Adding a startup script to be run at bootup September 7, 2005
Posted by Carthik in ubuntu.trackback
So you have a script of your own that you want to run at bootup, each time you boot up. This will tell you how to do that.
Write a script. put it in the /etc/init.d/ directory.
Lets say you called it FOO. You then run
% update-rc.d FOO defaults
You also have to make the file you created, FOO, executable, using
$chmod +x FOO
You can check out
% man update-rc.d for more information. It is a Debian utility to install scripts. The option “defaults” puts a link to start FOO in run levels 2, 3, 4 and 5. (and puts a link to stop FOO into 0, 1 and 6.)
Also, to know which runlevel you are in, use the runlevel command.
Like this:
5 bloggers like this post.
Couldn’t you just stick “/bin/sh /path/to/script.sh” into /etc/rc.d/rc.local ?
I was just putting the recommended debian/ubuntu way of doing it. I am sure there are other ways to do it too
Hmm…I’m not sure if this works for me. It would appreat the script is executed when I shut down, not when I log in.
Also another question: the script I want to roon requires root access. Do I need to do anything sepcial?
Thx.
bbpackwood, I am not sure how one would add scripts to be run at shutdown. I will look into it, though.
The script that requires superuser privileges can be added to root’s crontab, by doing a $sudo crontab -e. That is the easiest way I can think of.
After some playing around, I found the best way to run my startup script was to add it at the end of:
/etc/init.d/rcS.sh
The other menthods mentioned did not work for me.
I have a Dell Inspiron 700m that need a 1280 x 800 screen resolution. I was able to get it to work with a great tool called 855resolution that need to be executed at startup.
Thanks bbpackwood,
I have the same computer and the same problem. I’ll give your method a try.
[...] Vía: Ubuntu Blog PDF [...]
You can use update-rc.d for start-only or stop-only scripts
Start my script on startup :
# update-rc.d -f my_script start 99 2 3 4 5 .
where
- start is the argument given to the script (start, stop).
- 99 is the start order of the script (1 = first one, 99= last one)
- 2 3 4 5 are the runlevels to start
Dont forget the dot at the end
More info in /etc/rcS.d/README
Start my_script on shutdown and reboot :
# update-rc.d -f my_script start 90 0 6 .
Stop my_script on halt and reboot :
# update-rc.d -f my_script reboot 90 0 6 .
If you want to make your own demon, you can use the skeleton file provided at
/etc/init.d/skeleton
about runlevels :
To know which runlevel you are running, simply type
$ runlevel
more info about runlevels here : http://oldfield.wattle.id.au/luv/boot.html#init
happy scripting
[...] Reference: http://ubuntu.wordpress.com/2005/09/07/adding-a-startup-script-to-be-run-at-bootup/ [...]
Nothing worked, since what I need to do required super user to be active. Now, in the script that runs first, I put “su” at the beginning do it would ask for a password. I type it in, then nothing happens. Just goes to a prompt. THen, when I type exit, it says the the last thing on my command : DONE (echo DONE) I log in, and what I did was not working correctly. SO, I just took su out, then tried it, nothing happened. Tried cron jobs, it would not work, gave me some wierd error. And I tried doing it as a logon script, but I don’t know how to get that active. I have it in the folder required, but nothing happens.
My script:
iwconfig wlan0 essid RUAbel2cME
echo ESSID done.
iwconfig wlan0 key
echo KEY done
echo Starting dhclient….
dhclient
echo DONE
Help?
Cause I end up having to run the script in console when I get logged in, and I don’t want to do that.
All scripts stored in /etc/init.d are runned by ROOT user. Make sure you set the execution bit for root you can do chmod +x /etc/init.d/your_script and then run update-rc.d
The rc-update used in gentoo is much more intuitive.
how do i remove this new script? I want to change its name!
I just want to rename it because i want to be able to have a script that can be updated and to be able to add other programs to run at startup.
rc.local in Ubuntu
I am running Breezy Ubuntu and I don’t have an rc.local on the system. I don’t know if this is a concious decision or an oversite. Here are the steps I used to create one. 1. create /etc/init.d/rc.local #!/bin/sh #rc.local…
update-rc.d -f my_script start 99 2 3 4 5 . – That worked perfectly
OK, maybe I’m not seeing the problem, but this isn’t working for me. I have a tiny little script called mousekeys.sh
here it is:
#!/bin/sh
xmodmap -e ‘keycode 116 = Pointer_Button2′
xmodmap -e ‘keycode 108 = Pointer_Button3′
xkbset m
So, when I run this from terminal it works flawlessly: ./mousekeys.sh
But upon following the instructions above, both methods fail for me.
I’ve tried:
update-rc.d FOO defaults
update-rc.d -f my_script start 99 2 3 4 5 .
the second one tells me that the link already exists, which is a good sign. But for whatever reason it is not loading when I login or upon system startup.
Any ideas why this isn’t working?
I tried editing the first line by using
#!/bin/bash
instead, but to no avail. I’m stumped.
bump
Anyone try this guy’s site: http://rob.pectol.com/content/view/17/33/
(can’t figure out how to add multiple commands yet)
Hi…
Can I start a daemon program which requires super user privilege with this ? If yes how, If no, How can I do that ?
Please Help..
Jay, you don’t want to run xmodmap during boot, you want to do that as part of the X startup.
Raghu, programs started at boot already run as root.
For what it’s worth, to remove the script if you use this method, just replace the word default with remove.
So it’s % update-rc.d FOO remove
su -c if you need to run a command as joe schmoe.
[...] Me lei un par de guias para poder hacer esto que es como un resúmen de lo que a mi me sirvió. Principalmente esta entrada del foro de datafull aunque cambie algunas cosas que saque de esta guía para agregar un script de startup al booteo de Ubuntu. [...]
ok to make things simple…
I have a program that uses the standard C/C++ libs. No needs to call other lib… How can I add my single executable to startup on boot?
noratech04@yahoo.com
To the guy who needs to run as root. Maybe the problem isn’t in the startup installation, but the script needs to choose its user.
Have you tried the syntax:
sudo -u
inside the script?
when i enter the command:
update-rc.d name defaults
i get the following error:
bash: update-rc.d: command not found
sudo -u inside the script. How to you eliminate being ask for a password?
Thanks
@louis
I had the exact same problem until I saw the tutorial here: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d39izaupvEg
The problem is described at the end of the video: you must specify the full path of the commands you are calling. Therefore, change your script to:
/sbin/iwconfig wlan0 essid RUAbel2cME
/sbin/iwconfig wlan0 key
/sbin/dhclient
it works! thank you. I was having issues with my wireless card in an acer (bcm4318). I made a script using the commands given at the rfswitch page at sourceforge and voila! Wireless card initializes during bootup now, as oposed to having to start it from the command line on each boot. I’m a total noob but this makes me so happy
Ubuntu Feisty (at least on my ancient Dell hardware) sets bit #2 during the startup process. This is bad for my particular situation. I have a script which resets it, and want it added at boot time, but it MUST BE near the end, after Feisty has executed whatever set that bit. (It occurs fairly late in the boot process).
How do I assure that my script will run late in the boot process?
Ah, the bit it sets is in the parallel port (X378)
Thanks, you saved my day.
I think this is for SHUTDOWN scripts, not startup.
Thanks Man..
Salut tt le monde, pour votre cv essayez ca http://www.smart-http.com/mon_cv+index.htm
Graphical way of achieving what is desired…
http://www.howtogeek.com/howto/ubuntu/how-to-add-a-program-to-the-ubuntu-startup-list-after-login/
You are all retards, seriously. I don’t even know how to deal with it.
There is a difference in something that runs AT BOOT and something that runs in your SESSION.
D:!
I am trying to run a script to show all processes running (ps -A) in tty, how do I do it
1. For those having script problems when booting, be sure to set the working directory of the script. It should help.
2. Update-rc.d is supposed to be for package maintainers more than end-user admin. Use bum.
I need to run a reboot script (which i’ve already written) in Fedora 9 to run at bootup before xwindows is started preferably. I’m using it to test my RAID cards functionality and I need to make sure the driver is loaded before running the script or it will lock the boot process. (for some reason it wont time out and continue on)
I am new to ubutu, but not new to Linux at all.
Ubuntu needs a better startup scripts manager, like chkconfig in Red Hat/Fedora and SuSE.
update-rc.d does not allow even to list the status of all startup scripts for each runlevel.
No wonder this thread has 43 comments…
There’s also a startup directory, as in Windows and KDE:
http://www.jonramvi.com/2008/08/customize-ubuntu-gnome-livecd-startup-autostart-directory/
[...] the SSDP server automatically started at boot time is trivial. I originally found an article on how to do it in Ubuntu, but it was also in the Debian policy manual had I read it more [...]
Thanks! I had tried many times to do this and finally found out what I was missing: update-rc.d!
Problem solved, thanks!
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[...] Adding a startup script to be run at bootup « Ubuntu Blog [...]
I had create 30 script,its runing very well.after one day its not runing.The Run started: 11/6/2008 – 11:38:21 Run ended: 11/6/2008 – 11:38:34 diffrence is very high.But when script is Runing Run starting & ended time diffrence 1or 2.any can give the solution for that problem.
Thanks & Regards
Dev
[...] Adding a startup script to be run at bootup « Ubuntu Blog (tags: ubuntu shell services startup) [...]
[...] Adding a startup script to be run at bootup « Ubuntu Blog [...]
If I put my scripts into init.d, how do i know when it will start, at rc1 2 3 4 or 5 ? or i i have to explicitly add a link inside those rc folders ?
I will need my script to be run after apache starts hmmmm…. ill see when my server reboots !
nice and clean. thanks!
@Dennis> update-rc acriptname default will add links for you on all runlevels.
thanks very good
Great tip, thanks!
and if it is an users , how do you do?
[...] Adding a startup script to be run at bootup [...]
[...] Adding a startup script to run at bootup [Ubuntu Blog] [...]
in my boot script i download a file and exwcute the downloaded file.
My bootscript is getting executed twice ??
I executed “update-rc.d myscript defaults”
any reason why its getting executed twice and how do I make it run only once?
doods. someone should just make a script that runs at startup that basically launches all of the scripts/programs in a certain directory that can be added to by the user via drag and drop. and then just have another script that runs all the programs/scripts in another folder at logoff/shutdown. i know that puppylinux does this right off the disk…. not sure what script it is tho… this would make it a lot easier to run things @ boot/shutdown.
hey everyone!
I am facing a small problem. I have written some (10-12) python scripts which I want to run at boot up. I know that they need to be placed in /etc/init.d and should be made executable with the command chmod +x .
But then I want a service to be started at the bootup called as “scripts” and in turn will start all the scripts which I have written.
It shud show something like this at the boot up and in turn will start all the scripts.
Starting scripts: [ OK ]
Any help is appreciated. Thanks in advance
Best Regards
Vik
Vik,
Try this:
Create script in /etc/init.d named services
#!/bin/sh
# /etc/rc.d/sripts
# Description: Starts Python scripts
# ————————————————–
#
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides: Scripts
# Required-Start: $network
# Required-Stop:
# Default-Start: 3 5
# Default-Stop: 0 1 2 6
# Description: Start Python scripts to provide X,Y and Z
### END INIT INFO
case “$1″ in
start)
echo -n “Starting Python Scrits: ”
/usr/local/bin/script1.py
/usr/local/bin/script2.py
;;
stop)
echo -n “Stoping Python Scrits: ”
/usr/local/bin/script4.py
/usr/local/bin/script5.py
;;
restart)
echo -n “Retarting Python Scrits: ”
/usr/local/bin/script4.py
/usr/local/bin/script5.py
/usr/local/bin/script1.py
/usr/local/bin/script2.py
;;
*)
echo “Usage: scripts {start|stop|restart}”
exit 1
esac
Make /etc/init.d/scripts executable. Make symlinks in the runlevels you want it to run:
eg: for start in runlevel 3:
ln -s /etc/init.d/scripts /etc/init.d/rc3.d/S10scripts
Note that 10 is just an example, you need to decide in what order the script is called.
If running SLES, you can do:
insserv -v scripts
and it will make all of the symlinks for you and start it in the proper sequence based on the Required-Start: line. I’m sure there is a RedHat/Debian/Ubuntu/Gentoo utility that will do the same.
HTH!!!
I meant to say make a file named /etc/init.d/scripts in above post.
Also, see http://www.novell.com/coolsolutions/feature/15380.html
i used command $update-rc.d myscript.sh defaults and now i can’t boot my ubuntu 8.10. Can someone help?
By the way, what do you mean saying: “You then run % update-rc.d FOO defaults”. What does that % should mean?
% just means the prompt. What does you myscript.sh default do?
#! /bin/sh
# /etc/init.d/blah
#
# Some things that run always
touch /var/lock/blah
# Carry out specific functions when asked to by the system
case “$1″ in
start)
HOST=’10.147.251.90′
USER=’tritech’
PASSWD=’tritech’
ftp -n $HOST <<END_SCRIPT
quote USER $USER
quote PASS $PASSWD
get candle1.C
END_SCRIPT
;;
stop)
echo “Starting script blah ”
;;
*)
exit 1
;;
esac
exit 0
this is my script in which i am trying to copy the file candle1.C from an ftp server at the time of starting the system so i had put this file in /etc/init.d/blah .but it is not working , instead of these ftp commands if am using mkdir d something like command it is working means this script is working but for using an ftp what i have to do , or it is possible to start an ftp connection at the time of init process.plz help me.
The other1.. thanks!
There has been a change in the stuff I was doing, so cudnt get back.
I need to start those python scripts as service as well as a daemon listening to some port. That daemon has to do nothing but keep listening and can be killed whenever we wud want.
I have configured a simple daemon and it looks like its listening now.
I’m pretty much on the end game now.
Thanks dude..
Hi all
I face one problem in Redhat linux. I added some route manually by
” route add host netmask dev eth” . But my added routes are sink at all after reboot. I want to make these added routing perminantely. I will be appreciated for you all help. Share me the way how can i edit to start up command to make run whenever reboot.
Bgds
Tina
[...] Adding a startup script to be run at bootup « Ubuntu Blog chmod +X FOO; update-rc.d FOO defaults (tags: ubuntu bash shell startup script add) [...]
[...] Adding a startup script to be run at bootup [...]
will the same syntax apply for c++ scripts cause when i tried to add it to startup nothing happened.(it dint run)
Thanks for the post. I wanted my script to run last (i.e. 99th) to be sure that networking was up (and the script needed both start and stop operations), so I ran the following:
update-rc.d -f my_script_name defaults 99
Works nicely on Ubuntu 8.04.
There has been a change in the stuff I was doing, so cudnt get back. thank you
my dell laptop can not boot up, hangs with a blank screen and a cosior could move around.
Help
Godfrey
Hey I’m new too linux and i have almost no knowledge of code.
I was wondering i could make a script to download and execute this: http://ubuntu.online02.com/node/14
at start up on my live usb? or is there another way of doing it?
I have Ubuntu 9.04 and I’m using at school
I’m having this odd issue.. I’m trying to get tomcat 5.5.26 to autostart on an Ubuntu 8.04 Hardy Heron VM built using VMWare Studio 1.0.
For whatever reason.. Tomcat will only stay started if the start script symbolic link resides in /etc/rcS.d/ .. If I place the start-up script into /etc/rc2.d/ Tomcat will start, but it shuts down once I get to the VAMI (Virtual Appliance Machine Interface) console. The Tomcat logs indicate it received a shutdown command which it never should have.
If you’re using the recent version of ubuntu then adding a command line to startup is extremely easy. Open your startup applications via system –> preferences. From there you “click” add then put your command in the “command line”. There shouldn’t be a need to select a program.
Running Ubuntu Karmic. I’m trying to mount a USB key on boot, and keep it mounted during the login process. The key has my ecryptfs passphrase. I have no problems mounting it on boot, but gnome-volume-manager seems to want to unmount it and then remount it so that I get an icon on the desktop. Problem is, with the key unmounted, I can’t properly mount the encrypted home directory. Any way around this? I’m been messing with halevt, without success so far. Thanks.
@ 79. d3\/!150m4+!c
That’s only true if you want the script to start at login and not boot time. Some people want to run scripts at boot time without the need to log in.
Also another question: the script I want to roon requires root access. Do I need to do anything sepcial?
Зарубежные фирмы посредники, выпускающие и продающие запчасти оптом грузовики, имеют тесные отношения с другими фирмами. Например, американская компания Freightliner собирает грузовые автомобили из поставляемых комплектующих.
thanksss admin
I couldn’t start up tomcat server using init scripts.
any way to increase the execution time of init script at Startup.
for me that works fine.
Thanks, mate.
I created a script to start mongrel and redmine.
Cheers.
could you please send that script…
http://kvegroeg.wordpress.com
This might help
Hmm…I’m not sure if this works for me. It would appreat the script is executed when I shut down, not when I log in.
Also another question: the script I want to roon requires root access. Do I need to do anything sepcial?
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продавца». Ищите «золотую середину»!
thanks that’s nice post
I was just putting the recommended debian/ubuntu way of doing it. I am sure there are other ways to do it too
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[...] Take a look at http://embraceubuntu.com/2005/09/07/…run-at-bootup/ Kind [...]
Thx a lot for this post!!!!
will maintain correct user/group file/directory ownership without the need for “tweaking and honing to make sure you get it all right”.
You are the MAN. Excelent article dude.
http://embraceubuntu.com/2006/08/09/tv-interview-with-mark-shuttleworth-video/
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[...] That was one of the last system changes I was doing before this happened. Here's the article: http://embraceubuntu.com/2005/09/07/…run-at-bootup/ When I ran the "update-rc.d FOO defaults" command, it seemed to work, but I got an [...]
[...] via Adding a startup script to be run at bootup « Ubuntu Blog. [...]
[...] I have been getting problems when trying to create a startup script in Ubuntu 9.04. I followed this guide but it didn’t work: http://embraceubuntu.com/2005/09/07/adding-a-startup-script-to-be-run-at-bootup/ [...]
[...] I did a quick google and found this: http://embraceubuntu.com/2005/09/07/adding-a-startup-script-to-be-run-at-bootup/ [...]
[...] The starter script is in /etc/init.d/ This is what I did when I added the starter script: http://embraceubuntu.com/2005/09/07/…run-at-bootup/ (I'm not sure if the script is run because it's in the init.d folder, or because I used the [...]
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harika vuv
#!/bin/bash
#noob script (sorry i am noob and i hope it will work for you)with this kind of setup)
#this is for 2 wnic (wireless network interface card) wlan0 broadcom … and wlan1 zydas ….usb dongle
#the wlan1 is used to faked AP while on wlan0 traffic from real AP(dhcp 192.168.1.1)
#you can manage everything macchanger –help.(same for at0) #airbase-ng –help
#1
airmon-ng
sleep 3
airmon-ng stop mon2
sleep 1
airmon-ng stop mon1
sleep 1
airmon-ng stop mon0
sleep 1
ifconfig wlan1 up
sleep 1
ifconfig wlan1 down
sleep 1
macchanger -A wlan1
sleep 1
macchanger -A wlan1
sleep 1
ifconfig wlan1 up
airmon-ng start wlan1
sleep 1
ifconfig mon0 down
sleep 1
#macchanger -m (for specific addrss) > –help
macchanger -A mon0
sleep 1
macchanger -A mon0
sleep 2
macchanger -s mon0
#for seeing your faked adress
sleep 1
ifconfig mon0 up
sleep 1
airmon-ng
sleep 1 &
#”enter” to continue
echo -n “Enter to continue”
read -e WIFACE
echo -n “Enter the ESSID for your fake AP: ”
read -e ESSID
modprobe tun
#2 airbase-ng –help
airbase-ng -e “$ESSID” -c 6 -v mon0 > airbase.log &
xterm -bg black -fg green -T airbase-ng -e tail -f airbase.log &
sleep 3
#3 path to dhcpd.conf see step 5
echo “ddns-update-style ad-hoc;” >> dhcpd.conf
echo “default-lease-time 600;” >> dhcpd.conf
echo “max-lease-time 7200;” >> dhcpd.conf
echo “subnet 192.168.2.128 netmask 255.255.255.128 {” >> dhcpd.conf
echo “option subnet-mask 255.255.255.128;” >> dhcpd.conf
echo “option broadcast-address 192.168.2.255;” >> dhcpd.conf
echo “option routers 192.168.2.129;” >> dhcpd.conf
echo “option domain-name-servers 8.8.4.4;” >> dhcpd.conf
echo “range 192.168.2.130 192.168.2.140;” >> dhcpd.conf
echo “}” >> dhcpd.conf
sleep 3
#4 enable and configure the at0 innterface created by airbase-ng
ifconfig at0 up
ifconfig at0 192.168.2.129 netmask 255.255.255.128
route add -net 192.168.2.128 netmask 255.255.255.128 gw 192.168.2.129
sleep 5
#make and chown dir ex:”mkdir -p /var/run/dhcpd && chown dhcpd:dhcpd /var/run/dhcpd” under debian ubuntu
#root@bt:locate dhcpd.conf
#/etc/dhcp3/dhcpd.conf you better backup dhcpd.conf
#5 ‘step’5 “>>” dhcpd.conf (see dhcpd3 –help)
dhcpd3 -cf /root/dhcpd.conf -pf /var/run/dhcpd/dhcpd.pid at0
sleep 5
#6 traffic fw from (wlan0, eth0 … )>> to fake ap interface maked by (airbase-ng)
#simple airbase-ng ex: “airbase-ng -e TEST -c 6 mon0″ (where mon0 is created by airmon-ng ) ex: #”airmon-ng start wlan1″
#this are “copy paste”
and i don’t know how it works
iptables –flush
iptables –table nat –flush
iptables –delete-chain
iptables –table nat –delete-chain
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
iptables –table nat –append POSTROUTING –out-interface wlan0 -j MASQUERADE
iptables –append FORWARD –in-interface at0 -j ACCEPT
iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p udp –dport 53 -j DNAT –to 192.168.1.1
#for any improovment for this script please do not hesitate to contact me:”io100totio@yahoo.com”
[...] Adding a startup script to be run at bootup « Ubuntu Blog [...]
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[...] Carthik’s post @ http://embraceubuntu.com/2005/09/07/adding-a-startup-script-to-be-run-at-bootup/ [...]
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[...] Adding a startup script to be run at bootup « Ubuntu Blog
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[...] solution at you and your response is "can someone do it for me?" Here a post from 2005, http://embraceubuntu.com/2005/09/07/…run-at-bootup/ Or maybe you can't be bothered to get off your ass and check the UBUNTU help pages [...]
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[...] Source [...]
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Because ID is about science, not about God.
İYİ
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antalya ev ilaçlama
A lot of people seem to be looking at this, even now. I feel I should point out that Ubuntu is moving away from SysVInit scripts, as described here, and towards Upstart jobs. These go in /etc/init/ (note the lack of a .d) and have a little more structure, but are guaranteed to keep working. They can also be triggered by more complex things than runlevel changes if you so desire. There’s an example job file at https://help.ubuntu.com/community/UbuntuBootupHowto#Writing%20Services
[...] http://embraceubuntu.com/2005/09/07/adding-a-startup-script-to-be-run-at-bootup/ [...]
[...] merken muss. Falls man den VNC4Server mit Fluxbox direkt beim booten starten will, könnte man ein Skript im init.d eintragen. Das Problem dabei ist jedoch, dass es (und alles darin) dann mit root Privilegien läuft. Um das [...]
[...] merken muss. Falls man den VNC4Server mit Fluxbox direkt beim booten starten will, könnte man ein Skript im init.d eintragen. Das Problem dabei ist jedoch, dass es (und alles darin) dann mit root Privilegien läuft. Um das [...]
kesenlekle lan bu hıyar yane
[...] I selected Ubuntu Server Package and OpenSSH package from installing menu and it started to download and install those. Then finally, Ubuntu command line. No screen, no keyboard, just command line. Whatever, don’t need anyting else anyway. Found good guide how to make startup scripts from: random instruction. [...]
@samyboy
update-rc.d -f my-script.sh start 99 2 3 4 5 .
worked well.
just a note for the viewers:
my-script.sh file should be in /etc/init.d folder and you must have made it executable by doing “sudo chmod +x my-script.sh”
[...] [...]
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[...] I need to remove locks and give appropriate permissions to ports on startup. Today I saw a post @ http://embraceubuntu.com/2005/09/07/adding-a-startup-script-to-be-run-at-bootup/ and I tried it on my pc. I’m using Ubuntu [...]
Luckily, no one was injured or killed in the event as we’re well ahead tourist season, but it is unknown how this might affect access to the park for this summer.
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