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1950
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Adnan Menderes
Adnan Menderes (ː 1899 – 17 September 1961) was the first democratically elected political leader in Turkish history. He served as prime minister between 1950–1960. He was one of the founders of the Democratic Party (DP) in 1946, the fourth legal opposition party of Turkey. He was hanged by the military junta after the 1960 coup d'état, along with two other cabinet members, Fatin Rüştü Zorlu and Hasan Polatkan. He was the last Turkish political leader to be executed after a military coup and is also one of the three political leaders of the Turkish Republic (along with Atatürk and Turgut Özal) to have a mausoleum built in his honour.
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Aerosmith
Aerosmith is an American hard rock band, sometimes referred to as "The Bad Boys from Boston" and "'''America's Greatest Rock and Roll Band'''". Their style, which is rooted in blues-based hard rock, has come to also incorporate elements of pop, heavy metal, and rhythm and blues, and has inspired many subsequent rock artists. The band was formed in Boston, Massachusetts in 1970. Guitarist Joe Perry and bassist Tom Hamilton, originally in a band together called the Jam Band, met up with singer Steven Tyler, drummer Joey Kramer, and guitarist Ray Tabano, and formed Aerosmith. In 1971, Tabano was replaced by Brad Whitford, and the band began developing a following in Boston.
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Agnetha Fältskog
Agnetha Åse Fältskog () (born 5 April 1950) is a Swedish recording artist and entertainer. She became a household name in Sweden after the release of her début album Agnetha Fältskog in 1968, and reached international stardom as a member of pop group ABBA, which sold over 375 million records worldwide, making them the second best–selling band in history and the best–selling pop band in history.
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Al Jolson
Al Jolson (May 26, 1886 – October 23, 1950) was an American singer, comedian and actor. In his heyday, he was dubbed "The World's Greatest Entertainer".
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Alan Keyes
Alan Lee Keyes (born August 7, 1950) is an American conservative political activist, author, former diplomat, and perennial candidate for public office. He ran for President of the United States in 1996, 2000, and 2008, and was a Republican nominee for the U.S. Senate in 1988, 1992, and 2004. Keyes served in the U.S. Foreign Service, was appointed Ambassador to the Economic and Social Council of the United Nations under President Ronald Reagan, and served as Assistant Secretary of State for International Organization Affairs from 1985 to 1987.
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Albert Einstein
Albert Einstein (; ; 14 March 1879 – 18 April 1955) was a theoretical physicist, philosopher and author who is widely regarded as one of the most influential and best known scientists and intellectuals of all time. A German-Swiss Nobel laureate, he is often regarded as the father of modern physics. He received the 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics "for his services to Theoretical Physics, and especially for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect".
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Albert Lebrun
Albert Lebrun (; 29 August 1871 – 6 March 1950) was a French politician, President of France from 1932 to 1940, and as such was the last president of the Third Republic. He was a member of the center-right Democratic Republican Alliance (ARD).
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Alberto Juantorena
Alberto Juantorena Danger (born 3 December 1950) is a Cuban former track athlete. At the 1976 Summer Olympics, he became the first and so far only athlete to win both the 400 and 800 m Olympic titles.
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Alex Chilton
William Alexander "Alex" Chilton (December 28, 1950 – March 17, 2010) was an American songwriter, guitarist, singer and producer, best known as the lead singer of the Box Tops and Big Star. Chilton's early commercial sales success in the 1960s as a teen vocalist for the Box Tops was not repeated in later years with Big Star and in his indie music solo career on small labels, but he drew a loyal following in the indie and alternative music fields, and is often cited as an influence by many mainstream rock artists and bands.
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Alger Hiss
Alger Hiss (November 11, 1904 – November 15, 1996) was an American lawyer, civil servant, businessman, author, and lecturer. He was involved in the establishment of the United Nations both as a U.S. State Department and UN official. Hiss was accused of being a Soviet spy in 1948 and convicted of perjury in connection with this charge in 1950.
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Amin Saikal
Professor Amin Saikal (born 2 December 1950) is Director of the Centre for Arab and Islamic Studies (The Middle East Central Asia) and Professor of Political Science at the Australian National University. Professor Saikal has specialised in the politics, history, political economy and international relations of the Middle East and Central Asia. He has been a Visiting Fellow at Princeton University, Cambridge University and the Institute of Development Studies (University of Sussex), as well as a Rockefeller Foundation Fellow in International Relations (1983-1988). He is a member of many national and international academic organisations. He attended the seminar in Delhi from 09 February to 11 February 2010 conducted by Dr. Banshidhar Pradhan (Associate Professor) Centre for West Asian Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University. The theme of seminar was The Fertile Crescent, Great Powers and India. It was attended by a galaxy of delegates both from India and abroad.
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Ann Jillian
Ann Jillian (born January 29, 1950, Cambridge, Massachusetts) is an American actress, who started acting at age 10. Her career reached its zenith in the 1980s, with her best-known role being that of waitress Cassie Cranston on the sitcom ''It's a Living''.
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Anne, Princess Royal
Anne, Princess Royal (Anne Elizabeth Alice Louise; born 15 August 1950), is the only daughter of Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh. At the time of her birth, she was third, and later for a few years was second in the line of succession to the thrones of seven independent states; however, after additions to the Royal Family, and an evolution of the Commonwealth, Anne is currently tenth in line to the thrones of 16 countries. She is resident in and most directly involved with the United Kingdom, the oldest realm, while also carrying out duties in and on behalf of the other states of which her mother is sovereign. The seventh holder of the title Princess Royal, Anne is known for her charitable work, being the patron of over 200 organisations, and she carries out about 700 royal engagements and public appearances per year.
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Arthur Balfour
Arthur James Balfour, 1st Earl of Balfour, KG, OM, PC, DL (25 July 1848 – 19 March 1930) was a British Conservative politician and statesman. He served as the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from July 1902 to December 1905 and as Leader of the Conservative Party from his appointment as Prime Minister to November 1911. He was a Member of Parliament from 1874–1922 and served as Foreign Secretary in David Lloyd George's coalition government 1916-1919.
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Belinda Bauer
Belinda Jane Bauer (born 13 June 1950) is an Australian actress.
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Benjamin Stora
Benjamin Stora (born 2 December 1950) is a French historian, expert on North Africa, who is widely considered one of the world's leading authorities on Algerian history. He was born in a Jewish family in Constantine, Algeria, which left the country following its War of Independence in 1962. The main body of his writing is in French, but some works have been translated into English.
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Benjamin Urrutia
Benjamin Urrutia (born January 24, 1950 in Guayaquil, Ecuador) is an author and scholar. According to the Mormon Literature Database, Urrutia is "the only LDS Basque Israeli American anthropologist, linguist, and science fiction writer in the universe." With Guy Davenport, Urrutia edited The Logia of Yeshua, which collected what Urrutia and Davenport consider to be Jesus' authentic sayings from a variety of canonical and non-canonical sources. Urrutia interprets Jesus' mission as a leadership role in the "Israelite nonviolent resistance to Roman oppression".
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Bertrand Russell
Bertrand Arthur William Russell, 3rd Earl Russell, OM, FRS (18 May 1872 – 2 February 1970) was a British philosopher, logician, mathematician, historian, socialist, pacifist, and social critic. He spent most of his life in England; he was born in Wales where he also died, aged 97.
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Bill Clinton
William Jefferson "Bill" Clinton (born William Jefferson Blythe III, August 19, 1946) is the former 42nd President of the United States and served from 1993 to 2001. At 46 he was the third-youngest president. He became president at the end of the Cold War, and was the first baby boomer president. His wife, Hillary Rodham Clinton, is currently the United States Secretary of State. Each received a Juris Doctor (J.D.) from Yale Law School.
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Bill Murray
William "Bill" Murray (born September 21, 1950) is an American actor and comedian. He first gained national exposure on Saturday Night Live, and went on to star in a number of critically and commercially successful comedic films including Caddyshack (1980), Ghostbusters (1984), and Groundhog Day (1993). He gained additional critical acclaim later in his career, starring in Lost in Translation (2003), for which he was nominated for an Academy Award, and a series of films directed by Wes Anderson, including Rushmore (1998), The Life Aquatic with Steve Zissou (2004) and Fantastic Mr. Fox (2009). He is widely regarded as one of the most talented and unique comedic actors of his generation.
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Black Elk
Heȟáka Sápa (Black Elk) (c. December 1863 – August 17 or August 19, 1950) was a famous Wičháša Wakȟáŋ (Medicine Man or Holy Man) of the Oglala Lakota (Sioux). He was Heyoka and a second cousin of Crazy Horse.
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Bob Orton, Jr.
Robert Keith Orton (born November 10, 1950) is an American professional wrestler, better known by his ring name, "Cowboy" Bob Orton. He is the father of wrestler Randy Orton, who is signed to World Wrestling Entertainment. Orton's father, Bob Orton, Sr., and brother, Barry O, were also professional wrestlers.
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Bobby McFerrin
Robert "Bobby" McFerrin, Jr. (born March 11, 1950) is an American vocalist and conductor. He is best known for his 1988 hit song "Don't Worry, Be Happy".
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Bobby Valentine
Robert John Valentine (born May 13, 1950 in Stamford, Connecticut) is a former Major League Baseball player and manager. He is currently an analyst for ESPN.
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Brad Dourif
Bradford Claude "Brad" Dourif (; born March 18, 1950) is an American film and television actor who gained early fame for his portrayal of Billy Bibbitt in ''One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest, and has since appeared in a number of memorable roles, including the voice of Chucky in the Child's Play franchise, Younger Brother in Ragtime, Gríma Wormtongue in The Lord of the Rings, the Betazoid in the TV series , and Doc Cochran in the HBO television series Deadwood''.
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Brock Pemberton
Brock Pemberton (December 14, 1885 - March 11, 1950) was an American theatrical producer, director and founder of the Tony Awards.
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Buddy DeSylva
George Gard "Buddy" DeSylva (January 27, 1895 - July 11, 1950) was an American songwriter, film producer and record executive. He wrote or co-wrote many popular songs and along with Johnny Mercer and Glenn Wallichs he founded Capitol Records.
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Camarón de la Isla
Camarón de la Isla (December 5, 1950, San Fernando, Cádiz, Spain – July 2, 1992, Badalona, Spain) was the stage name of flamenco Romani (Gypsy) singer José Monje Cruz who is sometimes also credited as José Monge Cruz.
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Carl Deuker
Carl Deuker (born August 26, 1950) is an award-winning author of young adult novels.
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Cary-Hiroyuki Tagawa
is a Japanese American actor.
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Cecil Frank Powell
Cecil Frank Powell (5 December 1903 – 9 August 1969) was a British physicist, and Nobel Prize in Physics laureate for his development of the photographic method of studying nuclear processes and for the resulting discovery of the pion (pi-meson), a heavy subatomic particle.
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Celal Bayar
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Cesare Pavese
Cesare Pavese (9 September 1908 – 27 August 1950) was an Italian poet, novelist, literary critic and translator; he is widely considered among the major authors of the 20th century in his home country.
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Charles Clarke
Charles Rodway Clarke (born 21 September 1950) is a British Labour Party politician, who was the Member of Parliament (MP) for Norwich South from 1997 until 2010, and served as Home Secretary from December 2004 until May 2006.
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Charles Fleischer
Charles Fleischer (born August 27, 1950) is an American actor, stand-up comedian and voice artist.
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Charles Frazier
Charles Frazier (born November 4, 1950) is an award-winning American historical novelist.
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Charles M. Schulz
Charles Monroe Schulz (November 26, 1922 – February 12, 2000) was an American cartoonist, whose comic strip Peanuts proved one of the most popular and influential in the history of the medium, and is still widely reprinted on a daily basis.
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Chiang Kai-shek
Chiang Kai-shek (; but see names below) (October 31, 1887 – April 5, 1975) was a political and military leader of 20th century China.
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China
China is seen variously as an ancient civilization extending over a large area in East Asia, a nation and/or a multinational entity.
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Ching Hai
Supreme Master (or "Suma") Ching Hai, (born May 12, 1950), is the self-titled founder and spiritual teacher of the Quan Yin Method with an estimated 20,000 followers world wide.
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Claudio Lolli
Claudio Lolli (Bologna, March 28 , 1950) is an Italian singer-songwriter, poet, writer and secondary school teacher.
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Clement Attlee
Clement Richard Attlee, 1st Earl Attlee, KG, OM, CH, PC, FRS (3 January 1883 – 8 October 1967) was a British Labour politician who served as the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1945 to 1951, and as the Leader of the Labour Party from 1935 to 1955. He was also the first person to hold the office of Deputy Prime Minister, under Winston Churchill in the wartime coalition government, before leading the Labour Party to a landslide election victory over Churchill's Conservative Party in 1945. He was the first Labour Prime Minister to serve a full Parliamentary term, and the first to command a Labour majority in Parliament.
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Cristina Galbó
Cristina Galbo (born January 17, 1950) was an actress of some moderate fame in Europe during the late 1960s and early 1970s, who made a name for herself in film mostly for European horror vehicles.
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Cybill Shepherd
Cybill Lynne Shepherd (born February 18, 1949) is an American actress and former model. Her best known roles include starring as Jacy in The Last Picture Show, Maddie Hayes on Moonlighting, as Cybill Sheridan on Cybill, as Betsy in Taxi Driver and as Phyllis Kroll on The L Word.
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Danny Sullivan
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Darwan Singh Negi
Darwan Singh Negi VC (November 1881- 24 June 1950) was among the earliest Indian recipients of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.
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David Cassidy
David Bruce Cassidy (born April 12, 1950) is an American actor, singer, songwriter and guitarist. He is best known for his role as the character of Keith Partridge in the 1970s musical/sitcom The Partridge Family. He was one of pop culture's most celebrated teen idols, enjoying a successful pop career in the 1970s, and still performs today.
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David Janson
David Janson (born David Jackson, 30 March 1950) is an English actor whose stage debut was in Oliver! in 1962. He joined the Royal Shakespeare Company in 1963 in ''A Midsummer Night's Dream'' and appeared as the young boy (during Ringo's walk) in The Beatles film ''A Hard Day's Night''.
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David Leisure
David Russell Leisure (born November 16, 1950) is an American actor best known for his role as Charley Dietz in the sitcom Empty Nest from 1988 to 1995 and fictional (and "lying") automotive "pitch man" Joe Isuzu in a series of North American television commercials for Isuzu from 1986 to 1990, and again from 1999 to 2001.
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David Shifrin
David Shifrin (born January 2, 1950) is an American classical clarinetist.
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Dean Acheson
Dean Gooderham Acheson (April 11, 1893 – October 12, 1971) was an American statesman and lawyer. As United States Secretary of State in the administration of President Harry S. Truman from 1949 to 1953, he played a central role in defining American foreign policy during the Cold War. Acheson helped design the Marshall Plan and played a central role in the development of the Truman Doctrine and creation of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization.
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Dean Shek
Shek Tien (sometimes written Shek Tin) aka Dean Shek (born 17 October 1950) is a veteran Hong Kong feature film actor and film producer with over 100 film acting credits to his name.
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Debbie Allen
:This article is about the actress/dancer/choreographer. For the country music singer, see Deborah Allen.
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Debra Hill
Debra Hill (November 10, 1950 – March 7, 2005) was an American screenwriter and film producer, who co-wrote the horror film Halloween, its first sequel Halloween II, and The Fog.
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Deniece Williams
June Deniece Chandler (born June 3, 1950 in Gary, Indiana), known by her stage name Deniece "Niecy" Williams is an American Grammy Award-winning singer, songwriter and record producer who achieved success in the 1970s and 1980s. Williams, whose music has been influenced by Soul and Funk, is known for her hits such as "Let's Hear It for the Boy", "It's Gonna Take a Miracle", and for her many vocal duets with Johnny Mathis.
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Derek Acorah
Derek Acorah (born Derek Francis Johnson, 27 January 1950) is a British medium. He is best known for his work on Most Haunted, broadcast on Living, between 2002 and 2005 then again in 2010. He currently presents the series Derek Acorah on Sky Real Lives, which is entering its second series. Although he continues to be a popular figure in live tours and television work, he has been heavily criticised and parodied.
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Dinu Lipatti
Dinu Lipatti (1 April [19 March o.s.]1917 2 December 1950) was a Romanian classical pianist and composer whose career was cut short by his death from Hodgkin's disease at age 33.
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Dorrit Moussaieff
Dorrit Moussaieff (Hebrew: דורית מוסאיוף), (born January 12, 1950) is the Israeli-born British First Lady of Iceland, a jewellery designer, editor, businesswoman, and socialite.
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Douglas MacArthur
General of the Army Douglas MacArthur (January 26, 1880 – April 5, 1964) was an American general and field marshal of the Philippine Army. He was a Chief of Staff of the United States Army during the 1930s and played a prominent role in the Pacific theater during World War II. He received the Medal of Honor for his service in the Philippines Campaign. Arthur MacArthur, Jr., and Douglas MacArthur were the first father and son to each be awarded the medal. He was one of only five men ever to rise to the rank of general of the army in the U.S. Army, and the only man ever to become a field marshal in the Philippine Army.
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Débora Duarte
Débora Duarte is the stage name of Débora Susan Duke, a Brazilian actress born January 2, 1950 in São Paulo, Brazil. Her parents are actor Lima Duarte and actress Marisa Sanches. At the age of five she was selected to act in the TV Tupi series Ciranda, cirandinha.
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Edgar Lee Masters
Edgar Lee Masters (Garnett, Kansas, August 23, 1868 - Melrose Park, Pennsylvania, March 5, 1950) was an American poet, biographer, and dramatist. He is the author of Spoon River Anthology, The New Star Chamber and Other Essays, Songs and Satires, The Great Valley, The Serpent in the Wilderness An Obscure Tale, The Spleen, Mark Twain: A Portrait, Lincoln: The Man, and Illinois Poems. In all, Masters published twelve plays, twenty-one books of poetry, six novels and six biographies, including those of Abraham Lincoln, Mark Twain, Vachel Lindsay, and Walt Whitman.
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Edgar Rice Burroughs
Edgar Rice Burroughs (September 1, 1875 – March 19, 1950) was an American author, best known for his creation of the jungle hero Tarzan and the heroic Mars adventurer John Carter, although he produced works in many genres.
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Edward Arthur Milne
Edward Arthur Milne FRS (14 February 1896 – 21 September 1950) was a British astrophysicist and mathematician.
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Edward Bloor
Edward William Bloor (born October 12, 1950) is an American author of young adult novels best known for Tangerine and London Calling.
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Edward Hirsch
Edward Hirsch (born January 20, 1950) an American poet and academic who wrote a best seller about reading poetry. He is the president of the John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation in New York City (not to be mistaken with E.D. Hirsch, Jr.)
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Ellen Greene
Ellen Greene (born February 22, 1951) is an American singer and actress. Greene has had a long and varied career as a singer, particularly in cabaret, as an actor and singer in numerous stage productions, particularly musical theatre, as well as having performed in many films (notably in Little Shop of Horrors) and television programs. She starred as Vivian Charles on the ABC series Pushing Daisies.
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Elsie de Wolfe
[[Image:Elsiedewolfe.jpg|thumb|right|Elsie de Wolfe, photograph from The House in Good Taste 1913 [http://www.vintagedesigns.com/rev/dewolfe/]]]
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Emil Jannings
Emil Jannings (23 July 1884 – 2 January 1950) was a German actor. He was not only the first actor to win the Academy Award for Best Actor, but also the first person to be presented an Oscar.
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Eric Carr
Paul Charles Caravello (July 12, 1950 – November 24, 1991), known as Eric Carr, was an American musician, best known as drummer for the rock band KISS. Caravello was selected as the new Kiss drummer after Peter Criss left the band in 1980. He remained a band member until he became ill with heart cancer and died in 1991.
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Erin Gray
:For the professional basketball player with a similar-sounding name, see Aaron Gray.
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Ernest Haycox
Ernest James Haycox (October 1, 1899 – October 13, 1950) was an American writer of Western fiction.
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Ernie Wasson
Ernie George Wasson (born 10 January 1950 in Berkeley, California, United States) is an American gardener, horticulturist and author.
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Estes Kefauver
Carey Estes Kefauver (July 26, 1903 – August 10, 1963; ) was an American politician from Tennessee. A member of the Democratic Party, he served in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1939 to 1949 and in the U.S. Senate from 1949 to his death in 1963.
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F.O. Matthiessen
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Fats Navarro
Theodore "Fats" Navarro (September 24, 1923 – July 7, 1950[http://www.biography.com/articles/Fats-Navarro-9420792]) was an American jazz trumpet player. He was a pioneer of the bebop style of jazz improvisation in the 1940s. He had a strong stylistic influence on many other players, most notably Clifford Brown.
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Florence Chadwick
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Freddy Moore
Frederick George "Freddy" Moore (born July 19, 1950) is an American singer-songwriter, best known as Demi Moore's first husband, with their marriage spanning the years from 1980 to 1985.
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Gabriel Byrne
Gabriel James Byrne (born May 12, 1950) is an Irish actor, film director, film producer, writer, and audiobook narrator. His acting career began in the Focus Theatre before he joined London’s Royal Court Theatre in 1979. Byrne's screen début came in the Irish soap opera The Riordans and the spin-off show Bracken. The actor has now starred in over 35 feature films, such as The Usual Suspects, ''Miller's Crossing and Stigmata'', in addition to writing two. Byrne's producing credits include the Academy Award-nominated In the Name of the Father. Currently, he is receiving much critical acclaim for his role as Dr. Paul Weston in the HBO drama In Treatment.
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Gennadiy Nikonov
Gennadiy Nikolayevich Nikonov (August 11, 1950 - May 14, 2003) was a Russian gun engineer. His most famous accomplishments were probably as the designer of the AN-94 assault rifle, and the "straight-back bolt." Nikonov held 44 Copyright Certificates, and was awarded the titles of "The Best Designer of the Company" and "The Best Designer of the Ministry."
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Gennifer Flowers
Gertrude Gennifer Flowers (born January 24, 1950) is a model and actress who had a sexual relationship with former U.S. President Bill Clinton. Prior to Bill Clinton's presidency, she also posed nude for Penthouse magazine and was an actress in two films and one TV show. After becoming a celebrity, she acted as herself in two films and guest starred as herself in various TV shows.
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George Bernard Shaw
George Bernard Shaw (26 July 1856 – 2 November 1950) was an Irish playwright and a co-founder of the London School of Economics. Although his first profitable writing was music and literary criticism, in which capacity he wrote many highly articulate pieces of journalism, his main talent was for drama, and he wrote more than 60 plays. Nearly all his writings deal sternly with prevailing social problems, but have a vein of comedy to make their stark themes more palatable. Shaw examined education, marriage, religion, government, health care, and class privilege.
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George Minot
George Richards Minot (December 2, 1885 in Boston, Massachusetts – February 25, 1950) won the 1934 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with William P. Murphy and George H. Whipple for their work in the study of anemia. George Minot, working with William Murphy, described an effective treatment for pernicious anemia with liver (which is high in vitamin B12.) He completed his A.B. in 1908 and his M.D. in 1912 from Harvard University. Between 1914 to 1915, George Minot was appointed Assistance in Medicine at the Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, MD. In 1915, he was appointed Assistant in Medicine at the Harvard Medical School.
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George Orwell
Eric Arthur Blair (25 June 1903 – 21 January 1950), better known by his pen name George Orwell, was a British author and journalist. His work is marked by keen intelligence and wit, a profound awareness of social injustice, an intense, revolutionary opposition to totalitarianism, a passion for clarity in language and a belief in democratic socialism.
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Georges Imbert
Georges Christian Peter Imbert born March 25, 1884 in Niederstinzel, Lorraine died February 6, 1950 in Saar Union, Alsace. Around 1920 developed the wood gas generator for the automobile that was commonly used in Europe until petroleum fuel became more economical in the region. He studied chemical engineering in Mulhouse, Alsace.
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Gilles Villeneuve
Joseph Gilles Henri Villeneuve, better known as Gilles Villeneuve, () (January 18, 1950 – May 8, 1982) was a Canadian racing driver. An enthusiast of cars and fast driving from an early age, he started his professional career in snowmobile racing in his native province of Quebec. He moved into single seaters, winning the US and Canadian Formula Atlantic championships in 1976, before being offered a drive in Formula One with the McLaren team at the 1977 British Grand Prix. He was taken on by reigning world champions Ferrari for the end of the season and from 1978 to his death in 1982 drove for the Italian team. He won six Grand Prix races in a short career at the highest level. In 1979 he finished second by four points in the championship to team-mate Jody Scheckter.
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Googoosh
Googoosh (alternately spelled: Gogosh, Gugush, Guguš, Googosh or Gougoush , ; , born Faegheh Atashin, ,born 5 May 1950 in Tehran) is an Iranian pop singer and former actress. In the 1960s and 70, she was more widely known as a singer than as a Persian film actress. At that time, Googoosh was considered the most celebrated recording artist in Iran and much of the Middle East. .
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Gordon Brown
James Gordon Brown (born 20 February 1951) is a British Labour Party politician, who has been a Member of Parliament (MP) since 1983, currently for Kirkcaldy and Cowdenbeath. He served as the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom and Leader of the Labour Party from 2007 until 2010. Brown became Prime Minister in June 2007, after the resignation of Tony Blair and three days after becoming leader of the governing Labour Party. Immediately before this, he had served as Chancellor of the Exchequer in the Labour Government from 1997 to 2007. His tenure ended in May 2010, when he resigned as Prime Minister and Leader of the Labour Party.
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Gregory Harrison
Gregory Neale Harrison (born May 31, 1950 in Avalon, Santa Catalina Island, California) is an American actor. He is probably best known for his role as Chandler in the 1987 cult favorite North Shore and as Pernell Roberts's young surgeon, Dr. George Alonzo 'Gonzo' Gates, on the CBS series Trapper John, M.D. (a role he played from 1979 to 1985). He was also the title character on the 1977-78 science fiction series ''Logan's Run, after which he played the role of Levi Zendt on the 1978 NBC miniseries Centennial and had a situation comedy on CBS called Family Man'', in which he played a single-father fireman who was rearing three children.
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Griselio Torresola
Griselio Torresola (1925 - November 1, 1950) born in Jayuya, Puerto Rico, was one of two Puerto Rican Nationalists who attempted to assassinate United States President Harry Truman. During the attack on the president, Torresola mortally wounded White House policeman Private Leslie Coffelt and wounded two other law enforcement officers. Torresola was killed by a shot to the head from the mortally-wounded Coffelt.
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Grzegorz Lato
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Gustaf John Ramstedt
Gustaf John Ramstedt (October 22, 1873 - November 25, 1950) was a Swedish-speaking Finnish linguist and diplomat.
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Gustaf V of Sweden
Gustaf V (Oscar Gustaf Adolf 16 June 1858 – 29 October 1950) was King of Sweden from 1907. He was the eldest son of King Oscar II of Sweden and Sophia of Nassau, a half-sister of Adolphe I, Grand Duke of Luxembourg. Dying at age 92, he holds the record of being the oldest monarch of Sweden and the second-longest reigning monarch of Sweden (after Magnus IV).
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Harpo (singer)
Harpo (born Jan Harpo Torsten Svensson, 5 April 1950, Bandhagen, Stockholm) is a Swedish pop star known under the stage name Harpo. He was popular in Sweden and around Europe in the 1970s and is best known for his worldwide hit "Moviestar" which also reached number 24 in the UK Singles Chart and number 2 in the Australian Singles Chart in 1976. Harpo has continued to work in the music business, releasing an album of new material as recently as 2005 and continues to tour to this day. He remains popular in Germany and toured there throughout 2007.
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Harry Lauder
Sir Henry Lauder (4 August 1870 – 26 February 1950), known professionally as Harry Lauder, was a Scottish entertainer, described by Sir Winston Churchill as "Scotland's greatest ever ambassador!"
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Harry Redfern
'''Henry 'Harry' Redfern''' (1861–6 March 1950) was a British architect.
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Harry S. Truman
Harry S. Truman (May 8, 1884 – December 26, 1972) was the 33rd President of the United States (1945–1953). As President Franklin D. Roosevelt's third vice-president and the 34th Vice President of the United States, he succeeded to the presidency on April 12, 1945, when President Roosevelt died less than three months after beginning his historic fourth term.
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Hasely Crawford
Hasely Joachim Crawford (born August 16, 1950) is a former athlete from Trinidad and Tobago. In 1976, he became the first Olympic champion of his country. A Stadium was renamed in his honour in 2001.
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Helen Clark
Helen Elizabeth Clark, ONZ (born 26 February 1950) is the Administrator of the United Nations Development Programme, the third-highest UN position, and was the 37th Prime Minister of New Zealand for three consecutive terms from 1999 to 2008. She led the Labour Party from 1993 until it lost the 2008 general election. Before resigning from Parliament in April 2009, Clark was Labour's foreign affairs spokeswoman and MP for the Mount Albert electorate which she had held since 1981. Forbes magazine ranked her 20th most powerful woman in the world in 2006.
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Helen Holmes
Helen Holmes (June 19, 1893 – July 8, 1950) was an American silent film actress.
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Henry H. Arnold
General of the Air Force Henry Harley "Hap" Arnold (June 25, 1886 – January 15, 1950) was an American five-star general officer holding the grades of General of the Army and later General of the Air Force. He is the only officer to ever hold a five-star grade in two different U.S. military services. Arnold was an aviation pioneer and the Chief of the United States Army Air Corps (from 1938), the Commanding General of the U.S. Army Air Forces (from 1941 until 1945), and the only five-star General of the Air Force (starting in 1949).
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Henry L. Stimson
Henry Lewis Stimson (September 21, 1867 – October 20, 1950) was an American statesman, who served as Secretary of War, Secretary of State and Governor-General of the Philippines. A conservative Republican, he is best known for managing the U.S. military as Secretary of War during World War II.
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Howard Finkel
Howard Finkel (born June 7, 1950) is a professional wrestling ring announcer currently working with World Wrestling Entertainment in a variety of roles. Hired in 1975 by Vincent J. McMahon's World Wide Wrestling Federation, "The Fink" was the first person brought in to Vincent K. McMahon's nascent World Wrestling Federation and is widely credited as World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE)'s first and longest lasting employee.
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Howard Rollins
Howard Ellsworth Rollins, Jr. (October 17, 1950 – December 8, 1996) was an American television, film, and stage actor. He is perhaps best known for his portrayal of Coalhouse Walker, Jr. in the film Ragtime, and for his portrayal of Virgil Tibbs in the NBC/CBS television series In the Heat of the Night.
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Huey Lewis
Huey Lewis (born Hugh Anthony Cregg III; July 5, 1950) is an American musician, songwriter and occasional actor.
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Ingrid Bergman
Ingrid Bergman (29 August 1915 – 29 August 1982) was a Swedish actress noted for her starring roles in American films. She won three Academy Awards, two Emmy Awards, and the Tony Award for Best Actress. She is ranked as the fourth greatest female star of American cinema of all time by the American Film Institute. She is best remembered for her role as Ilsa Lund in Casablanca (1942), a World War II drama co-starring Humphrey Bogart.
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Jakaya Kikwete
Jakaya Mrisho Kikwete (born October 7, 1950) is a Tanzanian politician, the fourth and current President of the United Republic of Tanzania. Kikwete was born in Msoga, Bagamoyo District, Tanganyika in present day Tanzania. Kikwete was also the Chairperson of the African Union from 31 January 2008 to 2 February 2009.
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James Corbitt
James Henry Corbitt (c. 1913 – 28 November 1950) was an English murderer hanged at Strangeways Prison in Manchester by Albert Pierrepoint.
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Jan Smuts
Field Marshal Jan Christiaan Smuts OM CH ED KC FRS PC (24 May 1870 – 11 September 1950) was a prominent South African and British Commonwealth statesman, military leader and philosopher. In addition to holding various cabinet posts, he served as Prime Minister of the Union of South Africa from 1919 until 1924 and from 1939 until 1948. He served in the First World War and as a British field marshal in the Second World War.
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Jane Cowl
Jane Cowl (December 14, 1883 - June 22, 1950) was an American film and stage actress and playwright "notorious for playing lacrymose parts". Actress Jane Russell was named in Cowl's honor.
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Jane Pauley
Margaret Jane Pauley (born October 31, 1950; Indianapolis, Indiana) is an American television journalist, and has been involved in news reporting since 1975. She is most known for her 13-year tenure on NBC's Today program and later 12 years of Dateline NBC, and has acknowledged publicly her struggle with mental health and bipolar disorder.
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Javier Clemente
Javier Clemente Lázaro, (born 12 March 1950 in Barakaldo) is a Spanish football manager and current manager of Cameroon. The veteran La Liga manager has spent most of his career at two clubs: Athletic Bilbao and RCD Espanyol. Between 1992 and 1998, he managed Spain and went 31 games unbeaten. He became the first foreign manager of Serbia on 21 July 2006 when he signed a two year contract worth €720,000. He was released from his contract after failing to qualify for the European championship on 6 December 2007.
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Jay Leno
James Douglas Muir "Jay" Leno (; born April 28, 1950) is an American stand-up comedian and television host.
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Jeff Conaway
Jeffrey Charles William Michael Conaway (born October 5, 1950, New York City, New York, United States) is an American actor, best known for his roles in the movie Grease, and the US TV series Taxi and Babylon 5. He has also directed, helming the 1992 film Bikini Summer 2.
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Jeffrey Miller
Jeffrey Glenn Miller (March 28, 1950 – May 4, 1970) was a student at Kent State University in Kent, Ohio when he was shot and killed by Ohio National Guardsmen in the Kent State shootings.
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Joan Armatrading
Joan Anita Barbara Armatrading, MBE (born 9 December 1950) is a British singer, songwriter, and guitarist. Armatrading is a three-time Grammy Award-nominee and has been nominated twice for BRIT Awards as Best Female Artist. She also received an Ivor Novello award for Outstanding Contemporary Song Collection in 1996. Throughout her career, she has only ever sung the songs that she has written and has not recorded any cover songs.
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Jocky Wilson
John Thomas Wilson (born 22 March 1950 in Kirkcaldy, Fife) known as "Jocky" Wilson, is a former Scottish darts champion. He retired from the game in 1995.
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Jody Scheckter
Jody David Scheckter (born January 29, 1950) is a South African former auto racing driver, the Formula One World Drivers Champion.
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Jody Williams
Jody Williams (born October 9, 1950 in Brattleboro, Vermont, USA) is an American teacher and aid worker who received the 1997 Nobel Peace Prize jointly with the campaign she worked for, the International Campaign to Ban Landmines (ICBL). Williams first trained as a teacher of English as a Second Language (ESL), receiving a BA from the University of Vermont in 1972 and a Master's degree in teaching Spanish and ESL from the School for International Training (also in Vermont) in 1974. In 1984 she received a second M.A. in International Relations from the School of Advanced International Studies at Johns Hopkins University. She taught ESL in Mexico, the United Kingdom, and finally Washington, D.C. before her first appointment in aid work, becoming a grocery worker of the "Nicaragua-Honduras Education Project" from 1984 to 1986. She then became deputy director of a Los Angeles-based charity, "Medical Aid for El Salvador", a position which she held until 1992 when she took up her position with the newly formed ICBL.
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Joe Perry (musician)
Anthony Joseph "Joe" Perry (born September 10, 1950) is the lead guitarist, backing and occasional lead vocalist, and contributing songwriter for the rock band Aerosmith. He was ranked 48th in the Rolling Stone's list - The 100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time.
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Joe Yule
Ninnian Joseph Ewell (30 April 1892, Glasgow, Scotland – 30 March 1950, Hollywood, California) was a Scottish vaudeville comedian who starred in many films as a character actor. He was noted for his role in the "Jiggs and Maggie" film series.
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Joerg Haider
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Joey Kramer
Joseph Michael "Joey" Kramer (born June 21, 1950, The Bronx, New York City, United States) is the drummer for the American hard rock band Aerosmith.
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John Candy
John Franklin Candy (October 31, 1950 – March 4, 1994) was a Canadian actor and comedian. He rose to fame as a member of the Toronto, Ontario branch of The Second City, its related Second City Television series, and in his role as "Ox" in the 1981 comedy film Stripes. One of his most renowned onscreen performances was that of Del Griffith in the John Hughes comedy Planes, Trains and Automobiles.
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John Friedrich
John Friedrich (possibly also known as Friedrich Hohenberger) was Managing Director of the National Safety Council of Australia during the 1980s.
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John Gould Fletcher
John Gould Fletcher (January 3, 1886 – May 20, 1950) was a Pulitzer Prize winning Imagist poet and author. He was born in Little Rock, Arkansas to a socially prominent family. After attending Phillips Academy, Andover Fletcher went on to Harvard University from 1903 to 1907, when he dropped out shortly after his father's death.
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John Manley
John Paul Manley, PC, OC (born January 5, 1950) is a Canadian lawyer, businessman and politician. He served as Liberal Member of Parliament for Ottawa South from 1988 to 2004, and a Cabinet Minister from 1993 to 2003. He is presently President and CEO of the Canadian Council of Chief Executives.
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John Sayles
John Thomas Sayles (born September 28, 1950) is an American independent film director and screenwriter.
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Joseph McCarthy
Joseph Raymond McCarthy (November 14, 1908 – May 2, 1957) was an American politician who served as a Republican U.S. Senator from the state of Wisconsin from 1947 until his death in 1957. Beginning in 1950, McCarthy became the most visible public face of a period in which Cold War tensions fueled fears of widespread Communist subversion.
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Joseph Schumpeter
Joseph Alois Schumpeter (8 February 1883 – 8 January 1950) was an Austrian economist and political scientist. He popularized the term "creative destruction" in economics.
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Juan Gabriel
Alberto Aguilera Valadez (born January 7, 1950), better known by his stage name Juan Gabriel, is a Mexican singer and songwriter who is one of the most famous living representatives of the Mexican ranchera, ballad, mariachi, and pop music.
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Julia Marlowe
Julia Marlowe (August 17, 1865 – November 12, 1950) was an English-born American actress known for her interpretations of William Shakespeare.
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Julie Kavner
Julie Deborah Kavner (born September 7, 1950) is an American film and television actress, comedian and voice artist. Noted for her role as Marge Simpson on the animated television series The Simpsons, she also voices other characters for the show, including Patty and Selma Bouvier.
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Julius Erving
Julius Winfield Erving II (born February 22, 1950), commonly known by the nickname Dr. J, is a retired American basketball player who helped launch a modern style of play that emphasizes leaping and play above the rim.
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Karel Kozeluh
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Kathy Baker
Katherine Whitton "Kathy" Baker (born June 8, 1950) is an American actress.
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Ken Griffey, Sr.
George Kenneth Griffey (born April 10, 1950 in Donora, Pennsylvania) is a former Major League Baseball outfielder. He currently serves as for the Dayton Dragons, the Reds' Single A minor league affiliate. He is the father of former professional outfielder Ken Griffey, Jr. and former minor leaguer Craig Griffey. He and his older son Ken Jr. share the same birth city with Baseball Hall of Famer Stan Musial.
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Ken Kutaragi
(born August 8, 1950) is the former Chairman and chief executive officer of Sony Computer Entertainment (SCEI), the video game division of Sony Corporation. He is known as "The Father of the PlayStation", and its successors and spinoffs, including the PlayStation 2, PlayStation Portable, and the PlayStation 3.
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Ken Shimura
(born , February 20 1950 in Higashimurayama, Tokyo), is a Japanese comedian and actor. He co-starred with Masashi Tashiro, Nobuyoshi Kuwano in the Japanese variety show "Ken Shimura no Bakatono-sama".
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Kenneth Muir (VC)
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Klaus Fuchs
Klaus Emil Julius Fuchs (29 December 1911 – 28 January 1988) was a German theoretical physicist and atomic spy who in 1950 was convicted of supplying information from the American, British and Canadian atomic bomb research (the Manhattan Project) to the USSR during and shortly after World War II. While at the Los Alamos National Laboratory, Fuchs was responsible for many significant theoretical calculations relating to the first fission weapons and later, the early models of the hydrogen bomb, the first fusion weapon.
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Konrad Adenauer
Konrad Hermann Joseph Adenauer (; 5 January 1876 – 19 April 1967) was a German statesman who took Germany from the ruins of World War II to the most prosperous nation in Europe. He was the first chancellor (top official) of the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG, called West Germany), 1949–63. He was the founder and leader of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU), a coalition of Catholics and Protestants that since 1946 has often dominated German politics. A devout Catholic, he belied his age as the oldest elected leader in world history by his intense work habits and his uncanny political instinct. He displayed a strong dedication to a broad vision of democracy, capitalism, and anti-Communism. A stern patriarch and shrewd politician, Adenauer was deeply committed to the traditional values of Christianity and pursued a single-mindedly Western-oriented foreign policy. He restored the West Germany economy to dominance in Europe, rebuilt its army, came to terms with France, helped establish European unity, fought relentlessly against the Communists in rival East Germany, made his nation a pillar of NATO and a firm ally of the United States and commenced the long process of reconciliation with the Jewish people and Israel after the Holocaust. He brought Germany prosperity, democracy, stability and respect. To a large extent Adenauer's policies still dominate Germany.
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Korean War
The Korean War (1950–armistice, 1953) was a military conflict between the Republic of Korea, supported by the United Nations, and the Democratic People's Republic of Korea and People's Republic of China (PRC), with air support from the Soviet Union. The war began on 25 June 1950 and an armistice was signed on 27 July 1953. The war was a result of the political division of Korea by agreement of the victorious Allies at the conclusion of the Pacific War. The Korean peninsula had been ruled by Japan from 1910 until the end of World War II. In 1945, following the surrender of Japan, American administrators divided the peninsula along the 38th Parallel, with United States troops occupying the southern part and Soviet troops occupying the northern part.
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Kristina Wayborn
Kristina Wayborn (born 24 September 1950) is a Swedish-born actress who is fluent in English and has worked mostly in the United Kingdom and in the United States.
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Kurt Alder
Kurt Alder (10 July 1902 – 20 June 1958) was a German chemist and Nobel laureate.
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Kurt Weill
Kurt Julian Weill (March 2, 1900 – April 3, 1950) was a German composer, active from the 1920s, and in his later years in the United States. He was a leading composer for the stage who was most well known for his fruitful collaborations with Bertolt Brecht. With Brecht, he developed productions such as his most well known work The Threepenny Opera, a Marxist critique of capitalism, which included the ballad "Mack the Knife". Weill was a socialist who held the ideal of writing music that served a socially useful purpose. He also wrote a number of works for the concert hall, as well as several Judaism themed pieces.
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L. Ron Hubbard
Lafayette Ronald "L. Ron" Hubbard (March 13, 1911 – January 24, 1986) was an American science fiction author who developed a self-help system called Dianetics which was first published in 1950. Over the following three decades Hubbard developed his self-help ideas into a wide-ranging set of doctrines and rituals as part of a new religion he called Scientology. Hubbard's writings became the guiding texts for the Church of Scientology and a number of affiliated organizations that address such diverse topics as business administration, literacy and drug rehabilitation.
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Lakshmi Mittal
Lakshmi Niwas Mittal (; born 15 June 1950) is an Indian and the chairman and chief executive officer of ArcelorMittal.
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Laurence F. Johnson
Dr. Larry Johnson (born December 17, 1950 in Corpus Christi, Texas) is an American futurist, author, and educator. Since 2001, Dr. Johnson has served as Chief Executive Officer of the New Media Consortium an international consortium of hundreds of universities, colleges, museums, research centers, and technology companies.
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Leonard Maltin
Leonard Maltin (born December 18, 1950) is an American film critic and film historian. He has written several mainstream books on the cinema, focusing on nostalgic, celebratory narratives.
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Leonard Whiting
Leonard Whiting (born June 30, 1950 in London, England) is a British actor who starred as Romeo in the 1968 Zeffirelli film version of Romeo and Juliet opposite Olivia Hussey's Juliet, a role which earned him the Golden Globe Award for New Star Of The Year - Actor.
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Leslie Comrie
Leslie John Comrie (15 August 1893 – 11 December 1950) was an astronomer and a pioneer in mechanical computation.
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Li Tsung-jen
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Lionel Cripps
The Hon Lionel Cripps CMG (11 October 1863 - 3 February 1950) was the first Speaker of the Southern Rhodesian Legislative Assembly.
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Lothrop Stoddard
Theodore Lothrop Stoddard (June 29, 1883 – May 1, 1950) was an American political scientist, historian, journalist, anthropologist, eugenicist, pacifist, and anti-immigration advocate who wrote a number of books which are often cited as prominent examples of early 20th-century scientific racism.
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Louise DuArt
Louise DuArt (born October 30, 1950, Quincy, Massachusetts), is an American comedian and impersonator.
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Luis López Nieves
Luis López Nieves (born in 1950) is one of the most influential and best-selling Puerto Rican authors. He has won the National Literature Prize on two occasions: first, in 2000, with his book of historical short stories [http://www.ciudadseva.com/libros/ponce.htm The True Death of Juan Ponce de León]; second, in 2005, with his novel ''[http://www.ciudadseva.com/libros/voltaire.htm Voltaire's Heart]. He published two other books including Seva, and [http://www.ciudadseva.com/libros/rafa.htm Writing for Rafa]''. His short stories have been published in Latin American and Spanish anthologies.
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Léon Blum
André Léon Blum (; 9 April 1872 – 30 March 1950) was a French politician, usually identified with the moderate left, and three times the Prime Minister of France.
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Ma Ying-jeou
Ma Ying-jeou (; born July 13, 1950) is the 12th term and current President of the Republic of China (ROC), commonly known as Taiwan, and the Chairman of the Kuomintang Party, also known as the Chinese Nationalist Party. He formerly served as Justice Minister from 1993 to 1996, Mayor of Taipei from 1998 to 2006, and Chairman of the Kuomintang (KMT) from 2005 to 2007. Ma was elected Mayor of Taipei in 1998 and re-elected in 2002. He was elected Chairman of the Kuomintang by party members on July 16, 2005. He announced his resignation on February 13, 2007, after being indicted by the Taiwan High Prosecutors Office on charges of misuse of mayoral funds during his tenure as the mayor of Taipei; he was later cleared of all charges. Ma subsequently won the presidency by 58.45% of the popular vote in the ROC presidential election of 2008. He was sworn into office as president on May 20, 2008, and sworn in as the Chairman of the Kuomintang on October 17, 2009.
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Marc Jampole
Marc Jampole (born July 24, 1950) is an American poet, public relations executive, and former television news reporter.
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Mark Spitz
Mark Andrew Spitz (born February 10, 1950) is a retired American swimmer. He won seven gold medals at the 1972 Munich Olympic Games, an achievement surpassed only by Michael Phelps who won eight golds at the 2008 Olympics. Between 1968 and 1972, Spitz won nine Olympic golds plus a silver and a bronze, five Pan American golds, 31 US Amateur Athletic Union titles and eight US National Collegiate Athletic Association titles. During those years, he set 33 world records. He was named World Swimmer of the Year in 1969, 1971 and 1972.
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Marshall Manesh
Marshall Manesh (born August 16, 1950) is an Iranian/American actor.
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Martin Short
Martin Hayter Short, CM (born March 26, 1950) is a Canadian comedian, actor, writer, singer and producer. He is best known for his comedy work, particularly on the TV programs SCTV and Saturday Night Live. He has also starred in many popular comedic films such as Three Amigos, Innerspace, Pure Luck, Jungle 2 Jungle, Mars Attacks!, Father of the Bride, and Father of the Bride Part 2.
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Mary Lou Metzger
Mary Lou Metzger (born November 13, 1950 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania) is an American singer and dancer best known as a cast member on The Lawrence Welk Show.
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Masami Kuwashima
is a former racing driver from Japan. After some experience in the Japanese lower formulae, he made an attempt at Formula One.
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Massimo Mongai
Massimo Mongai (born 3 November 1950) is an Italian author of science fiction.
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Maurice Costello
Maurice Costello (February 22, 1877 - October 28, 1950) was a prominent vaudeville actor of the late 1890s and early 1900s, who later played a principal role in early American films, as both a leading man, supporting player and a director.
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Max Beckmann
Max Beckmann (February 12, 1884 – December 28, 1950) was a German painter, draftsman, printmaker, sculptor, and writer. Although he is classified as an Expressionist artist, he rejected both the term and the movement. In the 1920s, he was associated with the New Objectivity (Neue Sachlichkeit), an outgrowth of Expressionism that opposed its introverted emotionalism.
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Michael C. Burgess
Michael Clifton Burgess, (born December 23, 1950) is a physician and politician from the state of Texas, currently representing the state's ([http://nationalatlas.gov/printable/images/preview/congdist/tx26_109.gif map]) in the United States House of Representatives.
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Michael Ironside
Michael Ironside (born February 12, 1950) is a Canadian actor. He has also worked as a voice actor, producer, film director, and screenwriter in movie and television series in various Canadian and American works. He is best known for playing villains and "tough guy" heroes, though he has also portrayed sympathetic characters. Ironside is a method actor, who stays in character between takes.
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Mikhail Fradkov
Mikhail Yefimovich Fradkov (; born September 1, 1950) is a Russian politician and statesman who was the Prime Minister of Russia from March 2004 to September 2007. Fradkov currently is the head of Russia's Foreign Intelligence Service.
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Mile-a-Minute Murphy
Charles Minthorn Murphy (October 1870 – February 16, 1950), but more popularly known as "Mile-a-Minute" Murphy, was an American cycling star from the late 19th century and early 20th century. His greatest claim to fame was being the first man ever to ride a bicycle for one mile in less than a minute in 1899.
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Miou-Miou
Miou-Miou (born 22 February 1950) is a French actress. In her career she has worked with a number of international directors, including Michel Gondry, Bertrand Blier, Yves Boisset, Claude Berri, Jacques Deray, Michel Deville, Diane Kurys, Patrice Leconte, Joseph Losey and Louis Malle.
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Monty Banks
Montague (Monty) Banks (18 July 1897 – 7 January 1950 born Mario Bianchi in Cesena, Italy) was a comedian and film director. In the 1920s, he worked in Hollywood, starring in many silent short comedies and in the feature-length action thriller Play Safe (1927). A large excerpt from this movie is included in Robert Youngson's compilation film Days of Thrills and Laughter (1961). With the arrival of sound films, Banks's strong European accent forced him to phase out his acting career in favor of working as a gagman and director. He directed Laurel and Hardy in their film, Great Guns, under the name 'Montague Banks'.
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Narendra Modi
Narendra Damodardas Modi (Devnagri: नरेन्द्र दामोदरदास मोदी, Gujarati: નરેન્દ્ર દામોદરદાસ મોદી, ; born 17 September 1950) is the Chief Minister of the Indian state of Gujarat since 7 October 2001 making him the longest serving Chief Minister of the state of Gujarat.
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Natalie Cole
Natalie Maria Cole (born February 6, 1950) is an American singer, songwriter and performer. She achieved success in her early career as an R&B; star, but smoothly changed her repertoire toward a more pop and jazz oriented musical style in the early 1990s. She has won nine Grammy Awards. Cole has been singing since she was 5 years old.
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Neil J. Gunther
Neil Gunther, (born 15 August 1950) is a computer information systems researcher best known internationally for developing the open-source performance modeling software Pretty Damn Quick and developing the [http://www.perfdynamics.com/iBook/gcap.html Guerrilla approach] to computer capacity planning and performance analysis. He has also been cited for his contributions to the theory of large transients in computer systems and packet networks, and his [http://www.perfdynamics.com/Manifesto/USLscalability.html universal law] of computational scalability.
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Neil Jordan
Neil Patrick Jordan (born 25 February 1950) is an Irish filmmaker and novelist. He won an Academy Award (Best Original Screenplay) for The Crying Game.
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Nicole Tourneur
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Nitza Saul
Nitza Saul (born June 25, 1950 sometimes credited as Nitza Shaul) is an Israeli-born actress, best known for her appearances on British television during the 1980s.
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Nora Roberts
Nora Roberts (born Eleanor Marie Robertson, October 10, 1950 in Silver Spring, Maryland, USA), is a bestselling American author of more than 165 romance novels. She writes as J.D. Robb for the "In Death" series, and has also written under the pseudonym Jill March. Additionally, some of her works were published in the UK as Sarah Hardesty.
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Nouri Al-Maliki
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Néstor Kirchner
Néstor Carlos Kirchner ( born February 25, 1950) is an Argentine politician, currently serving as Secretary General of the Union of South American Nations (UNASUR) and as a National Deputy of Argentina for Buenos Aires Province. A Justicialist, Kirchner was the President of Argentina from May 25, 2003 until December 10, 2007. Previously, he was Governor of Santa Cruz Province since December 10, 1991.
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Olaf Stapledon
William Olaf Stapledon (May 10, 1886 – September 6, 1950) was a British philosopher and author of several influential works of science fiction.
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Oscar Collazo
Oscar Collazo (January 20, 1914 – February 21, 1994), was one of two Puerto Ricans who attempted to assassinate U.S. President Harry S. Truman.
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Pamela Hensley
Pamela Gail Hensley (born on October 3, 1950 in Glendale, California) is an American actress. She is best known for playing Princess Ardala on the 1979-1981 television series Buck Rogers in the 25th Century and C.J. Parsons on the 1982-1985 television series Matt Houston.
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Paul Kossoff
Paul Francis Kossoff (14 September 1950 – 19 March 1976) was an English rock guitarist best known as a member of the band Free.
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Paul Robeson
Paul LeRoy Bustill Robeson (April 9, 1898 – January 23, 1976) was an American bass-baritone concert singer and film actor, who became noted for his wide-ranging social justice activism. A forerunner of the civil rights movement, Robeson was also an All-American athlete, lawyer, writer, trade unionist, peace activist, Phi Beta Kappa Society laureate, and a recipient of the Spingarn Medal and Stalin Peace Prize. Robeson achieved international notoriety for both his artistic accomplishments and his outspoken radical beliefs, which largely clashed with the Jim Crow climate of the pre-civil rights United States. As a result, he became a prime target of the political right during the McCarthyist era. Despite being one of the most internationally famous cultural figures of the 20th century, persecution by the US government and media virtually erased Robeson from mainstream US culture and subsequent interpretations of US history; including civil rights and black history.
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Paul Watson
Paul Franklin Watson (born December 2, 1950) is a Canadian animal rights and environmental activist, who founded and is president of the Sea Shepherd Conservation Society, a direct action group devoted to marine conservation.
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Pauline Lord
Pauline Lord (13 August 1890 – 11 October 1950) was an American stage and film actress
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Pedro de Cordoba
Pedro de Cordoba (September 28, 1881 – September 16, 1950), was an American actor.
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Per-Kristian Foss
Per-Kristian Foss (born 19 July 1950 in Oslo) is a Norwegian politician for the Conservative Party and 2nd Vice President of the Storting.
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Pervez Hoodbhoy
Dr. Prof. Pervez Amirali Hoodbhoy (Urdu: پرویز ہودبھائی) (born 11 July 1950) is a well-known Pakistani nuclear physicist, essayist and political-defence analyst. He is the professor of nuclear and high-energy physics, and the head of the Physics Department at Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan. He graduated and also received PhD from MIT and continues to do research in Particle physics. He received the Baker Award for Electronics in 1968, and the Abdus Salam Prize for Mathematics in 1984. He has authored various scientific research papers in peer-reviewed journals.
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Peter Gabriel
Peter Brian Gabriel (born 13 February 1950) is an English singer, musician and songwriter who rose to fame as the lead vocalist and flautist of the progressive rock group Genesis. After leaving Genesis, Gabriel went on to a successful solo career. More recently he has focused on producing and promoting world music and pioneering digital distribution methods for music. He has also been involved in various humanitarian efforts. In 2007, Gabriel was honoured as a BMI Icon at the 57th annual BMI London Awards. He was recognised as a BMI Icon for his “influence on generations of music makers.”
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Peter Hain
Peter Gerald Hain (born 16 February 1950) is a British Labour Party politician, who has been the Member of Parliament (MP) for the Welsh constituency of Neath since 1991, and has served in the Cabinets of both Tony Blair and Gordon Brown, firstly as Leader of the House of Commons under Blair and both Secretary of State for Work and Pensions and Secretary of State for Wales under Brown. He resigned from ministerial office over the failure to declare donations to his campaign for the Deputy Leadership of the Labour Party in 2008. He is currently Shadow Welsh Secertary.
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Phil McGraw
Phillip Calvin McGraw (born September 1, 1950), best known as Dr. Phil, is an American television personality, author, and psychologist, currently the host of his own television show, Dr. Phil, which debuted in 2002. McGraw first gained celebrity status with appearances on The Oprah Winfrey Show in the late 1990s.
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Pius XII
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Rafael Sabatini
Rafael Sabatini (April 29, 1875 - February 13, 1950) was an Italian/British writer of novels of romance and adventure.
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Rajendra Prasad
Dr. Rajendra Prasad () (3 December 1884 – 28 February 1963) was the youngest son of Mahadev Sahay from the village Ziradei, then the Saran district of Bihar. Dr. Prasad is considered to be one of the architects of the Indian Republic, having drafted its first constitution and serving as the first president of India.
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Ralph Bunche
Ralph Johnson Bunche (August 7, 1903(4?) (There is some dispute as to his actual year of birth)December 9, 1971) was an American political scientist and diplomat who received the 1950 Nobel Peace Prize for his late 1940s mediation in Palestine. He was the first person of color to be so honored in the history of the Prize. He was involved in the formation and administration of the United Nations. In 1963, he received the Medal of Freedom from President John F. Kennedy.
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Randy Quaid
Randall Rudy "Randy" Quaid (October 1, 1950) is an American actor best known for his role as Cousin Eddie in the ''National Lampoon's Vacation movies, as well as his numerous supporting roles in films such as The Last Detail, Independence Day, Kingpin and Brokeback Mountain''. He has won a Golden Globe Award, and has been nominated for an Academy Award, an Emmy Award and a BAFTA Award.
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Ransom E. Olds
Ransom Eli Olds (June 3, 1864 – August 26, 1950) was a pioneer of the American automotive industry, for whom both the Oldsmobile and Reo brands were named. He claimed to have built his first steam car as early as 1894, and his first gasoline powered car in 1896.
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Ray Duggan
'''Raymond 'Ray' Duggan''' (born 1913 West Maitland, New South Wales, Australia - died 20 January 1950 in Sydney, Australia) was an international Speedway first rode in the UK with the New Cross Lambs. Duggan represented the Australia many times at test level.
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Raymond Sommer
F1 driver|
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Rebbie Jackson
Maureen Reillette Brown (née Jackson; born May 29, 1950) is an American singer professionally known as Rebbie Jackson (IPA pronunciation: ). Born and raised in Gary, Indiana, she is the eldest child of the Jackson family of musicians. She first performed on stage with her siblings during shows in Las Vegas, Nevada, at the MGM Grand Hotel and Casino in 1974, before subsequently appearing in the television series The Jacksons.
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Recep Peker
Recep Peker (February 5, 1889 - April 2, 1950), aka Mehmet Recep Peker, was a Turkish officer and politician. He served as various government ministers and finally as the prime minister.
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Renate Stecher
Renate Stecher (born 15 May 1950 in Süptitz) is a German (former East German) athlete and a triple Olympic champion.
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Richard Branson
Sir Richard Charles Nicholas Branson (born 18 July 1950) is a British industrialist, best known for his Virgin Group of over 360 companies.
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Rick Perry
James Richard "Rick" Perry (born March 4, 1950) is an American politician. He is the 47th and incumbent Governor of Texas, having held the office since 2000. He is a member of the Republican Party.
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Robbie Coltrane
Robbie Coltrane, OBE (born Anthony Robert McMillan; 30 March 1950) is a Scottish actor, comedian and author. He is known both for his role as Dr Eddie "Fitz" Fitzgerald in the British TV series Cracker and as Rubeus Hagrid in the Harry Potter films.
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Robert B. Laughlin
Robert Betts Laughlin (born November 1, 1950) is a professor of Physics and Applied Physics at Stanford University. Along with Horst L. Störmer of Columbia University and Daniel C. Tsui of Princeton University, he was awarded a share of the 1998 Nobel Prize in physics for their explanation of the fractional quantum Hall effect.
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Robert Schuman
Robert Schuman (; 29 June 1886 4 September 1963) was a noted Luxembourgish-born French statesman. Schuman was a Christian Democrat (M.R.P.) and an independent political thinker and activist. Twice Prime Minister of France, a reformist Minister of Finance and a Foreign Minister, he was instrumental in building post-war European and trans-Atlantic institutions and is regarded as one of the founders of the European Union, the Council of Europe and NATO.
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Roland Matthes
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Roman Tam
Roman Tam, known by the stage name Lo Man (羅文), nickname Law Kee (蘿記) was a renowned Hong Kong Cantopop singer. He is regarded as the "Godfather of Cantopop".
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Ron Perlman
Ronald N. "Ron" Perlman (born April 13, 1950) is an American television, film and voice over actor. He is known for having played "Vincent" in Beauty and the Beast, "Slade" in the animated show Teen Titans, Clay Morrow in Sons of Anarchy, the comic book character Hellboy in the film of the same name and its sequel, , and the role of the intro and ending narrator of the popular post-apocalyptic game series, Fallout.
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Rosanna DeSoto
Rosanna DeSoto (born September 2, 1950) is a Mexican-American actress who has performed in films and television. She is best known for her role in as Azetbur, the daughter of Klingon Chancellor Gorkon.
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Rosli Dhobi
Rosli Dhoby (1932-March 2, 1950) was a Malay Sarawakian nationalist from Sibu, Sarawak, Malaysia during the British crown colony era in that state.
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Rowan Williams
Rowan Douglas Williams FRSL, FBA (born 14 June 1950) is an Anglican bishop, poet and theologian. He is the current (104th) Archbishop of Canterbury, Metropolitan of the Province of Canterbury and Primate of All England, offices he has held since early 2003.
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Roy Schuiten
Cyclist
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Roy Williams (coach)
Roy Allen Williams (born August 1, 1950) is head coach of the men's basketball team at the University of North Carolina. After averaging nearly an 80% win percentage in 15 seasons at the University of Kansas, he became the eighteenth head coach at North Carolina when he replaced Matt Doherty in 2003. He is second all-time for most wins at Kansas behind Phog Allen and at North Carolina behind his mentor Dean Smith. Additionally, he is third all-time in the NCAA for winning percentage. Williams has taken his teams to seven Final Fours in his careers at Kansas and North Carolina (fourth all-time in NCAA history). From 1990-2009, Williams led his teams at Kansas and North Carolina to 20 consecutive NCAA Tournament appearances (second all-time) and earned the all-time record for consecutive NCAA Tournament appearances with a win. These streaks both ended in the 2009–2010 season as UNC failed to receive a bid to the NCAA Tournament. Williams is the second-winningest active coach by percentage among coaches with at least 10 years experience, amassing a career win percentage of .798 with a career record of 611–154. He earned his 400th win in January 2003, when Kansas beat the University of Wyoming. Coach Williams won his 500th career game against High Point University on December 9, 2006 in Chapel Hill. On November 29, 2009, Williams earned his 600th career victory by defeating the University of Nevada. Williams became only the 33rd coach in Division I Men's Basketball history, as well as the third-fastest, to achieve at least 600 career wins. On April 4, 2005, Williams shed his title as "the most successful coach to never have won an NCAA ring" as his Tar Heels defeated the University of Illinois in the 2005 NCAA Championship game. He would again lead them to victory 4 years later, defeating the Michigan State Spartans in the 2009 NCAA Championship game on April 6, 2009. Williams is the fourth active coach, and thirteenth overall, to win multiple National Championships. In 2007, Williams was inducted into the Basketball Hall of Fame .
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Rudolph Palm
Rudolph Palm (Curaçao, 11 January 1880 – Curaçao, 11 September 1950) is a Curaçao born composer.
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Russell Alan Hulse
Russell Alan Hulse (born November 28, 1950) is an American physicist and winner of the Nobel Prize in Physics, shared with his thesis advisor Joseph Hooton Taylor Jr., "for the discovery of a new type of pulsar, a discovery that has opened up new possibilities for the study of gravitation". He was a specialist in the pulsar studies and gravitational waves.
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Samuel Alito
Samuel Anthony Alito, Jr. (; born April 1, 1950) is an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. He was nominated by President George W. Bush and has served on the court since January 31, 2006.
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Sara Allgood
Sara Allgood (October 15, 1879 – September 13, 1950) was an Irish actress.
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Sarah Brown (spouse)
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Seiichi Hatano
(21 July 1877–17 January 1950) was a Japanese philosopher, best known for his work in the
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Sheila Jackson-Lee
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Shirley Temple
Shirley Temple (born April 23, 1928) is an American film and television actress, autobiographer, and public servant. She began her screen career in 1932 at the age of three, and, in 1934, skyrocketed to superstardom in Bright Eyes, a feature film designed specifically for her talents. She received a special Academy Award in February 1935, and blockbusting super hits such as Curly Top and Heidi followed year after year during the mid to late 1930s. Licensed merchandise that capitalized on her wholesome image included dolls, dishes, and clothing. Her box office popularity waned as she reached adolescence and she left the film industry at the age of twelve to attend high school. She appeared in a few films of varying quality in her mid to late teens, and retired completely from the silver screen in 1950 at the age of twenty-one. She was the top box-office draw four years in a row (1935–1938) in a Motion Picture Herald poll.
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Sihem Bensedrine
Sihem Bensedrine (born October 28, 1950) is a Tunisian journalist and human rights activist.
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Simon Cadell
Simon John Cadell (19 July 1950 – 6 March 1996) was an English actor.
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Sri Aurobindo
Sri Aurobindo (Aurobindo Ghose) ( Sri Ôrobindo) (15 August 1872 – 5 December 1950) was an Indian nationalist and freedom fighter, major Indian English poet, philosopher, and yogi. He joined the movement for India's freedom from British rule and for a duration (1905–10), became one of its most important leaders, before turning to developing his own vision and philosophy of human progress and spiritual evolution.
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Stanley Livingston
Stanley Livingston (born on November 24, 1950, in Los Angeles, California) is an American actor, best known for playing Richard "Chip" Douglas, the third son of Steve Douglas (Fred MacMurray) on the long running television series My Three Sons. He and MacMurray were the only actors to appear throughout the series. His younger brother Barry Livingston played his adopted brother Ernie in later seasons.
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Steve Erickson
Stephen Michael Erickson (born April 20, 1950) is an American novelist, essayist and film critic. He is considered an important representative of the Avantpop movement.
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Stevie Wonder
Stevland Hardaway Judkins (born May 13, 1950), name later changed to Stevland Hardaway Morris, known by his stage name Stevie Wonder, is an American singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, record producer and activist. Blind from shortly after birth, Wonder signed with Motown Records' Tamla label at the age of eleven, and continues to perform and record for Motown to this day.
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T. S. Eliot
Thomas Stearns Eliot OM (September 26, 1888 – January 4, 1965) was an American-born English poet, playwright, and literary critic, arguably the most important English-language poet of the 20th century. The poem that made his name, The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock—started in 1910 and published in Chicago in 1915—is regarded as a masterpiece of the modernist movement, and was followed by some of the best-known poems in the English language, including Gerontion (1920), The Waste Land (1922), The Hollow Men (1925), Ash Wednesday (1930), and Four Quartets (1945). He is also known for his seven plays, particularly Murder in the Cathedral (1935). He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1948.
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Tadeus Reichstein
Tadeusz Reichstein (July 20, 1897 – August 1, 1996) was a Polish-born Swiss chemist and Nobel laureate.
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Taiwan
Taiwan, also known (especially in the past) as Formosa (from , "Beautiful Island"), is an island situated in East Asia in the Western Pacific Ocean and located off the southeastern coast of mainland China. It comprises most (99%) of the territory of the Republic of China (ROC) since the 1950s. The term "Taiwan" is also a common name to refer to the entire country of the Republic of China.
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Takeshi Kaga
is a well known stage and movie actor in Japan who is probably best known internationally for his portrayal of Chairman Kaga in the Japanese television show Iron Chef produced by Fuji TV. His real name is .
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Teddy Pendergrass
Theodore DeReese "Teddy" Pendergrass (March 26, 1950 – January 13, 2010) was an American R&B;/soul singer and songwriter. Pendergrass first rose to fame as lead singer of Harold Melvin & the Blue Notes in the 1970s before a successful solo career at the end of the decade. In 1982, he was severely injured in an auto accident in Philadelphia, resulting in his being paralyzed from the waist down. After his injury, the affable entertainer founded the Teddy Pendergrass Alliance, a foundation that helps those with spinal cord injuries. Pendergrass commemorated 25 years of living after his spinal cord injury with star filled event, Teddy 25 - A Celebration of Life at Philadelphia's Kimmel Center. His last performance was on a PBS special at Atlantic City's Borgata Casino in November 2008.
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Thomas Blamey
Field Marshal Sir Thomas Albert Blamey GBE, KCB, CMG, DSO, ED (24 January 1884 – 27 May 1951) was an Australian General of the Second World War and the first, and to date only, Australian to attain the rank of Field Marshal.
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Tim Russert
Timothy John "Tim" Russert (May 7, 1950 – June 13, 2008) was an American television journalist and lawyer who appeared for more than 16 years as the longest-serving moderator of NBC's Meet the Press. He was a senior vice president at NBC News, Washington bureau chief and also hosted the eponymous CNBC/MSNBC weekend interview program Tim Russert. He was a frequent correspondent and guest on NBC's The Today Show and Hardball. Russert covered several presidential elections, and he presented the NBC News/Wall Street Journal survey on the NBC Nightly News during the 2008 U.S. presidential election. Time magazine included Russert in its list of the 100 most influential people in the world in 2008. Russert was posthumously revealed as a 30-year source for syndicated columnist Robert Novak.
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Tom Kelly (baseball)
Jay Thomas Kelly (born August 15, 1950 in Graceville, Minnesota), is the former manager of the Minnesota Twins baseball team from to . Currently, he serves as a Special Assistant to the General Manager for the Twins.
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Tom Petty
Thomas Earl "Tom" Petty (born October 20, 1950) is an American singer-songwriter and multi-instrumentalist. He is the frontman of Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers and was a founding member of the late 1980s supergroup Traveling Wilburys and Mudcrutch. He has also performed under the pseudonyms of Charlie T. Wilbury, Jr. and Muddy Wilbury.
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Tom Towles
Tom Towles (born March 20, 1950) is an American actor.
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Tony Wilson
Anthony Howard Wilson, commonly known as Tony Wilson (20 February 1950 – 10 August 2007), was an English record label owner, radio presenter, TV show host, nightclub manager, impresario and journalist for Granada Television and the BBC.
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Trinidad Silva
Trinidad Silva, Jr. (January 30, 1950 – July 31, 1988) was an American actor who played small supporting roles in a number of films of the 1980s. His television work includes the role of Jesus Martinez on the television series Hill Street Blues.
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Tsui Hark
Tsui Hark (born Tsui Man-kong; 15 February 1950) is a New Wave film director in Hong Kong and a highly influential producer. He is viewed as a major figure in the Golden Age of Hong Kong cinema (typically early 1980s to mid 1990s).
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Vaslav Nijinsky
Vaslav (or Vatslav) Nijinsky (French transcription; ; / Vatslav Fomich Nizhinskiy; March 12, 1890 - April 8, 1950) was a Russian ballet dancer and choreographer of Polish descent. He grew to be celebrated for his virtuosity and for the depth and intensity of his characterizations. He could perform en pointe, a rare skill among male dancers at the time (Albright, 2004) and his ability to perform seemingly gravity-defying leaps was also legendary. The choreographer Bronislava Nijinska was his sister.
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Vicente del Bosque
Vicente del Bosque González (; born 23 December 1950) is a retired Spanish footballer and World Cup winning manager. He is currently the manager of the Spanish national football team, taking over from Luis Aragonés following Spain's title success at Euro 2008, going on to lead Spain to win their first-ever World Cup two years later. He is known for coaching Real Madrid from 1999 to 2003, a very successful period in the club's history. He has worked for many years with assistant coach Toni Grande. His greatest achievement yet was coaching the Spanish national football team to win their first FIFA World Cup title in South Africa 2010. With that success, he follows Marcello Lippi in being a UEFA Champions League and World Cup-winning coach.
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Victor Yanukovych
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Walt Disney
Walter Elias "Walt" Disney (December 5, 1901 – December 15, 1966) was an American film producer, director, screenwriter, voice actor, animator, entrepreneur, entertainer, international icon, and philanthropist. Disney is famous for his influence in the field of entertainment during the 20th century. As the co-founder (with his brother Roy O. Disney) of Walt Disney Productions, Disney became one of the best-known motion picture producers in the world. The corporation he co-founded, now known as The Walt Disney Company, today has annual revenues of approximately U.S. $35 billion.
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Walter Huston
Walter Huston (; April 6, 1884 – April 7, 1950) was a Canadian-born American actor. He was the father of actor and director John Huston and the grandfather of actress Anjelica Huston and actor Danny Huston.
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Walton Walker
Walton Harris Walker (December 3, 1889 – December 23, 1950) was an American army officer and the first commander of the U.S. Eighth Army during the Korean War.
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Wendie Malick
Wendie Malick (born December 13, 1950) is an American actress and former fashion model.
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Wendy Wasserstein
Wendy Wasserstein (October 18, 1950 – January 30, 2006) was an American playwright and an Andrew Dickson White Professor-at-Large at Cornell University. She received the Tony Award for Best Play and the Pulitzer Prize for Drama in 1989 for her play The Heidi Chronicles.
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Werner Haase
Werner Haase (2 August 1900 – 30 November 1950) was an SS Obersturmbannführer (Lieutenant Colonel), professor of medicine and one of Adolf Hitler's personal physicians.
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Wernher von Braun
Wernher Magnus Maximilian Freiherr von Braun (March 23, 1912 – June 16, 1977) was a German-American rocket scientist, engineer, space architect, and one of the leading figures in the development of rocket technology in Germany and the United States during and after World War II. A one-time member of the Nazi party and a commissioned SS officer, von Braun would later be regarded as the preeminent rocket engineer of the 20th century in his role with the United States civilian space agency NASA.
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William H. Macy
William Hall Macy, Jr. (born March 13, 1950) is an American actor and writer. He was nominated for an Academy Award for his role as Jerry Lundegaard in Fargo. He is also a teacher and director in theater, film and television. His film career has been built mostly on his appearances in small, independent films, though he has appeared in summer action films as well. Macy has described his screen persona as "sort of a Middle American, WASPy, Lutheran kind of guy... Everyman". He has won two Emmy Awards and a Screen Actors Guild Award, being nominated for nine Emmy Awards and seven Screen Actors Guild Awards in total. He is also a three-time Golden Globe Award nominee.
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Winston Churchill
Sir Winston Leonard Spencer-Churchill, (30 November 187424 January 1965) was a British politician and statesman known for his leadership of the United Kingdom during the Second World War (WWII). He is widely regarded as one of the great wartime leaders. He served as prime minister twice (1940–1945 and 1951–1955). A noted statesman and orator, Churchill was also an officer in the British Army, a historian, writer, and an artist. To date, he is the only British prime minister to have received the Nobel Prize in Literature, and the first person to be recognised as an honorary citizen of the United States.
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Yuen Wah
Yuen Wah (born 2 September 1950) is a Hong Kong based Chinese action film actor, action choreographer, stuntman and martial artist who has appeared in over 160 films since his first, Fist of Fury (1972) and over 20 television series.
http://wn.com/Yuen_Wah
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Agate Pass Bridge
The Agate Pass Bridge is a structural steel truss cantilever bridge spanning Agate Pass, connecting Bainbridge Island to the Kitsap Peninsula. It was built in 1950, and it replaced a car ferry service which dated from the 1920s. The bridge provides a direct route along Washington State Route 305 between Seattle, via the Seattle-Bainbridge Island ferry, and the Kitsap Peninsula.
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Assam
Assam (Assamese: অসম Ôxôm ) is a northeastern state of India with its capital at Dispur in the city of Guwahati. Located south of the eastern Himalayas, Assam comprises the Brahmaputra and the Barak river valleys along with the Karbi Anglong and the North Cachar Hills with an area of 30,285 square miles (78,438 km²). Assam is surrounded by six of the other Seven Sister States: Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Manipur, Mizoram, Tripura and Meghalaya. These states are connected to the rest of India via a narrow strip in West Bengal called the Siliguri Corridor or "Chicken's Neck". Assam also shares international borders with Bhutan and Bangladesh; and cultures, peoples and climate with South-East Asia – important elements in India’s Look East policy.
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Australia
{{Infobox country
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Battle of Inchon
The Battle of Inchon (, Hanja: 仁川上陸作戰, Incheon Sangnyuk Jakjeon; code name: Operation Chromite) was an amphibious invasion and battle of the Korean War that resulted in a decisive victory and strategic reversal in favor of the United Nations (UN).
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Belgium
Belgium (, ), officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a state in Western Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts the EU's headquarters, as well as those of several other major international organizations such as NATO. Belgium covers an area of , and it has a population of about 10.8 million people.
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Brussels
Brussels (, pronounced ; , pronounced ), officially the Brussels Region or Brussels-Capital Region (, Dutch: ), is the de facto capital city of the European Union (EU) and the largest urban area in Belgium. It comprises 19 municipalities, including the City of Brussels proper, which is the constitutional capital of Belgium, the seat of the French Community of Belgium and of the Flemish Community.
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California
California (pronounced ) is the most populous state in the United States and the third-largest by land area, after Alaska and Texas. California is also the most populous sub-national entity in North America. It's on the U.S. West Coast, bordered by the Pacific Ocean to the west and by the states of Oregon to the north, Nevada to the east, Arizona to the southeast, Baja California, Mexico, to the south. Its 5 largest cities are Los Angeles, San Diego, San Jose, San Francisco, and Long Beach, with Los Angeles, San Diego, and San Jose each having at least 1 million residents. Like many populous states, California's capital, Sacramento is smaller than the state's largest city, Los Angeles. The state is home to the nation's 2nd- and 6th-largest census statistical areas and 8 of the nation's 50 most populous cities. California has a varied climate and geography and a multi-cultural population.
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Caracas
Caracas (), officially Santiago de León de Caracas, is the capital and largest city of Venezuela; natives or residents are known as Caraqueños. It is located in the northern part of the country, following the contours of the narrow Caracas Valley on the Venezuelan coastal mountain range (Cordillera de la Costa). The valley's temperatures are springlike. Terrain suitable for building lies between above sea level. The valley is close to the Caribbean Sea, separated from the coast by a steep 2200 m (7400 ft) high mountain range, Cerro Ávila; to the south there are more hills and mountains.
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China
China is seen variously as an ancient civilization extending over a large area in East Asia, a nation and/or a multinational entity.
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City of Halifax
The City of Halifax (est. 1841) was the capital of the province of Nova Scotia and shire town of Halifax County, and was the largest city in Atlantic Canada until it was amalgamated into Halifax Regional Municipality in 1996. It is no longer an incorporated city and is a community of HRM.
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Curaçao
Curaçao (; , Papiamentu: Kòrsou) is an island in the southern Caribbean Sea, off the Venezuelan coast. The Country of Curaçao (Dutch: Land Curaçao, Papiamentu: Pais Kòrsou), which includes the main island plus the small, uninhabited island of Klein Curaçao ("Little Curaçao"), is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. Its capital is Willemstad.
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Darlington Raceway
Darlington Raceway is a race track built for NASCAR racing located near Darlington, South Carolina. It is nicknamed the "Lady in Black" and "The Track Too Tough to Tame" by many NASCAR fans and drivers and advertised as "A NASCAR Tradition". It is of a unique, somewhat egg-shaped design, an oval with the ends of very different configurations, a condition which supposedly arose from the proximity of one end of the track to a minnow pond the owner refused to relocate. This situation makes it very challenging for the crews to set up their cars' handling in a way that will be effective at both ends.
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Davenport, Iowa
Davenport is a city located along the Mississippi River in Scott County, Iowa, United States. Davenport is the county seat of and largest city in Scott County. Davenport was founded on May 14, 1836 by Antoine LeClaire and was named for his friend, George Davenport. As of the 2000 census, the city had a population of 98,359. A 2009 estimate shows the population has increased slightly to 101,360, making it Iowa's third-largest city. As of 2010, the mayor of Davenport is Bill Gluba. Davenport is one of and the largest of the Quad Cities. The Quad Cities also consists of neighboring Bettendorf and the Illinois cities of Moline, East Moline, and Rock Island. The Quad Cities has a population of 379,066.
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Denmark
Denmark (; , , archaic: ), officially the Kingdom of Denmark (Danish: ) together with Greenland and the Faroe Islands, is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe. It is the southernmost of the Nordic countries, southwest of Sweden and south of Norway, and bordered to the south by Germany. Denmark borders both the Baltic and the North Sea. The country consists of a large peninsula, Jutland (Jylland) and many islands, most notably Zealand (Sjælland), Funen (Fyn), Vendsyssel-Thy (commonly considered a part of Jutland), Lolland, Falster and Bornholm, as well as hundreds of minor islands often referred to as the Danish Archipelago. Denmark has long controlled the approach to the Baltic Sea; before the digging of the Kiel Canal, water passage to the Baltic Sea was possible only through the three channels known as the "Danish straits".
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East Germany
The German Democratic Republic (GDR; German: Deutsche Demokratische Republik or DDR), informally called East Germany by the West, was the socialist state established in 1949 in the Soviet zone of occupied Germany and in the East Berlin portion of the Allied-occupied capital city. The German Democratic Republic, which consisted geographically of northeast Germany rather than all of eastern Germany, had an area of 107,771 km2. (41,610 mi.2), bordering Czechoslovakia in the south, West Germany (officially: Federal Republic of Germany) in the south and west, the Baltic Sea to the north, and Poland in the east.
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Edinburgh
Edinburgh (, or ; Scots: Edinburgh ; Scottish Gaelic: Dùn Èideann) is the capital city of Scotland, the second largest city in Scotland after Glasgow and the seventh-most populous in the United Kingdom. The City of Edinburgh Council is one of Scotland's 32 local government council areas. The council area includes urban Edinburgh and a 30-square-mile (78 km2) rural area.
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Egypt
Egypt (; , Miṣr, ; Egyptian Arabic: مصر, Maṣr, ; Coptic: , ; Greek: Αίγυπτος, Aiguptos; Egyptian:
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England
England () is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west and the North Sea to the east, with the English Channel to the south separating it from continental Europe. Most of England comprises the central and southern part of the island of Great Britain in the North Atlantic. The country also includes over 100 smaller islands such as the Isles of Scilly and the Isle of Wight.
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English Channel
The English Channel (, the "sleeve") is an arm of the Atlantic Ocean that separates Great Britain from northern France, and joins the North Sea to the Atlantic. It is about long and varies in width from at its widest, to only in the Strait of Dover. It is the smallest of the shallow seas around the continental shelf of Europe, covering an area of some .
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Faslane
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Finland
Finland (pronounced ), officially the Republic of Finland, is a Nordic country situated in the Fennoscandian region of Northern Europe. It is bordered by Sweden on the west, Norway on the north and Russia on the east, while Estonia lies to its south across the Gulf of Finland.
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France
{{Infobox Country
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Germany
Germany (), officially the Federal Republic of Germany (, ), is a country in Western Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium, and the Netherlands. The territory of Germany covers 357.021 km2 and is influenced by a temperate seasonal climate. With 81.8 million inhabitants, it is the most populous member state of the European Union, and home to the third-largest number of international migrants worldwide.
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Greece
Greece (; , Elláda, ; , Hellás, ), also known as Hellas and officially the Hellenic Republic (Ελληνική Δημοκρατία, Ellīnikī́ Dīmokratía, ), is a country in southeastern Europe. Situated on the southern end of the Balkan Peninsula, Greece has land borders with Albania, the Republic of Macedonia and Bulgaria to the north, and Turkey to the east. The Aegean Sea lies to the east of mainland Greece, the Ionian Sea to the west, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south. Greece has the tenth longest coastline in the world at in length, featuring a vast number of islands (approximately 1400, of which 227 are inhabited), including Crete, the Dodecanese, the Cyclades, and the Ionian Islands among others. Eighty percent of Greece consists of mountains, of which Mount Olympus is the highest at .
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Gujarat
Gujarat (, , , ) is a state in India. Its capital is Gandhinagar, while its largest city is Ahmedabad. Gujarat is home to the Gujarati speaking people of India. The state encompasses major sites of the Indus Valley Civilization such as Lothal and Dholavira. Gujarat played an important role in the economic history of India throughout the history of India. It is home to major ports in India's ancient and modern history, leading it to become one of the main trade and commerce center of India. Lothal, one of the world's first ports, is located in Gujarat. Mohandas Gandhi, considered as India's "father of the nation", was a Gujarati who led the Indian Independence Movement against the British rule. Even today, Gujarat has one of the fastest growing economies in India.
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Hawaii
: For geographic details see Geography and environment or Hawaiian Islands.
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Incheon
Incheon (), officially the Incheon Metropolitan City, is South Korea's third largest metropolis, after Seoul and Busan. As the largest seaport on the west coast and home to the country's largest airport, Incheon International Airport, Incheon is South Korea's most important transport hub. In the 21st century, Incheon has transformed into a global business hub centered around the high-tech and futuristic Songdo International City, which is home to South Korea's tallest building, the 305m supertall Northeast Asia Trade Tower.
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India
India (), officially the Republic of India ( ; see also official names of India), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.18 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world. Mainland India is bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the west, and the Bay of Bengal on the east; and it is bordered by Pakistan to the west; Bhutan, the People's Republic of China and Nepal to the north; and Bangladesh and Burma to the east. In the Indian Ocean, mainland India and the Lakshadweep Islands are in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives, while India's Andaman and Nicobar Islands share maritime border with Thailand and the Indonesian island of Sumatra in the Andaman Sea. India has a coastline of .
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Indonesia
Indonesia ( or ), officially the Republic of Indonesia (), is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania. Indonesia comprises 17,508 islands. With a population of around 238 million people, it is the world's fourth most populous country, and has the world's largest population of Muslims. Indonesia is a republic, with an elected legislature and president. The nation's capital city is Jakarta. The country shares land borders with Papua New Guinea, East Timor, and Malaysia. Other neighboring countries include Singapore, Philippines, Australia, and the Indian territory of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Indonesia is a founding member of ASEAN and a member of the G-20 major economies.
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Israel
Israel (, ''Yisrā'el; , Isrā'īl), officially the State of Israel (Hebrew: , Medīnat Yisrā'el; , Dawlat Isrā'īl''), is a parliamentary republic in the Middle East located on the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea. It borders Lebanon in the north, Syria in the northeast, Jordan and the West Bank in the east, Egypt and Gaza on the southwest, and contains geographically diverse features within its relatively small area. Israel is the world's only predominantly Jewish state, and is defined as A Jewish and Democratic State by the Israeli government.
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Italy
Italy (; ), officially the Italian Republic (), is a country located in south-central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and Slovenia along the Alps. To the south it consists of the entirety of the Italian Peninsula, Sicily, Sardinia — the two largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea — and many other smaller islands. The independent states of San Marino and the Vatican City are enclaves within Italy, whilst Campione d'Italia is an Italian exclave in Switzerland. The territory of Italy covers some and is influenced by a temperate seasonal climate. With 60.4 million inhabitants, it is the sixth most populous country in Europe, and the twenty-third most populous in the world.
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Jerusalem
Jerusalem ( , ; Arabic: , al-Quds Sharif, "The Holy Sanctuary") is the capital of Israel, though not internationally recognized as such. If the area and population of East Jerusalem is included, it is Israel's largest city in both population and area, with a population of 763,800 residents over an area of . Located in the Judean Mountains, between the Mediterranean Sea and the northern edge of the Dead Sea, modern Jerusalem has grown far beyond the boundaries of the Old City.
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Jordan
{{Infobox Country
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Knesset
The Knesset (, ; lit. the gathering or assembly; al-Knīsat) is the unicameral legislature of Israel, located in Givat Ram, Jerusalem.
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Libya
Libya ( ; Libyan vernacular: Lībya ; Amazigh: ), officially the '''Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya ( , also translated as Socialist People's Libyan Arab Great Jamahiriya'''), is a country located in North Africa. Bordering the Mediterranean Sea to the north, Libya lies between Egypt to the east, Sudan to the southeast, Chad and Niger to the south, and Algeria and Tunisia to the west.
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London
London () is the capital of England and the United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its founding by the Romans, who called it Londinium. London's core, the ancient City of London, largely retains its square-mile mediaeval boundaries. Since at least the 19th century, the name London has also referred to the metropolis developed around this core. The bulk of this conurbation forms the London region and the Greater London administrative area, governed by the elected Mayor of London and the London Assembly.
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Moluccas
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Netherlands
{{Infobox country
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New Cumnock
New Cumnock (Scottish Gaelic: Cumnag Nuadh) is a place in East Ayrshire, Scotland. It expanded during the coal mining era but, like so many others, suffered after the deep shaft pits closed in the 1980's. The town is south east of Cumnock, and east of Ayr.
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Nobel Peace Prize
The Nobel Peace Prize (Swedish and Norwegian: Nobels fredspris) is one of the five Nobel Prizes bequeathed by the Swedish industrialist and inventor Alfred Nobel.
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North Korea
North Korea, officially the '''Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK'''; Chosongul: 조선민주주의인민공화국), is a country in East Asia, occupying the northern half of the Korean Peninsula. Its capital and largest city is Pyongyang. The Korean Demilitarized Zone serves as the buffer zone between North Korea and South Korea. The Amnok River and the Tumen River form the border between North Korea and the People's Republic of China. A section of the Tumen River in the extreme northeast is the border with Russia.
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Nova Scotia
Nova Scotia (pronounced ; ) is one of Canada's three Maritime provinces and is the most populous province in Atlantic Canada. The provincial capital is Halifax. Nova Scotia is the second-smallest province in Canada with an area of . As of 2009, the population is 940,397, which makes Nova Scotia the second-most-densely populated province.
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Pakistan
{{Infobox country
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Peak District
The Peak District is an upland area in central and northern England, lying mainly in northern Derbyshire, but also covering parts of Cheshire, Greater Manchester, Staffordshire, and South and West Yorkshire.
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Persia
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Philippines
The Philippines ( ), officially known as the Republic of the Philippines (), is a country in Southeast Asia in the western Pacific Ocean. To its north across the Luzon Strait lies Taiwan. West across the South China Sea sits Vietnam. The Sulu Sea to the southwest lies between the country and the island of Borneo, and to the south the Celebes Sea separates it from other islands of Indonesia. It is bounded on the east by the Philippine Sea. Its location on the Pacific Ring of Fire and its tropical climate make the Philippines prone to earthquakes and typhoons but have also endowed the country with natural resources and made it one of the richest areas of biodiversity in the world. An archipelago comprising 7,107 islands, the Philippines is categorized broadly into three main geographical divisions: Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao. Its capital city is Manila.
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Poland
Poland (), officially the Republic of Poland (Rzeczpospolita Polska), is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north. The total area of Poland is , making it the 69th largest country in the world and the 9th largest in Europe. Poland has a population of over 38 million people, which makes it the 34th most populous country in the world and the sixth most populous member of the European Union, being its most populous Slavic member.
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Republic of China
The Republic of China (ROC), commonly known as Taiwan, is a state in East Asia located off the east coast of mainland China. Subject to an ongoing dispute with the People's Republic of China (PRC) that has left it with limited formal diplomatic relations, the government of the Republic of China currently governs the islands of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen, Matsu and other minor islands. Neighbouring states include the People's Republic of China to the west, Japan to the northeast, and the Philippines to the south.
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Rome
Rome (; , ; ) is the capital of Italy and the country's largest and most populated city and comune, with over 2.7 million residents in . In 2006 the population of the metropolitan area was estimated by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development to have a population of 3.7 million.
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Russia
Russia (; ), also officially known as the Russian Federation (), is a state in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects. From northwest to southeast, Russia shares borders with Norway, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland (both via Kaliningrad Oblast), Belarus, Ukraine, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, the People's Republic of China, Mongolia, and North Korea. It also has maritime borders with Japan by the Sea of Okhotsk and the United States by the Bering Strait. At , Russia is the largest country in the world, covering more than a ninth of the Earth's land area. Russia is also the ninth most populous nation with 142 million people. It extends across the whole of northern Asia and 40% of Europe, spanning 9 time zones and incorporating a wide range of environments and landforms. Russia has the world's largest reserves of mineral and energy resources. It has the world's largest forest reserves and its lakes contain approximately one-quarter of the world's fresh water.
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Sarawak
Sarawak () is one of two Malaysian states on the island of Borneo. Known as Bumi Kenyalang ("Land of the Hornbills"), it is situated on the north-west of the island. It is the largest state in Malaysia; the second largest, Sabah, lies to the northeast.
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Seoul
{{Infobox settlement
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Silverstone
Silverstone is a medium sized village in Northamptonshire, England. It is about from Towcester on the former A43 main road, from the M1 motorway junction 15A and about from the M40 motorway junction 10, Northampton, Milton Keynes and Banbury. The A43 now bypasses to the south-east of the village, between the village and the race circuit.
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Singapore
{{Infobox Country
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Somaliland
Somaliland (, Arḍ aṣ-Ṣūmāl) is an unrecognized state located in the Horn of Africa. It is regarded internationally as being an autonomous region of Somalia. The government of Somaliland, however, regards itself as the successor state to British Somaliland which was independent for a few days in 1960 as the State of Somaliland.
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South Africa
The Republic of South Africa is a country located at the southern tip of Africa, with a coastline on the Atlantic and Indian Oceans. To the north lie Namibia, Botswana and Zimbabwe; to the east are Mozambique and Swaziland; while Lesotho is an independent country wholly surrounded by South African territory.
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South Korea
South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea (ROK, , ) and sometimes referred to simply as Korea, is a state in East Asia, located on the southern portion of the Korean Peninsula. It is neighbored by the People's Republic of China to the west, Japan to the east, and North Korea to the north. Its capital is Seoul. South Korea lies in a temperate climate region with a predominantly mountainous terrain. Its territory covers a total area of 99,392 square kilometers and has a population of .
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Soviet
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Soviet Union
The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR, , abbreviated СССР, SSSR), informally known as the Soviet Union () or Soviet Russia, was a constitutionally socialist state that existed on the territory of most of the former Russian Empire in Eurasia between 1922 and 1991.
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Spain
Spain ( ; , ), officially the Kingdom of Spain (), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Its mainland is bordered to the south and east by the Mediterranean Sea except for a small land boundary with the British Overseas Territory of Gibraltar; to the north by France, Andorra, and the Bay of Biscay; and to the northwest and west by the Atlantic Ocean and Portugal.
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Suez Canal
The Suez Canal is an artificial sea-level waterway in Egypt, connecting the Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea. Opened in November 1869, it allows water transportation between Europe and Asia without navigating around Africa. The northern terminus is Port Said and the southern terminus is Port Tawfik at the city of Suez. Ismailia lies on its west bank, north of the half-way point.
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Sweden
Sweden (pronounced , ), officially the Kingdom of Sweden (Swedish: ), is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden has land borders with Norway to the west and Finland to the northeast, and water borders with Denmark, Germany, and Poland to the south, and Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and Russia to the east. Sweden is also connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund.
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Taipei
Taipei City (; literally "Northern Taiwan City") is the largest city of Taiwan and the capital of the Republic of China (commonly known as "Taiwan"). Situated at the tip of the island, Taipei is located on the Danshui River, and is about 25 km southwest of Keelung, its port on the Pacific Ocean. Another coastal city, Danshui, is about 20 km northwest at the river's mouth on the Taiwan Strait. It lies in the two relatively narrow valleys of the Keelung (基隆河) and Xindian (新店溪) rivers, which join to form the Danshui River along the city's western border. The city proper (Taipei City) is home to an estimated 2,607,428 people. Taipei City, Taipei County, and Keelung City together form the Taipei metropolitan area with a population of 6,776,264. However, they are administered under different local governing bodies. "Taipei" sometimes refers to the whole metropolitan area, while "Taipei City" refers to the city proper.
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Taiwan
Taiwan, also known (especially in the past) as Formosa (from , "Beautiful Island"), is an island situated in East Asia in the Western Pacific Ocean and located off the southeastern coast of mainland China. It comprises most (99%) of the territory of the Republic of China (ROC) since the 1950s. The term "Taiwan" is also a common name to refer to the entire country of the Republic of China.
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Tel Aviv
Tel Aviv-Yafo (Hebrew: , lit. "Spring Hill"-Jaffa; , ''Tall 'Abib''), usually referred to as Tel Aviv, is the second-largest city in Israel, with an estimated population of 393,900. The city is situated on the Israeli Mediterranean coastline, with a land area of . It is the largest and most populous city in the metropolitan area of Gush Dan, home to 3.2 million people as of 2008. The city is governed by the Tel Aviv-Yafo municipality, headed by Ron Huldai. Residents of Tel Aviv are called Tel Avivians.
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Thames Estuary
The Thames Estuary is the estuary in which the River Thames meets the waters of the North Sea.
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Tollund Man
The Tollund Man is the naturally mummified corpse of a man who lived during the 4th century BC, during the time period characterised in Scandinavia as the Pre-Roman Iron Age. He was found in 1950 buried in a peat bog on the Jutland Peninsula in Denmark, which preserved his body. Such a find is known as a bog body. The head and face were so well-preserved that he was mistaken at the time of discovery for a recent murder victim.
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Turkey
Turkey (), known officially as the Republic of Turkey (), is a Eurasian country that stretches across the Anatolian peninsula in western Asia and Thrace in the Balkan region of southeastern Europe. Turkey is one of the six independent Turkic states. Turkey is bordered by eight countries: Bulgaria to the northwest; Greece to the west; Georgia to the northeast; Armenia, Azerbaijan (the exclave of Nakhchivan) and Iran to the east; and Iraq and Syria to the southeast. The Mediterranean Sea and Cyprus are to the south; the Aegean Sea to the west; and the Black Sea is to the north. The Sea of Marmara, the Bosphorus and the Dardanelles (which together form the Turkish Straits) demarcate the boundary between Eastern Thrace and Anatolia; they also separate Europe and Asia.
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United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK, or Britain) is a country and sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island nation, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of the island of Ireland, and many smaller islands. Northern Ireland is the only part of the UK with a land border with another sovereign state, sharing it with the Republic of Ireland. Apart from this land border, the UK is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, the North Sea, the English Channel and the Irish Sea. Great Britain is linked to continental Europe by the Channel Tunnel.
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Vatican City
Vatican City or Vatican City State, officially Stato della Città del Vaticano (), which translates literally as "State of the City of the Vatican", is a landlocked sovereign city-state whose territory consists of a walled enclave within the city of Rome, the capital city of Italy. It has an area of approximately , and a population of just over 800.
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Vietnam
Vietnam ( ; , ), officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (, ), is the easternmost country on the Indochina Peninsula in Southeast Asia. It is bordered by People's Republic of China (PRC) to the north, Laos to the northwest, Cambodia to the southwest, and the South China Sea, referred to as East Sea (), to the east. With a population of over 86 million, Vietnam is the 13th most populous country in the world.
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War Office
The War Office was a department of the British Government, responsible for the administration of the British Army between the 17th century and 1963, when its functions were transferred to the Ministry of Defence. The name "War Office" is also often given to the former home of the department, the Old War Office Building on Horse Guards Avenue, London.
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West Bank
The West Bank (, , , ''HaGadah HaMa'aravit'') is a landlocked territory and is the eastern part of the Palestinian territories; on the west bank of the Jordan River in the Middle East. To the west, north, and south, the West Bank shares borders with the state of Israel. To the east, across the Jordan River, lies the country of Jordan. The West Bank also contains a significant coastline along the western bank of the Dead Sea. Since 1967, most of the West Bank has been under Israeli military occupation as what it calls the Judea and Samaria Area. A smaller part of the West Bank is administered by the Israeli civilian authorities as part of Jerusalem District.
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West Germany
West Germany () is the common English name for the Federal Republic of Germany or FRG () in the period between its creation in May 1949 to German reunification on 3 October 1990. This period, during which Germany and Berlin were divided, ended when communist East Germany was dissolved and its five states joined the eleven states of the Federal Republic of Germany. The enlarged Federal Republic of Germany with sixteen states (known simply as "Germany") is thus the continuation of the pre-1990 Federal Republic of Germany, and not its successor.
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Westminster Abbey
The Collegiate Church of St Peter at Westminster, which is almost always referred to popularly and informally as Westminster Abbey, is a large, mainly Gothic church, in Westminster, London, England (UK), located just to the west of the Palace of Westminster. It is the traditional place of coronation and burial site for English, later British and later still (and currently) monarchs of the Commonwealth Realms. It briefly held the status of a cathedral from 1546–1556, and is a Royal Peculiar.
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winter storm
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Yugoslavia
Yugoslavia (Croatian, Serbian, Slovene: Jugoslavija; Macedonian, Serbian Cyrillic: Југославија) is a term that describes three political entities that existed successively on the western part of Balkan Peninsula in Europe, during most of the 20th century.
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- 1970
- 22nd Academy Awards
- ABBA
- Abdullah Gül
- Adhan
- Adnan Menderes
- Aerosmith
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1950's & 60's TV Commercials
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:39
- Published: 11 Feb 2008
- Uploaded: 30 Jan 2012
- Author: Adlerangriffe
Here is a compilation of classic TV commercials from the 50's and 60's.
http://wn.com/1950's_60's_TV_Commercials
The 1950's
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:56
- Published: 21 Jul 2007
- Uploaded: 30 Jan 2012
- Author: Davenport6529
Good times good music
http://wn.com/The_1950's
Shocking 1950's Commercial!
You simply will not believe what they did to this model's face to test a cold cream! See lots more crazy commercials at: www.tvparty.com
http://wn.com/Shocking_1950's_Commercial!
Bettie Page 1950
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:12
- Published: 30 Jul 2006
- Uploaded: 31 Jan 2012
- Author: pontebragas
Bettie Page
http://wn.com/Bettie_Page_1950
Christmas 1950
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:17
- Published: 25 Nov 2006
- Uploaded: 30 Jan 2012
- Author: famouspictures
As the spirit of Christmas unites all humanity, men and women everywhere reaffirm their faith in the brotherhood of man. The News Magazine of the Screen presents from around the world the spirit of Peace on Earth - Good Will Toward Men. Please enjoy a preview from Movies in Your Home! If you love rare, unusual, classic and vintage movies, you'll love our digitally restored and enhanced titles. Only the best possible versions will qualify to be placed in our electronic vaults for your viewing pleasure! Using Windows Media Player or Real Player with a high-speed internet connection, you'll enjoy Classic Cartoons, Vintage Newsreels, Movie Previews and Trailers, Rare Musical Varieties, Banned Commercials, Weird and Bizarre Educational films and much, much, amazingly much more! MoviesInYourHome.com Now Playing at MoviesInYourHome.com Abbott and Costello perform "Who's on First", Buster Keaton Comedies Sherlock Jr., The Goat, The Boat, Humphrey Bogart in John Huston's Beat the Devil, Betty Boop, Cab Calloway, Burns and Allen Show, Dragnet, Fats Waller, Hoagy Carmichael, Louis Armstrong, Gene Krupa, Duke Ellington Musical Varieties, Francis Ford Coppola's Dementia 13, Colgate Comedy Hour, HG Wells Things to Come, Basil Rathbone in Sherlock Holmes, Plan 9 from Outer Space, Rare Alfred Hitchcock and Orson Welles trailers, Fred Astaire in Royal Wedding, Cary Grant in His Girl Friday, Laurel and Hardy, Banned TV Commercials, Carnival of Souls, Killers from Space, Bob Hope in My <b>...</b>
http://wn.com/Christmas_1950
Boys Beware - 1950's AntiGay Video
Video talking about homosexuality as a disease.
http://wn.com/Boys_Beware__1950's_AntiGay_Video
The Tennessee Waltz - singer Patti Page 1950
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:19
- Published: 03 Jan 2008
- Uploaded: 31 Jan 2012
- Author: burltable449
Her biggest hit was "The Tennessee Waltz", which was also released in 1950. "The Tennessee Waltz" was #1 for thirteen weeks in 1950 en.wikipedia.org written by Redd Stewart and Pee Wee King in 1947, popularized by Patti Page and by Les Paul and Mary Ford in 1950 ------------------------- I was waltzing with my darlin' to the Tennesse waltz when an old friend I happened to see. I introduced him to my loved one, and while they were waltzing my friend stole my sweet-heart from me. I remember the night and the Tennessee waltz. Now I know just how much I have lost. Yes I lost my little darlin' the night they were playing the beautiful Tennessee waltz. I was waltzing with my darlin' to the Tennesse waltz when an old friend I happened to see. I introduced him to my loved one, and while they were waltzing my friend stole my sweet-heart from me. I remember the night and the Tennessee waltz. Now I know just how much I have lost. Yes I lost my little darlin' the night they were playing the beautiful Tennessee waltz.
http://wn.com/The_Tennessee_Waltz__singer_Patti_Page_1950
Bicycle Safety (1950)
Points out that the bicycle rider is responsible for maintaining the bicycle in good condition, obeying traffic rules and watching out for others. The film also reads like a laundry list of hazardous things to attempt on your bicycle! But, for better urban bike riding skills: www.bikexprt.com
http://wn.com/Bicycle_Safety_1950
Two Ford Freedom - 1950's TV Ad
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:38
- Published: 19 Oct 2006
- Uploaded: 31 Jan 2012
- Author: RetroRacer13
1950's Ford TV commercial.
http://wn.com/Two_Ford_Freedom__1950's_TV_Ad
1950's Fifth Wheel Parking Concept
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:05
- Published: 26 Feb 2011
- Uploaded: 30 Jan 2012
- Author: twentyXseven
In the 1950s in California someone invented a retractable fifth wheel to aid in parking. Genius.
http://wn.com/1950's_Fifth_Wheel_Parking_Concept
Real 1950s Rock ＆Roll, Rockabilly dance from lindy hop !
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:18
- Published: 18 Oct 2009
- Uploaded: 31 Jan 2012
- Author: velozveloz
Real 1950s Rock ＆Roll, Rockabilly dance teenage style !
http://wn.com/Real_1950s_Rock_＆Roll,_Rockabilly_dance_from_lindy_hop_!
Breast Education: 1950's Sex Ed Parody
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:34
- Published: 15 May 2009
- Uploaded: 31 Jan 2012
- Author: TotallySketch
If sex & breasts were a subject in school, you would have been an A+ student! Business Inquiries Only: media@totallysketch.com FOLLOW www.twitter.com SUBSCRIBE: www.youtube.com Starring Ryan Kidd Steve Greene Breeana Essrig www.breeligion.com Music Conner Fabiano Cinematography Dave Eaton Gaffer Colin Pierce Writer/Director Michael Gallagher www.twitter.com © 2009 Totally Sketch, All Rights Reserved.
http://wn.com/Breast_Education_1950's_Sex_Ed_Parody
Amedeo Minghi - 1950
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:35
- Published: 31 Aug 2008
- Uploaded: 29 Jan 2012
- Author: SonoS0L0Canzonette
Come profumi, che gonna che bella che sei, che gambe ! Che passi sull'asfalto di Roma. Serenella, in questo vento di mare, di pini, nel nostro anno tra la guerra ed il Duemila. Dal conservatorio all'università, la bicicletta non va, e Tu che aspetti me, con i capelli giù io li carezzerò, seduti al nostro caffè.. Serenella.. La radio trasmetterà la canzone che ho pensato per Te, e forse attraverserà l'Oceano lontano da noi: l'ascolteranno gli Americani che proprio ieri sono andati via e con le loro camicie a fiori colorano le nostre vie ed i nostri giorni di primavera. Che profumano dei tuoi capelli !! E dei tuoi occhi così belli spalancati sul futuro e chiusi su di me nel novecentocinquanta.... Amore, ma come stiamo bene al sole.... Amore da quest'anno tu, sarai con me. E' tondo quest'anno, che tiro diretto e che bell'effetto al mio cuore, Serenella coi soldi cravatte, vestiti, dei fiori e una vespa per correre insieme al mare. Al mare di questa città alle onde, agli spruzzi che escono fuori dalle nostre fontane. E se c'è un pò di vento, ti bagnerai, mentre aspetti me al nostro caffè. Serenella. La radio trasmetterà la canzone che ho pensato per Te, e forse, attraverserà l'oceano lontano da noi, l'ascolteranno gli Americani che proprio ieri sono andati via, e con le loro camicie a fiori che colorano le nostre vie ei nostri giorni di primavera che profumano dei tuoi capelli!! e dei tuoi occhi così belli spalancati sul futuro e chiusi su di me, nel novecentocinquanta.... E <b>...</b>
http://wn.com/Amedeo_Minghi__1950
Fashion in the 1950's
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:25
- Published: 14 Jan 2008
- Uploaded: 30 Jan 2012
- Author: torevalore05
A look back at fashion in the '50s, music is "Mr. Sandman" by the Chordettes.
http://wn.com/Fashion_in_the_1950's
Bad 1950s Invention
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 0:59
- Published: 30 Apr 2008
- Uploaded: 28 Jan 2012
- Author: diagonaluk
Boys & girls, we present The Duoped - a terrible invention from the 1950s that never took off. The other side of normal. Where else to find Diagonal View... FOLLOW us on Twitter: ow.ly or LIKE us on Facebook: ow.ly Strange talents, shocking stories, dangerous stunts...see it all here @ www.youtube.com
http://wn.com/Bad_1950s_Invention
JUDY GARLAND "GET HAPPY" (SUMMER STOCK, 1950)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:52
- Published: 25 Aug 2007
- Uploaded: 31 Jan 2012
- Author: hanselgretelhg
JUDY GARLAND "GET HAPPY" Though it's called Summer Stock, this marvelous "let's put on a show" musical - the final one that showcased the peerless pair of Judy Garland and Gene Kelly - is a delight for all seasons. The story is simple: a homespun farm family allows a Broadway production company to rehearse its new show on their property - if the performers "pay" their way by pitching in with all the farm chores! But the pleasures are abundant: a show-stopping, all-star "Battle of the Dances" that starts out as a square dance and blossoms into a cavalcade of high-stepping dance favorites; Kelly's marvelous song and later dance to "You, Wonderful You;" four of the most popular comedic screen actors ever: Phil Silvers, Eddie Bracken, Hans Conried and Marjorie Main; and Garland's incomparable "Get Happy," a smashing sequence that's one of her peak movie moments.
http://wn.com/JUDY_GARLAND_GET_HAPPY_SUMMER_STOCK,_1950
1950s Italian Police Motorcycle Drill Team
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:17
- Published: 11 Aug 2008
- Uploaded: 30 Jan 2012
- Author: actualreverend
1950's Italian Police Motorcycle Drill Team Display
http://wn.com/1950s_Italian_Police_Motorcycle_Drill_Team
1950 Cyclocross Race.mp4
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:49
- Published: 22 Oct 2010
- Uploaded: 29 Jan 2012
- Author: connachtcycling
No carbon fibre or shiny lycra here boys. Theses dudes are tuff... Check out www.whatsoninsligo.com for more classic cycling videos
http://wn.com/1950_Cyclocross_Racemp4
Goofy in 'Motor Mania' (1950)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:06
- Published: 14 Aug 2008
- Uploaded: 30 Jan 2012
- Author: carltonreid
www.quickrelease.tv Goofy stars as a Jekyll and Hyde character, Mr. Walker Wheeler. When he's a pedestrian he's mild-mannered and rational; when he's a driver he's mad and bad.
http://wn.com/Goofy_in_'Motor_Mania'_1950
1950's Music
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:51
- Published: 04 Jun 2008
- Uploaded: 30 Jan 2012
- Author: originalDimer
School project
http://wn.com/1950's_Music
Treasure Island (1950)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 95:51
- Published: 06 Jul 2011
- Uploaded: 31 Jan 2012
- Author: MrLimeyBob
Treasure Island is a 1950 Disney adventure film, adapted from the Robert Louis Stevenson's novel Treasure Island. It starred Bobby Driscoll as Jim Hawkins, and Robert Newton as Long John Silver. It was Disney's first completely live-action film and the first screen version of Treasure Island made in color. I now have tghe first 15 minutes of the 1954 (Australian made) follow up tot his film; 'Long John Silver.' Unfortunately as I've lost the facility to post videos of upto 2 hours, I've only posted the first 15 minutes of this film.
http://wn.com/Treasure_Island_1950
1950 - What Makes a Good Party
1950s educational video about what, infact, makes a "good" party.
http://wn.com/1950__What_Makes_a_Good_Party
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US Coastguard / Petty Officer 1st Class David Mosley.
US Coastguard / Petty Officer 1st Class David Mosley.
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28 Feb 2012
Anybody wondering whether Kobe Bryant will play Wednesday against Minnesota? You'll have to wait a bit. Bryant will see an ear, nose and throat specialist Tuesday, a Lakers spokesman said....
photo: AP / Bebeto Matthews
28 Feb 2012
Today in a Black History Month special, we spend the hour with the award-winning author Walter Mosley, who many people were introduced to when Bill Clinton praised his book while running for...
photo: WN / Marzena
25 Feb 2012
1. Twin Towers Two years from now the staffs of Vanity Fair and the New Yorker will move into the most haunted building in the world. There, the elite of American celebrity...
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BBC News
There have been calls for a return to the...(size: 0.3Kb)
Film Review: Destination Moon (1950)
28 Feb 2012
Issue One: Gas drilling and HB 1950
26 Feb 2012
Pittsburgh Post-Gazette
Toxic cover-up Every community should be very afraid of what HB 1950 has done. Under the guise of obtaining a so-called "impact fee," our legislators became complicit in a huge toxic cover-up. While being micro-managed by the gas drilling industry, Pennsylvania legislators made the unthinkable...(size: 3.2Kb)
February 25th, 1950
25 Feb 2012
Irish Times
FROM THE ARCHIVES:�Artist Paul Henry was prompted by the death of his friend Robert Lynd, a writer, journalist and fellow Belfastman, to recall their youth in two articles, from which this is an extract. - JOE JOYCE� When my Paris days were over I was faced by the devastating prospect of living by...(size: 2.9Kb)
February 24th, 1950
24 Feb 2012
Irish Times
FROM THE ARCHIVES:�Myles na gCopaleen took issue with some enduring Irish traits in this column 60-odd years ago. - It is many years now, of course, but when I originally took over the Santry estate and carried out my famous "clearance" - some 200 peasants had to take ship for distant Barbadoes...(size: 3.0Kb)
The Guardian
As leaders meet in London to discuss the future of Somalia, we look at some of the key moments...(size: 0.6Kb)
February 20th, 1950
20 Feb 2012
Irish Times
FROM THE ARCHIVES:�With wartime conditions finally easing five years after the conflict ended the Archbishop of Dublin, John Charles McQuaid, reminded Catholics of their Lenten duties, and of a long list of other instructions from education to communism. - JOE JOYCE� OWING TO the restoration of more...(size: 2.9Kb)
Leila Majnu 1950
18 Feb 2012
The Hindu
The tale of the star-crossed lovers Leila and Majnu is known for many centuries, and owes its origin to the famous Persian poet Nizami Ghanzavi's classic true story which took place a long time ago in today's Iraq. Expectedly, the story became internationally renowned, and with the Islamic...(size: 3.0Kb)
Huffington Post
The country's knowledge economy is beginning to get drowned out. Just 4.9 percent of all American jobs were in science or engineering fields in 2010, according to new Census data reported in The Wall Street Journal, down from 5.3 percent in 2000. That's the first time that number has declined in a...(size: 4.1Kb)
__NOTOC__
Year 1950 (MCML) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. It is also the index year, or year 0, that scientists use for before present figures.
January 1 – The International Police Association (IPA) – the largest police organization in the world – is formed.
January 5 – U.S. Senator Estes Kefauver introduces a resolution calling for an investigation of organized crime in the U.S.
January 6 – The United Kingdom recognizes the People's Republic of China; the Republic of China severs diplomatic relations with Britain in response.
January 7 – A fire consumes Mercy Hospital in Davenport, Iowa, killing 39 patients.
January 9 – The Israeli government recognizes the People's Republic of China.
January 11 – Huk guerrillas manhandle the town of Hermosa, Bataan in the Philippines.
January 12
* The British submarine ''Truculent'' collides with a Swedish oil tanker in the Thames Estuary and sinks; 64 die.
* Cold War: U.S. Secretary of State Dean Acheson delivers his 'Perimeter Speech', outlining the boundary of U.S. security guarantees.
January 13 – Finland forms diplomatic relations with the People's Republic of China.
January 17 – Great Brinks Robbery: Eleven thieves steal more than $2 million from an armored car in Boston, Massachusetts.
January 21 – Accused communist spy Alger Hiss is convicted of perjury.
January 23 – The Knesset passes a resolution that states Jerusalem is the capital of Israel.
January 24 – Cold War: Klaus Fuchs, German émigré and physicist, walks into London's War Office and confesses to being a Soviet spy: for 7 years, he passed top secret data on U.S. and British nuclear weapons research to the Soviet Union; formally charged February 2.
January 26 – India promulgates its constitution, forming a republic, and Rajendra Prasad is sworn in as its first president.
January 28 – Somaliland is put under Italian mandate.
January 29 – Lord Balfour criticizes the fact that rationing is still in force in Britain.
January 31
President Harry S. Truman orders the development of the hydrogen bomb, in response to the detonation of the Soviet Union's first atomic bomb in 1949.
* The last Kuomintang troops surrender in mainland China.
February 1 – Chiang Kai-shek is re-elected as a president of the Republic of China.
February 4 – Ingrid Bergman's illegitimate child arouses ire in the U.S.
February 6 – First Cabinet Secretary N.R.Pillai appointed in India.
February 8 – Payment first made by Diners Club card, in New York, first use of a charge card.
February 9 – Second Red Scare: In his speech to the Republican Women's Club at the McClure Hote in Wheeling, West Virginia, Senator Joseph McCarthy accuses the United States Department of State of being filled with 205 Communists.
February 11
* Two Viet Minh battalions attack a French base in French Indochina.
* Finland recognizes Indonesia.
February 12
* Pro-communist riots erupt in Paris.
* The European Broadcasting Union is founded.
* Albert Einstein warns that nuclear war could lead to mutual destruction.
February 13
* The U.S. Army begins to deploy anti-aircraft cannons to protect nuclear stations and military targets.
The U.S. Air Force loses a Convair B-36 bomber that carried an Mk-4 atomic bomb off the west coast of Canada, and produces the world's first Broken Arrow.
February 14 – Cold War:
* The Soviet Union and the People's Republic of China sign a mutual defense treaty.
In an election speech at Edinburgh, Winston Churchill proposes "a parley at the summit" with Soviet leaders, first use of term "summit" for such a meeting.
February 15
* Juho Kusti Paasikivi is re-elected president of Finland.
* Walt Disney releases his 12th animated film, ''Cinderella'' in Hollywood.
February 19 – Konrad Adenauer tries unsuccessfully to negotiate with East Germany to begin unification.
February 21 – Cunard liner RMS Aquitania arrives at the scrapyard in Faslane at the end of a 36 year career, The longest of any in the 20th Century.
February 23 – United Kingdom general election, 1950 : The Labour Party, led by Clement Attlee remains in office but the Tories, led by Winston Churchill increase their seats in the House of Commons.
March 1
* Klaus Fuchs is convicted in London of spying against both Britain and the United States for the Soviet Union, by giving to the latter top secret atomic bomb data.
* Acting Chinese President Li Tsung-jen ends his term in office.
* Chiang Kai-shek resumes his duties as Chinese president after moving his government to Taipei, Taiwan.
March 3 – Poland states that it intends to exile all Germans.
March 8
* The Soviet Union claims to have an atomic bomb.
* The first Volkswagen Type 2 (also known as the Microbus) rolls off the assembly line in Wolfsburg, Germany.
March 12 – A plane carrying returning rugby fans from Ireland to Wales crashes near Llandow, with the loss of 80 lives.
March 12–March 13 – In Belgium, the referendum over the monarchy shows 57.7% support the return of King Léopold III, 42.3% against.
March 14 – The ship ''Cygnet'' hits a mine off the Dutch coast.
March 17 – University of California, Berkeley researchers announce the creation of element 98, which they have named "californium".
March 18 – The Belgian government collapses as a referendum votes in favour of the return from exile of King Léopold III of Belgium.
March 20 – The Polish government decides to confiscate the property of the Polish Catholic Church.
March 22 – Egypt demands that Britain remove all its troops in the Suez Canal.
March 23
* The 22nd Academy Awards ceremony is held.
* World Meteorological Organization (WMO)
April 14
* Influential British comic ''Eagle'' is launched
* NSC-68 is issued by the United States National Security Council
April 15 – Belgian King Leopold III announces that he is ready to abdicate in favor of his son Baudouin.
April 24 – Jordan formally annexes the West Bank.
April 27
* Apartheid: In South Africa, the Group Areas Act is passed, formally segregating the races.
* Britain formally recognises Israel.
May 1 – UNRWA operations begin.
May 6
* The town of Cazin (Bosnia) rises up against Communist agrarian reforms.
* Tollund Man is unearthed in Denmark.
May 9
* Robert Schuman presents his proposal for the creation of a pan-European organisation, which he believes to be indispensable to the maintenance of permanently peaceful relations between the different nations of the continent. This proposal, known as the "Schuman declaration", is considered to be the beginning of the creation of what is now the European Union.
* L. Ron Hubbard publishes ''Dianetics: The Modern Science of Mental Health''.
May 11 – The Kefauver Committee hearings into U.S. organized crime begin.
May 13 – The first race in the inaugural FIA Formula One World Championship is held at Silverstone, England.
May 14 – The Huntsville Times runs the headline, "''Dr. von Braun Says Rocket Flights Possible to Moon.''"
May 22
* Celal Bayar becomes the third president of Turkey.
* Adnan Menderes of DP forms the new government of Turkey (19th government)
May 24 – Maritime Administration (under Department of Commerce).
May 25 – The Brooklyn-Battery Tunnel is formally opened to traffic.
May 29 – ''St. Roch'', the first ship to circumnavigate North America, arrives in Halifax, Nova Scotia.
June 1–June 23 – Mauna Loa in Hawaii starts erupting.
June 3 – Annapurna I, 10th highest mountain in the world, is first ascended.
June 6 – Turkey: The Adhan in Arabic is legalized.
June 8 – Sir Thomas Blamey becomes the only Field Marshal in Australian history.
June 25 – Korean War: North Korean troops cross the 38th parallel into South Korea.
June 26 – The South African Parliament passes the Suppression of Communism Act, No. 44 of 1950.
June 27 – Korean War: U.S. President Harry S. Truman orders American military forces to aid in the defense of South Korea.
June 28 – Korean War: North Korean forces capture Seoul.
June 29 – United States defeats England 1–0 in the 1950 FIFA World Cup.
July 16 – Uruguay beat Brazil 2–1 to win the 1950 World Cup.
July 17 – The Suppression of Communism Act, passed on June 26, comes into force in South Africa.
August 5
* Florence Chadwick swims across the English Channel in 13 hours, 22 minutes.
* A bomb-laden B-29 Superfortress crashes into a residential area in California; 17 are killed, 68 injured.
August 6 – Monarchist demonstrations lead to a riot in Brussels.
August 8 – Winston Churchill supports idea of a pan-European army allied with Canada and the U.S.
August 12 – In his encyclical ''Humani Generis'', Pope Pius XII declares evolution to be a serious hypothesis that did not contradict essential Catholic teachings.
August 15 – An earthquake and floods in Assam, India kill 574 and leave 5,000,000 homeless.
August 22 – The Immaculate Heart of Mary Seminary is founded in Tagbilaran City, Philippines.
August 23 – Legendary singer-actor Paul Robeson, whose passport had recently been revoked because of his alleged Communist affiliations, meets with U.S. officials in an effort to get it reinstated. He is unsuccessful, and it is not reinstated until 1958.
September 4
* Darlington Raceway is the site of the inaugural Southern 500, the first 500-mile NASCAR race.
* The comic strip ''Beetle Bailey'' is created by Mort Walker.
September 7
* A coal mine collapse in New Cumnock, Scotland, kills 13 miners; 116 are rescued.
* The game show ''Truth or Consequences'' debuts on television.
September 8 – The Defense Production Act is enacted into law in the U.S., shaping American military contracting for the next 60 years.
September 9 – The U.S. state of California celebrates its centennial anniversary.
September 12 – Communist riots erupt in Berlin.
September 15 – Korean War – Battle of Inchon: Allied troops commanded by Douglas MacArthur land in Inchon, occupied by North Korea, to begin a U.N. counteroffensive.
September 19 – West Germany decides to purge communist officials.
September 22 – World Dance Council inaugurated.
September 26 – Indonesia is admitted to the United Nations.
September 30 – NSC-68 is enacted by President Truman, setting U.S. foreign policy for the next 20 years.
October 2 – The comic strip ''Peanuts'' by Charles M. Schulz is first published in seven U.S. newspapers.
October 3 – Getúlio Dornelles Vargas is elected president of Brazil for a 5-year term.
October 5 – The Indonesian government quells riots in the Moluccas.
October 7
* The 1950-1951 invasion of Tibet by People's Republic of China begins.
* The Agate Pass Bridge opens for traffic in Washington State.
October 11 – The Federal Communications Commission issues the first license to broadcast television in color, to CBS (RCA will successfully dispute and block the license from taking effect, however).
October 15
* The second Tacoma Narrows Bridge opens.
* In East Germany, the Communists win 99.7% of the vote.
October 19 – Korean War: The People's Republic of China enters the conflict by sending thousands of soldiers across the Yalu River
October 20 – Australia passes the Communist Party Dissolution Act, which is later struck down by the High Court.
October 28 – Torcida Split is founded.
October 30 – The Jayuya Uprising is started by Puerto Rican Nationalists against the United States.
November 1
Pope Pius XII witnesses "The Miracle of the Sun" at the Vatican and defines a new dogma of Roman Catholicism, the Munificentissimus Deus, which says that God took Mary's body into Heaven after her death (the "Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary").
* Puerto Rican nationalists Griselio Torresola and Oscar Collazo attempt to assassinate U.S. President Harry S. Truman, who is staying at the Blair-Lee House in Washington, D.C. during White House repairs.
November 4 – The United Nations ends the diplomatic isolation of Spain.
November 8 – Korean War: While in an F-80, United States Air Force Lt. Russell J. Brown intercepts 2 North Korean MiG-15s near the Yalu River and shoots them down in the first jet-to-jet dogfight in history.
November 10 – A U.S. Air Force B-50 Superfortress bomber, experiencing an in-flight emergency, jettisons and detonates a Mark 4 nuclear bomb over Quebec, Canada (the device lacked its plutonium core).
November 11 – The Mattachine Society is founded in Los Angeles as the first gay-liberation organization.
November 13
* Colonel Carlos Delgado Chalbaud is kidnapped and murdered in Caracas.
* A Curtiss Reid Flying Services plane crashes while enroute to Paris from Rome, killing all 52 on board.
November 18 – The United Nations accepts the formation of the Libyan National Council.
November 20 – T. S. Eliot speaks against television in the UK.
November 22
* Anti-British riots erupt in Egypt.
* Shirley Temple announces her retirement from show business.
November 24 – A phenomenal winter storm ravages the northeastern United States, brings 30 to 50 inches of snow, temperatures below zero, and kills 323 people.
November 26 – Korean War: Troops from the People's Republic of China and launched a massive counterattack against South Korean and United Nations forces at the Ch'ongch'on River and the Chosin Reservoir, dashing any hopes for a quick end to the conflict.
November 28
* Colombo Plan for Co-operative Economic Development in South and South-East Asia
* Greece and Yugoslavia reform diplomatic relations.
November 29 – The National Council of the Churches of Christ in the USA is founded.
November 30 – Douglas MacArthur threatens to use nuclear weapons in Korea.
December 3
* Korean War: General Walton Walker orders United Nations forces to evacuate North Korea.
* Mt. Etna erupts in Sicily.
December 11–December 13 – The Maria Hertogh riots occur in Singapore, leaving 18 dead and 173 injured.
December 12 – Paula Ackerman becomes the first woman in the United States to serve a congregation as a Rabbi.
December 16 – The Office of Defense Mobilization is established in the United States.
December 24–December 25 – Scottish nationalists take the Stone of Scone from Westminster Abbey.
December 28 – The Peak District becomes Britain's first National Park.
The first pagers are developed.
The first TV remote control, Zenith Radio's ''Lazy Bones'', is marketed.
Myxomatosis is introduced into Australia in an attempt to control the escalating rabbit population.
IBM Israel begins operating in Tel Aviv.
President Harry Truman sends United States military advisers to Vietnam to aid French forces.
France institutes a government-guaranteed minimum wage.
Knox's Translation of the Vulgate Old Testament (commissioned by the Catholic Church) is published.
Total world population: 2,518,629,000
* Africa: 221,214,000
* Asia: 1,398,488,000
* Europe: 547,403,000
* Latin-America: 167,097,000
* Northern America: 171,616,000
* Oceania: 12,812,000.
January 2 – Débora Duarte, Brazilian actress
* David Shifrin, American classical clarinetist
January 3 – Victoria Principal, American actress
January 5
* John Manley, Canadian politician
* Charlie Richmond, Canadian entrepreneur and inventor
January 7
* Juan Gabriel (b. Alberto Aguilera Valadez), Mexican singer, songwriter and philanthropist
* Erin Gray, American actress
January 10 – Ernie Wasson, American gardener and writer
January 12
* Sheila Jackson-Lee, American politician
* Dorrit Moussaieff, First Lady of Iceland
January 14
* Jagadguru Rāmabhadrācārya, Hindu religious leader
January 16 – Debbie Allen, American actress, dancer, and choreographer
January 17
* Cristina Galbó, Spanish actress
* Luis López Nieves, Puerto Rican writer
January 18 – Gilles Villeneuve, Canadian race car driver (d. 1982)
January 20 – Edward Hirsch, American poet
January 21 – Billy Ocean, West Indian-born musician
January 23 – Richard Dean Anderson, American actor
January 24
* Gennifer Flowers, American actress, connected to US President Bill Clinton
* Benjamin Urrutia, Ecuadorian-born American author and scholar
January 26
* Joerg Haider, Austrian politician (d. 2008)
* Janet Lupo, American model
January 27
* Amos Grunebaum, Israeli-born obstetrician and gynecologist
* Derek Acorah, British spiritualist medium
January 29
* Jody Scheckter, South African race car driver
* Ann Jillian, American actress
January 30 – Trinidad Silva, American actor (d. 1988)
February 1 – Kazimierz Nycz, Polish clergyman
February 3 – Morgan Fairchild, American actress
February 6 – Natalie Cole, American singer
February 10 – Mark Spitz, American Olympic swimmer
February 12
* Michael Ironside, Canadian actor
* Steve Hackett, British songwriter and guitarist
February 13 – Peter Gabriel, British rock musician
February 15 – Tsui Hark, Hong Kong film director
February 16
* Roman Tam, Renowned Cantopop singer (d.2002)
* Peter Hain, British politician
February 18
* Cybill Shepherd, American actress
* John Hughes, American film director, producer, and writer (d. 2009)
February 20
* Ken Shimura, Japanese television performer and actor
* Tony Wilson, English impresario (d. 2007)
February 22
* Julius Erving, American basketball player
* Julie Walters, English actress
* Miou-Miou, French actress
* Ellen Greene, American actress
February 25
* Neil Jordan, Irish film director, writer, and producer
* Néstor Kirchner, President of Argentina (d. 2010)
February 26
* Helen Clark, Prime Minister of New Zealand
* Bill Ritter, American news anchor
March 2
* Karen Carpenter, American singer and drummer (d. 1983)
* Rosli Dhobi, famous Malay Sarawakian
March 4 – Rick Perry, Governor of Texas
March 9 – Danny Sullivan, American race car driver
March 11
* Bobby McFerrin, American singer
* Jerry Zucker, American film producer, director, and writer
March 12 – Javier Clemente, Spanish football player and manager
March 13 – William H. Macy, American actor
March 18 – Brad Dourif, American actor
March 20 – William Hurt, American actor
March 22 – Jocky Wilson, Scottish darts player
March 26
* Teddy Pendergrass, American singer (d. 2010)
* Martin Short, Canadian-born comedian
March 28
* Claudio Lolli, Italian singer-songwriter
* Jeffrey Miller, Kent State University shooting victim (d. 1970).
March 30
* Robbie Coltrane, British actor and comedian
* David Janson, British actor
April 1 – Samuel Alito, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court
April 4 – Christine Lahti, American actress
April 5
* Agnetha Fältskog, Swedish rock singer and songwriter (ABBA)
* Harpo, Swedish pop musician
April 8 – Grzegorz Lato, Polish footballer
April 10 – Ken Griffey, Sr., American baseball player
April 12 – David Cassidy, American actor and singer
April 13 – Ron Perlman, American actor
April 20 – Steve Erickson, American novelist
April 22 – Peter Frampton, English rock musician
April 25 – Lenora Fulani, American presidential candidate
April 28 – Jay Leno, American comedian and talk show host
April 29 – Paul Holmes, New Zealand radio and television broadcaster
May 5 – Googoosh, Iranian singer and actress
May 7 – Tim Russert, American journalist (d. 2008)
May 12 – Ching Hai, Formosan author, spiritual leader and jewellery designer
May 13
* Gabriel Byrne, Irish actor
* Bobby Valentine, American baseball manager
* Stevie Wonder, American musician
May 15 – Renate Stecher, German athlete
May 29 – Rebbie Jackson, American singer
May 31 – Gregory Harrison, American actor and director
June 3 – Deniece Williams, American singer
June 5 – Abraham Sarmiento, Jr., Filipino journalist and political activist (d. 1977)
June 7 – Howard Finkel, American ring announcer
June 8 – Kathy Baker, American actress
June 13 – Belinda Bauer, Australian actress
June 14 – Rowan Williams, Archbishop of Canterbury
June 15 – Lakshmi Mittal, Indian industrialist
June 20 – Nouri Al-Maliki, Prime Minister of Iraq
June 21
* Vasilis Papakonstantinou, Greek singer and musician
* Joey Kramer, American musician
June 22 – Zenonas Petrauskas, Lithuanian lawyer and politician (d. 2009)
June 24 – Nancy Allen, American actress
June 25 – Nitza Saul, Israeli actress
June 30 – Leonard Whiting, British actor
July 5 – Huey Lewis, American rock singer
July 9 – Victor Yanukovych, President of Ukraine
July 11 – Pervez Hoodbhoy, Pakistani Nuclear physicist and social activist
July 12 – Eric Carr, Former Kiss drummer and musician (d. 1991)
July 13 – Ma Ying-jeou, current President of the Republic of China (Taiwan)
July 18
* Sir Richard Branson, British entrepreneur
* Glenn Hughes, American vocalist (d. 2001)
July 19
* Per-Kristian Foss, Norwegian Minister of Finance
* Freddy Moore, American musician
* Simon Cadell, British actor (d. 1996)
July 20 – William Knox Schroeder, Kent State University shooting victim (d. 1970).
July 24 – Marc Jampole, American poet
July 26 – Susan George, British actress
August 1
* Roy Williams, American basketball coach
* Bunkhouse Buck, American professional wrestler
August 3 – Jo Marie Payton, American actress
August 7 – Alan Keyes, American conservative political activist
August 8 – Ken Kutaragi, ex-C.E.O of Sony Computer Entertainment
August 9 – Nicole Tourneur French novelist (d. 2011)
August 11
* Gennadiy Nikonov, Russian weapon designer
* Erik Brann, American musician (Iron Butterfly) (d. 2003)
August 15
* Anne, Princess Royal
* Neil J. Gunther Australian/American physicist and computer scientist
* Tom Kelly American baseball manager
August 16
* Hasely Crawford, West Indian athlete
* Marshall Manesh, Persian actor
August 22 – Scooter Libby, American former adviser to Vice President Dick Cheney
August 26 – Carl Deuker, American author
August 27 – Charles Fleischer, American actor, stand-up comedian, and voice artist
September 1
* Dr. Phil McGraw, American TV psychologist
* Mikhail Fradkov, Russian politician, Prime Minister of Russia (2004–2007)
September 2
* Rosanna DeSoto, American actress
* Yuen Wah, Hong Kong actor
September 7
* Julie Kavner, American actress
* Johann Friedrich Hohenberger, German-Australian engineer and conman
September 10 – Joe Perry, American rock guitarist (Aerosmith)
September 14
* Paul Kossoff, British rock guitarist (Free) (d. 1976)
* Masami Kuwashima, Japanese race car driver
September 16 – Loyd Grossman, American television presenter and chef
September 17 – Narendra Modi, Chief Minister of Gujarat
September 21
* Charles Clarke, British politician
* Bill Murray, American actor and comedian
September 22 – Kirka Babitzin, Finnish singer (d. 2007)
September 24 – Kristina Wayborn, Swedish actress
September 27 – Cary-Hiroyuki Tagawa, Japanese actor
September 28 – John Sayles, American director and screenwriter
October 1 – Randy Quaid, American actor
October 3 – Pamela Hensley, American actress
October 5 – Jeff Conaway, American actor (d. 2011)
October 7 – Jakaya Kikwete, Tanzanian president
October 9 – Jody Williams, American teacher and aid worker, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize
October 10 – Nora Roberts, American novelist
October 12
* Edward Bloor, American novelist
* Kaga Takeshi, Japanese actor
October 17
* Dean Shek, Hong Kong actor
* Howard Rollins, American actor (d. 1996)
October 18 – Wendy Wasserstein, American playwright (d. 2006)
October 19 – Bishop Bill Ray, 10th Bishop of North Queensland
October 20 – Tom Petty, American rock singer
October 22 – Bill Owens, Governor of Colorado
October 28 – Sihem Bensedrine, Tunisian human rights activist
October 29 – Abdullah Gül, 11th President of Turkey
October 30 – Louise DuArt, American comedienne and impersonator
October 31
* John Candy, Canadian comedian and actor (d. 1994)
* Jane Pauley, American television broadcaster and journalist
November 1 – Robert B. Laughlin, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
November 3 – Massimo Mongai, Italian author
November 4 – Charles Frazier, American novelist
November 8 – Joseph Donaldson, Belfast citizen and much-loved uncle
November 9 – Maravillas Rojo, Catalan politician
November 10
* Debra Hill, American producer (d. 2005)
* Bob Orton, Jr., American professional wrestler
November 13 – Mary Lou Metzger, American singer and dancer
November 16 – David Leisure, American actor
November 17 – Roland Matthes, German swimmer
November 21 – Alberto Juantorena, Cuban athlete
November 22 – Lyman Bostock, American baseball player (d. 1978)
November 24 – Stanley Livingston, American actor (''My Three Sons'')
November 28
* Russell Alan Hulse, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
* Ed Harris, American actor
December 1 – Keith Thibodeaux, American child actor
December 2
* Paul Watson, founder of the Sea Shepherd on Whale Wars.
* Amin Saikal, Australian academic professor
* Benjamin Stora, French historian
December 5 – Camarón de la Isla, Spanish singer (d. 1992)
December 9 – Joan Armatrading, St. Kitts-born English singer-songwriter
December 10 – Tom Towles, American actor
December 13 – Wendie Malick, American actress
December 16 – Roy Schuiten, Dutch cyclist (d. 2006)
December 17
* Laurence F. Johnson, American futurist and educator
* Sarah Brown, wife of British Prime Minister Gordon Brown
December 18 – Leonard Maltin, American film critic
December 19 – Manny Trillo, Venezuelan-born American baseball player
December 23
* Michael C. Burgess, American politician
* Vicente del Bosque, Spanish footballer and manager
December 28 – Alex Chilton, American rock musician (The Box Tops) (d. 2010)
January 2 – Emil Jannings, Swiss-born German actor (b. 1884)
January 7 – Monty Banks, Italian comedian and director (b. 1897)
January 8 – Joseph Schumpeter, Czech economist and political scientist (b.1883)
January 15 – Henry H. Arnold, American five-star general (b. 1886)
January 17 – Seiichi Hatano, Japanese philosopher (b. 1877)
January 20 – Ray Duggan, Australian-English speedway rider (b. 1913)
January 21 – George Orwell, English author (b. 1903)
January 22 – Alan Hale, Sr., American actor (b. 1892)
February 3 – Sir Lionel Cripps, Rhodesian politician (b. 1863)
February 6 – Georges Imbert, Alsatian chemist (b. 1884)
February 7 – D. K. Broster, British historical novelist (b. 1877)
February 13 – Rafael Sabatini, Italian writer (b. 1875)
February 16 – Mile-a-Minute Murphy, American cyclist (b. 1870)
February 25 – George Minot, American physician, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1885)
February 26 – Harry Lauder, Scottish entertainer (b.1870)
March 5
* Edgar Lee Masters, American poet (b.1868)
* Sid Grauman, American restaurateur (b. 1895)
March 6
* Albert Lebrun, President of France (b. 1871)
* Harry Redfern, English architect (b.1861)
March 10 – Marguerite De La Motte, American actress (b. 1902)
March 11 – Brock Pemberton, American theatrical producer (b. 1885)
March 12 – Heinrich Mann, German novelist (b. 1871)
March 19
* Walter Haworth, British chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1883)
* Edgar Rice Burroughs, American author (b. 1875)
March 24 – James Rudolph Garfield, American politician (b. 1865)
March 25 – Frank Buck, American animal collector (b.1884)
March 30
* Léon Blum, French statesman and Prime Minister (b. 1872)
* Joe Yule, Scottish-born comedian (b. 1894)
April 1 – F.O. Matthiessen, American historian and literary critic (b. 1902)
April 2 – Recep Peker, ex prime minister of Turkey (b. 1889)
April 3 – Kurt Weill, German-born composer (b.1900)
April 7 – Walter Huston, American actor (b. 1884)
April 8 – Vaslav Nijinsky, Russian ballet dancer and choreographer (b. 1889)
April 11 – Bainbridge Colby, United States Secretary of State (b. 1869)
April 26 – G. Murray Hulbert, American politician (b. 1881)
April 27
* Hobart Cavanaugh, American character actor (b. 1886)
* Karel Kozeluh, Czech tennis player (b. 1895)
May 1 – Lothrop Stoddard, American eugenicist (b. 1883)
May 9 – Esteban Terradas i Illa, Catalan mathematician, scientist, and engineer (b. 1883)
May 10 – Belle da Costa Greene, American librarian, bibliographer, and archivist (b. 1883)
May 20 – John Gould Fletcher, American poet (b.1886)
June 4
* Kazys Grinius, President of Lithuania (b. 1866)
* George Cecil Ives, German-English poet, writer, penal reformer and early gay-rights campaigner. (b.1867)
June 22 – Jane Cowl, American actress (b. 1883)
June 24 – Darwan Singh Negi, Indian VC recipient (b. 1881)
July 7 – Fats Navarro, American jazz trumpet player (b. 1923)
July 8 – Helen Holmes, American actress (b. 1893)
July 11 – Buddy DeSylva, American songwriter (b. 1895)
July 12 – Elsie de Wolfe, American socialite and interior decorator (b. 1865)
July 17 – Evangeline Booth, General of The Salvation Army (b. 1865)
July 21 – Rex Ingram, American director (b. 1892)
July 22 – William Lyon Mackenzie King, Canadian politician (b. 1874)
August – Black Elk, Wičháša Wakȟáŋ (Medicine Man or Holy Man) of the Ogala Teton Lakota (Western Sioux) (b. 1863)
August 22 – Kirk Bryan, American geologist (b. 1888)
August 23 – Frank Phillips, American oil executive (b. 1873)
August 26 – Ransom E. Olds, American automotive pioneer (b. 1864)
August 27 – Cesare Pavese, Italian poet and novelist (b. 1908)
September 4 – Max Davidson, German actor (b. 1875)
September 6 – Olaf Stapledon, British author and philosopher (b. 1886)
September 10 – Raymond Sommer, American race car driver (b. 1906)
September 11
* Rudolph Palm, Curaçao born composer (b. 1880)
* Jan Smuts, Prime Minister of South Africa (b. 1870)
September 13 – Sara Allgood, Irish actress (b. 1879)
September 16 – Pedro de Cordoba, American actor (b. 1881)
September 21 – Edward Arthur Milne, British astrophysicist and mathematician (b.1896)
September 23 – Kenneth Muir, English soldier and posthumous winner of the Victoria Cross (b.1912)
October 11 – Pauline Lord, American actress (b. 1890)
October 13 – Ernest Haycox, American writer (b. 1899)
October 19
* Charles Ballantyne, Canadian politician (b. 1867)
* Edna St. Vincent Millay, American poet (b.1892)
October 20 – Henry L. Stimson, United States Secretary of State (b. 1867)
October 23 – Al Jolson, American musician and actor (b. 1886)
October 28 – Maurice Costello, American actor (b. 1877)
October 29 – King Gustaf V of Sweden (b. 1858)
November 2 – George Bernard Shaw, Irish writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1856)
November 3 – Koiso Kuniaki, Prime Minister of Japan (b. 1880)
November 4 – Grover Cleveland Alexander, American baseball player (b. 1887)
November 12 – Julia Marlowe, stage actress, (b. 1866)
November 25
* Johannes Vilhelm Jensen, Danish writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1873)
* Gustaf John Ramstedt, Finland-Swedish linguist and diplomat (b. 1873)
November 28 – James Corbitt, English murderer (hanged) (b. 1913)
November 30 – Werner Haase, Hitler's personal physician (b. 1900)
December 2 – Dinu Lipatti, Romanian pianist (b. 1917)
December 5 – Sri Aurobindo, Indian guru (b. 1872)
December 11 – Leslie Comrie, New Zealand astronomer and computing pioneer (b. 1893)
December 12 – Peter Fraser, former Prime Minister of New Zealand (b. 1884)
December 15 – Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, Indian political leader (b. 1875)
December 27 – Max Beckmann, German painter (b. 1884)
Physics – Cecil Frank Powell
Chemistry – Otto Paul Hermann Diels, Kurt Alder
Medicine – Edward Calvin Kendall, Tadeus Reichstein, Philip Showalter Hench
Literature – Earl (Bertrand Arthur William) Russell
Peace – Ralph Bunche
Events
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Date unknown
World population
Births
January–February
March–April
May–June
July–August
September–October
November–December
Deaths
January–June
July–December
Nobel Prizes
References
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| Coordinates | 23°33′″N46°38′″N |
|---|---|
| name | Bettie Page |
| issue | January 1955 |
| birth name | Betty Mae Page |
| birth place | Nashville, Tennessee, USA |
| birth date | April 22, 1923 |
| death date | December 11, 2008 |
| death place | Los Angeles, California, USA |
| bust | 36" |
| waist | 23" |
| hips | 36½" |
| height | 5 ft 5½ in (1.66 m) |
| weight | |
| preceded | Terry Ryan |
| succeeded | Jayne Mansfield |
| website | }} |
She was "Miss January 1955", one of the earliest Playmates of the Month for ''Playboy'' magazine. "I think that she was a remarkable lady, an iconic figure in pop culture who influenced sexuality, taste in fashion, someone who had a tremendous impact on our society," ''Playboy'' founder Hugh Hefner told the Associated Press.
In 1959, she converted to born-again Christianity, and later worked for Billy Graham. Her later life was marked by depression, violent mood swings and several years in a state psychiatric hospital. After years of obscurity, she experienced a resurgence of popularity in the 1980s.
Early life
Page was the second of six children born to Walter Roy Page and Edna Mae Pirtle. At a young age, Page had to face the responsibilities of caring for her younger siblings. Her parents divorced when she was 10 years old. (In the 1930 Census, a few weeks before Bettie's 7th birthday, her mother Edna Pirtle Page was already listed as being divorced.) After her father, whom Page would accuse of molesting her starting at age 13, was imprisoned, Page and her two sisters lived in an orphanage for a year. During this time, Page's mother worked two jobs, one as a hairdresser during the day and washing laundry at night.As a teenager, Page and her sisters tried different makeup styles and hairdos imitating their favorite movie stars. She also learned to sew. These skills proved useful years later for her pin-up photography when Page did her own makeup and hair and made her own bikinis and costumes. During her early years, the Page family traveled around the country in search of economic stability.
A good student and debate team member at Hume-Fogg High School, she was voted "Most Likely to Succeed". On June 6, 1940, Page graduated as the salutatorian of her high school class with a scholarship. She enrolled at George Peabody College, with the intention of becoming a teacher. However, the next fall she began studying acting, hoping to become a movie star. At the same time, she got her first job, typing for author Alfred Leland Crabb. Page graduated from Peabody with a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1944.
In 1943, she married high school classmate Billy Neal in a simple courthouse ceremony shortly before he was drafted into the Navy for World War II. For the next few years, she moved from San Francisco to Nashville to Miami and to Port-au-Prince, Haiti, where she felt a special affinity with the country and its culture. In November 1947, back in the United States, she filed for divorce.
Modeling career
Following her divorce, Page worked briefly in San Francisco, and in Haiti. In 1949, she moved to New York City, where she hoped to find work as an actress. In the meantime, she supported herself by working as a secretary. In 1950, while walking along the Coney Island shore, she met Jerry Tibbs, a police officer with an interest in photography. She was a willing model, and Tibbs took pictures of her and put together her first pinup portfolio.
In late-1940s America, "camera clubs" were formed to circumvent laws restricting the production of nude photos. These clubs existed, ostensibly, to promote artistic photography; but in reality, many were merely fronts for the making of pornography. Page entered the field of "glamour photography" as a popular camera club model, working initially with photographer Cass Carr. Her lack of inhibition in posing made her a hit. Her name and image became quickly known in the erotic photography industry; in 1951, her image appeared in men's magazines such as ''Wink'', ''Titter'', ''Eyefull'' and ''Beauty Parade.''
From 1952 through 1957, she posed for photographer Irving Klaw for mail-order photographs with pin-up, bondage or sadomasochistic themes, making her the first famous bondage model. Klaw also used Page in dozens of short, black-and-white 8mm and 16mm "specialty" films, which catered to specific requests from his clientele. These silent featurettes showed women clad in lingerie and high heels, acting out fetishistic scenarios of abduction, domination, and slave-training; bondage, spanking, and elaborate leather costumes and restraints were included periodically. Page alternated between playing a stern dominatrix, and a helpless victim bound hand and foot. Klaw also produced a line of still photos taken during these sessions. Some have become iconic images, such as his highest-selling photo of Page—shown gagged and bound in a web of ropes, from the film ''Leopard Bikini Bound''. Although these "underground" features had the same crude style and clandestine distribution as the pornographic "stag" films of the time, Klaw's all-female films (and still photos) never featured any nudity or explicit sexual content.
In 1953, Page took acting classes at the Herbert Berghof Studio, which led to several roles on stage and television. She appeared on ''The United States Steel Hour'' and ''The Jackie Gleason Show''. Her Off-Broadway productions included ''Time is a Thief'' and ''Sunday Costs Five Pesos.'' Page acted and danced in the feature-length burlesque revue film ''Striporama'' by Jerald Intrator. She was given a brief speaking role, the only time her voice has been captured on film. She then appeared in two more burlesque films by Irving Klaw (''Teaserama'' and ''Varietease''). These featured exotic dance routines and vignettes by Page and well-known striptease artists Lili St. Cyr and Tempest Storm. All three films were mildly risque, but none showed any nudity or overtly sexual content.
In 1954, during one of her annual vacations to Miami, Florida, Page met photographers Jan Caldwell, H. W. Hannau and Bunny Yeager. At that time, Page was the top pin-up model in New York. Yeager, a former model and aspiring photographer, signed Page for a photo session at the now-closed wildlife park Africa USA in Boca Raton, Florida. The ''Jungle Bettie'' photographs from this shoot are among her most celebrated. They include nude shots with a pair of cheetahs named Mojah and Mbili. The leopard skin patterned ''Jungle Girl'' outfit she wore was made, along with much of her lingerie, by Page herself. A large collection of the Yeager photos, and Klaw's, were published in the book ''Bettie Page Confidential'' (St. Martin's Press, 1994).
After Yeager sent shots of Page to ''Playboy'' founder Hugh Hefner, he selected one to use as the Playmate of the Month centerfold in the January 1955 issue of the two-year-old magazine. The famous photo shows Page, wearing only a Santa hat, kneeling before a Christmas tree holding an ornament and playfully winking at the camera.
In 1955, Page won the title "Miss Pinup Girl of the World". She also became known as "The Queen of Curves" and "The Dark Angel". While pin-up and glamour models frequently have careers measured in months, Page was in demand for several years, continuing to model until 1957. Although she frequently posed nude, she never appeared in scenes with explicit sexual content.
In 1957, Page gave "expert guidance" to the FBI regarding the production of "flagellation and bondage pictures" in Harlem.
The reasons reported for her departure from modeling vary. Some reports mention the ''Kefauver Hearings'' of the United States Senate Special Committee to Investigate Crime in Interstate Commerce (after a young man apparently died during a session of bondage which was rumored to be inspired by bondage images featuring Page). In fact, the Senate committee called her to testify to explain the photos in which she appeared, but then excused her from testifying; however, the print negatives of many of her photos were subsequently destroyed by court order, which ended Klaw's bondage and S&M; mail-order photography business. For many years after, the negatives that survived were illegal to print. However, the most obvious reason for ending her modeling career and severing all contact with her prior life was her conversion to born-again Christianity while living in Key West, Florida in 1959 in combination with the 1957 trials.
Years out of the spotlight
Photographer Sam Menning was the last person to photograph a pin-up of Page before her retirement.On New Year's Eve 1958, during one of her regular visits to Key West, Florida Page attended a service at what is now the Key West Temple Baptist Church. She found herself drawn to the multiracial environment and started to attend on a regular basis. She would in time attend three bible colleges, including the Bible Institute of Los Angeles, Multnomah School of the Bible in Portland, Oregon and, briefly, a Christian retreat known as "Bibletown", part of the Boca Raton Community Church, Boca Raton, Florida.
She dated industrial designer Richard Arbib in the 1950s. She then married Armond Walterson in 1958; they divorced in 1963.
During the 1960s, she attempted to become a Christian missionary in Africa, but was rejected for having had a divorce. Over the next few years she worked for various Christian organizations before settling in Nashville in 1963. She worked full time for Rev. Billy Graham.
She briefly remarried Billy Neal, her first husband, who helped her to gain entrance into missionary work; however, the two divorced again shortly thereafter. She returned to Florida in 1967, and married again, to Harry Lear, but this marriage also ended in divorce in 1972.
She moved to Southern California in 1979. There she had a nervous breakdown and had an altercation with her landlady. The doctors that examined her diagnosed her with acute schizophrenia, and she spent 20 months in a state mental hospital in San Bernardino, California. After a fight with another landlord she was arrested for assault, but was found not guilty by reason of insanity and placed under state supervision for eight years. She was released in 1992 from Patton State Hospital in San Bernardino County.
A cult following was built around her during the 1980s, of which she was unaware. This renewed attention was focused on her pinup and lingerie modeling rather than those depicting sexual fetishes or bondage, and she gained a certain public redemption and popular status as an icon of erotica from a bygone era. This attention also raised the question among her new fans of what happened to her after the 1950s. The 1990s edition of the popular ''Book of Lists'' included Page in a list of once-famous celebrities who had seemingly vanished from the public eye.
Revival
In 1976, Eros Publishing Co. published ''A Nostalgic Look at Bettie Page'', a mixture of photos from the 1950s. Between 1978 and 1980, Belier Press published four volumes of ''Betty Page: Private Peeks'', reprinting pictures from the private camera club sessions, which reintroduced Page to a new but small cult following. In 1983, London Enterprises released ''In Praise of Bettie Page — A Nostalgic Collector's Item'', reprinting camera club photos and an old cat fight photo shoot.In the early 1980s, comic book artist Dave Stevens based the female love interest of his hero Cliff Secord (alias "The Rocketeer") on Page. In 1987, Greg Theakston started a fanzine called ''The Betty Pages'' and recounted tales of her life, particularly the camera club days. For the next seven years, the magazine sparked a worldwide interest in Page. Women dyed their hair and cut it into bangs in an attempt to emulate the "Dark Angel". The media caught wind of the phenomenon and wrote numerous articles about her, more often than not with Theakston's help. Since almost all of her photos were in the public domain, opportunists launched related products and cashed in on the burgeoning craze.
In a 1993 telephone interview with ''Lifestyles of the Rich and Famous'' Page told host Robin Leach that she had been unaware of the resurgence of her popularity, stating that she was "penniless and infamous". ''Entertainment Tonight'' produced a segment on her. Page, who was living in a group home in Los Angeles, was astounded when she saw the ''E.T.'' piece, having had no idea that she had suddenly become famous again. Greg Theakston contacted her and extensively interviewed her for ''The Betty Page Annuals'' V.2.
Shortly after, Page signed with Chicago-based agent James Swanson. Three years later, nearly penniless and failing to receive any royalties, Page fired Swanson and signed with Curtis Management Group, a company which also represented the James Dean and Marilyn Monroe estates. She then began collecting payments which ensured her financial security.
After Jim Silke made a large format comic featuring her likeness, Dark Horse Comics published a comic based on her fictional adventures in the 1990s. Eros Comics published several Bettie Page titles, the most popular being the tongue-in-cheek ''Tor Love Bettie'' which suggested a romance between Page and wrestler-turned-Ed Wood film actor, Tor Johnson.
The question of what Page did in the obscure years after modeling was answered in part with the publication of an official biography in 1996, ''Bettie Page: The Life of a Pin-up Legend.'' That year, Bettie Page granted an exclusive one-on-one TV interview to entertainment reporter Tim Estiloz for a short-lived NBC morning magazine program ''Real Life'' to help publicize the book. The interview featured her reminiscing about her career and relating anecdotes about her personal life, as well as photos from her personal collection. At Page's request, her face was not shown. The interview was broadcast only once.
Another biography, ''The Real Bettie Page: The Truth about the Queen of Pinups'' written by Richard Foster and published in 1997, told a less happy tale. Foster's book immediately provoked attacks from her fans, including Hefner and Harlan Ellison, as well as a statement from Page that it was "full of lies," because they were not pleased that the book revealed a Los Angeles County Sheriff's police report that stated that she suffered from paranoid schizophrenia and, at age 56, had stabbed her elderly landlords on the afternoon of April 19, 1979 in an unprovoked attack during a fit of insanity. However, Steve Brewster, founder of The Bettie Scouts of America fan club, has stated that it is not as unsympathetic as the book's reputation makes it to be. Brewster adds that he also read the chapter about her business dealings with Swanson, and stated that Page was pleased with that part of her story.
In 1997, ''E! True Hollywood Story'' aired a feature on Page entitled, ''Bettie Page: From Pinup to Sex Queen''.
In a late-1990s interview, Page stated she would not allow any current pictures of her to be shown because of concerns about her weight. However, in 1997, Page changed her mind and agreed to a rare television interview for the aforementioned ''E! True Hollywood Story''/Page special on the condition that the location of the interview and her face not be revealed (she was shown with her face and dress electronically blacked out). In 2003, Page allowed a publicity picture to be taken of her for the August 2003 edition of ''Playboy''. In 2006, the ''Los Angeles Times'' ran an article headlined ''A Golden Age for a Pinup'', covering an autographing session at her current publicity company, CMG Worldwide. Once again, she declined to be photographed, saying that she would rather be remembered as she was.
In a 1998 interview with ''Playboy'', she commented on her career:
Within the last few years, she had hired a law firm to help her recoup some of the profits being made with her likeness.
According to MTV: "Katy Perry's rocker bangs and throwback skimpy jumpers. Madonna's '' Sex'' book and fascination with bondage gear. Rihanna's obsession with all things leather, lace and second-skin binding. Uma Thurman in ''Pulp Fiction''. The SuicideGirls Web site. The Pussycat Dolls. The entire career of Marilyn Manson's ex-wife Dita Von Teese" would not have been possible without Page.
Death
According to long-time friend and business agent Mark Roesler, on December 6, 2008, Bettie Page was hospitalized in critical condition. Roesler was quoted by the Associated Press as saying Page had suffered a heart attack and by Los Angeles television station KNBC as claiming Page was suffering from pneumonia. A family friend said Page was in a coma, a claim not denied by Roesler. Her family eventually agreed to discontinue life support, and she died at 18:41 PST on December 11, 2008.She is buried at Westwood Village Memorial Park Cemetery.
Films
Filmography
DVDs
Most, if not all, of Page's existing films have been reissued on DVD, such as ''Bettie Page: Varietease/Teaserama'', as well as a collection of five shorts called ''Betty Page in Bondage''. In 1984, London Enterprises, a producer of S&M; films, added music and narration to 28 of Klaw's silent fetish movies for the two-volume video ''Irving Klaw Bondage Classics''. Page appears in half of these featurettes. In 2005, both volumes were released on a single DVD by Cult Epics as ''Bettie Page: Bondage Queen.''A compilation of her burlesque dancing performances from ''Striporama'', ''Varietease'', and ''Teaserama'' plus ''The Exotic Dances of Bettie Page'' (13 black-and-white dancing and cat-fight shorts) are on the Cult Epics DVD release ''Bettie Page: Pin Up Queen''.
The DVD ''100 Girls by Bunny Yeager'' (also by Cult Epics) is a documentary with behind-the-scenes footage on Yeager's photo sessions with Page and other pin-up models. Page also appears in another set of Irving Klaw bondage reels in ''Bizarro Sex Loops, Volume 20'', a collection of vintage fetish shorts produced by Something Weird Video.
Biopics
In 2004, Cult Epics produced the biographical film ''Bettie Page: Dark Angel''. This low-budget straight-to-disc biopic centers on the 1953–1957 Irving Klaw period, faithfully recreating six lost fetish films she did for Klaw. Model Paige Richards plays the title role.Another biographical movie, ''The Notorious Bettie Page'' (2005), follows her life from the mid-1930s through the late-1950s. It stars actress Gretchen Mol as the adult Page. Bonus footage added to the DVD release includes rare color film from the 1950s of Page playfully undressing and striking various nude poses for the camera.
Academy Award nominated director Mark Mori is scheduled to release the official authorized documentary biography, ''Bettie Page Reveals All'' in 2010. After more than 10 years of working with Bettie Page this film provides a unique look into her life. The film contains exclusive interviews with Bettie Page and important figures in her life and career, such as Hugh Hefner.
Guitars
In 2006, Page and Halo Guitars collaborated to produce a limited edition of custom guitars, released at the 2007 Winter NAMM show in southern California. The total run of one hundred guitars were hand-made and designed by luthier Waylon Ford, art was designed by Pamelina H. and the only collector guitar series authorized by Bettie Page.
In popular culture
In one of his numerous fictional back-page biographical sketches, Harlan Ellison claimed to be "writing a biography of Bettie Page for young adults". Alternative country band BR5-49 recorded an ode to Page named "Bettie, Bettie" on their 1996 debut EP ''Live From Robert's''. In interviews, Page stated that this was her favorite of the songs written about her. The Jazz Butcher included the song "Just Like Betty Page" on the 1984 album, ''A Scandal in Bohemia'', using Page for a simile in the chorus "You have me/As far as I can see/roped and trussed just like dear Betty Page." The BD-3000 luxury droid in ''Star Wars Episode III: Revenge of the Sith'' was inspired by Bettie Page. Beyoncé pays homage to Bettie Page in her music video for "Video Phone". Swedish concept band DC-Pöbeln (a.k.a. Dagcenterpöbeln) from Örebro put Bettie Page on the cover of their only record ''Bettan/Dödgrävaren'' in 1985.
References
External links
Category:1923 births Category:2008 deaths Category:People from Nashville, Tennessee Category:American female adult models Category:Baptists from the United States Category:Biola University alumni Category:Bondage models Category:Burials at Westwood Village Memorial Park Cemetery Category:Burlesque performers Category:Converts to Christianity Category:Deaths from myocardial infarction Category:Multnomah University and Biblical Seminary alumni Category:Peabody College alumni Category:People from Florida Category:People with schizophrenia Category:Playboy Playmates (1953–1959) Category:Vanderbilt University alumni
be:Бэці Пэйдж be-x-old:Бэці Пэйдж br:Bettie Page cs:Bettie Page cy:Bettie Page da:Bettie Page de:Bettie Page es:Bettie Page eu:Bettie Page fr:Bettie Page fy:Bettie Page gl:Bettie Page it:Bettie Page he:בטי פייג' nl:Bettie Page ja:ベティ・ペイジ no:Bettie Page pl:Bettie Page pt:Bettie Page ru:Пейдж, Бетти fi:Bettie Page sv:Bettie Page th:เบตตี เพจ tr:Bettie Page
This text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
| Coordinates | 23°33′″N46°38′″N |
|---|---|
| Name | Patti Page |
| Background | solo_singer |
| Birth name | Clara Ann Fowler |
| Birth date | November 08, 1927 |
| Origin | Claremore, Oklahoma, U.S. [many sources give Muskogee, OK] |
| Instrument | Vocals |
| Genre | Traditional pop, country |
| Occupation | Singer |
| Years active | 1948–present |
| Label | Mercury Columbia Epic Avco Plantation |
| Website | misspattipage.com }} |
Clara Ann Fowler (born November 8, 1927), known by her professional name Patti Page, is an American singer, one of the best-known female artists in traditional pop music. She was the best-selling female artist of the 1950s, and has sold over 100 million records. Her nickname is ''The Singin' Rage''.
Page signed with Mercury Records in 1947, and became their first successful female artist, starting with 1948's "Confess." In 1950, she had her first million-selling single "With My Eyes Wide Open, I'm Dreaming," and would eventually have 14 additional million-selling singles between 1950 and 1965.
Page's signature song, "Tennessee Waltz," recorded in 1950, was one of the biggest-selling singles of the twentieth century, and is also one of the two official state songs of Tennessee. "Tennessee Waltz" spent 13 weeks atop the ''Billboard magazine's Best-Sellers List'' in 1950. Page had three additional #1 hit singles between 1950 and 1953, with "All My Love (Bolero)", "I Went to Your Wedding," and "(How Much Is That) Doggie in the Window."
Unlike most pop music singers, Page blended the styles of country music into many of her most popular songs. By doing this, many of Page's singles also made the Billboard Country Chart. Towards the 1970s, Page shifted her career towards country music, and she began charting on the country charts, up until 1982. Page is one of the few vocalists who have made the country charts in five separate decades.
When rock & roll music became popular during the second half of the 1950s, traditional pop music was becoming less popular. Page was one of the few traditional pop music singers who was able to sustain her success, continuing to have major hits into the mid-1960s with "Old Cape Cod," "Allegheny Moon," "A Poor Man's Roses (Or a Rich Man's Gold)," and "Hush, Hush, Sweet Charlotte."
In 1997, Patti Page was inducted into the Oklahoma Music Hall of Fame. In 2007 Patti Page was inducted into the Hit Parade Hall of Fame.
Early life
Page was born Clara Ann Fowler on November 8, 1927, in Claremore, Oklahoma, (although some sources give Muskogee, Oklahoma). She was born into a large and poor family. Her father worked on the MKT railroad, while her mother and older sisters picked cotton. As she related on television many years later, the family went without electricity, and therefore she could not read after dark. She attended Daniel Webster High School in Tulsa, from which she graduated in 1945.Fowler became a featured singer on a 15-minute radio program on radio station KTUL, Tulsa, Oklahoma, at age 18. The program was sponsored by the "Page Milk Company." On the air, Fowler was dubbed "Patti Page," after the Page Milk Company. In 1946, Jack Rael, a saxophone player and band manager, came to Tulsa to do a one-night show. Rael heard Page on the radio and liked her voice. Rael asked her to join the band he managed, the "Jimmy Joy Band." Rael would later become Page's personal manager, after leaving the band.
Page toured with the "Jimmy Joy Band" throughout the country in the mid-1940s. The band eventually ended up in Chicago, Illinois, in 1947. In Chicago, Page ate with a small group led by popular orchestra leader, Benny Goodman. This helped Page gain her first recording contract with Mercury Records the same year. Page became Mercury Records' "girl singer."
Music career
Pop success: 1948 – 1949
Page recorded her first hit single in 1947 titled "Confess," during a strike meaning background singers were not available to provide harmony vocals for the song. Instead, Page and the label decided to overdub her vocals on the song, in harmony. Mitch Miller, who produced for Mercury Records, was able to overdub Page's voice, due to his well-known use of technology. Thus, Page became the first pop artist to overdub her vocals on a song. This idea would later be used on Page's biggest hit singles in the 1950s. In 1948, "Confess" became a Top 15 hit on ''Billboard magazine,'' peaking at #12 on the "Best-Sellers" chart, becoming her first major hit on the pop chart. Page followed the single with four more in 1948-1949, only one of which was a Top 20 hit, "So in Love" (1949). Page also had a Top 15 hit on the ''Billboard magazine country chart'' in 1949 with "Money, Marbles, and Chalk."In 1950, Page had her first million-selling single "With My Eyes Wide Open, I'm Dreaming," another song where she harmonized her vocals. Because she was overdubbing her vocals, Page's name would be listed on the Pop charts as a group name. According to one early-1950s' chart, Page was titled as "The Patti Page Quartet," among others. Towards the middle of 1950, Page's single, "All My Love (Bolero)" peaked at #1 on ''Billboard magazine,'' becoming her first #1 hit, spending five weeks there. That same year, she also had her first Top 10 hit with "I Don't Care If the Sun Don't Shine," as well as the Top 25 single, "Back in Your Own Backyard."
"Tennessee Waltz": 1950
Towards the end of 1950, Page's version of "Tennessee Waltz" became her second #1 hit, and her most-popular and biggest-selling single. "Tennessee Waltz" was originally recorded by country music band Pee Wee King & His Golden West Cowboys in 1947, becoming a major hit on the country charts for them in 1948. It also became a major country hit for country star Cowboy Copas around the same time. Page was introduced to the song by Jerry Wexler, who suggested she cover a recent R&B; version by the Erskine Hawkins orchestra. Page liked the song and she eventually recorded and released it as a single. The song spent 13 weeks at #1 between 1950 and 1951. "Tennessee Waltz" also became Page's second single to reach the country chart, becoming her biggest hit there, reaching #2. The song would later become one of the best-selling records of the time, selling seven million copies in the early '50s, which prompted various cover versions of the song to appear on the charts during the year. "Tennessee Waltz" has also represented the biggest commercial success for the overdubbing technique to date. Today, the song has come close to selling fifteen million copies. It also became the last song to sell one million copies of sheet music, due to the increasing popularity of recorded music. It was featured in the 1983 film ''The Right Stuff''.
Breakthrough: 1951 – 1965
In 1951, Page released the follow-up single to "Tennessee Waltz" called "Would I Love You (Love You, Love You)," which was a Top 5 hit, and also sold a million copies. The next single, "Mockin' Bird Hill," (a cover of the version by Les Paul and Mary Ford was another major hit that year) was her fourth single that sold a million copies. Page had three additional Top 10 hits on ''Billboard magazine'' in 1951, starting with "Mister and Mississippi," which peaked at #8, "And So to Sleep Again", and "Detour," which had previously been recorded and made famous by Foy Willing and Elton Britt. Page's version became the most-popular and would become Page's seventh million-selling single. She also released her first studio album in 1951 titled, ''Folk Song Favorites,'' covers of Page's favorite folk songs. In 1952, Page had a third #1 hit with "I Went to Your Wedding," which spent two months at the top spot. Recorded in a country ballad style, the song was the flip-side of one of her other Top 10 hits that year, "You Belong to Me." "I Went to Your Wedding" became more successful, and the single became Page's eighth million-selling single in the United States (ironically, it displaced Jo Stafford's version of "You Belong to Me" at #1 on Billboard's Best Seller chart). She had continued success that year, with three additional songs in the Top 10 with "Come What May," "Once In a While," and "Why Don't You Believe Me" (the most popular version was recorded by Joni James).In 1953, a novelty tune, "(How Much Is That) Doggie In the Window" became Page's fourth #1 hit, selling over a million copies, and staying on the best-sellers chart for five months. The song included a dog barking in the recording, which helped make the song popular and one of her best-known and signature songs. The song was written by novelty tune specialist, Bob Merrill. It was originally recorded by Page for a children's album that year. She had a series of Top 20 hits that year. A final single that year reached the Top 5 titled "Changing Partners," which peaked at #3 and stayed on the charts for five months. The song was also recorded in a country melody, like many of Page's hits at the time. Into 1954, Page had further hits, including "Cross Over the Bridge," which also over-dubbed Page's vocals and became a major hit, peaking at #2, nearly reaching the top spot. Other Top 10 hits by Page that year included, "Steam Heat" (from the Broadway musical ''The Pajama Game'') and "Let Me Go Lover" (the best known version of the latter recorded by Joan Weber). In 1955 Page had one charting single with "Croce di Oro," due to the increasing popularity of Rock & Roll music. Unlike most traditional pop music singers at the time, Page was able to maintain her success in the late-50s (although not as successful as the early-50s), having three major hits in 1956, including the #2 hit "Allegheny Moon." In 1957 she had other major hits with "A Poor Man's Roses (Or a Rich Man's Gold)" (recorded the same year by Patsy Cline) and the Top 5 hit, "Old Cape Cod."
In 1956 Vic Schoen became the musical director for Patti Page producing a long string of hits that included Mama From the Train, Allegheny Moon, Old Cape Cod, Belonging To Someone, and Left Right Out of Your Heart. Page and Schoen’s most challenging project was a new recording of Gordon Jenkins narrative tone poem Manhattan Tower (recorded September 1956). The album was a tremendous success, both artistically and commercially, reaching No. 18 on the Billboard LP chart, the highest ranking of any album she ever made. Vic Schoen’s arrangements were far more lively and jazzy than the original Jenkins arrangements. Schoen recalled, “Patti was an alto, but I pushed her to reach notes higher than she had sung before for this album. We always enjoyed working together.” Page and Schoen kept in touch and worked together all the way up until 1999.
During the 1950s, Page regularly appeared on a series of network television shows and programs, including ''The Dean Martin Show,'' ''The Ed Sullivan Show,'' and ''The Steve Allen Show.'' This eventually led to Page acquiring some television specials of her own during the 1950s. Page would later have her own series, beginning with ''Scott Music Hall'' on NBC in the 1952-53 season, and a syndicated series for Oldsmobile in 1955 titled ''The Patti Page Show''. However, the show only lasted one season, as did ''The Big Record'' on CBS (1957–58) and ABC's ''The Patti Page Olds Show'' (1958–59). Page also acted in fims during this time, given a role on the CBS show, ''Playhouse 90.'' Page made her film debut in the 60s, with the 1960 film, ''Elmer Gantry.'' Page also recorded the theme song for the film, ''Boys Night Out,'' in which Page also had a role, playing Joanne McIllenny.
In the early 1960s, Page's success began to decrease, having no major hits up until 1961's "You'll Answer to Me" and "Mom and Dad's Waltz." Page had her last major hit on the Billboard Pop Chart in 1965 with "Hush...Hush, Sweet Charlotte," from the film of the same name starring Bette Davis and Olivia De Havilland, which peaked at #8, becoming her last top 10 hit (and her first since 1957).
Adult contemporary & country music: 1966 – 1982
Before releasing "Hush...Hush, Sweet Charlotte," Page signed with Columbia Records, where she stayed towards the end of the decade. She released a few studio albums for the Columbia label in the 60s. Up until 1970, her singles began to chart on the Hot Adult Contemporary Tracks chart. Many of these singles became major hits, peaking in the Top 20, including cover versions of "You Can't Be True, Dear," "Gentle On My Mind" and "Little Green Apples" (the latter being her last pop chart entry). Page, who is a fan of country music, has recorded cover versions of many country songs throughout the years. Some of these songs were recorded under Columbia and were released as Adult Contemporary singles, including David Houston's "Almost Persuaded" and Tammy Wynette's "Stand by Your Man." Page left Columbia at the end of the 60s.In 1970, Page returned to Mercury Records and shifted her career towards country music. In 1973, she returned to working with her former record producer, Shelby Singleton. Under Mercury, Columbia, and Epic in the 70s, Page recorded a series of country singles, beginning with 1970's "I Wish I Had a Mommy Like You," which became a Top 25 hit, followed by "Give Him Love," with similar success. In 1971, she released a country music studio album, ''I'd Rather Be Sorry,'' for Mercury records. In the early 70s, she had additional charted hits; her most successful was in 1973, a duet with country singer Tom T. Hall titled, "Hello, We're Lonely" which was a Top 20 hit, reaching #14 on the Bilboard Country Chart.
Also, in 1973, Page moved back to Columbia Records, recording for Epic Records (a subsidiary). In 1974 and 1975, she released singles for Avco records again, with country singles "I May Not Be Lovin' You" and "Less Than the Song," both of which were minor country hits. After a five-year hiatus, she recorded for Plantation Records in 1980. In the early 80s, she also performed with major symphony orchestras in Cincinnati, Ohio, and Mexico City, Mexico. She had a Top 40 hit with the Plantation label in 1981 titled "No Aces," followed by a series of minor country hits, including her last-charting single, "My Man Friday," which reached #80.
Later career: 1983 – present
In 1986 Page and arranger Vic Schoen reunited for a stage show in Las Vegas.In 1988, Page appeared in New York City to perform at the Ballroom, making it the first time she performed in New York in nearly twenty years. She received positive reviews from music critics. In the 1990s, Page founded her own record label, C.A.F. Records, which released various albums, including a 2003 children's album. In the early '90s, Page moved west to San Diego, California, and continued to perform live shows at venues across the country.
In 1998, Page recorded her first live album. It was performed at Carnegie Hall in New York and titled, ''Live at Carnegie Hall: The 50th Anniversary Concert''. The album won Page a Grammy Award the following year for ''Best Traditional Pop Vocal Performance'' which, despite her prolific career, was her first Grammy. In 2000, she released a new album, ''Brand New Tennessee Waltz,'' which consisted of new music. Harmony vocals were provided by popular country stars, including Suzy Bogguss, Alison Krauss, Kathy Mattea, and Trisha Yearwood. The album was promoted at the Ryman Auditorium in Nashville, Tennessee in 2000. On October 4, 2001, Bob Baines, the mayor of Manchester, New Hampshire declared the day "Patti Page Day" in the town. Miss Page was in Manchester to perform a sold-out concert at the Palace Theatre to benefit Merrimack Valley Assistance Program.
In 1998, a sample of Patti Page's recording of "Old Cape Cod" formed the basis of Groove Armada's 1998 UK hit "At the River". The lines "If you're fond of sand dunes and salty air, / Quaint little villages here and there..." sung in Page's multi-tracked close-harmony, are repeated over and over, with the addition of synthesizer bass, slowed-down drums and a bluesy trombone solo to produce a chill-out track. The success of this track exposed Page's music to a younger audience.
In 1999, Vic Schoen reunited with Page to record a CD for a Chinese label.
In 2005, she performed a series of engagements at a theatre in Branson, Missouri, starting on September 12.
Until recently, Page was a host of a weekly Sunday program on the "Music of Your Life" radio network. She and Jack White of The White Stripes were interviewed in January 2008, after the White Stripes recorded Page's early '50s hit, "Conquest" on their 2007 studio album, ''Icky Thump.'' Page and White were put together on the phone during the interview, talking to each other about their views on "Conquest." In 2007, Page was inducted into the Hit Parade Hall of Fame.
Now in her mid-80s, Page continues to tour, performing 50 select concerts a year across the United States and Canada.
Style
During the time of Page's greatest popularity (the late '40s and '50s), most of her traditional pop music counterparts included jazz melodies into their songs. Page also incorporated jazz into some of her songs; however on most of her recordings, Page added a country music arrangement.During the '50s, Mercury Records was controlled by Mitch Miller, who produced most of Page's music. Miller found that the simple-structured melodies and storylines in country music songs could be adapted to the pop music market. Page, who was born in Oklahoma, felt comfortable using this idea. Many of Page's most successful hits featured a country music arrangement, including her signature song, "Tennessee Waltz," as well as "I Went to Your Wedding" and "Changing Partners." Some of these singles charted on the Billboard Country Chart during the '40s, '50s, and early '60s for this reason.
Many other artists were introduced to Page's style and incorporated the same country arrangement into many of their songs, including The Andrews Sisters and Bing Crosby, who together had a #1 hit on the country charts in the late '40s with "Pistol Packin' Mama."
Personal life
In his autobiography, ''Lucky Me'', published in 2011, former major league baseball star and front-office executive Eddie Robinson discloses that he dated Page during the period before her first marriage.Page has been married three times. She married University of Wisconsin student Jack Skiba in May 1948 and moved with him to New York, but asked for and received a no-fault divorce in Wisconsin within a year. Her second husband was Charles O'Curran, a choreographer, whom she married in 1956. Together, Page and O'Curran adopted two children: a son, Danny, and a daughter, Kathleen. They divorced in 1972.
Page married her third husband, Jerry Filiciotto, in 1990. Filiciotto died on April 18, 2009. They ran a maple syrup business in New Hampshire and resided in Solana Beach, California.
One of legendary Hollywood arranger Vic Schoen’s favorite singers for whom he arranged songs was Patti Page. Schoen once recalled, "She was one of the nicest and most accommodating singers I've ever worked with." She and Schoen remained close friends and spoke regularly until his death in 2000.
Discography
''(For a more complete collection, see ''List of songs recorded by Patti Page.)''
Television appearances
Filmography
See also
Bibliography
References
External links
Category:1927 births Category:Living people Category:People from Claremore, Oklahoma Category:Musicians from Oklahoma Category:American female singers Category:American country singers Category:American pop singers Category:Traditional pop music singers Category:Grammy Award winners Category:Mercury Records artists Category:Oklahoma Music Hall of Fame inductees
da:Patti Page de:Patti Page fa:پتی پیج fr:Patti Page ko:패티 페이지 id:Patti Page is:Patti Page it:Patti Page ja:パティ・ペイジ nov:Patti Page ru:Патти Пейдж simple:Patti Page fi:Patti Page sv:Patti Page th:แพตตี เพจThis text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
| Coordinates | 23°33′″N46°38′″N |
|---|---|
| name | Amedeo Minghi |
| background | solo_singer |
| origin | Italy |
| genre | Pop, Italian popular music, Adult Contemporary |
| years active | 1966–present |
| label | Dischi Ricordi, Apollo, CBS, It, Italian RCA, Fonit Cetra, Italian EMI |
| website | http://www.amedeominghi.com/ |
| notable instruments | Piano }} |
mio nonno la vuole la cansone
Category:1947 births Category:Italian male singers Category:Italian singer-songwriters Category:Living people
de:Amedeo Minghi es:Amedeo Minghi fr:Amedeo Minghi it:Amedeo Minghi pl:Amedeo Minghi pt:Amedeo Minghi uk:Амедео Мінґі
This text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
| Coordinates | 23°33′″N46°38′″N |
|---|---|
| Name | Judy Garland''' |
| Birth name | Frances Ethel Gumm |
| Birth date | June 10, 1922 |
| Birth place | Grand Rapids, Minnesota, U.S. |
| Death date | June 22, 1969 |
| Death place | Chelsea, London, England, UK |
| Cause death | Drug Overdose |
| Occupation | Actress, singer |
| Years active | |
| Spouse | |
| Children | }} |
At 39 years of age, she was the youngest recipient of the Cecil B. DeMille Award for lifetime achievement in the motion picture industry.
After appearing in vaudeville with her two older sisters, Garland was signed to Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer as a teenager. There she made more than two dozen films, including nine with Mickey Rooney and the 1939 film with which she would be most identified, ''The Wizard of Oz''. After 15 years, she was released from the studio but gained renewed success through record-breaking concert appearances, including a return to acting beginning with critically acclaimed performances.
Despite her professional triumphs, Garland battled personal problems throughout her life. Insecure about her appearance, her feelings were compounded by film executives who told her she was unattractive and manipulated her on-screen physical appearance. She was plagued by financial instability, often owing hundreds of thousands of dollars in back taxes. She married five times, with her first four marriages ending in divorce. She died of an accidental drug overdose at the age of 47, leaving children Liza Minnelli, Lorna Luft, and Joey Luft.
In 1997, Garland was posthumously awarded a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award. Several of her recordings have been inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame. In 1999, the American Film Institute placed her among the ten greatest female stars in the history of American cinema.
Early life
Born Frances Ethel Gumm in Grand Rapids, Minnesota, Garland was the youngest child of Francis Avent "Frank" Gumm (March 20, 1886 – November 17, 1935) and Ethel Marion Milne (November 17, 1893 – January 5, 1953). Her parents were vaudevillians who settled in Grand Rapids to run a movie theatre that featured vaudeville acts.Garland's ancestry on both sides of her family can be traced back to the early colonial days of the United States. Her father was descended from the Marable family of Virginia, her grandfather a Milne from Aberdeen (as she told an audience on May 29, 1951 in Edinburgh), and her mother from Patrick Fitzpatrick, who emigrated to America in the 1770s from Smithtown, County Meath, Ireland.
Named after both her parents and baptized at a local Episcopal church, "Baby" (as she was called by her parents and sisters) shared her family's flair for song and dance. Her first appearance came at the age of two-and-a-half when she joined her two older sisters, Mary Jane "Suzy/Suzanne" Gumm (1915–64) and Dorothy Virginia "Jimmie" Gumm (1917–77), on the stage of her father's movie theater during a Christmas show and sang a chorus of "Jingle Bells". Accompanied by their mother on piano, The Gumm Sisters performed at there for the next few years. Following rumors that Frank Gumm had made sexual advances toward male ushers there, the family relocated to Lancaster, California, in June 1926. Frank purchased and operated another theater in Lancaster, and Ethel, acting as their manager, began working to get her daughters into motion pictures. Garland graduated from Antelope Valley High School shortly after.
Early career
The Gumm Sisters
In 1928, The Gumm Sisters enrolled in a dance school run by Ethel Meglin, proprietress of the Meglin Kiddies dance troupe. They appeared with the troupe at its annual Christmas show. It was through the Meglin Kiddies that they made their film debut, in a 1929 short subject called ''The Big Revue''. This was followed by appearances in two Vitaphone shorts the following year, ''A Holiday in Storyland'' (featuring Garland's first on-screen solo) and ''The Wedding of Jack and Jill''. They next appeared together in ''Bubbles''. Their final on-screen appearance came in 1935, in another short entitled ''La Fiesta de Santa Barbara''.In 1934, the trio, who by then had been touring the vaudeville circuit as "The Gumm Sisters" for many years, performed in Chicago at the Oriental Theater with George Jessel. He encouraged the group to choose a more appealing name after "Gumm" was met with laughter from the audience. "The Garland Sisters" was chosen, and Frances changed her name to "Judy" soon after, inspired by a popular Hoagy Carmichael song.
Several stories persist regarding the origin of the name "Garland". One is that it was originated by Jessel after Carole Lombard's character Lily Garland in the film ''Twentieth Century'' which was then playing at the Oriental; another is that the girls chose the surname after drama critic Robert Garland. Garland's daughter Lorna Luft stated that her mother selected the name when Jessel announced that the trio "looked prettier than a garland of flowers". Another variation surfaced when he was a guest on Garland's television show in 1963. He claimed that he had sent actress Judith Anderson a telegram containing the word "garland," and it stuck in his mind.
At any rate, by late 1934 the "Gumm Sisters" had changed their name to the "Garland Sisters." They were broken up in August 1935, however, Suzanne Garland flew to Reno, Nevada, and married musician Lee Kahn, a member of the Jimmy Davis orchestra playing at Cal-Neva Lodge, Lake Tahoe.
Signed at MGM
In 1935, Garland was signed to a contract with Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, supposedly without a screen test, though she had made a test for the studio several months earlier. It did not know what to do with her, as at age 13 she was older than the traditional child star but too young for adult roles. Her physical appearance created a dilemma for MGM. At only , her "cute" or "girl next door" looks did not exemplify the more glamorous persona required of leading ladies of the time. She was self-conscious and anxious about her appearance. "Judy went to school at Metro with Ava Gardner, Lana Turner, Elizabeth Taylor, real beauties," said Charles Walters, who directed her in a number of films. "Judy was the big money-maker at the time, a big success, but she was the ugly duckling ...I think it had a very damaging effect on her emotionally for a long time. I think it lasted forever, really." Her insecurity was exacerbated by the attitude of studio chief Louis B. Mayer, who referred to her as his "little hunchback". During her early years at the studio, she was photographed and dressed in plain garments or frilly juvenile gowns and costumes to match the "girl-next-door" image that was created for her. She was made to wear removable caps on her teeth and rubberized disks to reshape her nose. She performed at various studio functions and was eventually cast opposite Deanna Durbin in the musical short ''Every Sunday''. The film contrasted her alto vocal range and swing style with Durbin's operatic soprano and served as an extended screen test for the pair, as studio executives were questioning the wisdom of having two girl singers on the roster. Mayer finally decided to keep both actresses, but by that time Durbin's option had lapsed and she was signed by Universal Studios.On November 16, 1935, in the midst of preparing for a radio performance on the ''Shell Chateau Hour,'' Garland learned that her father, who had been hospitalized with meningitis, had taken a turn for the worse. Frank Gumm died the following morning, on November 17, leaving her devastated. Her song for the ''Shell Chateau Hour'' was her first professional rendition of "Zing! Went the Strings of My Heart", a song which would become a standard in many of her concerts.
Garland next came to the attention of studio executives by singing a special arrangement of "You Made Me Love You" to Clark Gable at a birthday party held by the studio for the actor; her rendition was so well regarded that she performed the song in the all-star extravaganza ''Broadway Melody of 1938'' (1937), in which she sang it to a photograph of him.
MGM hit on a winning formula when it paired Garland with Mickey Rooney in a string of "backyard musicals". The duo first appeared together in the 1937 B movie ''Thoroughbreds Don't Cry''. They became a sensation, and teamed up again in ''Love Finds Andy Hardy''. She would eventually star with him in nine films.
To keep up with the frantic pace of making one film after another, Garland, Rooney, and other young performers were constantly given amphetamines, as well as barbiturates to take before going to bed. For Garland, this regular dose of drugs led to addiction and a lifelong struggle, and contributed to her eventual demise. She later resented the hectic schedule and felt that her youth had been stolen from her by MGM. Despite successful film and recording careers, several awards, critical praise, and her ability to fill concert halls worldwide, she was plagued throughout her life with self-doubt and required constant reassurance that she was talented and attractive.
''The Wizard of Oz''
In 1938, at age 16, Garland was cast as Dorothy Gale in ''The Wizard of Oz'' (1939), a film based on the children's book by L. Frank Baum. In this film, she sang the song for which she would forever be identified, "Over the Rainbow". Although producers Arthur Freed and Mervyn LeRoy had wanted her from the start, studio chief Mayer tried first to borrow Shirley Temple from 20th Century Fox. Her services were denied and Garland was cast. She was initially outfitted in a blonde wig for the part, but Freed and LeRoy decided against it shortly into filming. Her breasts were bound with tape and she was made to wear a special corset to flatten out her curves and make her appear younger; her blue gingham dress was also chosen for its blurring effect on her figure.Shooting commenced on October 13, 1938, and was completed on March 16, 1939, with a final cost of more than US$2 million. From the conclusion of filming, MGM kept Garland busy with promotional tours and the shooting of ''Babes in Arms''. She and Mickey Rooney were sent on a cross-country promotional tour, culminating in the August 17 New York City premiere at the Capitol Theater, which included a five-show-a-day appearance schedule for the two stars.
On November 17, 1939, Garland's mother, Ethel, married William P. Gillmore in Yuma, Arizona. It was the fourth anniversary of her first husband's death.
''The Wizard of Oz'' was a tremendous critical success, though its high budget and promotions costs of an estimated $4 million coupled with the lower revenue generated by children's tickets meant that the film did not make a profit until it was rereleased in the 1940s. At the 1940 Academy Awards ceremony, Garland received an Academy Juvenile Award for her performances in 1939, including ''The Wizard of Oz'' and ''Babes in Arms''. Following this recognition, she became one of MGM's most bankable stars.
Stardom as an adult
In 1940, she starred in three films: ''Andy Hardy Meets Debutante'', ''Strike Up the Band'', and ''Little Nellie Kelly''. In the latter, she played her first adult role, a dual role of both mother and daughter. ''Little Nellie Kelly'' was purchased from George M. Cohan as a vehicle for her to display both her audience appeal and her physical appearance. The role was a challenge for her, requiring the use of an accent, her first adult kiss, and the only death scene of her career. The success of these three films, and a further three films in 1941, secured her position at MGM as a major property. During this time Garland experienced her first serious adult romances. The first was with the band leader Artie Shaw. She was deeply devoted to him and was devastated in early 1940 when he eloped with Lana Turner. Another failed relationship (and her first failed marriage) included an abortion her mother and husband persuaded her to have in order to continue working. She was noticeably thinner in her next film, ''For Me and My Gal'', alongside Gene Kelly in his first screen appearance. She was top billed over the credits for the first time, and effectively made the transition from teenage star to adult actress.At the age of 21, she was given the "glamour treatment" in ''Presenting Lily Mars'', in which she was dressed in "grown-up" gowns. Her lightened hair was also pulled up in a stylish fashion. However, no matter how glamorous or beautiful she appeared on screen or in photographs, she was never confident in her appearance and never escaped the "girl next door" image that had been created for her.
One of Garland's most successful films for MGM was ''Meet Me in St. Louis'' (1944), in which she introduced three standards: "The Trolley Song", "The Boy Next Door", and "Have Yourself a Merry Little Christmas". Vincente Minnelli was assigned to direct this movie, and he requested that makeup artist Dorothy Ponedel be assigned to her for the picture. Ponedel refined her appearance in several ways, including extending and reshaping her eyebrows, changing her hairline, modifying her lip line, and removing her nose discs. She appreciated the results so much that Ponedel was written into her contract for all her remaining pictures at MGM.
''The Clock'' (1945) was her first straight dramatic film, opposite Robert Walker. Though the film was critically praised and earned a profit, most movie fans expected her to sing. It would be many years before she acted again in a non-singing dramatic role.
Garland's other famous films of the 1940s include ''The Harvey Girls'' (1946), in which she introduced the Academy Award-winning song "On the Atchison, Topeka and the Santa Fe", and ''The Pirate'' (1948).'''
Leaving MGM
During filming for ''The Pirate'' in April 1947, Garland suffered a nervous breakdown and was placed in a private sanitarium. She was able to complete filming, but in July she undertook her first suicide attempt, making minor cuts to her wrist with a broken glass. During this period, she spent two weeks in treatment at the Austen Riggs Center, a psychiatric hospital in Stockbridge, Massachusetts Following her work on ''The Pirate'', she completed three more films for MGM: ''Easter Parade'' (in which she danced with Fred Astaire), ''In the Good Old Summertime'', and her final film with MGM, ''Summer Stock''.Because of her mental condition, Garland was unable to complete a series of films. During the filming of ''The Barkleys of Broadway'', she was taking prescription sleeping medication along with illicitly obtained pills containing morphine. These, in combination with migraine headaches, led her to miss several shooting days in a row. After being advised by her doctor that she would only be able to work in four-to-five-day increments with extended rest periods between, MGM executive Arthur Freed made the decision to suspend her on July 18, 1948. She was replaced by Ginger Rogers.
Garland was cast in the film adaptation of ''Annie Get Your Gun'' in the title role of Annie Oakley. She was nervous at the prospect of taking on a role strongly identified with Ethel Merman, anxious about appearing in an unglamorous part after breaking from juvenile parts for several years, and disturbed by her treatment at the hands of director Busby Berkeley. She began arriving late to the set, and sometimes failed to appear. She was suspended from the picture on May 10, 1949, and was replaced by Betty Hutton.
Garland was next cast in the film ''Royal Wedding'' with Fred Astaire after June Allyson became pregnant in 1950. She again failed to report to the set on multiple occasions, and the studio suspended her contract on June 17, 1950. She was replaced by Jane Powell. Reputable biographies following her death stated that after this latest dismissal, she slightly grazed her neck with a broken water glass, requiring only a Band-Aid, but at the time, the public was informed that a despondent Garland had slashed her throat. "All I could see ahead was more confusion," Garland later said of this suicide attempt. "I wanted to black out the future as well as the past. I wanted to hurt myself and everyone who had hurt me."
Later career
Renewed stardom on the stage
In October 1951, Garland opened in a vaudeville-style, two-a-day engagement at Broadway's newly refurbished Palace Theatre. Her 19-week engagement exceeded all previous records for the theater, and was described as "one of the greatest personal triumphs in show business history". Garland was honored for her contribution to the revival of vaudeville with a Special Tony Award.Garland's personal and professional achievements during this time were marred by the actions of her mother, Ethel. In May 1952, at the height of her comeback, Ethel was featured in a ''Los Angeles Mirror'' story in which she revealed that while Garland was making a small fortune at the Palace, Ethel was working a desk job at Douglas Aircraft Company for $61 a week. They had been estranged for years, with Garland characterizing her mother as "no good for anything except to create chaos and fear" and accusing her of mismanaging and misappropriating her salary from the earliest days of her career. Garland's sister Virginia denied this, stating "Mama never took a dime from Judy." On January 5, 1953, Ethel was found dead in the Douglas Aircraft parking lot.
''A Star Is Born''
In 1954, Garland filmed a musical remake of the 1937 film ''A Star is Born'' for Warner Bros. She and her third husband, Sid Luft, through their production company, Transcona Enterprises, produced the film while Warner Bros. supplied the funds, production facilities, and crew. Directed by George Cukor and costarring James Mason, it was a large undertaking to which she initially fully dedicated herself. As shooting progressed, however, she began making the same pleas of illness which she had so often made during her final films at MGM. Production delays led to cost overruns and angry confrontations with Warner Bros. head Jack Warner. Principal photography wrapped on March 17, 1954. At Luft's suggestion, the "Born in a Trunk" medley was filmed as a showcase for her and inserted over director Cukor's objections, who feared the additional length would lead to cuts in other areas. It was completed on July 29.Upon its September 29 world premiere, the film was met with tremendous critical and popular acclaim. Before release it was edited at the instruction of Jack Warner; theater operators, concerned that they were losing money because they were only able to run the film for three or four shows per day instead of five or six, pressured the studio to make additional reductions. About 30 minutes of footage was cut, sparking outrage among critics and filmgoers. ''A Star is Born'' ended up losing money, and the secure financial position Garland had expected from the profits did not materialize. Transcona made no more films with Warner.
Garland was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress and, in the run-up to the 27th Academy Awards, was generally expected to be the winner. She could not attend the ceremony because she had just given birth to her son, Joseph Luft, so a television crew was in her hospital room with cameras and wires to televise her anticipated acceptance speech. The Oscar was won, however, by Grace Kelly for ''The Country Girl'' (1954). The camera crew was packing up before Kelly could even reach the stage. Garland even made jokes about the incident on her television series, saying "...and nobody said good-bye." Groucho Marx sent her a telegram after the awards ceremony, declaring her loss "the biggest robbery since Brinks". To this day, it is still considered to be one of the biggest upsets in the history of the Academy Awards and generally felt that she should have rightly won the Oscar and her performance far exceeded Kelly's. ''TIME'' magazine labeled her performance as "just about the greatest one-woman show in modern movie history". Garland won the Golden Globe Award for Best Actress in a Musical for the role.
Garland's films after ''A Star Is Born'' included ''Judgment at Nuremberg'' (1961) (for which she was Oscar-and Golden Globe-nominated for Best Supporting Actress), the animated feature ''Gay Purr-ee'' (1962), and ''A Child Is Waiting'' (1963) with Burt Lancaster. Her final film, ''I Could Go On Singing'' (1963), costarring Dirk Bogarde, mirrored her own life with its story of a world famous singing star. Her last screen performance of a song was the prophetic ''I Could Go on Singing'' at the end of the film.
Television, concerts, and Carnegie Hall
Beginning in 1955, Garland appeared in a number of television specials. The first, the 1955 debut episode of ''Ford Star Jubilee'', was the first full-scale color broadcast ever on CBS and was a ratings triumph, scoring a 34.8 Nielsen rating. She signed a three-year, $300,000 contract with the network. Only one additional special, a live concert edition of ''General Electric Theater'', was broadcast in 1956 before the relationship between the Lufts and CBS broke down in a dispute over the planned format of upcoming specials. In 1956, Garland performed four weeks at the New Frontier Hotel on the Las Vegas Strip for a salary of $55,000 per week, making her the highest-paid entertainer to work in Las Vegas. Despite a brief bout of laryngitis, her performances there were so successful that her run was extended an extra week. Later that year she returned to the Palace Theatre, site of her two-a-day triumph. She opened in September, once again to rave reviews and popular acclaim.In November 1959 Garland was hospitalized, diagnosed with acute hepatitis. Over the next few weeks several quarts of fluid were drained from her body until, still weak, she was released from the hospital in January 1960. She was told by doctors that she likely had five years or less to live, and that even if she did survive she would be a semi-invalid and would never sing again. She initially felt "greatly relieved" at the diagnosis. "The pressure was off me for the first time in my life." However, she successfully recovered over the next several months and, in August of that year, returned to the stage of the Palladium. She felt so warmly embraced by the British that she announced her intention to move permanently to England.
Her concert appearance at Carnegie Hall on April 23, 1961, was a considerable highlight, called by many "the greatest night in show business history". The two-record ''Judy at Carnegie Hall'' was certified gold, charting for 95 weeks on ''Billboard'', including 13 weeks at number one. The album won four Grammy Awards including Album of the Year and Best Female Vocal of the Year. The album has never been out of print.
In 1961, Garland and CBS settled their contract disputes with the help of her new agent, Freddie Fields, and negotiated a new round of specials. The first, entitled ''The Judy Garland Show'', aired in 1962 and featured guests Frank Sinatra and Dean Martin. Following this success, CBS made a $24 million offer to her for a weekly television series of her own, also to be called ''The Judy Garland Show'', which was deemed at the time in the press to be "the biggest talent deal in TV history". Although she had said as early as 1955 that she would never do a weekly television series, in the early 1960s she was in a financially precarious situation. Garland was several hundred thousand dollars in debt to the Internal Revenue Service, having failed to pay taxes in 1951 and 1952, and the financial failure of ''A Star is Born'' meant that she received nothing from that investment. A successful run on television was intended to secure her financial future.
Following a third special, ''Judy Garland and Her Guests Phil Silvers and Robert Goulet'', Garland's weekly series debuted September 29, 1963. ''The Judy Garland Show'' was critically praised, but for a variety of reasons (including being placed in the time slot opposite ''Bonanza'' on NBC) the show lasted only one season and was cancelled in 1964 after 26 episodes. Despite its short run, the series was nominated for four Emmy Awards. The demise of the series was personally and financially devastating for Garland, who never fully recovered from its failure.
Final years
With the demise of her television series, Garland returned to the stage. Most notably, she performed at the London Palladium with her then 18-year-old daughter Liza Minnelli in November 1964. The concert, which was also filmed for British television network ITV, was one of her final appearances at the venue. She made guest appearances on ''The Ed Sullivan Show'', ''The Tonight Show'', ''The Hollywood Palace'', and ''The Merv Griffin Show'', guest-hosting an episode of the last one.A 1964 tour of Australia was largely disastrous. Garland's first concert in Sydney, held in the Sydney Stadium because no concert hall could accommodate the crowds who wanted to see her, went well and received positive reviews. Her second performance, in Melbourne, started an hour late. The crowd of 7,000, angered by her tardiness and believing her to be drunk, booed and heckled her, and she fled the stage after just 45 minutes. She later characterized the Melbourne crowd as "brutish". A second concert in Sydney was uneventful but the Melbourne appearance garnered her significant bad press. Some of that bad press was deflected by the announcement of a near fatal episode of pleurisy.
In February 1967, Garland had been cast as Helen Lawson in ''Valley of the Dolls'' for 20th Century Fox. The character of Neely O'Hara in the book by Jacqueline Susann was rumored to have been based on her. The role of O'Hara in the film was played by Patty Duke. During the filming, she missed rehearsals and was fired in April. She was replaced by Susan Hayward. Her prerecording of the song "I'll Plant My Own Tree" survived, along with her wardrobe tests.
Returning to the stage, Garland made her last appearances at New York's Palace Theatre in July, a 16-show tour, performing with her children Lorna and Joey Luft. She wore a sequined pantsuit on stage for this tour, which was part of the original wardrobe for her character in ''Valley of the Dolls.''
Marriages
David Rose
Garland began a relationship with musician David Rose, and, on her 18th birthday, he gave her an engagement ring. The studio intervened because he was still married at the time to the actress and singer Martha Raye. They agreed to wait a year to allow for his divorce from her to become final, and were wed on July 27, 1941. Garland, who had aborted her pregnancy by him in 1942, agreed to a trial separation in January 1943, and they divorced in 1944.
Vincente Minnelli
During the filming of ''Meet Me in St. Louis'', after some initial conflict between them, Garland and Vincente Minnelli entered a relationship together. They were married June 15, 1945, and on March 12, 1946, daughter Liza was born. In 1951, they divorced.
Sid Luft
She engaged Sid Luft as her manager the same year. He arranged a four-month concert tour of the United Kingdom, where she played to sold-out audiences throughout England, Scotland, and Ireland. It included her first appearances at the renowned London Palladium, for a four-week stand in April. Although some in the British press chided her before her opening for being "too plump", she received rave reviews and the ovation was described by the Palladium manager as the loudest he had ever heard.Garland and Luft were married on June 8, 1952, in Hollister, California, and she gave birth to their first child, Lorna, on November 21 and her third one, Joey, on March 29 1955
Garland sued Luft for divorce in 1963, claiming "cruelty" as the grounds. She also asserted that he had repeatedly struck her while he was drinking and that he had attempted to take their children from her by force. She had filed for divorce more than once previously, including as early as 1956.
Mark Herron
Garland's fourth marriage was to tour promoter Mark Herron. They announced that their marriage had taken place aboard a freighter off the coast of Hong Kong; however, she was not legally divorced from Luft at the time the ceremony was performed. It became final on May 19, 1965, but she and Herron did not legally marry until November 14, 1965 and then separated six months later.
Mickey Deans
By early 1969, Garland's health had deteriorated. She performed in London at the Talk of the Town nightclub for a five-week run and made her last concert appearance in Copenhagen during March 1969. She married her fifth and final husband, Mickey Deans, at Chelsea Register Office, London, on March 15, 1969, her divorce from Herron having been finalized on February 11.
Death
On June 22 1969, Garland was found dead by Deans in the bathroom of their rented house in Chelsea, London. At the subsequent inquest, coroner Gavin Thursdon stated that the cause of death was "an incautious self-overdosage" of barbiturates; her blood contained the equivalent of ten Seconal capsules. Thursdon stressed that the overdose had been unintentional and that there was no evidence to suggest she had committed suicide. Her autopsy showed that there was no inflammation of her stomach lining and no drug residue in there, which indicated that the drug had been ingested over a long period of time, rather than in one dose. Her death certificate stated that her death had been "accidental." Even so, a British specialist who had attended her said she had been living on borrowed time due to cirrhosis of the liver. She had turned 47 just 12 days prior to her death. Her ''Wizard of Oz'' costar Ray Bolger commented at her funeral, "She just plain wore out." An estimated 20,000 people lined up for hours at the Frank E. Campbell Funeral Chapel to view her body. James Mason gave a eulogy at the funeral, which was an Episcopalian service led by the Rev. Peter A. Delaney of Marylebone Church, London, who had officiated at her marriage to Deans. She was interred in a crypt in the community mausoleum at Ferncliff Cemetery, in Hartsdale, New York.
Legacy
Garland's legacy as a performer and a personality has endured long after her death. The American Film Institute named her eighth among the Greatest Female Stars of All Time. She has been the subject of over two dozen biographies since her death, including the well-received ''Me and My Shadows: A Family Memoir'' by her daughter, Lorna Luft, whose memoir was later adapted into the multiple award-winning television miniseries, ''Life with Judy Garland: Me and My Shadows'', which won Emmy Awards for the two actresses portraying her (Tammy Blanchard and Judy Davis). English actress Tracie Bennett portrayed Garland to critical acclaim in a dramatization of her eventual decline and months preceding her death in a play titled ''End of the Rainbow'' at London's Trafalgar Studios. Both the play and Bennett received Laurence Olivier Award nominations.Garland was posthumously awarded the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award in 1997. Several of her recordings have been inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame. These include "Over the Rainbow", which was ranked as the number one movie song of all time in the American Film Institute's "100 Years...100 Songs" list. Four more Garland songs are featured on the list: "Have Yourself a Merry Little Christmas" (#76), "Get Happy" (#61), "The Trolley Song" (#26), and "The Man That Got Away" (#11). She has twice been honored on U.S. postage stamps, in 1989 (as Dorothy) and again in 2006 (as Vicki Lester from ''A Star Is Born''). She is mentioned in the 1998 horror film ''I Still Know What You Did Last Summer'' when the hotel clerk is explaining the history of the hotel in the Bahamas where the film takes place.
Gay icon
Garland always had a large base of fans in the gay community and has become a gay icon. Reasons often given for her standing, especially among gay men, are admiration of her ability as a performer, the way her personal struggles mirrored those of gay men in America during the height of her fame and her value as a camp figure. When asked about how she felt about being a gay icon, she responded, "I couldn't care less. I sing to people."Some have also suggested a connection between the date of Garland's death and funeral on June 27, 1969 and the Stonewall riots, the flashpoint of the modern Gay Liberation movement, which started in the early hours of June 28.
Filmography and performances
Film and TV portrayals
Garland has been portrayed in film by:Garland has also been impersonated in several TV shows as well.
Discography
Awards
See also
Notes
References
External links
Category:1922 births Category:1969 deaths Category:People from Grand Rapids, Minnesota Category:Academy Juvenile Award winners Category:Accidental deaths in England Category:Actors from Minnesota Category:University High School (Los Angeles, California) alumni Category:American people of English descent Category:American child actors Category:American child singers Category:American contraltos Category:American female singers Category:American film actors Category:American voice actors Category:American musicians of English descent Category:American people of Irish descent Category:American people of Scottish descent Category:American radio personalities Category:Best Musical or Comedy Actress Golden Globe (film) winners Category:Burials at Ferncliff Cemetery Category:Capitol Records artists Category:Decca Records artists Category:Drug-related deaths in England Category:Grammy Award winners Category:Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award winners Category:Tony Award winners Category:Traditional pop music singers Category:Vaudeville performers Category:American expatriates in the United Kingdom Category:Real people associated with Oz
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JUDY GARLAND "GET HAPPY" (SUMMER STOCK, 1950)
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JUDY GARLAND "GET HAPPY" (SUMMER STOCK, 1950)
JUDY GARLAND "GET HAPPY" Though it's called Summer Stock, this marvelous "let's put on a show" musical - the final one that showcased the peerless pair of Judy Garland and Gene Kelly - is a delight for all season...
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