A pianist ( ) is a musician who plays the piano. A professional pianist can perform solo pieces, play with an ensemble or orchestra, or accompany one or more singers, solo instrumentalists, or other performers.

Choice of genres

Most forms of Western music can make use of the piano. Consequently, pianists have a wide variety of repertoire and styles to choose from, including jazz, classical music, and all sorts of popular music.

A performing classical pianist usually starts playing piano at a very young age.

A single listing of pianists in all genres would be impractical, given the multitude of musicians noted for their performances on the instrument. Below are links to lists of well-known or influential pianists divided by genres:

Classical composers

Many well-known classical composers were also virtuoso pianists. The following is an incomplete list of such musicians.

Isaac Albéniz

Charles-Valentin Alkan

Béla Bartók

Ludwig van Beethoven

Johannes Brahms

Ferruccio Busoni

Frédéric Chopin

Claude Debussy

Franz Liszt

Felix Mendelssohn

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart

Sergei Prokofiev

Leonard Bernstein

Sergei Rachmaninoff

Anton Rubinstein

Robert Schumann

Alexander Scriabin

Dmitri Shostakovich

Carl Maria von Weber

See also

Classical pianists

List of classical pianists (recorded)

List of classical pianists

List of classical piano duos (performers)

Pop and rock music pianists

List of pop and rock pianists

Jazz pianists

List of jazz pianists

Blues pianists

List of blues musicians

List of boogie woogie musicians

Gospel pianists

List of gospel musicians

New Age pianists

List of New Age music artists

Category:Articles containing video clips Category:Keyboardists Category:Occupations in music

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birth date	August 18, 1933
birth place	Paris, France
birth name	Rajmund Roman Thierry Polański
spouse	Barbara Lass(1959–1962, divorced)Sharon Tate (1968–1969; her death)Emmanuelle Seigner(1989–present)
years active	1953–present
occupation	Actor, director, producer, screenwriter
citizenship	Franco-Polish
residence	France
alma mater	National Film School in Łódź
children	Daughter and son }}

Roman Polanski (born 1933) is a French-Polish film director, producer, writer and actor. Having made films in Poland, Britain, America and France he is considered one of the few "truly international filmmakers."

Born in Paris to Polish parents, he moved with his family back to Poland in 1937, shortly before the outbreak of World War II. He survived the Holocaust and was educated in Poland and became a director of both art house and commercial films. Polanski's first feature-length film, ''Knife in the Water'' (1962), made in Poland, was nominated for a United States Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film but was beaten by Federico Fellini's ''8½''. He has since received five more Oscar nominations, along with two Baftas, four Césars, a Golden Globe Award and the Palme d'Or of the Cannes Film Festival in France. In the United Kingdom he directed three films, beginning with ''Repulsion'' (1965). In 1968 he moved to the United States, and cemented his status by directing the Oscar-winning horror film ''Rosemary's Baby'' (1968).

In 1969, Polanski's pregnant wife, Sharon Tate, was murdered while staying at Polanski's Benedict Canyon home above Los Angeles by members of the Manson Family. Following Tate's death, Polanski returned to Europe and spent much of his time in Paris and Gstaad, but did not direct another film until ''Macbeth'' (1971) in England. The following year he went to Italy to make ''What?'' (1973) and subsequently spent the next five years living near Rome. However, he traveled to Hollywood to direct ''Chinatown'' (1974). The film was nominated for eleven Academy Awards, and was a critical and box-office success. Polanski's next film, ''The Tenant'' (1976), was shot in France, and completed the "Apartment Trilogy", following ''Repulsion'' and ''Rosemary's Baby''.

In 1977, after a photo shoot in Los Angeles, Polanski was arrested for the sexual abuse of a 13-year-old girl and pleaded guilty to the charge of unlawful sex with a minor. To avoid sentencing, Polanski fled to his home in London, and then moved on to France the following day. In September 2009, Polanski was arrested by Swiss police at the request of U.S. authorities who asked for his extradition. In July 2010, the Swiss rejected that request and instead released him from custody and declared him a "free man." Lech Wałęsa, Nobel Peace Prize laureate and former President of Poland, argued that the director "should be forgiven this one sin."

Polanski continued to make films such as ''The Pianist'' (2002), a World War II true story drama about a Jewish-Polish musician. The film won three Academy Awards including Best Director, along with numerous international awards. He also directed other films, including ''Oliver Twist'' (2005), a story which parallels his own life as a "young boy attempting to triumph over adversity. His most recent film is ''The Ghost Writer'' (2010) (AKA ''The Ghost'' in the UK), adapted from the novel by Robert Harris, a thriller focusing on a ghostwriter working with a former British Prime Minister (loosely based on Tony Blair). It won six European Film Awards in 2010, including best movie, director, actor and screenplay.

Early life

Polanski was born as Rajmund Roman Thierry Polański in Paris, France, the son of Bula (née Katz-Przedborska) and Ryszard Polański (né Liebling), a painter and plastics manufacturer. His mother had a daughter, Annette, by her previous husband. Annette managed to survive Auschwitz, where her mother died, and left Poland forever for France. Roman's father was Jewish and his Russian-born mother, Bula, had been raised Roman Catholic. Ryszard Liebling had changed his surname to Polański in early 1932.

World War II

The Polański family moved back to the Polish city of Kraków in 1936, and were living there when World War II began with the invasion of Poland. Neither of Polanski's parents were religious. Kraków was soon occupied by the German forces, and Nazi racial and religious purity laws made the Polańskis targets of persecution, forcing them into the Kraków Ghetto, along with thousands of the city's Jews. As a child, Polanski witnessed both the ghettoization of Kraków's Jews into a compact area of the city, and the subsequent deportation of all the ghetto's Jews to concentration camps, including watching as his father was taken away. He remembers from age 6, one of his first experiences of the terrors to follow:

I had just been visiting my grandmother . . . when I received a foretaste of things to come. At first I didn't know what was happening. I simply saw people scattering in all directions. Then I realized why the street had emptied so quickly. Some women were being herded along it by German soldiers. Instead of running away like the rest, I felt compelled to watch. One older woman at the rear of the column couldn't keep up. A German officer kept prodding her back into line, but she fell down on all fours, . . . Suddenly a pistol appeared in the officer's hand. There was a loud bang, and blood came welling out of her back. I ran straight into the nearest building, squeezed into a smelly recess beneath some wooden stairs, and didn't come out for hours. I developed a strange habit: clenching my fists so hard that my palms became permanently calloused. I also woke up one morning to find that I had wet my bed.

His father survived the Mauthausen-Gusen concentration camp in Austria, but his mother perished at Auschwitz. Polański escaped the Kraków Ghetto in 1943 and survived the war using the name Romek Wilk with the help of some Polish Roman Catholic families with whom he came into contact. As a child of Jewish ancestry, in hiding without parents, he lived with numerous different Catholic families, attended church, learned to recite most Catholic prayers by heart, and behaved outwardly as a Roman Catholic, although he was never baptized. However, his efforts to assimilate into Catholic households as a member of the family often failed. In one instance, the parish priest visited the family and began to interrogate him, as Polanski recalls:

"Who exactly are you?" he asked. "Where were you baptized?" . . . "What was the name of your parish priest?" . . . He pursued his inquisition to the bitter end. "You're a little liar," he said finally. "You've never been baptized at all." He took me by the ear and led me over to the mirror. "Look at yourself. Look at those eyes, that mouth, those ears. You aren't one of us."

As he roamed the countryside trying to survive in a Poland now occupied by German troops, he witnessed many horrors, such as being "forced to take part in a cruel and sadistic game in which German soldiers took shots at him for target practice." Author Ian Freer concludes that his constant childhood fears and dread of violence have contributed to the "tangible atmospheres he conjures up on film."

By the time the war ended in 1945, a fifth of the Polish population had been killed, with the vast majority of the victims being civilians. Of those deaths, 3 million were of Polish Jews, 90% of the country's Jewish population.

After the war

After the war he was reunited with his father, and moved back to Kraków. His father remarried (to a woman Polanski never liked) and died of cancer in 1984. Polanski recalls the villages and families he lived with as relatively primitive by European standards:

They were really simple Catholic peasants. This Polish village was like the English village in ''Tess.'' Very primitive. No electricity. The kids with whom I lived didn't know about electricity. . . they wouldn't believe me when I told them it was enough to turn on a switch!

In hindsight, he states that "you must live in a Communist country to really understand how bad it can be. Then you will appreciate capitalism." He does, however, remember events at the war's end and his reintroduction to mainstream society when he was 12, forming friendships with other children, such as Richard Horowitz and his family:

Richard was one of the very few children to have survived deportation from the Kraków ghetto and the only one to have survived the transit camp that followed. His father had hidden him in a latrine cesspool, neck-deep, while the other children were being rounded up for liquidation. . . Regina Horowitz was a typical Jewish mother, warm, resilient, and vital—a tower of strength. She always lit candles on Friday nights, and for the first time in my life I found myself in a household where Jewish rites were observed.

Introduction to movies

Occasionally, he was able to watch films, either at school or at a local cinema, using whatever pocket money he had. Polanski writes, "Most of this went on the movies, but movie seats were dirt cheap, so a little went a long way. I lapped up every kind of film." As time went on, movies became more than an escape into entertainment, as he explains:

Movies were becoming an absolute obsession with me. I was enthralled by everything connected with the cinema—

not just the movies themselves but the aura that surrounded them. I loved the luminous rectangle of the screen, the sight of the beam slicing through the darkness from the projection booth, the miraculous synchronization of sound and vision, even the dusty smell of the tip-up seats. More than anything else, though I was fascinated by the actual mechanics of the process.

Early career

Polanski attended the National Film School in Łódź, the third-largest city in Poland. In the 1950s Polanski took up acting, appearing in Andrzej Wajda's ''Pokolenie'' (''A Generation'', 1954) and in the same year in Silik Sternfeld's ''Zaczarowany rower'' (''Enchanted Bicycle'' or ''Magical Bicycle''). Polanski's directorial debut was also in 1955 with a short film ''Rower'' (''Bicycle''). ''Rower'' is a semi-autobiographical feature film, believed to be lost, which also starred Polanski. It refers to his real-life violent altercation with a notorious Kraków felon, Janusz Dziuba, who arranged to sell Polanski a bicycle, but instead beat him badly and stole his money. In real life the offender was arrested while fleeing after fracturing Polanski's skull, and executed for three murders, out of eight prior such assaults, which he had committed. Several other short films made during his study at Łódź gained him considerable recognition, particularly ''Two Men and a Wardrobe'' (1958) and ''When Angels Fall'' (1959). He graduated in 1959.

Film director

1960s

;''Knife in the Water'' (1962) Polanski's first feature-length film, ''Knife in the Water'', was also the first significant Polish film after World War II that did not have a war theme. Scripted by Jerzy Skolimowski, Jakub Goldberg and Polanski, ''Knife in the Water'' is about a wealthy, unhappily married couple who decide to take a mysterious hitchhiker with them on a weekend boating excursion. A dark and unsettling work, Polanski's debut feature subtly evinces a profound pessimism about human relationships with regard to the psychological dynamics and moral consequences of status envy and sexual jealousy. ''Knife in the Water'' was a major commercial success in the West and gave Polanski an international reputation. The film also earned its director his first Academy Award nomination (Best Foreign Language Film, 1963).

Polanski left then-communist Poland and moved to France, where he had already made two notable short films in 1961: ''The Fat and the Lean'' and ''Mammals''. While in France, Polanski contributed one segment ("La rivière de diamants") to the French-produced omnibus film, ''Les plus belles escroqueries du monde'' (English title: ''The Beautiful Swindlers'') in 1964. However, Polanski found that in the early 1960s the French film industry was generally unwilling to support a rising filmmaker whom they viewed as a cultural Pole and not a Frenchman.

;''Repulsion'' (1965) Polanski made three feature films in England, based on original scripts written by himself and Gérard Brach, a frequent collaborator. ''Repulsion'' (1965) is a psychological horror film focusing on a young Belgian woman named Carol (Catherine Deneuve), who is living in London with her older sister (Yvonne Furneaux). The film's themes, situations, visual motifs, and effects clearly reflect the influence of early surrealist cinema as well as horror movies of the 1950s – particularly Luis Buñuel's ''Un chien Andalou'', Jean Cocteau's ''The Blood of a Poet'', Henri-Georges Clouzot's ''Diabolique'' and Alfred Hitchcock's ''Psycho''.

;''Cul-de-sac'' (1966) ''Cul-de-sac'' (1966) is a bleak nihilist tragicomedy filmed on location in Northumberland. The general tone and the basic premise of the film owes a great deal to Samuel Beckett's ''Waiting for Godot'', along with aspects of Harold Pinter's ''The Birthday Party''.

;''The Fearless Vampire Killers/Dance of the Vampires'' (1967) ''The Fearless Vampire Killers'' (1967) (known by its original title, "Dance of the Vampires" in most countries outside the US) is a parody of vampire films. The plot concerns a buffoonish professor and his clumsy assistant, Alfred (played by Polanski), who are traveling through Transylvania in search of vampires. The ironic and macabre ending is considered classic Polanski. ''The Fearless Vampire Killers'' was Polanski's first feature to be photographed in color with the use of Panavision lenses, and included a striking visual style with snow-covered, fairy-tale landscapes, similar to the work of Soviet fantasy filmmakers. In addition, the richly textured color schemes of the settings evoke the magical, kaleidoscopic paintings of the great Russian-Jewish artist Marc Chagall, who provides the namesake for the innkeeper in the film.

Polanski met Sharon Tate while the film was being made, where she played the role of the local innkeeper's daughter. They were married in London on 1968.

;''Rosemary's Baby'' (1968) Paramount studio head Robert Evans brought Polanski to America to direct the film ''Downhill Racer'', but Polanski read the novel ''Rosemary's Baby'' non-stop through the night and the following morning decided he wanted to write as well as direct it. The film, ''Rosemary's Baby'' (1968), was a box-office success and became his first Hollywood production, thereby establishing his reputation as a major commercial filmmaker. The film, a horror-thriller set in trendy Manhattan, is about Rosemary Woodhouse (Mia Farrow), a young housewife who is impregnated by the devil. Polanski's screenplay adaptation earned him a second Academy Award nomination.

On 9 August 1969, while Polanski was working in London, his wife, Sharon Tate, and four other people were murdered at the Polanskis' residence in Los Angeles.

1970s

;''Macbeth'' (1971) Polanski abandoned his project and did not resume working until the production of Shakespeare's ''The Tragedy of Macbeth''. Jon Finch and Francesca Annis played the lead roles. He adapted Shakespeare's original text into a screenplay with the British theater critic Kenneth Tynan. In his autobiography Polanski wrote that he wanted to be true to the violent nature of the work, and that he had been aware that his first project following Tate's murder, would be subject to scrutiny and probable cricitism regardless of the subject matter; if he had made a comedy he would have been perceived as callous.

;''What?'' (1973) Written by Polanski and previous collaborator Gérard Brach, ''What?'' (1973) is a mordant absurdist comedy loosely based on the themes of ''Alice in Wonderland'' and Henry James. The film is a rambling shaggy dog story about the sexual indignities that befall a winsome young American hippie woman hitchhiking through Europe.

;''Chinatown (1974) Polanski returned to Hollywood in 1973 to direct ''Chinatown'' for Paramount Pictures. The film was nominated for 11 Academy Awards. The stars, Jack Nicholson and Faye Dunaway, both received Oscar nominations for their roles, and the script by Robert Towne won for Best Original Screenplay. Polanski appears in a cameo role.

;''The Tenant'' (1976) Polanski returned to Paris for his next film, ''The Tenant'' (1976), which was based on a 1964 novel by Roland Topor, a French writer of Polish-Jewish origin. In addition to directing the film, Polanski also played a leading role of a timid Polish immigrant living in Paris. together with his two earlier works, ''The Tenant'' can be seen as the third installment in a loose trilogy of films called the "Apartment Trilogy" that explore the themes of social alienation and psychic and emotional breakdown. In his autobiography, Polanski wrote: "I had a great admiration for American institutions and regarded the United States as the only truly democratic country in the world."

;''Tess'' (1979) He dedicated his next film, ''Tess'' (1979), to the memory of his late wife, Sharon Tate. It was Tate who suggested to Polanski that he read it, as she felt it might make a good film. ''Tess'' was Polanski's first film since his 1977 arrest in Los Angeles, and because of the American-British extradition treaty, ''Tess'' was shot in the north of France instead of Hardy's England. Nastassja Kinski appeared in the title role opposite Peter Firth and Leigh Lawson.

The film became the most expensive made in France up to that time. Ultimately, ''Tess'' proved a financial success and was well-received by both critics and the public. For ''Tess'', Polanski won France's César Awards for Best Picture and Best Director and received his fourth Academy Award nomination (and his second nomination for Best Director). The film received three Oscars: best cinematography, best art direction and best costume design. In addition, ''Tess'' was nominated for best picture.

1980s

;''Pirates'' (1986) Nearly seven years passed before Polanski's next film, ''Pirates'', a lavish period piece starring Walter Matthau, which the director intended as an homage to the beloved Errol Flynn swashbucklers of his childhood. The film was shot on location in Tunisia, using a full sized pirate vessel constructed for the production. It was a financial and critical failure.

;''Frantic'' (1988) ''Frantic'' (1988) was Hitchcockian suspense-thriller starring Harrison Ford and the actress/model Emmanuelle Seigner, who would go on to become Polanski's wife . The film follows an ordinary tourist in Paris whose wife is kidnapped. He attempts, hopelessly, to go through the Byzantine bureaucratic channels to deal with her disappearance, but finally takes matters into his own hands.

1990s

Polanski followed this with the dark psycho-sexual film ''Bitter Moon'' (1992), followed by a film of the acclaimed play ''Death and the Maiden'' (1994) starring Sigourney Weaver, and then ''The Ninth Gate'' (1999), a thriller based on the novel The Club Dumas and starring Johnny Depp.

In 1997, Polanski directed a stage version of his 1967 film ''The Fearless Vampire Killers'', which debuted in Vienna followed by successful runs in Stuttgart, Hamburg, Berlin, and Budapest. On 1998, Polanski was elected a member of the Académie des Beaux-Arts.

Post 2000

;''The Pianist'' (2002) In 2001, Polanski filmed ''The Pianist'', an adaptation of the World War II autobiography of the same name by Polish-Jewish musician Władysław Szpilman. Szpilman's experiences as a persecuted Jew in Poland during World War II were reminiscent of Polanski and his family. While Szpilman and Polanski escaped the concentration camps, their families did not, eventually perishing.

When Warsaw, Poland was chosen for the 2002 premiere of ''The Pianist'', "the country exploded with pride." According to reports, numerous former communists came to the screening and "agreed that it was a fantastic film."

In May 2002, the film won the ''Palme d'Or'' (Golden Palm) award at the Cannes Film Festival, as well as Césars for Best Film and Best Director, and later the 2002 Academy Award for Directing. Because he would have been arrested once in the United States, Polanski did not attend the Academy Awards ceremony in Hollywood. After the announcement of the Best Director Award, Polanski received a standing ovation from most of those present in the theater. Actor Harrison Ford accepted the award for Polanski, and then presented the Oscar to him at the Deauville Film Festival five months later in a public ceremony. Polanski later received the Crystal Globe award for outstanding artistic contribution to world cinema at the Karlovy Vary International Film Festival in 2004.

;''Oliver Twist'' (2005) ''Oliver Twist'' is an adaptation of Dickens's classic, written by ''The Pianist'''s Ronald Harwood and shot in Prague. Polanski said in interviews that he made the film as something he could show his children, and that the life of the young scavenger mirrored his own life, fending for himself in WWII Poland.

;''The Ghost Writer'' (2010) ''The Ghost Writer'', a thriller focusing on a ghostwriter working on the memoirs of a character based loosely on former British prime minister Tony Blair, swept the European Film Awards in 2010, winning six awards, including best movie, director, actor and screenplay. When it premiered at the 60th Berlinale in February 2010, Polanski won a Silver Bear for Best Director, and in February 2011, it won four César Awards, France’s version of the Academy Awards.

The cast includes Ewan McGregor as the writer and Pierce Brosnan as former British Prime Minister Adam Lang. The film was shot on locations in Germany.

In the U.S., film critic Roger Ebert included it in his top 10 pick for 2010, and states that "this movie is the work of a man who knows how to direct a thriller. Smooth, calm, confident, it builds suspense instead of depending on shock and action. " Co-star Ewan McGregor agrees, saying about Polanski that "he's a legend. . . I've never examined a director and the way that they work, so much before. He's brilliant, just brilliant, and absolutely warrants his reputation as a great director."

;''Carnage'' (2011) Polanski shot ''Carnage'' in February/March 2011. The film is a screen version of Yasmina Reza’s play ''God of Carnage'', a comedy about the relationship between two couples after their children get in a fight at school and the selfishness of everyone, which eventually leads to chaos. It stars Kate Winslet, Jodie Foster, Christoph Waltz and John C. Reilly. Though set in New York, it was shot in Paris due to Polanski's legal inability to travel to the US. The film will have its world premiere on September 9, 2011 at the Venice Film Festival and is set for release in the US by Sony Pictures Classics on December 16, 2011.

Co-stars Jodie Foster and Kate Winslet commented about Polanski's directing style. According to Foster, "He has a very, very definitive style about how he likes it done. He decides everything. He decided every lens. Every prop. Everything. It’s all him." Winslet adds that "Roman is one of the most extraordinary men I’ve ever met. The guy is 77 years old. He has an effervescent quality to him. He’s very joyful about his work, which is infectious. He likes to have a small crew, to the point that, when I walked on the set, my thought was, ‘My God, this is it?’”

Marriages and relationships

Barbara Lass

Polanski's first wife, Barbara Lass (née Kwiatkowska), was a Polish actress who also starred in Polanski's 1959 When Angels Fall. The couple were married in 1959 and divorced in 1961.

Sharon Tate

He met rising actress Sharon Tate while filming The Fearless Vampire Killers, and during the production the two of them began dating. On 1968, Polanski married Tate in London. In his autobiography, Polanski described his brief time with Tate as the best years of his life.

She died a year and a half after they were married as one of the victims of the Manson murders, in August 1969. In December of that year, Charles Manson and several members of his "family" were arrested, tried, and found guilty of first-degree murder of Tate and three friends at Polanski's home. Polanski has said that his absence on the night of the murders is the greatest regret of his life. In his autobiography, he wrote, "Sharon's death is the only watershed in my life that really matters", and commented that her murder changed his personality from a "boundless, untroubled sea of expectations and optimism" to one of "ingrained pessimism ... eternal dissatisfaction with life".

Nastassja Kinski

In 1976, Polanski started a romantic relationship with Nastassja Kinski, who starred in Tess. She was between 15 and 17 years old, and he was 43. Their relationship ended at the completion of filming. In an interview with David Letterman in 1982, she described their relationship and gave her opinion about his sexual assault case, claiming it was "ridiculous" and his remaining in France was "a loss for America."

Emmanuelle Seigner

In 1989, Polanski married French actress Emmanuelle Seigner. They have two children, daughter Morgane and son Elvis. Polanski and his children speak Polish at home.

Legal history

Sexual assault case

On 11 March 1977, Polanski, then 43 years old, was arrested for the sexual assault of 13-year-old Samantha Geimer during a photo shoot for French ''Vogue'' magazine. Soon after he was indicted on six counts of criminal behavior, including rape. At his arraignment Polanski pled not guilty to all charges.

Geimer's attorney next arranged a plea bargain, which Polanski accepted, where five of the six charges would be dismissed. As a result, Polanski pled guilty to the charge of "Unlawful Sexual Intercourse with a minor," and was ordered to undergo 90 days of psychiatric evaluation at Chino State Prison.

On release from prison after 42 days, Polanski expected that at final sentencing he would be put on probation, but the judge, Laurence J. Rittenband, had apparently changed his mind in the interim and now "suggested" to Polanski's attorney, Douglas Dalton, that more jail time and possible deportation were in order. Polanski was also told by his attorney that despite the fact that the prosecuting attorneys recommended probation, "the judge could no longer be trusted . . ." and the judge's representations were "worthless."

Upon learning of the judge's plans Polanski fled to France on February 1, 1978, just hours before sentencing by the judge. As a French citizen, he has been protected from extradition and has lived mostly in France since then.

Geimer sued Polanski in 1988, alleging sexual assault, intentional infliction of emotional distress and seduction. In 1993 Polanski agreed to settle with Geimer; however, in August 1996 Polanski still owed her $604,416. Geimer and her lawyers would later confirm the settlement was completed.

On 26 September 2009, Polanski was arrested while in Switzerland at the request of U.S. authorities. He was kept in jail near Zurich for two months, then put under house arrest at his home in Gstaad while awaiting decision of appeals fighting extradition to the U.S. On 12 July 2010 the Swiss rejected the U.S. request and instead declared him a "free man" and released him from custody, although all six of the original charges still remain pending in the U.S.

The victim, Samantha Geimer, during a television interview on 10 March 2011, blames the media, reporters, the court, and the judge for causing "way more damage to [her] and her family than anything Roman Polanski has ever done." She adds that the media were "really cruel," stating that the judge was using her and a noted celebrity for his own personal gain from the media exposure.

Documentary film

In 2008 the documentary film, ''Roman Polanski: Wanted and Desired'', was released in Europe and the U.S. where it won numerous awards. The film focuses on the judge in the case and the possible reasons why he changed his mind. It includes interviews with those involved in the case, including the victim, Geimer, who commented about the judge: :"He didn't care what happened to me, and he didn't care what happened to Polanski. He was orchestrating some little show . . . " Geimer's attorney, Lawrence Silver, adds that Polanski "was supposed to be treated fairly, and he clearly was not." In an interview with the prosecuting attorney, Roger Gunson, he states "I'm not surprised that Polanski left under those circumstances," and, "it was going to be a real circus." Former DA David Wells, made famous for stating on the documentary that he advised the trial judge to incarcerate Polanski, later admitted that he 'played up' his own role in the prosecution and that these back-door conversations in fact did not take place. David Wells's original statements were the most damning against the Polanski prosecution.

''Vanity Fair'' libel case

In 2004, Polanski sued ''Vanity Fair'' magazine in London for libel. A 2002 article in the magazine claimed that Polanski made sexual advances towards a young model while traveling to Tate's funeral. The trial included testimony of actress Mia Farrow and others, and it was concluded from the evidence that the event could not have happened. Polanski was awarded £50,000 in damages by the High Court in London.

Filmography

Director

! Year	! Film	! Oscar nominations	! Oscar wins
1955	''Zaczarowany rower'' (also as ''Bicycle'')
	''Morderstwo'' (also as ''A Murderer'')
''Uśmiech zębiczny'' (also as ''A Toothful Smile'')
''Rozbijemy zabawę'' (also as ''Break Up the Dance'')
1958
	''Le Gros et le maigre'' (also as ''The Fat and the Lean'')
''Ssaki'' (also as ''Mammals'')
1962
1964	''Les plus belles escroqueries du monde'' (also as ''The Beautiful Swindlers'')—segment: ''"La rivière de diamants"''
1965	''Repulsion''*
1966
1967
1968
1971
1973
1974
1976	''Le Locataire'' (also as ''The Tenant)''*
1979
1986
1988
1992	''Bitter Moon''
1994
1999	''The Ninth Gate''
2002
2005
2007	''To Each His Own Cinema'' (segment ''Cinéma erotique'')
2010
2012

*These movies are part of his 'Apartment Trilogy'.

Actor

''Trzy opowieści'' (aka ''Three Stories'') as Genek 'The Little' (segment "Jacek", 1953)

''Zaczarowany rower'' (aka ''Magical Bicycle'') as Adas (1955)

''Rower'' (aka ''Bicycle'') as the Boy who wants to buy a bicycle (1955)

''Pokolenie'' (aka ''A Generation'') as Mundek (1955)

''Nikodem Dyzma'' as the Boy at Hotel (1956)

''Wraki'' (aka ''The Wrecks'', 1957)

''Koniec nocy'' (aka ''End of the Night'') as the Little One (1957)

''Dwaj ludzie z szafą'' (aka ''Two Men and a Wardrobe'') as the Bad boy (1958)

''Zadzwońcie do mojej żony?'' (aka ''Call My Wife'') as a Dancer (1958)

''Gdy spadają anioły'' (aka ''When Angels Fall Down'') as an Old woman (1959)

''Lotna'' as a Musician (1959)

''Zezowate szczęście'' (aka ''Bad Luck'') as Jola's Tutor (1960)

''Do widzenia, do jutra'' (aka ''Good Bye, Till Tomorrow'') as Romek (1960)

''Niewinni czarodzieje'' (aka ''Innocent Sorcerers'') as Dudzio (1960)

''Ostrożnie, Yeti!'' (aka ''Beware of Yeti!'', 1961)

''Gros et le maigre, Le'' (aka ''The Fat and the Lean'') as The Lean (1961)

''Samson'' (1961)

''Nóż w wodzie'' (aka ''Knife in the Water'') voice of Young Boy (1962)

''Repulsion'' as Spoon Player (1965)

''The Fearless Vampire Killers'' as Alfred, Abronsius' Assistant (1967)

''The Magic Christian'' as Solitary drinker (1969)

''What?'' as Mosquito (1972)

''Chinatown'' as Man with Knife (1974)

''Blood for Dracula'' (Andy Warhol) as Man in Tavern (1976)

''Locataire, Le'' (aka ''The Tenant'') as Trelkovsky (1976)

''Chassé-croisé'' (1982)

''En attendant Godot'' (TV) as Lucky (1989)

''Back in the USSR'' as Kurilov (1992)

''Una pura formalità'' (aka ''A Pure Formality'') as Inspector (1994)

''Grosse fatigue'' (aka ''Dead Tired'') as Roman Polanski (1994)

''Hommage à Alfred'' (aka ''Tribute to Alfred Lepetit'', 2000)

''Zemsta'' (aka ''The Revenge'') as Papkin (2002)

''Rush Hour 3'' as Detective Revi (2007)

''Caos Calmo'' as Steiner (2007)

Writer

Script for ''A Day at the Beach'' (1970) based on the 1962 novel of the same name by Simon Heere Heeresma.

Polanski's autobiography, ''Roman by Polanski'', sometimes known as ''Roman''.

Awards and nominations

! Year	!Award	!Category	!Result
	Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences
1968	Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences
1974	Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences
1974	Golden Globe Awards	Golden Globe Award for Best Director - Motion Picture (''Chinatown'')
1974	British Academy of Film and Television Arts (BAFTA)	Best Direction (''Chinatown'')
1979
1979	Académie des Arts et Techniques du Cinéma (César)	César Award for Best Director (''Tess'')
1979	Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences	Academy Award for Directing (''Tess'')
1979	Golden Globe Awards	Golden Globe Award for Best Foreign Film (''Tess'')
1979	Golden Globe Awards	Golden Globe Award for Best Director—Motion Picture (''Tess'')
2002	British Academy of Film and Television Arts (BAFTA)
2002	Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences	Academy Award for Best Director (''The Pianist'')
2002	Académie des Arts et Techniques du Cinéma (César)	César Award for Best Director (''The Pianist'')
2002	Académie des Arts et Techniques du Cinéma (César)	César Award for Best Film (''The Pianist'')
2002	Académie des Arts et Techniques du Cinéma (César)	César Award for Best Director (''The Pianist'')
2004	Karlovy Vary International Film Festival	Crystal Globe for outstanding artistic contribution to world cinema
2009	Zurich Film Festival Golden Icon Award	Lifetime achievement
2010	European Film Awards	Best Film; Best Director; Best Screenwriter ''(The Ghost Writer)''
2010	Lumiere Awards (France's Golden Globes)	Best Director; Best Screenwriter ''(The Ghost Writer)''
2011		César Award for Best Director ''(The Ghost Writer)''
2011		César Award for Best Screenwriter ''(The Ghost Writer)''

Other awards

New York Film Critics Circle Awards

1980 ''Tess'' nominated for Best Direction

1980 ''Tess'' nominated for Best Foreign Film

1974 ''Chinatown'' nominated for Best Film

1971 ''Macbeth'' nominated for Best Direction

1971 ''Macbeth'' nominated for Best Film

1965 ''Repulsion'' nominated for Best Direction

1965 ''Repulsion'' nominated for Best Screenwriting

Venice Film Festival

1966 ''Cul De Sac'' nominated for National Syndication of Italian Film Journalists

1962 ''Knife in the Water'' won for Fipresci Prize

References

Bibliography

Bugliosi, Vincent, with Gentry, Kurt, (1974) ''Helter Skelter, The Shocking Story of the Manson Murders'', Arrow, London. ISBN 0099975009

Cronin, Paul (2005) ''Roman Polanski: Interviews'', Mississippi: University Press of Mississippi. 200p

Farrow, Mia (1997). ''What Falls Away: A Memoir'', New York: Bantam.

Feeney, F.X. (text); Duncan, Paul (visual design). (2006). ''Roman Polanski'', Koln: Taschen. ISBN 3-8228-2542-5

Jacke, Andreas (2010): ''Roman Polanski—Traumatische Seelenlandschaften'', Gießen: Psychosozial-Verlag. ISBN 9783837920376, ISBN 9783837920376

Kael, Pauline, ''5001 Nights At The Movies'', Zenith Books, 1982. ISBN 0-09-933550-6

King, Greg, ''Sharon Tate and The Manson Murders'', Barricade Books, New York, 2000. ISBN 1-56980-157-6

Polanski, Roman (1973) ''Roman Polanski's What? From the original screenplay'', London: Lorrimer. 91p. ISBN 0856470333

Polanski, Roman (1973) ''What?'', New York: Third press, 91p, ISBN 089388121X

Polanski, Roman (1975) ''Three film scripts: Knife in the water'' [original screenplay by Jerzy Skolimowski, Jakub Goldberg and Roman Polanski; translated by Boleslaw Sulik]; ''Repulsion'' [original screenplay by Roman Polanski and Gerard Brach]; ''Cul-de-sac'' [original screenplay by Roman Polanski and Gerard Brach]'', introduction by Boleslaw Sulik, New York: Fitzhenry and Whiteside, 275p, ISBN 0064300625

Polanski, Roman (1984) ''Knife in the water, Repulsion and Cul-de-sac: three filmscripts by Roman Polanski'', London: Lorrimer, 214p, ISBN 0856470511 (hbk) ISBN 0856470929 (pbk)

Polanski, Roman (1984, 1985) ''Roman by Polanski'', New York: Morrow. ISBN 0688026214, London: Heinemann. London: Pan. 456p. ISBN 0434591807 (hbk) ISBN 0330285971 (pbk)

Polanski, Roman (2003) ''Le pianiste'', Paris: Avant-Scene, 126p, ISBN 2847250166

Visser, John J. 2008 ''Satan-el: Fallen Mourning Star (Chapter 5)''. Covenant People's Books. ISBN 978-0-557-03412-3

Notes

External links

Roman Polanski's official webpage

Interview with Charlie Rose, March 2000

"Interview: ''Roman Polanski: 'Wanted and Desired''

Category:1933 births Category:Living people Category:20th-century actors Category:21st-century actors Category:20th-century writers Category:21st-century writers Category:BAFTA winners (people) Category:Best Director Academy Award winners Category:Best Director César Award winners Category:Best Director Golden Globe winners Category:English-language film directors Category:European Film Awards winners (people) Category:French film actors Category:French film directors Category:French film producers Category:French Jews Category:French people of Jewish descent Category:French people of Polish descent Category:French screenwriters Category:French sex offenders Category:Fugitives wanted by the United States Category:Fugitives wanted on sex crime charges Category:Holocaust survivors Category:Kraków Ghetto inmates Category:Members of the Académie des beaux-arts Category:People from Łódź Category:Actors from Paris Category:Polish film actors Category:Polish film directors Category:Polish film producers Category:Polish people of Jewish descent Category:Polish screenwriters Category:Polish sex offenders Category:Silver Bear for Best Director recipients Category:Statutory rapists

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