Events

475 – Byzantine Emperor Zeno is forced to flee his capital at Constantinople, and his general, Basiliscus gains control of the empire.

1127 – Invading Jurchen soldiers from the Jin Dynasty besiege and sack Bianjing (Kaifeng), the capital of the Song Dynasty of China, and abduct Emperor Qinzong and others, ending the Northern Song Dynasty.

1349 – The Jewish population of Basel, Switzerland, believed by the residents to be the cause of the ongoing Black Death, is rounded up and incinerated.

1431 – Judges' investigations for the trial of Joan of Arc begin in Rouen, France, the seat of the English occupation government.

1760 – Afghans defeat Marathas in the Battle of Barari Ghat.

1768 – In London, Philip Astley stages the first modern circus.

1788 – Connecticut becomes the fifth state to be admitted to the United States.

1793 – Jean-Pierre Blanchard becomes the first person to fly in a balloon in the United States.

1806 – Admiral Horatio Lord Nelson receives a state funeral and is interred in St Paul's Cathedral.

1816 – Sir Humphry Davy tests the Davy lamp for miners at Hebburn Colliery.

1822 – The Portuguese prince Pedro I of Brazil decides to stay in Brazil against the orders of the Portuguese king João VI, starting the Brazilian independence process.

1839 – The French Academy of Sciences announces the Daguerreotype photography process.

1857 – The Fort Tejon earthquake of California occurs, registering an estimated magnitude of 7.9.

1858 – Anson Jones, the last President of the Republic of Texas, commits suicide.

1861 – American Civil War: The "Star of the West" incident occurs near Charleston, South Carolina. It is considered by some historians to be the "First Shots of the American Civil War".

1861 – Mississippi becomes the second state to secede from the Union before the outbreak of the American Civil War.

1863 – American Civil War: the Battle of Fort Hindman begins in Arkansas.

1878 – Umberto I becomes King of Italy.

1880 – The Great Gale of 1880 devastates parts of Oregon and Washington with high wind and heavy snow.

1894 – New England Telephone and Telegraph installs the first battery-operated telephone switchboard in Lexington, Massachusetts.

1903 – Hallam Tennyson, 2nd Baron Tennyson, son of the famous poet Alfred Tennyson, becomes the second Governor-General of Australia.

1905 – According to the Julian Calendar which is used at the time, Russian workers stage a march on the Winter Palace that ends in the massacre by Tsarist troops known as Bloody Sunday, setting off the Russian Revolution of 1905.

1909 – Ernest Shackleton, leading the Nimrod Expedition to the South Pole, plants the British flag from the South Pole, the furthest anyone had ever reached at that time.

1914 – Phi Beta Sigma Fraternity Inc., the first historically black intercollegiate Greek-letter fraternity to be officially recognized at Howard University is founded.

1916 – World War I: The Battle of Gallipoli concludes with an Ottoman Empire victory when the last Allied forces are evacuated from the peninsula.

1917 – World War I: the Battle of Rafa occurs near the Egyptian border with Palestine.

1918 – Battle of Bear Valley: The last battle of the American Indian Wars.

1921 – Greco-Turkish War: The First Battle of İnönü, the first battle of the war, began near Eskişehir in Anatolia.

1923 – Juan de la Cierva makes the first autogyro flight.

1923 – Lithuanian residents of the Memel Territory rebelled against the League of Nations decision to leave the area as a mandated region under French control.

1927 – A fire at the Laurier Palace movie theatre in Montreal, Quebec, kills 78 children.

1941 – World War II: First flight of the Avro Lancaster.

1941 – World War II: The Greek Triton (Y-5) sinks the Italian submarine Neghelli in Otranto.

1945 – World War II: The United States invades Luzon in the Philippines.

1947 – Elizabeth "Betty" Short, the Black Dahlia, is last seen alive.

1960 – President of Egypt Gamal Abdel Nasser opens construction on the Aswan Dam by detonating ten tons of dynamite to demolish twenty tons of granite on the east bank of the Nile.

1964 – Martyrs' Day: Several Panamanian youths try to raise the Panamanian flag on the U.S.-controlled Panama Canal Zone, leading to fighting between U.S. military and Panamanian civilians.

1965 – The Mirzapur Cadet College formally opens for academic activities in East Pakistan (now Bangladesh).

1991 – Representatives from the United States and Iraq meet at the Geneva Peace Conference to try and find a peaceful resolution to the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait.

1992 – The Assembly of the Serb People in Bosnia and Herzegovina proclaims the creation of Republika Srpska, a new state within Yugoslavia.

1996 – First Chechen War: Chechen separatists launch a raid against the helicopter airfield and later a civilian hospital in the city of Kizlyar in the neighbouring Republic of Dagestan, which turns into a massive hostage crisis involving thousands of civilians.

2005 – Elections are held to replace Yasser Arafat as head of the Palestine Liberation Organization. He is succeeded by Rawhi Fattouh.

Births

1475 – Crinitus, Florentine humanist (d. 1507)

1554 – Pope Gregory XV (d. 1623)

1571 – Charles Bonaventure de Longueval, Count of Bucquoy, soldier in Habsburg service (d. 1621)

1589 – Ivan Gundulić, Croatian poet (d. 1638)

1624 – Empress Meishō (d. 1696)

1685 – Tiberius Hemsterhuis, Dutch philologist (d. 1766)

1728 – Thomas Warton, English poet (d. 1790)

1735 – John Jervis, 1st Earl of St Vincent Royal Navy, Admiral of the Fleet

1745 – Caleb Strong, 6th and 10th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1819)

1773 – Cassandra Austen, English watercolorist and sister of Jane Austen (d. 1845)

1790 – Per Daniel Amadeus Atterbom, Swedish poet (d. 1855)

1811 – Gilbert Abbott à Beckett, English writer (d. 1856)

1818 – Antoine Samuel Adam-Salomon, French sculptor and photographer (d. 1881)

1819 – James Francis, Premier of Victoria (d. 1884)

1823 – Johannes Friedrich August von Esmarch, German surgeon (d. 1908)

1829 – Thomas William Robertson, English playwright (d. 1871)

1829 – Adolf von Schlagintweit, German explorer (d. 1857)

1832 – Félix-Gabriel Marchand, French-Canadian journalist and politician (d. 1900)

1839 – John Knowles Paine, American composer (d. 1906)

1848 – Princess Frederica of Hanover (d. 1926)

1849 – John Hartley, English tennis player (d. 1935)

1854 – Jennie Jerome, American socialite and mother of Winston Churchill (d. 1921)

1856 – Anton Aškerc, Slovenian priest and poet (d. 1912)

1859 – Carrie Chapman Catt, American suffragist leader (d. 1947)

1864 – Vladimir Steklov, Russian mathematician (d. 1926)

1868 – S. P. L. Sørensen, Danish chemist (d. 1939)

1870 – Joseph B Strauss, American civil engineer (d. 1938)

1873 – Hayyim Nahman Bialik, Hebrew poet (d. 1934)

1875 – Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney, American socialite (d. 1942)

1879 – John Broadus Watson, American psychologist (d. 1958)

1881 – Lascelles Abercrombie, British poet and critic (d. 1938)

1881 – Edouard Beaupré, horse lifter (d. 1904)

1881 – Giovanni Papini, Italian writer (d. 1956)

1886 – Lloyd Loar, Acoustical engineer and inventor of the Gibson F-5 mandolin (d. 1943)

1890 – Karel Čapek, Czech writer (d. 1938)

1890 – Kurt Tucholsky, German journalist (d. 1935)

1892 – Eva Bowring, American politician (d. 1985)

1896 – Warwick Braithwaite, New Zealand-born British conductor (d. 1971)

1897 – Karl Löwith, German philosopher (d. 1973)

1898 – Wally Baker, American supercentenarian (d. 2009)

1898 – Vilma Bánky, Hungarian actress (d. 1991)

1898 – Gracie Fields, English music hall performer (d. 1979)

1900 – Richard Halliburton, American adventurer (presumed dead 1939)

1900 – Maria of Romania, Queen Consort of Yugoslavia (d. 1961)

1901 – Chic Young, American cartoonist (d. 1973)

1902 – Rudolf Bing, Austrian-born opera manager (d. 1997)

1902 – Saint Josemaría Escrivá, Spanish Catholic priest and founder of Opus Dei (d. 1975)

1903 – Hem Vejakorn, Thai illustrator (d. 1969)

1908 – Simone de Beauvoir, French author (d. 1986)

1909 – Herva Nelli, Italian-born soprano (d. 1994)

1909 – Anthony Mamo, Malta's 1st President (d. 2008)

1909 – Patrick Peyton, Irish Roman Catholic prelate (d. 1992)

1909 – J. R. Simplot, American entrepreneur (d. 2008)

1912 – Ralph Tubbs, British architect (d. 1996)

1913 – Richard Nixon, 37th President of the United States (d. 1994)

1914 – Kenny (Klook) Clarke, American jazz drummer and composer (d. 1985)

1915 – Fernando Lamas, Argentine actor (d. 1982)

1915 – Anita Louise, U.S. actress (d. 1970)

1916 – Vic Mizzy, American orchestra leader (d. 2009)

1916 – Peter Twinn, English World War II code-breaker (d. 2004)

1918 – Alma Ziegler, American baseball player [AAGPBL] (d. 2005)

1920 – Chan Canasta, Polish-British magician (d. 1999)

1920 – Clive Dunn, British actor

1920 – Hakim Mohammed Said, Pakistani scholar (d. 1998)

1921 – Lister Sinclair, Canadian broadcaster and playwright (d. 2006)

1922 – Har Gobind Khorana, Nobel laureate

1922 – Ahmed Sékou Touré, President of Guinea (d. 1984)

1924 – Sergei Parajanov, Armenian film director (d. 1990)

1925 – Lee Van Cleef, American actor (d. 1989)

1926 – Jean-Pierre Côté, Canadian politician, Lieutenant governor of Quebec (d. 2002)

1928 – Judith Krantz, American author

1928 – Domenico Modugno, Italian singer and songwriter (d. 1994)

1929 – Brian Friel, Irish dramatist

1929 – Heiner Muller, German dramatist (d. 1995)

1929 – Dorothea Puente, American serial killer

1931 – Algis Budrys, American author (d. 2008)

1933 – Robert Garcia, American politician

1933 – Wilbur Smith, Zambian-British novelist

1934 – Bart Starr, American football player

1935 – Bob Denver, American actor (d. 2005)

1935 – Dick Enberg, American sportscaster

1935 – Earl G. Graves, Sr., African-American publisher

1935 – Brian Harradine, Australian independent Senator

1936 – Anne Rivers Siddons, American writer

1938 – Stuart Woods, American novelist

1939 – Susannah York, British actress (d. 2011)

1940 – Jimmy Boyd, American actor and singer (d. 2009)

1940 – Barbara Buczek, Polish composer (d. 1993)

1940 – Al Downing, American singer (d. 2005)

1940 – Ruth Dreifuss, Swiss politician

1941 – Joan Baez, American singer and activist

1941 – Gilles Vaillancourt, Quebec politician

1942 – K Callan, American actress

1942 – Lee Kun-hee, Korean industrialist, chairman of Samsung

1942 – Judy Malloy, American hypertext fiction pioneer and artist

1943 – Robert Drewe, Australian author

1943 – Elmer MacFadyen, Canadian politician (d. 2007)

1943 – Freddie Starr, English comedian and singer

1943 – Scott Walker, American singer

1944 – Ian Hornak, American painter, draughtsman and sculptor (d. 2002)

1944 – Jimmy Page, British musician and producer (Led Zeppelin)

1945 – John Doman, American actor

1947 – Ronnie Landfield, American artist

1948 – Bill Cowsill, American singer (The Cowsills) (d. 2006)

1948 – Cassie Gaines, backup Singer (Lynyrd Skynyrd) (d. 1977)

1950 – David Johansen, American singer

1950 – Rio Reiser, German singer (d. 1996)

1951 – M.L. Carr, basketball player and coach

1951 – Crystal Gayle, American singer

1952 – Hugh Bayley, British politician

1952 – Michael Capuano, American politician, United States Congressman from Massachusetts

1953 – Javad Alizadeh, Iranian cartoonist.

1953 – Morris Gleitzman, British-Australian children's author

1954 – Philippa Gregory, English historical novelist

1955 – Michiko Kakutani, American literary critic

1955 – J. K. Simmons, American actor

1956 – Kimberly Beck, American actress

1956 – Imelda Staunton, British actress

1956 – Mike Walczewski, American public address announcer at Madison Square Garden

1957 – Bibie, Ghanaian singer

1957 – Phil Lewis, American singer (L.A. Guns)

1958 – Mehmet Ali Ağca, Turkish attempted assassin of Pope John Paul II

1958 – Stephen Neale, British philosopher

1959 – Mark Martin, American race car driver

1959 – Rigoberta Menchú, Nobel Peace Prize laureate

1959 – Cristi Minculescu, Romanian musician

1959 – Otis Nixon, American baseball player

1961 – Oliver Goldstick, American screenwriter

1963 – Michael Everson, expert in writing systems and Unicode

1965 – Darren Bennett, Australian-born American football player

1965 – Muggsy Bogues, American basketball player

1965 – Iain Dowie, English football manager

1965 – Eric Erlandson, American musician

1965 – Haddaway, Trinidadian singer

1965 – Joely Richardson, British actress

1966 – Jan Johansen, Swedish singer

1967 – Carl Bell, American musician

1967 – Claudio Caniggia, Argentinian footballer

1967 – Steve Harwell, American singer and musician (Smash Mouth)

1967 – Dave Matthews, South African singer and musician

1967 – Gary Teichmann, South African rugby player

1968 – Jimmy Adams, West Indian cricketer

1968 – Joey Lauren Adams, American actress

1968 – Catalina Saavedra, Chilean actress

1968 – Al Schnier, American rock guitarist (moe.)

1970 – Lara Fabian, Belgian singer

1970 – Alex Staropoli, Italian keyboardist (Rhapsody Of Fire)

1970 – Mia X, American rapper

1971 – Daniel Dumile, American hip hop artist

1971 – Angie Martinez, American rapper and radio talk host

1971 – Yusuke Naora, Japanese game art director

1971 – Hal Niedzviecki, Canadian author

1971 – Scott Thornton, Canadian ice hockey player

1972 – Sarah Beeny, British TV personality

1972 – Mat Hoffman, Professional BMX Rider

1972 – Jay Powell, baseball player

1973 – Angela Bettis, American actress

1973 – Sean Paul, Jamaican ragga and hip hop musician

1974 – Farhan Akhtar, Indian Bollywood director, actor, producer, singer.

1975 – Kiko Calero, Puerto Rican baseball player

1975 – Kim Mathers, Eminem's Ex Wife

1976 – Radek Bonk, Czech ice hockey player

1976 – Simon Gosejohann, German comedian

1976 – Todd Grisham, American professional wrestling interviewer

1977 – Beth Troutman, American production assistant

1978 – Mathieu Garon, Canadian ice hockey player

1978 – Gennaro Gattuso, Italian footballer

1978 – AJ McLean, American singer (Backstreet Boys)

1978 – Chad Ochocinco, American football player

1978 – Maggie Rizer, American model and AIDS activist

1979 – Athanassios Prittas, Greek footballer

1979 – Tomiko Van, Japanese singer

1980 – Sergio García, Spanish golfer

1981 – Euzebiusz Smolarek, Polish footballer

1982 – Timmy Bowers, American basketball player

1982 – Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge

1983 – Sharad Malhotra, Indian television actor

1984 – Benjamin Danso, German rugby player

1986 – Jéferson, Brazilian footballer

1987 – Sam Bird, English racing driver

1987 – Mao Inoue, Japanese actress

1987 – Lucas Pezzini Leiva, Brazilian footballer

1987 – Paolo Nutini, Scottish singer/songwriter

1987 – Pablo Santos, Mexican actor (d. 2006)

1989 – Michael Beasley, American basketball player

1989 – Nina Dobrev, Bulgarian actress

1989 – Michaëlla Krajicek, Dutch tennis player

1989 – Chris Sandow, Australian Rugby League player

1990 – Melissa Ricks, Filipina actress

Deaths

1150 – Emperor Xizong of Jin is murdered by Prince Hailing of Jin in a Coup d'état. (b. 1119)

1282 – Abû 'Uthmân Sa'îd ibn Hakam al Qurashi, ruler of Minorca (b. 1204)

1283 – Wen Tianxiang, Prime Minister of China (executed) (b. 1236)

1499 – John Cicero, elector of Brandenburg (b. 1455)

1514 – Anna, Duchess of Brittany, queen of Charles VIII of France (b. 1477)

1543 – Guillaume du Bellay, French diplomat and general (b. 1491)

1562 – Amago Haruhisa, Japanese warlord (b. 1514)

1571 – Nicolas Durand de Villegaignon, French naval officer (b. 1510)

1598 – Jasper Heywood, English translator (b. 1553)

1677 – Aernout van der Neer, Dutch painter (b. 1603)

1757 – Bernard le Bovier de Fontenelle, French scientist and man of letters (b. 1657)

1757 – Louis Bertrand Castel, French mathematician (b. 1688)

1766 – Thomas Birch, British historian (b. 1705)

1799 – Maria Gaetana Agnesi, Italian scientist (b. 1718)

1800 – Jean Étienne Championnet, French general (b. 1762)

1805 – Noble Wimberly Jones, American Continental Congressman (b. 1723)

1843 – William Hedley, British industrial engineer (b. 1773)

1848 – Caroline Herschel, German-born astronomer (b. 1750)

1858 – Anson Jones, 5th and last President of Texas (suicide) (b. 1798)

1873 – Emperor Napoleon III of France (b. 1808)

1876 – Samuel Gridley Howe, American abolitionist (b. 1801)

1877 – Alexander Brullov, Russia painter (b. 1799)

1878 – King Victor Emmanuel II of Italy (b. 1820)

1895 – Aaron Lufkin Dennison, American watch manufacturer (b. 1812)

1901 – Richard Copley Christie, English scholar (b. 1830)

1908 – Wilhelm Busch, German painter (b. 1832)

1908 – Abraham Goldfaden, Russian-born actor (b. 1840)

1911 – Edwin Arthur Jones, American composer (b. 1853)

1911 – Edvard Rusjan, Slovene flight pioneer (b. 1886)

1918 – Émile Reynaud, French scientist (b. 1844)

1923 – Katherine Mansfield, New Zealand writer (b. 1888)

1927 – Houston Stewart Chamberlain, British pro-Aryan anti-semitic writer, son-in-law of Richard Wagner (b. 1855)

1931 – Wayne Munn, wrestler (b. 1896)

1936 – John Gilbert, American actor (b. 1899)

1939 – Johann Strauss III, Austrian conductor (b. 1866)

1945 – Jüri Uluots, Estonian Prime Minister (b. 1890)

1946 – Countee Cullen, American poet (b. 1903)

1946 – Dimitrios Golemis, Greek athlete (b. 1874)

1947 – Karl Mannheim, German sociologist (b. 1893)

1960 – Elsie J. Oxenham, British children's author (b. 1880)

1961 – Emily Greene Balch, American writer, Nobel Peace Prize laureate (b. 1867)

1971 – Elmer Flick, baseball player (b. 1876)

1972 – Ted Shawn, American dancer (b. 1891)

1975 – Pierre Fresnay, French actor (b. 1897)

1975 – Pyotr Novikov, Russian mathematician (b. 1901)

1979 – Pier Luigi Nervi, Italian engineer and architect (b. 1891)

1981 – Kazimierz Serocki, Polish composer (b. 1922)

1984 – Wolfgang Staudte, German director (b. 1906)

1985 – Robert Mayer, British businessman and philanthropist (b. 1879)

1987 – Arthur Lake, American actor (b. 1905)

1989 – Bill Terry, baseball player (b. 1898)

1990 – Sir Edward McTiernan, Australian jurist, lawyer and politician (b. 1892)

1990 – Spud Chandler, baseball player (b. 1907)

1992 – Steve Brodie, American actor (b. 1919)

1992 – Bill Naughton, British playwright (b. 1910)

1993 – Sir Paul Hasluck, Governor-General of Australia (b. 1905)

1994 – Johnny Temple, baseball player (b. 1927)

1995 – Peter Cook, British actor and comedian (b. 1937)

1995 – Souphanouvong, President of Laos (b. 1909)

1997 – Edward Osobka-Morawski, Prime Minister of Poland (b. 1909)

1997 – Jesse White, American actor (b. 1917)

1998 – Kenichi Fukui, Japanese chemist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry laureate (b. 1918)

1998 – Charito Solis, Filipino actress (b. 1935)

2000 – Ted Jones, Hydroplane builder/designer (b. 1908)

2000 – Nigel Tranter, Scottish historian and author (b. 1909)

2001 – Maurice Prather, American photographer (b. 1926)

2003 – Will McDonough, American sports journalist (b. 1935)

2004 – Norberto Bobbio, Italian philosopher (b. 1909)

2005 – Gonzalo Gavira, Mexican film sound technician (b. 1925)

2006 – Andy Caldecott, Australian motorcycle racer (b. 1964)

2006 – Mikk Mikiver, Estonian actor, director (b. 1937)

2007 – Elmer Symons, South African motorcycle racer (b. 1977)

2007 – Jean-Pierre Vernant, French structuralist historian and anthropologist (b. 1914)

2008 – Johnny Grant, American radio personality, television producer (b. 1923)

2008 – Mehran Ghassemi, Iranian journalist (b. 1977)

2008 – Sir John Harvey-Jones, chairman of ICI from 1982 to 1987 (b. 1924)

2008 – Liam Quinn, Provisional IRA member (b. 1949)

2009 – Rob Gauntlett, English adventurer, explorer and motivational speaker (b. 1987)

2009 – T. Llew Jones, Welsh author (b. 1915)

2010 – Vimcy, Sports writer (b. 1925)

Holidays and observances

Christian Feast Day:

*Adrian of Canterbury

*Metropolitan Philip II of Moscow

*January 9 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)

Feast of the Most Holy Black Nazarene (Quiapo district, Manila, Philippines)

Martyrs' Day (Panama)

Republic Day (Republika Srpska)

External links

BBC: On This Day

On This Day in Canada

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Category:Days of the year Category:January

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Coordinates	12°2′36″N77°1′42″N
alt	Gary Jules performing live at the Hotel Café on December 9, 2008
name	Gary Jules
background	solo_singer
birth name	Gary Jules Aguirre, Jr.
birth date	March 19, 1969San Diego, California,
instrument	Vocals, guitar, piano, mandolin, harmonica, ukulele
genre	Rock, folk, alternative rock
website	www.garyjules.com }}

Gary Jules (born March 19, 1969 as Gary Jules Aguirre, Jr.) is an American singer-songwriter, best known for his cover of Tears for Fears' third single "Mad World", which he recorded together with friend Michael Andrews for the film Donnie Darko. It became the UK Christmas Number One single of 2003. Since then it has been used on popular American TV shows, in a commercial for the critically acclaimed video game Gears of War, an episode of CSI: Las Vegas, and a Season 5 episode of the medical drama House.

Some of Jules' early projects/bands were The Ivory Knights, Our Town Pansies, Woodenfish, Kofi, The Origin, Invisible, No poetry, and Heroes and Heroin. His 2003 residency at the Los Angeles Hotel Café helped develop the venue as a successful singer/songwriter venue.

Songs

Gary Jules recorded a cover of the song "Mad World" (by Tears For Fears) for the film Donnie Darko and later released it as a single in December 2003. It was a huge success becoming the Christmas No. 1 in the UK. It has also become a popular choice for background music in numerous television dramas. The song was used repeatedly during James Franco's acting stint on General Hospital, playing the part of a homicidal artist named Franco. In one episode of the television show Without a Trace, the Jules' version of Mad World was played during the last part of the episode and into the credits. The song was also featured in the TV series Smallville, and during the beginning of the CSI: Crime Scene Investigation episode, the trailer for The Crazies," as well as in The Cavaliers Drum and Bugle Corps' 2010 Production "Mad World." Most recently, it was used on the new series Stolen voices, Buried secrets from Investigation Discovery and also in Silent Witness episode 61 (3rd episode of season 10), part one of Terminus.

American Idol contestant Adam Lambert sang Jules's version of "Mad World" for the top 8 performance, which was highly praised by the judges and viewers, and repeated the song in a different dramatic presentation for the top 2 performance, as well as during the American Idols Live! 2009 tour. Following the performance, Jules's version of "Mad World" shot up to #11 on the iTunes store. Jules has stated he did well until he added a long drawn out note at the end.

His song "Gone Daddy" is based upon his family and himself relocating to North Carolina. When living in L.A. a neighbor was gunned down at night. While the police were investigating the shooting, Gary approached one of the officers and explained that his child was trying to take a nap. Gary asked if the officer knew when they would be finished. The officer told Gary he did not know, but he could always leave L.A. So, Gary did.

His song "Wichita" was inspired by a class Gary took at UCLA regarding Native American history. There was a story about how the Native Americans followed the buffalo around the nation to survive, and when the "white men" finished the intercontinental railroad, the buffalo started to head back south. When they came upon the railroad, the buffalo would not cross it, and millions of them died. Gary has only spent one night in the actual city of Wichita.

Gary has stated that "No Poetry" is possibly his favorite song he has written. His song "Something Else" was featured on the Season 5 episode "My Fallen Idol" of the NBC TV show Scrubs.

Gary also sang on the Esquimaux song "Honey & Dear" from their album Perfecto!.

Career

Music videos

"Mad World" Directed by Michel Gondry (2004)

"Broke Window"

"Beautiful". Stop animation by Tony Clavelli. (2009)

Television appearances

Appearances on television as himself

RI:SE

*Aired December 16, 2003

Friday Night with Jonathan Ross

*Episode #5.14 2003

Top of the Pops

*"Mad World" with Michael Andrews. Aired December 19, 2003

Top of the Pops NL

*Episode #1.165 2004

Today with Des and Mel

*Aired February 12, 2004

The Tonight Show with Jay Leno

*Aired March 29, 2004

XETV Fox Rox

*April 8, 2004

Never Mind the Buzzcocks

*Episode #14.7 2004

SWR3 Ringfrei

*"Mad World"

Last Call with Carson Daly

*Aired June 5, 2007

RTL German TV

*Performed World" Aired January 22, 2010

Television placements

CBS CSI: Crime Scene Investigation

*”Mad World” (Season 1, episode 1-Pilot. Aired October 6, 2000.)

The WB Smallville

*“Mad World” (Season 2, episode 11-Visage. Aired January 14, 2003.)

NBC Third Watch

*”Mad World” (Season 4, episode 15-Collateral Damage: Part 2. Aired February 10, 2003.)

CBS Without A Trace

*"Mad World" (Season 2, episode 1-The Bus. Aired September 25, 2003.)

ABC Alias

*”Something Else” (Season 3, episode 3-Reunion. Aired October 12, 2003.)

CBS CSI: Crime Scene Investigation

*”Mad World” (Season 6, episode 2-Room Service. Aired September 29, 2005.)

CBS CSI: Crime Scene Investigation

*”Mad World” (Season 6, episode 14-Killer. Aired February 2, 2006.)

NBC Scrubs

*”Something Else” (Season 5, episode 21-My Fallen Idol. Aired May 2, 2006.)

CBS CSI: Crime Scene Investigation

*”Mad World” (Season 6, episode 24-Way To Go. Aired May 18, 2006.)

ABC Grey’s Anatomy

*”Falling Awake” (Season 3, episode 12-Six Days: Part 2. Aired January 4, 2007.)

CBS Jericho

*”Mad World” (Season 1, episode 17-One Man’s Terrorist. Aired April 4, 2007.)

ABC Brothers & Sisters

*“Falling Awake” (Season 1, episode 21-Grapes of Wrath. Aired May 6, 2007.)

TV3 Colors en sèrie (Spain)

*”Mad World” (Negre: El túnel al final de la llum.2007)

A&E; The Cleaner

*”Mad World” (Season 1, episode 6-To Catch a Fed. Aired August 26, 2008.)

CW 90210

*”Greetings from the Side” (Season 1, episode 9-Secrets and Lies. Aired November 4, 2008.)

NBC Friday Night Lights

*”Beautiful” (Season 3, episode 13-Tomorrow Blues. Aired January 14, 2009.)

NBC-Life

*"Been A Long Time" (Episode 215-I Heart Mom. Aired February 18, 2009)

FX-Nip/Tuck

*"Mad World" (Season 6, episode 2 Enigma Aired October 21, 2009.)

CW Life Unexpected

*”Falling Awake” (Season 1, episode 1-Pilot. Aired January 18, 2010.)

ABC Private Practice

*”The Old Days Are Gone” (Season 3, episode 12-Best Laid Plans. Aired January 21, 2010.)

ABC General Hospital

*”Mad World”

**Episode #1.11938 (19 November 2009) - Franco

**Episode #1.11939 (20 November 2009) - Franco

**Episode #1.11940 (23 November 2009) - Franco

**Episode #1.11941 (24 November 2009) - Franco

**Episode #1.11943 (30 November 2009) - Franco

**Episode #1.11945 (2 December 2009) - Franco

**Episode #1.11951 (10 December 2009) - Franco

**Episode #1.11952 (11 December 2009) - Franco

**Episode #1.11953 (14 December 2009) - Franco

**Episode #1.11956 (17 December 2009) - Franco

**Episode #1.11957 (18 December 2009) - Franco

**Episode #1.11958 (21 December 2009) - Franco

**Episode #1.11961 (28 December 2009) - Franco

**Episode #1.11962 (29 December 2009) - Franco

**Episode #1.11963 (30 December 2009) - Franco

**Episode #1.11964 (4 January 2010) - Franco

**Episode #1.11965 (5 January 2010) - Franco

**Episode #1.11966 (6 January 2010) - Franco

**Episode #1.11967 (7 January 2010) - Franco

**Episode #1.11968 (8 January 2010) - Franco

**Episode #1.11969 (11 January 2010) - Franco

**Episode #1.11984 (1 February 2010) - Franco

**Episode #1.11985 (2 February 2010) - Franco

FOX So You Think You Can Dance?

*”Mad World" (alternate version) (Season 7, week 7. Aired July 28, 2010.)

ID Investigation Discovery Stolen Voices, Buried Secrets

*"Mad World (2011)

SYFY Being Human

*"Mad World" (Season 1, Episode 9 Aired March 2011.)

Movie placements

Digging to China (1998)

*“Greetings from the Side”

Donnie Darko (2001)

*”Mad World”

Catch and Release (2006)

*”Pills”

Lost Islands (2008)

*"Mad World"

Fireflies in the Garden (2008)

*"Greetings from the Side"

The Boondock Saints II: All Saints Day (2009)

*"Mad World"

I Will Follow You Into The Dark (2010)

*"Mad World"

Trailers

Xbox 360 Gears of War-trailer (2006)

*"Mad World"

The Cleaner (2008)

*"Mad World"

The Crazies-trailer (2009)

*"Mad World"

Documentaries

Michel Gondry 2: More Videos (Before and After DVD 1) (2009)

*appears in the "Mad World" segment

Joseph Aguirre's "Next Year Country" (2009)

*soundtrack music

Theater

Playwright Stephen Adly Guirgis refers to Gary Jules in his play The Little Flower of East Orange. This show, directed by Philip Seymour Hoffman and starring Ellen Burstyn, premiered at the Public Theater in New York on April 6, 2008. The songs “Goodnight Billie” and “Little Greenie” were featured in this production. In the acknowledgments section of the Faber and Faber, Inc. published version of the play, Guirgis writes, “SPECIAL THANKS TO GARY JULES FOR THE MUSIC.”

Act one, scene three: NADINE hits Play. It’s “Little Greenie” by Gary Jules. NADINE:Okay...One time, I was gonna kill myself, but then I played this Gary Jules song like twenty-seven times.

Discography

Albums

Greetings from the Side – 1998

Trading Snakeoil for Wolftickets – 2001, U.S. #144

Gary Jules – 2006

Bird – 2008

EPs

Live at Lime Presents Gary Jules-2009

Daytrotter Session – 2009

Compilations

Ministry of Sound:Chillout Sessions: Summer Collection 2003 (2003)

*Track 1 “Mad World”

Echo: Acoustic 3 (2003)

*Disc 1 Track 3 “Mad World”

Now That’s What I Call Music! 56 (2003)

*Disc 2 Track 21 “Mad World”

KSGR 107.1: Broadcasts Volume 12 (2004)

*Disc 2 Track 5 “Mad World”

Sanctuary TV: The Essential Acoustic Album (2004)

*Disc 1 Track 1 “Mad World”

Rolling Stone Deutschland: New Noises, Volume 64 (2004)

*Track 7 “Pills”

Sony Music TV: The All Time Greatest Love Songs (2004)

*Disc 1 Track 9 “Mad World”

Virgin Records-UK: Now That’s What I Call Music!: Years (2004)

*Disc 3 Track 2 “Mad World”

BMG TV: The Ultimate Smooth Album (2004)

*Disc 2 Track 2 “Mad World”

Sony Music TV: Natural Woman: The Autumn Collection (2004)

*Track 19 “Mad World”

BMG TV: Beautiful: the New Collections Autumn (2004)

*Track 17 “Mad World”

Warner UK: The Ultimate All Time Classic Tearjerkers (2004)

*Disc 1 Track 1 “Mad World”

Alice 97.3: This is Alice Music, Volume 8 (2004)

*Track 12 “Mad World”

MSI Music Distribution: Hits 60 (2004)

*Track 38 “Mad World”

RCA Records (USA): Nightfly, Volume One (2004)

*Track 32 “Mad World (Remix)”

Messenger Records: Wouldn’t It Be Beautiful? (2005)

*Track 6 “Patchwork G”

*Track 8 “Broke Window”

Rounder Select: Trampoline Records Greatest Hits, Volume One (2005)

*Track 4 “Dtla”

Starbucks’: Sweetheart: Love Songs(2005)

*Track 5 “How Can I Tell You’’ Cat Stevens cover

KCRW: Sounds Eclectic: The Covers Project (2007)

*Track 10 “Mad World”

Circle Back Music: Songs for a Broken Heart (2008)

*Track 12 "No Poetry"

Robin Danar: Altered States (2008)

*Track 12 “Weirdo” The Charlatans cover

Collaborations

Michael Andrews - Donnie Darko (2001)

*Track 17 "Mad World" and Track 18 "Mad World (Alternate Mix)" (featured)

Jim Bianco - Handsome Devil (2004)

*Track 6 "Tennessee Wedding" (background vocals)

Esquimaux - perfecto! (2005)

*Track 12 "Honey & Dear" (featured)

Jim Bianco - Sing (2008)

*Track 2 "Sing" and Track 6 "If Your Mama Knew" (background vocals)

Angel Taylor - Love Travels (2009)

*guitar, mandolin, background vocals

Quotations

"Ideally, I would love to sing for an audience of 3,000 (or 30,000) people who are so cool that it feels like 3 people. I like to try and connect on a very personal level, and I'd like nothing more than for 3,000 people to come together and have an extremely intimate experience all-together at my shows."

"I think one could make a very good argument that a lot of art, particularly music, is born of suffering. I think the person who writes songs with a deeper resonance makes it their business to think about things like that."

"As far as advice for struggling artists, I'd say separating your art from struggle is the worst mistake you can make. If you really want to be an artist, expect to be struggling forever. You'll struggle to get recognition and once you get recognition you'll have to struggle to change people's opinion when you want to do something slightly different. You have to love exactly what it is you're doing. You have to love the work in order to get by. If you do love it, it doesn't matter what the rest of the world thinks, which is the greatest part."

"I found out that people through the ages are exactly the same as now, they had the same issues, the same desires. One thing that's clear when you read old literature is that there are some great universal truths — things like fart jokes, guys screwing other people's wives and the hunger for power."

References

External links

Official Website

Gary Jules on Myspace

Gary Jules on Facebook

Gary Jules on IMDb

Gary Jules on CDBaby

Gary Jules on iTunes

Gary Jules collection at the Internet Archive's live music archive

Gary Jules on KCRW's Morning Becomes Eclectic with Nic Harcourt 07.03.02

Gary Jules on KCRW's Morning Becomes Eclectic with Nic Harcourt 04.27.04

Gary Jules on KCRW's Morning Becomes Eclectic with Nic Harcourt 11.21.08

Gary Jules on NPR's Mountain Stage 2009

Gary Jules live at Daytrotter 2009 session

Gary Jules at AOL Music

Gary Jules on The TV Guide Channel's M Vids July 2007

Gary Jules featured on MSNBC's "Your Business" circa 2006

Interview with WickedInfo.com

Category:1969 births Category:People from Fresno, California Category:People from San Diego, California Category:Living people Category:University of California, Los Angeles alumni Category:American male singers Category:American rock singers Category:Songwriters from California Category:American musicians Category:American singer-songwriters Category:American acoustic guitarists Category:Musicians from California Category:Ivor Novello Award winners

de:Gary Jules es:Gary Jules fr:Gary Jules hr:Gary Jules it:Gary Jules nl:Gary Jules pt:Gary Jules simple:Gary Jules fi:Gary Jules sv:Gary Jules

Coordinates	12°2′36″N77°1′42″N
Name	Jan Hammer
Background	non_vocal_instrumentalist
Birth name	Jan Hammer
Birth date	April 17, 1948
Instrument	Keyboards, Drums
Genre	Jazz fusion, Synthpop, Pop rock
Occupation	Musician, Songwriter, Producer
Years active	1968–present
Associated acts	Mahavishnu Orchestra, Jan Hammer Group, Jeff Beck, Al Di Meola, Mick Jagger, Carlos Santana, Stanley Clarke, Neal Schon, Steve Lukather, Elvin Jones
Website	http://www.janhammer.com }}

Jan Hammer () (born 17 April 1948, in Prague, then Czechoslovakia, today the Czech Republic) is a composer, pianist and keyboardist. He is probably best known for playing keyboards with the Mahavishnu Orchestra in the early 70s, as well as his "Miami Vice Theme" and "Crockett's Theme", from the popular 1980s US television program, Miami Vice.

Hammer has collaborated with some of the era's most influential jazz and rock musicians such as Jeff Beck, Al Di Meola, Mick Jagger, Carlos Santana, Stanley Clarke, Neal Schon, Steve Lukather, and Elvin Jones among many others. He has composed and produced at least 14 original motion picture soundtracks, the music for 90 episodes of Miami Vice and 20 episodes of the popular British television series Chancer.

His compositions have won him several Grammy awards.

Biography

Early life

Jan Hammer was born in Prague, then capital of Czechoslovakia (now the Czech Republic). His mother was a well-known Czech singer named Vlasta Průchová, and his father was a doctor who worked his way through school playing vibes and bass. Hammer began playing the piano at the age of four and his formal instruction started two years later. He aspired to follow his father into medicine until a family friend convinced him to develop his musical talents instead. Hammer formed a jazz trio in high school, performing and recording throughout Eastern Europe at the age of fourteen. Upon entrance to the Prague Academy of Musical Arts, he completed many compulsory classes including harmony, counterpoint, music history, and classical composition.

When the Soviet Union invaded Czechoslovakia in 1968, Hammer's studies at the Academy were cut short, and he moved to the United States and resolved to become a citizen after receiving a scholarship at Berklee College of Music in Boston.

Upon completion of his studies, Hammer spent a year touring with Sarah Vaughan, recorded with Elvin Jones and Jeremy Steig, then moved to Lower Manhattan and joined the original lineup of the Mahavishnu Orchestra with guitarist John McLaughlin, violinist Jerry Goodman, bassist Rick Laird, and drummer Billy Cobham in 1971. A successful jazz fusion band, they performed some 530 shows before their farewell concert on December 30, 1973. Hammer was one of the early pioneers who played the Mini Moog synthesizer in a touring group.

After recording albums with Goodman and John Abercrombie (ECM session Timeless with Jack DeJohnette) in 1974, Hammer's solo career began with the release of The First Seven Days (1975). He produced and recorded the album at Red Gate Studio, which he'd built in his upstate New York farmhouse and which has been the location of his recordings ever since.

The Jan Hammer Group was formed in 1976 and supported The First Seven Days on tour, receiving good reviews from both jazz and rock critics. The group turned out three LPs the following year: their own Oh, Yeah? and, with Jeff Beck, the RIAA platinum Wired (with Jan's "Blue Wind"), and Jeff Beck with the Jan Hammer Group Live, a chronicle of their 100-show tour together, certified gold. One final album by the group followed in 1977, Melodies.

Hammer composed music for Czech fairy-tale Šíleně smutná princezna (The Incredibly Sad Princess).

1970s and 80s

Hammer returned to solo work with the release of Black Sheep in 1978. He then formed a new band, known as "Hammer". Also in 1978, he wrote and performed on three songs for Jeff Beck's next album, There and Back which was released in 1980. One of the album tracks, "Star Cycle," went on to become the theme for the British television series The Tube.

The '80s arrived with concurrent (though highly contrasting) projects with two of today's most respected guitarists. In 1977 with Al Di Meola, Hammer recorded Elegant Gypsy. Casino, Splendido Hotel and Electric Rendezvous followed. He then joined Di Meola for a tour chronicled the same year on Tour De Force - Live; and finally appeared throughout Scenario, utilizing his new Fairlight CMI digital synthesizer and contributing to more than half of the album's compositions.

At the same time, the duo known as Schon & Hammer, with the mega-platinum band Journey's guitarist Neal Schon, recorded Untold Passion in 1981 and Here to Stay in 1982.

Despite his active schedule, Hammer took the stage with Jeff Beck in December 1983 for the nine U.S. benefit concerts that raised money for Ronnie Lane's A.R.M.S. (Action Research into Multiple Sclerosis), featuring Jimmy Page, Eric Clapton, Joe Cocker and a host of others. Into 1984, his various talents were employed on recordings as diverse as James Young's (Styx) first solo album, City Slicker for which he co-wrote and produced; John Abercrombie's Night; Mick Jagger's first solo album, She's the Boss; and Jeff Beck's Flash which included Hammer's song "Escape", winner of the 1985 Grammy award for "Best Rock Instrumental Performance".

Miami Vice and successes

Hammer's original scores for three major motion pictures complement a long list of credits for documentaries, "made-for-TV" movies in the U.S., commercials, and station identifications. But his greatest challenge came in the fall of 1984, when the producers of Miami Vice enlisted him to commence the rigorous weekly schedule of scoring the series.

The popular success of his music on the series was evident after just one season when, on November 2, 1985, the Miami Vice Soundtrack hit number one on the Billboard Top Pop album charts. The album achieved quadruple-platinum status with U.S. sales of more than four million copies.

At the Grammy awards in February 1986, "Miami Vice Theme" earned Hammer two awards; one for "Best Pop Instrumental Performance" and one for "Best Instrumental Composition". He also earned Emmy award nominations in 1985 and 1986, for "Outstanding Achievement in Musical Composition". At the end of 1986, Hammer won Keyboard Magazine's poll as "Best Studio Synthesist" for a second consecutive year. He had previously won the "Best Lead Synthesist" honor for seven years, at which time he was inducted into the Keyboard Hall of Fame.

In 1988, Hammer bowed out of full-time musical chores for Miami Vice.

The first project to spring from the new Red Gate was Hammer's original soundtrack for Clinton and Nadine for HBO Films.

Hammer's next two assignments contributed greatly to his next album. First, at the end of the summer, he was commissioned to compose and perform a theme entitled "The Runner" for a major series of television advertisements in England that starred Bob Geldof. Second, Hammer composed and performed the theme music for the top-rated new bi-weekly pan-European television series, Eurocops, which premiered in seven countries that November.

Snapshots was the first full album from the new Red Gate studio in 1989, with Hammer composing, performing and producing every track. The promo video for "Too Much to Lose," the album's first European single, featured Jeff Beck, David Gilmour of Pink Floyd, and Ringo Starr.

The 90s

The '90s saw a renewed focus on scoring, starting with I Come in Peace (a.k.a. "Dark Angel", composed in 89 but released in 1990), Curiosity Kills and all twenty episodes of the British television series, Chancer, several episodes of HBO's Tales from the Crypt; a television spot for Amnesty International, featuring Czech president Václav Havel, two pilots for NBC, Knight Rider 2000 and News at 12, The Taking of Beverly Hills (Columbia Pictures) and New Line Cinema's Sunset Heat.

Hammer's next project was as composer and performer of the original score for the Miramar Productions video album, Beyond the Mind's Eye.

1994 was dominated by Hammer's recording of Drive, his first full-fledged album of original new non-soundtrack material under his name in several years. He was reunited with longtime partner Jeff Beck on "Underground", reminiscent of their collaborations of the past.

In 1995, Hammer returned to his scoring and soundtrack work. He began with the one hour Universal drama Vanishing Son, then went on to compose the theme and score for 13 episodes of the series. He composed and performed the original music for two feature films, both released in 1996: A Modern Affair and In the Kingdom of the Blind the Man with One Eye Is King. Hammer wrapped up the year scoring Beastmaster III: The Eye of Braxus.

In 1996, Hammer's scoring assignments included the NBC Movie of the Week, The Babysitter’s Seduction, The Secret Agent Club, and The Corporate Ladder.

Also in 1996 (and through 2000) Hammer was commissioned to compose all the original music for TV Nova, the first commercial television network in Eastern Europe, based in the Czech Republic. He composed everything—including themes for 23 original shows produced by the network, 50 separate station ID’s, the music for all of the network’s special broadcasts, plus the music for all the news, sports and weather programs.

In 1997, Hammer also composed the hard-driving rock soundtrack for the new CD-ROM game, Outlaw Racers (MegaMedia). His next project was the theme and original music score for the pilot and the series of Prince Street.

Hammer started off 1999 by writing, performing and producing a tune, "Even Odds" for Jeff Beck’s latest album Who Else! (Epic). Also, 1999 saw the release of The Lost Trident Sessions, the third (and last) studio album from his former group, the Mahavishnu Orchestra. The album was recorded in 1973 just prior to the band's breakup.

2000 to Present

Jan Hammer produced the original score for Cocaine Cowboys, a 2006 documentary depicting the infamous Miami drug trade scene of the 1980s. Hammer's soundtrack of the film was released in 2007.

Also in the fall of 2004 Hammer released the album The Best of Miami Vice on the Reality label in the U.S. The Best of Miami Vice contains newly recorded versions of "Miami Vice Theme" and "Crockett’s Theme", as well as one bonus track never before released on CD.

In February 2005, after years of anticipation, Universal Studios Home Entertainment finally released the first season of Miami Vice on three double-sided DVDs. One of the package’s discs contained bonus material, including an extensive interview and archival footage of Hammer creating music for the show back in 1985.

To coincide with the release of the DVD, Reality Records released a newly recorded version of "Crockett’s Theme" to AC (Adult Contemporary) radio in America.

In 2006 Hammer was asked to collaborate with the singer/rapper TQ for a brand new version of his song "Crockett's Theme". The result of their work was The Jan Hammer Project Featuring TQ (Terrance Quaites): Crockett's Theme. A CD single of this new version climbed up the charts in Europe, hitting #1 on the iTunes Europe download list.

Discography

As leader

! Album
The Jan Hammer Trio	Maliny Maliny (aka Make Love)	(1968)	MPS Records
Jerry Goodman & Jan Hammer	Like Children	(1974)	Nemperor / Sony
Jan Hammer	The First Seven Days (album)>The First Seven Days	(1975)	Nemperor / Sony
Jan Hammer Group	Oh Yeah? (album)>Oh Yeah?	(1976)	Nemperor / Sony
Jan Hammer Group	Jeff Beck with the Jan Hammer Group Live	(1977)	Epic
Jan Hammer Group	Melodies	(1977)	Nemperor / Sony
Hammer	Black Sheep	(1978)	Elektra / Asylum
Hammer	Hammer	(1979)	Elektra / Asylum
Neal Schon & Jan Hammer	Untold Passion	(1981)	Columbia
Neal Schon & Jan Hammer	Here to Stay (Schon & Hammer album)>Here to Stay	(1983)	Columbia
Jan Hammer	Miami Vice	(1985)	MCA
Jan Hammer	The Early Years	(1986)	Nemperor / Sony
Jan Hammer	Escape from Television	(1987)	MCA
Jan Hammer	Snapshots	(1989)	MCA
Jan Hammer	Police Quest 3 Soundtrack (PC game)	(1991)	Sierra
Jan Hammer	BEYOND The Mind's Eye	(1992)	Miramar / MCA
Jan Hammer	Drive	(1994)	Miramar
Jan Hammer	Snaphots 1.2	(2000)	One Way
Jan Hammer	Miami Vice: The Complete Collection	(2002)	One Way
Jan Hammer	The First Seven Days	(Remastered) (2003)	Columbia/Legacy
Jan Hammer	The Best of Miami Vice	(2004)	Reality Records
Jan Hammer	Black Sheep/Hammer (2 CD Set)	(2005)	Wounded Bird Records
Jan Hammer Project (Featuring TQ)	"Crockett's Theme"	(2006)	LuckySong/Sony/BMG
Jan Hammer	"Cocaine Cowboys" Soundtrack	(2007)	Red Gate Records
Jan Hammer Group	"Live In New York"	(2008)	Red Gate Records

As sideman

With the Mahavishnu Orchestra (Columbia):

		! Album
John McLaughlin with The Mahavishnu Orchestra	The Inner Mounting Flame (1971)
The Mahavishnu Orchestra	Birds of Fire (1972)
The Mahavishnu Orchestra	Between Nothingness and Eternity (1973)
The Mahavishnu Orchestra	The Best of The Mahavishnu Orchestra (1980)
The Mahavishnu Orchestra	The Lost Trident Sessions (recorded 1973, released 1999)

With Jeff Beck (Epic):

		! Album
Jeff Beck	Wired (Jeff Beck album)>Wired (1976)
Jeff Beck	Jeff Beck With the Jan Hammer Group Live>Jeff Beck with the Jan Hammer Group Live (1977)
Jeff Beck	There and Back (Jeff Beck album)>There and Back (1980)
Jeff Beck	Flash (Jeff Beck album)>Flash (1985)
Jeff Beck	Beckology (1991)
Jeff Beck	The Best of Beck (1995)
Jeff Beck	Who Else! (1999)

With Al Di Meola (Columbia):

! Album
Al Di Meola	Elegant Gypsy (1977)
Al Di Meola	Splendido Hotel (1980)
Al Di Meola	Electric Rendezvous (1982)
Al Di Meola	Tour De Force - Live (1982)
Al Di Meola	Scenario (album)>Scenario (1984)
Al Di Meola	The Electric Anthology (1995)
Al Di Meola	This Is Jazz Volume 31 (1997)
Al Di Meola	Anthology (2000)

With Carlos Santana (Columbia):

Love Devotion Surrender (1973) - Drums

With Stanley Clarke (Nemperor):

''Stanley Clarke (1973) - Keyboards

With Billy Cobham (Atlantic):

Spectrum (1973) - Keyboards

With Lenny White (Nemperor):

''Big City (1977) - Keyboards

With John Abercrombie (ECM):

Timeless - Keyboards

Night (1984) - Keyboards

With The Freelance Hellraiser (Sony/BMG):

Waiting For Clearance (2006) - Keyboards

With Tommy Bolin (Atlantic):

Teaser (1975) - Keyboards, Drums

From The Archives Vol. 1 (1996) - Keyboards

With Elvin Jones (Blue Note):

Merry-Go-Round (session December 16, 1971) - Piano

Mr. Jones (sessions July 12 & 13, 1972) - Piano

The Prime Element (sessions July 24–26, 1973) - Keyboards

With Elvin Jones (P.M.):

On the Mountain (1975) - Keyboards

With Glen Moore (Elektra):

Introducing Glen Moore (1978) - Drums

With Joni Mitchell (Asylum):

Mingus (1979) - Mini Moog

With Tony Williams (Columbia):

The Joy of Flying (1979) - Keyboards

With Mick Jagger (Columbia):

She's the Boss (1985) - Keyboards

With James Young (Passport):

City Slicker (1985) - Keyboards, Drums

With Clarence Clemons (Columbia):

An Evening With Mr. C (1989) - Keyboards, Drums

With Steve Lukather (Columbia):

Lukather (1989) - Keyboards

With Charlie Mariano (MPS):

Helen 12 Trees (1976) - Keyboards

References

External links

Jan Hammer Interview - Mahavishnu, Miami Vice and More

Unofficial Jan Hammer website *New*

Unofficial Jan Hammer website (est. 1995)

Unofficial Jan Hammer website in finnish

Interview Jan Hammer, 07.08.2006

Interview - Discusses his guitar sound experimentations

Category:1948 births Category:Living people Category:Berklee College of Music alumni Category:Czech expatriates Category:Czech musicians Category:Grammy Award winners Category:Miami Vice Category:Naturalized citizens of the United States Category:People from Prague Category:The Mahavishnu Orchestra members

ar:يان هامر cs:Jan Hammer da:Jan Hammer de:Jan Hammer es:Jan Hammer fr:Jan Hammer it:Jan Hammer nl:Jan Hammer ja:ヤン・ハマー no:Jan Hammer pl:Jan Hammer pt:Jan Hammer ru:Хаммер, Ян sq:Jan Hammer fi:Jan Hammer sv:Jan Hammer

Coordinates	12°2′36″N77°1′42″N
Name	José José
Background	solo_singer
Birth name	José Rómulo Sosa Ortiz
Alias	El Príncipe de la Canción (The Prince of the Song)
Born	February 17, 1948Mexico City México
Instrument	Vocals, Bass, Double bass, Guitar, Piano
Genre	Latin pop, Mexican pop, bolero, bossa nova, jazz
Occupation	Singer, musician, producer, actor
Years active	1963–present
Label	RCA VictorAriola RecordsSony BMG
Associated acts	Armando Manzanero, Manuel Alejandro, Paul Anka, José Feliciano, Lani Hall, Yanni
Yearsactive	1963–present
Spouse	Natalia Herrera Calles (1971–1974)Ana Elena Noreña (1974–1991)Sara Salazar (1995–present) }}

José Rómulo Sosa Ortiz (born February 17, 1948), known by his artistic name José José, is a Mexican singer.

Referred in the entertainment world as "El Príncipe de la Canción" ("The Prince of Song"), José José is best known for his romantic ballads and renowned for his vocals. He is recognizable by his pure vocal tone and his ability to sustain high and low notes.

Born into a family of musicians, José José started his musical career in his early teens playing guitar and singing in serenades. He later joined a jazz and bossa nova trio where he sang and played the bass and double bass. José became a successful solo artist in the early 1970s. Demonstrating his vocal ability with a masterful performance of the song "El Triste" in a Latin music festival in 1970, he climbed the Latin charts during the decade.

In the 1980s, after signing with Ariola Records, he gained international fame as a talented and successful performer. His 1983 album Secretos has sold over 11 million copies around the world. With a series of huge hits, he received several nominations to the Grammy and numerous recognitions worldwide. He sold out in venues such as the Madison Square Garden and the Radio City Music Hall. His music has reached non Spanish-speaking countries like Japan, Israel and Russia. During the 1990s, after several hits, his career began to decline as his voice started to falter due to his alcoholism and health issues. José has also forged a career as an actor, starring in movies like Gavilán o Paloma and Perdóname Todo.

In a career that has spanned more than four decades, his performance and distinctive vocal style have influenced a big number of Latin pop artists. Due to his wide-range vocals, his talent, his performance and the high popularity he achieved, he is considered by the media, the press and the people as an icon of the Latin pop music.

Early life

José Rómulo Sosa Ortiz was born on February 17, 1948 in Azcapotzalco, Mexico City. He was raised into a Roman Catholic family of gifted musicians; his father, José Sosa Esquivel, was an operatic tenor (tenor comprimario) and his mother, Margarita Ortiz, was a classical pianist. They never achieved relative large success, and when José began to show interest in singing, they tried to discourage him, claiming that it was too difficult to achieve success in show business. In 1963, when he was fifteen years old, his mother gave him his first piano. The same year, his reportedly alcoholic father abandoned the family, forcing José to work to help his mother and younger brother.

Early career

José continued his attempts to become a singer. In 1963, as a teenager, he had launched his own career with serenades. In 1966, José started singing and playing the bass and double bass with a bossa nova and jazz band called "Los PEG". The band played at the major jazz venues of Mexico City, where musicians like Dizzy Gillespie, Erroll Garner, Antonio Carlos Jobim and João Gilberto used to play.

In 1967, searching for a solo career, he signed a small contract of two singles under the name of "Pepe Sosa", and released the songs "El mundo" (Jimmy Fontana's "Il Mondo") and "Ma Vie" without success. José returned to serenades and to play with "Los PEG" in night clubs. He left "Los PEG", took the artistic name "José José" (in honor of his father, who had recently died of alcoholism; he joined his first name "José" and the first name of his father "José", from whom he says, had inherited the voice), signed a contract with RCA Victor and recorded his first album: Cuidado. The album contains songs by Rubén Fuentes and Armando Manzanero. The sound of the album is a combination of boleros and romantic ballads with an influence of jazz and bossa nova. Because of the quality, his debut album was praised by the critics but did not achieve much popularity.

He struggled, but then during the late 1960s, his fame began to rise, as he was featured on various television shows. With songs like "Una mañana" and "Cuidado", José started to get attention from the people and the media.

1970–1979: "El Triste", Consolidation as star, Ariola Records

He released the song "La nave del olvido" that became his first big hit in Mexico and Latin America, and recorded his second album: La Nave Del Olvido. José's big break came on March 25, 1970, when he represented Mexico in an international song festival, the "II Festival de la Canción Latina" (Latin Song Festival II, predecessor of the OTI Festival) with an amazing performance of the song "El Triste". The performance of the song was so impressive that caused tears, standing ovations, expressions of amazement and cheers from Angélica María, Alberto Vázquez, Marco Antonio Muñiz, the judges and the spectators in the Teatro Ferrocarrilero in Mexico City. The fact that José José got the third place shocked the audience. After the hit of "El Triste", his popular romantic ballad style mixed with a unique voice made him the star of stars in Mexico. He began his first international tour through Los Angeles, Miami, Puerto Rico, Guatemala, Costa Rica, Brazil and Argentina. He played leading roles in such small films as Sueño de amor and La carrera del millón.

During the early 1970s, José José became one of the best known romantic ballad singers in Latin America. He was featured constantly on the most popular Mexican television shows, where he used to sing live with old legends of the Hispanic music such as Pedro Vargas and Carlos Lico. In 1974, he performed a season in the Casino Royale & Hotel of Las Vegas.

He made various international number one hits and toured Latin America several times. His main hits were: "Del altar a la tumba", "Buscando una sonrisa", "De pueblo en pueblo", "Soy como quieras tú" (Mina's "Sono, come tu mi vuoi"), "Cuando tu me quieras", "Hasta que vuelvas", "Candilejas" (Charles Chaplin's "Terry's Theme"), "Paloma 'Cada mañana que te vas'", "Sentimientos" (Morris Albert's "Feelings"), "Vive", "Dejame conocerte" (Paul Anka's "Let Me Get To Know You"), "Divina ilusión" (an adaptation of Étude Op. 10, No. 3 of Chopin), "Sabrás que te quiero" and "El Príncipe" (The Prince) song earned him the nickname "El Príncipe de la canción" (The Prince of the song).

In 1977, José signed a contract with Ariola Records (Today part of Sony BMG). He recorded the album Reencuentro in London, England under the new record label. Reencuentro released the hits " El amar y el querer" and "Gavilán o paloma" that got him to the top of the lists of popularity. During 1978 and 1979, he achieved enormous success with the albums Volcán, Lo Pasado, Pasado and Si Me Dejas Ahora. His main hits were "O tú o yo", "Farolero", "Volcán", "Lo que un dia fué no será", "Lo pasado, pasado", "Si me dejas ahora", "Te quiero tal como eres" (Billy Joel's "Just The Way You Are") and the hit ballad "Almohada".

1980–1992: International stardom, Secretos, Mexico's top singer

In 1980, José released the album Amor Amor, recorded in Los Angeles, California. Amor Amor released the singles "Insaciable amante", "No me digas que te vas", "Amor Amor" and the classic bolero "No me platiques mas". He later recorded the bolero album Romántico; production that not only created a new way to sing boleros but also made very popular this form of old ballads. Songs like "El reloj", "La gloria eres tú", "Un poco más", "Cancionero" and "Regálame esta noche" were crafted in such exquisite form that they became classics in Mexico and Latin America. In 1981, the album Gracias was released. The songs "Me basta" and "Preso" were the main hits of the album. José released the highly successful record Mi Vida in 1982. The album contained the hits: "Desesperado" and "Mi vida" (an autobiographic song written by his future working partner Rafael Pérez-Botija). José co-produced his albums and wrote songs like "Si alguna vez" and "Amor para los dos". He did a duet with Lani Hall on the hit "Te quiero así". José performed with sold-out for seven days in a row at the National Auditorium and a month in the popular night club "El Patio". He recorded the Spanish version of the hit "New York, New York", as a gift to Frank Sinatra, who had invited him to do a duet, but due to differences with the record labels, it could not be performed.

In 1983, José released what proved to be by far the biggest album of his career: Secretos. The album was recorded in Spain and was written and produced by Manuel Alejandro. It was his first album that released a video for each song. The main hits were "Lo dudo", "El amor acaba", "Lagrimas", "He renunciado a ti", and "A esa". Secretos was nominated for Best Latin Pop Performance in the Grammy Awards of 1985. It has sold over 11 million units until today. Following the hit of Secretos, José kept on with international success. He released the album Reflexiones in 1984. The production was written, produced and arranged by Rafael Pérez-Botija. The songs "Payaso", "Seré, "Tu ganas", "De hombre a hombre" and "¿Y qué" were the main hits. Reflexiones sold over 2 million copies worldwide, became his first number-one set on the Billboard Latin Pop Albums and was nominated for Best Latin Pop Performance in the 1986 Grammy Awards. Later, José José joined José Feliciano to release a duet that became a major hit for both singers: "Por ella". Their song was nominated for Best Latin Pop Performance in the Grammy Awards of 1986 as well.

In 1985, José José was asked to participate in the song "Cantaré, cantarás", along with other icons such as Placido Domingo, Julio Iglesias, Roberto Carlos, Jose Luis Rodriguez "El Puma", Pedro Vargas and Vicente Fernández among others. It was recorded in Los Angeles in April 1985, at the A&M; Studios, same studio used for "We Are The World". The same year, José starred his autobiographic film Gavilán o Paloma, alongside Christian Bach and the comedian Jorge Ortiz de Pinedo. Later that year, he released the album Promesas, written, produced and arranged by Pérez-Botija. Its main hits were "Amantes", "Me vas a echar de menos", "Más" and "Tu me estas volviendo loco". The single "Pruébame" was nominated for Best Latin Pop Performance at the 1987 Grammy Awards. Promesas became the second number-one set on the Billboard Latin Pop Albums by José José. He received two Billboard awards: Top Latin Artist and Top Latin Album of 1985. In his next album Siempre Contigo of 1986 he worked with the Spanish producer and guitarist Paco Cepero. The songs "Corre y ve con él", "Sin saber" and "¿Y Quién Puede Ser?" were its main hits. It was nominated for Best Latin Pop Performance in the Grammy Awards of 1988 and became the third number-one set on the Billboard Latin Pop Albums by José.

In 1987, he released the album Soy Así, written and produced by his working partner Rafael Pérez-Botija once more. It was nominated for Best Latin Pop Performance in the 1989 Grammy Awards and became his fourth number-one set on the Billboard Latin Pop Albums. Soy Así released four successful singles: the title track reached the number-one position in the Billboard Hot Latin Tracks chart while "Mi Hembra" peaked at number five, "Salúdamela Mucho" at number 22 and "Vergüenza Me Da Quererte" reached number eight.

During the 1980s, José José sold out Madison Square Garden, The Dunes and performed several seasons at the Las Vegas Hilton, Greek Theatre, and the Tropicana Casino and Resort Atlantic City among others. He was known as "Mexico's Top Singer" in his shows. In 1987, he sold out Radio City Music Hall. That same year, José traveled to Israel and performed in Tel Aviv and Jerusalem. In 1988, he played the role of the Mexican singer and composer Alvaro Carrillo in the movie Sabor A Mí, costarring Angelica Aragón. In 1989, José sold out with two massive concerts at the Plaza México, gathering over 100,000 people. The same year, he traveled to Japan, where he was featured on television shows and offered several performances. His album ¿Qué Es El Amor? released the pop songs "Piel de azucar" and "Como Tú", and José climbed to the top of the lists of popularity. The song "Como Tú" lasted ten weeks at number-one on Billboard Hot Latin Tracks.

In 1990, the late Raúl Velasco made a special television show to pay homage to José's 25th anniversary. The show lasted over five hours and featured very popular singers as special guests like Armando Manzanero, Libertad Lamarque, Vicente Fernández and Marco Antonio Muñiz. In 1991, he released the hit song "Amnesia" of the album En las Buenas... y en las Malas. The song lasted 21 weeks on the charts and peaked at number-one on Billboard Hot Latin Tracks, while his next single "Atrapado", spent 16 weeks and peaked at number seven. In 1992, he released another hit single: "40 y 20". From the self-titled album, the song speaks about men who fall in love with women that are much younger than them and the way society sees those situations. "40 y 20" lasted over 17 weeks on the charts and peaked at number four. His next single "Eso no más", spent 15 weeks and peaked at number five.

1993–1999: Decline, rehab, minor hits

In the 1990s José's voice began to deteriorate. It worsened over time and became evident especially in his live performances. His excessive drinking and the incessant activity during his career caused his voice to falter.

In 1993, to commemorate the thirtieth anniversary of José José as a singer, his record company BMG hosted a tribute in the city of Puerto Vallarta. It was called 30 Años de ser el Príncipe (30 years of being the Prince). The tribute included a number of the most prestigious artists of the Spanish music such as Rocío Dúrcal, Camilo Sesto, Armando Manzanero, Marco Antonio Muñiz and Raul di Blasio. The tribute coincided with his recent divorce, a serious relapse into alcoholism and a significant loss of vocal abilities; caused by his addictions and several respiratory problems suffered throughout his life. He appeared to be in poor physical shape, too thin and lacking energy. Camilo Sesto even took a break in the middle of the presentation to speak words of encouragement to José. The album was not released until 1994. At that time, José suffered the worst stage of alcoholism in his career. During 1993, he retired from the stage and went to rehab. Upon completion of his rehabilitation, he started seasons in places like the famous "Teatro Blanquita" of Mexico City, and the Gibson Amphitheatre of Los Angeles.

In 1994, after the great success he achieved ten years back with Secretos, José re-teamed with Manuel Alejandro and released the album Grandeza Mexicana. The title track peaked at number 12 on Billboard Hot Latin Tracks and spent over seven weeks on the charts. He did a duet with his son José Joél in the song "La fuerza de la sangre", second single of the album. In 1995, he played the lead role in the movie Perdóname Todo, a drama about an alcoholic has-been and how he tries to survive to himself and to the music business. That same year, his album "Mujeriego" was released. It sold more than 180,000 copies in its first two weeks and reached number 12 on the Billboard Latin charts. The song "Llora corazón" lasted 11 weeks on the charts and peaked at number six, while the second single, the title track, spent only two weeks on the charts.

In 1996, he performed a duet with Paul Anka on "Déjame Conocerte (Let me Get to Know You)" from Anka's Latin album Amigos. In 1997, he performed at the Bally's Atlantic City. His last album of the decade, Distancia, was released on 1998. A video of the single "Ojala que te mueras" was released. On September 1999, he joined fellow countrymen Armando Manzanero, Marco Antonio Muñiz and Argentine pianist Raúl di Blasio for a series of concerts dubbed "Noche Bohemia" (Bohemian Night) at the Gibson Amphitheatre in Los Angeles.

2000s: Loss of vocals, movies and TV, Sony BMG concept albums

In 2001, with a very deteriorated voice, he recorded his first album with mariachi, but the last one of his career, Tenampa. The album was written and produced completely by Juan Gabriel. The single "Cada vez y cada vez" lasted two weeks on the charts. Tenampa received poor ratings and sold only about 500,000 units. After that, he retired from recording full-length albums. The problem of his voice got worse, and affected not only his ability to sing, but also to speak. In 2003, his label BMG released a collection of three albums entitled El Principe Con Trio with some of his greatest hits recorded between 1969 and 1983, separated from the original accompaniment, remastered and accompanied with the guitar trio "Los Tres Caballeros", with which these recordings are transformed into boleros. The work of technical excellence, was attended by José's old colleague Rafael Pérez Botija, who directed and composed some of the original recordings. This collection of concept albums again allowed José to achieve success in sales.

In the mid 2000s, José appeared briefly as the "Mystery Musician" in the movie Sueño and played the role of Erasmo Padilla (the father of Leticia "Lety" Padilla) in La Fea Más Bella, a very successful Mexican version of the Colombian production Betty la Fea (adapted in the US as Ugly Betty). In 2006, José participated as a singing professor in Televisa's high-rating show, Cantando por un sueño.

José released Mis Duetos in 2007, an album featuring duets he recorded in the past. However, it featured two new songs, "E-mail me" with his daughter, "Sarita" and "Aunque vivas con él" with Reyli. In 2008, José recorded an emotive song called "Volver a creer" (Believe again) with the world famous musician Yanni. The song is included in the album Yanni Voces. Yanni stated that he wanted to "help a true legend to fulfill his dream, to sing again". José José was invited by Yanni to sing their song live in Yanni's tour in Mexico. He released his autobiographic book, named "Esta es mi vida" (This is my life).

In 2010, he released José José Ranchero, another concept album with some of his greatest hits, separated from the original accompaniment, remastered and accompanied with mariachi, giving to his classics a traditional Mexican sound. The same year, José launched his own perfume, called simply "José José", the profit from the sales are to help women and children sick with HIV/AIDS.

José is still working in a new, untitled album, adding that it will consist of nine unreleased tracks and a melody he used to sing in serenades "Que viva mi tristeza", from songwriter Armando Manzanero. It has not been completed due to the ups and downs faced by his voice. He is currently on a national Mexican tour named "Jose Jose y sus amigos" (Jose Jose and friends), with Dulce, Carlos Cuevas, Celso Piña and Chamin Correa.

Personal life

In the 1970s, José started a relationship with the TV hostess, actress and model, Ana Elena Noreña (known as Anel). They split and in 1971 he married Natalia "Kiki" Herrera Calles, a socialite twenty years older than he was. They divorced in 1973. In 1974, he married his first girlfriend, Anel. They had two children: their first-born José Francisco (known as José Joél) who was born in 1975, and their daughter Marysol Estrella, born in 1982.

He told the magazine Selecciones that from 1985 to 1987, he underwent a serious personal crisis because "my life was spent on airplanes, tour buses and locked in a hotel room". In 1991, he divorced his then wife. In the same year, he also ended his work relationship with his manager, who also was his brother-in-law.

In 1995, he married Sara Salazar, his third wife. That same year, during a Latin American tour, Sara, his third daughter was born. On November 2008, his current wife suffered from a cerebral haemorrhage. She recovered after spending several months in the hospital and receiving therapy. José stated that the medical bills nearly lead him to bankruptcy. He lives in Coral Gables, Florida with his wife and his youngest daughter.

Alcoholism

During most of his career, José José suffered from a serious problem of alcoholism, until he got into rehab in 1993. He said he started drinking at the age of 15, when his father (an alcoholic) left the house.

José stated that his addiction was because he "was frail, weak, innocent, ignorant, weak-willed and did not know how to say no". In the early 1970s, after the huge success of "El Triste", with the quick fame and money, like his father, he fell into alcoholism, but with help of his friends and his family he managed to stop drinking for a while. His ongoing battle against alcoholism continued during the 1970s and 1980s. He attended AA meetings and stopped drinking for periods of time, but he fell steadily into the addiction. His alcoholism caused him serious financial problems and he claims that during his career he was constantly defrauded by his managers, including the brother of his second wife.

After his divorce from his second wife in 1991, he reached his lowest point, reportedly declaring that he wanted to die drinking. With the help of his friends, family, his personal friend Ricardo Rocha and other artists, he decided to go to rehab. He went to the Hazelden clinic in Minnesota for rehab. He remains a sober recovering alcoholic.

Health issues

José suffered from a severe case of pneumonia in 1972; his thoracic diaphragm was paralyzed; the disease almost ended with his career. He recovered after going through months of therapy based on breathing exercises, but one of his lungs was permanently damaged.

In 1987, he underwent an operation to remove nodes in his vocal fold as a consequence of the excessive use of cortisol, alcohol and the lack of rest after many of his performances. José would suffer dire consequences from his problem with alcoholism, as his health faltered dearly during the 1990s. He developed diabetes.

In 2001, he suffered from a case of emphysema. The effect of alcoholism, the abuse of cortisol and his hiatus hernia, have not only affected his ability to sing, but also to talk. In 2007, he suffered from Bell's palsy. As a result of all these problems he has fought a very serious depression over the recent years. He acknowledged this during an interview on the Univision program "Don Francisco Presenta..." hosted by popular TV host Don Francisco.

He has recently struggled with a diabetic retinopathy in one of his eyes, he underwent a successful operation.

Artistry and image

José grew up listening traditional pop music, rock and roll, jazz, swing, big band, the music of Frank Sinatra, Johnny Mathis and popular Mexican composers like Consuelo Velázquez, Álvaro Carrillo, María Grever and Armando Manzanero. He also was inspired by vocalist Barbra Streisand, whom he considers an influence. Son of an operatic tenor and a pianist, José grew up also listening to artists such as Chopin and Mozart, but never got the chance to play their genre of music. His music has been influenced by numerous genres, including Latin pop, bolero, romantic ballads, bossa nova, jazz and classical. He is also acclaimed for playing such instruments as the piano, bass, guitar and double bass. His predilect music is the classical (Ravel, Debussy, Musorgsky), jazz and bossa nova.

Vocals

According to his autobiographic book "Esta es mi vida" (This is my life), his vocal coach identifies José José in his prime as a Leggiero tenor or light lyric tenor. His lowest note is a Ab₂, registered on the song "No valio la pena". He gives his highest note, a Ab4, in the song "El Triste". The vocal range of José José covers from an Ab2–Ab4 in chest voice. His highest note with falsetto, a C5, is recorded on the song "Amor para los dos ", having then, a vocal range of Ab2–C5. With the mentioned falsetto, his range covers 2 octaves and a quarter. His vocal range was generally located between F3 and F4, it can be heard in songs such as "Gavilan o paloma", "Lo pasado, pasado", "Volcán", "Te extraño", "Buscando una sonrisa", "Amor Amor" and "Polvo enamorado" among others.

His voice is often considered one of the most influential in Latin pop music. Over time, because of his alcoholism and excesses, his voice and vocal style changed noticeably. By inherit the qualities of his father for singing, in his prime, he achieved high and low notes and his intonation was practically perfect. Upon his performance of "El Triste", many critics had welcomed his vocal inflections, and he was praised for his technical virtuosity and intensity. One of the most peculiar qualities of his voice, is his handling of the breathing and lung capacity, that to sustain long notes in tune, without losing power, or show any signs of suffocation.

Legacy

The music of José José is widely known in the Hispanic community of the world. He is an influence to pop artists like: Cristian Castro, Vicente Fernández, Alejandro Fernández, Nelson Ned, Pepe Aguilar, Kalimba, Erik Rubin, Manuel Mijares, Lupita D'Alessio, Diego Verdaguer, Reyli and Marc Anthony among many others.

In 1996, he was awarded a special concession by the Mexican government. The Mexican government deemed him deserving of this award based on the cultural impact José José has had on the country. In 2002 he achieved "El Premio a la Excelencia" (Prize to Excellence) in the Premios Lo Nuestro ( Lo Nuestro Awards). The Billboard Magazine awarded him for "Mejor Artista Latino" (Best Latin Artist) and "Mejor Disco Latino" (Best Latin Album) several times. In 2005 he received the "Personalidad del Año" (Person of the Year) by the Latin Grammy Award Recording Association; he has been nominated nine times to the Grammy.

In 2006, the TV network Televisa, made a special television show in Acapulco to pay homage to José José's career. Singers like Manoella Torres, Francisco Céspedes, Dulce and Gualberto Castro performed several of José Jose's greatest hits.

In July 2008, Univision and the Latin Grammy, recorded in Miami at the BankUnited Center a special TV tribute to José José, called Latin Grammy Celebra: José José (Latin Grammy Celebrates: José José). Stars such as Marco Antonio Solís, Ana Bárbara, Cristian Castro, Alicia Villarreal, Reyli, Olga Tañon, Luis Fonsi, David Bisbal and Aventura performed his greatest hits live; stars such as Plácido Domingo, Ricky Martin, Enrique Iglesias, Pepe Aguilar, Pedro Fernández, and RBD, sent him special messages congratulating him and showing their admiration. In the show, Univision described José José as: "One of the most beloved singers in Latin music".

In 2007, a bronze statue was unveiled on his honor at the Azcapotzalco area in Mexico City, where he grew up. He was honored by the Las Vegas Walk of Stars with a celebrity star and booksigning at The Rio in Las Vegas on November 20, 2008.

For his contribution to the recording industry, José José has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame at 7036 Hollywood Blvd.

Tribute albums

In 1998, Latin bands of rock and hip hop like Molotov, Jumbo, Julieta Venegas, Beto Cuevas, and Aleks Syntek, recorded a tribute album called "Volcán: Tributo a José José" (Volcano: Tribute to José José), singing José's classic songs like "Lo Dudo", "El Triste", "Volcán", and many others, each song with a special personal style of the band. The album sold over 500,000 units. In 2005, Manuel Mijares released the album Honor a Quien Honor Merece, singing some of José's most popular songs. Pop singer Kalimba recorded in 2009 the album Amar y Querer: Homenaje A Las Grandes Canciones (Love and Love(in Spanish "Amar" and "Querer" are different grades of love, in English are the same word): A tribute to the great songs) that features some of the most iconic Latin ballads, among them "Amar y querer", "Desesperado", "Volcán" and "El Triste".

Marc Anthony released the album Iconos (Icons), which covers Latin ballads from the past, among them "El Triste" and "Almohada". About the difficulty of singing "El Triste", Anthony stated that "once you start to sing it you realize the magnitude, of that spectacular voice and special phrasing of José José and his incredible way to perform."

Cristian Castro recently released the album Viva el Principe (Long Live the Prince), his tribute to José José. The album includes a duet with José José on "Lo Pasado, Pasado" and a poem recited by him. Rafael Pérez-Botija is involved with the production of the album. Due to its high sales, Viva el Principe has achieved Gold Certification in Mexico.

Discography

Tenampa (2001)

Distancia (1998)

Y Algo Mas (1998)

Tesoros (1997)

Mujeriego (1995)

Grandeza Mexicana (1994)

30 Años De Ser El Principe (1993)

40 y 20 (1992)

En las Buenas... y en las Malas (1990)

¿Qué Es El Amor? (1989)

Sabor A Mi (B.S.O./Soundtrack) (1988)

Soy Así (1987)

Siempre Contigo (1986)

Promesas (1985)

Gavilan o Paloma (B.S.O./Soundtrack) (1985)

Reflexiones (1984)

Secretos (1983)

Mi Vida (1982)

Gracias (1981)

Romántico (1981)

Amor Amor (1980)

Si Me Dejas Ahora (1979)

Lo Pasado, Pasado (1979)

Volcán (1978)

Reencuentro (1977)

El Príncipe (1976)

Tan Cerca...Tan Lejos (1975)

Vive (1974)

Hasta que Vuelvas (1973)

Cuando Tu Me Quieras (1972)

De Pueblo en Pueblo (1972)

Buscando Una Sonrisa (1971)

El Triste (1970)

La Nave Del Olvido (1970)

Cuidado (1969)

Gold and Platinum albums

"La Nave Del Olvido" -Gold and Platinum

"El Triste" -Gold and Platinum

"Reencuentro" -Double Gold and Platinum

"Volcán" -Double Gold and Platinum

"Lo Pasado, Pasado" -Double Gold and Platinum

"Si Me Dejas Ahora" -Double Gold and Platinum

"Super Exitos Vol. 1" -Gold

"Amor Amor" -5 Gold and double Platinum

"Romántico" -6 Gold and Double Platinum

"Mi Vida" -6 Gold and Double Platinum

"Secretos" -Double Platinum

"Secretos" -Platinum (Central America)

"Secretos" -Gold (Peru)

"Secretos" -Gold (Argentina)

"Secretos" -Gold (Dominican Republic)

"Secretos" -Gold (Colombia)

"Secretos" -Platinum (Colombia)

TOTAL OF 22 GOLD AND PLATINUM RECORDS FOR "Secretos"

"Promesas" -Platinum

"Reflexiones" -Platinum

"Siempre Contigo" -Platinum

"Soy Así" -Gold

"Qué es el Amor?" -Triple Gold

"En las Buenas... y en las Malas" -Gold

"Qué Es El Amor?" -Platinum (5 in Venezuela)

"40 Y 20" -Platinum and Gold

"Grandeza Mexicana" -Gold

"Mujeriego" -Double Gold and Platinum

"Tesoros" -Gold

"Distancia" -Gold

Compilations & boxed sets

''2010 José José Ranchero

''2009 José José Para Ti

''2009 José José y Sus Amigos con Amor

''2009 Secretos Intimos Del Amor

''2009 Lo Esencial De José José (Televisa 3CD/DVD)

''2008 Brillantes- José José

''2008 Tres Voces (Yusmani Garcia)

''2008 El Principe y El Bolero

''2007 Mis Duetos [5 Track DVD]

''2007 Mis Duetos [Norte CD/DVD]

''2007 Mis Duetos [Televisa CD/DVD]

''2007 Mis Duetos [DVD]

''2007 Serie Herencia Vol. 2

''2007 Serie Herencia Vol. 1

''2007 Mi Historia, Vol. 2

''2007 Mi Historia, Vol. 1

''2005 Las Número 1: José José (Televisa CD/DVD)

''2005 Lo Mejor en Trios

''2005 20 Éxitos Originales

''2005 José José y 8 Grandes Idolos de la Balada Romántica: 100 Años de Musica

''2005 Lo Esencial José José

''2005 20 Inolvidables

''2004 The Best of José José

''2004 José José

''2003 Los Grandes De La Balada

''2003 Definiendo Jose

''2003 40 Aniversario, Vol. 4

''2003 40 Aniversario, Vol. 3

''2003 40 Aniversario, Vol. 2

''2003 40 Aniversario, Vol. 1

''2003 El Principe Con Trio, Vol. 2

''2003 El Principe Con Trio, Vol. 1

''2002 Coleccion RCA: 100 Anos de Musica

''2002 Lo Inolvidable de José José

''2002 Todo Exitos de José José

''2000 Lo Mejor de los Grandes, Vol. 2

''2000 Serie 2000

''1999 Coleccion Original

''1999 Lo Mejor de Lo Mejor

''1998 Serie Retratos

''1998 35 Anos de Amor

''1998 35 Aniversario, Vol. 7

''1998 35 Aniversario, Vol. 6

''1998 35 Aniversario, Vol. 5

''1998 35 Aniversario, Vol. 4 (1981–85)

''1998 35 Aniversario, Vol. 3 (1977–80)

''1998 35 Aniversario, Vol. 2 (1972–1976)

''1998 35 Aniversario, Vol. 1 (1969–1972)

''1997 Romanticos del Siglo

''1997 Serie Platino, Vol. 2: 20 Exitos

''1996 Lo Mejor de Los 3 Grandes

''1996 Serie Platino

''1995 Serie Retrato

''1994 30 Años de Ser El Principe

''1992 Serie 20 Exitos

''1992 15 Exitos de Oro

''1990 15 Romanticas En La Voz De José José

''1990 25 Aniversario, Vol. 2

''1990 15 Exitos

''1989 Exitos Vol. 2

''1988 Romantico Vol. 2

''1988 Exitos Vol. 1

''1987 Ayer, Hoy, y Siempre

''1986 25 Aniversario, Vol. 1

''1982 20 Triunfadoras De José José

''1981 Romantico Vol. 1

''1977 Grandes Exitos de José José

'' 10 Super Exitos de José José

'' Lo Mejor de José José

'' Los Grandes Exitos, Vol. 2

Films

Buscando Una Sonrisa (1971)

Sueño De Amor (1972)

La Carrera Del Millon (1973)

Gavilán o Paloma (1985)

Sabor A Mi (1988)

Perdóname Todo (1995)

Sueño (2005)

Double Tap (2006)

Melate El Corazon (2009)

Soap operas

La fea más bella (2006)

Duets

"Volver a Creer" – Yanni

"Por Ella" – José Feliciano

"Tiempo" – Marco Antonio Muñiz

"Entre La Espada Y La Pared" – Pimpinela

"El Triste" (Piano Version) – Raúl di Blasio

"Let Me Get To Know You" (and the Spanish version, "Dejame Conocerte") – Paul Anka

"Hay Un Mañana" – Valeria Lynch

"Te Quiero Así" – Lani Hall and Alejandra Ávalos

"Dos Corazones Amigos" – José Guadalupe Esparza

"La Fuerza De La Sangre" – José Joel

"José y Manuel" – Manuel Alejandro

"Aunque Vivas Con El" – Reyli

"E Mail Me" – Sarita Sosa

"Como Hacer Para Olvidar" – Juan Gabriel

"Amor Mio" – Carlos Lico

"Si Me Comprendieras" – Pepe Jara

"Se Me Hizo Facil" – Pedro Vargas

"Te Extrano" – Armando Manzanero

"Pa' Todo El Año" – Vicente Fernández

"La Nave Del Olvido" – Vikki Carr and Pedro Vargas

"El Amor Acaba" – Libertad Lamarque

"100 Kilos De Barro" – Enrique Guzman

References

External links

Category:1948 births Category:Living people Category:Mexican expatriates in the United States Category:Mexican film actors Category:Mexican male singers Category:Mexican musicians Category:People from Mexico City Category:Spanish-language singers Category:Latin Recording Academy Person of the Year Honorees

es:José José fr:José José it:José José pt:José José fi:José José