Coordinates	23°33′″N46°38′″N
name	Melvins
landscape	Yes
background	group_or_band
origin	Montesano, Washington, United States
genre	Sludge metal, Grunge, Stoner metal, stoner rock, experimental rock, hardcore punk, alternative metal
years active	1983–present
label	C/Z, Alchemy, Boner, Atlantic, Amphetamine Reptile, Man's Ruin, Ipecac, Your Choice Records, Alternative Tentacles, Slap A Ham
associated acts	Altamont, Big Business, Fantômas, Fecal Matter, Jello Biafra, Lustmord, Porn, The Cows
website
current members	Buzz OsborneDale CroverJared WarrenCoady Willis
past members	Kevin RutmanisMark DeutromJoe PrestonLori BlackMatt LukinMike Dillard }}

The Melvins are an American band that formed in 1983. They usually perform as a trio, but in recent years have performed as a four piece with two drummers. Since 1984, singer and guitarist Buzz Osborne (also known as King Buzzo) and drummer Dale Crover have been the band's constant members. They are said to be "the Godfathers of grunge music". The band was named after a supervisor at a Thriftway in Montesano, Washington, where Osborne also worked as a clerk. "Melvin" was despised by other employees, and the band's members felt it to be an appropriately ridiculous name. The Melvins' music is influenced by Black Flag's mix of punk and metal on their album ''My War'', and other slow punk acts like Swans, Flipper and Wipers, but also by some hard rock and metal bands as Kiss and Alice Cooper; however, their idiosyncratic approach, bizarre sense of humor, and experimentation make neat categorization difficult. Osborne has also stated that his guitar playing is more influenced by Black Flag than Black Sabbath, whom they are often compared with. They often favor very slow tempos, and their sludgy sound was a strong influence on music, especially Nirvana, Soundgarden, Green River, and many other bands from Seattle. These bands, however, tended to use more conventional musical structures with this sound. Melvins have also influenced many bands outside the Seattle grunge scene, including Tool, who are personal friends with the band; Boris, who took their name from the title of a Melvins song; and lots of doom metal, sludge metal, stoner metal-rock bands.

History

Early days

The Melvins were formed in early 1983 by Buzz Osborne (guitar/vocals), Matt Lukin (bass) and Mike Dillard (drums) who all went to Wheeler High School in Montesano, Washington. In the beginning they played Cream and Jimi Hendrix covers, and also began playing fast hardcore punk. When Dillard left the band, Dale Crover took his place, and the band's rehearsals moved to a back room of Crover's parents house in Aberdeen, Washington. Soon afterward, they started to play songs slower and "heavier" than nearly anyone else at the time.

In 1985, C/Z Records was created to document the Washington music scene, the label released ''Deep Six'', featuring four songs by Melvins. In 1986 the band released their debut, the ''Six Songs'' EP, on C/Z Records (later releases expanded and retitled this as ''8 Songs'', ''10 Songs'', and eventually ''26 Songs'' in 2003 on Ipecac Recordings). The album was recorded live to a two track at Ironwood, February 8, 1986.

In December 1986, they recorded their first full-length album, ''Gluey Porch Treatments'', at Studio D in Sausalito, California. The album was released in 1987 on Alchemy Records. ''Gluey Porch Treatments'' was later coupled with their second album ''Ozma'' for the Boner Records CD release. It was expanded again for the 1999 rerelease on Ipecac Recordings with some garage demos.

Crover played drums with Nirvana when they recorded a ten song demo on January 23, 1988 in Seattle, which later formed part of their debut LP Bleach, and played a live show in Tacoma later that day. Osborne would later introduce Cobain and Krist Novoselic to Dave Grohl. Later that year Osborne and Crover relocated to San Francisco, California. Lukin stayed and formed the band Mudhoney. Lori "Lorax" Black (daughter of Shirley Temple) replaced Lukin on bass. The band recorded ''Ozma'' in May 1989, and released it later that year. The album was produced by Mark Deutrom, who later joined the band on bass.

The early 1990s

In 1990, the band recorded ''Bullhead'', which marked a slower, more drone-oriented style for the band. The band then toured Europe; their January 23, 1991 show in Alzey, Germany was released by Tobby Holzinger as ''Your Choice Live Series Vol.12''. When they returned to the U.S., they recorded the ''Eggnog EP'', which was released the same year on Boner Records.

Lorax left the band, and was replaced by Joe Preston. Preston appears on the ''Salad of a Thousand Delights'' (1992, Box Dog Video). Melvins then released three "solo" EPs, following the concept and imitating the cover artwork inspired by the four Kiss members' solo albums released in 1978. ''King Buzzo'', ''Dale Crover'', and ''Joe Preston'' were all released in 1992 on Boner Records. Later in 1992, they released the full-length album, ''Lysol'', which had to be renamed ''Melvins'' because Lysol was a trademarked name. Preston departed from the band, and Lorax briefly rejoined.

The Atlantic years

When Nirvana's ''Nevermind'' became a massive, unexpected success, Melvins were one of many groups to benefit from Nirvana's support. They were signed by Atlantic Records, and their first major label release, 1993's ''Houdini'', entered the Billboard Heatseekers chart at 29. Mark Deutrom replaced Lorax on bass shortly after the album's release.

Gene Simmons of Kiss played bass with Melvins at Lollapalooza in 1993 and 1994 for a full set. He also played bass with Melvins in 1993 in a concert with Primus, on the song Goin' Blind, a Kiss song that Melvins had covered on ''Houdini''.

The Melvins released their second album for Atlantic in 1994, ''Stoner Witch''. Due to its experimental nature, the Melvins took their next album, ''Prick'', to Amphetamine Reptile Records. Record label conflicts prevented the band from releasing any records under the name "Melvins", so the album was released with the band name written in mirror. They returned to Atlantic one last time for 1996's ''Stag'', which entered the Heatseekers chart at number 33. The band was dropped by Atlantic Records in 1997 after three albums.

Late 1990s-mid 2000s

The band signed with Amphetamine Reptile Records and released their next full-length album, ''Honky'', in 1997. They recorded an August 1997 concert in Richmond, Melbourne, Australia as ''Alive at the F*ckerclub'' in 1998. The same year, Melvins opened for Tool. (A humorous picture on the Tool website depicts the Melvins along with the words "Melvins say...Tool Sux!" spelled out in lunch meat. The photo was taken while on tour with Tool in 2002 in Australia.) In 1998, the Melvins played the second stage at Ozzfest.

1999 saw the beginning of a partnership with Mike Patton's Ipecac Recordings, which began remastering and reissuing much of the band's back catalog. The band also released three full-length albums dubbed (and later packaged together as) ''The Trilogy'': ''The Maggot'', ''The Bootlicker'', and ''The Crybaby''. The latter featured a number of guest vocalists and musicians. Kevin Rutmanis, formerly of The Cows, was bassist during this era.

In 2001, the band returned to their experimental tendencies for ''Colossus of Destiny'', a live set of synthesizer and sampler experiments presented as two tracks (one clocking in at 59:23 and the other at five seconds). The album was described approvingly by one critic as "more like avant-garde electro-acoustic than anything else."

In 2003 Atlantic Records (UK) released ''Melvinmania: The Best of the Atlantic Years 1993–1996'', a compilation of recycled tracks from the band's three major label releases. This release was unsanctioned by the band who had no input into the track selection or (occasionally inaccurate) liner notes.

In 2004, Osborne and Crover toured to celebrate their 20th anniversary as a band, and also released an art book ''Neither Here Nor There''. The book is a collection of art by creators of their cover art as well as friends of the band, and also contained retrospectives on the past twenty years of the Melvins. The book included a CD with selected tracks from their albums.

Mid 2000s-present

In 2004 the Melvins collaborated with ambient artist Lustmord for ''Pigs of the Roman Empire'' and with Dead Kennedys singer Jello Biafra for ''Never Breathe What You Can't See'' and ''Sieg Howdy!'' released in 2004 and 2005 respectively. ''Never Breathe What You Can't See'' was supported by a mini-tour with Jello Biafra and Adam Jones from Tool. A planned European tour was canceled in early October 2004 reportedly due to unknown complications involving Rutmanis. Following the tour cancellation, the Melvins finished the year playing a few shows with David Scott Stone supporting the work of filmmaker Cameron Jamie in Europe and the United States.

When asked about Rutmanis and the canceled portion of the tour Osborne and Crover stated that Rutmanis had "disappeared". Fans feared that Rutmanis had departed like so many bassists before him; however, Rutmanis returned temporarily in early 2005. In June 2005, Rutmanis officially left the band with drug abuse rumored as the major cause. When Melvins toured with Jello Biafra in October and November 2005, David Scott Stone filled in on bass.

In early 2006, Crover confirmed rumors of the members of the band Big Business joining Melvins. Commenting on adding another drummer, Crover said this about Big Business drummer Coady Willis: "He's left-handed, so we want to do this 'mirror image' type of thing. We've kind of fused our two drum sets together, and we're going to try and do some crazy thing with it. We're sharing these big toms in between us."

The merged bands toured the U.S. in the fall of 2006 in support of their album, ''(A) Senile Animal''. Melvins also toured briefly the United Kingdom in mid-December 2006. Two new songs entitled "Suicide in Progress" and "Billy Fish" have been played during the 2007 tour, and appear on their next album ''Nude With Boots''.

On June 16 and 17, 2008, the original (1983) lineup played two shows at the Great American Music Hall in San Francisco in honor of Jello Biafra's 50th birthday. Both sets were composed of songs from The Mangled Demos, a collection of early material released on the Alternative Tentacles record label in 2005.

In 2008 the band collaborated with the Italian band Zu on a track. In July 2008, their new album entitled ''Nude With Boots'' was released . Some of the recording sessions have been documented on a Japanese blog by Toshi Kasai. In December 2008, along with Mike Patton, Melvins co-curated an edition of the All Tomorrow's Parties Nightmare Before Christmas festival. They chose half of the lineup and also performed themselves.

The long rumoured (since 2003) remix CD "Chicken Switch" was released on September 29, 2009 via Ipecac Recordings. Unlike usual remix cds where the remixer is given a single track to work with, for Chicken Switch each remixer was given a full album to work with and pull from to create their track.

The Melvins joined with New Orleans' super group Down and Weedeater for a North American tour in the Summer and Fall of 2009. The Melvins released their follow up to ''Nude With Boots'', entitled ''The Bride Screamed Murder'', on June 1, 2010.

The Melvins started 2011 with a series of unique shows. Four of the shows were every Friday at Spaceland's in California. January 7 featured the current line-up playing Colossus of Destiny, Lysol, and Eggnog. Jan 14 featured a Melvins 1983 set followed by the band playing Houdini. Jan 21 featured a two-piece Melvins set followed by the current lineup playing Bullhead. Jan 28 featured the band playing a normal set followed by Stoner Witch.

In early 2011 they had the unfortunate distinction of being on tour first in Christchurch, New Zealand at the time of the February 2011 Christchurch earthquake then in Tokyo, Japan at the time of the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami.

Members

Current members

Buzz Osborne – lead vocals, guitar (1983–present)

Dale Crover – drums, percussion, vocals (1984–present)

Jared Warren – bass, vocals (2006–present)

Coady Willis – drums, vocals (2006–present)

Former members

Mike Dillard – drums (1983–1984, 2008–2011 (performing songs from Mangled Demos from 1983))

Matt Lukin – bass guitar (1983–1987)

Lori "Lorax" Black – bass guitar (1987–1991, 1992–1993)

Joe Preston – bass guitar (1991–1992)

Mark Deutrom – bass guitar, guitar (1993–1998)

Kevin Rutmanis – bass guitar (1998–2005)

Additional and touring musicians

Tom Flynn – bass guitar (1990)

Dave Sahijdak (aka Dave Sharp) – bass guitar (1993)

David Scott Stone – guitar, bass guitar (1997–2005)

Adam Jones – guitar, bass guitar (various dates from 1998–2008)

Jello Biafra – vocals (2004–2005, 2008, in support of their collaborations)

Trevor Dunn – bass guitar, backing vocals (2005–2009, 2011)

Discography

!Year	!Title	!Label
1987	''Gluey Porch Treatments''
1989		Boner Records
1991		Boner Records
1992		Boner Records
1993		Atlantic Records
1994		Amphetamine Reptile Records
1994	''Stoner Witch''	Atlantic Records
1996		Atlantic Records
1997		Amphetamine Reptile Records
1999	''The Maggot''	Ipecac Recordings
1999	''The Bootlicker''	Ipecac Recordings
2000	''The Crybaby''	Ipecac Recordings
2001	''Electroretard''	Man's Ruin Records
2002	''Hostile Ambient Takeover''	Ipecac Recordings
2004	''Pigs of the Roman Empire'' (w/ Lustmord)	Ipecac Recordings
2006	''(A) Senile Animal''	Ipecac Recordings
2008	''Nude with Boots''	Ipecac Recordings
2010	''The Bride Screamed Murder''	Ipecac Recordings

References

External links

Melvins official website

Melvins fan site

Melvins at Encyclopaedia Metallum

Melvins at Ipecac Recordings

The MelvinsWiki

Video interview with The Melvins

Video interview with the Melvins and 2 live videos (4/07)

Melvins biography / discography on IHRTN.com

Interview with Buzz Osborne from groundcontrolmag.com

Video interview of The Melvins by Serene Dominic

Category:C/Z Records artists Category:Atlantic Records artists Category:Musical groups established in 1982 Category:Musical trios

cs:Melvins de:The Melvins es:Melvins fr:Melvins gl:The Melvins it:Melvins he:מלווינס la:The Melvins nl:The Melvins ja:メルヴィンズ no:Melvins pl:The Melvins pt:The Melvins ru:Melvins simple:Melvins fi:Melvins sv:The Melvins tr:Melvins

Coordinates	23°33′″N46°38′″N
name	Jello Biafra
background	solo_singer
birth name	Eric Reed Boucher
alias	Occupant, Count Ringworm, Osama McDonald, J Lo
birth date	June 17, 1958
birth place	Boulder, Colorado, U.S.
origin	San Francisco, California, U.S.
instrument	Vocals
genre	Punk rock, spoken word
years active	1976–present
label	Alternative Tentacles
associated acts	Dead Kennedys, The Melvins, No WTO Combo, D.O.A., Lard, Al Jourgensen, Pennywise, The Offspring, Nomeansno, Sepultura, Tool, Revolting Cocks, Napalm Death, Mojo Nixon, 1000 Homo DJs, Métal Urbain, Body Count, Tumor Circus, Butthole Surfers, Jello Biafra and the Guantanamo School of Medicine
website	AlternativeTentacles.com Alternative Tentacles myspace
occupation	Musician, speaker, record label director, Green Party politician }}

Jello Biafra (born Eric Reed Boucher; June 17, 1958) is an American musician, spoken word artist and leading figure of the Green Party of the United States. Biafra first gained attention as the lead singer and songwriter for San Francisco punk rock band Dead Kennedys. After his time with the band concluded, he took over the influential independent record label Alternative Tentacles, which he had co-founded in 1979 with Dead Kennedys bandmate East Bay Ray. Although now focused primarily on spoken word, he has continued as a musician in numerous collaborations.

Politically, Biafra is a member of the Green Party of the United States and actively supports various political causes. He ran for the party's Presidential nomination in 2000, finishing second to Ralph Nader. He is a staunch believer in free society, who utilizes shock value and advocates direct action and pranksterism in the name of political causes. Biafra is known to use absurdist media tactics, in the leftist tradition of the Yippies, to highlight issues of civil rights and social justice.

Early life

Eric Boucher was born in Boulder, Colorado, U.S. to parents Stanley Boucher, a psychiatric social worker and poet, and Virginia Boucher, a librarian, who worked two cubicles away from Ed Sauer. He also had a sister, Julie J. Boucher, the Associate Director of the Library Research Service at the Colorado State Library (who died in a mountain-climbing accident on October 12, 1996). As a child, Boucher developed an interest in international politics that was encouraged by his parents. An avid news watcher, one of his earliest memories was of the John F. Kennedy assassination. Biafra says he has been a fan of rock music since first hearing it in 1965, when his parents accidentally tuned in to a rock radio station. During the 1970s, he became involved in activism in reaction to several events of the era including the Vietnam War, the Chicago 7 trial, and the Kent State shootings.

He began his career in music in January 1977 as a roadie for the punk rock band The Ravers (who later changed their name to The Nails). In the autumn of that year, he began attending the University of California, Santa Cruz. He studied acting and the history of Paraguay before leaving to become involved in San Francisco, California's punk scene.

Musical career

The Dead Kennedys

In June 1978, he responded to an advertisement placed in a store by guitarist East Bay Ray, stating "Guitarist wants to form punk band", and together they formed the Dead Kennedys. He began performing with the band under the stage name Occupant, but soon began to use his current stage name. Biafra wrote the band's lyrics, most of which were political in nature and displayed a sardonic, sometimes absurdist, sense of humor despite their serious subject matter. In the tradition of UK peace punk bands like Crass, the Dead Kennedys was one of the first US punk bands to write politically-themed songs. The lyrics Biafra wrote helped popularize the use of humorous lyrics in hardcore. Biafra cites Joey Ramone as the inspiration for his use of humor in his songs (as well as being the musician who made him interested in punk rock), noting in particular songs by The Ramones such as "Beat on the Brat" and "Now I Wanna Sniff Some Glue".

Biafra initially attempted to compose music on guitar, but his lack of experience on the instrument and his own admission of being "a fumbler with my hands" led Dead Kennedys bassist Klaus Flouride to suggest that Biafra simply sing the parts he envisioned to the band. Biafra sang his riffs and melodies into a tape recorder, which he brought to the band's rehearsal and/or recording sessions. This later became a problem when the other members of the Dead Kennedys sued Biafra over royalties and publishing rights. By all accounts, including his own, Biafra is not a conventionally-skilled musician, and his work, particularly with the Dead Kennedys, is highly respected by punk-oriented critics and fans.

Biafra's first popular song was the first single by the Dead Kennedys, "California Über Alles". The song, which spoofed California governor Jerry Brown, was the first of many political songs by the group and Biafra. The song's popularity resulted in its being covered by other musicians, such as The Disposable Heroes of Hiphoprisy (who rewrote the lyrics to parody Pete Wilson), John Linnell of They Might Be Giants and Six Feet Under on their Graveyard Classics album of cover versions. Not long after, the Dead Kennedys had a second and bigger hit with "Holiday in Cambodia" from their debut album ''Fresh Fruit for Rotting Vegetables''. ''Allmusic'' cites this song as "possibly the most successful single of the American hardcore scene" and Biafra counts it as his personal favorite Dead Kennedys song. Minor hits from the album included "Kill the Poor" (about potential abuse of the then-new neutron bomb) and a satirical cover of Elvis Presley's "Viva Las Vegas".

The Dead Kennedys received some controversy in the spring of 1981 over the single "Too Drunk to Fuck". The song became a big hit in Britain, and the BBC feared that it would manage to be a big enough hit to appear among the top 30 songs on the national charts, requiring a mention on ''Top of the Pops''. However, the single peaked at number 31 in the charts.

Later albums also contained memorable songs, but with less popularity than the earlier ones. The EP ''In God We Trust, Inc.'' contained the song "Nazi Punks Fuck Off!" as well as "We've Got A Bigger Problem Now", a rewritten version of "California Über Alles" about Ronald Reagan. Punk musician and scholar Vic Bondi considers the latter song to be the song that "defined the lyrical agenda of much of hardcore music, and represented its break with punk". The band's most controversial album, ''Frankenchrist'', brought with it the song "MTV Get Off the Air", which accused MTV of promoting poor quality music and sedating the public. The album also contained a controversial poster by Swiss surrealist artist H. R. Giger entitled ''Penis Landscape''.

The Dead Kennedys toured widely during their career, starting in the late 1970s. They began playing mostly at southern Californian clubs (most notably the Whisky a Go Go), but eventually they moved to major clubs across the country, including CBGB in New York. Later, they played to larger audiences such as at the 1980 Bay Area Music Awards (where they played the notorious "Pull My Strings" for the only time), and headlined the 1983 Rock Against Reagan festival.

On May 7, 1994, people who believed Biafra was a "sell out" attacked him at the 924 Gilman Street club in Berkeley, California. Biafra claims that he was attacked by a man nicknamed Cretin, who crashed into him while moshing. The crash injured Biafra's leg, causing an argument between the two men. During the argument, Cretin pushed Biafra to the floor and five or six friends of Cretin assaulted Biafra while he was down, yelling "Sellout rock star, kick him", and attempting to pull out his hair. Biafra was later hospitalized with serious injuries. The attack derailed Biafra's plans for both a Canadian spoken-word tour and an accompanying album, and the production of ''Pure Chewing Satisfaction'' was halted. However, Biafra returned to the Gilman club a few months after the incident to perform a spoken-word performance as an act of reconciliation with the club.

Biafra has been a prominent figure of the Californian punk scene and was one of the founding members of the San Francisco hardcore punk community. Many later hardcore bands have cited the Dead Kennedys as a major influence. Hardcore punk author Steven Blush describes Biafra as hardcore's "biggest star" who was a "powerful presence whose political insurgence and rabid fandom made him the father figure of a burgeoning subculture [and an] inspirational force [who] could also be a real prick... Biafra was a visionary, incendiary [performer]."

After the Dead Kennedys disbanded, Biafra's new songs were recorded with other bands, and he released only spoken word albums as solo projects. These collaborations had less popularity than Biafra's earlier work. However, his song "That's Progress", originally recorded with D.O.A. for the album ''Last Scream of the Missing Neighbors'', received considerable exposure when it appeared on the album ''Rock Against Bush, Vol. 1''.

Obscenity prosecution

In April 1986, police officers raided his house in response to complaints by the Parents Music Resource Center (PMRC). In June 1986, L.A. deputy city attorney Michael Guarino, working under City Attorney James Hahn, brought Biafra to trial in Los Angeles for distributing "harmful material to minors" in the Dead Kennedys album ''Frankenchrist''. In actuality, the dispute was about neither the music nor the lyrics from the album, but rather the print of the H. R. Giger poster ''Landscape XX'' (''Penis Landscape'') included with the album. Biafra believes the trial was politically motivated; it was often reported that the PMRC took Biafra to court as a cost-effective way of sending a message out to other musicians with content considered offensive in their music.

Music author Reebee Garofalo argued that Biafra and Alternative Tentacles may have been targeted because the label was a "small, self-managed and self-supported company that could ill afford a protracted legal battle." Facing the possible sentence of a year in jail and a $2000 fine, Biafra, Dirk Dirksen, and Suzanne Stefanac founded the No More Censorship Defense Fund, a benefit made up of several punk rock bands, to help pay for his legal fees, which neither he nor his record label could afford. The jury deadlocked 5 to 7 in favor of acquittal, prompting a mistrial; despite a district attorney motion to re-try the case, the judge ordered all charges dropped. The Dead Kennedys disbanded during the trial, in December 1986, due to the mounting legal costs; in the wake of their disbandment, Biafra made a career of his spoken word performances. His early spoken word albums focused heavily on the trial (especially in ''High Priest of Harmful Matter''), which made him renowned for his anti-censorship stance.

Biafra has a cameo role in the 1988 film ''Tapeheads''. He plays an FBI agent who arrests the two protagonists (played by Tim Robbins and John Cusack). Whilst arresting them his character asks "Remember what we did to Jello Biafra?" lampooning the obscenity prosecution.

On March 25, 2005, Biafra appeared on the U.S. radio program ''This American Life'', "Episode 285: Know Your Enemy", which featured a phone call between Jello Biafra and Michael Guarino, the prosecutor in the ''Frankenchrist'' trial. The episode was about Guarino's change of opinion and the reconciliation between Guarino and Biafra.

Lawsuit by former band members and reunion activities

In October 1998, former members of the Dead Kennedys sued Biafra for nonpayment of royalties. According to Biafra, the suit resulted from his refusal to allow one of the band's most well known singles, "Holiday in Cambodia", to be used in a commercial for Levi's Dockers; Biafra opposes Levi's because he believes that they use unfair business practices and sweatshop labor. The three former members claimed that their motive had nothing to do with advertising, and that they had filed suit because Biafra had denied them royalties and failed to promote their albums. Biafra maintained that he had never denied them royalties, and that he himself had not even received royalties for rereleases of their albums or "posthumous" live albums which had been licensed to other labels by the Decay Music partnership. Decay Music denied this charge and have posted what they say are his cashed royalty checks. Biafra also complained about the songwriting credits in new reissues and archival live albums of songs that Biafra claims he composed himself to the entire band. In May 2000, a jury found Biafra liable for fraud and malice and ordered him to pay $200,000, including $20,000 in punitive damages, to the band members. After an appeal by Biafra’s lawyers, in June 2003, the California Court of Appeal unanimously upheld all the conditions of the 2000 verdict against Biafra and Alternative Tentacles.

The other band members reunited in 2001 without Biafra under the name of "DK Kennedys" (later returning to the original band name), replacing Biafra first with Brandon Cruz, then with Jeff Penalty, and finally with Ron "Skip" Greer. Biafra himself has openly criticized his former bandmates' legal tactics and reunion tours, most notably in the song "Those Dumb Punk Kids (Will Buy Anything)", which he performed with The Melvins.

In June, 2011, Mondoweiss, the anti Zionist news source reported that Jello Biafra had decided to play live shows in Israel, though those movements in favour of sanctioning and boycotting Israel hoped to persuade him to alter his decision.

Other bands

In 1988, Biafra, with Al Jourgensen and Paul Barker of the band Ministry, and Jeff Ward, formed Lard. The band became yet another side project for Ministry, with Biafra providing vocals and lyrics. According to a March 2009 interview with Jourgensen, he and Biafra are working on a new Lard album, which is being recorded in Jourgensen's El Paso studio. While working on the film ''Terminal City Ricochet'' in 1989, Biafra did a song for the film's soundtrack with D.O.A.. As a result, Biafra worked with D.O.A. on the album ''Last Scream of the Missing Neighbors''. Biafra also worked with Nomeansno on the soundtrack, which led to their collaboration on the album ''The Sky Is Falling and I Want My Mommy'' the following year. Biafra also provided lyrics for the song "Biotech is Godzilla" for Sepultura's 1993 album ''Chaos A.D.''.

In 1999, Biafra and other members of the anti-globalization movement protested the WTO Meeting of 1999 in Seattle. Along with other prominent West Coast musicians, he formed the short-lived band the No WTO Combo to help promote the movement's cause. The band was originally scheduled to play during the protest, but the performance was canceled due to riots. The band performed a short set the following night at the Showbox in downtown Seattle (outside the designated area), along with the hiphop group Spearhead. No WTO Combo later released a CD of recordings from the concert, entitled ''Live from the Battle in Seattle''.

As of late 2005, Biafra was performing with the band The Melvins under the name "Jello Biafra and the Melvins", though fans sometimes refer to them as "The Jelvins." Together they have released two albums, and have been working on material for a third collaborative release, much of which was premiered live at two concerts at the Great American Music Hall in San Francisco during an event called Biafra Five-O, commemorating Biafra's 50th birthday, the 30th anniversary of the founding of the Dead Kennedys, and the beginning of legalized same-sex marriage in California. Biafra is also working with a new band known as Jello Biafra and the Guantanamo School of Medicine, which includes Ralph Spight of Victims Family on guitar and Billy Gould of Faith No More on bass. This group debuted during Biafra Five-O.

Alternative Tentacles

In June 1979, Biafra co-founded the record label Alternative Tentacles, with which the Dead Kennedys released their first single, "California Über Alles". The label was created to allow the band to release albums without having to deal with pressure from major labels to change their music (although the major labels were not willing to sign the band due to their songs being deemed too controversial). After dealing with Cherry Red in the UK and IRS Records in the US for their first album ''Fresh Fruit for Rotting Vegetables'', the band released all later albums (and later pressings of ''Fresh Fruit'') on Alternative Tentacles (with the exception of live albums released after the band's break-up, which the other band members compiled from recordings in the band partnership's vaults without Biafra's input or endorsement). Biafra has been the owner of the company ever since its founding, though he does not receive a salary for his position (Biafra has referred to his position in the company as "absentee thoughtlord").

Biafra is an ardent collector of unusual vinyl records of all kinds, from '50s and '60s ethno-pop recordings by the likes of Les Baxter and Esquivel to vanity pressings that have circulated regionally, to German crooner Heino; he cites his always growing collection as one of his biggest musical influences. In 1993 he gave an interview to RE/Search Publications for their second ''Incredibly Strange Music'' book focusing primarily on these records. His heavy interest in such recordings (often categorized as outsider music) eventually led to his discovery of the prolific (and schizophrenic) singer/songwriter/artist Wesley Willis, whom he signed to Alternative Tentacles in 1994, preceding Willis' major label deal with American Recordings. His collection grew so large that on October 1, 2005, Biafra donated a portion of his collection to an annual yard sale co-promoted by Alternative Tentacles and held at their warehouse in Emeryville, California.

In 2006, along with Alternative Tentacles employee and The Frisk lead singer Jesse Luscious, Biafra began co-hosting ''The Alternative Tentacles Batcast'', a downloadable podcast hosted by alternativetentacles.com. The show primarily focuses on interviews with artists and bands that are currently signed to the Alternative Tentacles label, although there are also occasional episodes where Biafra devoted the show to answering fan questions.

Spoken word

Biafra first became a spoken word artist in January 1986, starting with a performance at University of California, Los Angeles. In his performance he combined his sense of humor with his political beliefs, much in the same way that he did with the lyrics to his songs. Biafra has held this career since, but did not begin recording spoken word records until after the disbanding of the Dead Kennedys.

His ninth spoken word album, ''In the Grip of Official Treason'', was released in October 2006.

Politics

Mayoral campaign

In the autumn of 1979, Biafra ran for mayor of San Francisco, using the Jell-O ad campaign catchphrase, "There's always room for Jello", as his campaign slogan. Having entered the race before creating a campaign platform, Biafra later wrote his platform on a napkin while attending a Pere Ubu concert. As he campaigned, Biafra wore campaign T-shirts from his opponent Quentin Kopp's previous campaign and at one point vacuumed leaves off the front lawn of another opponent, current U.S. Senator Dianne Feinstein, to mock her publicity stunt of sweeping streets in downtown San Francisco for a few hours. Supporters committed equally odd actions; two well known signs held by supporters said "If he doesn't win I'll kill myself" and "What if he does win?"

His platform included unconventional points such as forcing businessmen to wear clown suits within city limits, erecting statues of Dan White (who assassinated Mayor George Moscone and City Supervisor Harvey Milk in 1978) all over town and allowing the parks department to sell eggs and tomatoes with which people could pelt them, and a citywide ban on cars (although the latter point was not considered completely outlandish by many voters at the time, as the city was suffering from serious pollution). Biafra has expressed irritation that these parts of his platform attained such notoriety, preferring instead to be remembered for serious proposals such as legalizing squatting in vacant, tax-delinquent buildings and requiring police officers to keep their jobs by running for election voted by the people of the neighborhoods they patrol.

He finished third out of a field of nine, receiving 3.79% of the vote (6,591 votes); the election ended in a runoff that did not involve him (Feinstein was declared the winner).

Presidential campaign

In 2000, the New York State Green Party drafted Biafra as a candidate for the Green Party presidential nomination, and a few supporters were elected to the party's nominating convention in Denver, Colorado. Biafra chose death row inmate Mumia Abu-Jamal as his running mate. Despite the fact that his address to the convention was positively received, the party overwhelmingly chose Ralph Nader as the presidential candidate with 295 of the 319 delegate votes. Biafra finished in a second place tie with Stephen Gaskin; both received 10 votes.

Biafra, along with a camera crew (dubbed by Biafra as "The Camcorder Truth Jihad"), later reported for the Independent Media Center at the Republican and Democratic conventions. Biafra detailed these events in his album ''Become The Media'', which has resulted in his being credited with coining the slogan "''Don't hate the media, become the media''". Indymedia and related alternative media often use this line, or the now more apt "''Don't hate the media, be the media''."

Post-2000

After losing the 2000 nomination, Jello became highly active in Ralph Nader's presidential campaign, as well as in 2004 and 2008.

During the 2008 campaign Jello played at rallies and answered questions for journalists in support of Ralph Nader. After Barack Obama won the general election, Jello wrote an open letter making suggestions on how to run his term as president.

Tel Aviv tour

After news was released of Jello Biafra and the Guantanamo School of Medicine's decision to play in Tel Aviv, Israel on 2 July 2011, Biafra received much criticism from the left and punk community. This was in light of an artistic boycott put forward by the Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions campaign in 2005. On 29 June, just four days before the planned concert, Biafra announced on the band's Facebook page that the show had been canceled, yet: "I am going to Israel and Palestine to check things out myself and may yet conclude that playing for people in the belly of the beast was the right thing to do in the first place."

Personal life

Biafra married Therese Soder, aka Ninotchka, lead singer of San Francisco-area punk band The Situations on October 31, 1981. The wedding was conducted by Flipper vocalist/bassist Bruce Loose, who became a Universal Life Church minister just to conduct the ceremony, which took place in a graveyard. The wedding reception, which members of Flipper, Black Flag, and D.O.A. attended, was held at director Joe Rees' Target Video studios. The marriage ended in 1986.

Samples

Partial discography

''For a more complete list, see the Jello Biafra discography.''

Dead Kennedys

1980 - ''Fresh Fruit for Rotting Vegetables''

1981 - ''In God We Trust, Inc.''

1982 - ''Plastic Surgery Disasters''

1985 - ''Frankenchrist''

1986 - ''Bedtime for Democracy''

1987 - ''Give Me Convenience OR Give Me Death''

Spoken word

1987 - ''No More Cocoons''

1989 - ''High Priest of Harmful Matter: Tales From the Trial''

1991 - ''I Blow Minds for a Living''

1994 - ''Beyond the Valley of the Gift Police''

1998 - ''If Evolution Is Outlawed, Only Outlaws Will Evolve''

2000 - ''Become the Media''

2002 - ''The Big Ka-Boom, Pt. 1''

2002 - ''Machine Gun in the Clown's Hand''

2006 - ''In the Grip of Official Treason''

Lard

1989 - ''The Power of Lard''

1990 - ''The Last Temptation of Reid''

1997 - ''Pure Chewing Satisfaction''

2000 - ''70's Rock Must Die''

Jello Biafra and the Guantanamo School of Medicine

2009 - ''The Audacity of Hype''

2011 - ''Enhanced Methods of Questioning''

Collaborations

1990 - ''Supernaut'' with 1000 Homo DJs - "Hey Asshole" (credited as Count Ringworm)

1990 - ''Last Scream of the Missing Neighbors'' with D.O.A.

1990 - ''In Case You Didn't Feel Like Showing Up'' by Ministry (appears on the video release where he recites his own version of the Pledge of Allegiance)

1991 - ''The Sky is Falling and I Want My Mommy'' with Nomeansno

1991 - ''Tumor Circus'' with Steel Pole Bath Tub by Tumor Circus

1992 - ''Body Count'' with Body Count - "Freedom of Speech"

1993 - ''Chaos A.D.'' with Sepultura - "Biotech Is Godzilla" (credited on the lyrics)

1994 - ''Prairie Home Invasion'' with Mojo Nixon

1995 - ''Raza Odiada'' with Brujeria - "Raza Odiada (Pito Wilson)" (as the voice of Pete Wilson)

1997 - ''Helter Skelter'' with The D.O.C. - "Secret Plan"

1997 - ''Ixnay on the Hombre'' with The Offspring - "Disclaimer"

1998 - ''Every Home a Prison'' with Coldcut

2000 - ''Deviant'' with Pitchshifter - "As Seen on T.V."

2000 - ''Live from the Battle in Seattle'' with No WTO Combo

2001 - ''Nation'' with Sepultura - "Politricks"

2004 - ''Never Breathe What You Can't See'' with The Melvins (credited on the inner sleeve as ''Osama McDonald'')

2005 - ''The Code Is Red...Long Live the Code'' with Napalm Death - "The Great and the Good"

2005 - ''Sieg Howdy!'' with The Melvins (credited on the inner sleeve as ''J Lo'')

2005 - ''13 Ft. and Rising'' with Throw Rag - "Children of the Secret State"

2005 - ''Hell's Winter'' with Cage - "Grand Ol' Party Crash" (credited on the Cage as the voice of ''George W. Bush'')

2006 - ''J'Irai Chier dans Ton Vomi'' with Métal Urbain

2006 - ''Cocked and Loaded'' with Revolting Cocks - "Dead End Streets" and "Viagra Culture"(credited on the inner sleeve as Jello Biafra as well as all of his former stage names including Occupant, Smegma Pigvomit, Osama McDonald, and J Lo)

2006 - ''Rio Grande Blood'' with Ministry - "Ass Clown"

2007 - ''Deadline'' with Leftöver Crack - "Baby-Punchers"

2008 - ''Everybody Make Some Noise!'' with The A.K.A.s

2009 - ''All Sewn Up: A Tribute to Patrik Fitzgerald'' with Motorpsycho - "Punch"

2009 - ''That's So Gay'' with Pansy Division - "Average Men"

Filmography

1977 - ''This Is America, Pt. 2''

1978 - ''Massacre at Central High''

1981 - ''Urgh! A Music War''

1983 - ''Anarchism in America''

1986 - ''Lovedolls Superstar'', directed by Dave Markey

1987 - ''Household Affairs'', directed & filmed by Allen Ginsberg

1988 - ''Tapeheads'', directed by Bill Fishman

1990 - ''Terminal City Ricochet''

1991 - ''Highway 61'', directed by Bruce McDonald

1994 - ''Skulhedface'', directed by Melanie Mandl

1997 - ''Mary Jane's Not a Virgin Anymore'', directed by Sarah Jacobson

1999 - ''The Widower''

1999 - ''Virtue''

2001 - ''Plaster Caster''

2002 - ''Bikini Bandits'', directed by Steve and Peter Grasse

2004 - ''Death and Texas''

2004 - ''Punk: Attitude''

2005 - ''We Jam Econo: The Story Of The Minutemen''

2006 - ''Punk's Not Dead'', directed by Susan Dynner

2006 - ''Whose War?'', directed by Donald Farmer

2007 - ''American Drug War: The Last White Hope'', directed by Kevin Booth

2008 - ''Nerdcore Rising'', directed by Negin Farsad

2009 - ''Open Your Mouth And Say Mr.Chi Pig'', directed by Sean Patrick Shaul

References and footnotes

==External links==

Biafra's label Alternative Tentacles

Alternative Tentacles at MySpace

Alternative Tentacle's Jello Biafra Biography with MP3s and Discography

Audio recordings of Biafra's keynote speech at H2K

Audio recordings of Biafra's State of the World Address at H2K2

Audio recordings of Biafra's keynote speech at the Fifth HOPE

Audio recordings from HOPE Number Six, featuring Jello Biafra's keynote address

Nardwuar">Audio interviews of Jello Biafra and Nardwuar

Jello Biafra Scratch Magazine Interview

Juice Magazine Jello Biafra Interview

Democracy Now Interview with Jello Biafra

Audio of Jello Biafra Speaking at Peace Rally in San Francisco

Punknews.org interview with Jello Biafra

Maximumrocknroll Interview - Jello Biafra participates in 1984 discussion

Plazm Magazine 1996 interview with Jello Biafra

Discussed politics and the elections with Dan Patterson on the Creepy Sleepy Show, December 2006]

The Onion A.V. Club interview

Photos of Jello in the DKs

Unofficial Fan Site

Category:Living people Category:1958 births Category:Actors from Colorado Category:American anarchists Category:American anti-war activists Category:American anti–Iraq War activists Category:American film actors Category:American human rights activists Category:American punk rock singers Category:American satirists Category:American socialists Category:American spoken word artists Category:Anti-globalization activists Category:California Greens Category:Dead Kennedys members Category:Libertarian socialists Category:Musicians from Colorado Category:Musicians from San Francisco, California Category:People from Boulder, Colorado Category:People from San Francisco, California Category:Pigface members Category:United States presidential candidates, 2000

bg:Джело Биафра cs:Jello Biafra da:Jello Biafra de:Jello Biafra es:Jello Biafra fr:Jello Biafra id:Jello Biafra it:Jello Biafra csb:Jello Biafra nl:Jello Biafra ja:ジェロ・ビアフラ no:Jello Biafra pl:Jello Biafra pt:Jello Biafra ru:Джелло Биафра fi:Jello Biafra sv:Jello Biafra

Coordinates	23°33′″N46°38′″N
name	Mary-Kate OlsenAshley Olsen
birth date	June 13, 1986
birth place	Sherman Oaks, California, U.S.
occupation	Actresses
years active	1987–present
website	http://www.mary-kateandashley.com
notable role	Michelle Tanner in ''Full House'' }}

Mary-Kate Olsen and Ashley Fuller Olsen (born June 13, 1986) are American actresses.

Both have appeared in television and films since infancy. Since then, they have continued their celebrity through numerous television programs, films, interviews, as well as commercial endorsements. Although they look similar in appearance, they are genetically different fraternal twins.

Biography

Early life

The girls were born in 1986 in Sherman Oaks, California to David Olsen (b. 1953) and Jarnette (Jarnie) Fuller (b. 1954).

In 1987, the twins started their acting careers on the television series ''Full House''. They were hired at the age of six months and filming began when they were nine months old. The show was widely popular during the late 1980s and early 1990s. thumb|Mary-Kate Olsenthumb|Ashley Olsen Both sisters played the same character, Michelle Tanner, taking turns during the tapings to do so, in order to comply with strict child labor laws regarding child actors. For the first year, Ashley would cry when she was brought on set to do a scene, so Mary-Kate had more screen time in the first season.

Because the producers did not want viewers to know that Michelle was played by twins, the sisters were originally credited as "Mary Kate Ashley Olsen", but in the last season and most of season one, they were credited as separate people. During the eight year run, Mary-Kate and Ashley made several direct-to-video movies, in addition to ''Full House'', such as ''To Grandmother's House We Go'' (1992).

Career

Shortly after the end of ''Full House'', Mary-Kate and Ashley began heavily merchandising their image. They established a company called Dualstar in 1993 and their brand has been sold in more than 3,000 stores in the United States and over 5,300 stores worldwide. Because of this, they have been on the Forbes' "''The Celebrity 100 list''" since 2002, and in 2007, Forbes ranked them, collectively, as the eleventh-richest women in entertainment, with an estimated net worth of US$100 million.

Mary-Kate and Ashley were popular figures in the preteen market during the late '90s and early 2000s. Their names became a cottage industry, with their likeness seen in clothes, books, fragrances, magazines, movies and posters. There were even Mary-Kate and Ashley fashion dolls made by Mattel from 2000–2005.

They starred in the video series ''The Adventures of Mary-Kate & Ashley'' and ''You're Invited to Mary-Kate & Ashley's...'', the ABC show ''Two of a Kind'', and ABC Family's ''So Little Time''. However, ''So Little Time'' was panned by critics and disappointed fans. Despite this, they were ranked number three on the VH1 program ''100 Greatest Child Stars''. They also appear in a few direct-to-video movies about twins visiting places in Europe; ''Passport to Paris'', ''Winning London'', and ''When in Rome''.

In May 2004, they were part of a Got Milk? campaign and dual-hosted Saturday Night Live (which show caused them to miss their prom). In June, the Got Milk? campaign was pulled following Mary-Kate's disclosure that she was being treated for an eating disorder.

Their most recent theatrical venture was in the light-hearted romantic comedy, ''New York Minute'', also starring Eugene Levy. The film was expected to launch the girls into more serious adult roles, but was a box office flop.

Mary-Kate's first acting appearance without Ashley was in the movie ''Factory Girl'', released in December 2006. Mary-Kate was originally in several scenes, but only appeared in the background in the finished film. Mary-Kate was also a recurring guest role in the third season of the Showtime series Weeds and she is also in the 2008 independent film ''The Wackness'' starring Ben Kingsley, with whom she shares a passionate kiss.

Fashion

As the sisters have matured, there has been greater interest in their fashion choices, with the ''New York Times'' declaring Mary-Kate a fashion icon for pioneering her signature (and now popular among celebrities and fans alike) "homeless" look. The style, sometimes referred by fashion journalists to as "ashcan" or "Boho-chic" or bohemian-bourgeois, is similar to that of Bohemian chic popularized in Britain by Kate Moss and Sienna Miller. The look consists of oversized sunglasses, boots, loose sweaters, and flowing skirts all with an aesthetic of mixing high end pieces with low end. Their fashion choices, however, have not been without controversy. Ashley Olsen was included on PETA's 2006 Worst Dressed list for wearing fur.

Mary-Kate and Ashley have a clothing line in Wal-Mart stores across North America for girls ages 4 – 14 as well as a beauty line called "''Mary-Kate and Ashley: Real fashion for real girls''". In 2004 they made news by signing a pledge to allow all the workers that sew their line of clothing in Bangladesh full maternity leave. The National Labor Committee, which organized the pledge, later praised the twins for their commitment to worker rights. The director of the organization, Charles Kernaghan, is quoted as saying, "The Olsen twins have done the right thing. Now it is up to Wal-Mart to either support Mary-Kate and Ashley’s commitment to women’s rights, or tragically to shut them down."

They were tapped as the faces of upscale fashion line Badgley Mischka in 2006, in an attempt to gain credibility in the fashion industry after their association with Wal-Mart. They have also launched their own new couture fashion label "''The Row''" named after the famous Savile Row of London. The pair have also started a new line for The Row, entitled "''Elizabeth & James''", named after their siblings.

Mary-Kate and Ashley have been criticized by animal rights group PETA for their use of fur in their fashion line, The Row.

Personal lives

Mary-Kate and Ashley have an older brother, Trent, and younger sister, Elizabeth, as well as two half-siblings, Taylor (b. 1996) and Jake (b. 1997). The twins' parents divorced in 1995. Taylor and Jake are from their father's second marriage, to Martha Mackenzie-Olsen.

Mary-Kate and Ashley announced in 2004 that they would be attending college at New York University after graduating high school. In 2005, Mary-Kate moved back to California. She decided to stay on the West Coast and pursue more individualized work with their company, Dualstar. Ashley also left the university a couple months later.

In 2004, Mary-Kate checked into rehab in Utah for six weeks because she was suffering from the eating disorder anorexia nervosa. It was rumored that there was also a drug problem, but the Olsens' publicist said, "Mary-Kate was not admitted for drugs. Period." Mary-Kate put on about five to seven pounds immediately after her stint in rehab and pictures had shown that she may have gained more weight. However, Star magazine has, as of January 2007, released a cover story article on Mary Kate's, once again, very low weight. They claim she is at 80 pounds. Her spokesperson has denied the weight loss claiming "Mary-Kate has not lost weight. She is taking good care of herself."

In 2005, Mary-Kate ended her romance with Greek shipping heir Stavros Niarchos III. Mary-Kate said that the breakup was one of the main factors in her leave of absence from New York University. "I miss him and I love him," Mary-Kate said, "It's a hurtful and a painful subject." When asked if there was a specific reason for her leaving NYU, she replied, "I think we can all guess." The breakup and Niarchos's subsequent pairing with Paris Hilton led to a rift between Hilton and Mary-Kate. "[Paris and I] always only had nice things to say about each other," Olsen said. "Now I guess you can tell we're not talking."

In 2006, Ashley filed a US$40 million lawsuit against tabloid magazine ''National Enquirer'' for printing a headline reading "Ashley Olsen Caught In Drug Scandal," with a story accompanied by an unflattering photo of Ashley with her eyes half-closed. The lawsuit stated that the photo was clearly used to create a misrepresentation of Olsen under the influence of drugs. Ashley completely denies the accusations and said that she has not and does not use or sell illegal drugs. The suit consisted of US$20 million in libel damages and US$20 million in false light invasion of privacy damages. Per her suit, Ashley Olsen and her lawyers believe that "freedom of the press is a valuable right, but it is not a license for gossipy tabloids to tar and feather innocent celebrities and destroy their reputations and businesses for the rag's profits."

In 2008, Mary-Kate Olsen was caught up in the media-hype surrounding the death of Heath Ledger after Masseuse Diane Lee Wolozin, who had gone to the apartment to give Ledger a 15:00 massage and found his naked body in his bed, phoned the 21-year-old Olsen twice before calling the 911 emergency service. There is also speculation that Olsen was having a relationship with Ledger at the time of his death. Olsen released a statement through her publicist, stating, "Heath was a friend. His death is a tragic loss. My thoughts are with his family."

Selected filmography

: ''This section lists the filmography of the twins as a duo. See Mary-Kate Olsen for other productions in which she has appeared.''

Television
! Year(s)	! Title	! Mary-Kate's role	! Ashley's role	! Notes
1987–1995	''Full House''		Shared role
1998–1999		Mary-Kate Burke	Ashley Burke
2001–2002	''Mary-Kate and Ashley in Action!''	Misty (voice)	Amber (voice)	Animated series
2001–2002	''So Little Time''	Riley Carlson	Chloe Carlson
Video series
! Year	! Title	! Mary-Kate's role	! Ashley's role	! Notes
1994–1997	''The Adventures of Mary-Kate & Ashley''	Mary-Kate	Ashley
1995–2000	''You're Invited to Mary-Kate & Ashley's...''	Mary-Kate	Ashley
Films
! Year	! Title	! Mary-Kate's role	! Ashley's role	! Notes
1992	''To Grandmother's House We Go''	Sarah Thompson	Julie Thompson	TV movie
1993	''Double, Double, Toil and Trouble''	Kelly Farmer & Young Aunt Sophia	Lynn Farmer & Young Aunt Agatha	TV movie
	''How the West Was Fun''	Jessica Martin	Susie Martin	TV movie
	Twin #2	Twin #1	Minor roles
1995		Amanda Lemmon	Alyssa Callaway
1998	''Billboard Dad''	Tess Tyler	Emily Tyler
	''Switching Goals''	Sam Stanton	Emma Stanton	TV movie
''Passport to Paris''	Melanie Porter	Allyson Porter
2000		Maddie Parker	Abby Parker
	''Winning London''	Chloe Lawrence	Riley Lawrence
	Madison Stewart	Alex Stewart
	''Getting There''	Kylie Hunter	Taylor Hunter
	Charli Hunter	Leila Hunter
		Shane Dalton	Elizabeth Dalton
''Charlie's Angels: Full Throttle''	Future Angel	Future Angel	Uncredited cameo
2004		Roxy Ryan	Jane Ryan	Main Roles

See also

Brother For Sale

List of twins

Lizzie Olsen (actor)

References

Further reading

Olsen, Mary-Kate and Ashley Olsen, with Damon Romine. ''Mary-Kate and Ashley: Our Story: Mary-Kate & Ashley Olsen's Official Biography''. HarperEntertainment 2000. ISBN 0061075698.

Tracy, Kathleen. ''Mary-Kate and Ashley Olsen''. Mitchell Lane Publishers, 2003. ISBN 1584152567.

External links

Dualstar Entertainment Group Corporate Website

Category:1986 births Category:American child actors Category:American child singers Category:American female singers Category:American film actors Category:American television actors Category:American businesspeople Category:Actors from California Category:Celebrity duos Category:Living people Category:New York University alumni Category:People from the San Fernando Valley Category:People from Sherman Oaks, Los Angeles Category:Sibling duos

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