network name	UPNUnited Paramount Network
network logo
country	United States
network type	Defunct broadcast television network
available	United States, Canada
owner	Chris-Craft Television (1995-1996)Chris-Craft Television/Viacom (1996-2000)Viacom (2000-2006)CBS Corporation (2006)
launch date	January 16, 1995
closure date	September 15, 2006
founder	United Television & Paramount Pictures
replaced by names	The CW Television Network }}

United Paramount Network (UPN) was a television network that was broadcast in over 200 markets in the United States from 1995 to 2006. UPN was originally owned by Viacom/Paramount and Chris-Craft Industries, the former of which through the Paramount Television Group produced most of the network's series. It was later owned by CBS Corporation. Its first night of broadcasting was on January 16, 1995. UPN shut down on September 15, 2006, and merged with The WB, which was shut down two days later, to form The CW Television Network.

History

Origins (1949–1993)

Paramount Pictures (the "P" in UPN) has played a pivotal role in the development of network television; it was a partner in the DuMont Television Network, and the Paramount Theaters chain, spun off from the corporate/studio parent, was an early, important component of the ABC television network's survival in the 1950s. The Paramount Television Network was launched in 1949, but dissolved in the 1950s.

In the wake of the successful Universal Studios ''ad hoc'' syndicated package ''Operation Prime Time'', which featured first a miniseries adaptation of John Jakes' novel ''The Bastard'' and went on to several more productions, Paramount had earlier contemplated its own television network with the Paramount Television Service. Set to launch in early 1978, its programming would have consisted of only one night a week. Thirty "Movies of the Week" would have followed ''Star Trek: Phase II'' on Saturday nights. Plans for the new network were scrapped when sufficient advertising slots could not be sold, though Paramount would contribute some programs to ''Operation Prime Time'', such as the mini-series ''A Woman Called Golda'', and the weekly pop music program, ''Solid Gold''. ''Star Trek: Phase II'' went into production as ''Star Trek: The Motion Picture'', absorbing the costs already incurred of the aborted television series.

Paramount, and its eventual parent Viacom, did not try to forget about the possibility. Independent stations, even more than network affiliates, were feeling the growing pressure of audience erosion to cable television in the 1980s and 1990s, and there were unaffiliated commercial stations in most of the major markets, at least, even after the foundation of Fox in 1986. Meanwhile, Paramount, long successful in syndication with repeats of ''Star Trek'', found itself with several first-run syndicated series by the turn of the 1990s, in ''Entertainment Tonight'', ''The Arsenio Hall Show'', ''Friday the 13th: The Series'', ''War of the Worlds'', ''Star Trek: The Next Generation'', and ''Star Trek: Deep Space Nine''.

In 1993, Warner Bros. and Chris-Craft Industries went into a joint venture to distribute programming via a prime time programming block, which grew into its own network, the Prime Time Entertainment Network (PTEN). PTEN can be seen as the ancestor of what would become UPN and The WB, since Chris-Craft later became a partner in UPN, while Warner Bros. launched The WB, at roughly the same time (which slowly eroded PTEN into a mere programming block that was eventually cancelled in 1997), before both merged to form The CW Television Network in September 2006.

Launch (1994–2000)

Paramount had formed Paramount Stations Group when it purchased the TVX Group, which owned several independent stations in major markets. This was not unlike of the purchase of the Metromedia stations by News Corporation 10 years earlier, which were used as the nuclei for Fox. In another parallel, 20th Century Fox had long been a powerhouse in television syndication. All indicators suggested that Paramount was about to launch a network of its own. In late 1994, Paramount announced formation of the United Paramount Network. The new network was a joint venture between Paramount and Chris-Craft Industries. The "U" in UPN came from United Television, a Chris-Craft subsidiary. Both companies owned independent stations in several large cities in the United States. The new network launched on January 16, 1995; less than a year earlier, Paramount had been bought by Viacom.

To promote its launch of UPN, on January 16, a promo was aired on independent stations when they would become UPN affiliates, beginning around December 1994. The promo featured a bride, opera singers, and a rock composer composing the drums. To promote this, images of Paramount Television programming through the years such as ''Laverne & Shirley'', ''Taxi'', and ''L&S;'' parent series ''Happy Days'' (all of which aired on ABC, which once had a strong working relationship with Paramount Television) with the lyrics: "Meet the 30 years of television right there on the screen, comedy and drama's different years". Then a narrator would talk about new shows on the then-new television network. It ends with that same person saying "What more do you need to know? Coming January 16, look for it.".

The first telecast, the two-hour pilot of ''Star Trek: Voyager'', was an auspiciously widely viewed start; however, ''Voyager'' would never achieve such viewership levels again, nor would any of the series debuting on UPN's second night of broadcasting survive the season. In contrast, The WB debuted one week earlier, on January 11, with four series, only one of which, ''Muscle'', would not survive its first season. The first comedy shows to debut were ''Platypus Man'', starring Richard Jeni, and ''Pig Sty'', with both shows airing Monday nights in the 9:00 PM hour. Both received mixed reviews and neither lasted long. Other early UPN programs included the action show ''Nowhere Man'' starring Bruce Greenwood, the action show ''Marker'' starring Richard Grieco, the comic western ''Legend'' starring Richard Dean Anderson (a veteran of Paramount's ''MacGyver''), the science-fiction themed action show, ''The Sentinel'', and ''Moesha'', a sitcom starring Brandy Norwood. Of the network's early offerings, only ''Star Trek: Voyager'', ''Moesha'', and ''The Sentinel'' would last longer than one season.

Viacom era and decline (2000–2006)

In 2000, Viacom bought Chris-Craft's share stake to gain 100 percent control of the venture. Shortly afterward, Viacom dropped the "United" name for its new network, opting to change the official corporate name to the three-letter initials, "UPN". Viacom also aimed to relaunch UPN as Paramount Network, using a logo based on the famous Paramount Pictures mountain logo and the "P" triangle of the UPN logo, which already stood for Paramount, as the new network logo. This idea was abandoned after many affiliates protested, citing that the new branding might cause confusion and erode viewership. A few months before, Viacom bought CBS, thus creating CBS-UPN duopolies in Philadelphia (KYW-TV and WPSG), Boston (WBZ-TV and WSBK-TV), Miami (WFOR-TV and WBFS-TV), Dallas/Fort Worth (KTVT and KTXA), Detroit (WWJ-TV and WKBD-TV), and Pittsburgh (KDKA-TV and WNPA). It is said that Viacom's purchase of CBS was the "death knell" for the FCC's "no duopolies at all rule". Further transactions added San Francisco (KPIX-TV and KBHK), which was traded to Viacom/CBS by Fox, and Sacramento (KOVR and KMAX-TV) to the mix.

At the time of UPN's launch, the network's flagship station was WWOR-TV in New York City, owned by Chris-Craft. Even after Chris-Craft sold its share of the network to Viacom, WWOR was still commonly regarded as the flagship station since it had long been common practice to accord this status to a network's New York station. For this reason, some cast doubt on UPN's future after Fox bought most of Chris-Craft's television holdings. Several UPN stations were part of the deal, including WWOR and West Coast flagship KCOP-TV in Los Angeles. Fox later bought the third-largest UPN affiliate, WPWR-TV in Chicago. After Chris-Craft sold its stake in UPN, the network's largest owned-and-operated station was WPSG in Philadelphia.

In 2001, UPN acquired ''Buffy the Vampire Slayer'' and ''Roswell'' for their final seasons from network rival The WB in a public bidding war between the two with producing studio 20th Century Fox Television. UPN eventually outbid The WB for the shows and aired them together on Tuesday nights until ''Roswell'' ended its run in 2002 and ''Buffy'' the following year in 2003. New shows began to breathe life into the network starting in fall 2003 with ''America's Next Top Model'' and Will Smith's ''All of Us'', in fall 2004 with ''Veronica Mars'', and in fall 2005 with Chris Rock's ''Everybody Hates Chris''.

When Viacom split into two companies at the end of 2005, its over-the-air broadcasting interests, including UPN, became part of CBS Corporation.

UPN quietly went off the air on September 15, 2006; ''WWE SmackDown'' was the last official program (although some affiliates aired the optional weekend encore block), ending its existence after 11 years. However, UPN affiliates owned by Fox Television Stations Group ended all ties to the network on August 31, 2006. Before that, within days of the new network's announcement, Fox-owned UPN affiliates stopped using the UPN branding and dropped all advertisement for UPN. As a result UPN did not air its last two weeks of programming in New York City, Los Angeles, Chicago and six other media markets in which Fox owned the UPN station, also due in part to then upstart Fox owned MyNetworkTV, which was set to debut September 5, 2006 on those stations. With the exception of ''WWE SmackDown'', all programming during the final three months were reruns. ''SmackDown!'', however, was aired in those markets on WB stations owned by Tribune, which have since become CW stations.

After the network's official closure, UPN's website was redirected to The CW website, and then CBS's website.

Executive management

Lucie Salhany was the first CEO, from the network's launch in 1995 until 1997.

Michael Sullivan was the first President, Entertainment from 1994 to 1997

Dean Valentine was CEO from 1997 to 2001.

Tom Nunan was President, Entertainment from 1997 to 2001.

Adam Ware was Chief Operating Officer from 1999 to 2002.

Dawn Ostroff was President, Entertainment from 2002 to 2006.

Availability

Although it was considered a major network by the Nielsen ratings, UPN was not available in all areas of the United States. In some areas, UPN programming was shown off-pattern by affiliates of other networks or by otherwise independent stations, such as in the case of KIKU-TV in Honolulu, Hawaii. Some affiliates were also known to extensively preempt network programming in order to broadcast local sporting events. These factors led to the network struggling in the ratings over the past few years, with its most recent ''Star Trek'' franchise, ''Star Trek: Enterprise'', perhaps suffering the most and ultimately being cancelled by the network in a controversial decision in February 2005. The most consistent ratings performer for the network was ''WWE SmackDown''. In the 2004-2005 season, the network was getting consistently better ratings than The WB, much of this thanks to WWE.

It was estimated in 2003 that UPN was viewable by 85.98% of all households, reaching 91,689,290 houses in the United States. In contrast, The WB was viewable in 91.66% of homes. This is mainly because The WB had The WB 100+ Station Group, of group of cable-only stations in markets below the top 100, and UPN did not have such a service. Despite this, WNFM-TV in Southwest Florida became a UPN affiliate in 1998. UPN had approximately 143 full-power owned-and-operated or primary affiliate stations in the U.S. and another 65 stations aired some UPN programming as secondary affiliates.

Programming

Most of UPN's programming through the years was produced by Paramount Television or a sister company (such as Viacom Productions, Spelling Television, or CBS Productions).

The first official UPN network programming was the series ''Star Trek: Voyager''. The first comedy shows to debut were ''Platypus Man'', starring Richard Jeni, and ''Pig Sty'', with both shows airing Monday nights in the 9 PM hour. Both received mixed reviews and neither lasted long. Other early UPN programs included the action show ''Nowhere Man'' starring Bruce Greenwood, the action show ''Marker'' starring Richard Grieco, ''The Watcher'' featuring Sir Mix-a-Lot as an omniscient narrator, the comic western ''Legend'' starring Richard Dean Anderson, the science-fiction themed action show, ''The Sentinel'', and ''Moesha'', a sitcom starring Brandy Norwood. Of the network's first few seasons, only ''Star Trek: Voyager'', ''Moesha'', and ''The Sentinel'' would last longer than one season.

UPN bought ''Buffy the Vampire Slayer'' from 20th Century Fox in 2001 when The WB chose not to renew it when the license fees skyrocketed. ''Buffy'' continued on UPN for two more seasons.

UPN also bought the rights to broadcast television shows ''Clueless'' (formerly on ABC), ''The Hughleys'' (formerly on ABC), and ''Roswell'' (formerly on The WB). The former show was produced by Paramount Television, while the latter two were produced by 20th Century Fox Television.

After ''Voyager''s 7-season run came to an end, UPN began broadcasting the newest ''Star Trek'' spin-off, ''Star Trek: Enterprise''.

The network also produced some special programs, including the ''Iron Chef USA'' program during Christmas 2001. UPN also showed WWE's ''SmackDown!'' show, ''America's Next Top Model'', ''Girlfriends'', ''The Parkers'' (a spin-off from ''Moesha''), ''Veronica Mars'', and ''Everybody Hates Chris''. In the summer of 2005, UPN aired ''R U the Girl'', in which R&B; group TLC searched for a woman to join them on a new song.

In its later years, as part of the network's desire to maintain its own unique identity with its own unique shows, UPN had a policy of "not picking up other networks' scraps", which was a strong argument when fan pressure was generated in 2004 for them to pick up ''Angel'', the spin-off of ''Buffy the Vampire Slayer'' which had been dropped from The WB.

UPN aired only one regular network sports event program: the much-hyped XFL in 2001, as part of a package from co-creator Vince McMahon which also included what was then ''WWF SmackDown!'' UPN had planned to air a second season of XFL in 2002, but it also demanded a reduction in the airtime of ''SmackDown!'' by 30 minutes. McMahon did not agree to the change and the XFL folded just after that.

Like The WB, UPN never aired a national newscast.

Children's programming

In its last three seasons, UPN was one of only two of the major broadcast networks (Pax TV (now Ion Television) was the other) not to air a children's programming block on weekend mornings. When UPN launched in 1995, the station aired cartoons on weekends; the lineup was known as UPN Kids. In 1998, UPN went a different way with its children's program block by airing reruns of the syndicated ''Sweet Valley High'', The Berenstain Bears and a new series, ''Breaker High'' on weekdays and weekends aiming the programs at teenagers. As opposed to ABC, NBC, CBS, Fox and WB stations, some UPN affiliates aired the weekend children's program block on Sunday mornings instead of Saturdays.

In 1999, UPN made a deal with Disney to air select programming from ABC's ''Disney's One Saturday Morning'' block (now ABC Kids) in place of the teen series. The new lineup would be called ''Disney's One Too''. ''Recess'' and ''Sabrina, the Animated Series'' were among the programming on the original lineup. Many UPN affiliates were already airing the syndicated Disney Afternoon block anyway. The Disney cartoons therefore were no longer syndicated but now aired on UPN stations. The block was reinstated to two hours. In some markets it ran weekday mornings, while in other markets it aired weekday afternoons. In 2002, ''Digimon: Digital Monsters'' moved to the lineup from Fox Kids. This was due to Disney's acquisition of Fox's children's programming department (then known as Jetix until 2009, now known as Disney XD) as well as the Fox Family Channel, now renamed ABC Family.

After eight years of airing children's programming, UPN dropped out of the kids program business in September 2003 when Disney's contract with UPN came to an end. Reasons included U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) restrictions on quantity of advertising on children's programs, the content of such advertising, the fact syndicators were moving their most popular product to cable only, and the growth of cable channels directed at children (which have fewer advertising restrictions). As of January 2006, UPN had no plans of returning kids programming to the network, but it became a moot point due to its merger with The WB creating The CW. When The CW launched, they carried over the Kids' WB (now Toonzai) Saturday morning lineup from The WB.

Some Fox stations decided to carry over Fox's 4kids.tv block to a UPN, WB, or independent station, so the Fox affiliate could air general entertainment or local news programming on Saturday mornings. WFLD Fox 32 in Chicago, for example, moved the 4Kids TV schedule to co-owned UPN (now MyNetworkTV) affiliate WPWR-TV Channel 50, while Channel 32 airs news and different children's programming in place of the shows. Also, some UPN stations aired a block of cartoon programming from DIC Entertainment (such as ''Trollz'' and ''Sherlock Holmes in the 22nd Century'') which was designed to meet the minimal three hours of E/I programming required by the FCC, and usually airs either six days a week for a half-hour each day, or in three hour-long blocks throughout the week.

Television movies

During the late 1990s, UPN produced a number of television movies branded "Blockbuster Shockwave Cinema," in conjunction with sponsor (and sister company) Blockbuster Video. Almost all were science fiction films.

From UPN's inception until 2000, the network also offered a hosted movie series called the ''UPN Movie Trailer'' to their stations. The show featured mostly older Hollywood action and comedy films, often those made by Paramount Pictures. ''Movie Trailer'' was discontinued in 2000 to give stations that opted for them room for a second weekend run of ''Star Trek: Enterprise'' and ''America's Next Top Model'' (and later, ''Veronica Mars''). There were also three Paramount-branded blocks on the company's owned-and-operated stations ("O&Os;") only: Paramount Teleplex as the main brand for movies at any given timeslot, Paramount Prime Movie for primetime features, and the Paramount Late Movie on late nights.

Shows that almost aired on UPN

According to Simon Cowell's biography and Bill Carter's book ''Desperate Networks'', UPN was offered ''American Idol'' before FOX and turned it down.

As part of the contract for picking up ''Buffy the Vampire Slayer'', UPN was obligated to pick up ''Angel'' if it was cancelled by The WB while UPN was still airing ''Buffy''. However, ''Angel'' was axed by The WB the year after ''Buffy'' went off UPN. Despite a large fan campaign, UPN declined to pick up the show.

''Firefly'' was offered to UPN after being cancelled, but was declined. ''Malcolm in the Middle'' was originally developed for UPN before being picked up by FOX.

''Talkshow with Spike Feresten'' was reportedly to air on UPN; it debuted on FOX one day after UPN's closure.

According to The TV IV, nine new scripts for the third season of ''The Critic'' were written for UPN.

Station standardization

When it was launched, UPN began having most of its stations branded as "UPN" or "Paramount," then the channel number, with the call signs nearby. By the late 1990s, the call signs were minimized to be just barely readable to meet FCC requirements, and the stations were simply known as "UPN", then channel number or city (e.g., WPWR-TV in Chicago had been referred to as "UPN Chicago" and WWOR-TV in New York was referred to as "UPN 9" until The CW merger was announced in late January 2006). But most UPN O&Os; under CBS branded it by network and city according to the CBS Mandate. For example, KBCW in San Francisco was branded "UPN Bay Area," WKBD in Detroit was branded "UPN Detroit" and WUPL in New Orleans was branded "UPN New Orleans."

However, that didn't always apply, as WSBK-TV in Boston was branded "UPN 38" and KMAX-TV in Sacramento was branded "UPN 31," for example. WPCW Channel 19 in Pittsburgh (formerly WNPA) originally branded itself as "UPN 19", but changed over to "UPN Pittsburgh" soon after the UPN logo change, making it one of the few that had carried both standardization styles. Many non-O&O; UPN affiliates followed the same branding scheme; for example KFVE in Honolulu, during its UPN affiliation, used the brand "UPN Hawaii".

This would be a continuation of the trend for networks to do such naming schemes, originated at Fox (and even earlier at CBC in Canada), especially at CBS, who uses the CBS Mandate on almost all of their O&O; stations. The WB, NBC and ABC also do similar naming schemes, but not to that extreme.

However, while the traditional "Big Three" don't require their affiliates to have such naming schemes (though some affiliates choose to adopt it anyway) and only on their O&O;'s is the style required, UPN mandated it on all stations (as Fox currently does), though The WB did not. In one case, though, WCGV in Milwaukee branded as ''Channel 24'' from 1998-2001 with no UPN imagery. The station had disaffiliated from the network in 1998 for eight months (previously it was "UPN 24") in a compensation dispute.

See also

The CW Television Network

List of programs broadcast by UPN

List of United States over-the-air television networks

List of former UPN affiliates

Weekday cartoon

2006 United States broadcast TV realignment

UPN Kids

Notes

External links

The Evolution of UPN, WB, Fox, PBS, and PAX

An ad promoting UPN on RetroJunk.com

Category:The CW Television Network Category:CBS Corporation subsidiaries Category:Television channels and stations established in 1995 Category:Television channels and stations disestablished in 2006 Category:Defunct American television networks Category:Joint ventures

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name	Kate Mulgrew
birth name	Katherine Kiernan Maria Mulgrew
birth date	April 29, 1955
birth place	Dubuque, Iowa, U.S.
spouse	Robert H. Egan(1982–1993) Tim Hagan (1999 - present)
website	http://www.totallykate.com }}

Katherine Kiernan Maria "Kate" Mulgrew (born April 29, 1955) is an American actress, most famous for her roles on ''Star Trek: Voyager'' as Captain Kathryn Janeway and ''Ryan's Hope'' as Mary Ryan. She has performed in multiple television shows, theatre productions and movies, she has also earned multiple awards for her acting, including an Obie Award, a Golden Satellite Award and a Saturn Award. She has also been nominated for a Golden Globe Award. She is also an active member of the Alzheimer's Association National Advisory Council and the voice of Cleveland's Metro Health System.

Early life

Mulgrew was born in 1955 in Dubuque, Iowa, to Thomas James "T.J." Mulgrew II, a contractor, and Joan Virginia Mulgrew (née Kiernan), an artist and painter, both Catholics of Irish descent. Kate Mulgrew is the second oldest of eight siblings. She attended Wahlert High School in Dubuque. Aged 17, she was accepted at the Stella Adler Conservatory of Acting in conjunction with New York University in New York City. Mulgrew left NYU after one year.

Career

Her early career included portraying Mary Ryan for two years on the ABC soap ''Ryan's Hope'' (1975) She became a fan favorite and is still associated with the show long after its cancellation. Mulgrew remains friends with former co-star Ilene Kristen and presented a special Soap Opera Digest Award to ''Ryan's Hope'' creator Claire Labine in 1995. While in ''Ryan's Hope'' she also played the role of "Emily" in the American Shakespeare Theatre production of ''Our Town'' in Stratford, Connecticut. In 1979, she began playing Kate Columbo in ''Mrs. Columbo'', a series created specifically for her. In 1986, she appeared on Cheers as Janet Eldridge. In 1993, Mulgrew separated from her husband, Robert H. Egan, to whom she had been married for 12 years. In 1995, the divorce became final, and she was on the verge of having to sell her house and move into an apartment in Westwood when she was called to take the part of Captain Kathryn Janeway in ''Star Trek: Voyager''. Mulgrew made history in the ''Star Trek'' franchise when she became the first female captain as a series regular in a leading role. ''Voyager'' was the first show broadcast on the new UPN channel and also the only television show on UPN to run for seven seasons, making it the network's longest running show, and the only show left over from its first year. Mulgrew won the Saturn Award for "Best TV Actress" in 1998 for her performances as Janeway. Mulgrew also voiced the character of Janeway in the PS2 and PC game ''Star Trek: Voyager - Elite Force'' and ''Star Trek: Voyager - Elite Force 2''. In recent years, Mulgrew kept active in doing voice-over work for video games, her latest roles were of Flemeth in the ''Dragon Age'' video game series.

During ''Voyager'' she also played the role of Titania in the animated series, Gargoyles and Victoria Riddler in ''Riddler's Moon'', a made for TV movie. Mulgrew is also one of six Star Trek actors to lend their voice to ''Star Trek: Captain's Chair'', reprising her role as Captain Kathryn Janeway. The other five actors were Jonathan Frakes, Michael Dorn, George Takei, Avery Brooks and Majel Barrett.

''Star Trek: Voyager''

Mulgrew originally auditioned for the role of the captain, named Elizabeth Janeway, when ''Star Trek: Voyager'' was being cast. She initially sent in a videotaped audition, which she made in New York City in August 1994. However she was unhappy with this audition and auditioned in person a few weeks later. That day film actress Geneviève Bujold was selected to play Janeway, but left the role after only two days of filming, due to the demanding production schedule required for a television show. Mulgrew was the runner-up between the two actresses and eventually was assigned to replace Bujold. After taking the part, she requested the name be changed from Elizabeth to Kathryn and the producers agreed. ''Voyager'' co-creator and executive producer Jeri Taylor states that Mulgrew "had an ineffable quality that put her ahead of the pack. She has proven to be a remarkably accurate choice".

About her years on ''Voyager'', Mulgrew said:

I'm proud of it. It was difficult; it was hard work. I'm proud of the work because I think I made some little difference in women in science. I grew to really love ''Star Trek: Voyager'', and out of a cast of 9, I've made 3 great friends, I managed to raise 2 children. I think, "It's good. I used myself well." Speaking about the best and worst part about playing a Star Trek captain, she said: "The best thing was simply the privilege and the challenge of being able to take a shot at the first female captain, transcending stereotypes that I was very familiar with. I was able to do that in front of millions of viewers. That was a remarkable experience – and it continues to resonate. The downside of that is also that it continues to resonate, and threatens to eclipse all else in one's long career if one does not up the ante and stay at it, in a way that may not ordinarily be necessary. I have to work at changing and constantly reinventing myself in a way that probably would not have happened had ''Star Trek'' not come along. I knew that going in, and I think that all of the perks attached to this journey have been really inexpressively great. So the negatives are small.

Post-''Star Trek''

After ''Voyager'' came to the end of the full seven seasons, Mulgrew went back to theatre and starred in a one-woman play called ''Tea at Five'', a monologue reminiscence based on Katharine Hepburn's memoir ''Me: Stories of My Life''. ''Tea at Five'' was a critical success and Mulgrew received two awards, one from Carbonell (Best actress) and the other from Broadway.com (Audience Award for Favorite Solo Performance). In 2006, Mulgrew performed in ''The Exonerated'' at the Riverside Studios located in London, England. In the spring of 2007, she appeared in the NBC television series ''The Black Donnellys'' as Helen Donnelly which lasted for 1 season. She also performed the lead role in an off Broadway production called ''Our Leading Lady'' by Charles Busch in which she picked up a nomination from the Drama League due to her performance.

In 2007, Mulgrew played Clytemnestra in New York for Charles L. Mee's ''Iphigenia 2.0''. She won the Obie Award for outstanding performance. In June 2008, Mulgrew appeared in ''Equus'' on Broadway, playing Hesther Saloman, a public official who is empathetic toward the play's central character. The play opened on September 5, 2008 for a strictly limited 22-week engagement through February 8, 2009.

Also in 2008, Mulgrew filmed the 30 minute courtroom drama ''The Response'' which is based on actual transcripts of the Guantanamo Bay tribunals, it was researched and fully vetted in conjunction with the University of Maryland School of Law and was shot in 3 days and all the crew and cast agreed to defer their salaries so it could be made. Mulgrew plays Colonel Sims. According to ''The Response'' website they are currently looking at ways to distribute the film.

In 2009, Mulgrew returned to television in the NBC medical series, ''Mercy'' playing the recurring role of "Jeannie Flanagan" (the mother of the show's lead, Veronica). Due for release in 2010, is ''The Best and the Brightest'', a comedy based in the world of New York City's elite private kindergartens. Mulgrew will play "The Player's wife" and in development is ''The Incredible Story of Joyce McKinney and the Manacled Mormon''.

In a message to her fans on her official website she said, "I am looking for a play and hope that it will come to me before I become irritated. But I realize, even in this wish, that I have been a little spoiled as an actress and that in the waiting there is a kind of lovely discipline."

In 2010, Kate Mulgrew starred as Cleopatra in William Shakepeare's ''Antony and Cleopatra'' at Hartford Stage.

In July, 2011, she will be starring alongside Rebecca Romijn in the Adult Swim series NTSF:SD:SUV::.

Also in 2011, Mulgrew appeared in the feature length documentary ''The Captains''. The film, written and directed by William Shatner, follows Shatner as he interviews each of the other actors who played a Starfleet captain within the Star Trek franchise.

Personal life

From her first marriage, to Robert H. Egan, Mulgrew has two sons, Ian and Alec. For a time, Mulgrew dated Star Trek director Winrich Kolbe.

Mulgrew has been married since 1999 to politician Tim Hagan, a former Ohio gubernatorial candidate and a former commissioner of Cuyahoga County, Ohio. Mulgrew's mother Joan introduced them, and he proposed to Mulgrew on the set of ''Star Trek: Voyager''. From her marriage to Hagan, Mulgrew has two stepdaughters, Marie and Eleanor.

Mulgrew is also a member of the National Advisory Committee of the Alzheimer's Association. Mulgrew's mother, Joan Mulgrew, died on July 27, 2006, after a long battle with the disease. According to a Women's Health TV show report in 2002, Kate Mulgrew had raised over $2 million for the Association.

Mulgrew is also an opponent of abortion and capital punishment. She received an award from Feminists for Life, a pro-life feminist group. She is quoted as saying "Execution as punishment is barbaric and unnecessary", "Life is sacred to me on all levels" and "Abortion does not compute with my philosophy." More recently Mulgrew has become the voice of MetroHealth in Cleveland, Ohio.

Filmography

Television programs

! Year	! Title	! Role
1974	''The Six Million Dollar Man''	Lt. Kolby
1975–1978, 1983; 1986; 1989	''Ryan's Hope''	Mary Ryan Fenelli
1975	''Wide World Mystery: Alien Lover''	Susan
1976	''The American Woman: Portraits of Courage''	Deborah Samson
1978	''The Word''	Tony Nicholson
1978		Garnet McGee
1979	''Jennifer: A Woman's Story''	Joan Russell
1979	''Mrs. Columbo: Kate Loves a Mystery''	Kate Columbo / Callahan
1981	''Manions of America''	Rachel Clement
1985	''Remo Williams: The Adventure Begins''	Major Rayner Fleming
1986	''Cheers'' (three episodes)	Janet Eldridge
1987	''Hotel''	Leslie Chase
1987; 1992; 1994	''Murder, She Wrote''	Sonny Greer, Joanna Grimsky Rollins, Maude Gillis
1988		Dr. Joanne Springsteen / Halloran
1988	''Roots: The Gift''	Hattie Carraway
1991	''Danielle Steel's Daddy''	Sarah Watson
1991	''Man of the People''	Mayor Lisbeth Chardin
1991	''Fatal Friendship''	Sue Bradley
1992	''Batman: The Animated Series''	Red Claw
1992	''The Pirates of Dark Water''	Cressa
1992	''Murphy Brown''	Hillary Wheaton
1993	''For Love and Glory''	Antonia Doyle
1995–2001	''Star Trek: Voyager''
1996		Anastasia Reynard / Titania
1998	''Riddler's Moon''	Victoria Riddler
2006	''Law & Order: Special Victims Unit''	Assistant US Attorney Donna Geysen
2007	''Star Trek: Beyond the Final Frontier''	Herself
2007	''The Black Donnellys''	Helen Donnelly
2009		Jeannie Flanagan
2011	''NTSF:SD:SUV::''	Kove
2011	''Warehouse 13''	Jane Lattimer (Regent\Guardian)

Films

! Year	! Title	! Role
1980	''A Time for Miracles''	Mother Seton
1981	''Lovespell''	Isolt
1982	''A Stranger is Watching''	Sharon Martin
1985	''Remo Williams: The Adventure Begins''	Major Rayner Fleming
1987	''Throw Momma from the Train''	Margaret
1987	''Roses are for the rich''	Kendall Murphy
1992	''Round Numbers''	Judith Schweitzer
1994	''Camp Nowhere''	Rachel Prescott
1995	''Captain Nuke and the Bomber Boys''	Mrs. Pescoe
2002	''Star Trek Nemesis''	Admiral Kathryn Janeway
2004	''Of Ashes and Atoms''	Narrator
2005	''Perception''	Dr. Mary Smith
2008	''The Response''	Colonel Carol Simms
2010	''The Best and the Brightest ''	The Player's wife
2011		Herself / Captain Kathryn Janeway

Theatre

! Dates	! Title	! Role	! Company
June – August 1975	''Own Town''	Emily	American Shakespeare Theatre, Stratford, Connecticut
November 1976	''Absurd Person Singular''	Eva Jackson	Encore Productions of New York City, performed in South Bend, Indiana; Davenport, Iowa; Roanoke and Norfolk, Virginia; Raleigh, North Carolina; Scranton, Pennsylvania
July 26, 1977	''Uncommon Women and Others''	Kate	Eugene O'Neill Theater Center; National Playwrights Conference, Waterford, Connecticut
February 1–19, 1978	''Othello''	Desdemona	Hartman Theater Company, Stamford, Connecticut
September 1980	''Chapter Two''	Jennie Malone	Coachlight Dinner Theater, Nanuet, New York
October 28, 1981 – May 16, 1982	''Another Part of the Forest''	Regina	Seattle Repertory Theatre
April 12, 1982 – May 16, 1982	''Major Barbara''	Major Barbara	Seattle Repertory Theatre
October 22 – November 14, 1982	''Cat on a Hot Tin Roof''	Margaret	Syracuse Stage, New York
October 26 – November 19, 1983	''The Ballad of Soapy Smith''	Kitty Strong	Seattle Repertory Theatre
December 22, 1983 – January 13, 1984	''The Philadelphia Story''	Tracy	Alaska Repertory Theatre
February 15 – March 10, 1984	''The Misanthrope''	Celimene	Seattle Repertory Theatre
June 8 – August 4, 1985	''Measure for Measure''	Isabella	Center Theater Group, Los Angeles
June 5 – July 13, 1986	''Hedda Gabler''	Hedda Gabler	Center Theater Group, Los Angeles
June 5 – July 13, 1986	''The Real Thing''	Charlotte	Center Theater Group, Los Angeles
January 9 – February 22, 1987	''The Film Society''	Nan Sinclair	The Los Angeles Theater Center
August 4 to September 2, 1989	''Titus Andronicus''	Tamora	New York Shakespeare Festival
May 20 – July 1, 1990	''Aristocrats''	Alice	Center Theater Group, Los Angeles
July 21 – August 30, 1992	''What the Butler Saw''	Mrs. Prentice	La Jolla Playhouse
August 11, 1993 – October 3, 1993	''Black Comedy''	Clea	Roundabout Theatre Co., Broadway
2003; 2004; 2005	''Tea at Five''	Katharine Hepburn	The Hartford Stage, The Cleveland Play House, American Repertory Theatre
April 25, 2002	''Dear Liar''	Mrs. Patrick Campbell	Youngstown State University
March 27 – May 16, 2004	''The Royal Family''	Julie Cavendish	Center Theater Group, Los Angeles
November 22, 2004	''Mary Stuart''	Mary Stuart	Classic Stage Company, New York
18 April 2006 – 30 April 2006	''The Exonerated''	Sunny Jacobs	Riverside Studios, London, England
Previews: February 22 – March 18, 2007	Opening Night: March 20, 2007 – April 29, 2007	''Our Leading Lady''	Laura Keene	Manhattan Theatre Club at New York City Center Stage II
Previews: February 22 – March 18, 2007	Opening Night: March 20, 2007 – April 29, 2007	''Iphigenia''	Clytemnestra	Signature Theatre Company at Peter Norton Space in New York City
21 April 2008	''Farfetched Fables and The Fascinating Foundling''	Anastasia – The Fascinating Foundling	Project Shaw Reading – The Players Club – NYC
22 April 2008 – 3 May 2008	''The American Dream and The Sandbox''	Mommy	Cherry Lane Theatre, New York
Previews: September 5–24, 2008	Opening Night: September 25, 2008 – February 8, 2009		Hesther Saloman	Broadhurst Theatre, 235 West 44th Street New York

Video games

! Year	! Title	! Role
1997	Star Trek: Captain's Chair	Captain Kathryn Janeway
2000	''Star Trek Voyager: Elite Force ''	Captain Kathryn Janeway
2002	''Run Like Hell''	Dr. Mek
2003	''Lords of Everquest ''	Lady Kreya
2003	''Star Trek: Elite Force II	Captain Kathryn Janeway
2006	''Star Trek: Legacy''	Admiral Kathryn Janeway
2009	''Dragon Age: Origins''	Flemeth
2010	''Alan Wake''	The Dark Presence
2011	''Dragon Age 2''	Flemeth

Awards

! Won / Nominated	! For	! From	! Date
Nominated	Best TV Actress In A Drama – ''Mrs. Columbo''		1980
Won	Tracey Humanitarian Award – Received in recognition of ''Murphy Brown'' episode On The Rocks	The Tracy Humanitarian Association	1992
Won	Best Genre TV Actress – ''Star Trek: Voyager''	Saturn Award	1998
Nominated	Best Genre TV Actress – ''Star Trek: Voyager''	Saturn Award	1999
Nominated	Best Genre TV Actress – ''Star Trek: Voyager''	Saturn Award	2000
Nominated	Best Genre TV Actress – ''Star Trek: Voyager''	Saturn Award	2001
Won	Audience Award for Favorite Solo Performance – ''Tea at Five''	Broadway.com	2003
Nominated	Outstanding Solo Performance – ''Tea at Five''	Outer Critics Circle	2003
Nominated	Outstanding Lead Actress – ''Tea at Five''	Lucille Lortel Award	2003
Won	Best Actress (Touring, Independent Production – Cuillo Centre) – ''Tea at Five''	Carbonell Awards	2004
Nominated	Distinguished Performance – ''Our Leading Lady''	Drama League Award	2007
Won	Outstanding Performance – ''Iphigenia 2.0''	Obie Award	2008

References

External links

October 18, 2009

Category:1955 births Category:Actors from Iowa Category:American film actors Category:American pacifists Category:American soap opera actors Category:American stage actors Category:American television actors Category:American voice actors Category:American people of Irish descent Category:Living people Category:Obie Award recipients Category:People from Dubuque, Iowa

an:Kate Mulgrew bg:Кейт Мългрю ca:Kate Mulgrew cs:Kate Mulgrewová de:Kate Mulgrew es:Kate Mulgrew fr:Kate Mulgrew ga:Kate Mulgrew id:Kate Mulgrew it:Kate Mulgrew hu:Kate Mulgrew mr:केट मुलग्रु nl:Kate Mulgrew ja:ケイト・マルグルー no:Kate Mulgrew pl:Kate Mulgrew pt:Kate Mulgrew ru:Малгрю, Кейт sr:Кејт Малгру fi:Kate Mulgrew sv:Kate Mulgrew

name	Nana Visitor
birth name	Nana Tucker
birth date	July 26, 1957
birth place	New York, NY, U.S.
occupation	Actress
years active	1976 – present
spouse	Nick Miscusi (1989-94)Alexander Siddig (1997–2001)Matthew Rimmer (2003- ) }}

Nana Visitor (born July 26, 1957), born Nana Tucker, is an American actress, best known for playing Kira Nerys in the television series ''Star Trek: Deep Space Nine'' ''(DS9)'' and Jean Ritter in the television series ''Wildfire''.

Early life

Nana Tucker was born in New York City, the daughter of Nenette Charisse, a ballet teacher, and Robert Tucker, a choreographer; she is a niece of actress/dancer Cyd Charisse.

Career

Visitor began her acting career in the 1970s on the Broadway stage in such productions as ''My One and Only''. Her film debut (billed as Nana Tucker) came in the 1977 film, ''The Sentinel''. On television, Visitor co-starred in the short-lived 1976 sitcom, ''Ivan the Terrible'' and from 1978 to 1982 had short-lived regular roles on three soap operas: ''Ryan's Hope'', ''The Doctors'', and ''One Life to Live''.

In 1984, she appeared in Season 2, Episode 3 of ''Hunter''. In 1985, Visitor made an appearance in the TV series ''MacGyver'', in the season one episode "Hellfire" as Laura Farren, and in the season two episode "DOA: MacGyver" as Carol Varnay. In 1986 she appeared in "Hills of Fire", a fourth season episode of ''Knight Rider''. In 1988 she made a guest appearance on the TV series ''Night Court'' as a mental patient who is obsessed with the movies. That same year she made a guest appearance on the TV series ''In the Heat of the Night'' as the owner of the Sparta newspaper. In 1989 Visitor appeared as a guest on the fifth episode of the series ''Doogie Howser, M.D.'' as Charmagne, a rock star who has a throat nodule removed at Doogie's hospital, and as Miles Drentell's glamorous girlfriend, in "Success", a 1989 of ''Thirtysomething'''s second season.

In 1990 Visitor co-starred with Sandra Bullock in a short-lived sitcom ''Working Girl'', which was based on the feature film of the same name, and co-starred in a failed television pilot for a series based upon the comic strip character, ''The Spirit''.

From 1993-99, Visitor appeared on ''Star Trek: Deep Space Nine'' as Major (later Colonel, and eventually, Commander) Kira Nerys, a former freedom fighter/terrorist for the planet Bajor, who worked to drive off the alien occupiers, the Cardassians, from her homeworld, now forced to work with the Starfleet contingent brought in by her government to administrate the titular space station built in orbit around her planet during the occupation.

After ''DS9'' ended, Visitor had a recurring role as villain Dr. Elizabeth Renfro on the TV series ''Dark Angel'' and starred as Roxie Hart in the touring and Broadway companies of the musical ''Chicago''. Visitor was then cast as Jean Ritter on the ABC Family series ''Wildfire'', which premiered on June 20, 2005.

In 2008, she appeared as Emily Kowalski, a dying cancer patient in "Faith", an episode of the re-imagined ''Battlestar Galactica'''s fourth season. Visitor had a small role as Pamela Voorhees in the 2009 ''Friday the 13th'' remake. She has also lent her voice in a few guest appearances on the show ''Family Guy'', such as Rita in the episode "Brian's Got a Brand New Bag" and as the voice of the Enterprise in "Extra Large Medium". In 2011 she appeared in ''Torchwood: Miracle Day'' episode 7, "Immortal Sins".

Personal life

Visitor became pregnant by her ''Deep Space Nine'' co-star Alexander Siddig (formerly Siddig el-Fadil) in 1996, and the pregnancy was incorporated into a ''DS9'' storyline, beginning in the fourth season episode "Body Parts", which premiered in June 1996. She gave birth to her son, Django El Tahir El Siddig, during production of the episode "The Assignment", though her character would remain pregnant until the fifth season episode "The Begotten", which premiered in January 1997. Visitor and Siddig eventually married, but they divorced in 2001.

Nana, along with her sister, Zan, made some Internet videos about their passion for cooking, called ''The Kitchen Witches'', which can be found on YouTube.

References

External links

Category:1957 births Category:American film actors Category:American soap opera actors Category:American television actors Category:Living people Category:Actors from New York City

ar:نانا فيسيتور ca:Nana Visitor cs:Nana Visitorová de:Nana Visitor es:Nana Visitor fr:Nana Visitor it:Nana Visitor nl:Nana Visitor ja:ナナ・ヴィジター pl:Nana Visitor pt:Nana Visitor simple:Nana Visitor sl:Nana Visitor fi:Nana Visitor sv:Nana Visitor

name	Greg Vaughan
birth date	June 15, 1973
birth place	Dallas, Texas, U.S.
birthname	James Gregory Vaughn Jr.
yearsactive	1996-present
spouse	Touriya Haoud (2006-present) 2 children
notable role	}}

James Gregory Vaughan, Jr (born June 15, 1973) is an American actor.

Personal life

Vaughan is the son of James Gregory Vaughan, Sr., and Barbara Ann Alt. Greg has Greek & Native American ancestry.

Vaughan was born in Dallas, Texas, and grew up in Mesquite, Texas. His grandparents were also a big part of his life, and lived in the small town of Fredericksburg, Texas, just outside of Austin. He spent summers in the country, and worked at his grandparents' restaurant, bussing tables.

Vaughan married Dutch model Touriya Haoud on June 4, 2006. On May 4, 2007, Touriya gave birth to a son named Jathan James Vaughan. On January 19, 2010, Touriya gave birth to their second son, Cavan Thomas Vaughan. On Aug 24, 2011 they announced they are expecting their child in March 2012.

Career

The actor and former male fashion model has starred in soap operas such as ''The Young and the Restless'' and ''General Hospital''. His best known role to date is that of the adult Lucky Spencer in the latter, whom he played from 2003 to October, 2009.

At age 16, while getting a haircut he learned of a "Back to School" modeling competition, and sent in some snapshots. He was selected as a finalist but did not win. However, the winner encouraged Vaughan to pursue modeling, and Vaughan signed up with a modeling agency.

Shortly after graduating from Mesquite High School, he was invited to Milan, Italy, where he modeled for designer Giorgio Armani for two and a half months. More campaigns soon followed, with designers such as Gianni Versace, Tommy Hilfiger, Banana Republic, and Ralph Lauren.

While modeling in Miami, Vaughan started to become dissatisfied with the modeling life, and decided to relocate and pursue his dream of becoming an actor, in which he then moved to Los Angeles. His first role was on ''Baywatch'', as well as on the pilot for a 1996 Aaron Spelling series, ''Malibu Shores'', that lead to his future appearances on ''Beverly Hills, 90210'' and was a cast regular for the second season of ''Charmed''.

His next major role was from 2002 to 2003 as Diego Guittierez in the daytime drama ''The Young and the Restless''. When the character was written off the show, Vaughan then got a call from the producers for ''General Hospital'', who were seeking a new actor for the popular character of Lucky Spencer, son of the famous soap opera couple Luke and Laura. Vaughan was the first actor to portray Lucky as a full-fledged adult, the part being previously played by Jonathan Jackson and Jacob Young.

On June 7, 2006, Vaughan won the role of the new spokesperson for I Can't Believe It's Not Butter in a ceremony in New York. The contest was created to replace Fabio.

In 2007, Vaughan appeared on Tyra Banks' talk show to help Tyra through "soap opera school."

Vaughn announced on September 28, 2009 that he wouldn't be playing the role of Lucky Spencer on General Hospital any longer. On October 27, 2009, Jonathan Jackson reprised his role he left in 1999.

Filmography

''No Small Ways'' ''The Love Boat - The Next Wave'' ''Legacy (TV Series) ''Nash Bridges'' ''Sabrina, the Teenage Witch (TV series) ''General Hospital'' ''Sebastian''

Year	! Film	! Role	! Notes
rowspan=3	1996	''Malibu Shores''	Josh Walker
''Baywatch''	Teenager
''Beverly Hills, 90210''	Cliff Yeager
rowspan=3	1997	|	unknown
''Poison Ivy: The New Seduction''	Michael
''Buffy the Vampire Slayer (TV series)	Buffy the Vampire Slayer''	Richard Anderson
rowspan=5	1998	|	Tom	1 episode
''Mortal Kombat: Conquest''	Kebral
''Children of the Corn V: Fields of Terror''	Tyrus
''Stuart Bliss''	Magazine Stand Cashier
''Pacific Blue (TV series)	Pacific Blue''	Trent Spence
rowspan=4	1999	Legacy'' ||	Tom Stanton	1 episode
''Student Affairs''	Jason
''Charmed''	Dan and Jenny Gordon>Dan Gordon
''Casualty (TV series)	Casualty''	Jack Phillips
2000	|	Josh Avery	1 episode
rowspan=5	2002	Sabrina, the Teenage Witch'' ||	Peter	1 episode
''Glory Days (TV series)	Glory Days''	Lawyer
''Will & Grace''	Cute Guy
''For Mature Audiences Only''	Sam
''The Young and the Restless''	Diego Guittierez #2
rowspan=2	2003	|	Lucky Spencer #3	February 26, 2003 – October 20, 2009
''Still Standing (TV series)	Still Standing	Trevor
rowspan=3	2010	|	Dr. David Zigler	filming
''90210 (TV series)	90210	Kai
''The Closer''	Mounted Officer Wagner

References

External links

Category:1973 births Category:Living people Category:American male models Category:American soap opera actors Category:Actors from Texas

de:Greg Vaughan fr:Greg Vaughan it:Greg Vaughan nl:Greg Vaughan ja:グレッグ・ヴォーン pl:Greg Vaughan pt:Greg Vaughan ru:Воган, Грег sr:Грег Вон sv:Greg Vaughan

Currentteam	Detroit Lions
Currentnumber	67
Currentpositionplain	Guard
Birth date	December 06, 1983
Birth place	Macedonia, Ohio
Heightft	6
Heightin	3
Weight	312
Debutyear	2006
Debutteam	Seattle Seahawks
College	Ohio State
Draftyear	2006
Draftround	4
Draftpick	128
Pastteams	Seattle Seahawks (–) Detroit Lions (–present)
Statweek	17
Statseason	2007
Statlabel1	Games played
Statvalue1	30
Statlabel2	Games started
Statvalue2	19
Nfl	SIM797571 }}

Robert Sims (born December 6, 1983) is an American football guard for the Detroit Lions of the National Football League. He was drafted by the Seattle Seahawks in the fourth round of the 2006 NFL Draft. He played college football at Ohio State.

Professional career

Seattle Seahawks

Sims was drafted by the Seattle Seahawks in the fourth round of the 2006 NFL Draft.

Detroit Lions

On April 5, 2010, Sims was traded to the Detroit Lions for defensive end Robert Henderson. Detroit also sent a 5th Round pick for a 7th Round pick as part of the trade in the 2010 NFL Draft.

External links

Category:1983 births Category:Living people Category:Players of American football from Ohio Category:American football offensive guards Category:Ohio State Buckeyes football players Category:Seattle Seahawks players Category:Detroit Lions players

de:Rob Sims