Events

41 – Gaius Caesar (Caligula), known for his eccentricity and cruel despotism, is assassinated by his disgruntled Praetorian Guards. Claudius succeeds his nephew.

1438 – The Council of Basel suspends Pope Eugene IV as Prelate of Ethiopia, arrives at Massawa from Goa.

1679 – King Charles II of England dissolves the Cavalier Parliament.

1742 – Charles VII Albert becomes Holy Roman Emperor.

1848 – California Gold Rush: James W. Marshall finds gold at Sutter's Mill near Sacramento.

1857 – The University of Calcutta is formally founded as the first fully-fledged university in south Asia.

1859 – Political union of Moldavia and Wallachia; Alexandru Ioan Cuza is elected as ruler.

1862 – Bucharest is proclaimed capital of Romania.

1878 – The revolutionary Vera Zasulich shoots at Fyodor Trepov, the Governor of Saint Petersburg.

1916 – In ''Brushaber v. Union Pacific Railroad'', the Supreme Court of the United States declares the federal income tax constitutional.

1918 – The Gregorian calendar is introduced in Russia by decree of the Council of People's Commissars effective February 14(NS)

1939 – The deadliest earthquake in Chilean history strikes Chillán.

1942 – World War II: The Allies bombard Bangkok, leading Thailand to declare war against the United States and United Kingdom.

1943 – World War II: Franklin D. Roosevelt and Winston Churchill conclude a conference in Casablanca.

1947 – Greek banker Dimitrios Maximos becomes Prime Minister of Greece.

1960 – Algerian War: Some units of European volunteers in Algiers stage an insurrection known as the "barricades week", during which they seize government buildings and clash with local police.

1961 – 1961 Goldsboro B-52 crash: A bomber carrying two H-bombs breaks up in mid-air over North Carolina. The uranium core of one weapon remains lost.

1966 – An Air India Boeing 707 jet crashes on Mont Blanc, on the border between France and Italy, killing 117.

1972 – Japanese Sgt. Shoichi Yokoi is found hiding in a Guam jungle, where he had been since the end of World War II.

1977 – Massacre of Atocha in Madrid, during the Spanish transition to democracy.

1978 – Soviet satellite Cosmos 954, with a nuclear reactor onboard, burns up in Earth's atmosphere, scattering radioactive debris over Canada's Northwest Territories. Only 1% is recovered.

1984 – The first Apple Macintosh goes on sale.

1986 – Voyager 2 passes within of Uranus.

1990 – Japan launches Hiten, the country's first lunar probe, the first robotic lunar probe since the Soviet Union's Luna 24 in 1976, and the first lunar probe launched by a country other than Soviet Union or the United States.

1993 – Turkish journalist and writer Uğur Mumcu is assassinated by a car bomb in Ankara.

1996 – Polish Premier Józef Oleksy resigns amid charges that he spied for Moscow.

2003 – The United States Department of Homeland Security officially begins operation.

2009 – The storm Klaus makes landfall near Bordeaux, France. It subsequently would cause 26 deaths as well as extensive disruptions to public transport and power supplies.

2011 – At least 35 died and 180 injured in a bombing at Moscow's Domodedovo airport.

Births

3 BC – Galba, Roman Emperor (d. 69)

76 – Hadrian, Roman Emperor (d. 138)

1287 – Richard Aungerville, English bishop (d. 1345)

1444 – Galeazzo Maria Sforza, Duke of Milan (d. 1476)

1540 – Edmund Campion, English Jesuit (d. 1581)

1638 – Charles Sackville, 6th Earl of Dorset, English poet (d. 1706)

1670 – William Congreve, English playwright (d. 1729)

1674 – Thomas Tanner, English bishop (d. 1735)

1679 – Christian Wolff, German philosopher (d. 1754)

1705 – Farinelli, Italian castrato (d. 1782)

1712 – King Frederick II of Prussia (d. 1786)

1724 – Frances Brooke, English writer (d. 1789)

1732 – Pierre-Augustin Caron de Beaumarchais, French playwright (d. 1799)

1742 – Anne, Duchess of Cumberland and Strathearn (d. 1808)

1746 – King Gustav III of Sweden (d. 1792)

1752 – Muzio Clementi, Italian composer (d. 1832)

1754 – Andrew Ellicott, American surveyor (d. 1820)

1763 – Louis Alexandre Andrault de Langeron, Russian general (d. 1831)

1776 – E.T.A. Hoffmann, German writer (d. 1822)

1779 – Tsarina Elizabeth Alexeievna (d. 1826)

1848 – Vasily Surikov, Russian painter (d. 1916)

1862 – Edith Wharton, American writer (d. 1937)

1864 – Marguerite Durand, French suffragette (d. 1936)

1872 – Konstantin Bogaevsky, Russian painter (d. 1943)

1872 – Ethel Turner, Australian author (d. 1958)

1886 – Henry King, American film director (d. 1982)

1888 – Vicki Baum, Austrian writer (d. 1960)

1888 – Ernst Heinkel, German aircraft designer (d. 1958)

1891 – Walter Model, German field marshal (d. 1945)

1895 – Eugen Roth, German writer (d. 1976)

1898 – Cliff Heathcote, American baseball player (d. 1939)

1900 – Theodosius Dobzhansky, Ukrainian-born American geneticist and biologist (d. 1975)

1901 – Harry Calder, South African cricketer (d. 1995)

1901 – Edward Turner, English motorcycle designer (d. 1973)

1902 – E. A. Speiser, American biblical scholar (d. 1965)

1905 – J. Howard Marshall, American billionaire (d. 1995)

1907 – Maurice Couve de Murville, French politician (d. 1999)

1909 – Martin Lings, English Islamic scholar (d. 2005)

1909 – Ann Todd, English actress (d. 1993)

1910 – Doris Haddock, American political activist (d. 2010)

1911 – Muir Mathieson, Scottish conductor and composer (d. 1975)

1913 – Norman Dello Joio, American composer (d. 2008)

1915 – Robert Motherwell, American painter (d. 1991)

1916 – Jack Brickhouse, American sports broadcaster (d. 1998)

1916 – Rafael Caldera, President of Venezuela (d. 2009)

1916 – Arnoldo Foà, Italian actor

1917 – Ernest Borgnine, American actor

1918 – Oral Roberts, American evangelist (d. 2009)

1919 – Coleman Francis, American film director (d. 1973)

1920 – Jerry Maren, American actor

1922 – Charles Socarides, American psychiatrist (d. 2005)

1923 – Vlado Kristl, Croatian painter and filmmaker (d. 2004)

1925 – Maria Tallchief, American ballerina

1926 – Georges Lautner, French director and screenwriter

1927 – Sir Patrick Macnaghten, 11th Baronet, British aristocrat (d. 2007)

1928 – Desmond Morris, British anthropologist

1928 – Michel Serrault, French actor (d. 2007)

1930 – Bernard Matthews, British poultry industry figure (d. 2010)

1934 – Stanisław Grochowiak, Polish poet (d. 1976)

1935 – Eric Ashton, English rugby league footballer (d. 2008)

1936 – William Bogert, American actor

1936 – Doug Kershaw, American musician

1939 – Ray Stevens, American musician

1941 – Neil Diamond, American singer

1941 – Aaron Neville, American singer

1942 – Gary Hart, American professional wrestling figure (d. 2008)

1943 – Subhash Ghai, Indian film director

1943 – Peter Struck, German politician

1943 – Sharon Tate, American actress and Manson murder victim (d. 1969)

1944 – Klaus Nomi, German singer (d. 1983)

1945 – D. Todd Christofferson, American religious figure

1945 – John Garamendi, American politician

1946 – Michael Ontkean, Canadian actor

1946 – Haji, Canadian actress

1947 – Michio Kaku, Japanese-born American theoretical physicist

1947 – Masashi Ozaki, Japanese golfer

1947 – Warren Zevon, American musician (d. 2003)

1948 – Michael Des Barres, British actor and rock singer

1949 – John Belushi, American actor (d. 1982)

1950 – Daniel Auteuil, French actor

1950 – Gennifer Flowers, American actress, political figure

1950 – Benjamin Urrutia, Ecuadorian-born American writer

1951 – Yakov Smirnoff, Ukrainian-born American comedian

1954 – Jo Gartner, Austrian racing driver (d. 1986)

1955 – Jim Montgomery, American swimmer

1956 – Hanne Krogh, Norwegian singer (Bobbysocks)

1956 – Lounès Matoub, Algerian Berber Kabyle singer (d. 1998)

1957 – Mark Eaton, American basketball player

1957 – Adrian Edmondson, English comedian

1958 – Neil Allen, American baseball player

1958 – Jools Holland, English musician

1959 – David Mills, American author

1959 – Vic Reeves, English comedian

1960 – Rick Leventhal, American television news correspondent

1960 – Jack Neo, Singaporean filmmaker & actor

1961 – Guido Buchwald, German football player

1961 – Nastassja Kinski, German-born actress

1961 – Vince Russo, American writer

1961 – William Van Dijck, Belgian athlete

1962 – Argiris Kambouris, Greek basketball player

1963 – Martyn Grimley, English field hockey player

1963 – Arnold Vanderlyde, Dutch boxer

1965 – Mike Awesome, American professional wrestler (d. 2007)

1965 – Carlos Saldanha, Brazilian film director

1966 – Jimeoin, Northern Irish comedian

1967 – Mark Kozelek, American singer/songwriter (Red House Painters, Sun Kil Moon)

1967 – Phil LaMarr, American actor,comedian,and voice actor

1967 – John Myung, American musician (Dream Theater)

1968 – Michael Kiske, German musician

1968 – Mary Lou Retton, American gymnast

1969 – Hilmir Snær Guðnason, Icelandic actor

1970 – Matthew Lillard, American actor

1971 – Cory Bailey, American baseball player

1971 – Andrea Mackris, American television producer

1972 – Naoshi Mizuta, Japanese composer

1972 – Daan Schuurmans, Dutch actor

1972 – Ulla Werbrouck, Belgian judoka and politician

1974 – Adam Dean, American philosopher

1974 – Ed Helms, American actor

1975 – Isobel Cooper, English singer

1975 – Rónald Gómez, Costa Rican footballer

1976 – Shae-Lynn Bourne, Canadian ice dancer

1976 – Cindy Pieters, Belgian cyclist

1977 – Kensuke Kita, Japanese guitarist (Asian Kung-Fu Generation)

1979 – Tatyana Ali, American actress and singer

1979 – Leandro Desábato, Argentine footballer

1979 – Tom Kostopoulos, Canadian ice hockey player

1980 – Rocky Boiman, American football player

1980 – Nicole Marie Lenz, American actress

1981 – Travis Hanson, American baseball player

1981 – Michael Wolf, German ice hockey player

1982 – Fiona Xie, Singaporean actress

1983 – Diane Birch, American singer/songwriter/pianist

1983 – Wyatt Crockett, New Zealand rugby player

1983 – Shaun Maloney, Scottish footballer

1983 – Scott Speed, American race car driver

1984 – Scott Kazmir, American baseball player

1984 – Witold Kiełtyka, Polish drummer (Decapitated) (d. 2007)

1984 – Paulo Sérgio, Portuguese footballer

1986 – Mischa Barton, English-born American actress

1986 – Raviv Ullman, Israeli-born American actor

1987 – Luis Suárez, Uruguayan footballer

1988 – Jade Ewen, English singer

1989 – Calvin Goldspink, English singer/actor (S Club 8, S Club Juniors, I Dream)

1990 – Mao Abe, Japanese singer-songwriter

1995 – Callan McAuliffe, Australian actor

Deaths

41 – Caligula, Emperor of Rome (b. 12)

772 – Pope Stephen III (b. 720)

1002 – Otto III, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 980)

1125 – David IV of Georgia (b. 1073)

1366 – Alfonso IV of Aragon (b. 1299)

1376 – Richard FitzAlan, 10th Earl of Arundel, English military leader

1473 – Conrad Paumann, German composer

1595 – Ferdinand II of Austria (b. 1529)

1626 – Samuel Argall, English adventurer and naval officer (b. 1580)

1639 – Georg Jenatsch, Swiss politician (b. 1596)

1666 – Johann Andreas Herbst, German composer (b. 1588)

1709 – George Rooke, English admiral (b. 1650)

1769 – François de Chevert, French general (b. 1695)

1856 – Rabbi Yechezkel of Kuzmir, Polish Hasidic leader (b. 1775)

1877 – Johann Christian Poggendorff, German physicist (b. 1796)

1882 – Levi Boone, Mayor of Chicago (b. 1808)

1883 – Friedrich von Flotow, German composer (b. 1812)

1895 – Lord Randolph Churchill, British politician (b. 1849)

1911 – David Graham Phillips, American journalist and novelist (b. 1867)

1918 – George Arthur Crump, Founder of the Pine Valley Golf Club in Clementon NJ (b. 1871)

1920 – Amedeo Modigliani, Italian painter and sculptor (b. 1884)

1924 – Marie-Adélaïde, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg (b. 1894)

1932 – Alfred Yarrow, English shipbuilder (b. 1842)

1936 – Harry T. Morey, American actor (b. 1873)

1939 – Maximilian Bircher-Benner, Swiss physician and nutritionist (b. 1867)

1943 – John Burns, English politician (b. 1858)

1948 – Maria Mandel, Camp Leader at Auschwitz (b. 1912)

1955 – Ira Hayes, American World War II hero (b. 1923)

1960 – Arthur Murray Chisholm, author of Western fiction (b. 1872)

1960 – Edwin Fischer, Swiss pianist and conductor (b. 1886)

1961 – Alfred Carlton Gilbert, American pole vaulter and inventor (b. 1884)

1962 – André Lhote, French painter (b. 1885)

1962 – Stanley Lord, captain of the SS Californian the night of the Titanic disaster (b. 1877)

1965 – Winston Churchill, soldier, politician, historian, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom and Nobel laureate (b. 1874)

1966 – Homi J. Bhabha, Indian physicist (b. 1909)

1970 – Caresse Crosby, American poet (b. 1891)

1971 – William Griffith "Bill" Wilson, American co-founder of Alcoholics Anonymous (b. 1895)

1973 – J. Carrol Naish, American actor (b. 1897)

1973 – Masao Ohba, world champion Japanese boxer (b. 1949)

1975 – Larry Fine, American actor and comedian (b. 1902)

1978 – Herta Oberheuser, German doctor (b. 1911)

1980 – Lil Dagover, Dutch-born German actress (b. 1887)

1982 – Alfredo Ovando Candía, Bolivian president and dictator (b. 1918)

1983 – George Cukor, American film director (b. 1899)

1986 – L. Ron Hubbard, American writer and founder of Scientology (b. 1911)

1986 – Flo Hyman, American volleyball player (b. 1954)

1986 – Gordon MacRae, American actor and singer (b. 1921)

1988 – Werner Fenchel, German mathematician (b. 1905)

1989 – Ted Bundy, American serial killer (b. 1946)

1989 – George Knudson, Canadian golfer (b. 1937)

1990 – Madge Bellamy, American actress (b. 1899)

1991 – John M. Kelly, Irish politician and academic (b. 1931)

1992 – Ken Darby, American composer, arranger and conductor (b. 1909)

1992 – Ricky Ray Rector, American murderer (b. 1950)

1993 – Thurgood Marshall, U.S. Supreme Court Justice (b. 1908)

1993 – Uğur Mumcu, Turkish journalist and writer (b. 1942)

1994 – Yves Navarre, French writer (b. 1940)

1998 – Walter D. Edmonds, American author (b. 1903)

2000 – Bobby Duncum, Jr., American professional wrestler (b. 1965)

2002 – Peter Gzowski, Canadian broadcaster, writer and reporter (b. 1934)

2002 – Elie Hobeika, Lebanese Forces militia commander (b. 1956)

2003 – Gianni Agnelli, Italian auto executive (b. 1921)

2004 – Leônidas da Silva, Brazilian footballer (b. 1913)

2005 – June Bronhill, Australian singer (b. 1929)

2005 – Vladimir Savchenko, Ukrainian writer (b. 1933)

2005 – Chalkie White, English rugby union coach (b. 1929)

2006 – Schafik Handal, Salvadoran politician (b. 1930)

2006 – Fayard Nicholas, American tap dancer, one-half of The Nicholas Brothers (b. 1914)

2006 – Chris Penn, American actor (b. 1965)

2007 – Krystyna Feldman, Polish actress (b. 1916)

2007 – Guadalupe Larriva, Ecuadorian politician (b. 1956)

2007 – Emiliano Mercado del Toro, World's oldest military veteran (b. 1891)

2008 – Randy Salerno, co-anchor of Chicago's CBS 2 News (b. 1963)

2009 – Gérard Blanc, French singer (b. 1947)

2009 – Reg Gutteridge, British boxing journalist (b. 1924)

2009 – Kay Yow, North Carolina State Univ. women's basketball head coach (b. 1942)

2010 – Pernell Roberts, American actor & singer, last surviving star of Bonanza (b. 1928)

2011 – Bernd Eichinger, German film producer and director (b. 1949)

2011 – Pandit Bhimsen Joshi, Indian Musician, Bharat Ratna Laureate (b. 1922)

Holidays and observances

Christian Feast Day:

*Cadoc (Wales)

*Francis de Sales

*January 24 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)

Earliest day on which Saturday of Souls can fall, while February 27 (or 28 during Leap Year) is the latest; observed 57 days before Easter. (Eastern Orthodox)

Feast of Our Lady of Peace (Roman Catholic Church), and its related observances:

*''Feria de Alasitas'' (La Paz)

First day of the Sementivae, in honor of Ceres and Terra (Roman Empire)

Unification Day (Romania)

External links

BBC: On This Day

On this day in Canada

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Category:Days of the year Category:January

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Coordinates	41°52′55″N87°37′40″N
Name	Gerald Celente
Birth date	November 29, 1946
Birth place	The Bronx, New York City, New York, U.S.
Occupation	Trend forecaster
Nationality	American
Ethnicity	White
Parents	}}

Gerald Celente (born November 29, 1946) is an American trend forecaster, publisher of the ''Trends Journal'', business consultant and author who makes predictions about the global financial markets and other events of historical importance. Celente has described himself as a "political atheist" and "citizen of the world". He has appeared as a guest on television news shows such as ''The Oprah Winfrey Show'', ''The Today Show'', ''Good Morning America'', ''CBS Morning News'', ''The Glenn Beck Show'', ''NBC Nightly News'', ''The Alex Jones Show'', ''The Jeff Rense Show'' and ''Russia Today''.''

Background

Celente was born in The Bronx, New York City, New York. He had early political experience running a mayoral campaign in Yonkers, New York and served as executive assistant to the secretary of the New York State Senate, which Celente called the worst job he ever had. From 1973 to 1979 Celente traveled between Chicago and Washington D.C. as a government affairs specialist. In 1980 Celente founded The Trends Research Institute (at first called the Socio-Economic Research Institute of America), now located in Kingston, New York, publisher of the ''Trends Journal'' which forecasts and analyzes business, socioeconomic, political, and other trends.

Forecasting

His forecasts since 1993 have included predictions about terrorism, economic collapses and war. More recent forecasts involve fascism in the United States, food riots and tax revolts. Celente has long predicted global anti-Americanism, a failing economy and immigration woes in the U.S. In December 2007 Celente wrote, "Failing banks, busted brokerages, toppled corporate giants, bankrupt cities, states in default, foreign creditors cashing out of US securities ... whatever the spark, the stage is set for panic in the streets" and "Just as the Twin Towers collapsed from the top down, so too will the U.S. economy ... when the giant firms fall, they’ll crush the man on the street." He has also predicted tax revolts. In November 2008 Celente appeared on Fox Business Network and predicted economic depression, tax rebellions and food riots in the United States by 2012. Celente also predicted an "economic 9/11" and a "panic of 2008."

In 2009 Celente predicted turmoil which he described as "Obamageddon" and he was a popular guest on conservative cable-TV shows such as ''Fox News Sunday'' and Glenn Beck's television program. In April 2009 Celente wrote, "Wall Street controls our financial lives; the media manipulates our minds. These systems cannot be changed from within. There is no alternative. Without a revolution, these institutions will bankrupt the country, keep fighting failed wars, start new ones, and hold us in perpetual intellectual subjugation." He appeared on the ''Glenn Beck'' show and criticized the U.S. stimulus plan of 2009, calling government controlled capitalism "fascism" and saying shopping malls in the U.S. would become "ghost malls." Celente has said, "smaller communities, the smaller groups, the smaller states, the more self-sustaining communities, will 'weather the crisis in style' as big cities and hypertrophic suburbias descend into misery and conflict," and forecasts "a downsizing of America."

Revolution in the USA

On Russia Today, he predicted that the USA would face a revolution.

Neosurvivalism

Celente's website has stated that:

Predictions

2009

"The Crash of '09 was as dramatic as the crash of '29. The New Depression had begun." (Trends Journal, Summer 2008, pg. 12)

2010

Some areas of the U.S. are experiencing resurgences in real estate values due to highly localized factors, and some investors profit from this. However, the rises will almost all stop and reverse with time, and the overall national trend in real estate values is downward. (T.J. Summer 08, pg. 8)

Ghost malls have become a common sight across America. Especially hard-hit are big chain stores (Sears, Home Depot, etc.). (T.J. Summer 08, pg. 8)

2012

The economic policies of the U.S. government over the past few years have failed to fix America's fundamental problems and have merely papered over them and in fact made them worse. By 2012, the "American Empire" is collapsing. In the U.S., basic staple goods like quality food and water are too expensive for most people to afford,(T.J. Summer 08, pg. 1) and "food riots" happen across the country (T.J. Summer 09, pg.1). Major American cities look like disaster zones, and mass homelessness exists across the country. Crime is rampant, with much of it being directed at the rich. (T.J. Summer 08, pg. 1) Kidnappings and ransomings of rich people are on the rise. Average people fed up with big government, high taxes and out-of-control spending join tax revolts. (T.J. Summer 09, pg. 1) The world is also experiencing major environmental problems and "the blackest of plagues." The global financial system has also "melted down" and the situation is very bad outside the U.S.(T.J. Summer 08, pg. 1) The advanced industrial economies collapse first, and their sagging consumer spending drags down the export-based economies of emerging economies next.(T.J. Summer 09, pg. 2) The economy is as bad as it was during the Great Depression in many ways. In spite of all this, the U.S. government, power elites, and mainstream media continue to insist that the fundamentals of the world economy are sound, and that official policies can lead to a recovery. A growing number of average people, however, doubt this. (T.J. Summer 08, pg. 1)

While the Mayan and Hopi prophecies of global destruction do not come to pass, 2012 is indeed a watershed year that sees the death of an ailing and unsustainable global economic system and lifestyle and its replacement with something better. (T.J. Summer 08, pg. 2)

By 2012, Obama is viewed by most as a stale president who sold himself as a fresh, visionary candidate in 2008 and instead proved to be a servant of the big corporations and the military-industrial complex like his predecessors.(T.J. Summer 09, pg. 5) His economic policies only delayed disaster and in fact have made the situation worse: Expansionary monetary policy and the various government bailouts and stimulus programs create a "Bailout Bubble" that invariably bursts in a cataclysm for the U.S. and world economy.(T.J. Summer 09, pg. 11) Obama blames other factors for this and might have even tried to start a war by 2012 to distract attention from the domestic misery.(T.J. Summer 09, pg. 12) Obama's foreign policy has also failed to accomplish anything significant on the world stage, and Pakistan is a mess and the Afghan war continues to drag on without hope of conclusion.(T.J. Summer 09, pg. 12)

In the 2012 U.S. elections, online news sites, bloggers and independent journalists wield as much influence on voters as mainstream media outlets (TV, cable, magazines, newspapers) for the first time. This breaks the corporate and moneyed stranglehold on American politics and allows a third party to attain nation-level recognition. (T.J. Summer 08, pg. 5)

Broad future trends

Americans will adapt to lower standards of living and will travel less, both on a daily basis and for vacations. Higher fuel costs, advances in telecommuting and an aging American population will push many more people to work from home or close to home. Walking-distance communities will be constructed and will become popular. (T.J. Summer 08, pg. 7)

Geographically isolated resort destinations like Las Vegas will wither due to higher fuel costs, lower American incomes and increased overseas competition while vacation spots closer to population centers will revive. (T.J. Summer 08, pg. 9)

Government-run lotteries, on the other hand, will thrive. (T.J. Summer 08, pg. 9)

In America and to a lesser extent overseas, consumer spending habits will be motivated out of fear and escapism. Businesses that capitalize upon this will succeed. (T.J. Summer 09, pg. 24)

Publications

''Trend Tracking: The System to Profit from Today's Trends'' (1991), ISBN 978-0446392877

''Trends 2000: How to Prepare for and Profit from the Changes of the 21st Century'' (1997), ISBN 978-0446519014 (This book was a national best seller)

''What Zizi Gave Honeyboy: A True Story about Love, Wisdom, and the Soul of America'' (2002), ISBN 978-0066212661

References

External links

trendsresearch.com

geraldcelente.com

Category:1946 births Category:Living people Category:American economics writers Category:Futurologists Category:People from the Bronx Category:People from New York City

de:Gerald Celente fr:Gerald Celente pl:Gerald Celente sv:Gerald Celente

Coordinates	41°52′55″N87°37′40″N
name	Julia Nunes
background	solo_singer
alias	"jaaaaaaa" (YouTube user name)
birth date	January 03, 1989
origin	Fairport, New York, United States
instrument	Ukulele, Guitar, Melodica, Piano, Vocals
genre	Acoustic pop, indie music
label	Rude Butler Records, DFTBA Records
associated acts	Jack Conte, Nataly Dawn, Pomplamoose, Greg Holden, Ben Folds, Ben Kweller, Lauren O'Connell, Ian Axel
website	junumusic.com
notable instruments	}}

Julia Nunes (born January 3, 1989) is a singer and songwriter from Fairport, New York. Her career has progressed online through her videos of pop songs on YouTube in which she sings harmony with herself and plays acoustic instruments, primarily the ukulele, guitar, melodica and piano.

Biography

Nunes was born into a musical family in New York. Her father is a pianist and a composer of children's songs. One grandfather was a composer of Portuguese fado music and the other a jazz pianist. Nunes started piano lessons at age seven before switching to the guitar in her teens. She started writing songs at age 14 and began playing the ukulele in 2005. She also plays guitar and melodica. She indicated in the comments section of one of her YouTube videos (see below) that she holds dual USA-Portuguese citizenship.

YouTube videos

Nunes is known for her videos on YouTube. Among them are original songs, as well as covers of some of Nunes' favorite bands, such as Say Anything, The Beatles, The Beach Boys, and Destiny's Child. Her original songs have been featured on the main page of YouTube twice, under the username 'jaaaaaaa', which she says was the result of holding down the "a" key randomly after the "j" key, the first and last letters of her first name.

On ''Good Morning America'' (June 30, 2008) Molly Ringwald said that she took up the ukulele after seeing Julia Nunes on YouTube. "I've always wanted to play the ukulele, and she completely inspired me," she said.

Recent work

She opened four times for one of her idols, Ben Folds in May 2008 at the piano player's request and performed at the Bushman Ukulele Luau in May 2008 after having won the 2007 Bushman World Ukulele Video Contest. She performed at The Knitting Factory in New York. On October 25, 2008, she opened for The Bacon Brothers at The State University of New York at Geneseo. On November 22, 2008, Nunes performed her song "Maybe I Will" on YouTube Live '08 in San Francisco. She was joined onstage by The YouTube Ukulele Orchestra, which is composed of fellow YouTube ukulele players Wade Johnston, Dustin Domingo, Philip Fernandez, and Narciso Lobo. In January 2009 Nunes played four sold out shows in London, England, and was interviewed and performed on BBC Radio 1. In June 2009, she played two shows, and participated in the artist signing tent, at Bonnaroo, the independent music festival in Manchester TN, and a second tour of England. She began recording her third CD of original music in August 2009., working with Jack Conte and Nataly Dawn of Pomplamoose as producers. She played at Bonnaroo 2010, her second time there. Nunes started the event on the main stage at noon 11 June 2010, and also played alongside Weezer on the second night. Nunes opened for Ben Kweller at Indiana University's Buskirk-Chumley Theater on November 13, 2010, as a part of Ben Kweller's tour.

Charity work

In December 2008, Nunes participated in the Vlogbrothers' Project4Awesome. Rather than tell YouTubers to donate time or money to a charity, she offered one of her hand-knit hats on eBay, promising to donate the proceeds of the auction, and her own matching funds, to the Lupus Foundation of America. After a bidding war, the hat sold for US$1,250.00, to Kenny West, a musician from Philadelphia, PA. When she realized the amount she'd have to contribute to match this sum, she asked her viewers to help her make the donation, promising US$500.00 of her own money.

Discography

''Left Right Wrong''

Nunes' first CD ''Left Right Wrong'' contained all original compositions and was released in the summer of 2007. It was released independently, published by Junu Music (ASCAP), on Nunes' label Rude Butler Music. Following YouTube success, as of June 2008 Nunes arranged a distribution deal for ''Left Right Wrong'' with Burnside Distribution Corporation, and the album can now be purchased through some mainstream sources. The 12 tracks (10 studio, two live) were recorded with just guitar and voice, without the overdubs which feature in her YouTube videos. The video of her song "Into the Sunshine" from the CD has over 2 million views on YouTube.

Release date: 2007

Label: Rude Butler Records

Format: Digital download

#"Intro" #"Into the Sunshine" #"Indecisive" #"Happy Medium" #"Balloons" #"I'm Not Good" #"A Century" #"Still In the Room" #"Blushing Cheeks" #"One Clock" #"Dolar Tree" (Live) #"Into the Sunshine" (Live)

''I Wrote These''

"I Wrote These", was released on October 15, 2008 containing original compositions by Nunes, except for Track 12 "Sugar Coats" which was co-written with her friend and fellow musician Kirk Stevens. Like her first album, "I Wrote These" was released on her Rude Butler Music label and copyrighted to JuNu Music. The album was tracked and mixed at Studio Arts Entertainment and Hilltop Recording in Greenwich, NY by Peter Kobor and Chris Roberson. The album features mostly acoustic tracks, although she is joined on a few songs by a full band (including Todd Haviland on bass and Dave Harris on drums). Guest vocalists include Dan Gocek, Kirk Stevens, and Andy Martin. Other musical accompaniment includes whistling, finger snapping and beatboxing. "I Wrote These" was mastered by Steve Forney at the studios at Linden Oaks, in Rochester, New York.

Release date: October 15, 2008

Label: Rude Butler Records

Format: Digital download

#"Maybe I Will" #"Into the Sunshine" #"First Impressions" #"Binoculars" #"Pen to Paper" #"Short and Sweet" #"Welcome Vacation" #"You Were" #"Stairwell" #"Regrets" #"Odd" #"Sugar Coats" #"Roles Reversed" #"The Debt"

''I Think You Know''

She began recording her third CD of original music in August 2009., and worked with Jack Conte and Nataly Dawn of Pomplamoose as producers. The album was released on iTunes on February 2, 2010 through her own record label Rude Butler Records.

Tracks: #"I Think You Know" #"Grown A Pair" #"Through the Floorboards" #"August" #"Comatose"

"YouTube Covers"

Her first CD of covers is entitled "YouTube Covers." It was released on November 3, 2010. It features 11 covers from such artists as The Beatles, Queen, Beach Boys, Paramore, and many others. It was released through her own record label Rude Butler Records.

Tracks: #"Build Me Up Buttercup" originally by The Foundations #"All My Lovin'" originally by The Beatles #"Accidentally in Love" originally by The Counting Crows #"Bye Bye Bye" (Live) originally by Nsync #"It's Raining Men" originally by The Weather Girls #"L-O-V-E" originally by Nat King Cole #"It Don't Have to Change" originally by John Legend #"The Love You Save" originally by Michael Jackson/Jackson 5 #"The Only Exception" originally by Paramore #"You're My Best Friend" originally by Queen #"God Only Knows" originally by The Beach Boys

References

External links

Official Site

Category:1989 births Category:Living people Category:American Internet personalities Category:American singer-songwriters Category:American guitarists Category:Internet memes Category:Musicians from New York Category:Ukulele players Category:American people of Portuguese descent Category:American multi-instrumentalists Category:American singers Category:Songwriters from New York Category:American pianists Category:Melodica players Category:People from New York

de:Julia Nunes fr:Julia Nunes it:Julia Nunes pt:Julia Nunes sv:Julia Nunes

Coordinates	41°52′55″N87°37′40″N
name	Steve Jobs
birth name	Steven Paul Jobs
birth date	February 24, 1955
birth place
death date	October 05, 2011
death place
occupation	Chairman, Apple Inc.
Boards	The Walt Disney Company, Apple, Inc.
alma mater	Reed College (one semester in 1972)
networth	$8.3 billion (2011)
religion	Buddhism
spouse	Laurene Powell Jobs(m. 1991–2011; his death)
children	4
signature	Firma de Steve Jobs.svg
relatives	Mona Simpson (sister)
website	}}

Steven Paul Jobs (February 24, 1955 – October 5, 2011) was an American computer entrepreneur and inventor. He was co-founder, chairman, and chief executive officer of Apple Inc. Jobs also previously served as chief executive of Pixar Animation Studios; he became a member of the board of directors of The Walt Disney Company in 2006, following the acquisition of Pixar by Disney. He was credited in ''Toy Story'' (1995) as an executive producer.

In the late 1970s, Jobs, with Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak, Mike Markkula, and others, designed, developed, and marketed one of the first commercially successful lines of personal computers, the Apple II series. In the early 1980s, Jobs was among the first to see the commercial potential of Xerox PARC's mouse-driven graphical user interface, which led to the creation of the Macintosh. After losing a power struggle with the board of directors in 1985, Jobs resigned from Apple and founded NeXT, a computer platform development company specializing in the higher-education and business markets. Apple's subsequent 1996 buyout of NeXT brought Jobs back to the company he co-founded, and he served as its CEO from 1997 until 2011.

In 1986, he acquired the computer graphics division of Lucasfilm Ltd which was spun off as Pixar Animation Studios. He remained CEO and majority shareholder at 50.1 percent until its acquisition by The Walt Disney company in 2006. Consequently Jobs became Disney's largest individual shareholder at 7 percent and a member of Disney's Board of Directors.

On August 24, 2011, Jobs announced his resignation from his role as Apple's CEO. In his letter of resignation, Jobs strongly recommended that the Apple executive succession plan be followed and Tim Cook be named as his successor. Per his request, Jobs was appointed chairman of Apple's board of directors. On October 5, 2011, Apple announced that Jobs had died. He was 56 years old. His aim, to develop products that are both functional and elegant, had earned him a devoted following.

Early years

Jobs was born in San Francisco and was adopted by Paul and Clara Jobs (née Hagopian) of Mountain View, California. Paul and Clara later adopted a daughter, Patti. Jobs' biological parents – Abdulfattah John Jandali, a Syrian immigrant to the U.S. who later became a political science professor, and Joanne Schieble (later Simpson), an American graduate student who went on to become a speech language pathologist – eventually married. Together, they gave birth to and raised Jobs' biological sister, novelist Mona Simpson.

Jobs attended Cupertino Junior High and Homestead High School in Cupertino, California. He frequented after-school lectures at the Hewlett-Packard Company in Palo Alto, California and was later hired there, working with Steve Wozniak as a summer employee. Following high school graduation in 1972, Jobs enrolled at Reed College in Portland, Oregon. Although he dropped out after only one semester, he continued auditing classes at Reed, while sleeping on the floor in friends' rooms, returning Coke bottles for food money, and getting weekly free meals at the local Hare Krishna temple. Jobs later said, "If I had never dropped in on that single calligraphy course in college, the Mac would have never had multiple typefaces or proportionally spaced fonts."

In autumn 1974, Jobs returned to California and began attending meetings of the Homebrew Computer Club with Wozniak. He took a job as a technician at Atari, a manufacturer of popular video games, with the primary intent of saving money for a spiritual retreat to India.

Jobs then traveled to India to visit the Neem Karoli Baba at his Kainchi Ashram with a Reed College friend (and, later, the first Apple employee), Daniel Kottke, in search of spiritual enlightenment. He came back a Buddhist with his head shaved and wearing traditional Indian clothing. During this time, Jobs experimented with psychedelics, calling his LSD experiences "one of the two or three most important things [he had] done in [his] life". He later said that people around him who did not share his countercultural roots could not fully relate to his thinking.

Jobs returned to his previous job at Atari and was given the task of creating a circuit board for the game ''Breakout''. According to Atari founder Nolan Bushnell, Atari had offered $100 for each chip that was eliminated in the machine. Jobs had little interest or knowledge in circuit board design and made a deal with Wozniak to split the bonus evenly between them if Wozniak could minimize the number of chips. Much to the amazement of Atari, Wozniak reduced the number of chips by 50, a design so tight that it was impossible to reproduce on an assembly line. At the time, Jobs told Wozniak that Atari had only given them $700 (instead of the actual $5,000) and that Wozniak's share was thus $350.

Career

Beginnings of Apple Computer

In 1976, Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak and Ronald Wayne, with later funding from a then-semi-retired Intel product-marketing manager and engineer A.C. "Mike" Markkula Jr., founded Apple. Prior to co-founding Apple, Wozniak was an electronics hacker. Jobs and Wozniak had been friends for several years, having met in 1971, when their mutual friend, Bill Fernandez, introduced 21-year-old Wozniak to 16-year-old Jobs. Steve Jobs managed to interest Wozniak in assembling a computer and selling it. As Apple continued to expand, the company began looking for an experienced executive to help manage its expansion.

In 1978, Apple recruited Mike Scott from National Semiconductor to serve as CEO for what turned out to be several turbulent years. In 1983, Steve Jobs lured John Sculley away from Pepsi-Cola to serve as Apple's CEO, asking, "Do you want to sell sugar water for the rest of your life, or do you want to come with me and change the world?" The following year, Apple aired a Super Bowl television commercial titled "1984". At Apple's annual shareholders meeting on January 24, 1984, an emotional Jobs introduced the Macintosh to a wildly enthusiastic audience; Andy Hertzfeld described the scene as "pandemonium". The Macintosh became the first commercially successful small computer with a graphical user interface. The development of the Mac was started by Jef Raskin, and eventually taken over by Jobs.

While Jobs was a persuasive and charismatic director for Apple, some of his employees from that time had described him as an erratic and temperamental manager. An industry-wide sales slump towards the end of 1984 caused a deterioration in Jobs's working relationship with Sculley, and at the end of May 1985 – following an internal power struggle and an announcement of significant layoffs because of disappointing sales at the time – Sculley relieved Jobs of his duties as head of the Macintosh division. He later claimed that being fired from Apple was the best thing that could happen to him; "The heaviness of being successful was replaced by the lightness of being a beginner again, less sure about everything. It freed me to enter one of the most creative periods of my life."

NeXT Computer

Around the same time, Jobs founded another computer company, NeXT Computer. Like the Apple Lisa, the NeXT workstation was technologically advanced; however, it was largely dismissed by industry as cost-prohibitive. Among those who could afford it, however, the NeXT workstation garnered a strong following because of its technical strengths, chief among them its object-oriented software development system. Jobs marketed NeXT products to the scientific and academic fields because of the innovative, experimental new technologies it incorporated (such as the Mach kernel, the digital signal processor chip, and the built-in Ethernet port).

The NeXTcube was described by Jobs as an "interpersonal" computer, which he believed was the next step after "personal" computing. That is, if computers could allow people to communicate and collaborate together in an easy way, it would solve many of the problems that "personal" computing had come up against.

During a time when e-mail for most people was plain text, Jobs loved to demo the NeXT's e-mail system, NeXTMail, as an example of his "interpersonal" philosophy. NeXTMail was one of the first to support universally visible, clickable embedded graphics and audio within e-mail.

Jobs ran NeXT with an obsession for aesthetic perfection, as evidenced by such things as the NeXTcube's magnesium case. This put considerable strain on NeXT's hardware division, and in 1993, after having sold only 50,000 machines, NeXT transitioned fully to software development with the release of NeXTSTEP/Intel.

Pixar and Disney

In 1986, Jobs bought The Graphics Group (later renamed Pixar) from Lucasfilm's computer graphics division for the price of $10 million, $5 million of which was given to the company as capital.

The new company, which was originally based at Lucasfilm's Kerner Studios in San Rafael, California, but has since relocated to Emeryville, California, was initially intended to be a high-end graphics hardware developer. After years of unprofitability selling the Pixar Image Computer, it contracted with Disney to produce a number of computer-animated feature films, which Disney would co-finance and distribute.

The first film produced by the partnership, ''Toy Story'', brought fame and critical acclaim to the studio when it was released in 1995. Over the next 15 years, under Pixar's creative chief John Lasseter, the company would produce the box-office hits ''A Bug's Life'' (1998), ''Toy Story 2'' (1999), ''Monsters, Inc.'' (2001), ''Finding Nemo'' (2003), ''The Incredibles'' (2004), ''Cars'' (2006), ''Ratatouille'' (2007), ''WALL-E'' (2008), ''Up'' (2009) and ''Toy Story 3'' (2010). ''Finding Nemo'', ''The Incredibles'', ''Ratatouille'', ''WALL-E'', ''Up'' and ''Toy Story 3'' each received the Academy Award for Best Animated Feature, an award introduced in 2001.

In the years 2003 and 2004, as Pixar's contract with Disney was running out, Jobs and Disney chief executive Michael Eisner tried but failed to negotiate a new partnership, and in early 2004 Jobs announced that Pixar would seek a new partner to distribute its films once its contract with Disney expired.

In October 2005, Bob Iger replaced Eisner at Disney, and Iger quickly worked to patch up relations with Jobs and Pixar. On January 24, 2006, Jobs and Iger announced that Disney had agreed to purchase Pixar in an all-stock transaction worth $7.4 billion. Once the deal closed, Jobs became The Walt Disney Company's largest single shareholder with approximately 7% of the company's stock. Jobs's holdings in Disney far exceed those of Eisner, who holds 1.7%, and of Disney family member Roy E. Disney, who until his 2009 death held about 1% of the company's stock and whose criticisms of Eisner – especially that he soured Disney's relationship with Pixar – accelerated Eisner's ousting. Jobs joined the company's board of directors upon completion of the merger. Jobs also helped oversee Disney and Pixar's combined animation businesses with a seat on a special six person steering committee.

Return to Apple

In 1996, Apple announced that it would buy NeXT for $429 million. The deal was finalized in late 1996, bringing Jobs back to the company he had co-founded. Jobs became ''de facto'' chief after then-CEO Gil Amelio was ousted in July. He was formally named interim chief executive in September 1997. In March 1998, to concentrate Apple's efforts on returning to profitability, Jobs terminated a number of projects, such as Newton, Cyberdog, and OpenDoc. In the coming months, many employees developed a fear of encountering Jobs while riding in the elevator, "afraid that they might not have a job when the doors opened. The reality was that Jobs' summary executions were rare, but a handful of victims was enough to terrorize a whole company." Jobs also changed the licensing program for Macintosh clones, making it too costly for the manufacturers to continue making machines.

With the purchase of NeXT, much of the company's technology found its way into Apple products, most notably NeXTSTEP, which evolved into Mac OS X. Under Jobs's guidance the company increased sales significantly with the introduction of the iMac and other new products; since then, appealing designs and powerful branding have worked well for Apple. At the 2000 Macworld Expo, Jobs officially dropped the "interim" modifier from his title at Apple and became permanent CEO. Jobs quipped at the time that he would be using the title 'iCEO.'

The company subsequently branched out, introducing and improving upon other digital appliances. With the introduction of the iPod portable music player, iTunes digital music software, and the iTunes Store, the company made forays into consumer electronics and music distribution. On June 29, 2007, Apple entered the cellular phone business with the introduction of the iPhone, a multi-touch display cell phone, which also included the features of an iPod and, with its own mobile browser, revolutionized the mobile browsing scene. While stimulating innovation, Jobs also reminded his employees that "real artists ship", by which he meant that delivering working products on time is as important as innovation and attractive design.

Jobs was both admired and criticized for his consummate skill at persuasion and salesmanship, which has been dubbed the "reality distortion field" and was particularly evident during his keynote speeches (colloquially known as "Stevenotes") at Macworld Expos and at Apple's own Worldwide Developers Conferences.

In 2005, Jobs responded to criticism of Apple's poor recycling programs for e-waste in the U.S. by lashing out at environmental and other advocates at Apple's Annual Meeting in Cupertino in April. However, a few weeks later, Apple announced it would take back iPods for free at its retail stores. The Computer TakeBack Campaign responded by flying a banner from a plane over the Stanford University graduation at which Jobs was the commencement speaker. The banner read "Steve — Don't be a mini-player recycle all e-waste". In 2006, he further expanded Apple's recycling programs to any U.S. customer who buys a new Mac. This program includes shipping and "environmentally friendly disposal" of their old systems.

Resignation

In August 2011, Jobs resigned as CEO of Apple, but remained at the company as chairman of the company's board. Hours after the announcement, Apple Inc. (AAPL) shares dropped 5% in after-hour trading. The relatively small drop, when considering the importance of Jobs to Apple, was associated with the fact that Jobs' health had been in the news for several years, and he was on medical leave since January 2011. It was believed, according to ''Forbes'', that the impact would be felt in a negative way beyond Apple, including at The Walt Disney Company where Jobs served as director. In after-hour trading on the day of the announcement, Walt Disney Co. (DIS) shares dropped 1.5%.

Business life

Wealth

Even though Jobs earned only $1 a year as CEO of Apple, he held 5.426 million Apple shares, as well as 138 million shares in Disney (which he had received in exchange for Disney's acquisition of Pixar). ''Forbes'' estimated his net wealth at $8.3 billion in 2010, making him the 42nd wealthiest American.

Stock options backdating issue

In 2001, Steve Jobs was granted stock options in the amount of 7.5 million shares of Apple with an exercise price of $18.30, which allegedly should have been $21.10, thereby incurring taxable income of $20,000,000 that he did not report as income. This indicated backdating. Apple overstated its earnings by that same amount. If found liable, Jobs might have faced a number of criminal charges and civil penalties. Apple claimed that the options were originally granted at a special board meeting. Furthermore, the investigation is focusing on false dating of the options resulting in a retroactive $20 million increase in the exercise price. The case is the subject of active criminal and civil government investigations, though an independent internal Apple investigation completed on December 29, 2006, found that Jobs was unaware of these issues and that the options granted to him were returned without being exercised in 2003. On July 1, 2008, a $7 billion class action suit was filed against several members of the Apple Board of Directors for revenue lost due to the alleged securities fraud.

Management style

Much was made of Jobs' aggressive and demanding personality. ''Fortune'' wrote that he was "considered one of Silicon Valley's leading egomaniacs". Commentaries on his temperamental style can be found in Mike Moritz's ''The Little Kingdom'', one of the few authorized biographies of Jobs; ''The Second Coming of Steve Jobs,'' by Alan Deutschman; and ''iCon: Steve Jobs'', by Jeffrey S. Young & William L. Simon. In 1993, Jobs made Fortune's list of America's Toughest Bosses in regard to his leadership of NeXT. Cofounder Dan'l Lewin was quoted in Fortune as saying of that period, "The highs were unbelievable . . . [b]ut the lows were unimaginable," to which Jobs's office replied that his personality had changed since then.

Jef Raskin, a former colleague, once said that Jobs "would have made an excellent king of France," alluding to Jobs' compelling and larger-than-life persona.

Jobs always aspired to position Apple and its products at the forefront of the information technology industry by foreseeing and setting trends, at least in innovation and style. He summed up that self-concept at the end of his keynote speech at the Macworld Conference and Expo in January 2007 by quoting ice hockey legend Wayne Gretzky:

Floyd Norman said that at Pixar, Jobs was a "mature, mellow individual" and never interfered with the creative process of the filmmakers.

In 2005, Steve Jobs banned all books published by John Wiley & Sons from Apple Stores in response to their publishing an unauthorized biography, ''iCon: Steve Jobs''. In its 2010 annual earnings report, Wiley said it had "closed a deal ... to make its titles available for the iPad."

Inventions

Jobs is listed as either primary inventor or co-inventor in 338 US patents or patent applications related to a range of technologies from actual computer and portable devices to user interfaces (including touch-based), speakers, keyboards, power adapters, staircases, clasps, sleeves, lanyards and packages.

Philanthropy

After Bloomberg accidentally published Jobs' obituary in 2008, Arik Hesseldahl of BusinessWeek magazine noted that "Jobs isn't widely known for his association with philanthropic causes", compared to Bill Gates' efforts. After resuming control of Apple in 1997, Jobs eliminated all corporate philanthropy programs.

Personal life

Jobs married Laurene Powell, on March 18, 1991. Presiding over the wedding was the Zen Buddhist monk Kobun Chino Otogawa. The couple have a son and two daughters. Jobs also has a daughter, Lisa Brennan-Jobs (born 1978), from his relationship with Bay Area painter Chrisann Brennan. She briefly raised their daughter on welfare when Jobs denied paternity by claiming he was sterile; he later acknowledged Lisa as his daughter.

In the unauthorized biography, ''The Second Coming of Steve Jobs,'' author Alan Deutschman reports that Jobs once dated Joan Baez. Deutschman quotes Elizabeth Holmes, a friend of Jobs from his time at Reed College, as saying she "believed that Steve became the lover of Joan Baez in large measure because Baez had been the lover of Bob Dylan." In another unauthorized biography, ''iCon: Steve Jobs'' by Jeffrey S. Young & William L. Simon, the authors suggest that Jobs might have married Baez, but her age at the time (41) meant it was unlikely the couple could have children.

Jobs was also a fan of The Beatles. He referred to them on multiple occasions at Keynotes and also was interviewed on a showing of a Paul McCartney concert. When asked about his business model on ''60 Minutes'', he replied:

In 1982, Jobs bought an apartment in The San Remo, an apartment building in New York City with a politically progressive reputation, where Demi Moore, Steven Spielberg, Steve Martin, and Princess Yasmin Aga Khan, daughter of Rita Hayworth, also had apartments. With the help of I.M. Pei, Jobs spent years renovating his apartment in the top two floors of the building's north tower, only to sell it almost two decades later to U2 singer Bono. Jobs had never moved in.

In 1984, Jobs purchased a , 14-bedroom Spanish Colonial mansion, designed by George Washington Smith, in Woodside, California (also known as Jackling House). Although it reportedly remained in an almost unfurnished state, Jobs lived in the mansion for almost ten years. According to reports, he kept an old BMW motorcycle in the living room, and let Bill Clinton use it in 1998. From the early 1990s, Jobs lived in a house in the Old Palo Alto neighborhood of Palo Alto. President Clinton dined with Jobs and 14 Silicon Valley CEOs there on August 7, 1996 on a meal catered by Greens Restaurant. Clinton returned the favor and Jobs, who was a Democratic donor, slept in the Lincoln bedroom of the White House.

Jobs allowed Jackling House to fall into a state of disrepair, planning to demolish the house and build a smaller home on the property; but he met with complaints from local preservationists over his plans. In June 2004, the Woodside Town Council gave Jobs approval to demolish the mansion, on the condition that he advertise the property for a year to see if someone would move it to another location and restore it. A number of people expressed interest, including several with experience in restoring old property, but no agreements to that effect were reached. Later that same year, a local preservationist group began seeking legal action to prevent demolition. In January 2007 Jobs was denied the right to demolish the property, by a court decision. The court decision was overturned on appeal in March 2010 and the mansion was demolished beginning February 2011.

Jobs usually wore a black long-sleeved mock turtleneck made by St. Croix, Levi's 501 blue jeans, and New Balance 991 sneakers. He was a pescetarian, one whose diet includes fish but no other meat.

His car was a silver 2008 Mercedes SL 55 AMG, which does not display its license plates.

Jobs had a public war of words with Dell Computer CEO Michael Dell, starting when Jobs first criticized Dell for making "un-innovative beige boxes". On October 6, 1997, in a Gartner Symposium, when Michael Dell was asked what he would do if he owned then-troubled Apple Computer, he said "I'd shut it down and give the money back to the shareholders." In 2006, Steve Jobs sent an email to all employees when Apple's market capitalization rose above Dell's. The email read:

Illness and death

In mid-2004, Jobs announced to his employees that he had been diagnosed with a cancerous tumor in his pancreas. The prognosis for pancreatic cancer is usually very poor; Jobs, however, stated that he had a rare, far less aggressive type known as islet cell neuroendocrine tumor. After initially resisting the idea of conventional medical intervention and embarking on a special diet to thwart the disease, Jobs underwent a pancreaticoduodenectomy (or "Whipple procedure") in July 2004 that appeared to successfully remove the tumor. Jobs apparently did not require nor receive chemotherapy or radiation therapy. During Jobs' absence, Timothy D. Cook, head of worldwide sales and operations at Apple, ran the company.

In early August 2006, Jobs delivered the keynote for Apple's annual Worldwide Developers Conference. His "thin, almost gaunt" appearance and unusually "listless" delivery, together with his choice to delegate significant portions of his keynote to other presenters, inspired a flurry of media and Internet speculation about his health. In contrast, according to an ''Ars Technica'' journal report, WWDC attendees who saw Jobs in person said he "looked fine". Following the keynote, an Apple spokesperson said that "Steve's health is robust."

Two years later, similar concerns followed Jobs' 2008 WWDC keynote address. Apple officials stated Jobs was victim to a "common bug" and was taking antibiotics, while others surmised his cachectic appearance was due to the Whipple procedure. During a July conference call discussing Apple earnings, participants responded to repeated questions about Steve Jobs' health by insisting that it was a "private matter". Others, however, voiced the opinion that shareholders had a right to know more, given Jobs' hands-on approach to running his company. The ''New York Times'' published an article based on an off-the-record phone conversation with Jobs, noting that "while his health issues have amounted to a good deal more than 'a common bug,' they weren't life-threatening and he doesn't have a recurrence of cancer."

On August 28, 2008, Bloomberg mistakenly published a 2500-word obituary of Jobs in its corporate news service, containing blank spaces for his age and cause of death. (News carriers customarily stockpile up-to-date obituaries to facilitate news delivery in the event of a well-known figure's untimely death.) Although the error was promptly rectified, many news carriers and blogs reported on it, intensifying rumors concerning Jobs' health. Jobs responded at Apple's September 2008 ''Let's Rock'' keynote by quoting Mark Twain: "Reports of my death are greatly exaggerated." At a subsequent media event, Jobs concluded his presentation with a slide reading "110/70", referring to his blood pressure, stating he would not address further questions about his health.

On December 16, 2008, Apple announced that marketing vice-president Phil Schiller would deliver the company's final keynote address at the Macworld Conference and Expo 2009, again reviving questions about Jobs' health. In a statement given on January 5, 2009 on Apple.com, Jobs said that he had been suffering from a "hormone imbalance" for several months. On January 14, 2009, in an internal Apple memo, Jobs wrote that in the previous week he had "learned that my health-related issues are more complex than I originally thought" and announced a six-month leave of absence until the end of June 2009 to allow him to better focus on his health. Tim Cook, who had previously acted as CEO in Jobs' 2004 absence, became acting CEO of Apple, with Jobs still involved with "major strategic decisions."

In April 2009, Jobs underwent a liver transplant at Methodist University Hospital Transplant Institute in Memphis, Tennessee. Jobs' prognosis was "excellent".

On January 17, 2011, a year and a half after Jobs returned from his liver transplant, Apple announced that he had been granted a medical leave of absence. Jobs announced his leave in a letter to employees, stating his decision was made "so he could focus on his health". As during his 2009 medical leave, Apple announced that Tim Cook would run day-to-day operations and that Jobs would continue to be involved in major strategic decisions at the company. Despite the leave, he made appearances at the iPad 2 launch event (March 2), the WWDC keynote introducing iCloud (June 6), and before the Cupertino city council (June 7).

Jobs announced his resignation from his role as Apple's CEO on August 24, 2011. In his resignation letter, Jobs wrote that he could "no longer meet [his] duties and expectations as Apple's CEO".

On October 5, 2011, his family, in a statement, said Jobs "died peacefully today surrounded by his family . . ."

Apple released a separate statement saying that Jobs had died. The statement read "We are deeply saddened to announce that Steve Jobs passed away today. Steve's brilliance, passion and energy were the source of countless innovations that enrich and improve all of our lives. The world is immeasurably better because of Steve. His greatest love was for his wife, Laurene, and his family. Our hearts go out to them and to all who were touched by his extraordinary gifts."

Also on October 5, 2011, Apple's corporate website greeted visitors with a simple page showing Jobs's name and lifespan next to his greyscale portrait. Clicking on Jobs's image led to an obituary that read "Apple has lost a visionary and creative genius, and the world has lost an amazing human being. Those of us who have been fortunate enough to know and work with Steve have lost a dear friend and an inspiring mentor. Steve leaves behind a company that only he could have built, and his spirit will forever be the foundation of Apple." An email address was also posted for the public to share their memories, condolences, and thoughts.

Jobs is survived by his wife, Laurene, to whom he was married for 20 years, their three children, and a fourth child, Lisa Brennan-Jobs, from a previous relationship.

Statements on Jobs' death

Statements reacting to Jobs' death were released by notable people in the US, including U.S. President Barack Obama, Microsoft founder Bill Gates, Walt Disney Company's Bob Iger, and Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg. Wired collected reactions and posted them in tribute on their homepage.

Excerpts from President Barack Obama's statement:

Steve was among the greatest of American innovators - brave enough to think differently, bold enough to believe he could change the world, and talented enough to do it. By building one of the planet’s most successful companies from his garage, he exemplified the spirit of American ingenuity. By making computers personal and putting the internet in our pockets, he made the information revolution not only accessible, but intuitive and fun. And by turning his talents to storytelling, he has brought joy to millions of children and grownups alike. Steve was fond of saying that he lived every day like it was his last. Because he did, he transformed our lives, redefined entire industries, and achieved one of the rarest feats in human history: he changed the way each of us sees the world.

Bill Gates released a statement saying:

I'm truly saddened to learn of Steve Jobs' death. Melinda and I extend our sincere condolences to his family and friends, and to everyone Steve has touched through his work. Steve and I first met nearly 30 years ago, and have been colleagues, competitors and friends over the course of more than half our lives. The world rarely sees someone who has had the profound impact Steve has had, the effects of which will be felt for many generations to come. For those of us lucky enough to get to work with him, it's been an insanely great honor. I will miss Steve immensely.

Walt Disney Company president Bob Iger said in regards to Jobs:

Steve Jobs was a great friend as well as a trusted advisor. His legacy will extend far beyond the products he created or the businesses he built. It will be the millions of people he inspired, the lives he changed, and the culture he defined. Steve was such an "original," with a thoroughly creative, imaginative mind that defined an era. Despite all he accomplished, it feels like he was just getting started. With his passing the world has lost a rare original, Disney has lost a member of our family, and I have lost a great friend. Our thoughts and prayers are with his wife Laurene and his children during this difficult time.

Mark Zuckerberg wrote on his Facebook page:

Steve, thank you for being a mentor and a friend. Thanks for showing that what you build can change the world. I will miss you.

American director Steven Spielberg said: "Steve Jobs was the greatest inventor since Thomas Edison. He put the world at our fingertips."

Microsoft Co-founder Paul Allen said: "We've lost a unique tech pioneer and auteur who knew how to make amazingly great products. Steve fought a long battle against tough odds in a very brave way. He kept doing amazing things in the face of all that adversity. As someone who has had his own medical challenges, I couldn't help but be encouraged by how he persevered."

Apple Co-founder Steve Wozniak said : "People sometimes have goals in life. Steve Jobs exceeded every goal he set himself."

Honors

Jobs was awarded the National Medal of Technology by President Ronald Reagan in 1984 with Steve Wozniak (among the first people to ever receive the honor), and a Jefferson Award for Public Service in the category "Greatest Public Service by an Individual 35 Years or Under" (a.k.a. the ''Samuel S. Beard Award'') in 1987. On November 27, 2007, Jobs was named the most powerful person in business by ''Fortune Magazine''. On December 5, 2007, California Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger and First Lady Maria Shriver inducted Jobs into the California Hall of Fame, located at The California Museum for History, Women and the Arts.

In August 2009, Jobs was selected as the most admired entrepreneur among teenagers in a survey by Junior Achievement. On November 5, 2009, Jobs was named the CEO of the decade by ''Fortune Magazine''. In September 2011, Jobs was ranked No.17 on Forbes: The World's Most Powerful People. In December 2010, the ''Financial Times'' named Jobs its person of the year for 2010, ending its essay by stating, "In his autobiography, John Sculley, the former PepsiCo executive who once ran Apple, said this of the ambitions of the man he had pushed out: 'Apple was supposed to become a wonderful consumer products company. This was a lunatic plan. High-tech could not be designed and sold as a consumer product.' How wrong can you be".

In popular culture

Due to his youth, great wealth, and charisma, after Apple's founding Jobs became a symbol of his company and industry. When ''Time'' named the computer as the 1982 "Machine of the Year", it published a long profile of him as "the most famous maestro of the micro". In 2011 Jobs was voted Best Business Entrepreneur On Earth. Jobs was prominently featured in four productions about the history of the personal computing industry:

''Triumph of the Nerds'' – a 1996 three-part documentary for PBS, about the rise of the home computer/personal computer.

''Nerds 2.0.1'' – a 1998 three-part documentary for PBS, (and sequel to ''Triumph of the Nerds'') which chronicles the development of the Internet.

''Pirates of Silicon Valley'' – a 1999 docudrama which chronicles the rise of Apple and Microsoft. He was portrayed by Noah Wyle.

''The Machine that Changed the World (1992)'' – Part 3 of this 5 part documentary, called ''The Paperback Computer'', prominently featured Jobs and his role in the early days of Apple.

After his resignation as Apple's CEO, Jobs was characterized as the Thomas Edison and Henry Ford of his time.

Notes

References

Bantam Doubleday Dell. ISBN 0-385-48684-7. Chapter 28

External links

Steve Jobs' executive profile at Apple.

YouTube video of first Jobs' Macworld keynote in 1997, when he returned to Apple, where he announced partnership with Microsoft.

Jobs's commencement address at Stanford University, June 12, 2005 (YouTube video).

"Thoughts on Music" by Steve Jobs, February 6, 2007.

"Thoughts on Flash" by Steve Jobs, April, 2010.

Bloomberg Game Changers: Steve Jobs A 48 minute video on Steve Jobs by Bloomberg

Profile at ''Forbes''

Articles

"Thirty Years of Innovation at Apple: Jobs on the Job". ''Time''. 2007.

Anecdotes from Steve Jobs' early days in Apple as reported by Andy Hertzfeld. Folklore.org.

Interviews

Steve Jobs in 1994: The Rolling Stone Interview, ''Rolling Stone'' – 1994, republished January 17, 2011. Archived URL

 — April 20, 1995.

The Seed of Apple's Innovation, ''BusinessWeek'' — October 12, 2004.

How Big Can Apple Get?, ''Fortune'' — February 21, 2005.

, ''Newsweek'' — October 15, 2006.

Bill Gates and Steve Jobs (video and transcript of on stage interview), ''All Things D'' – May 30, 2007.

Videotaped Deposition of Steven P. Jobs in front of the Securities and Exchange Commission  – March 18, 2008

Interview with Abdulfattah "John" Jandali, Job's biological father, by Mohannad Al-Haj Ali, published in ''Al Hayat'' ''Ya Liban'', February 28, 2011

Category:1955 births Category:2011 deaths Category:American adoptees Category:American billionaires Category:American chief executives Category:American people of Syrian descent Category:American Zen Buddhists Category:Apple Inc. employees Category:Articles with inconsistent citation formats Category:Businesspeople from California Category:Businesspeople in software Category:Computer designers Category:Computer pioneers Category:Disney people Category:Internet pioneers Category:National Medal of Technology recipients Category:NeXT Category:Organ transplant recipients Category:People from the San Francisco Bay Area Category:Pescetarians Category:Reed College alumni

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Coordinates	41°52′55″N87°37′40″N
name	Heidi Samuel| birth_name Heidi Klum
birth date	June 01, 1973
birth place	Bergisch Gladbach, North Rhine-Westphalia, West Germany
height
hair color	Blonde (colored; naturally brunette)
eye color	Hazel
size	4-6 (US) 34-36 (EU)
occupation	Actress, Television host, Model
website
ethnicity	German
spouse	Ric Pipino (1997–2002)Seal (2005–present) }}

Heidi Samuel (née Klum; born June 1, 1973), better known by her birth name Heidi Klum, is a German model, actress, television host, businesswoman, fashion designer, television producer, and occasional singer. She is married to English musician Seal.

Early life and discovery

Klum was raised in Bergisch Gladbach, a town outside Cologne, by her German parents Günther, a cosmetics-company executive, and Erna, a hairdresser. A friend persuaded her to enroll in a national modeling contest called "Model 92". Out of 25,000 contestants, Klum was voted the winner on April 29, 1992 and offered a modeling contract worth US$300,000 by Thomas Zeumer, CEO of Metropolitan Models New York. As the winner, she appeared on the ''Gottschalk Late Night Show'', a top German television show with host Thomas Gottschalk. She accepted the contract a few months later after graduating from school and decided not to try for an apprentice position at a fashion design school.

Career

Acting and modeling

Heidi Klum has been on the cover of fashion magazines, including ''Vogue'', ''Elle'', and ''Marie Claire''. She became widely known after appearing on the cover of the ''Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Issue'' and for her work with Victoria's Secret as an "Angel". Klum has hosted the 2002, 2006, 2007 and 2009 Victoria's Secret Fashion Shows. On October 1, 2010, the New York Post reported on its page six gossip column that Heidi Klum would be leaving Victoria's Secret. Klum said she's hanging up her wings and will not be walking in the November show.

In addition to working with well known photographers on her ''Sports Illustrated'' shoots, she was the object and subject of Joanne Gair body painting works in several editions from 1999 to 2006. She wrote the foreword to Gair's book of body paint work. She was a spokesmodel for McDonald's, Braun, Dannon, H & M, and Liz Claiborne, among others. She is currently a celebrity spokesmodel for Jordache and Volkswagen. In addition to modeling, she has appeared in several TV shows, including ''Spin City'', ''Sex and the City'', ''Yes, Dear'', and ''How I Met Your Mother''. She had a role as an ill-tempered hair model in the movie ''Blow Dry'', played a giantess in the movie ''Ella Enchanted'' and was cast as Ursula Andress in ''The Life and Death of Peter Sellers''. She had cameo appearances in ''The Devil Wears Prada'' and ''Perfect Stranger''.

Klum's other projects include music and video games. She is featured in the 2004 James Bond video game ''Everything or Nothing'', where she plays the villain Dr. Katya Nadanova. She has appeared in several music videos, including Jamiroquai's video "Love Foolosophy" from their album ''A Funk Odyssey'', Kelis's "Young, Fresh n' New", off her second 2001 album ''Wanderland'' and, most recently, the second video for her husband Seal's song "Secret" off his 2010 album ''Seal 6: Commitment''. The latter video depicts the married couple sharing intimate moments while naked in bed; the concept was Klum's idea.

In July 2007, having earned $8 million in the previous 12 months, Klum was named by ''Forbes'' as third on the list of the World's 15 Top-Earning Supermodels. In 2008, Forbes estimated her income at $14 million, putting Klum in second place. For 2009, Forbes estimated her income at $16 million. Klum is signed to IMG Models in New York City.

In 2008, Klum was a featured guest on an American Volkswagen commercial, where she was interviewed by a black Beetle. When she commented that German engineering is so sexy, she caused the Beetle to blush and turn red. She has been a part of several commercials for Volkswagen and McDonald's on German television.

In November 2008, Klum appeared in two versions of a ''Guitar Hero World Tour'' commercial, where she did a take on a Tom Cruise scene in ''Risky Business''. In both versions, she lip-synced to Bob Seger's "Old Time Rock and Roll" while dancing around the living room with the wireless guitar controller.

In early 2009, Klum ventured into web-based videos, starring in "SPIKED HEEL: Supermodels Battle the Forces of Evil". The web-series starred model Coco Rocha and was directed by fashion documentarian Doug Keeve. In the story, Klum aka 'The Kluminator,' and her stylish sidekick Coco “The Sassy Superhero” Rocha battle the evil Dr. Faux Pas who is plotting to destroy Fashion Week. The heroines employ everything from blow-dryer guns to fist fights, in order to thwart Dr. Faux Pas' dastardly plans. The Kluminator and Girl Wonder avoid a chain of fashion disasters to neutralize a death ray that threatens to vaporize the community of fashionistas gathered in Bryant Park.

In 2010, Klum became the new face and creative advisor for European cosmetics brand Astor, where she sets artistic direction and designs new products and fashion forward color collections.

In October 2010, Klum parted ways with Victoria's Secret after 13 years of working with the brand. She provided a simple explanation in her official statement, stating "All good things have to come to an end. I will always love Victoria and never tell her secret. It’s been an absolute amazing time!"

It was reported on May 2011 that Klum trails far behind Gisele Bündchen at No. 2 with estimated earnings of $20 million on forbes' list of the ''World's Top-Earning Model'' (2010-2011). Noting that since ending her 13-year run as a Victoria's Secret Angel, Klum has become more of a businesswoman than a model. She's partnered with New Balance and Amazon.com to launch a clothing line and signed a 20-episode deal to host a new show on Lifetime, called ''Seriously Funny Kids''.

Producing

In December 2004, Klum became the host, judge and executive producer of the reality show ''Project Runway'' on the U.S. cable television channel Bravo, (airing on Lifetime television beginning in 2009) in which fashion designers compete for the opportunity to show their line at New York Fashion Week and receive money to launch their own fashion line. She received an Emmy Award nomination for the show for each of the first four seasons. In 2008, Klum and ''Project Runway'' received a Peabody Award, the first time a reality show won the award. Klum was nominated for an Emmy in 2008 for "outstanding host of a reality or reality-competition show" for ''Project Runway'', the first year that category was recognized by the Emmys.

Klum has been the host, judge and co-producer of ''Germany's Next Topmodel'' the German version of the internationally successful reality television show, since 2006. All five seasons aired on the German TV station ProSieben.

Design and other business ventures

Klum designed clothing lines (one for men), featured in the German mail-order catalog "Otto". She designed shoes for Birkenstock, jewellery for Mouawad, a clothing line for Jordache, and swimsuits – featured in the 2002 ''Sports Illustrated'' Swimsuit Issue. She was one of the designers of the Victoria's Secret lingerie line "The Body", named after the nickname she received following her first Victoria's Secret Fashion Show appearance. Her Mouawad jewelry collection debuted on the cable shopping network QVC on September 14, 2006, and 14 of the 16 styles sold out after 36 minutes. Klum's clothing line for Jordache launched on April 30, 2008.

Klum has two fragrances, called "Heidi Klum" and "Me". She designed makeup for Victoria's Secret as part of their "Very Sexy Makeup Collection", titled "The Heidi Klum Collection". The first run debuted in Fall 2007. A second run was released in Fall 2008.

Klum was involved in the development of a namesake rose, the Heidi Klum rose, which is available in Germany.

For the 2008 US Open, Klum designed a screen print t-shirt which was sold at the US Open shop. It featured child-like butterfly pictures. Proceeds will go to a non-profit organization maintaining the park which is home to the US Open.

Heidi became Barbie's official ambassador for the doll's 50th anniversary in 2009, even having made a Barbie doll out of herself. On April 1 that same year, she appeared on the CBS television special, ''I Get That a Lot'', as a girl working at a pizza shop. That same year, she appeared in advertising for Dannon's Light & Fit brand.

Klum and husband Seal announced in June 2010 that they will be making a reality series on Lifetime entitled ''Love's Divine'' (after Seal's song of the same name.)

In January 2010, Klum launched 2 lines of maternity wear: Lavish by Heidi Klum for A Pea in the Pod, and Loved by Heidi Klum for Motherhood Maternity. Klum stated, "I experienced fashion challenges during my four pregnancies and combined my knowledge of what works in terms of style, comfort and practicality to create these lines".

In October 2010, Klum with New Balance, HKNB, launched a line of active woman's wear fashion clothing on Amazon.com.

Klum is a "Real Celebrity" on the website Stardoll, where she has a line of virtual jewelry, and a virtual clothing line called Jordache. Users can go to Klum's suite and interact with her by doing interviews, sending pending requests or dressing Klum's doll.

Other work

Klum is an artist, and had several of her paintings appear in various art magazines in the U.S. On September 27, 2002 she dedicated a sculpture she painted called "Dog with Butterflies" to commemorate the role of rescue dogs in the aftermath of September 11.

In 2004, Klum co-authored ''Heidi Klum's Body of Knowledge'' with ''Elle'' magazine editor Alexandra Postman. The book gives Klum's biography as well as her advice on becoming successful. Prior to that, Klum had been an occasional guest columnist for the German television network RTL's website. She wrote an essay for the German newspaper ''Die Zeit''.

In November 2006, Klum released her debut single "Wonderland", written for a series of television advertisements for the German retailer "Douglas". Proceeds were given to a children's charity in her hometown of Bergisch Gladbach. She contributed to her husband Seal's 2007 album ''System'', singing the duet "Wedding Day", a song that Seal wrote for their wedding.

Personal life

Klum married stylist Ric Pipino in 1997; the couple divorced in 2002.

Klum gave birth to her first child, Helene Boshoven "Leni" Klum on May 4, 2004 in New York City. According to Klum, Leni's biological father Flavio Briatore, is not involved in the child's life; she has stated emphatically that "Seal is Leni's father".

In early 2004, while still pregnant, Klum began a relationship with musician Seal Henry Olusegun Olumide Adeola Samuel; he was present for Leni's birth. Klum and Seal married on May 10, 2005, on a beach in Mexico. They have three biological children together: sons Henry Gunther Ademola Dashtu Samuel (born September 12, 2005) and Johan Riley Fyodor Taiwo Samuel (born November 22, 2006), and daughter Lou Sulola Samuel (born October 9, 2009). In December 2009, Seal officially adopted Leni, and her last name was changed to Samuel. Klum and Seal renew their vows to one another each year on their anniversary in front of family and friends.

On hearing her family referred to as a "patchwork family" in a German newspaper, Klum said, "I was, like, Hmm, is this an insult or is this positive? I talked to Seal about it, and we’re, like, it’s actually kind of great—we’re all different shades and we came together and we all love each other. They may call it black and white, but I’m not white, I’m a shade of brown and so is our daughter, Leni. She’s the lightest, then it’s me, then it’s our son, and then it’s Seal. So I think, Hey, it’s actually kind of nice to have a 'patchwork family.'"

In 2008, Klum became a naturalized American citizen, officially taking the oath to become an American citizen in order to cast her vote for then presidential candidate Barack Obama.

On November 21, 2009, she officially adopted the surname of her husband, Seal, and is now legally known as Heidi Samuel.

Legal issues

An unemployed Chemnitz butcher who used Klum's picture in advertising for a local dance on a flyer and a web page, contested her subsequent takedown notice in court and lost, forcing him to pay court costs of €2,300. German actress Jenny Elvers Elbertzhagen has pledged to pay on his behalf.

Filmography

''Hoodwinked Too

Year !! Film !! Role
1998	54 (film)>54''	VIP Patron
2001	''Blow Dry''
2003	''Blue Collar Comedy Tour''
rowspan="2"	2004	Ella Enchanted (film)>Ella Enchanted''
''The Life and Death of Peter Sellers''	Ursula Andress
2007	Perfect Stranger (film)>Perfect Stranger''
2011	Hood vs. Evil''	Heidi

Heidi Klum appeared in episodes of TV shows like ''Malcolm in the Middle'' (as a toothless hockey player) and ''Cursed''. She has also guest-starred as herself in ''I Get That a Lot'', ''Spin City'', ''Sex and the City'', ''CSI: Miami'', ''How I Met Your Mother'', ''Yes, Dear'', ''Ugly Betty'' and ''Desperate Housewives''. Further, the character of Katya Nadanova in the video game ''James Bond 007: Everything or Nothing'' features her voice.

References

External links

Official Website

Interview with ''Der Spiegel'', February 12, 2006

AOL Books Interview about the book ''Body of Knowledge''

Category:1973 births Category:Living people Category:People from Bergisch Gladbach Category:American people of German descent Category:German female models Category:German film actors Category:German emigrants to the United States Category:German television actors Category:Naturalized citizens of the United States Category:Participants in American reality television series Category:People from Los Angeles, California Category:Project Runway Category:American actors

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