A day is a unit of time, commonly defined as 24 hours. It also can mean that portion of the full day during which a location is illuminated by the light of the sun. The period of time measured from local noon to the following local noon, is called a ''solar day''.

Several definitions of this universal human concept are used according to context, need and convenience. In 1967, the second was redefined in terms of the wavelength of light, and it became the SI base unit of time. The unit of measurement for time called "day", redefined in 1967 as 86,400 SI seconds and symbolized d, is not an SI unit, but it is accepted for use with SI. A civil day is usually also 86,400 seconds, plus or minus a possible leap second in Coordinated Universal Time UTC, and, in some locations, occasionally plus or minus an hour when changing from or to daylight saving time. The word ''day'' may also refer to a day of the week or to a calendar date, as in answer to the question "On which day?" ''Day'' also refers to the part of the day that is not night — also known as 'daytime'. The life patterns of humans and many other species are related to Earth's solar day and the cycle of day and night, when timing (See circadian rhythms.)

The average length of a solar day on Earth is about 86,400 seconds (24 hours) and there are about 365.2422 solar days in one mean tropical year. Because celestial orbits are not perfectly circular, and thus objects travel at different speeds at various positions in their orbit, a solar day is not the same length of time throughout the orbital year. A ''day'', understood as the span of time it takes for the Earth to make one entire rotation with respect to the celestial background or a distant star (assumed, to be fixed), is called ''stellar day''. This period of rotation is about 4 minutes less than 24 hours and there are about 366.2422 in one mean tropical year. Mainly due to tidal effects, the Earth's rotational period is not constant, resulting in further minor variations for both solar days and stellar 'days'. Other planets and moons also have stellar and solar days.

Introduction

Besides the day of 24 hours (86,400 seconds), the word ''day'' is used for several different spans of time based on the rotation of the Earth around its axis. An important one is the solar day, defined as the time it takes for the sun to return to the zenith (its highest point in the sky). Because the Earth orbits the Sun elliptically as the Earth spins on an inclined axis, this period can be up to 7.9 seconds more than (or less than) 24 hours. On average over the year this day is equivalent to 24 hours (86,400 seconds).

A day, in the sense of daytime that is distinguished from night-time, is commonly defined as the period during which sunlight directly reaches the ground, assuming that there are no local obstacles. The length of daytime averages slightly more than half of the 24-hour day. Two effects make daytime on average longer than nights. The Sun is not a point, but has an apparent size of about 32 minutes of arc. Additionally, the atmosphere refracts sunlight in such a way that some of it reaches the ground even when the Sun is below the horizon by about 34 minutes of arc. So the first light reaches the ground when the centre of the Sun is still below the horizon by about 50 minutes of arc. The difference in time depends on the angle at which the Sun rises and sets (itself a function of latitude), but can amount to around seven minutes.

Ancient custom has a new day start at either the rising or setting of the Sun on the local horizon (Italian reckoning, for example) The exact moment of, and the interval between, two sunrises or two sunsets depends on the geographical position (longitude as well as latitude), and the time of year. This is the time as indicated by ancient hemispherical sundials.

A more constant day can be defined by the Sun passing through the local meridian, which happens at local noon (upper culmination) or midnight (lower culmination). The exact moment is dependent on the geographical longitude, and to a lesser extent on the time of the year. The length of such a day is nearly constant (24 hours ± 30 seconds). This is the time as indicated by modern sundials.

A further improvement defines a fictitious mean Sun that moves with constant speed along the celestial equator; the speed is the same as the average speed of the real Sun, but this removes the variation over a year as the Earth moves along its orbit around the Sun (due to both its velocity and its axial tilt).

The Earth's day has increased in length over time. This phenomenon is due to tides raised by the Moon which slow Earth's rotation. Because of the way the second is defined, the mean length of a day is now about 86,400.002 seconds, and is increasing by about 1.7 milliseconds per century (an average over the last 2,700 years). See tidal acceleration for details. The length of one day was about 21.9 hours 620 million years ago as recorded by rhythmites (alternating layers in sandstone); when the Earth was new about 4.5 billion years ago, it was probably around six hours as determined by computer simulations. The length of day for the Earth or Proto-Earth before the event which created our moon by an impact is yet unknown.

Etymology

The term comes from the Old English ''dæg'', with its cognates such as ''Tag'' in German, and ''dag'' in Norwegian, Danish, Swedish and Dutch.

International System of Units (SI)

A day is defined as 86,400 seconds.

A day on the UTC time scale can include a negative or positive leap second, and can therefore have a length of 86,399 or 86,401 seconds.

The International Bureau of Weights and Measures (BIPM) currently defines a second as

… the duration of 9 192 631 770 periods of the radiation corresponding to the transition between two hyperfine levels of the ground state of the caesium 133 atom.

This makes the SI-based day last exactly 794,243,384,928,000 of those periods.

Decimal and metric time

In the 19th century it had also been suggested to make a decimal fraction ( or ) of an astronomic day the base unit of time. This was an afterglow of decimal time and calendar, which had been given up already for its difficulty to comply with familiar units. The still most successful candidate is the ''centiday'' = 14.4 minutes, as a shorter quarter of an hour and also close to the SI target kilosecond and old Chinese ke.

Astronomy

A day of exactly 86,400 SI seconds is the astronomical unit of time (the second is not preferred in astronomy).

For a given planet, there are three types of day defined in astronomy:

stellar day - an entire rotation of a planet with respect to the distant stars

sidereal day - a single rotation of a planet with respect to the vernal equinox

mean solar day - average time of a single rotation of a planet with respect to the sun as the central star

For Earth, the stellar day and the sidereal day are nearly of the same length and about 3 minutes 56 seconds shorter than the solar day. In fact, the Earth spins 366 times about its axis during a 365-day year, because the Earth's revolution about the Sun removes one apparent turn of the Sun about the Earth.

Colloquial

The word refers to various relatedly defined ideas, including the following:

24 hours (exactly)

the period of light when the Sun is above the local horizon (that is, the time period from sunrise to sunset);

the full day covering a dark and a light period, beginning from the beginning of the dark period or from a point near the middle of the dark period;

a full dark and light period, sometimes called a ''nychthemeron'' in English, from the Greek for ''night-day'';

the time period from 6:00 AM to 6:00 PM or 9:00 PM or some other fixed clock period overlapping or set off from other time periods such as "morning", "evening", or "night".

Civil day

For civil purposes a common clock time has been defined for an entire region based on the mean local solar time at some central meridian. Such time zones began to be adopted about the middle of the 19th century when railroads with regular schedules came into use, with most major countries having adopted them by 1929. For the whole world, 40 such time zones are now in use. The main one is "world time" or Coordinated Universal Time (UTC).

The present common convention has the civil day starting at midnight, which is near the time of the lower culmination of the mean Sun on the central meridian of the time zone. A day is commonly divided into 24 hours of 60 minutes of 60 seconds each.

Leap seconds

To keep the civil day aligned with the apparent movement of the Sun, positive or negative leap seconds may be inserted.

A civil clock day is typically 86,400 SI seconds long, but will be 86,401 s or 86,399 s long in the event of a leap second.

Leap seconds are announced in advance by the International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service which measures the Earth's rotation and determines whether a leap second is necessary. Leap seconds occur only at the end of a UTC month, and have only ever been inserted at the end of June 30 or December 31.

Boundaries of the day

For most diurnal animals, the day naturally begins at dawn and ends at sunset. Humans, with our cultural norms and scientific knowledge, have supplanted Nature with several different conceptions of the day's boundaries. The Jewish day begins at either sunset or at nightfall (when three second-magnitude stars appear). Medieval Europe followed this tradition, known as Florentine reckoning: in this system, a reference like "two hours into the day" meant ''two hours after sunset'' and thus times during the evening need to be shifted back one calendar day in modern reckoning. Days such as Christmas Eve, Halloween, and the Eve of Saint Agnes are the remnants of the older pattern when holidays began the evening before. Present common convention is for the civil day to begin at midnight, that is 00:00 (inclusive), and last a full 24 hours until 24:00 (exclusive).

In ancient Egypt, the day was reckoned from sunrise to sunrise. Muslims fast from daybreak to sunset each day of the month of Ramadan. The "Damascus Document", copies of which were also found among the Dead Sea scrolls, states regarding Sabbath observance that "No one is to do any work on Friday ''from the moment that the sun's disk stands distant from the horizon by the length of its own diameter''," presumably indicating that the monastic community responsible for producing this work counted the day as ending shortly before the sun had begun to set.

In the United States, nights are named after the previous day, ''e.g.'' "Friday night" usually means the entire night between Friday and Saturday. This is the opposite of the Jewish pattern. This difference from the civil day often leads to confusion. Events starting at midnight are often announced as occurring the day before. TV-guides tend to list nightly programs at the previous day, although programming a VCR requires the strict logic of starting the new day at 00:00 (to further confuse the issue, VCRs set to the 12-hour clock notation will label this "12:00 AM"). Expressions like "today", "yesterday" and "tomorrow" become ambiguous during the night.

Validity of tickets, passes, etc., for a day or a number of days may end at midnight, or closing time, when that is earlier. However, if a service (e.g. public transport) operates from for example, 6:00 to 1:00 the next day (which may be noted as 25:00), the last hour may well count as being part of the previous day (also for the arrangement of the timetable). For services depending on the day ("closed on Sundays", "does not run on Fridays", and so on) there is a risk of ambiguity. As an example, for the Nederlandse Spoorwegen (Dutch Railways), a day ticket is valid 28 hours, from 0:00 to 28:00 (that is, 4:00 the next day). To give another example, the validity of a pass on London Regional Transport services is until the end of the "transport day" -- that is to say, until 4:30 am on the day after the "expiry" date stamped on the pass.

24 hours vs daytime

To distinguish between a full day and daytime, the word ''nychthemeron'' may be used in English for the former, or more colloquially the term . In other languages, the latter is also often used. Other languages also have a separate word for a full day, such as יממה in Hebrew, ''dygn'' in Swedish, ''etmaal'' in Dutch, ''doba'' in Polish, ''�?�?тки'' (''sutki'') in Russian, ''�?�?ткі'' (''sutki'') in Belarusian, ''døgn'' in Danish and ''доба�?'' (''doba'') in Ukrainian. In Spanish, ''singladura'' is used, but only as a marine unit of length, being the distance covered in 24 hours.

See also

10 s, times from 10 kiloseconds to 100 kiloseconds

Calculating the day of the week

Daylight

Daylight saving time

Meteorological day

Season, for a discussion of daylight and darkness at various latitudes

Synodic day

Notes and references

External links

Definitions of day, night, twilight (USA navy site)

Formulas to calculate the length of day and night

Sunrise and sunset, all year long, anywhere

Show where it is daytime at the moment

Category:Orders of magnitude (time) Category:Units of time

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name	Michael Franti
background	solo_singer
born	April 21, 1966Oakland, California, U.S.
origin	San Francisco, California, U.S.
instrument	vocals, guitar
occupation	Composer, musician, poet Rapper
genre	Hip hop, funk, reggae, jazz, reggae fusion, folk, jam band, dancehall, rap
years active	1986–present
label	Alternative TentaclesIsland RecordsCapitol recordsBoo Boo WaxSix DegreesANTI-
associated acts	RadioactiveCarl YoungSpearhead
website	michaelfranti.com
imdb	nm0291779 }}

Michael Franti (born April 21, 1966) is an American poet, musician, and composer. He is the creator and lead vocalist of Michael Franti & Spearhead, a band that blends hip hop with a variety of other styles including funk, reggae, jazz, folk, and rock. He is also an outspoken supporter for a wide spectrum of peace and social justice issues.

Early life

Michael Franti was born in Oakland, California to an Irish-German-French mother and an African-American and Native American father. However, his mother made an adoption plan for him because she was afraid her family would not accept him. He was adopted by Carole Wisti and Charles Franti, a Finnish-American couple in Oakland, who had three biological children and two adopted African American sons. Charles Franti was a professor in the department of epidemiology and preventive medicine of the UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine and died in 2003. Michael's four siblings are named Rebecca, Sara, Dan, and Matthew. Michael attended Davis Senior High School and graduated from the University of San Francisco. During his time at school there he met a priest who taught him how to tell a story on paper, and soon he was writing poetry. He purchased a bass at a pawn shop and started creating music inspired by Hip Hop, Punk, and Reggae that was being played on the campus radio station. He has two sons: Ade with his wife Tara Franti-Rye, and Cappy from a previous relationship. At the fourth annual Mountain Jam Festival, he brought Cappy on stage to sing a song.

Career

Beatnigs (1986–1990)

Franti began his music career in 1986 as part of the industrial punk band The Beatnigs. While attending the University of San Francisco and living above KUSF he developed a fascination with music and decided to start a band. The Beatnigs included dancer and percussionist Rono Tse; the band released a self-titled LP and an EP ''Television'' on Alternative Tentacles records. The records received some critical acclaim but little fame beyond the San Francisco Bay Area.

The 1988 LP release ''The Beatnigs'' was recorded at Dancin' Dog Studio in Emeryville and distributed by Alternative Tentacles. In addition to Michael Franti and Ron Tse, the band included Henry Flood on percussion, Andre Flores on keyboards, and Kevin on vocals. All of the band members made multiple instrumental contributions, including industrial percussion.

Disposable Heroes (1991–1993)

His next project, The Disposable Heroes of Hiphoprisy, found Franti continuing his collaboration with Tse, and working with jazz guitarist Charlie Hunter, and electronic musicians Mark Pistel (Consolidated) and Jack Dangers (Meat Beat Manifesto). The Disposable Heroes of Hiphoprisy wrote politically-charged lyrics that railed against the injustices of the world, set to a fusion of industrial music and hip hop. Their first album, ''Hypocrisy is the Greatest Luxury'' (on Island Records), won plaudits for its social commentary, and they were chosen by U2 to open for their Zoo TV Tour.

Franti and the Disposable Heroes put together another record of music accompanying novelist William Burroughs' readings for an album entitled ''Spare Ass Annie and Other Tales''. This album diverged greatly from the style of the band's previous work, as they were largely providing musical background and accompaniment to Burroughs' spoken readings from several of his books.

Michael Franti & Spearhead (1994–present)

In 1994, Franti formed a new band called Spearhead with a few studio musicians, including mainstay Carl Young, and announced the dissolution of Disposable Heroes of Hiphoprisy. Their first release, ''Home'', in September 1994, was a departure from the politically charged rap of the Disposable Heroes and drew more from funk and soul music. The song "Positive", also from the album ''Home'', appeared on the ''Stolen Moments: Red Hot + Cool'' compilation album by the Red Hot Organization. In 1998, Spearhead recorded "I Got Plenty 'o Nuthin" with Ernest Ranglin for the Red Hot Organization's compilation album ''Red Hot + Rhapsody''.

Their follow up album ''Chocolate Supa Highway'' was released in March 1997, with several changes in band members between releases. This album featured a return to hip hop elements and a pronounced reggae influence and included guest appearances by notables like Stephen Marley and Joan Osborne.

After releasing the two albums, the band split with Capitol Records (reportedly prompted by the label's repeated urging to perform with other artists like Will Smith). The band instead decided to create its own record label, Boo Boo Wax. Since Capitol Records owned the rights to the name "Spearhead", subsequent albums were all released as "Michael Franti & Spearhead."

His song "Sometimes" was included on the soundtrack to the 1999 film, ''Mystery Men'', as well as the soundtrack to the 2006 film, ''Last Holiday''. Also, under the "Spearhead" name, their cover version of The Police's 1979 No. 32 hit, "Roxanne", was featured on the soundtrack to the 1997 film ''Good Burger'', the full-length feature film starring Kenan Thompson & Kel Mitchell based on their characters from the popular 'Good Burger' sketch featured on the Nickelodeon series ''All That''.

Michael Franti & Spearhead released ''Stay Human'' in 2000 under their own label Boo Boo Wax in alignment with indie music label Six Degrees Records. The album's central theme was the unjust nature of the death penalty and other major themes included mass media monopolization, the prison-industrial complex and corporate globalization.

In an interview, Franti talked about the message of ''Stay Human'': "Half the record is songs about what's happening in the world right now, and the other half is about how we cope with it as people who are concerned about what's going on", he said. "This specter of war, intimidation, this nation vs. the rest of the world, it wears us out. Half the record is a healthy dose of venting anger about that, and the other half is about how do we hold on to our spirituality, our community and our connectedness to each other." Franti left Six Degrees due to the labels' inability to properly promote the project, for poor record sales and frequent disagreements with the labels' founder Pat Berry.

''Everyone Deserves Music'' was released in 2003. Franti composed many of the songs from his guitar and, like fellow 21st century cultural globalists Manu Chao and Ozomatli, continues to synthesize his eclectic influences. In a departure from the industrial sounds of the Beatnigs and Disposable Heroes, and the minimalism of early Spearhead, Franti's affirming lyrics are now set to swelling rock chords, while keeping a world-wise groove nodding towards reggae, dancehall, bossa nova, Afrobeat, and funk. Anthems like the title track "Everyone Deserves Music", "Yes I Will" and "Bomb The World" are constructed with a nod to the 1980s rock of The Clash and U2, as well as to classic soul from Stax and Motown. The song "We Don't Stop" (featuring Gift of Gab from Blackalicious and Spearhead's rapper/beatbox technician Radioactive) bridges the two sounds in a "Magnificent Seven" style mash-up. And on "Love Why Did You Go Away" and "What I Be", Franti reveals an alluring, sensual singing voice. "Pray For Grace" and "Bomb The World (Armageddon Version)" pair Franti with the reggae/funk giants Sly and Robbie (Grace Jones, Rolling Stones, Black Uhuru, No Doubt).

Also in 2003, Franti released a mostly acoustic album, ''Songs from the Front Porch'' containing rearranged versions of older songs from ''Chocolate Supa Highway'', ''Stay Human'' and ''Everyone Deserves Music'' as well as a couple of new tracks. On July 25, 2006, Michael Franti & Spearhead released ''Yell Fire!'', inspired by Franti's trip to Israel, Baghdad, the West Bank, and the Gaza Strip. In an effort to share his experiences from his trip and to explore the human cost of war, Franti produced a movie entitled ''I Know I'm Not Alone'', using the songs from his album ''Yell Fire!'' as a soundtrack. "One Step Closer To You" from ''Yell Fire!'' features Pink on backing vocals.

Franti and Spearhead have gained a worldwide audience through touring and appearances in alternative media like ''Mother Jones'' magazine and ''Democracy Now!''. Franti continues to tour in addition to producing the annual Power to the Peaceful festival each year since 1998. The festival originated as a way of supporting Mumia Abu-Jamal, who has been convicted of murdering a policeman but is considered by some on the Left to be a political prisoner. Michael Franti continues to gain influence in both popular music and social movements largely through extensive touring and word of mouth fan support. Lyrics from his song "Bomb The World", written in the dark aftermath of September 11 such as "You can bomb the world to pieces, but you can't bomb it into peace" have found their way onto protest signs and t-shirts all over the world from Los Angeles to Berlin, San Francisco to CNN, at demonstrations for peace large and small.

The song "Light Up Ya Lighter" by Michael Franti & Spearhead was included on the soundtrack to ''Body of War'', an award-winning documentary about Tomas Young, a paralyzed Iraq War veteran.

Songs from ''Yell Fire'' and ''All Rebel Rockers'' are on the soundtrack to ''The Edge of Never'', a documentary about extreme skiers mentoring 15-year old Kye Peterson in his quest to ski the route in Chamonix, France that killed his father, Trevor Peterson, nine years earlier.

The album ''All Rebel Rockers'' was released on September 9, 2008 and was largely recorded in Jamaica at the Anchor studio in St Andrew. The band worked with ubiquitous rhythm team Sly and Robbie and featured multi-talented vocalist Cherine Anderson on the set which entered the Billboard 200 pop chart in September at number 38. The single 'Say Hey (I Love You)' also reached Number 18 on the US Hot 100, providing Franti with his first US Top 20 single. Michael Franti was featured on Aux.tv's show Volume where he spoke about U.S. politics and his efforts to make the world a better place.

Franti played three different events to commemorate President Barack Obama's inauguration: The Green Ball, The Peace Ball and the Rock the Vote Party.

Franti announced in November 2009 that he would be joining musician John Mayer on the Battle Studies Tour in spring 2010.

As part of the band's commitment to environmentalism, Michael Franti and Spearhead avoid the use of water bottles on national tours and run their tour bus on biodiesel.

Franti announced the release of ''The Sound of Sunshine'' on his official website in July 2010. The original release date was August 2010 but was later pushed back until September. It will feature 12 tracks including two versions of the title track, the new hit single, "Shake It", and staples of his recent live performances including "Hey Hey Hey", "Anytime You Need Me", "The Thing That Helps Me Get Through", and the anthemic arena-rock ballad "I'll Be Waiting". The album originally was set to be released on August 24, but has currently been pushed back to September 21 to give the album "more runway."

Michael Franti started the recording process for ''The Sound of Sunshine'' in Jamaica but then continued to mix tracks and record in Bali before choosing to bring a portable studio on the road. He continued to record on the road and then test his ideas in front of live audiences to see if they liked it before going back and revamping it the next day. He has since been quoted as saying 90% of the album ended up being recorded on his laptop.

Politics

Franti is also an advocate for peace in the Middle East. His film ''I Know I'm Not Alone'' features footage of Iraq, the Palestinian territories, and Israel. Franti decided to embark on this three week journey with friends to view the cost of war in the Middle East first-hand. Franti states, "This film came out of my frustration with watching the nightly news and hearing generals, politicians, and pundits explaining the political and economic cost of the war in the Middle East, without ever mentioning the human cost. I wanted to hear about the war by the people affected by it most: doctors, nurses, poets, artists, soldiers, and my personal favorite, musicians." The film aims to speak multiple generations and to give people a better understanding of the people who still live in war-torn countries. He did not embark on the trip for the film with any special government groups or organizations, but instead bought plane tickets and headed off to Iraq, the Palestinian territories, and Israel armed with nothing more than his guitar and an extreme passion for music and a love of people. He says, "When I first had the idea for this journey, I had no idea how to get to Iraq and almost no idea how to make a film. After discovering that all you need to get into Iraq is a plane ticket, I prayed that movie making would be that simple..."

In 2006, he was invited by Australian Labour MP Jenny Macklin to show the film at Australia's Parliament House, Canberra.

Personal life

Inspired by his son, Michael became a vegan.

In 2000, Franti decided not to wear any shoes, initially for three days. Since then, Franti has been walking through life barefoot except for occasionally wearing flip-flops as required to board an airplane or to be served in a restaurant. Franti prefers to go barefoot.

Discography

Solo

2000: ''Live at the Baobab''

2003: ''Songs from the Front Porch''

Spearhead

Studio albums

1994: ''Home''

1997: ''Chocolate Supa Highway''

2001: ''Stay Human''

2003: ''Everyone Deserves Music''

2006: ''Yell Fire!'' #125 US 2008: ''All Rebel Rockers'' #39 US

2010: ''The Sound of Sunshine''

Singles

1994: "Of course you can" UK #74

1995: "Hole in the bucket" UK #55

1995: "People in tha middle" UK #49

1995: "Positive"

1997: "U can't sing R song"

1997: "Why Oh Why" UK #45

1997: "Rebel Music (3 O'Clock Roadblock)" (feat. Stephen Marley) (promo-only)

1997: "Keep Me Lifted"

2001: "Rock the Nation"

2001: "Sometimes"

2002: "Soulshine" (Australia-only EP)

2003: "Bomb the World"

2003: "Everyone Deserves Music"

2009: "Obama Song" (feat. SoliLaquists of Sound, Cherine Anderson & Anthony B) (Digital Only)

2009: "Say Hey (I Love You)" #18 US

2011: "Hey Hey Hey"

Live albums and compilations

1994: ''Stolen Moments: Red Hot + Cool''

1998: ''Red Hot + Rhapsody''

2005: ''Weeds (Music from the Original TV Series)''

2005: ''Live in Sydney''

2005: ''Love Kamikaze (Singles and Remixes)''

2005: ''Live: Alaska''

2005: ''Power to the Peaceful Festival 2005 (CD & DVD)''

2006: ''Snakes on a Plane: The Album''

2007: ''Yell Fire! Live''

2008: ''CLIF GreenNotes Protect the Places We Play''

2008: ''The Wire: And All the Pieces Matter -- Five Years of Music from The Wire''

Collaborations

1992: ''Infinity within (album)'' (Deee-Lite, "Fuddy Duddy Judge" feat. Michael Franti)

1995: ''Blue In The Face (Movie Soundtrack)'' ("To My Ba-Bay!" w/ Spearhead & Zap Mama)

1997: ''Seven'', "Poetry Man" (with Zap Mama and King Britt) and "Baba Hooker" (with Zap Mama)

1999: ''Dal Basso'' (Jovanotti feat. Michael Franti)

2001: ''Stay Human'', "Listener Supported" (with Zap Mama})

:''Steady Pull'' (Jonatha Brooke feat. Michael Franti)

2002: ''1 Giant Leap'' (Jamie Catto & Duncan Bridgeman, "Passion" feat. Michael Franti)

2003: ''The World Around'' (Buscemi feat. Michael Franti)

:''Little Drummer Boy (Blind Boys Of Alabama feat. Michael Franti)

:''There's Enough For All Of Us'' (Hardage feat. Michael Franti)

:''My Love'' (E-Life feat. Michael Franti)

2005: ''Look at All the Love We Found: A Tribute To Sublime'' ("What I Got" w/ Michael Franti & Spearhead featuring Gift of Gab)

2006: ''What's This?'' (Franti, Gabriel Ríos and Flip Kowlier)

2007: ''Supermoon'', "Hey Brotha" (with Zap Mama)

2008: ''Mani libere'' (Jovanotti feat. Michael Franti)

: ''The End'' (Sugarush Beat Company feat. Michael Franti)

2009: ''All Rebel Rockers'', "High Low" (with Zap Mama)

2010: ''El Vecindario'', "Monkey Man" (with Macaco)

2011: ''Battiti di ali di farfalla'' (with Lorenzo Jovanotti Cherubini)

2011: ''The Sound of Sunshine'' (with Lorenzo Jovanotti Cherubini)

:"P.O.W." (With Honest Bob)(From the album The Game)

:"I Love The Future + Praize Creation Dub + Dignity Of Struggle" (With The Fire This Time)(From the album Still Dancing On John Waynes Head)

The Beatnigs

1988: ''The Beatnigs (album)''

The Disposable Heroes of Hiphoprisy

1992: ''Hypocrisy Is the Greatest Luxury''

1992: ''Spare-Ass Annie and Other Tales'' (William S. Burroughs album)

Appearances in media

Franti's music was featured twice on HBO's urban drama ''The Wire''. "Oh My God" and "Rock The Nation", both from the album ''Stay Human'', were used in two different episodes during the series' first season. Franti's song "Everybody Ona Move" was featured in the pilot episode of ''Privileged'' on the CW in 2008 and also in a 2009 PlayStation 3 commercial. "Yell Fire" was used to promote the FX channel series ''Rescue Me'' and was also used in the closing credits of the pilot episode of ''Virtuality'' on Fox. Showtime's ''Weeds'' featured Franti's song "Ganja Babe" in its first season, his interpretation of the Weeds theme song "Little Boxes" in Season 3, and "Say Hey" during a flash mob scene in the premiere episode of Season 5. Philadelphia Phillies centerfielder Shane Victorino uses the song "Light up Ya Lighter" as his batter walk-up music. "Say Hey (I Love You)" was used on the third episode of NBC's series ''Mercy'', as well as in the opening scene of the 2010 film ''Valentine's Day''. The same song was also used in 2010 in a commercial for Corona Light beer. The song is also featured on the soundtrack of the game ''2010 World Cup South Africa''.

He appeared as himself in the 2010 music documentary ''Sounds Like A Revolution''.

External links

Michael Franti - official website

Facebook">Facebook - official Michael Franti Facebook

MySpace">MySpace - official Michael Franti MySpace

I Know I'm Not Alone - official website

Internet Archive">Michael Franti and Spearhead @ the Internet Archive (live music archive)

References

Category:1966 births Category:American adoptees Category:American anti-war activists Category:American vegans Category:American people of Irish descent Category:American people of German descent Category:American people of French descent Category:American people of Native American descent Category:Live Music Archive artists Category:Living people Category:People from Davis, California Category:People from Oakland, California Category:Rappers from California Category:Reggae fusion artists Category:University of San Francisco alumni Category:Capitol Records artists

de:Michael Franti fr:Michael Franti it:Michael Franti nl:Michael Franti

name	Cody Simpson
background	solo_singer
birth name	Cody Robert Simpson
born	January 11, 1997Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
origin	Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
instrument	Vocals, guitar
genre	Pop, R&B;
occupation	Singer
years active	2009–present
label	Atlantic 2010 – Present
associated acts
website	codysimpson.com }}

Cody Robert Simpson (born 11 January 1997) is an Australian pop singer from Gold Coast, Queensland, who is currently signed to US record label Atlantic Records.

Early life

Simpson was born to Brad and Angie Simpson. He has two younger siblings, Tom and Alli. He is also a talented swimmer, winning two gold medals at the Queensland Swimming Championships. Simpson trained at the Miami Swimming Club under coach Ken Nixon. Simpson's mother Angie works as a volunteer at the club.

Simpson began to record songs in his bedroom during the summer of 2009 on YouTube, performing "I'm Yours" by Jason Mraz, "Cry Me a River" and "Señorita" by Justin Timberlake, "I Want You Back" by the Jackson 5, and his own songs, "One" and "Perfect." He was subsequently discovered on YouTube by Shawn Campbell, a Grammy-nominated record producer who has produced for Jay-Z and other artists.

Music career

Simpson's rise to recognition was featured on ''The 7.30 Report'' in December 2009. He released his debut single, "iYiYi" (which features American rapper Flo Rida), on 15 May 2010. It was digitally released on 30 May 2010. The music video for "iYiYi" was released on 30 June 2010. The music video for Simpson's second single, "Summertime", was released on 20 September 2010.

Simpson relocated to Los Angeles in June 2010 with his family to record his songs with Atlantic Records and his producer Shawn Campbell. His manager is Michael 'Blue' Williams. That same month, Simpson appeared on ''Sunrise''. On 22 June 2010, it was announced that Simpson would participate in the ''Camplified 2010 Tour'', along with other artists, touring across the United States. The tour began on 5 July 2010 and ended on 14 August 2010. It was also Simpson's first public tour. While on tour, Simpson performed a song called "Love So Strong". In an interview with ''Popstar Magazine'', Simpson stated that his inspiration for the song was "A girl, back home. That's all I can say."

On 4 December 2010, it was announced on Simpson's official website that an EP entitled ''4 U'' would be released through iTunes on 21 December 2010. The EP includes five tracks in total, four of them being previously unreleased.

Simpson recorded a remake of the song "I Want Candy" by The Strangeloves as the main theme song for the Easter-themed live-action/CGI-animated film ''Hop''.

On 23 April 2011, Simpson released the single "On My Mind" through his website. It was released on iTunes on 23 May 2011 and the music video was released on 17 June 2011.

Simpson is currently working on tracks for an upcoming EP on Atlantic Records. It will be released on 20 September 2011. Simpson's best friend, Campbell Carsley announced the release date on twitter on 18 July 2011. It will be called Coast To Coast, the same name as his current mall tour.

Touring

Simpson has been on tour recently promoting his new EP, making stops at various locations in the United States. Most notably, Simpson participated in the "Camplified 2010" tour in June. Other tours include a middle school tour that took place from October–November 2010 and covered 9 U.S States.

In May 2011, Simpson was “egged” during a live show at ''Miranda Fair'', Sydney. Simpson told Australian radio show ''The Kyle & Jackie O Show'' that he wasn’t in fact hit by the eggs and that he was upset on behalf of his fans because the remainder of his show was cancelled because of security concerns.

Filmography

Television

Notes
2011	''So Random!''	Himself

Discography

Extended plays

{|class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" border="1" |+ List of albums, with selected chart positions ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:8em;"| Title ! scope="col" rowspan="2" style="width:16em;"| Album details ! scope="col" | Peak |- ! scope="col" style="width:3em;font-size:85%;"| US Heat |- ! scope="row" |''4 U'' |

Released: 21 December 2010

Label: Atlantic

Format: Digital download

| 4 |- ! scope="row" |''Coast to Coast'' |

Released: 20 September 2011

Label: Atlantic

Format: CD, digital download

| — |}

Singles

— 19 — —

rowspan="2"	Year	Single	Peak chart positions				Album
! width="45"	! width="45"		! width="45"	! width="45"
rowspan="2"	2010		19	83	73	''4 U''
align="left"	—	|	—	—	Non-album single
	align="left"	97	|	79	—	''4 U''
align="left"	—	|	—	—	''Hop (film)	Hop''
align="left"	—	|	83	—

Music videos

!Year	Song	Director(s)
	iYiYi (featuring Flo Rida)	Mark Staubach
"Summertime"
	"All Day"	David Ovenshire
"On My Mind"	Travis Kopach

Tours

Waiting 4U Tour

Awards and nominations

! Year	! Type	! Award	! Result
	Nickelodeon Australian Kids Choice Awards 2010	Fresh Aussie Musos
Breakthrough Of The Year Awards 2010	Breakthrough Internet Sensation
	Iconic Fan Favorite
Icon of Tomorrow
Capricho Awards 2010	International Singer
Hollywood Teen TV Awards	"Teen Pick Music: Male Artist"
		Super Fresh Award
Aussie Musos
Awesome Aussie

References

External links

Category:1997 births Category:Atlantic Records artists Category:Australian child singers Category:Australian male singers Category:Australian pop singers Category:Australian rhythm and blues singers Category:Australian singer-songwriters Category:Living people Category:People from the Gold Coast, Queensland

ar:�?�?دي سيمبس�?ن de:Cody Simpson es:Cody Simpson fa:ک�?دی سیمپس�?ن fr:Cody Simpson id:Cody Simpson it:Cody Simpson la:Cody Simpson nl:Cody Simpson ja:コ�?��?�ィ�?��?�シ�?��?�ソ�?� no:Cody Simpson pl:Cody Simpson pt:Cody Simpson fi:Cody Simpson sv:Cody Simpson tr:Cody Simpson

name	Magnetic Man
background	group_or_band
genre	Dubstep
associated acts	Katy BJohn LegendMs Dynamite
years active	2007–present
label	Columbia
website
current members	BengaSkreamArtwork }}

Magnetic Man is an electronic music project consisting of dubstep producers and DJs, Benga, Skream and Artwork. The trio first met in the late 1990s at the Big Apple Records store in Croydon, England. They perform using three computers, one playing drum samples, one playing basses and the third playing leads and samples. Artwork controls the master laptop, to which the other two are synchronised via MIDI. Their sets usually consist of a mix of original tracks produced together, and live remixes of Benga and Skream's tracks, accompanied by synchronised projected visuals by Novak Collective. They signed to Columbia Records in February 2010. Magnetic Man completed their first full length sellout tour on 5 November 2010. Their eponymous debut studio album, ''Magnetic Man'' was released through Sony by Columbia Records on 10 October 2010.

Discography

Albums

{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |- !rowspan="2"| Year !rowspan="2"| Album details !colspan="2"| Peak chart positions |- !style="width:4em;font-size:75%;"|UK !style="width:4em;font-size:75%;"|BEL (FLA) |- |2010 |align="left"| ''Magnetic Man''

Released: 11 October 2010

Label: Columbia Records

Formats: CD, Digital Download, Vinyl Record

| 5 | 70 |}

Extended plays

!Year	Album
2009	''The Cyberman''	* Released: 30 March 2009	* Label: Magnet	music download>Digital Download, Vinyl

Singles

63 4 —

scope="col" rowspan="2"	Year	Single	Peak chart positions				Album
! scope="col" style="width:4em;font-size:100%;"	! scope="col" style="width:4em;font-size:100%;"		! scope="col" style="width:4em;font-size:100%;"	! scope="col" style="width:4em;font-size:100%;"
rowspan="2"	2010	"I Need Air" (featuring Angela Hunte)	10	27	55	rowspan="4"	''MagneticMan''
	16	|	78	—
rowspan="2"	2011	"Getting Nowhere" (featuring John Legend)	65	|	32	—
"Anthemic" (featuring P Money)	50	|	—	—

Other charted songs

scope="col" rowspan="2"	Year	Single	Peakpositions		Album
! scope="col" style="width:4em;font-size:100%"	! scope="col" style="width:4em;font-size:100%"
2010	"Crossover" (featuring Katy B)	114	19	''Magnetic Man''

Other songs

{|class="wikitable" |- !Year !Single !Album |- |rowspan="3"|2007 |"Soulz" | rowspan="3" style="text-align:center;"|''Dubstep Allstars: Volume 5'' |- |"Alright, What's Happening?" |- |"Ligma" |- ||2008 |"Ligma VIP" | style="text-align:center;"|''Mary Anne Hobbs presents Evangeline'' |}

References

External links

Category:English electronic musicians Category:Living people Category:Dubstep music groups

da:Magnetic Man de:Magnetic Man fr:Magnetic Man it:Magnetic Man nl:Magnetic Man ru:Magnetic Man

name	Iain Lee
birth date	June 09, 1973
birth name	Iain Lee Rougvie
birth place	Slough, Buckinghamshire, England
occupation	Radio presenter, television presenter, comedian, musician
employer	Absolute Radio
website	www.iainlee.com }}

Iain Lee is a British comedian, and a television and radio presenter. His career began when he performed stand-up comedy gigs across venues in London. He subsequently became co-presenter of the comedy current affairs show ''The 11 O'Clock Show'' on Channel 4. After three years at London talk radio station LBC 97.3, Lee resigned and, after two years presenting a Sunday night slot, now hosts ''Iain Lee's 2 Hour Long Late Night Radio Show'' on Absolute Radio (formerly Virgin Radio) since 12 October 2009.

Early life

Lee was born in Slough, Buckinghamshire, England and attended Herschel Grammar School.

Television career

Lee was the lead presenter on satirical comedy show ''The 11 O'Clock Show'' on Channel 4, alongside Mackenzie Crook and Daisy Donovan. The show also featured comedians Ali G and Ricky Gervais. He then went on to present the early morning ''Big Breakfast'' replacement on Channel 4, ''RI:SE'', with Kate Lawler from ''Big Brother'' 2002. Lee presented a few other shows, including computer game show ''Thumb Bandits''.

Credits

The Beckhams Go To Hollywood Sky One

The Race Sky One & Three

Wills and Harry in Vegas Sky One

I Love Lost Sky One

Law of the Playground Channel 4

Citizen TV BBC2

Celebrity Soup E!

All Star Sketch Show ITV1

Flipside Channel 4 & Paramount

Gamestars ITV1

RI:SE Channel 4

The Q Awards Channel 4

My Worst Week BBC1

You Askin’ I’m Dancin’ Channel 4

Liquid News BBC3

Thumb Bandits Channel 4

Perrier Awards Channel 4

E for Edge Channel 4

Mental Play UK

Thumb Candy Channel 4

Critical Mass Channel 4

The 11 O’Clock Show Channel 4

Parliamentary Awards Channel 4

Vent Channel 4

New Labour New Language Channel 4

Film

Film credits

Beyond Borders d. Martin Campbell

Radio Mania d. Iain Forsyth and Jane Pollard

Radio career

1999–2001: Xfm London

Lee began his radio career as a presenter on Xfm London from 1999 to 2001.

2005–2007: LBC 97.3

Lee was a presenter on London talk radio station LBC 97.3 from January 2005 to November 2007. Lee filled in for Clive Bull for two weeks in late 2004, until he presented on Friday, Saturday and Sunday nights from 10pm-1am.

In October 2005, Lee moved from weekends to the drivetime slot from 4pm-7pm. Lee titled the show "''The 3 Hour 4 'Till 7 Iain Lee Afternoon Wireless Show.''". In January 2006, Lee moved again to 3pm-6:30pm, with the show being renamed to "''The 3 and a Half Hour 3 'Till 6.30 Iain Lee Afternoon Wireless Show''.

From January 2007 to his resignation in November, Lee presented the evening slot from 7pm-10pm preceding Bull in the newly titled show, "''Iain Lee's Good Evening''". Lee chose the name after seeking advice from his friend and fellow comedian Mackenzie Crook. The afternoon show was taken over by then weekend breakfast show host Paul Ross.

A change of radio station management (when Global Radio purchased LBC) in mid-2007 led to the demise of the Sunday Night Triple M show altogether, with the last show on September 16, 2007. Lee's style of presenting fell out of favour with the new management, with returning topical and news-led conversation. Without notice, ''Iain Lee's Good Evening'' came to an end on November 2, 2007, with the last ten minutes being given to Triple M.

For just over two years (September 9, 2005 to September 16, 2007) Lee hosted "Triple M", a feature where calls go straight to air, live and unscreened. Other talk radio presenters have also hosted similar features, including Nick Abbot, Tommy Boyd and Clive Bull. Initially, Lee would host the feature every Friday evening during the last half hour of the show. Originally called "Mental Mayhem", it was renamed to "Mick's Mental Mayhem" (after a caller named Mick), then simply "Triple M". The rising popularity of the format, along with a change in show times in May 2006 led to Lee present a whole three hour show on Sunday evenings from 10pm-1am to Triple M, being called "Sunday Night Triple M", from May 7, 2006 to September 16, 2007. At the time, management favoured the unique format as it would introduce ''exclusive listeners'' to the radio station.

2008–present: Absolute Radio

Iain was rehired by his old LBC boss David Lloyd at Absolute Radio where he presented The Sunday Night Show from 10:00 pm – 1:00 am, with a mixture of music and phone-in's. From October 12, 2009, Lee's show broadcasts Monday to Thursday from 11:00pm – 1:00am, taking over the slot from Ben Jones. In April 2009 he became the first radio DJ in the UK to wrestle a listener (Matt "The Pain" Early). The match was broadcast on Absolute Radio on 17 May 2009.

Credits and covers

Triple M LBC

Lost Podcast Channel 4

The Three & A Half Hour 3 till 6.30 Afternoon Wireless Show LBC

Guest presenter Capital Radio

The Iain Lee Show Breakfast Show XFM London

Loose Ends Radio 4

Saturday Afternoon Show Radio 6

Sunday Service Radio 5

Over the Christmas 2008 period, Lee presented the weekday morning show on BBC 6 Music, standing in for co-''Big Brother'' presenter George Lamb.

Lee covers for Tim Shaw on Absolute Radio when he is on his annual leave.

Other work

Lee currently writes for the MSN gaming column and records monthly podcasts. He is a big Lost fan, and presented Channel 4 radio's ''UK Lost'' podcast, where he summarised each episode of series two after it was broadcast in the UK. After Sky acquired rights to air Lost Seasons 3 and 4, Lee was signed to return in Sky's very own podcast, entitled ''The Lost Initiative''. For seasons 5 and 6, ''The Lost Initiative'' changed from an audio podcast to a "vidcast", with up to three online video discussions a week.

Lee records regular segments for BBC's One Show.

Lee has appeared on BBC Radio 4's ''Loose Ends''. Along with his ex-producer at LBC, "Agent Chris", Lee appeared on "XLeague.tv" discussing videogames.

Lee's voice can be heard on TV channel Dave.

Lee has a free podcast called "Shindiggery", consisting of music, sound bites and audio recordings.

Lee presented the official ''Big Brother'' radio show with co-host Gemma Cairney. The programme was called ''Big Brother's Big Ears'' and aired twice a week on channel4.com/bigbrother.

Lee has performed an experimental work by artists Iain Forsyth and Jane Pollard in Sheffield called "Performer. Audience. Fuck Off" - an interpretation of the seminal piece "Performer/Audience/Mirror" originally presented in 1975 by American artist Dan Graham

Lee regularly appears in Frosty Jack's Cider adverts on ITV2.

References

External links

Iain Lee Presents...Shindiggery

Iain Lee's YouTube videos

The Lost Initiative podcast

Category:1973 births Category:Alumni of Middlesex University Category:English comedians Category:English radio presenters Category:English television presenters Category:Living people Category:People from Muswell Hill Category:People educated at Herschel Grammar School