The gmina has been the basic unit of territorial division in Poland since 1972, when it replaced the smaller gromada (cluster). There are three types of gminas in Poland: #urban gmina (''gmina miejska'') consisting of just one city or town, #mixed urban-rural gmina (''gmina miejsko-wiejska'') consisting of a town and surrounding villages and countryside; and #rural gmina (''gmina wiejska'') consisting only of villages and countryside. Some rural gminas have their seat in a town which is outside the gmina's division. For example, the ''rural'' Gmina Augustów is administered from the town of Augustów, but does not include the town, as Augustów is an ''urban'' type gmina in its own right.
An urban gmina is normally referred to only, by the name of the city or town in question. Other types of gminas are called "Gmina X", where "X" (in the vast majority of cases) is the name of town or village in which the gmina has its seat. Term "Gmina X" featuring the name of settlement is sometimes translated into English as "X Commune".
The legislative and controlling body of each gmina is the elected municipal council (''rada gminy''), or in a town: ''rada miasta'' (town assembly). Executive power is held by the directly elected mayor of the municipality, called ''wójt'' in rural gminas, ''burmistrz'' in most urban and urban-rural gminas, or ''prezydent'' in towns with more than 100,000 inhabitants and some others which traditionally use the title. A gmina may create auxiliary units (''jednostki pomocnicze''), which play a subordinate administrative role. In rural areas these are called sołectwos; in towns they may be dzielnicas or osiedles. In an urban-rural gmina, the town itself may be designated as an auxiliary unit. For a complete listing of all the gminas in Poland, see ''List of Polish gminas''.
Voivodeship | Poland | ||||||||||||||||
Urban gminas | 36 | 17 | 20 | 9 | 18 | 15 | 35 | 3 | 16 | 13 | 25 | 49 | 5 | 16 | 19 | 11 | 307 |
Urban-rural gminas | 55 | 35 | 22 | 33 | 25 | 43 | 50 | 32 | 31 | 24 | 17 | 22 | 26 | 33 | 90 | 52 | 588 |
Rural gminas | 78 | 92 | 171 | 41 | 134 | 124 | 229 | 36 | 113 | 81 | 81 | 96 | 71 | 67 | 117 | 51 | 1,584 |
Total gminas | 169 | 144 | 213 | 83 | 177 | 182 | 314 | 71 | 160 | 118 | 123 | 167 | 102 | 116 | 226 | 114 | 2,479 |
of which: rural gminas with their seat outside the gmina | 14 | 13 | 17 | 5 | 15 | 9 | 15 | 0 | 12 | 12 | 13 | 0 | 1 | 15 | 11 | 8 | 160 |
Abbreviations used for voivodeships: LS: Lower Silesian Voivodeship, KP: Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, LBL: Lublin Voivodeship, LBS: Lubusz Voivodeship, ŁD: Łódź Voivodeship, LP: Lesser Poland Voivodeship, MS: Masovian Voivodeship, OP: Opole Voivodeship, SK: Subcarpathian Voivodeship, PL: Podlaskie Voivodeship, PM: Pomeranian Voivodeship, SL: Silesian Voivodeship, ŚWK: Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, WM: Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, GP: Greater Poland Voivodeship, WP: West Pomeranian Voivodeship.
LARGEST !! Population (2006 estimate) !! Land area in km² !! Population density per km² | ||
! Urban | Warsaw (1,697,596) | Warsaw (517.22) |
Rural | Gmina Chełmiec (24,344) | Gmina Wałcz (574.89) |
Urban-rural | Gmina Piaseczno (61,525) | Gmina Pisz (633.69) |
Town in urban-rural gmina | Gmina Szczytna: Szczytna (80.38) | |
Rural part of urban-rural gmina | Gmina Wieliczka: rural part (28,864) | Gmina Pisz: rural part (623.61) |
SMALLEST !! Population (2006 estimate) !! Land area in km² !! Population density per km² | ||
! Urban | Krynica Morska (1,364) | Górowo Iławeckie (3.32) |
Rural | Gmina Cisna (1,663) | Gmina Jejkowice (7.59) |
Urban-rural | Gmina Nowe Warpno (1,559) | Gmina Świątniki Górne (20.35) |
Town in urban-rural gmina | Gmina Wyśmierzyce: Wyśmierzyce (892) | Gmina Stawiszyn: Stawiszyn (0.99) |
Rural part of urban-rural gmina | Gmina Nowe Warpno: rural part (363) | Gmina Suchedniów: rural part (15.54) |
Category:Types of country subdivisions
be:Гміна be-x-old:Гміна bg:Гмина ca:Gmina cs:Gmina da:Gmina de:Gmina es:Gmina eo:Komunumo (Pollando) fr:Gmina it:Gmina nl:Gmina no:Gmina pl:Gmina pt:Gmina ro:Comunele Poloniei ru:Гмина sk:Obec (Poľsko) fi:Puolan kunnat tl:Gmina tr:Gmina uk:Ґміна zea:GminaThis text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
The World News (WN) Network, has created this privacy statement in order to demonstrate our firm commitment to user privacy. The following discloses our information gathering and dissemination practices for wn.com, as well as e-mail newsletters.
We do not collect personally identifiable information about you, except when you provide it to us. For example, if you submit an inquiry to us or sign up for our newsletter, you may be asked to provide certain information such as your contact details (name, e-mail address, mailing address, etc.).
When you submit your personally identifiable information through wn.com, you are giving your consent to the collection, use and disclosure of your personal information as set forth in this Privacy Policy. If you would prefer that we not collect any personally identifiable information from you, please do not provide us with any such information. We will not sell or rent your personally identifiable information to third parties without your consent, except as otherwise disclosed in this Privacy Policy.
Except as otherwise disclosed in this Privacy Policy, we will use the information you provide us only for the purpose of responding to your inquiry or in connection with the service for which you provided such information. We may forward your contact information and inquiry to our affiliates and other divisions of our company that we feel can best address your inquiry or provide you with the requested service. We may also use the information you provide in aggregate form for internal business purposes, such as generating statistics and developing marketing plans. We may share or transfer such non-personally identifiable information with or to our affiliates, licensees, agents and partners.
We may retain other companies and individuals to perform functions on our behalf. Such third parties may be provided with access to personally identifiable information needed to perform their functions, but may not use such information for any other purpose.
In addition, we may disclose any information, including personally identifiable information, we deem necessary, in our sole discretion, to comply with any applicable law, regulation, legal proceeding or governmental request.
We do not want you to receive unwanted e-mail from us. We try to make it easy to opt-out of any service you have asked to receive. If you sign-up to our e-mail newsletters we do not sell, exchange or give your e-mail address to a third party.
E-mail addresses are collected via the wn.com web site. Users have to physically opt-in to receive the wn.com newsletter and a verification e-mail is sent. wn.com is clearly and conspicuously named at the point of
collection.If you no longer wish to receive our newsletter and promotional communications, you may opt-out of receiving them by following the instructions included in each newsletter or communication or by e-mailing us at michaelw(at)wn.com
The security of your personal information is important to us. We follow generally accepted industry standards to protect the personal information submitted to us, both during registration and once we receive it. No method of transmission over the Internet, or method of electronic storage, is 100 percent secure, however. Therefore, though we strive to use commercially acceptable means to protect your personal information, we cannot guarantee its absolute security.
If we decide to change our e-mail practices, we will post those changes to this privacy statement, the homepage, and other places we think appropriate so that you are aware of what information we collect, how we use it, and under what circumstances, if any, we disclose it.
If we make material changes to our e-mail practices, we will notify you here, by e-mail, and by means of a notice on our home page.
The advertising banners and other forms of advertising appearing on this Web site are sometimes delivered to you, on our behalf, by a third party. In the course of serving advertisements to this site, the third party may place or recognize a unique cookie on your browser. For more information on cookies, you can visit www.cookiecentral.com.
As we continue to develop our business, we might sell certain aspects of our entities or assets. In such transactions, user information, including personally identifiable information, generally is one of the transferred business assets, and by submitting your personal information on Wn.com you agree that your data may be transferred to such parties in these circumstances.