__NOTOC__ 2007 (MMVII) was a common year that started on a Monday (dominical letter G) in the Gregorian calendar. It was the 2007th year of the Common Era or Anno Domini designation, the 7th year of the 3rd millennium and of the 21st century, and the 8th of the 2000s decade.

2007 was designated as: International Heliophysical Year. International Polar Year. European Year of Equal Opportunities for All. Year of Rumi. Year of the Dolphin.

Scotland's Year of Highland Culture.

Scouting Centenary, celebrating 100 years of the Scout Movement.

UNESCO has recognized fifteen anniversaries for 2007.

Events

January

January 1

* Bulgaria and Romania join the European Union.

* South Korea's Ban Ki-moon becomes the new United Nations Secretary-General, replacing Kofi Annan.

January 3 – China conducts an anti-terror raid in Xinjiang.

January 8 – Russian oil supplies to Poland, Germany, and Ukraine are cut as the Russia-Belarus energy dispute escalates; they are restored 3 days later.

January 12 – Comet C/2006 P1 (McNaught), the brightest comet in more than 40 years, makes perihelion.

January 13 – The Greek ship ''Server'' breaks in half off the Norwegian coast, releasing over 200 tons of crude oil.

January 14 – The International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement adopts the Red Crystal as a non-religious emblem for use in its overseas operations.

January 17 – Protests occur in India and the United Kingdom against the British series of ''Celebrity Big Brother'', after Jade Goody, Danielle Lloyd and Jo O'Meara were allegedly racially abusive towards Bollywood star Shilpa Shetty.

January 19 – Israel releases $100 million in frozen assets to President Mahmoud Abbas of the Palestinian National Authority, in order to bolster the president's position.

February

February 2

* Chinese President Hu Jintao signs a series of economic deals with Sudan.

* Martti Ahtisaari unveils a United Nations plan for the final status of Kosovo; Serbian leaders denounce the proposal.

* The IPCC publishes its fourth assessment report, having concluded that global climate change is "very likely" to have a predominantly human cause.

February 13 – North Korea agrees to shut down its nuclear facilities in Yongbyon by April 14 as a first step towards complete denuclearization, receiving in return energy aid equivalent to 50,000 tons of heavy fuel oil.

February 26 – The International Court of Justice finds Serbia guilty of failing to prevent genocide in the Srebrenica massacre, but clears it of direct responsibility and complicity in the case.

February 27 – The Chinese Correction: World stock markets plummet after China and Europe release less-than-expected growth reports.

February 28 – The New Horizons space probe makes a gravitational slingshot against Jupiter, which changes its trajectory towards Pluto.

March

March 1 – The International Polar Year, a $1.5 billion research program to study both the North Pole and South Pole, is launched in Paris.

March 8 – Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Olmert admits that Israel had planned an attack on Lebanon in the event of kidnapped soldiers on the border, months before Hezbollah carried out its kidnapping.

March 23 – Naval forces of Iran's Revolutionary Guard seize Royal Navy personnel in disputed Iran-Iraq waters.

March 27 – Prime Minister of Latvia Aigars Kalvitis and Prime minister of Russia Mikhail Fradkov finally sign a border treaty between Latvia and Russia.

April

April 3 – ''Second Orange Revolution'': Ukrainian President Viktor Yushchenko dissolves the Ukrainian Parliament, following defections that increased the majority of his opponents.

April 4 – Iran announces it will release the British sailors and marines that they captured on March 23.

April 14 – Retired chess champion Garry Kasparov is detained in Moscow for participating in a banned march.

April 24 – Gliese 581 c, a potentially habitable Earth-like extrasolar planet, is discovered in the constellation Libra.

April 26 – Russians riot in Tallinn, Estonia, about moving the Bronze Soldier; 2 nights of rioting leave 1 dead.

May

May 3 - British toddler Madeleine McCann disappears from an apartment in Praia da Luz, Portugal

May 16 – The United Nations General Assembly, recognizing that genuine multilingualism promotes unity in diversity and international understanding, proclaims 2008 the International Year of Languages.

May 17 – The Russian Orthodox Church Abroad and the Moscow Patriarchate re-unite after 80 years of schism.

May 20 – Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid al-Maktoum of Dubai makes the largest single charitable donation in modern history, committing €7.41 billion to an educational foundation in the Middle East.

June

June 1 – A 2,100-year-old melon is discovered by archaeologists in western Japan.

June 5 – NASA's MESSENGER spacecraft makes its second fly-by of Venus en route to Mercury.

June 28 – In the aftermath of Greece's worst heatwave in a century, at least 11 people are reported dead from heatstroke, approximately 200 wildfires break out nationwide, and the country's electricity grid nearly collapses due to record breaking demand.

July

July 2 – Venus and Saturn are in conjunction, separation 46 arcsecs.

July 7 – Live Earth Concerts are held throughout 9 major cities around the world.

July 17 – TAM Linhas Aéreas Flight 3054 overruns the runway of Congonhas-São Paulo International Airport and crashes, killing all 186 and others on the ground.

July 21 – The final book of the Harry Potter series, ''Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows'', is released and sells over 11 million copies in the first 24 hours, becoming the fastest selling book in history.

July 27– The Simpsons Movie releases in theaters

August

August 4 – The Phoenix spacecraft launches toward the Martian north pole.

August 6 – Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Olmert arrives in the historic Palestinian town of Jericho, becoming the first Prime Minister of Israel to visit the West Bank or Gaza Strip in more than 7 years. Olmert meets with Palestinian Authority President Mahmoud Abbas.

August 14 – Multiple suicide bombings kill 572 people in Qahtaniya, northern Iraq.

August 15 – An 8.0 earthquake strikes Peru, killing 512 people, injuring more than 1,500, and causing tsunami warnings in the Pacific Ocean.

August 17 – Vladimir Putin issues a statement, revealing that Russia is to resume the flight exercises of its strategic bombers in remote areas. The flights were suspended in 1991 after the dissolution of the Soviet Union.

September

September 2–September 9 – The Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation summit hosts its 19th annual city meeting in Sydney.

September 6 – ''Operation Orchard'': Israeli airplanes strike a suspected nuclear site in Syria.

September 14 – The SELENE spacecraft launches. JAXA has called the mission, "the largest lunar mission since the Apollo program."

September 16 – One-Two-GO Airlines Flight 269 crashes in Phuket, Thailand, killing 89 passengers and crew.

September 20 – The 2007 Universal Forum of Cultures opens in Monterrey, Mexico.

September 24 – India national cricket team won the inaugural 2007 ICC World Twenty20 Cup, beating Pakistan national cricket team in the final.

October

October 4 – Spanish authorities arrest 22 people associated with the banned Batasuna party, which campaigns for Basque independence, but also has ties to the terrorist group ETA.

October 8 – Track and field star Marion Jones surrenders her 5 Olympic medals she won in the 2000 Sydney Games, after admitting to doping.

October 14 – Al-habileen/lahij: Four citizens are killed on the 44th anniversary of the revolution against British colonial rule in South Yemen.

October 24 – In the space of a few hours, Comet Holmes develops a coma and flares up to half a million times its former brightness, becoming visible to the naked eye. Its coma later becomes larger in volume than the Sun, making it the second comet to do so in 2007 after Comet McNaught.

October 28 – The Vatican beatifies 498 Spanish victims of religious persecution from before and during the Spanish Civil War.

October 31 – The World Economic Forum releases The Global Competitiveness Report 2007-2008.

November

November 3 – President Pervez Musharraf declares a state of emergency in Pakistan.

November 5 – The Writers Guild of America goes on a strike that lasts until February 12, 2008.

November 6 – A suicide bomber kills at least 50 people in Mazari Sharif, Afghanistan, including 6 members of the National Assembly.

November 13 – An explosion hits the south wing of the House of Representatives of the Philippines in Quezon City, north of Manila, killing 4 people, including Basilan Congressman Wahab Akbar, and wounding 6 others.

November 14 – High Speed 1 from London to the Channel Tunnel is opened to passengers.

November 16 – Approximately 10,000 people are believed to have died after Cyclone Sidr hits Bangladesh.

November 18 – The Zasyadko mine disaster in eastern Ukraine claims the lives of 101 miners.

December

December 3 – 14 – The United Nations Climate Change Conference is held at Nusa Dua in Bali, Indonesia.

December 7 – Uranus' orbit is positioned such that the sun shines directly above its equator (i.e. an equinox).

December 8 – The 2007 Africa-EU Summit takes place as European Union and African Union leaders gather in Lisbon, Portugal, for their first joint summit in 7 years. The British and Czech prime ministers boycott the event due to the presence of Zimbabwean President Robert Mugabe.

December 10 – The United Nations deadline for a negotiated settlement on the future of Kosovo passes without an international agreement.

December 19 – Vladimir Putin, President of Russia, is announced as Time magazine's 2007 Person of the Year.

December 20 – The Pablo Picasso painting ''Portrait of Suzanne Bloch'', together with Candido Portinari's ''O Lavrador de Café'', is stolen from the São Paulo Museum of Art.

December 21 – The Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Slovakia, and Slovenia join the Schengen border-free zone.

December 24 – The Nepalese government announces that the country's 240-year-old monarchy will be abolished in 2008 and a new republic will be declared.

December 27 – Former Pakistani prime minister Benazir Bhutto is assassinated, and at least 20 others are killed by a bomb blast at an election rally in Rawalpindi.

December 31 – Over 200 people are killed in Kenya, due to riots over the results of the December 27 presidential election.

Births

April 10 – HRH Princess Ariane of the Netherlands, daughter of Prince Willem-Alexander and Princess Máxima.

April 21 – HRH Princess Isabella of Denmark, daughter of Crown Prince Frederik of Denmark and his wife, Crown Princess Mary.

April 29 – HRH Infanta Sofía of Spain, daughter of Felipe, Prince of Asturias and his wife, Letizia, Princess of Asturias.

17 December, James, Viscount Severn son of the Queen's youngest son, Prince Edward, Earl of Wessex and Sophie, Countess of Wessex

Deaths

January

January 2 – Teddy Kollek, Austrian-born mayor of Jerusalem (b. 1911)

January 4 – Marais Viljoen, State President of South Africa (b. 1915)

January 5 – Momofuku Ando, Japanese inventor (b. 1910)

January 8

* Iwao Takamoto, Japanese animator (b. 1925)

* Yvonne De Carlo, American actress (b. 1922)

January 9 – Jean-Pierre Vernant, French historian and anthropologist (b. 1914)

January 10 – Carlo Ponti, Italian film producer (b. 1912)

January 11 – Robert Anton Wilson, American author and conspiracy researcher (b. 1932)

January 12 – Alice Coltrane, American jazz musician (b. 1937)

January 13 – Michael Brecker, American jazz musician (b. 1949)

January 14 – Darlene Conley, American actress (b. 1934)

January 15

* Barzan Ibrahim al-Tikriti, Iraqi politician (b. 1951)

* Awad Hamed al-Bandar, Iraqi judge (b. 1945)

* Bo Yibo, Chinese politician (b. 1908)

January 17 – Art Buchwald, American humorist (b. 1925)

January 19

* Hrant Dink, Turkish-Armenian journalist (b. 1954)

* Denny Doherty, Canadian musician (The Mamas & the Papas) (b. 1940)

* Bam Bam Bigelow, American wrestler (b. 1961)

January 21 – Maria Cioncan, Romanian athlete (b. 1977)

January 22 – Abbé Pierre, French priest and founder of Emmaus (b. 1912)

January 23 – Ryszard Kapuściński, Polish journalist and author (b. 1932)

January 28 – Hsu Wei Lun, Taiwanese actress (b. 1978)

January 30 – Sidney Sheldon, American author and screenwriter (b. 1917)

January 31 – Kirka Babitzin, Finnish singer (b. 1950)

February

February 1 – Gian Carlo Menotti, Italian-born composer and librettist (b. 1911)

February 3

* Ralph de Toledano, Moroccan-born American political columnist and author (b. 1916)

* Pedro Knight, Cuban-born musician (b. 1921)

February 6 – Frankie Laine, American singer (b. 1913)

February 7

* Alan MacDiarmid, New Zealand chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1927)

* Helen Duncan, New Zealand politician (b. 1941)

February 8 – Anna Nicole Smith, American model and television personality (b. 1967)

February 9

* Benedict Kiely, Irish author and broadcaster (b. 1919)

* Ian Richardson, Scottish actor (b. 1934)

* Alejandro Finisterre, Spanish poet, editor, and inventor of table football (b. 1919)

February 11 – Reginald Hugh Hickling, British lawyer, colonial civil servant, law academic and author (b. 1920)

February 12 – Peggy Gilbert, American saxophonist (b. 1905)

February 13

* Elizabeth Jolley, Australian writer (b. 1923)

* Charles Norwood, American politician (b. 1941)

* Johanna Sällström, Swedish actress (b. 1974)

February 14 – Ryan Larkin, Canadian animator, artist, and sculptor (b. 1943)

February 15 – Robert Adler, Austrian-born inventor (b. 1913)

February 17

* Maurice Papon, French Vichy government official (b. 1910)

* Dermot O'Reilly, Irish-born musician (Ryan's Fancy) (b. 1942)

* Mike Awesome, American professional wrestler (b. 1965)

February 18 – Juan "Pachín" Vicéns, Puerto Rican basketball player (b. 1933)

February 22

* Lothar-Günther Buchheim, German author, painter, and art collector (b. 1918)

* Fons Rademakers, Dutch film director (b. 1920)

* Dennis Johnson, American basketball player (b. 1954)

February 24 – Bruce Bennett, American actor (b. 1906)

February 28

* Arthur M. Schlesinger, Jr., American historian and political commentator (b. 1917)

* Charles Forte, English hotelier (b. 1908)

March

March 2

* Henri Troyat, French writer (b. 1911)

* Madi Phala, South African artist (b. 1955)

March 3 – Warja Honegger-Lavater, Swiss illustrator (b. 1913)

March 4

* Natalie Bodanya, American soprano (b. 1908)

* Thomas Eagleton, American politician (b. 1929)

* Bob Hattoy, American activist (b. 1950)

* Tadeusz Nalepa, Polish composer, guitar player, vocalist and lyricist (b. 1934)

* Ian Wooldridge, British sports journalist (b. 1932)

* Jorge Kolle Cueto, Bolivian politician

March 6

* Jean Baudrillard, French philosopher and sociologist (b. 1929)

* Allen Coage, American professional wrestler (b. 1943)

* Ernest Gallo, American winemaker (b. 1909)

March 8 – John Inman, English actor (b. 1935)

March 9

* Brad Delp, American singer (Boston) (b. 1951)

* Thomas B. Mason, U.S. Attorney (b. 1919)

March 10

* Ernie Ladd, American football player and professional wrestler (b. 1938)

* Richard Jeni, American comedian (b. 1957)

March 11 – Betty Hutton, American actress (b. 1921)

March 12 – Antonio Ortiz Mena, Mexican politician and economist (b. 1907)

March 13 – Arnold Skaaland, American wrestler (b. 1925)

March 14

* Lucie Aubrac, French World War II Resistance fighter (b. 1912)

* Gareth Hunt, English actor (b. 1943)

March 16

* Manjural Islam, Bangladeshi cricketer (b. 1984)

* Sir Arthur Marshall, British aviation engineer (b. 1903)

March 17

* Jim Cronin, British businessman (b. 1952)

* Roger Bennett, American gospel musician (b. 1952)

March 18 – Bob Woolmer, English cricketer and coach (b. 1948)

March 19

* Calvert DeForest, American actor and comedian (b. 1921)

* Luther Ingram, American singer (b. 1937)

March 20 – Taha Yassin Ramadan, Vice President of Iraq (b. 1938)

March 23 – Eric Medlen, American race car driver (b. 1973)

March 25 – Andranik Margaryan, 14th Prime Minister of Armenia (b. 1951)

March 29 – Leslie Waller, American novelist (b. 1923)

April

April 1

* Laurie Baker, English architect (b. 1917)

* Driss Chraibi, Moroccan writer (b. 1926)

* Hans Filbinger, German jurist and politician (b. 1913)

April 2 – Henry Lee Giclas, American astronomer (b. 1910)

April 3 – Eddie Robinson, American football coach (b. 1919)

April 4 – Bob Clark, American film director (b. 1939)

April 5

* Thomas Stoltz Harvey Pathologist who conducted Albert Einstein's autopsy (b. 1912)

* Leela Majumdar, Bengali children's author (b. 1908)

* Darryl Stingley, American football player (b. 1951)

* Poornachandra Tejaswi, Indian writer and novelist (b. 1938)

April 6 – Luigi Comencini, Italian film director (b. 1916)

April 7

* Johnny Hart, American cartoonist (b. 1931)

* Barry Nelson, American actor (b. 1920)

April 9 – AJ Carothers, American writer (b. 1931)

April 10 – Kevin Crease Australian news presenter and entertainer (b. 1936)

April 11

* Roscoe Lee Browne, American actor (b. 1925)

* Ronald Speirs, United States Army officer (b. 1920)

* Kurt Vonnegut, American novelist and playwright (b. 1922)

April 13 – Don Selwyn, Māori actor and film director (b. circa 1936)

April 14

* June Callwood, Canadian journalist (b. 1924)

* Don Ho, American musician (b. 1930)

April 15 – Brant Parker, American cartoonist (b. 1920)

April 16 – Frank Bateson, New Zealand astronomer (b. 1909)

April 17 – Kitty Carlisle Hart, American singer, actress & talk show panelist (b. 1910)

April 18 – Iccho Itoh, Mayor of Nagasaki, Japan (b. 1945)

April 20 – Michael Fu Tieshan, Chinese bishop (b. 1931)

April 22 – Juanita Millender-McDonald, American politician (b. 1938)

April 23

* David Halberstam, American author and journalist (b. 1934)

* Boris Yeltsin, first President of the Russian Federation (b. 1931)

April 25

* Alan Ball, English footballer (b. 1945)

* Arthur Milton, English cricketer and footballer (b. 1928)

* Bobby Pickett, American singer (b. 1938)

April 26

* Jack Valenti, American film executive, creator of MPAA film rating system (b. 1921)

* Conchita Montenegro, Spanish model and actress (b. 1912)

April 27 – Mstislav Rostropovich, Russian cellist and conductor (b. 1927)

April 28

* Dabbs Greer, American actor (b. 1917)

* Carl Friedrich von Weizsäcker, German physicist and philosopher (b. 1912)

April 29

* Ivica Račan, 7th Prime Minister of Croatia (b. 1944)

* Dick Motz, New Zealand cricket player (b. 1940)

April 30

* Grégory Lemarchal, French singer (b. 1983)

* Tom Poston, American actor (b. 1921)

* Gordon Scott, American actor (b. 1926)

May

May 2 – Juan Valdivieso, Peruvian footballer (b. 1910)

May 3

* Wally Schirra, American astronaut (b. 1923)

* Knock Yokoyama, Japanese comedian and politician (b. 1932)

May 5

* Theodore Maiman, American physicist (b. 1927)

* Gusti Wolf, Austrian actress (b. 1912)

May 6 – Lesley Blanch, English writer and fashion editor (b. 1904)

May 7 – Emma Lehmer, Russian-born mathematician (b. 1906)

May 11 – Malietoa Tanumafili II, Samoan head of state (b. 1913)

May 12 – Mullah Dadullah Akhund, Afghani Taliban military leader

May 14 – Colin St John Wilson, English architect (b. 1922)

May 15

* Jerry Falwell, American evangelist (b. 1933)

* Yolanda King, American actress and activist, daughter of Martin Luther King, Jr. (b. 1955)

May 17 – Lloyd Alexander, American author (b. 1924)

May 18

* Pierre-Gilles de Gennes, French physicist and Nobel Prize for Physics laureate (b. 1932)

* Yoyoy Villame, Filipino singer (b. 1938)

May 19 – Dean Eyre, New Zealand politician (b. 1914)

May 20 – Stanley Miller, American chemist and biologist (b. 1930)

May 25 – Charles Nelson Reilly, American actor (b. 1931)

May 27

* Izumi Sakai, Japanese singer (Zard) (b. 1967)

* Percy Sonn, South African lawyer and cricket executive (b. 1949)

* Ed Yost, American inventor of the modern hot air balloon (b. 1919)

May 28

* Marquise Hill, American football player (b. 1982)

* David Lane, American white nationalist (b. 1938)

June

June 2 – Huang Ju, Chinese politician (b. 1938)

June 4 – Craig L. Thomas, American politician (b. 1933)

June 8 – Aden Abdullah Osman Daar, first President of Somalia (b. 1908)

June 10 – Augie Auer, meteorologist (b. 1940)

June 11

* Imre Friedmann, American scientist (b. 1921)

* Mala Powers, American film actress (b. 1931)

June 12 – Don Herbert, American television personality, ''Mr. Wizard'' (b. 1917)

June 13 – David Hatch, BBC Radio producer and comedian (b. 1939)

June 14

* Ruth Bell Graham, Wife of Billy Graham (b. 1920)

* Jacques Simonet, Belgian politician (b. 1963)

June 14 – Kurt Waldheim, Austrian politician and diplomat, former United Nations Secretary-General (b. 1918)

June 15 – Sherri Martel, American professional wrestler (b. 1958)

June 17 – Gianfranco Ferrè, Italian designer (b. 1944)

June 18

* Bernard Manning, English comedian (b. 1930)

* Vilma Espín, Cuban wife of Raúl Castro (b. 1930)

June 19

* El Fary, Spanish singer (b. 1937)

* Terry Hoeppner, American football coach (b. 1947)

* Antonio Aguilar, Mexican singer and actor (b. 1919)

June 20 – Trevor Henry, New Zealand Justice (b. 1902)

June 22 – Erik Parlevliet, Dutch field hockey player b. (1964)

June 24

* Derek Dougan, Northern Irish footballer (b. 1938)

* Natasja Saad, Afro Danish rapper and reggae singer (b. 1974)

* Chris Benoit, Canadian professional wrestler (b. 1967)

June 26

* Jupp Derwall, German footballer and coach (b. 1927)

* Joey Sadler, New Zealand rugby player (b. 1914)

* Liz Claiborne, Belgian-American fashion designer (b. 1929)

June 27 – William Hutt, Canadian stage and film actor (b. 1920)

June 28 – Kiichi Miyazawa, 78th Prime Minister of Japan (b. 1919)

June 30 – Jan Herman Linge, Norwegian engineer and boat designer (b. 1922)

July

July 1 – Gottfried von Bismarck, German aristocrat and socialite (b. 1962)

July 2

* Vojislav Nikčević, Montenegrin professor and linguist (b. 1935)

* Beverly Sills, American soprano (b. 1929)

* Dilip Sardesai, Indian cricketer (b. 1940)

* Hy Zaret, American lyricist and composer (b. 1907)

July 3

* Claude Pompidou, wife of President of France Georges Pompidou (b. 1912)

* Boots Randolph, American saxophone player (b. 1927)

July 4

* Johnny Frigo, American jazz violinist and bassist (b.1916)

* Bill Pinkney, American singer (b. 1925)

July 5

* George Melly, English singer (b. 1926)

* Régine Crespin, French soprano (b. 1927)

July 6

* Lois Wyse, American advertising executive, author, and columnist (b. 1926)

* Kathleen E. Woodiwiss, U.S.American novelist (b. 1939)

July 10

* Zheng Xiaoyu, Chinese bureaucrat (b. 1944)

* Corbin Harney, an elder and spiritual leader of the Newe (Western Shoshone) people (b. 1920)

July 11

* Lady Bird Johnson, former First Lady of the United States (b. 1912)

* Alfonso López Michelsen, 32nd Colombian President (b. 1913)

* Ed Mirvish, Canadian businessman and philanthropist (b. 1914)

* Shag Crawford, American umpire in Major League Baseball (b. 1916)

* Richard Franklin, Australian film director (b. 1948)

July 12

* Nigel Dempster, British journalist, author, broadcaster and diarist (b.1941)

* Pat Fordice, First Lady of Mississippi from 1992 until 2000 (b. 1935)

* Jim Mitchell, pioneer in the pornographic film industry (b. 1945)

* Larry Staverman, American professional basketball player and coach (b. 1936)

* Stan Zemanek, Australian radio broadcaster (b. 1947)

July 14 – John Ferguson, Canadian professional hockey player, coach and executive (b. 1938)

July 17 – Júlio Redecker, Brazilian politician (b. 1956)

July 18 – Kenji Miyamoto, Japanese politician (b. 1908)

July 19 – A. K. Faezul Huq, Bangladeshi lawyer and politician (b. 1945)

July 22

* László Kovács, Hungarian-American cinematographer (b. 1933)

* Ulrich Mühe, German actor (b. 1953)

* Peter Lennox-Kerr, British Journalist (b. 1926)

* Jean Stablinski, French cyclist of Polish origin (b. 1932)

* Aleksandr Tatarskiy, Russian animation film director (b. 1950)

July 23

* Benjamin Libet, American pioneering scientist in the field of human consciousness (b. 1916)

* Mohammed Zahir Shah, last King of Afghanistan (b. 1914)

July 24 – Albert Ellis, American psychologist (b. 1913)

July 27 – James Oyebola, British heavyweight boxer (b. 1961)

July 29

* Mike Reid, British comedian and actor (b. 1940)

* Tom Snyder, American talk show host (b. 1936)

July 30

* Michelangelo Antonioni, Italian film director (b. 1912)

* Teoctist Arăpaşu, Ex-Romanian Orthodox Church Patriarch (b. 1915)

* Ingmar Bergman, Swedish film director (b. 1918)

* Bill Walsh, American football coach (b. 1931)

August

August 1

* Tommy Makem, Irish folk musician (b. 1932)

* Ryan Cox, South African professional road racing cyclist (b. 1979)

* Veikko Karvonen, Finnish athlete (b. 1926)

August 2 – Holden Roberto, Angolan nationalist leader (b. 1923)

August 3

* James T. Callahan, American actor (b. 1930)

* John Gardner, British author (b. 1926)

August 4 – Lee Hazlewood, American country singer, songwriter and producer (b. 1929)

August 5

* Oliver Hill, American lawyer (b. 1907)

* Jean-Marie Lustiger, French Cardinal Archbishop of Paris (b. 1926)

August 6 – Heinz Barth, German war criminal (b. 1920)

August 7

* Ernesto Alonso, Mexican soap opera actor, director and producer, best known as ''Señor Telenovela'' (b. 1917)

* Angus Tait, New Zealand electronics innovator and businessman (b. 1919)

August 8

* Ma Lik, Chinese politician (b. 1952)

* Melville Shavelson, American film director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1917)

August 9 – Joe O'Donnell, American documentary photographer and photojournalist (b. 1922)

August 10

* Tony Wilson, English broadcaster, nightclub manager, and record label owner (b.1950)

* James Faust, an Apostle in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (b. 1920)

August 12

* Merv Griffin, American TV personality (b. 1925)

* Mike Wieringo, American comic book artist (b. 1963)

August 13

* Brooke Astor, American socialite and philanthropist (b. 1902)

* Phil Rizzuto, American baseball player and announcer (b. 1917)

* Brian Adams, American professional wrestler (b. 1964)

August 14 – Tikhon Khrennikov, Russian composer (b. 1913)

August 15

* Richard Bradshaw, British opera conductor (b. 1944)

* John Gofman, American Manhattan Project scientist and advocate (b. 1918)

* Sam Pollock, Canadian sports executive (b. 1925)

August 16 – Max Roach, American percussionist, drummer, and composer (b. 1924)

August 17 – Eddie Griffin, American basketball player (b. 1982)

August 18 – Michael Deaver, American political adviser (b. 1938)

August 20 – Leona Helmsley, American hotel operator and real estate investor (b. 1920)

August 21

* Elizabeth P. Hoisington, American brigadier general (b. 1918)

* Qurratulain Hyder, Indian novelist (b. 1926)

August 24 – Abdul Rahman Arif, 3rd President of Iraq (b. 1916)

August 25

* Raymond Barre, French politician and economist (b. 1924)

* Ray Jones, English footballer (b. 1988)

August 26

* Gaston Thorn, Luxembourger politician (b. 1928)

* Ramon Zamora, Filipino martial arts actor (b. 1935)

August 28

* Antonio Puerta, Spanish footballer (b. 1984)

* Francisco Umbral, Spanish journalist, novelist, biographer and essayist (b. 1935)

* Miyoshi Umeki, Japanese actress (b. 1929)

* Nikola Nobilo, New Zealand winemaker (b. 1913)

August 29

* Richard Jewell, American falsely accused of bombing the Centennial Olympic Park (b. 1962)

* Pierre Messmer, French politician (b. 1916)

* Chaswe Nsofwa, Zambian footballer (b. 1978)

* James Muir Cameron Fletcher, New Zealand industrialist (b. 1914)

August 30

* Michael Jackson, English writer (b. 1942)

* Charles Vanik, American politician (b. 1918)

August 31 – Gay Brewer, American golfer (b. 1932)

September

September 1

* Tomás Medina Caracas, Colombian rebel leader (b. 1965)

* Roy McKenzie, New Zealand philanthropist (b. 1922)

September 2 – Max McNab, Canadian hockey player and hockey executive (b. 1924)

September 3

* Jane Tomlinson, British charity fund raiser (b. 1964)

* Syd Jackson, Māori activist and trade unionist (b. 1939)

September 5

* Jennifer Dunn, American politician (b. 1941)

* Paul Gillmor, American politician (b. 1939)

September 6

* Madeleine L'Engle, American author (b. 1918)

* Luciano Pavarotti, Italian tenor (b. 1935)

September 7

* John Compton, Prime Minister of Saint Lucia (b. 1925)

* Mark Weil, Uzbek theater director (b. 1952)

September 8 – Charlie Parlato, American musician (b. 1919)

September 9

* Helmut Senekowitsch, Austrian footballer and coach (b. 1933)

* Hughie Thomasson, American musician (b. 1952)

September 10

* Anita Roddick, English entrepreneur (b. 1942)

* Jane Wyman, American actress, former wife of Ronald Reagan (b. 1917)

September 11

* Ian Porterfield, Scottish footballer (b. 1946)

* Joe Zawinul, Austrian musician (b. 1932)

September 13 – Whakahuihui Vercoe, New Zealand clergyman (b. 1928)

September 14 – Benny Vansteelant, Belgian duathlete (b. 1976)

September 15

* Colin McRae, Scottish world rally champion (b. 1968)

* Aldemaro Romero, Venezuelan musician (b. 1928)

* Brett Somers, American actress (b. 1924)

September 16 – Robert Jordan, American author (b. 1948)

September 18 – Len Thompson, Australian footballer (b. 1947)

September 19 – Antoine Ghanem, Lebanese politician (b. 1943)

September 20 – Mahlon Clark, American musician (b. 1923)

September 21

* Hallgeir Brenden, Norwegian athlete (b. 1929)

* Alice Ghostley, American actress (b. 1926)

* Rex Humbard, American evangelist (b. 1919)

* Petar Stambolić, Serbian politician (b. 1912)

September 22 – Marcel Marceau, French mime artist (b. 1923)

September 23 – Ken Danby, Canadian artist (b. 1940)

September 26 – Dave Carpender, American guitarist with The Greg Kihn Band (b. 1950)

September 27

* Bill Perry, South African footballer, scored winning goal in the 1953 FA Cup Final (b. 1930)

* Avraham Shapira, Israeli chief rabbi (b. 1914)

* Kenji Nagai, Japanese journalist (b. 1957)

September 28 – Wally Parks, American founder of the National Hot Rod Association (b. 1913)

September 29 – Lois Maxwell, Canadian actress (b. 1927)

September 30 – Milan Jelić, Bosnian-Serb politician (b. 1956)

October

October 1

* Ronnie Hazlehurst, English composer (b. 1928)

* Al Oerter, American athlete (b. 1936)

* Ned Sherrin, English broadcaster and theatre director (b. 1931)

October 2 – Dan Keating, Irish republican (b. 1902)

October 3 – Tony Ryan, Irish businessman (b. 1936)

October 4

* Qassem Al-Nasser, Jordanian General (b. 1925)

* Antonie Iorgovan, Romanian jurist, professor, and politician (b. 1948)

October 5 – Justin Tuveri, Italian veteran of World War I (b. 1898)

October 6 – Jo Ann Davis, American politician (b. 1950)

October 7

* Norifumi Abe, Japanese motorcycle road racer (b. 1975)

* Luciana Frassati Gawronska, Italian author (b. 1902)

October 8 – Constantine Andreou, Greek painter and sculptor (b. 1917)

October 11 – Sri Chinmoy, Indian philosopher (b. 1931)

October 12

* Soe Win, Burmese politician (b. 1948)

* Kisho Kurokawa, Japanese architect (b. 1934)

October 13 – Bob Denard, French mercenary (b. 1929)

October 16

* Deborah Kerr, Scottish actress (b. 1921)

* Rosalio José Castillo Lara, Venezuelan cardinal (b. 1922)

* Toše Proeski, Macedonian singer (b. 1981)

* Barbara West, 2nd to last living survivor of the Titanic sinking (b. 1911)

October 17

* Joey Bishop, American entertainer (b. 1918)

* Teresa Brewer, American singer (b. 1931)

October 18

* Alan Coren, English columnist (b. 1939)

* William J. Crowe, American military commander and ambassador (b. 1925)

* Lucky Dube, South African musician (b. 1964)

October 19 – Jan Wolkers, Dutch author, sculptor and painter (b. 1925)

October 20 – Max McGee, American football player (b. 1932)

October 22 – Ève Curie, French author, daughter of Pierre and Marie Curie (b. 1904)

October 23 – Lim Goh Tong, Malaysian Chinese businessman (b. 1918)

October 24

* Petr Eben, Czech composer (b. 1929)

* Ian Middleton, New Zealand novelist (b. 1928)

October 26

* Nicolae Dobrin, Romanian footballer (b. 1947)

* Friedman Paul Erhardt, German-American television chef (b. 1943)

* Arthur Kornberg, American biochemist (b. 1918)

* Khun Sa, Burmese warlord (b. 1934)

October 28 – Porter Wagoner, American country singer (b. 1927)

October 30 – Robert Goulet, American entertainer (b. 1933)

November

November 1 – Paul Tibbets, American general, pilot of the Enola Gay (b. 1915)

November 2

* Charmaine Dragun, Australian news anchor (b. 1978)

* S. P. Thamilselvan, Sri Lankan Tamil political leader (b. 1967)

* Igor Moiseyev, Russian choreographer (b. 1906)

* The Fabulous Moolah, American professional wrestler (b. 1923)

November 3

* Martin Meehan, Irish republican (b. 1945)

* Aleksandr Dedyushko (b. 1962)

* Ryan Shay, American runner (b. 1979)

November 5 – Nils Liedholm, Swedish footballer and coach (b. 1922)

November 6

*Enzo Biagi, Italian journalist (b. 1920)

* Hank Thompson, American country singer (b. 1925)

November 7 – Hilda Braid, English actress (b. 1929)

November 8

* Chad Varah, English Anglican priest, founder of the Samaritans (b. 1911)

* Dulce Saguisag, Filipino politician (b. 1943)

November 9 – Luis Herrera Campins, 56th President of Venezuela (b. 1925)

November 10

* Laraine Day, American actress (b. 1920)

* Augustus F. Hawkins, American politician and civil rights lawmaker (b. 1907)

* Norman Mailer, American writer (b. 1923)

November 11 – Delbert Mann, American film and television director (b. 1920)

November 12 – Ira Levin, American novelist (b. 1929)

November 13

* John Doherty, English footballer (b. 1935)

* Kazuhisa Inao, Japanese baseball player (b. 1937)

* Wahab Akbar, Filipino politician (b. 1960)

November 15 – Joe Nuxhall, American baseball player and announcer (b. 1928)

November 16 – Trond Kirkvaag, Norwegian comedian and author (b. 1946)

November 19 – Dick Wilson, American actor (b. 1916)

November 20 – Ian Smith, Prime Minister of Rhodesia (b. 1919)

November 21

* Fernando Fernán Gómez, Spanish actor, director, and playwright (b. 1921)

* Tom Johnson, Canadian sports executive and hockey player (b. 1928)

November 22 – Verity Lambert, English producer (b. 1935)

November 23 – Vladimir Kryuchkov, Russian Soviet-era bureaucrat (b. 1924)

November 24 – Casey Calvert, American musician (Hawthorne Heights) (b. 1981)

November 25 – Kevin DuBrow, American musician (Quiet Riot) (b. 1955)

November 27

* Sean Taylor, American football player (b. 1983)

* Robert Cade, American physician and inventor of the beverage Gatorade (b. 1927)

November 28 – Elly Beinhorn, German pilot (b. 1907)

November 29

* Henry Hyde, American politician (b. 1924)

* Roger Bonham Smith, American businessman (b. 1925)

November 30 – Evel Knievel, American motorcycle daredevil (b. 1938)

December

December 1 – Ken McGregor, Australian tennis player (b. 1929)

December 2

* Robert O. Anderson, American businessman (b. 1917)

* Elizabeth Hardwick, American literary critic and novelist (b. 1916)

* Les Shannon, English footballer and manager (b. 1926)

* Thomas Torrance, Scottish Protestant theologian (b. 1913)

December 4

* Pimp C, American rapper (b. 1973)

* Norval Morrisseau, Canadian artist (b. 1932)

* Chip Reese, American professional gambler (b. 1951)

December 5

* Karlheinz Stockhausen, German composer (b. 1928)

* Andrew Imbrie, American composer (b. 1921)

December 6 – Katy French, Irish model (b. 1983)

December 9

* Thore Skogman, Swedish entertainer (b. 1931)

* Abdullah Qureshi, Pakistani activist (b. 1935)

December 10 – Ashleigh Aston Moore, American actress (b. 1981)

December 11

* Nicholas Kao Se Tseien, Chinese Catholic priest (b. 1897)

* Ottomar Pinto, Brazilian politician (b. 1931)

December 12 – Ike Turner, American musician (b. 1931)

December 15

* Julia Carson, American politician (b. 1938)

* Ace Vergel, Filipino actor (b. 1952)

December 16 – Dan Fogelberg, American singer and songwriter (b. 1951)

December 18 – Bill Strauss, American satirist, author and historian (b. 1947)

December 20 – Arabella Spencer-Churchill, English philanthropist (b. 1949)

December 21

* Ken Hendricks, American entrepreneur (b. 1941)

* Carol Bly, Teacher, award-winning American author of short stories, essays, and nonfiction (b. 1930)

December 22

* Chrysostomos I, Archbishop of Cyprus (b. 1927)

* Julien Gracq, French writer (b. 1910)

* Andrew Glyn, English economist (b. 1943)

* Adrian Cristobal, Filipino writer (b. 1932)

December 23

* Michael Kidd, American choreographer (b. 1915)

* Oscar Peterson, Canadian jazz pianist and composer (b. 1925)

December 24 – Akbar Radi, Iranian dramatist and playwright (b. 1939)

December 26

* Joe Dolan, Irish singer (b. 1939)

* Stu Nahan, American sportscaster (b. 1926)

December 27

* Benazir Bhutto, Pakistani politician (assassinated; b. 1953)

* Jaan Kross, Estonian writer (b. 1920)

* Jerzy Kawalerowicz, Polish film director (b. 1922)

* Prince Pedro Gastão of Orléans-Braganza‎, a claimant to the Brazilian throne (b. 1913)

December 28 – Aidin Nikkhah Bahrami, Iranian basketball player (b. 1982)

December 29

* Abdullah ibn Husayn al-Ahmar, Yemeni political and tribal leader (b. 1933)

* Phil O'Donnell, Scottish footballer (b. 1972)

December 31

* Muhammad Osman Said, Former Libyan prime minister (b. 1922).

* Ettore Sottsass, Italian architect (b. 1917)

Nobel Prizes

Chemistry – Gerhard Ertl

Economics – Leonid Hurwicz, Eric Maskin, and Roger Myerson

Literature – Doris Lessing

Peace – Albert Gore, Jr, and the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

Physics – Albert Fert, Peter Grünberg

Physiology or Medicine – Mario Capecchi, Oliver Smithies, and Sir Martin Evans

Holidays

January 1 – New Year's Day.

January 7 – Christmas in Eastern Christianity.

January 26 – Australia Day, India's Republic Day.

February 6 – Waitangi Day in New Zealand.

February 12 – Independence Day in Chile.

February 19 – Presidents' Day in the United States.

February 20 – Mardi Gras Day.

February 21 – Western Christianity: Ash Wednesday and start of Lent.

March 1 – Saint David's Day

March 17 – Saint Patrick's Day.

March 19 – Feast of Saint Joseph in Christianity. In Judaism, start of the month of Nisan.

March 21 – Norouz, Iranian and Bahá'í New Year.

April 1 – April Fools' Day.

April 2 – In Judaism, 14/15 Nisan. Passover Seder.

April 6 – Good Friday in the Western Christian and Eastern Orthodox calendars.

April 8 – Easter (Western Christianity and Eastern Orthodoxy).

April 10 – End of Passover or Feast of Unleavened Bread.

April 18 – Zimbabwe's Independence day.

April 22 – Earth Day.

April 23

* Saint George's Day.

* Israeli Independence Day (Iyar 5) in the Hebrew calendar.

April 25

* ANZAC Day in Australia and New Zealand.

* Liberation of Italy Day.

April 27 – Arbor Day in the USA.

April 30 – Koninginnedag (''Queen's Day'', in Dutch) – National Holiday in the Netherlands.

May 1 – Beltane, a cross-quarter day. Also Labor Day in most of the world, but not in the USA and Canada. May Day.

May 5

* May Day in the United Kingdom.

* Cinco de Mayo, celebrating the Battle of Puebla between Mexico and France.

May 18 – Somaliland's (disputed) Independence day from Somalia.

May 21 – Victoria Day in Canada.

May 23 – Shavuot or Pentecost in the Jewish religion.

May 28 – Memorial Day in the USA.

June 1 – Foundation Day Western Australia, Australia.

June 2 – Republic Day in Italy.

June 7 – Independence Day in Norway.

June 12 – Independence Day in the Philippines.

June 14 – Flag Day in the USA.

June 17 – Iceland's Independence Day.

June 26 – Somaliland's Independence from the UK.

July 1 – Canada Day.

July 4 – Independence Day in the USA.

July 5 – Independence Day in Venezuela.

July 9 – Independence Day in Argentina.

July 14 – Bastille Day in France.

July 20 – Independence Day in Colombia.

July 24 – Birthday of Simon Bolivar (observed in Venezuela, Colombia, and Ecuador). Pioneer Day observed in Utah.

July 28 – Independence Day in Peru.

August 1 – Lammas, "Loaf Mass," a Cross-quarter day, Swiss National Day.

August 6 – Independence Day in Jamaica.

August 9 – National Day in Singapore.

August 14 – Pakistan Independence Day.

August 15 – India Independence Day.

August 17 – Indonesia Independence Day.

August 20 – St. Stephen's day, the main national holiday in Hungary.

August 28 – India Raksha Bhandhan.

August 31 – National Day in Malaysia.

September 3 – Labour Day in Canada and the USA.

September 7 – Independence Day in Brazil.

September 11 – National Day in Catalonia.

September 12–September 14 – Rosh Hashana begins at sunset: New Year 5768 in the Hebrew Calendar.

September 13 – Ramadan begins for the religion of Islam.

September 16 – Mexico Independence Day.

September 18 – Chile Independence Day.

September 21

* Yom Kippur or ''Yom ha-kippurim'', the Day of Atonement in the Jewish faith.

* Malta Independence Day.

September 22 – Belize Independence Day.

September 23 – Saudi Arabian National Day.

September 27 – Sukot or Feast of Tabernacles in Judaism.

October 1 – Independence Day in Nigeria.

October 2 – Gandhi Jayanti in India.

October 8

* Thanksgiving in Canada. Columbus Day in the USA.

* Battle of Angamos Day in Peru.

October 12 – Columbus Day in Central and South America.

October 23 – Hungarian Revolution of 1956 Anniversary in Hungary.

October 31 – All Hallows' Eve, Halloween.

November 1 – All Saints' Day. Samhain, a cross-quarter day. Neopagan New Year's Day.

November 5 – Guy Fawkes Night in Commonwealth countries.

November 9 – Diwali festival in India.

November 11

* Remembrance Day in most Commonwealth countries, Veterans' Day in the USA.

* Independence Day in Poland.

November 22 – Thanksgiving in the USA.

November 30 – Saint Andrew's Day.

December 1 – National Day in Romania.

December 6 – Independence Day in Finland.

December 11 – Independence Day in South Africa.

December 16 – Independence Day in Kazakhstan.

December 19 – Eid ul-Adha in Muslim countries.

December 22 – Winter Solstice.

December 23 – Festivus.

December 25 – Christmas in Western Christianity.

December 26 – Boxing Day in most Commonwealth countries.

December 31 – New Year's Eve.

In fiction

References

2007 Calendar at Internet Accuracy Project.

af:2007 am:2007 እ.ኤ.አ. ang:2007 ab:2007 ar:ملحق:2007 an:2007 arc:2007 roa-rup:2007 frp:2007 ast:2007 gn:2007 av:2007 ay:2007 az:2007 bn:২০০৭ zh-min-nan:2007 nî be:2007 be-x-old:2007 bh:२००७ bcl:2007 bs:2007 br:2007 bg:2007 bxr:2007 ca:2007 cv:2007 ceb:2007 cs:2007 cbk-zam:2007 co:2007 cy:2007 da:2007 de:2007 dv:2007 et:2007 el:2007 myv:2007 ие es:2007 eo:2007 ext:2007 eu:2007 fa:۲۰۰۷ (میلادی) hif:2007 fo:2007 fr:2007 fy:2007 fur:2007 ga:2007 gv:2007 gd:2007 gl:2007 gan:2007年 glk:2007 xal:2007 җил ko:2007년 haw:2007 hy:2007 hi:२००७ hr:2007. io:2007 ig:2007 ilo:2007 bpy:মারি ২০০৭ id:2007 ia:2007 iu:2007 os:2007-æм аз is:2007 it:2007 he:2007 jv:2007 kn:೨೦೦೭ pam:2007 krc:2007 джыл ka:2007 csb:2007 kk:2007 kw:2007 ky:2007-жыл sw:2007 kv:2007 во ht:2007 (almanak gregoryen) ku:2007 la:2007 lv:2007. gads lb:2007 lt:2007 m. lij:2007 li:2007 jbo:2007moi lmo:2007 hu:2007 mk:2007 ml:2007 mt:2007 mi:2007 mr:इ.स. २००७ arz:2007 mzn:2007 ms:2007 mn:2007 nah:2007 na:2007 nl:2007 nds-nl:2007 new:सन् २००७ ja:2007年 nap:2007 no:2007 nn:2007 nrm:2007 nov:2007 oc:2007 mhr:2007 or:୨୦୦୭ om:2007 uz:2007 pa:੨੦੦੭ pi:२००७ pag:2007 pnb:2007 pap:2007 pms:2007 tpi:2007 nds:2007 pl:2007 pt:2007 crh:2007 ty:2007 ksh:Joohr 2007 ro:2007 rm:2007 qu:2007 rue:2007 ru:2007 год sah:2007 se:2007 sco:2007 stq:2007 sq:2007 scn:2007 simple:2007 sd:2007 sk:2007 sl:2007 szl:2007 so:2007 ckb:٢٠٠٧ sr:2007 sh:2007 su:2007 fi:2007 sv:2007 tl:2007 ta:2007 kab:2007 tt:2007 ел te:2007 tet:2007 th:พ.ศ. 2550 tg:2007 tr:2007 tk:2007 udm:2007 ар bug:2007 uk:2007 ur:2007ء vec:2007 vi:2007 vo:2007 fiu-vro:2007 wa:2007 zh-classical:二〇〇七年 vls:2007 war:2007 yi:2007 yo:2007 zh-yue:2007年 diq:2007 bat-smg:2007 zh:2007年

Coordinates	38°37′38″N90°11′52″N
name	Smosh
author	Ian Hecox and Anthony Padilla
years	2005-present
website	smosh.com }}

Smosh is a web-based comedy duo consisting of Ian Hecox and Anthony Padilla. Anthony Padilla first began posting flash movies on Newgrounds in early 2003, under the name Smosh. He was later joined by his friend Ian Hecox. Soon afterward they began to post videos on YouTube in the autumn of 2005 and became one of the most popular channels on that site, with more than 3 million subscribers as of August 2011. Until 2008, Smosh was the most-subscribed-to-YouTube account.

Four Smosh-related channels exist on YouTube. The base "Smosh" channel, where both Ian and Anthony post their skits and other videos, has new videos every Friday. From "IanH" (used at first for vlogs and other non-scripted videos), the pair upload their side series "Ian is Bored" on Mondays and "Lunchtime with Smosh" on Thursdays, while their associate performer Mari does "Smosh Pit Weekly" videos on Saturday. A third channel, called "AskCharlie", is based on the popular Smosh character Charlie the Drunk Guinea Pig. It uploads videos every Wednesday. Their final channel, "AnthonyPadilla", has been inactive since February 2011; it was formerly where Anthony made vlog-like videos on his own.

History

Formation and ''Pokémon Theme Music Video'': 2005–2009

Smosh began when Ian Hecox and Anthony Padilla made several videos together, lip syncing to theme songs such as Mortal Kombat, Power Rangers, and Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles. At first, these videos were not intended to be posted online, but after they sent them to their friends, they started a YouTube channel.

One of Smosh's earliest videos, "Pokémon Theme Music Video," was released in November 2005. It followed the same style as their other earlier videos, featuring the duo lip-synching the original English theme song for the Pokémon anime. However, the video instantly became much more popular than any of their other videos; over the course of its lifetime, it gained 24.7 million views, becoming the most-viewed video on all of YouTube at that time. It held that title for about six months, but was removed by YouTube after the website received a notice from Shogakukan Productions Co., Ltd., claiming copyright infringement.

The success of their ''Pokémon'' video and other videos led Smosh to be featured in the "Person of the Year: You" issue of ''Time Magazine'', published December 13, 2006. It also inspired them to expand their style beyond basic lip-synching videos, and eventually to start creating videos of various genres, such as mini-skits and sketch comedies.

2010 era

In January 2010, Smosh launched the "Smosh Pit" feature, a blog that consists of various pieces of pop-culture trivia. In addition, 2010 saw the channel launch 3 different Smosh-based web series: "Ian is Bored," which is a collection of comedic videos by Ian Hecox; "Ask Charlie" (which is an interactive series where people ask Charlie, from their January 2010 "Charlie the Drunk Guinea Pig" video, random questions); and "Lunchtime with Smosh," a Comedy series featuring Smosh getting and eating food from various places.

Also in early 2010, Smosh created the "iShut Up App" for Android phones as part of a Google sponsorship; it eventually made its way to the iTunes app store.

In November 2010, Anthony and Ian guest-appeared in the 35 minute film Agents of Secret Stuff, by Nigahiga.

As of August 2011, Smosh is the third most-subscribed channel on YouTube.

Anthony and Ian made a cameo in episode 3 of the popular machinima series Red vs Blue season 9.

References

External links

Category:Living people Category:American comedians Category:Comedy duos

es:Smosh (dúo) fr:Smosh it:Smosh ja:スモッシュ no:Smosh pl:Smosh fi:Smosh sv:Smosh tr:Smosh zh:Smosh

Coordinates	38°37′38″N90°11′52″N
name	Steve Jobs
birth name	Steven Paul Jobs
birth date	February 24, 1955
birth place
death date	October 05, 2011
death place
occupation	Chairman, Apple Inc.
Boards	The Walt Disney Company, Apple, Inc.
alma mater	Reed College (one semester in 1972)
networth	$8.3 billion (2011)
religion	Buddhism
spouse	Laurene Powell Jobs(m. 1991–2011; his death)
children	4
signature	Firma de Steve Jobs.svg
relatives	Mona Simpson (sister)
website	}}

Steven Paul Jobs (February 24, 1955 – October 5, 2011) was an American computer entrepreneur and inventor. He was co-founder, chairman, and chief executive officer of Apple Inc. Jobs also previously served as chief executive of Pixar Animation Studios; he became a member of the board of directors of The Walt Disney Company in 2006, following the acquisition of Pixar by Disney. He was credited in ''Toy Story'' (1995) as an executive producer.

In the late 1970s, Jobs, with Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak, Mike Markkula, and others, designed, developed, and marketed one of the first commercially successful lines of personal computers, the Apple II series. In the early 1980s, Jobs was among the first to see the commercial potential of Xerox PARC's mouse-driven graphical user interface, which led to the creation of the Macintosh. After losing a power struggle with the board of directors in 1985, Jobs resigned from Apple and founded NeXT, a computer platform development company specializing in the higher-education and business markets. Apple's subsequent 1996 buyout of NeXT brought Jobs back to the company he co-founded, and he served as its CEO from 1997 until 2011.

In 1986, he acquired the computer graphics division of Lucasfilm Ltd which was spun off as Pixar Animation Studios. He remained CEO and majority shareholder at 50.1 percent until its acquisition by The Walt Disney company in 2006. Consequently Jobs became Disney's largest individual shareholder at 7 percent and a member of Disney's Board of Directors.

On August 24, 2011, Jobs announced his resignation from his role as Apple's CEO. In his letter of resignation, Jobs strongly recommended that the Apple executive succession plan be followed and Tim Cook be named as his successor. Per his request, Jobs was appointed chairman of Apple's board of directors. On October 5, 2011, Apple announced that Jobs had died. He was 56 years old. His aim, to develop products that are both functional and elegant, had earned him a devoted following.

Early years

Jobs was born in San Francisco and was adopted by Paul and Clara Jobs (née Hagopian) of Mountain View, California. Paul and Clara later adopted a daughter, Patti. Jobs' biological parents – Abdulfattah John Jandali, a Syrian immigrant to the U.S. who later became a political science professor, and Joanne Schieble (later Simpson), an American graduate student who went on to become a speech language pathologist – eventually married. Together, they gave birth to and raised Jobs' biological sister, novelist Mona Simpson.

Jobs attended Cupertino Junior High and Homestead High School in Cupertino, California. He frequented after-school lectures at the Hewlett-Packard Company in Palo Alto, California and was later hired there, working with Steve Wozniak as a summer employee. Following high school graduation in 1972, Jobs enrolled at Reed College in Portland, Oregon. Although he dropped out after only one semester, he continued auditing classes at Reed, while sleeping on the floor in friends' rooms, returning Coke bottles for food money, and getting weekly free meals at the local Hare Krishna temple. Jobs later said, "If I had never dropped in on that single calligraphy course in college, the Mac would have never had multiple typefaces or proportionally spaced fonts."

In autumn 1974, Jobs returned to California and began attending meetings of the Homebrew Computer Club with Wozniak. He took a job as a technician at Atari, a manufacturer of popular video games, with the primary intent of saving money for a spiritual retreat to India.

Jobs then traveled to India to visit the Neem Karoli Baba at his Kainchi Ashram with a Reed College friend (and, later, the first Apple employee), Daniel Kottke, in search of spiritual enlightenment. He came back a Buddhist with his head shaved and wearing traditional Indian clothing. During this time, Jobs experimented with psychedelics, calling his LSD experiences "one of the two or three most important things [he had] done in [his] life". He later said that people around him who did not share his countercultural roots could not fully relate to his thinking.

Jobs returned to his previous job at Atari and was given the task of creating a circuit board for the game ''Breakout''. According to Atari founder Nolan Bushnell, Atari had offered $100 for each chip that was eliminated in the machine. Jobs had little interest or knowledge in circuit board design and made a deal with Wozniak to split the bonus evenly between them if Wozniak could minimize the number of chips. Much to the amazement of Atari, Wozniak reduced the number of chips by 50, a design so tight that it was impossible to reproduce on an assembly line. At the time, Jobs told Wozniak that Atari had only given them $700 (instead of the actual $5,000) and that Wozniak's share was thus $350.

Career

Beginnings of Apple Computer

In 1976, Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak and Ronald Wayne, with later funding from a then-semi-retired Intel product-marketing manager and engineer A.C. "Mike" Markkula Jr., founded Apple. Prior to co-founding Apple, Wozniak was an electronics hacker. Jobs and Wozniak had been friends for several years, having met in 1971, when their mutual friend, Bill Fernandez, introduced 21-year-old Wozniak to 16-year-old Jobs. Steve Jobs managed to interest Wozniak in assembling a computer and selling it. As Apple continued to expand, the company began looking for an experienced executive to help manage its expansion.

In 1978, Apple recruited Mike Scott from National Semiconductor to serve as CEO for what turned out to be several turbulent years. In 1983, Steve Jobs lured John Sculley away from Pepsi-Cola to serve as Apple's CEO, asking, "Do you want to sell sugar water for the rest of your life, or do you want to come with me and change the world?" The following year, Apple aired a Super Bowl television commercial titled "1984". At Apple's annual shareholders meeting on January 24, 1984, an emotional Jobs introduced the Macintosh to a wildly enthusiastic audience; Andy Hertzfeld described the scene as "pandemonium". The Macintosh became the first commercially successful small computer with a graphical user interface. The development of the Mac was started by Jef Raskin, and eventually taken over by Jobs.

While Jobs was a persuasive and charismatic director for Apple, some of his employees from that time had described him as an erratic and temperamental manager. An industry-wide sales slump towards the end of 1984 caused a deterioration in Jobs's working relationship with Sculley, and at the end of May 1985 – following an internal power struggle and an announcement of significant layoffs because of disappointing sales at the time – Sculley relieved Jobs of his duties as head of the Macintosh division. He later claimed that being fired from Apple was the best thing that could happen to him; "The heaviness of being successful was replaced by the lightness of being a beginner again, less sure about everything. It freed me to enter one of the most creative periods of my life."

NeXT Computer

Around the same time, Jobs founded another computer company, NeXT Computer. Like the Apple Lisa, the NeXT workstation was technologically advanced; however, it was largely dismissed by industry as cost-prohibitive. Among those who could afford it, however, the NeXT workstation garnered a strong following because of its technical strengths, chief among them its object-oriented software development system. Jobs marketed NeXT products to the scientific and academic fields because of the innovative, experimental new technologies it incorporated (such as the Mach kernel, the digital signal processor chip, and the built-in Ethernet port).

The NeXTcube was described by Jobs as an "interpersonal" computer, which he believed was the next step after "personal" computing. That is, if computers could allow people to communicate and collaborate together in an easy way, it would solve many of the problems that "personal" computing had come up against.

During a time when e-mail for most people was plain text, Jobs loved to demo the NeXT's e-mail system, NeXTMail, as an example of his "interpersonal" philosophy. NeXTMail was one of the first to support universally visible, clickable embedded graphics and audio within e-mail.

Jobs ran NeXT with an obsession for aesthetic perfection, as evidenced by such things as the NeXTcube's magnesium case. This put considerable strain on NeXT's hardware division, and in 1993, after having sold only 50,000 machines, NeXT transitioned fully to software development with the release of NeXTSTEP/Intel.

Pixar and Disney

In 1986, Jobs bought The Graphics Group (later renamed Pixar) from Lucasfilm's computer graphics division for the price of $10 million, $5 million of which was given to the company as capital.

The new company, which was originally based at Lucasfilm's Kerner Studios in San Rafael, California, but has since relocated to Emeryville, California, was initially intended to be a high-end graphics hardware developer. After years of unprofitability selling the Pixar Image Computer, it contracted with Disney to produce a number of computer-animated feature films, which Disney would co-finance and distribute.

The first film produced by the partnership, ''Toy Story'', brought fame and critical acclaim to the studio when it was released in 1995. Over the next 15 years, under Pixar's creative chief John Lasseter, the company would produce the box-office hits ''A Bug's Life'' (1998), ''Toy Story 2'' (1999), ''Monsters, Inc.'' (2001), ''Finding Nemo'' (2003), ''The Incredibles'' (2004), ''Cars'' (2006), ''Ratatouille'' (2007), ''WALL-E'' (2008), ''Up'' (2009) and ''Toy Story 3'' (2010). ''Finding Nemo'', ''The Incredibles'', ''Ratatouille'', ''WALL-E'', ''Up'' and ''Toy Story 3'' each received the Academy Award for Best Animated Feature, an award introduced in 2001.

In the years 2003 and 2004, as Pixar's contract with Disney was running out, Jobs and Disney chief executive Michael Eisner tried but failed to negotiate a new partnership, and in early 2004 Jobs announced that Pixar would seek a new partner to distribute its films once its contract with Disney expired.

In October 2005, Bob Iger replaced Eisner at Disney, and Iger quickly worked to patch up relations with Jobs and Pixar. On January 24, 2006, Jobs and Iger announced that Disney had agreed to purchase Pixar in an all-stock transaction worth $7.4 billion. Once the deal closed, Jobs became The Walt Disney Company's largest single shareholder with approximately 7% of the company's stock. Jobs's holdings in Disney far exceed those of Eisner, who holds 1.7%, and of Disney family member Roy E. Disney, who until his 2009 death held about 1% of the company's stock and whose criticisms of Eisner – especially that he soured Disney's relationship with Pixar – accelerated Eisner's ousting. Jobs joined the company's board of directors upon completion of the merger. Jobs also helped oversee Disney and Pixar's combined animation businesses with a seat on a special six person steering committee.

Return to Apple

In 1996, Apple announced that it would buy NeXT for $429 million. The deal was finalized in late 1996, bringing Jobs back to the company he had co-founded. Jobs became ''de facto'' chief after then-CEO Gil Amelio was ousted in July. He was formally named interim chief executive in September 1997. In March 1998, to concentrate Apple's efforts on returning to profitability, Jobs terminated a number of projects, such as Newton, Cyberdog, and OpenDoc. In the coming months, many employees developed a fear of encountering Jobs while riding in the elevator, "afraid that they might not have a job when the doors opened. The reality was that Jobs' summary executions were rare, but a handful of victims was enough to terrorize a whole company." Jobs also changed the licensing program for Macintosh clones, making it too costly for the manufacturers to continue making machines.

With the purchase of NeXT, much of the company's technology found its way into Apple products, most notably NeXTSTEP, which evolved into Mac OS X. Under Jobs's guidance the company increased sales significantly with the introduction of the iMac and other new products; since then, appealing designs and powerful branding have worked well for Apple. At the 2000 Macworld Expo, Jobs officially dropped the "interim" modifier from his title at Apple and became permanent CEO. Jobs quipped at the time that he would be using the title 'iCEO.'

The company subsequently branched out, introducing and improving upon other digital appliances. With the introduction of the iPod portable music player, iTunes digital music software, and the iTunes Store, the company made forays into consumer electronics and music distribution. On June 29, 2007, Apple entered the cellular phone business with the introduction of the iPhone, a multi-touch display cell phone, which also included the features of an iPod and, with its own mobile browser, revolutionized the mobile browsing scene. While stimulating innovation, Jobs also reminded his employees that "real artists ship", by which he meant that delivering working products on time is as important as innovation and attractive design.

Jobs was both admired and criticized for his consummate skill at persuasion and salesmanship, which has been dubbed the "reality distortion field" and was particularly evident during his keynote speeches (colloquially known as "Stevenotes") at Macworld Expos and at Apple's own Worldwide Developers Conferences.

In 2005, Jobs responded to criticism of Apple's poor recycling programs for e-waste in the U.S. by lashing out at environmental and other advocates at Apple's Annual Meeting in Cupertino in April. However, a few weeks later, Apple announced it would take back iPods for free at its retail stores. The Computer TakeBack Campaign responded by flying a banner from a plane over the Stanford University graduation at which Jobs was the commencement speaker. The banner read "Steve — Don't be a mini-player recycle all e-waste". In 2006, he further expanded Apple's recycling programs to any U.S. customer who buys a new Mac. This program includes shipping and "environmentally friendly disposal" of their old systems.

Resignation

In August 2011, Jobs resigned as CEO of Apple, but remained at the company as chairman of the company's board. Hours after the announcement, Apple Inc. (AAPL) shares dropped 5% in after-hour trading. The relatively small drop, when considering the importance of Jobs to Apple, was associated with the fact that Jobs' health had been in the news for several years, and he was on medical leave since January 2011. It was believed, according to ''Forbes'', that the impact would be felt in a negative way beyond Apple, including at The Walt Disney Company where Jobs served as director. In after-hour trading on the day of the announcement, Walt Disney Co. (DIS) shares dropped 1.5%.

Business life

Wealth

Even though Jobs earned only $1 a year as CEO of Apple, he held 5.426 million Apple shares, as well as 138 million shares in Disney (which he had received in exchange for Disney's acquisition of Pixar). ''Forbes'' estimated his net wealth at $8.3 billion in 2010, making him the 42nd wealthiest American.

Stock options backdating issue

In 2001, Steve Jobs was granted stock options in the amount of 7.5 million shares of Apple with an exercise price of $18.30, which allegedly should have been $21.10, thereby incurring taxable income of $20,000,000 that he did not report as income. This indicated backdating. Apple overstated its earnings by that same amount. If found liable, Jobs might have faced a number of criminal charges and civil penalties. Apple claimed that the options were originally granted at a special board meeting. Furthermore, the investigation is focusing on false dating of the options resulting in a retroactive $20 million increase in the exercise price. The case is the subject of active criminal and civil government investigations, though an independent internal Apple investigation completed on December 29, 2006, found that Jobs was unaware of these issues and that the options granted to him were returned without being exercised in 2003. On July 1, 2008, a $7 billion class action suit was filed against several members of the Apple Board of Directors for revenue lost due to the alleged securities fraud.

Management style

Much was made of Jobs' aggressive and demanding personality. ''Fortune'' wrote that he was "considered one of Silicon Valley's leading egomaniacs". Commentaries on his temperamental style can be found in Mike Moritz's ''The Little Kingdom'', one of the few authorized biographies of Jobs; ''The Second Coming of Steve Jobs,'' by Alan Deutschman; and ''iCon: Steve Jobs'', by Jeffrey S. Young & William L. Simon. In 1993, Jobs made Fortune's list of America's Toughest Bosses in regard to his leadership of NeXT. Cofounder Dan'l Lewin was quoted in Fortune as saying of that period, "The highs were unbelievable . . . [b]ut the lows were unimaginable," to which Jobs's office replied that his personality had changed since then.

Jef Raskin, a former colleague, once said that Jobs "would have made an excellent king of France," alluding to Jobs' compelling and larger-than-life persona.

Jobs always aspired to position Apple and its products at the forefront of the information technology industry by foreseeing and setting trends, at least in innovation and style. He summed up that self-concept at the end of his keynote speech at the Macworld Conference and Expo in January 2007 by quoting ice hockey legend Wayne Gretzky:

Floyd Norman said that at Pixar, Jobs was a "mature, mellow individual" and never interfered with the creative process of the filmmakers.

In 2005, Steve Jobs banned all books published by John Wiley & Sons from Apple Stores in response to their publishing an unauthorized biography, ''iCon: Steve Jobs''. In its 2010 annual earnings report, Wiley said it had "closed a deal ... to make its titles available for the iPad."

Inventions

Jobs is listed as either primary inventor or co-inventor in 338 US patents or patent applications related to a range of technologies from actual computer and portable devices to user interfaces (including touch-based), speakers, keyboards, power adapters, staircases, clasps, sleeves, lanyards and packages.

Philanthropy

After Bloomberg accidentally published Jobs' obituary in 2008, Arik Hesseldahl of BusinessWeek magazine noted that "Jobs isn't widely known for his association with philanthropic causes", compared to Bill Gates' efforts. After resuming control of Apple in 1997, Jobs eliminated all corporate philanthropy programs.

Personal life

Jobs married Laurene Powell, on March 18, 1991. Presiding over the wedding was the Zen Buddhist monk Kobun Chino Otogawa. The couple have a son and two daughters. Jobs also has a daughter, Lisa Brennan-Jobs (born 1978), from his relationship with Bay Area painter Chrisann Brennan. She briefly raised their daughter on welfare when Jobs denied paternity by claiming he was sterile; he later acknowledged Lisa as his daughter.

In the unauthorized biography, ''The Second Coming of Steve Jobs,'' author Alan Deutschman reports that Jobs once dated Joan Baez. Deutschman quotes Elizabeth Holmes, a friend of Jobs from his time at Reed College, as saying she "believed that Steve became the lover of Joan Baez in large measure because Baez had been the lover of Bob Dylan." In another unauthorized biography, ''iCon: Steve Jobs'' by Jeffrey S. Young & William L. Simon, the authors suggest that Jobs might have married Baez, but her age at the time (41) meant it was unlikely the couple could have children.

Jobs was also a fan of The Beatles. He referred to them on multiple occasions at Keynotes and also was interviewed on a showing of a Paul McCartney concert. When asked about his business model on ''60 Minutes'', he replied:

In 1982, Jobs bought an apartment in The San Remo, an apartment building in New York City with a politically progressive reputation, where Demi Moore, Steven Spielberg, Steve Martin, and Princess Yasmin Aga Khan, daughter of Rita Hayworth, also had apartments. With the help of I.M. Pei, Jobs spent years renovating his apartment in the top two floors of the building's north tower, only to sell it almost two decades later to U2 singer Bono. Jobs had never moved in.

In 1984, Jobs purchased a , 14-bedroom Spanish Colonial mansion, designed by George Washington Smith, in Woodside, California (also known as Jackling House). Although it reportedly remained in an almost unfurnished state, Jobs lived in the mansion for almost ten years. According to reports, he kept an old BMW motorcycle in the living room, and let Bill Clinton use it in 1998. From the early 1990s, Jobs lived in a house in the Old Palo Alto neighborhood of Palo Alto. President Clinton dined with Jobs and 14 Silicon Valley CEOs there on August 7, 1996 on a meal catered by Greens Restaurant. Clinton returned the favor and Jobs, who was a Democratic donor, slept in the Lincoln bedroom of the White House.

Jobs allowed Jackling House to fall into a state of disrepair, planning to demolish the house and build a smaller home on the property; but he met with complaints from local preservationists over his plans. In June 2004, the Woodside Town Council gave Jobs approval to demolish the mansion, on the condition that he advertise the property for a year to see if someone would move it to another location and restore it. A number of people expressed interest, including several with experience in restoring old property, but no agreements to that effect were reached. Later that same year, a local preservationist group began seeking legal action to prevent demolition. In January 2007 Jobs was denied the right to demolish the property, by a court decision. The court decision was overturned on appeal in March 2010 and the mansion was demolished beginning February 2011.

Jobs usually wore a black long-sleeved mock turtleneck made by St. Croix, Levi's 501 blue jeans, and New Balance 991 sneakers. He was a pescetarian, one whose diet includes fish but no other meat.

His car was a silver 2008 Mercedes SL 55 AMG, which does not display its license plates.

Jobs had a public war of words with Dell Computer CEO Michael Dell, starting when Jobs first criticized Dell for making "un-innovative beige boxes". On October 6, 1997, in a Gartner Symposium, when Michael Dell was asked what he would do if he owned then-troubled Apple Computer, he said "I'd shut it down and give the money back to the shareholders." In 2006, Steve Jobs sent an email to all employees when Apple's market capitalization rose above Dell's. The email read:

Illness and death

In mid-2004, Jobs announced to his employees that he had been diagnosed with a cancerous tumor in his pancreas. The prognosis for pancreatic cancer is usually very poor; Jobs, however, stated that he had a rare, far less aggressive type known as islet cell neuroendocrine tumor. After initially resisting the idea of conventional medical intervention and embarking on a special diet to thwart the disease, Jobs underwent a pancreaticoduodenectomy (or "Whipple procedure") in July 2004 that appeared to successfully remove the tumor. Jobs apparently did not require nor receive chemotherapy or radiation therapy. During Jobs' absence, Timothy D. Cook, head of worldwide sales and operations at Apple, ran the company.

In early August 2006, Jobs delivered the keynote for Apple's annual Worldwide Developers Conference. His "thin, almost gaunt" appearance and unusually "listless" delivery, together with his choice to delegate significant portions of his keynote to other presenters, inspired a flurry of media and Internet speculation about his health. In contrast, according to an ''Ars Technica'' journal report, WWDC attendees who saw Jobs in person said he "looked fine". Following the keynote, an Apple spokesperson said that "Steve's health is robust."

Two years later, similar concerns followed Jobs' 2008 WWDC keynote address. Apple officials stated Jobs was victim to a "common bug" and was taking antibiotics, while others surmised his cachectic appearance was due to the Whipple procedure. During a July conference call discussing Apple earnings, participants responded to repeated questions about Steve Jobs' health by insisting that it was a "private matter". Others, however, voiced the opinion that shareholders had a right to know more, given Jobs' hands-on approach to running his company. The ''New York Times'' published an article based on an off-the-record phone conversation with Jobs, noting that "while his health issues have amounted to a good deal more than 'a common bug,' they weren't life-threatening and he doesn't have a recurrence of cancer."

On August 28, 2008, Bloomberg mistakenly published a 2500-word obituary of Jobs in its corporate news service, containing blank spaces for his age and cause of death. (News carriers customarily stockpile up-to-date obituaries to facilitate news delivery in the event of a well-known figure's untimely death.) Although the error was promptly rectified, many news carriers and blogs reported on it, intensifying rumors concerning Jobs' health. Jobs responded at Apple's September 2008 ''Let's Rock'' keynote by quoting Mark Twain: "Reports of my death are greatly exaggerated." At a subsequent media event, Jobs concluded his presentation with a slide reading "110/70", referring to his blood pressure, stating he would not address further questions about his health.

On December 16, 2008, Apple announced that marketing vice-president Phil Schiller would deliver the company's final keynote address at the Macworld Conference and Expo 2009, again reviving questions about Jobs' health. In a statement given on January 5, 2009 on Apple.com, Jobs said that he had been suffering from a "hormone imbalance" for several months. On January 14, 2009, in an internal Apple memo, Jobs wrote that in the previous week he had "learned that my health-related issues are more complex than I originally thought" and announced a six-month leave of absence until the end of June 2009 to allow him to better focus on his health. Tim Cook, who had previously acted as CEO in Jobs' 2004 absence, became acting CEO of Apple, with Jobs still involved with "major strategic decisions."

In April 2009, Jobs underwent a liver transplant at Methodist University Hospital Transplant Institute in Memphis, Tennessee. Jobs' prognosis was "excellent".

On January 17, 2011, a year and a half after Jobs returned from his liver transplant, Apple announced that he had been granted a medical leave of absence. Jobs announced his leave in a letter to employees, stating his decision was made "so he could focus on his health". As during his 2009 medical leave, Apple announced that Tim Cook would run day-to-day operations and that Jobs would continue to be involved in major strategic decisions at the company. Despite the leave, he made appearances at the iPad 2 launch event (March 2), the WWDC keynote introducing iCloud (June 6), and before the Cupertino city council (June 7).

Jobs announced his resignation from his role as Apple's CEO on August 24, 2011. In his resignation letter, Jobs wrote that he could "no longer meet [his] duties and expectations as Apple's CEO".

On October 5, 2011, his family, in a statement, said Jobs "died peacefully today surrounded by his family . . ."

Apple released a separate statement saying that Jobs had died. The statement read "We are deeply saddened to announce that Steve Jobs passed away today. Steve's brilliance, passion and energy were the source of countless innovations that enrich and improve all of our lives. The world is immeasurably better because of Steve. His greatest love was for his wife, Laurene, and his family. Our hearts go out to them and to all who were touched by his extraordinary gifts."

Also on October 5, 2011, Apple's corporate website greeted visitors with a simple page showing Jobs's name and lifespan next to his greyscale portrait. Clicking on Jobs's image led to an obituary that read "Apple has lost a visionary and creative genius, and the world has lost an amazing human being. Those of us who have been fortunate enough to know and work with Steve have lost a dear friend and an inspiring mentor. Steve leaves behind a company that only he could have built, and his spirit will forever be the foundation of Apple." An email address was also posted for the public to share their memories, condolences, and thoughts.

Jobs is survived by his wife, Laurene, to whom he was married for 20 years, their three children, and a fourth child, Lisa Brennan-Jobs, from a previous relationship.

Statements on Jobs' death

Statements reacting to Jobs' death were released by notable people in the US, including U.S. President Barack Obama, Microsoft founder Bill Gates, Walt Disney Company's Bob Iger, and Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg. Wired collected reactions and posted them in tribute on their homepage.

Excerpts from President Barack Obama's statement:

Steve was among the greatest of American innovators - brave enough to think differently, bold enough to believe he could change the world, and talented enough to do it. By building one of the planet’s most successful companies from his garage, he exemplified the spirit of American ingenuity. By making computers personal and putting the internet in our pockets, he made the information revolution not only accessible, but intuitive and fun. And by turning his talents to storytelling, he has brought joy to millions of children and grownups alike. Steve was fond of saying that he lived every day like it was his last. Because he did, he transformed our lives, redefined entire industries, and achieved one of the rarest feats in human history: he changed the way each of us sees the world.

Bill Gates released a statement saying:

I'm truly saddened to learn of Steve Jobs' death. Melinda and I extend our sincere condolences to his family and friends, and to everyone Steve has touched through his work. Steve and I first met nearly 30 years ago, and have been colleagues, competitors and friends over the course of more than half our lives. The world rarely sees someone who has had the profound impact Steve has had, the effects of which will be felt for many generations to come. For those of us lucky enough to get to work with him, it's been an insanely great honor. I will miss Steve immensely.

Walt Disney Company president Bob Iger said in regards to Jobs:

Steve Jobs was a great friend as well as a trusted advisor. His legacy will extend far beyond the products he created or the businesses he built. It will be the millions of people he inspired, the lives he changed, and the culture he defined. Steve was such an "original," with a thoroughly creative, imaginative mind that defined an era. Despite all he accomplished, it feels like he was just getting started. With his passing the world has lost a rare original, Disney has lost a member of our family, and I have lost a great friend. Our thoughts and prayers are with his wife Laurene and his children during this difficult time.

Mark Zuckerberg wrote on his Facebook page:

Steve, thank you for being a mentor and a friend. Thanks for showing that what you build can change the world. I will miss you.

American director Steven Spielberg said: "Steve Jobs was the greatest inventor since Thomas Edison. He put the world at our fingertips."

Microsoft Co-founder Paul Allen said: "We've lost a unique tech pioneer and auteur who knew how to make amazingly great products. Steve fought a long battle against tough odds in a very brave way. He kept doing amazing things in the face of all that adversity. As someone who has had his own medical challenges, I couldn't help but be encouraged by how he persevered."

Apple Co-founder Steve Wozniak said : "People sometimes have goals in life. Steve Jobs exceeded every goal he set himself."

Honors

Jobs was awarded the National Medal of Technology by President Ronald Reagan in 1984 with Steve Wozniak (among the first people to ever receive the honor), and a Jefferson Award for Public Service in the category "Greatest Public Service by an Individual 35 Years or Under" (a.k.a. the ''Samuel S. Beard Award'') in 1987. On November 27, 2007, Jobs was named the most powerful person in business by ''Fortune Magazine''. On December 5, 2007, California Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger and First Lady Maria Shriver inducted Jobs into the California Hall of Fame, located at The California Museum for History, Women and the Arts.

In August 2009, Jobs was selected as the most admired entrepreneur among teenagers in a survey by Junior Achievement. On November 5, 2009, Jobs was named the CEO of the decade by ''Fortune Magazine''. In September 2011, Jobs was ranked No.17 on Forbes: The World's Most Powerful People. In December 2010, the ''Financial Times'' named Jobs its person of the year for 2010, ending its essay by stating, "In his autobiography, John Sculley, the former PepsiCo executive who once ran Apple, said this of the ambitions of the man he had pushed out: 'Apple was supposed to become a wonderful consumer products company. This was a lunatic plan. High-tech could not be designed and sold as a consumer product.' How wrong can you be".

In popular culture

Due to his youth, great wealth, and charisma, after Apple's founding Jobs became a symbol of his company and industry. When ''Time'' named the computer as the 1982 "Machine of the Year", it published a long profile of him as "the most famous maestro of the micro". In 2011 Jobs was voted Best Business Entrepreneur On Earth. Jobs was prominently featured in four productions about the history of the personal computing industry:

''Triumph of the Nerds'' – a 1996 three-part documentary for PBS, about the rise of the home computer/personal computer.

''Nerds 2.0.1'' – a 1998 three-part documentary for PBS, (and sequel to ''Triumph of the Nerds'') which chronicles the development of the Internet.

''Pirates of Silicon Valley'' – a 1999 docudrama which chronicles the rise of Apple and Microsoft. He was portrayed by Noah Wyle.

''The Machine that Changed the World (1992)'' – Part 3 of this 5 part documentary, called ''The Paperback Computer'', prominently featured Jobs and his role in the early days of Apple.

After his resignation as Apple's CEO, Jobs was characterized as the Thomas Edison and Henry Ford of his time.

Notes

References

Bantam Doubleday Dell. ISBN 0-385-48684-7. Chapter 28

External links

Steve Jobs' executive profile at Apple.

YouTube video of first Jobs' Macworld keynote in 1997, when he returned to Apple, where he announced partnership with Microsoft.

Jobs's commencement address at Stanford University, June 12, 2005 (YouTube video).

"Thoughts on Music" by Steve Jobs, February 6, 2007.

"Thoughts on Flash" by Steve Jobs, April, 2010.

Bloomberg Game Changers: Steve Jobs A 48 minute video on Steve Jobs by Bloomberg

Profile at ''Forbes''

Articles

"Thirty Years of Innovation at Apple: Jobs on the Job". ''Time''. 2007.

Anecdotes from Steve Jobs' early days in Apple as reported by Andy Hertzfeld. Folklore.org.

Interviews

Steve Jobs in 1994: The Rolling Stone Interview, ''Rolling Stone'' – 1994, republished January 17, 2011. Archived URL

 — April 20, 1995.

The Seed of Apple's Innovation, ''BusinessWeek'' — October 12, 2004.

How Big Can Apple Get?, ''Fortune'' — February 21, 2005.

, ''Newsweek'' — October 15, 2006.

Bill Gates and Steve Jobs (video and transcript of on stage interview), ''All Things D'' – May 30, 2007.

Videotaped Deposition of Steven P. Jobs in front of the Securities and Exchange Commission  – March 18, 2008

Interview with Abdulfattah "John" Jandali, Job's biological father, by Mohannad Al-Haj Ali, published in ''Al Hayat'' ''Ya Liban'', February 28, 2011

Category:1955 births Category:2011 deaths Category:American adoptees Category:American billionaires Category:American chief executives Category:American people of Syrian descent Category:American Zen Buddhists Category:Apple Inc. employees Category:Articles with inconsistent citation formats Category:Businesspeople from California Category:Businesspeople in software Category:Computer designers Category:Computer pioneers Category:Disney people Category:Internet pioneers Category:National Medal of Technology recipients Category:NeXT Category:Organ transplant recipients Category:People from the San Francisco Bay Area Category:Pescetarians Category:Reed College alumni

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Rémi Gaillard (born 7 February 1975 in Montpellier, Hérault, France) is a French humorist who uploads videos on YouTube. After losing his job at a shoe store, Rémi then began to use his free time to have fun and run some pranks on the public. He is the 18# most subscribed comedian on YouTube.

Gaillard gained attention in the French media after performing a well-documented series of pranks, including an appearance disguised as a Lorient football player in the ''2002 Coupe de France'' final match, during which he took part in the winners' celebrations and was greeted by the then president of the French Republic, Jacques Chirac. He is also an amateur football player and has posted videos of his skills.

Gaillard has appeared in several sport events, TV game shows and political rallies.

Concept

Gaillard became famous for his videos where he displays an "outrageous" style of humour, questioning public norms:

stealing someone's lottery ticket and appearing to have won;

dressed as a sheep, laying funeral flowers in front of roasting sheep;

transforming a roundabout into a roofless home;

many challenges to rigid conventions, by perturbing

* the old-aged public of ''Countdown'',

* the well-ordered behaviour of tennis exhibition matches,

* the police.

The majority of Gaillard's stunts have resulted in prison sentences for the comedian.

His videos were mostly posted on Stage 6. After this did not pick up he posted them on his YouTube channel. In most, Gaillard plays pranks on other people and TV shows.

Gaillard's motto is ''C'est en faisant n'importe quoi qu'on devient n'importe qui'' ("It's by doing whatever, that one becomes whoever.").

Most of Gaillard's videos are shot by his friend Grégory Laffargue.

Sketches

The majority of Gaillard's sketches are of the hidden camera type, in which the antagonist performs an unexpected or surprising action to elicit humorous responses from the bewildered witnesses. Gaillard often disguises himself in outlandish costumes for the pranks. During some pranks, Gaillard is accompanied by a crowd of friends, giving the action a flashmob-like nature. Some other videos may feature acrobatics like aiming footballs at distant goal-like objects, or more still aim to antagonize police forces he interacts with during his sketches.

Gaillard shot his first sketch in 1999 with a friend in Montpellier. In 2001, he created an internet website, nimportequi.com.

He gained notoriety in 2002 at the finals of the Coupe de France. Disguised as an FC Lorient player, he celebrated the team's victory with the players, shook the hand of the then French President Jacques Chirac and signed autographs, without anyone realizing that he was not a player on the team.

Some of his most famous sketches are parodies of the Rocky Balboa movies, Pac Man, Mario Kart, and his football videos.

He often dresses up in large animal costumes. Pig, dog, cat, turtle, snail, bee, shark, kangaroo, spider, beaver, fly, gorilla, chicken, penguin, giraffe, rabbit, butterfly and sheep have all been used in pranks.

In 2007, he gained the attention of journalists from Le Monde and was invited on a few talk shows..

On his official site, Gaillard claims over 1.1 billion views on his videos on the web.

Gaillard also appeared in Orangina, Pepsi, Durex and LG commercials.

References

External links

Gaillard's Dailymotion channel

Category:1975 births Category:People from Montpellier Category:Living people Category:French humorists Category:Pranksters

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Florence Foresti (born November 8, 1973 in Vénissieux, Rhône) is a French comedian and actress.

Background

Following her high school studies in literature, theatre and dramatic expression at Saint-Just de Lyon, Florence Foresti entered a school for cinematography at Lyon. After her studies, she appeared in the French television show Thalassa.

At 20, Florence enrolled in a course in classical theatre at Lyon, which she quit after just two days. She had a few other jobs, including working for EDF in Lyon, before finally becoming a computer graphics artist. But she didn't give up on her artistic ambitions, and in 1998 made her début at the café-théâtre ''Le nOmbril du mOnde'' ("The navel of the world"), as part of an all woman trio ''Les Taupes Models'' (a pun between French "Model Moles" and English "Top Models") with Céline Ianucci and Cécile Giroud, while simultaneously working as a computer graphics artist. The trio was noticed while touring and Anne Roumanoff proposed to make the act the first part of her show. Florence Foresti's career was launched.

In 2001 her first one woman show, ''Manquerait plus qu'elle soit drôle'' ("The only thing missing is that she be funny") won the Jury prize at the Antibes festival. Her style bears comparison with that of Muriel Robin and Sylvie Joly, as well as with some of the 'attitude' and voices of Dieudonné M'bala M'bala and Élie Semoun. She appeared in the Stéphane Bern programme ''20h 10 pétantes'', and then on Laurent Ruquier's ''On a tout essayé'', playing zany characters.

In 2009 she staged her show ''MotherFucker.'' She explained the Anglo-Saxon directness of the title in an interview with ''Paris Match'': "I asked myself, can one remain a woman, while still being a full-time mother? This question affected me so much that I dubbed my show ''MotherFucker''. And it's a nod to Madonna, my idol. After the birth of her daughter, Lourdes, she appeared in a T-shirt with the word ''Mother'' on the front, ''Fucker'' on the back. It's so clever, this way of playing with her image, her private life and her playing with words. I stole this."

References

External links

Lenombrildumonde.com

Category:1973 births Category:Living people Category:People from Vénissieux Category:French actors Category:French people of Italian descent

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