group | Cajuns |
---|---|
pop | 2-5 million |
regions | |
region1 | Louisiana |
pop1 | 432,549 |
region2 | Texas |
pop2 | 56,000 |
region3 | Florida |
pop3 | N/A |
region4 | Mississippi |
pop4 | N/A |
region5 | Alabama |
pop5 | N/A |
region6 | Georgia |
pop6 | N/A |
region7 | Other U.S. States |
pop7 | N/A |
langs | Cajun French Cajun English, American English, Standard French, Acadian French |
rels | Predominantly Roman Catholicism |
related | French, Québécois, Métis, Acadians, Louisiana Creoles }} |
While Lower Louisiana had been settled by French colonists since the late 18th century, the Cajuns trace their roots to the influx of Acadian settlers after the Great Expulsion from their homeland during the French and Indian War (1754 to 1763). The Acadia region to which modern Cajuns trace their origin consisted largely of what are now Nova Scotia and the other Maritime provinces, plus parts of eastern Quebec and northern Maine. Since their establishment in Louisiana the Cajuns have developed their own dialect, Cajun French, and developed a vibrant culture including folkways, music, and cuisine.
The British Conquest of Acadia happened in 1710. Over the next forty-five years, the Acadians refused to sign an unconditional oath of allegiance to Britain. During this time period Acadians participated in various militia operations against the British and maintained vital supply lines to the French Fortress of Louisbourg and Fort Beausejour. During the French and Indian War (part of the Seven Years War and known by that name in Canada and Europe), the British sought to neutralize the Acadian military threat and to interrupt their vital supply lines to Louisbourg by deporting Acadians from Acadia. During 1755-1763 Acadia consisted of parts of present-day Canada: Nova Scotia, New Brunswick and Prince Edward Island. The deportation of the Acadians has become known as the Great Upheaval or Le Grand Dérangement.
The Acadians' migration from Canada was spurred by the Treaty of Paris (1763) which ended the war. The treaty terms provided 18 months for unrestrained emigration. Many Acadians moved to the region of the Atakapa in present-day Louisiana, often travelling via the French Colony of Saint-Domingue (present day Haiti). Joseph Broussard led the first group of 200 Acadians to arrive in Louisiana on February 27, 1765 aboard the Santo Domingo. On April 8, 1765, he was appointed militia captain and commander of the "Acadians of the Atakapas" region in St. Martinville. Some of the settlers wrote to their family scattered around the Atlantic to encourage them to join them at New Orleans. For example, Jean-Baptiste Semer, wrote to his father in France:
Only after many of the Cajuns had moved to Louisiana, seeking to live under a French government, did they discover France had secretly ceded Louisiana to Spain in the Treaty of Fontainebleau (1762). The formal announcement of the transfer was made in December 1764. The Cajuns took part in the Rebellion of 1768 in an attempt to prevent the transfer. The Spanish formally asserted control in 1769.
The Acadians were scattered throughout the eastern seaboard. Families were split and put on ships with different destinations. Many ended up west of the Mississippi River in what was then French-colonized Louisiana, including territory as far north as Dakota territory. France had ceded the colony to Spain in 1762, prior to their defeat by Britain and two years before the first Acadians began settling in Louisiana. The interim French officials provided land and supplies to the new settlers. The Spanish governor, Bernardo de Gálvez, later proved to be hospitable, permitting the Acadians to continue to speak their language, practice their native religion, Roman Catholicism—which was also the official religion of Spain—and otherwise pursue their livelihoods with minimal interference. Some families and individuals did travel north through the Louisiana territory to set up homes as far north as Wisconsin. Cajuns fought in the American Revolution. Although they fought for Spanish General Galvez, their contribution to the winning of the war has been recognized.
"Galvez leaves New Orleans with an army of Spanish regulars and the Louisiana militia made up of 600 Cajun volunteers and captures the British strongholds of Fort Bute at Bayou Manchac, across from the Acadian settlement at St. Gabriel. And on September 21, they attack and capture Baton Rouge."
A review of participating soldiers shows many common Cajun names among those who fought in the battles of Baton Rouge and West Florida. The Galvez Chapter of the Daughters of the American Revolution was formed in memory of those soldiers. The Acadians' joining the fight against the British was partially a reaction to the British having evicted them from Acadia.
The Spanish colonial government settled the earliest group of Acadian exiles west of New Orleans, in what is now south-central Louisiana—an area known at the time as Attakapas, and later the center of the Acadiana region. As Brasseaux wrote, "The oldest of the pioneer communities . . . Fausse Point, was established near present-day Loreauville by late June, 1765." The Acadians shared the swamps, bayous and prairies with the Attakapa and Chitimacha Native American tribes.
After the end of the American Revolutionary War, about 1,500 more Acadians arrived in New Orleans. About 3,000 Acadians had been deported to France during the Great Upheaval. In 1785 about 1,500 were authorized to emigrate to Louisiana, often to be reunited with their families, or because they could not settle in France. Living in a relatively isolated region until the early 1900s, Cajuns today are largely assimilated into the mainstream society and culture. Some Cajuns live in communities outside of Louisiana. Also, some people identify themselves as Cajun culturally despite lacking Acadian ancestry.
Non-Acadian French Creoles in rural areas were absorbed into Cajun communities. Some Cajun parishes, such as Evangeline and Avoyelles, possess relatively few inhabitants of Acadian origin. Their populations descend in many cases from settlers who migrated to the region from Quebec, Mobile, or directly from France. Theirs is regarded as the purest dialect of French spoken within Acadiana. Regardless, it is generally acknowledged that Acadian influences have prevailed in most sections of south Louisiana.
Many Cajuns also have ancestors who were not French. Many of the original settlers in French Acadia were English, for example the Melansons (originally Mallinson). Irish, German, Greek, Spanish Canary Islanders, and Italian colonists began to settle in Louisiana before and after the Louisiana Purchase, particularly on the German Coast along the Mississippi River north of New Orleans. People of Latin American origin, a number of early Filipino settlers (notably in Saint Malo, Louisiana), known as "Manilamen," from the annual cross-Pacific Galleon or Manila Galleon trade with neighboring Acapulco, Mexico, descendants of African American slaves, and some Cuban Americans have also settled along the Gulf Coast and, in some cases, intermarried into Cajun families. Anglo-American settlers in the region often were assimilated into Cajun communities, especially those who arrived before the English language became predominant in southern Louisiana.
One obvious result of this cultural mixture is the variety of surnames that are common among the Cajun population. Surnames of the original Acadian settlers (which are documented) have been augmented by French and non-French family names that have become part of Cajun communities. The spelling of many family names has changed over time. (See, for example, Eaux).
In 1968 the organization of Council for the Development of French in Louisiana (CODOFIL) was founded to preserve the French language in Louisiana. Besides advocating for their legal rights, Cajuns also recovered for themselves a sense of ethnic pride and appreciation for their ancestry. Since the mid-1950s, relations between the Cajuns of the U.S. Gulf Coast and Acadians in the Maritimes and New England have been renewed, forming an Acadian identity common to Louisiana, New England, New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia.
State Senator Dudley LeBlanc ("Coozan Dud", a Cajun slang nickname for "Cousin Dudley") took a group of Cajuns to Nova Scotia in 1955 for the commemoration of the 200th anniversary of the expulsion. The Congrès Mondial Acadien, a large gathering of Acadians and Cajuns held every five years since 1994, is another example of continued unity.
Sociologists Jacques Henry and Carl L. Bankston III have maintained that the preservation of Cajun ethnic identity is a result of the social class of Cajuns. During the eighteenth and nineteenth century, "Cajuns" came to be identified as the French-speaking rural people of Southwestern Louisiana. Over the course of the twentieth century, the descendants of these rural people became the working class of their region. This change in the social and economic circumstances of families in Southwestern Louisiana created nostalgia for an idealized version of the past. Henry and Bankston point out that "Cajun", which was formerly considered an insulting term, became a term of pride among Louisianans by the beginning of the twenty-first century.
Since many Cajuns and Creoles were farmers and not especially wealthy, they were known for not wasting any part of a butchered animal. Cracklins are a popular snack made by frying pork skins or fat and boudin is created from the ground-up leftover parts of a hog after the best meat is taken, which is mixed with cooked rice. It is usually formed into a sausage, but can also be rolled in a ball and deep-fried called a boudin ball.
Recent documentation has been made of Cajun English, a French-influenced dialect of English spoken by Cajuns, either as a second language, in the case of the older members of the community, or as a first language by younger Cajuns.
The 1992 cookbook, Who's Your Mama, Are You Catholic and Can You Make a Roux by Cajun Chef Marcelle Bienvenue outlines long-standing beliefs that Cajun identity was rooted in community, cuisine, and very specifically, devout Roman Catholicism. Traditional Catholic religious observances such as Mardi Gras, Lent, and Holy Week are integral to many Cajun communities.
Mardi Gras celebrations in rural Acadiana are distinct from the more widely known celebrations in New Orleans and other metropolitan areas. A distinct feature of the Cajun celebration centers on the Courir de Mardi Gras (translated: fat tuesday run). A group of people, usually on horseback and wearing capuchons (a cone-shaped ceremonial hat) and traditional costumes, will approach a farmhouse and ask for something for the community gumbo pot. Often, the farmer or his wife will allow the riders to have a chicken, if they can catch it. The group then puts on a show, comically attempting to catch the chicken set out in a large open area. Songs are sung, jokes are told, and skits are acted out. When the chicken is caught, it is added to the pot at the end of the day. The courir held in the small town of Mamou has become well known. This tradition has much in common with the observance of La Chandeleur, or Candlemas (February 2), by Acadians in Nova Scotia.
Laissez les bons temps rouler is a more than a cliché phrase of the local culture, which means "let the good times roll", as nearly every village, town and city of any size has a yearly festival, celebrating an important part of the local culture and economy. The majority of Cajun festivals include a fais do-do ("go to sleep" in French, originating from encouraging children to fall asleep in the rafters of the dance hall as the parents danced late into the night) or street dance, usually to a live local band. Crowds at these festivals can range from a few hundred to more than 100,000.
Documentary films
Film
Literature
Songs
Category:Acadiana Category:Ethnic groups in the United States Category:French diaspora Category:American folklore Category:Acadian history Category:American people of French descent
ca:Cajuns da:Cajun (etnisk) de:Cajun (Bevölkerungsgruppe) es:Cajún eo:Kaĵunoj fr:Cadiens fy:Kajun ko:케이준 it:Cajun (etnia) nl:Cajun ja:ケイジャン no:Cajun pl:Cajun pt:Cajun ru:Кажуны fi:Cajun sv:CajunerThis text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
name | Justin Wilson |
---|---|
nationality | British | |
birth date | July 31, 1978 |
birth place | Sheffield (England) |
related to | Stefan Wilson (brother) |
current series | IZOD IndyCar Series |
first year | 2008 |
current team | Dreyer & Reinbold Racing |
car number | 22 |
former teams | Dale Coyne RacingNewman/Haas/Lanigan Racing |
starts | 50 |
wins | 2 |
poles | 2 |
fastest laps | 2 |
best finish | 10th |
year | 2009 }} |
last series | Champ Car World Series |
---|---|
years active | 2004–2007 |
teams | Conquest RacingRuSPORTRSPORTS |
starts | 54 |
wins | 4 |
podium finishes | 15 |
poles | 6 |
best finish | 2nd |
year | 2006, 2007 |
awards | Greg Moore Legacy Award |
award years | 2006, 2007 }} |
{{infobox f1 driver| name | | image | nationality | birth_date July 31, 1978 | Years | Team(s) Minardi, Jaguar | Races 16 | Championships 0 | Wins 0 | Podiums 0 | Points 1 | Poles 0 | Fastest laps 0 | First race 2003 Australian Grand Prix | First win | Last win | Last race 2003 Japanese Grand Prix | }} |
---|
Justin Boyd Wilson (born 31 July 1978 in Sheffield) is a British racing driver from England who currently competes in the IndyCar Series for Dreyer & Reinbold Racing. He competed in the Champ Car series from 2004–07, scoring four wins. He competed in Formula One in the 2003 season with Minardi and Jaguar and was the winner of the 2001 International Formula 3000 championship.
Despite his success, his height proved a liability, and prevented him from securing a Formula One drive for . He found a drive in the Telefonica World Series by Nissan, where he continued his winning ways with race victories at Interlagos and Valencia.
Wilson also tested for the Minardi Formula One team, but although regular driver Alex Yoong was replaced for two rounds, Wilson was unable to race the car due to his height.
In 2005, Wilson moved to the RuSPORT team to partner A. J. Allmendinger. He won his first Champ Car race at Toronto. Continuing with his success in Canada, Wilson finished third at Montreal, then rounded off the year with a victory from pole in the final race of the season in Mexico City circuit. Wilson finished the season in third place in the drivers standings behind series champion Sébastien Bourdais and second-placed Oriol Servia.
In 2006, Wilson took part in the Rolex 24 Hours of Daytona event for the first time in his career, racing for the Michael Shank Racing team in a Lexus powered Riley & Scott Daytona Prototype chassis. Teaming up with Champ Car teammate A. J. Allmendinger, Oswaldo Negri and Mark Patterson, the car made it to the chequered flag in second place.
Wilson stayed with RuSPORT for the 2006 season, and finished second in the series. On 19 October 2006, in the Friday qualifying for the Surfers Paradise race, Wilson hit a small barrier of tyres in a chicane. When the front wheels lurched sideways after the impact, the steering wheel spun sharply in Wilson's hands and broke a small bone in his right wrist.
For 2007, Wilson was signed on a multi-year contract with RSPORTS, a merger of his former team and Rocketsports. He finished second in the championship. Preceding the European rounds of the championship (Zolder, Belgium and Assen, Holland), RSPORTS announced their separation back into RuSport and Rocketsports.
At the end of the points scoring races of the season Justin placed 11th in the overall standings and finished second in the Bombardier Rookie of the Year standings. He missed out by just four points from Hideki Mutoh of the long established IndyCar Series Andretti Green Racing team, he was the best placed of the so-called transition drivers without any significant oval racing history. Oriol Servia finished higher but had enough oval racing experience in both the IRL and Champ Car to not be deemed a rookie.
In 2008 Wilson again drove in the Rolex Daytona 24 Hours race for Michael Shank Racing, this time in a Ford powered Riley prototype chassis. He shared the number 60 car with Oswaldo Negri, Mark Patterson and Graham Rahal, they finished the race in sixth position and were the highest placed Ford powered car.
Wilson agreed to drive for Dale Coyne Racing in 2009, after losing his ride at Newman/Haas/Lanigan Racing. Wilson qualified second for the 2009 Honda Grand Prix of St. Petersburg to start the season, which is Coyne's best qualifying result in the team's 23-year history. He finished the race in third position, set the fastest lap of the race and led the most laps. Wilson was leading before a late-race caution came out; eventual race winner Ryan Briscoe passed him on the restart.
On 5 July 2009 Justin Wilson scored his second IndyCar Series win, and Dale Coyne's first victory as an owner in his team's 23-year history. At the 2009 Camping World Grand Prix at The Glen, Wilson again qualified second, only behind Briscoe, who set a new track record twice over the course of qualifying. Because Dario Franchitti crashed early in the final round of qualifying, Wilson was able to save a set of Firestone's alternate-compound tires, which are designed to make the car faster, but also wear out more quickly. Wilson was the fastest driver in final practice. In the race itself, Wilson attempted to pass Briscoe on the second lap, but was unsuccessful; two laps later, he made the pass stick, leading the first of 49 laps he spent in front. With six laps remaining in the 60-lap event, a full-course caution came out, resulting in the same setup as St. Petersburg: Wilson leading late, with Briscoe right behind him. This time, however, Wilson retained the lead, stretching it to 4.9 seconds by the end of the race.
Wilson took part in the 2010 running of the Daytona 24 Hours race. This time he was racing for Chip Ganassi Racing with Felix Sabates in the Telmex/Target sponsored 01 Riley BMW prototype. Wilson shared the car with Max Papis, Scott Pruett and Memo Rojas, the car finished the race on the lead lap in second place. During the race in an interview with Speed TV Wilson confirmed he was still working on a drive in the 2010 IRL season, saying he hoped to have a deal arranged "in the next few weeks".
On 2 February 2010 it was announced that Wilson would be joining Dreyer & Reinbold Racing for the 2010 IndyCar season, he is to drive the #22 Z-Line Designs sponsored car and will be partnered throughout the season by Mike Conway. For the opening race in Brazil they were joined by Ana Beatriz. For the 94th running of the Indianapolis 500 the team was expanded to run four cars for Tomas Scheckter and Ana Beatriz. Wilson begun the season well in the road and street courses, often running near the front. He ran in the lead towards the end of the Indy 500 setting the fastest out lap of all the drivers during the race. After Conway was sidelined for an accident in the closing stages of the Indy 500, Wilson was partnered by Tomas Scheckter, Graham Rahal and Paul Tracy. It was announced that he will be joined by J. R. Hildebrand who will make his Indycar debut at Mid-Ohio. The Toronto event was his breakthrough event of the season, after being in the top two in each of the three practice sessions, he dominated qualifying. He made it through to the top six shootout without using a set of the faster red walled tyres and only using a single set in the top twelve session. In the final top six session for pole he only used a single set of red walled tyres while others took two attempts to beat his early benchmark.
On 11 November 2010 an announcement was made confirming Wilson will remain with Dreyer & Reinbold for a second year.
They welcomed their first child, a daughter named Jane Louise Wilson into the world on Saturday, 12 April 2008 at 11:27 p.m. MT, she was born at the Exempla Good Samaritan Medical Center in Lafayette, Colorado. Second daughter Jessica Lynne Wilson was born on 12 January 2010.
Wilson's younger brother, Stefan, is also a racing driver. In 2009, Stefan joined the Indy Lights Series for its street and road course events, the support series to Indy Cars.
! Year | ! Entrant | ! 1 | ! 2 | ! 3 | ! 4 | ! 5 | ! 6 | ! 7 | ! 8 | ! 9 | ! 10 | ! 11 | ! 12 | ! DC | ! Points |
! Team Astromega | bgcolor="#DFFFDF" | bgcolor="#EFCFFF" | bgcolor="#DFFFDF" | bgcolor="#CFCFFF" | bgcolor="#EFCFFF" | bgcolor="#EFCFFF" | bgcolor="#EFCFFF" | bgcolor="#CFCFFF" | bgcolor="#EFCFFF" | bgcolor="#EFCFFF" | ! 20th | ! 2 | |||
! Nordic Racing | bgcolor="#CFCFFF" | bgcolor="#FFDF9F" | bgcolor="#DFFFDF" | bgcolor="#EFCFFF" | bgcolor="#CFCFFF" | bgcolor="#CFCFFF" | bgcolor="#DFDFDF" | bgcolor="#EFCFFF" | bgcolor="#DFFFDF" | bgcolor="#DFFFDF" | ! 5th | ! 16 | |||
Nordic Racing>Coca-Cola Nordic Racing | bgcolor="#FBFFBF" | bgcolor="#DFFFDF" | bgcolor="#FFDF9F" | bgcolor="#FBFFBF" | bgcolor="#DFDFDF" | bgcolor="#EFCFFF" | bgcolor="#DFDFDF" | bgcolor="#DFDFDF" | bgcolor="#DFDFDF" | bgcolor="#FBFFBF" | bgcolor="#DFDFDF" | bgcolor="#DFDFDF" |
! Year | ! Entrant | ! Class | ! Chassis | ! Engine | ! Tyres | ! 1 | ! 2 | ! 3 | ! 4 | ! 5 | ! 6 | ! 7 | ! 8 | ! 9 | ! 10 | ! Rank | ! Points |
Ascari Cars>Team Ascari | LMP900 | bgcolor="#DFFFDF" | ! 39th | ! 19 | |||||||||||||
! Taurus Racing | LMP1 | Lola B2K/10 | bgcolor="#DFFFDF" | ! 27th | ! 8 |
! Year | ! Entrant | ! Chassis | ! Engine | ! 1 | ! 2 | ! 3 | ! 4 | ! 5 | ! 6 | ! 7 | ! 8 | ! 9 | ! 10 | ! 11 | ! 12 | ! 13 | ! 14 | ! 15 | ! 16 | ! WDC | List of Formula One World Championship points scoring systems>Points |
rowspan="2" | ! European Aviation Air Charter | Minardi PS03>PS03 | Cosworth V10 engine>V10 | bgcolor="#efcfff" | bgcolor="#efcfff" | bgcolor="#efcfff" | bgcolor="#efcfff" | bgcolor="#cfcfff" | bgcolor="#cfcfff" | bgcolor="#efcfff" | bgcolor="#efcfff" | bgcolor="#cfcfff" | bgcolor="#cfcfff" | bgcolor="#cfcfff" | 20th | 1 | |||||
! Jaguar Racing | ! Jaguar Racing | V10 engine>V10 | bgcolor="#efcfff" | bgcolor="#efcfff" | bgcolor="#efcfff" | bgcolor="#dfffdf" | bgcolor="#cfcfff" |
! Year | ! Team | ! 1 | ! 2 | ! 3 | ! 4 | ! 5 | ! 6 | ! 7 | ! 8 | ! 9 | ! 10 | ! 11 | ! 12 | ! 13 | ! 14 | ! Rank | ! Points |
! Conquest Racing | bgcolor="#CFEAFF" | bgcolor="#CFEAFF" | bgcolor="#CFCFFF" | bgcolor="#DFFFDF" | bgcolor="#EFCFFF" | bgcolor="#CFCFFF" | bgcolor="#CFCFFF" | bgcolor="#CFEAFF" | bgcolor="#CFEAFF" | bgcolor="#EFCFFF" | bgcolor="#EFCFFF" | bgcolor="#CFEAFF" | bgcolor="#CFEAFF" | bgcolor="#DFFFDF" | |||
! RuSPORT | bgcolor="#DFFFDF" | bgcolor="#DFFFDF" | bgcolor="#DFFFDF" | bgcolor="#EFCFFF" | bgcolor="#CFEAFF" | bgcolor="#FFFFBF" | bgcolor="#DFFFDF" | bgcolor="#DFFFDF" | bgcolor="#EFCFFF" | bgcolor="#FFDF9F" | bgcolor="#CFCFFF" | bgcolor="#CFEAFF" | bgcolor="#FFFFBF" | ! | |||
! RuSPORT | bgcolor="#DFDFDF" | bgcolor="#DFFFDF" | bgcolor="#DFDFDF" | bgcolor="#DFDFDF" | bgcolor="#DFDFDF" | bgcolor="#EFCFFF" | bgcolor="#DFFFDF" | bgcolor="#FFFFBF" | bgcolor="#FFDF9F" | bgcolor="#CFEAFF" | bgcolor="#EFCFFF" | bgcolor="#DFFFDF" | bgcolor="#FFFFFF" | bgcolor="#DFDFDF" | |||
! RSPORTS | bgcolor="#EFCFFF" | bgcolor="#DFFFDF" | bgcolor="#CFEAFF" | bgcolor="#DFDFDF" | bgcolor="#DFFFDF" | bgcolor="#DFFFDF" | bgcolor="#FFDF9F" | bgcolor="#DFDFDF" | bgcolor="#CFCFFF" | bgcolor="#CFEAFF" | bgcolor="#DFFFDF" | bgcolor="#FFFFBF" | bgcolor="#DFDFDF" | bgcolor="#CFEAFF" |
Year | ! Team | ! 1 | ! 2 | ! 3 | ! 4 | ! 5 | ! 6 | ! 7 | ! 8 | ! 9 | ! 10 | ! 11 | ! 12 | ! 13 | ! 14 | ! 15 | ! 16 | ! 17 | ! 18 | ! 19 | ! Rank | ! Points | |
2008 IndyCar Series season | 2008 | Newman/Haas/Lanigan Racing>N/H/L Racing | bgcolor="#CFCFFF" | bgcolor="#CFEAFF" | bgcolor="#EFCFFF" | bgcolor="#CFEAFF" | bgcolor="#EFCFFF" | bgcolor="#CFEAFF" | bgcolor="#EFCFFF" | bgcolor="#CFCFFF" | bgcolor="#CFEAFF" | bgcolor="#EFCFFF" | bgcolor="#CFCFFF" | bgcolor="#CFCFFF" | bgcolor="#FFDF9F" | bgcolor="#EFCFFF" | bgcolor="#CFEAFF" | bgcolor="#FFFFBF" | bgcolor="#CFCFFF" | bgcolor="#CFCFFF" | |||
! Dale Coyne Racing | bgcolor="#FFDF9F" | bgcolor="#EFCFFF" | bgcolor="#CFCFFF" | bgcolor="#EFCFFF" | bgcolor="#CFCFFF" | bgcolor="#CFCFFF" | bgcolor="#EFCFFF" | bgcolor="#CFCFFF" | bgcolor="#FFFFBF" | bgcolor="#DFFFDF" | bgcolor="#CFEAFF" | bgcolor="#EFCFFF" | bgcolor="#CFCFFF" | bgcolor="#CFEAFF" | bgcolor="#CFEAFF" | bgcolor="#CFCFFF" | bgcolor="#CFEAFF" | ||||||
! Dreyer & Reinbold Racing | bgcolor="#CFCFFF" | bgcolor="#DFDFDF" | bgcolor="#CFEAFF" | bgcolor="#DFDFDF" | bgcolor="#CFCFFF" | bgcolor="#CFEAFF" | bgcolor="#CFCFFF" | bgcolor="#EFCFFF" | bgcolor="#CFEAFF" | bgcolor="#CFEAFF" | bgcolor="#CFCFFF" | bgcolor="#EFCFFF" | bgcolor="#CFEAFF" | bgcolor="#CFEAFF" | bgcolor="#CFCFFF" | bgcolor="#CFCFFF" | bgcolor="#CFCFFF" | ||||||
! Dreyer & Reinbold Racing | bgcolor="#CFEAFF" | bgcolor="#efcfff" | bgcolor="#CFCFFF" | bgcolor="#CFEAFF" | bgcolor="#CFCFFF" | bgcolor="#CFCFFF" | bgcolor="#CFCFFF" | bgcolor="#CFEAFF" | bgcolor="#CFCFFF" | bgcolor="#CFCFFF" | bgcolor="#DFFFDF" | bgcolor="#FFFFFF" |
! Years | ! Teams | ! Races | ! Poles | ! Wins | ! Podiums(Non-win) | ! Top 10s(Non-podium) | ! Indianapolis 500Wins | ! Championships |
4 | 3 | 62 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 20 | 0 | 0 |
! Year | ! Chassis | ! Engine | ! Start | ! Finish | ! Team | ! Note |
Dallara | Honda | Newman/Haas/Lanigan Racing | T1 Accident | |||
Dallara | Honda | Dale Coyne Racing | T1 Accident | |||
Dallara | Honda | Dreyer & Reinbold Racing | ||||
Dallara | Honda | Dreyer & Reinbold Racing |
Category:English racecar drivers Category:English Formula One drivers Category:1978 births Category:Living people Category:People from Sheffield Category:People from Rotherham Category:Champ Car drivers Category:Indy Racing League drivers Category:Indianapolis 500 drivers Category:Minardi Formula One drivers Category:International Formula 3000 Champions Category:BRDC Gold Star winners Category:Old Birkdalians Category:McLaren Autosport BRDC Award nominees Category:International Formula 3000 drivers Category:Formula Palmer Audi drivers Category:24 Hours of Le Mans drivers Category:24 Hours of Daytona drivers Category:American Le Mans Series drivers Category:British expatriates in the United States
bs:Justin Wilson ca:Justin Wilson cs:Justin Wilson de:Justin Wilson es:Justin Wilson fr:Justin Wilson id:Justin Wilson it:Justin Wilson lv:Džastins Vilsons hu:Justin Wilson nl:Justin Wilson ja:ジャスティン・ウィルソン pl:Justin Wilson pt:Justin Wilson ro:Justin Wilson ru:Уилсон, Джастин sl:Justin Wilson fi:Justin Wilson sv:Justin WilsonThis text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
name | JJ Cale |
---|---|
landscape | yes |
background | solo_singer |
birth name | John Weldon Cale |
birth date | December 05, 1938 |
birth place | Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, U.S. |
instrument | Guitar, vocals, piano, keyboards, bass, drums |
genre | Americana, Cajun, blues, swamp rock, Red Dirt, Tulsa Sound |
occupation | Musician, songwriter |
years active | 1958–present |
label | Shelter, Mercury, Polygram, Virgin, Rounder, Silvertone |
associated acts | Leathercoated Minds, Eric Clapton, Delaney & Bonnie, Leon Russell |
website | }} |
JJ Cale (also J.J. Cale), born John Weldon Cale on December 5, 1938, in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, is a Grammy Award-winning American singer-songwriter and musician. Cale is one of the originators of the Tulsa Sound, a loose genre drawing on blues, rockabilly, country, and jazz influences. Cale's personal style has often been described as "laid back".
His only U.S. hit single, Crazy Mama, peaked at #22 on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 chart in 1972. During the 2006 documentary film To Tulsa and Back Cale recounts the story of being offered the opportunity to appear on Dick Clark's American Bandstand to promote the song, which would have moved the song higher on the charts. Cale declined when told he could not bring his band to the taping and would be required to lip-sync the words to the song.
His songs have been performed by a number of other musicians including "After Midnight" and "Cocaine" by Eric Clapton, "Magnolia" by Jai, "Bringing It Back" by Kansas, "Call Me the Breeze" and "I Got the Same Old Blues" by Lynyrd Skynyrd, "Travelin' Light" and "Ride Me High" by Widespread Panic.
Category:1938 births Category:American blues guitarists Category:American blues singers Category:American male singers Category:American rock guitarists Category:American singer-songwriters Category:Living people Category:Musicians from Oklahoma Category:People from Tulsa, Oklahoma Category:Mercury Records artists Category:Liberty Records artists Category:American session musicians Category:Swamp rock Category:Reprise Records artists
bar:J.J. Cale bg:Джей Джей Кейл ca:J.J. Cale cs:JJ Cale de:J. J. Cale es:J.J. Cale fa:جیجی کیل fr:J.J. Cale fy:J.J. Cale gl:J.J. Cale it:J.J. Cale he:ג'יי ג'יי קייל nl:J.J. Cale no:J.J. Cale pl:J.J. Cale pt:J.J. Cale ru:Кейл, Джей Джей fi:J. J. Cale sv:J.J. Cale uk:Джей Джей КейлThis text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
name | Cajun Dance Party |
---|---|
background | group_or_band |
genre | Indie |
years active | 2005–2010 |
label | WayOutWest, XL Recordings |
website | |
current members | Robbie Stern Vicky Freund Will Vignoles |
past members | Daniel Blumberg Max Bloom Alex Meakin |
associated acts | Yuck }} |
Cajun Dance Party were a five-piece band based in London, England. They originally consisted of Robbie Stern, Max Bloom, Daniel Blumberg, Will Vignoles, and Vicky Freund. The band has split after Blumberg and Bloom left the band in 2009 to form the band Yuck, while other members of the band went to university. Freund now performs with the band The Mourning Laughter.
The band played their first few shows at the West London all ages club night 'Way Out West', performing in the bar beneath Brentford FC football stadium. Way Out West was well known for putting on many up and coming bands such as Jamie T, Late of the Pier, Video Nasties, and Laura Marling. The organizer of the event, Keith Anderson, began to manage the band shortly after. Their first single, 'The Next Untouchable', was released on Anderson's record label as a limited edition 7" single, with 500 copies being put into production.
Cajun Dance Party's debut album was entitled The Colourful Life, and was released in April 2008. The band recorded the album sessions with Bernard Butler at the recording studio, West Heath Yard, owned by Edwyn Collins. 'West Heath Yard' was also a music industry spoof which aired for a short while on channel 4 in 1999, The album consisted of nine tracks, with singles from the album including "Colourful Life", "The Race", and "Amylase". The album was given 4/5 in the Guardian.
The band have made many festival appearances in the UK and abroad, performing at such festivals as Reading and Leeds, Glastonbury Festival, Oxegen, T in the Park, Underage Festival, Camden Crawl, Summersonic Festival in Japan and Les Inrocks tour in France.
Category:British indie rock groups Category:Musical groups established in 2005 Category:XL Recordings artists
de:Cajun Dance Party es:Cajun Dance Party fr:Cajun Dance Party ja:ケイジャン・ダンス・パーティ sv:Cajun Dance Party zh:卡金熱舞派對This text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
name | Jimmy Dean |
---|---|
background | solo_singer |
birth name | Jimmy Ray Dean |
born | August 10, 1928Plainview, Texas, United States |
died | June 13, 2010Varina, Virginia, United States |
instrument | Vocals, guitar |
genre | Country |
occupation | Singer, actor, businessman |
years active | 1953–2010 |
label | Columbia RecordsRCA Records |
associated acts | Roy Clark, Patsy Cline, Charlie Rich |
website | Dean's Website }} |
Jimmy Ray Dean (August 10, 1928 – June 13, 2010) was an American country music singer, television host, actor and businessman. Although he may be best known today as the creator of the Jimmy Dean sausage brand, he became a national television personality starting in 1957, rising to fame for his 1961 country crossover hit "Big Bad John". His acting career included a supporting role as Willard Whyte in the 1971 James Bond movie, Diamonds Are Forever. He lived near Richmond, Virginia and was nominated for the Country Music Hall of Fame in 2010, although he was formally inducted posthumously.
In 1954, Dean hosted the popular Washington D.C. radio program Town and Country Time on WARL-AM, and with his Texas Wildcats became popular in the Mid-Atlantic region. Patsy Cline and Roy Clark got their starts on the show. Although Cline and Dean became good friends; Clark, Dean's lead guitarist, was eventually fired by the singer for what was explained as his chronic tardiness. Dean replaced Clark with Billy Grammer. In 1955, Town and Country Time moved to WMAL-TV on weekday afternoons. Dean and the Texas Wildcats also appeared during 1957 on Town and Country Jamboree on WMAL-TV on Saturdays from 10:30 p.m.–1:30 a.m. ET, which was also carried by TV stations in Maryland and Virginia on a regional network.
Also during 1957, Dean hosted Country Style on WTOP-TV on weekday mornings. CBS picked up the show nationally from Washington for eight months in 1957 under the name, The Morning Show. Then from September 14, 1958–June 1959, CBS carried The Jimmy Dean Show on weekday and Saturday afternoons.
Dean became best known for his 1961 recitation song about a heroic miner, "Big Bad John". Recorded in Nashville, the record went to number one on the Billboard pop chart and inspired many imitations and parodies. It sold over one million copies, and was awarded a gold disc. The track peaked at No. 2 in the UK Singles Chart. The song won Dean the 1962 Grammy Award for Best Country & Western Recording. He had several more Top 40 songs including a Top 10 in 1962 with "PT-109", a song in honor of John F. Kennedy's bravery in World War II.
In the early 1960s, he hosted the Tonight Show on occasion and one night introduced Roy Clark, with whom he had remained friendly. In the mid-60s, Dean helped bring country music into the mainstream with his 1963–66 ABC-TV variety series, The Jimmy Dean Show. It presented country music entertainers including Roger Miller, George Jones, Charlie Rich, Buck Owens and some, like Joe Maphis, who seldom received network exposure. The program also featured comedy and a variety of popular music artists, and Dean's sketches with one of Jim Henson's Muppets, Rowlf the Dog.
Dean appeared on several TV talk shows and game shows in the 1960s and performed on variety programs including The Ed Sullivan Show, The Pat Boone Chevy Showroom, and The Hollywood Palace.
Dean turned to acting after his TV show ended in 1966. His best-known role was as reclusive Las Vegas billionaire Willard Whyte in the 1971 James Bond movie, Diamonds Are Forever. He also appeared in fourteen episodes of Daniel Boone (1967–70) in three different roles (one episode as "Delo Jones", two as "Jeremiah" and eleven as "Josh Clements") and as Charlie Rowlands in two Fantasy Island episodes (1981–82), as well as on other TV shows including a semi-regular role as Charlie Bullets on J.J. Starbuck starring Dale Robertson (1987–88).
Dean's singing career remained strong into the mid-1960s; in 1965, he achieved a second number one country hit with the ballad "The First Thing Ev'ry Morning (And the Last Thing Ev'ry Night)", and he had a Top 40 hit that year with "Harvest Of Sunshine". In 1966, Dean signed with RCA Records and immediately had a Top 10 hit with "Stand Beside Me". His other major hits during this time included "Sweet Misery" (1967) and "A Thing Called Love" (1968). He continued charting into the early 1970s with his major hits including a duet with Dottie West, "Slowly" (1971); and a solo hit with "The One You Say Good Morning To" (1972).
In 1976, Dean achieved a million-seller with a recitation song as a tribute to his mother and mothers everywhere called "I.O.U." The song was released a few weeks before Mother's Day and quickly became a Top 10 country hit, his first one in a decade, and a Top 40 pop hit, his first in 14 years. The song was re-released in 1977, 1983 and 1984, but with minor success each time.
Its success led to its acquisition in 1984 by Consolidated Foods, later renamed the Sara Lee Corporation. Dean remained involved in running the company, but the new corporate parent eventually began phasing him out of any management duties, a period that took a toll on his health. In January 2004, Dean said that Sara Lee had dropped him as the spokesman for the sausage brand, saying that he was too old.
In the fall of 2004, he released his blunt, straight-talking autobiography 30 Years of Sausage, 50 Years of Ham. Dean lived in semi-retirement with second wife, Donna Meade Dean, a singer, songwriter, and recording artist he married in 1991, who helped him write his book. The couple lived on their property at Chaffin's Bluff overlooking the James River in Henrico County, on the outskirts of Richmond, Virginia. On April 20, 2009, the main house was largely gutted by a fire, although the Deans escaped injury. The Deans rebuilt their home on the same foundation and returned early in 2010.
Dean, who dropped out of high school in 1946 to work to help his mother, announced on May 20, 2008, a donation of $1 million to Wayland Baptist University in Plainview, the largest gift ever from one individual to the institution. Dean said: "I've been so blessed, and it makes me proud to give back, especially to my hometown."
On February 23, 2010, Dean was inducted into the Country Music Hall of Fame. He was to have been inducted in October.
Dean had three children, Garry, Connie, and Robert, with his first wife Mary Sue (née Wittauer) Dean; and two granddaughters, Caroline Taylor (Connie's daughter) and Brianna Dean (Robert's daughter).
Dean died at the age of 81, on June 13, 2010, of natural causes at his home in Varina, Virginia. He is also survived by his second wife Donna and his nephew, country music singer Billy Dean.
He was entombed in a piano-shaped mausoleum overlooking the James River on the grounds of his estate. His epitaph reads "Here Lies One Hell of a Man".
Category:1928 births Category:2010 deaths Category:American country singers Category:American film actors Category:American television personalities Category:American food industry businesspeople Category:People from Hale County, Texas Category:People from Plainview, Texas Category:People from Henrico County, Virginia Category:Grammy Award winners Category:Four Star Records artists Category:Starday Records artists Category:Mercury Records artists Category:Musicians from Texas Category:Apex Records artists Category:RCA Victor artists Category:Columbia Records artists Category:Baptists from the United States Category:Country Music Hall of Fame inductees
de:Jimmy Dean fr:Jimmy Dean ja:ジミー・ディーン pt:Jimmy Dean sv:Jimmy DeanThis text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
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