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1915
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Adolphe Pegoud
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Albert Hourani
Albert Habib Hourani (; March 31, 1915 – January 17, 1993) was an English historian, specializing in the Middle East.
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Albert Spalding
Albert Goodwill Spalding (Byron, Illinois September 2, 1850 – September 9, 1915 in Point Loma, California) was a professional baseball player, manager and co-founder of A.G. Spalding sporting goods company.
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Alexander Brott
Alexander Brott, CM, CQ, born Joël Brod, (March 14, 1915 – April 1, 2005), was a Canadian conductor, composer, violinist and music teacher. His wife Lotte was an accomplished cellist. Their son, Boris Brott, is a conductor, and their grandson, Denis Brott, is a cellist and conductor.
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Alexander Scriabin
Alexander Nikolayevich Scriabin (, , Aleksandr Nikolajevič Skrjabin; variously transliterated as Skriabin, Skrjabin, Skryabin, or Scriabine, 27 April 1915) was a Russian composer and pianist who initially developed a highly lyrical and idiosyncratic tonal language inspired by the music of Frédéric Chopin. Quite independent of the innovations of Arnold Schoenberg, Scriabin developed, via mysticism, an increasingly atonal musical language that presaged twelve-tone composition and other serial music. He may be considered to be the primary figure among the Russian Symbolist composers.
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Alfred Wegener
Alfred Lothar Wegener (1 November 1880 – November 1930) was a German scientist, geophysicist, and meteorologist.
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Alice Faye
Alice Faye (May 4, 1915 – May 9, 1998) was an American actress and singer, called by the New York Times "one of the few movie stars to walk away from stardom at the peak of her career." She is remembered first for her stardom at 20th Century Fox and, later, as the radio comedy partner of her husband, bandleader-comedian Phil Harris. She is also often associated with the Academy Award–winning standard, "You'll Never Know", which she introduced in the 1943 musical, Hello, Frisco, Hello.
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Alicia Rhett
Alicia Rhett (born February 1, 1916) is an American portrait painter and actress who is best remembered for her role as India Wilkes in the 1939 film Gone with the Wind.
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Andrew L. Harris
Andrew Lintner Harris (also known as The Farmer-Statesman) (November 17, 1835 – September 13, 1915) was one of the heroes of the Battle of Gettysburg and the last Civil War general to serve as a governor in the U.S., serving as the 44th Governor of Ohio.
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André François
André François (9 November 1915 – 11 April 2005), born André Farkas, was a Hungarian-born French cartoonist.
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Anita Louise
Anita Louise (January 9, 1915 – April 25, 1970) was an American film actress.
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Anne Whitney
Anne Whitney (1821 – 1915) was an American sculptor and poet. She was born in Watertown, Massachusetts on September 2, 1821 and died in Boston, Massachusetts on January 23, 1915.
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Anthony Quinn
:For other people named Anthony Quinn see Anthony Quinn (disambiguation)
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Arsenio Erico
Arsenio Pastor Erico (March 30, 1915 - July 23, 1977) was a Paraguayan football forward. He surpassed Angel Labruna by one goal as the all-time highest goalscorer in the Argentine first division. He is considered the best Paraguayan footballer of all time.
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Arthur H. Robinson
Arthur H. Robinson (January 5, 1915 – October 10, 2004) was an American geographer and cartographer, who was professor in the Geography Department at the University of Wisconsin in Madison from 1947 until he retired in 1980. He was a prolific writer and influential philosopher on cartography, and one of his most notable accomplishments is the Robinson projection in 1961.
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Arthur Miller
Arthur Asher Miller (October 17, 1915 – February 10, 2005) was an American playwright and essayist. He was a prominent figure in American theatre, writing dramas that include award-winning plays such as All My Sons, Death of a Salesman, and The Crucible.
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Audrey Munson
Audrey Munson (June 8, 1891 – February 20, 1996) was an American model and actress, known variously as "Miss Manhattan," "the Exposition Girl," and "American Venus." She was the model or inspiration for more than 15 statues in New York City.
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August Bungert
August Bungert (14 March 1845 – 26 October 1915) was a German opera composer and poet.
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Augusto Pinochet
Augusto José Ramón Pinochet Ugarte (25 November 1915 – 10 December 2006) was a Chilean army general and president who assumed power in a coup d'état on 11 September 1973. Among his titles, he was the Commander-in-Chief of the Chilean army from 1973 to 1998, president of the Government Junta of Chile from 1973 to 1974 and President of the Republic from 1974 until transferring power to a democratically elected president in 1990.
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Babe Ruth
George Herman Ruth, Jr. (February 6, 1895 – August 16, 1948), best known as "Babe" Ruth and nicknamed "the Bambino" and "the Sultan of Swat", was an American Major League baseball player from 1914–1935. Ruth originally broke into the major leagues with the Boston Red Sox as a starting pitcher, but after he was sold to the New York Yankees in 1919, he converted to a full-time right fielder and subsequently became one of the league's most prolific hitters. Ruth was a mainstay in the Yankees' lineup that won seven pennants and four World Series titles during his tenure with the team. After a short stint with the Boston Braves in 1935, Ruth retired. In 1936, Ruth became one of the first five players elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame.
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Barbara Billingsley
Barbara Billingsley (born December 22, 1915) is an American film, television, voice and character actress of stage, who in her five decades of television came to prominence in the 1950s in the big screen in The Careless Years opposite Natalie Trundy, followed by her best-known role, that of June Cleaver on Leave it to Beaver and its sequel Still the Beaver (also known as The New Leave It to Beaver).
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Batman
Batman is a fictional character created by the artist Bob Kane and writer Bill Finger. A comic book superhero, Batman first appeared in Detective Comics #27 in May 1939, and since then has appeared in many of DC Comics’ publications. Originally referred to as "the Bat-Man" and still referred to at times as "the Batman", he is additionally known as "The Caped Crusader", "The Dark Knight", and "'''The World's Greatest Detective'''".
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Bill Roycroft
James William "Bill" George Roycroft OBE (born 17 March 1915) is a former Olympic equestrian champion who competed for Australia in five consecutive Summer Olympic Games: 1960, 1964, 1968, 1972 and 1976. As of 14 February 2008 Roycroft is Australia's oldest surviving Olympian.
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Billie Holiday
Billie Holiday (born Eleanora Fagan April 7, 1915 – July 17, 1959) was an American jazz singer and songwriter. Nicknamed "Lady Day" by her friend and musical partner Lester Young, Holiday was a seminal influence on jazz and pop singing. Her vocal style, strongly inspired by jazz instrumentalists, pioneered a new way of manipulating phrasing and tempo. Above all, she was admired worldwide for her deeply personal, intimate approach to singing.
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Billy Hughes
William Morris "Billy" Hughes, CH, KC (25 September 1862 – 28 October 1952), Australian politician, was the seventh Prime Minister of Australia from 1915 to 1923.
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Booker T. Washington
Booker Taliaferro Washington (April 5, 1856 – November 14, 1915) was an American educator, author, orator and political leader. He was the dominant figure in the African American community in the United States from 1890 to 1915. He was representative of the last generation of black leaders born in slavery and spoke on behalf of blacks living in the South. Washington was able throughout the final 25 years of his life to maintain his standing as the major black leader because of the sponsorship by powerful whites, substantial support within the black community, his ability to raise educational funds from both groups and his accommodation to the social realities of the age of Jim Crow segregation.
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Brownie McGhee
Walter Brown ("Brownie") McGhee (November 30, 1915 - February 16, 1996) was a blues singer and guitarist best known for his collaborations with the harmonica player Sonny Terry.
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Carlos Surinach
Carlos Surinach (Carles Suriñach) (Barcelona, Spain, March 4, 1915 - New Haven, Connecticut, United States, November 12, 1997; ) was a Catalan Spanish-born composer and conductor.
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Charles Frohman
Charles Frohman (July 15, 1856 – May 7, 1915) was a Jewish American theatrical producer. Frohman was producing plays by 1889 and acquired his first Broadway theatre by 1892. He discovered and promoted many stars of the American theatre.
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Charles Sorley
Charles Hamilton Sorley (19 May 1895 – 13 October 1915) was a British poet of World War I.
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Charles Townes
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Charles Tupper
Sir Charles Tupper, 1st Baronet, GCMG, CB, PC (July 2, 1821 – October 30, 1915) was a Canadian father of Confederation: as the Premier of Nova Scotia from 1864 to 1867, he led Nova Scotia into Confederation. He later went on to serve as the sixth Prime Minister of Canada, sworn in to office on May 1, 1896, seven days after parliament had been dissolved. He would go on to lose the June 23 election, resigning on July 8, 1896. His 68-day term as prime minister is currently the shortest in Canadian history. At age 74, in May of 1896, he was also the oldest person to serve as Prime Minister of Canada.
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Charlotte Zolotow
Charlotte Zolotow (born Charlotte Gertrude Shapiro June 26, 1915 in Norfolk, Virginia) is an American author, poet, editor, and publisher of many books for children (HarperCollins puts her number of "books for young audiences" at over seventy).
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Clifford Shull
Clifford Glenwood Shull (Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, September 23, 1915 – March 31, 2001) was a Nobel Prize-winning American physicist.
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D.W. Griffith
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Denis Thatcher
Major Sir Denis Thatcher, 1st Baronet, MBE, TD (10 May 1915 – 26 June 2003) was a British businessman, and the husband of the former British Prime Minister, Margaret Thatcher. He was born in Lewisham, London, England, the elder child of a New Zealand-born British businessman, Thomas Herbert (Jack) Thatcher, and his wife (Lilian) Kathleen, née Bird. , he is the most recent person outside the Royal Family to be awarded an hereditary title.
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Dick Sprang
Richard W. "Dick" Sprang (July 28, 1915 - May 10, 2000) was an American comic book artist and penciller, best known for his work on the superhero Batman during the period fans and historians call Golden Age of Comic Books. Sprang was responsible for the 1948 redesign of the Batmobile and the original design of the Riddler, who has appeared in film, television and other media adaptations. Sprang's Batman was notable for its square chin, expressive face and barrel chest.
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Dody Goodman
Dolores "Dody" Goodman (October 28, 1914 – June 22, 2008) was an American character actress known for her playing the mother of the title character (played by Louise Lasser) Mary Hartman, Mary Hartman. Her high-pitched voice could be heard announcing the show's title at the beginning of each episode.
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Don Edwards
William Donlon Edwards, (born January 6, 1915), usually known as Don Edwards, is an American politician of the Democratic Party, formerly a member of the United States House of Representatives from California.
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Edith Cavell
Edith Louisa Cavell (4 December 1865 – 12 October 1915) was a British nurse, humanitarian and spy. She is celebrated for helping some 200 Allied soldiers escape from German-occupied Belgium during World War I, for which she was arrested. She was court-martialled and found guilty of treason. Sentenced to death, she was shot by firing squad. She received worldwide sympathetic press coverage.
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Eli Wallach
Eli Herschel Wallach (born December 7, 1915) is an American film, television and stage actor, who gained fame in the late 1950s. For his performance in Baby Doll he won a BAFTA Award for Best Newcomer and a Golden Globe nomination. One of his most famous roles is that of Tuco in The Good, the Bad and the Ugly (1966). Other roles include his portrayal of Don Altobello in The Godfather Part III, Calvera in The Magnificent Seven, and Arthur Abbott in The Holiday. Wallach has received BAFTA Awards, Tony Awards and Emmy Awards for his work. Wallach has performance shopper in Mystic River (film).
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Elio Toaff
Elio Toaff (born 30 April 1915 in Livorno) is the former Chief Rabbi of Rome. On 13 April 1986, he greeted and prayed with Pope John Paul II during an unannounced visit to the Synagogue of Rome.
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Elisabeth Eybers
Elisabeth Françoise Eybers (16 February 1915 – 1 December 2007), was a South African poet. Her poetry was mainly in Afrikaans, although she has translated some of her own work (and those of others) into English.
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Elizabeth Catlett
Elizabeth Catlett Mora (born April 15, 1915) is an African-American sculptor and printmaker. Catlett is best known for the black, expressionistic sculptures and prints she produced during the 1960s and 1970s, which are seen as politically charged.
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Ellen G. White
Ellen Gould White (born Harmon) (November 26, 1827 – July 16, 1915) was a prolific Christian author and one of the American Christian pioneers whose ministry was instrumental in founding the seventh-day Sabbatarian Adventist movement that led to the rise of the Seventh-day Adventist Church.
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Ernest Lehman
Ernest Lehman (December 8, 1915 in New York City – July 2, 2005 in Los Angeles, California) was an American screenwriter. He received 6 Academy Award nominations during his screenwriting career. In 2001 he received an honorary Oscar for his works, the first screenwriter to receive that honor.
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Esther Soré
Esther Soré (27 May 1915 - 6 September 1996) is the main singer of Chilean melodies of the 20th century. She recorded for the first time the successful one pretty Chile, of Clara Solovera, and did not only he contribute to enrich the way to interpret those songs thanks to a voice recognized among the clearest and expressive of her time. Besides was a popular artist in an extensive sense: in the radio, the disks, the tours and the movies. From the folk music, and decades before words as showoman or entertainer were receptions here, Ester Soré, to whom they called the Black Pretty one, was the entretenedora Chilean of her time.
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Evald Okas
Evald Okas (born November 28, 1915 in Tallinn, Estonia) is an Estonian painter, probably best known for his portraits of nudes.
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Farid al-Atrash
Farid al-Atrash (Arabic: ; October 19, 1915 – December 26, 1974) was a Syrian-Egyptian composer, singer, virtuoso oud player, and actor. Having immigrated to Egypt in childhood, Farid embarked on a highly successful career spanning more than four decades — recording 350 songs and starring in 31 movies. Sometimes referred to as 'King of the Oud', he is one of the most important figures of 20th Century Arab music.
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Ferenc Sas
Ferenc Sohn, "Sas" (1915 – September 3, 1988) was a Hungarian footballer of Jewish ethnicity. He played as an attacking midfielder.
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Fergus Bowes-Lyon
Captain Fergus Bowes-Lyon (18 April 1889 - 27 September 1915) was an older brother of Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother.
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Frank Arthur Calder
: This article is about the Canadian politician. For the NHL executive, see also Frank Calder
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Frank Cady
Frank Cady (born September 8, 1915) is an American actor best known for his recurring and popular role as storekeeper Sam Drucker in three US television series during the 1960s: Petticoat Junction, Green Acres and The Beverly Hillbillies.
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Frank James
Alexander Franklin "Frank" James (January 10, 1843 – February 18, 1915) was a famous American outlaw. He was the older brother of outlaw Jesse James.
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Frank Pullen
Francis Henry "Frank" Pullen (September 8, 1915 – January 17, 1992) was an English businessperson and racehorse owner.
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Frank Sinatra
Francis Albert "Frank" Sinatra (; December 12, 1915 – May 14, 1998) was an American singer and actor.
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Frankie Yankovic
Frankie Yankovic (July 15, 1915 Davis, West Virginia - October 14, 1998) was a grammy award winning polka musician. Known as "America's Polka King," Yankovic was the premier artist to play in the Slovenian style during a long and successful career.
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Franz Kafka
Franz Kafka (; 3 July 1883 – 3 June 1924) was a German-language novelist, one of the most influential of the 20th century, whose works came to be regarded after his death as one of the major achievements of world literature. The term "" has entered the English language.
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François Faber
François Faber (26 January 1887, Aulnay-sur-Iton, Eure, France – died Carency, Pas-de-Calais, 9 May 1915) was a Luxembourgian cyclist. He was born in France. He was the first foreigner to win the Tour de France in 1909, and his record of winning 5 consecutive stages still stands. He died in World War I while fighting for France.
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Fred Ball
Frederick Henry Ball (July 17, 1915 – February 5, 2007) was an American movie studio executive, actor, brother of comedienne Lucille Ball.
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Fred Hoyle
Sir Fred Hoyle FRS (24 June 1915 – 20 August 2001) was an English astronomer and mathematician noted primarily for his contribution to the theory of stellar nucleosynthesis and his often controversial stance on other cosmological and scientific matters—in particular his rejection of the "Big Bang" theory, a term originally coined by him as a jocular, perhaps disparaging, name for the theory which was the main rival to his own. In addition to his work as an astronomer, Hoyle was a writer of science fiction, including a number of books co-written with his son Geoffrey Hoyle. Hoyle spent most of his working life at the Institute of Astronomy at Cambridge and served as its director for a number of years. He died in Bournemouth, England, after a series of strokes.
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Frederick Fisher
Frederick Fisher VC (August 3, 1894, St. Catharines, Ontario – April 23, 1915), was a Canadian recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces. He was the first Canadian-born man to win VC while serving in the Canadian Army. A native of St. Catharine's Ontario, he had gone to McGill University in Montreal to study engineering in 1913. During that year, he also joined the Alpha Psi Chapter of the Zeta Psi Fraternity
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Frère Roger
Frère Roger (Brother Roger) (Provence, Switzerland, May 12, 1915 - Taizé, August 16, 2005), baptised Roger Louis Schütz-Marsauche, also known as Brother Roger, was the founder and prior of the Taizé Community, an ecumenical monastic community.
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Georges Claude
The French engineer, chemist, and inventor Georges Claude (September 24, 1870 – May 23, 1960), was the first to apply an electrical discharge to a sealed tube of neon gas (circa 1902) to create a lamp. Inspired in part by Daniel McFarlan Moore's invention, Moore's Lamp, Paris-born Claude invented the neon lamp by passing an electric current through inert gases, making them glow very brightly.
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Ghulam Ishaq Khan
Ghulam Ishaq Khan (abbreviated as GIK) (, lang-ur|; January 20, 1915 – October 27, 2006) was the seventh President of Pakistan from August 17, 1988 until July 18, 1993.
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Gyula Zsengellér
Gyula Zsengellér (Cegléd, December 27, 1915 - Nicosia, March 29, 1999) was a Hungarian footballer and a legend of Újpest FC, most famous for his part in taking the Hungarian national team to the 1938 World Cup Final. He was that tournament's second-highest scorer, behind Leonidas of Brazil.
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Hari Singh
Maharaja Hari Singh (23 September 1895, Jammu–26 April 1961, Mumbai) was the last ruling Maharaja of the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir in India.
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Harry Bertoia
Harry Bertoia (b. March 10, 1915 in San Lorenzo, Pordenone, Italy. d. November 6, 1978 in Barto, Pennsylvania, United States), [http://www.kalvos.org/reddess1.html] was an Italian-born artist, sculptor, and modern furniture designer.
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Harry Houdini
Harry Houdini (born Erik Weisz; March 24, 1874 – October 31, 1926) was a Hungarian Jewish-American magician and escapologist, stunt performer, actor and film producer. He was also a skeptic who set out to expose frauds purporting to be supernatural phenomena.
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Harry Morgan
Harry Morgan (born April 10, 1915) is an American actor. Morgan is perhaps best known as Colonel Sherman T. Potter on M*A*S*H (1975–1983), Pete Porter on both Pete and Gladys (1960–1962) and December Bride (1954–1959), Detective Bill Gannon on Dragnet (1967–1970), and Amos Coogan on Hec Ramsey (1972–1974). He has appeared in more than 100 films.
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Helmut Schon
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Henry Taube
Professor Henry Taube, Ph.D , M.Sc , B.Sc , FRSC (November 30, 1915 – November 16, 2005) was a Canadian-born American chemist noted for having been awarded the 1983 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for "his work in the mechanisms of electron-transfer reactions, especially in metal complexes." He was the first Canadian-born chemist to win the Nobel Prize. Taube completed his undergraduate and Masters degrees at the University of Saskatchewan, and his Ph.D from the University of California, Berkeley.
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Herman Wouk
Herman Wouk ( "woke"; born May 27, 1915) is a bestselling, Pulitzer Prize-winning Jewish American author with a number of notable novels to his credit, including The Caine Mutiny, The Winds of War, and War and Remembrance.
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Hugh Paddick
Hugh William Paddick (22 August 1915 – 9 November 2000, Hoddesdon, Milton Keynes) was an English actor, whose most notable role was in the 1960s BBC radio show Round the Horne in sketches such as Charles and Fiona (as Charles) and Julian and Sandy (as Julian). Both he and Kenneth Williams are largely responsible for introducing the underground language polari to the British public. He was born in Hoddesdon, Hertfordshire.
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Ingrid Bergman
Ingrid Bergman (29 August 1915 – 29 August 1982) was a Swedish actress noted for her starring roles in American films. She won three Academy Awards, two Emmy Awards, and the Tony Award for Best Actress. She is ranked as the fourth greatest female star of American cinema of all time by the American Film Institute. She is best remembered for her role as Ilsa Lund in Casablanca (1942), a World War II drama co-starring Humphrey Bogart.
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Ismail Yasin
Ismail Yasin (also credited as Ismail Yasseen; ) (September 15, 1915-May 24, 1972) was an Egyptian comedian/actor. He is famous for a series of films with his name in the title.
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Ivan Supek
Ivan Supek (April 8, 1915 - March 5, 2007) was a Croatian physicist, philosopher, writer, playwright, peace activist and humanist.
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Jack Warhop
John Milton Warhop (July 4, 1884 - October 4, 1960) born in Hinton, West Virginia was a pitcher for the New York Highlanders/New York Yankees (1908-15).
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Jim O'Hora
James Joseph O’Hora (February 16, 1915 – August 5, 2005) was an American college football coach for over 30 years.
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Jimmy Lavender
Jimmy Lavender (James Sanford Lavender May 26, 1884-January 12, 1960) was a Major League Baseball pitcher. Born in Barnesville, Georgia, the right-hander played with the Chicago Cubs from 1912-1916 and with the Philadelphia Phillies in 1917.
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Joachim Peiper
Joachim Peiper (; 30 January 1915 – 14 July 1976) more often known as Jochen Peiper from the common German nickname for Joachim, was a field grade Waffen-SS officer in World War II, convicted of war crimes in Belgium and accused of war crimes in Italy. He was Reichsführer-SS Heinrich Himmler's personal adjutant (April 1938 – August 1941). In 1945, he was an SS-Standartenführer, the Waffen-SS's youngest regimental colonel. He was murdered in France in July 1976, after his house was attacked with molotov cocktails.
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John Bunny
John Bunny (September 21, 1863 – April 26, 1915) was an American actor and the first comic star of the early American silent film era.
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John Dehner
John Dehner (November 23, 1915 - February 4, 1992) was an American actor in radio, television, and films, playing countless roles, often as a droll villain. Between 1941 and 1988, he appeared in over 260 films and television programs. Prior to acting, Dehner had worked as an animator at Walt Disney Studios, and later became a radio disc jockey. He was also a professional pianist.
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John Hope Franklin
John Hope Franklin (2 January 1915 – 25 March 2009) was a United States historian and past president of Phi Beta Kappa, the Organization of American Historians, the American Historical Association, and the Southern Historical Association. The John Matthews Manly Distinguished Service Professor Emeritus at The University of Chicago, Franklin is best known for his work From Slavery to Freedom, first published in 1947, and continually updated. More than three million copies have been sold. In 1995, he was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the nation's highest civilian honor.
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John McCrae
Lieutenant Colonel John Alexander McCrae (November 30, 1872 – January 28, 1918) was a Canadian poet, physician, author, artist and soldier during World War I and a surgeon during the battle of Ypres. He is best known for writing the famous war memorial poem "In Flanders Fields".
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John Serry, Sr.
John Serry Sr. (Giovanni Serrapica January 29, 1915 - September 14, 2003) was an accomplished concert accordionist virtuoso, arranger, composer, organist and educator who performed on the CBS Radio and CBS Television networks. As a concert artist and soloist he elevated the use of the accordion within a full range of professional orchestral ensembles for over four decades during the early twentieth century.
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John Woodruff
MedalCountry |the
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Johnny Gruelle
Johnny Gruelle (December 24, 1880 - January 9, 1938) was an American artist, political cartoonist, children's book author and illustrator (and even songwriter). He is known as the creator of Raggedy Ann and Raggedy Andy. He had such confidence in his design that often he would create the final ink work without first sketching in pencil.
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Julian Grenfell
Julian Henry Francis Grenfell DSO (30 March 1888 - 26 May 1915), was a British soldier and poet of World War I.
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Julius Baker
Julius Baker (September 23, 1915 – August 8, 2003) was one of the foremost American orchestral flute players.
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Kaiser Matanzima
Kaiser Matanzima (15 June 1915 - June 15 2003) was a former leader of the Transkei in South Africa.
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Karl Münchinger
Karl Münchinger (May 29, 1915 – March 13, 1990) was a German conductor of European classical music. He helped to revive the now-ubiquitous Canon in D by Johann Pachelbel, through recording it with his Stuttgart Chamber Orchestra in 1960. (Jean-François Paillard made a rival, and also very popular, recording of the same piece at around the same time.) Münchinger is also noted for restoring baroque traditions to the interpretation of Bach's oeuvre, his greatest musical love: moderate-sized forces, judicious ornamentation, and rhythmic sprightliness, though not period instruments.
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Karl Targownik
Karl Kalman Targownik (June 17, 1915 - January 2, 1996) was a psychiatrist and Holocaust survivor.
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Khushwant Singh
Khushwant Singh (, ; born 2 February 1915) is a prominent Indian novelist and journalist. Singh's weekly column, "With Malice towards One and All", carried by several Indian newspapers, is among the most widely-read columns in the country.
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Knut Nystedt
Knut Nystedt (born 3 September 1915) is an orchestral and choral composer.
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Leo Frank
Leo Max Frank (April 17, 1884 – August 17, 1915) was a Jewish-American businessman whose lynching in 1915 by a mob of prominent citizens in Marietta, Georgia, turned the spotlight on antisemitism in the United States and led to the founding of the Anti-Defamation League.
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Leo Mol
Leo Mol, OC, OM (January 15, 1915 – July 4, 2009) was a Ukrainian Canadian artist and sculptor.
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Les Paul
Lester William Polsfuss (June 9, 1915 – August 12, 2009)—known as Les Paul—was an American jazz and country guitarist, songwriter and inventor. He was a pioneer in the development of the solid-body electric guitar which "made the sound of rock and roll possible". He is credited with many recording innovations. Although he was certainly not the first to use the technique, his early experiments with overdubbing (also known as sound on sound), delay effects such as tape delay, phasing effects, and multitrack recording were among the first to attract widespread attention.
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Leslie H. Martinson
Leslie "Les" H. Martinson (born January 16, 1915) is an American television and film director. He is married to television host and writer Connie Martinson.
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Lester Maddox
Lester Garfield Maddox (September 30, 1915 – June 25, 2003) was an American Democratic Party politician who was the 75th Governor of the U.S. state of Georgia from 1967 to 1971.
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Lucille Ball
Lucille Désirée Ball (August 6, 1911 – April 26, 1989) was an American comedienne, film, television, stage and radio actress, model, film and television executive, and star of the sitcoms I Love Lucy, The Lucy-Desi Comedy Hour, The Lucy Show, ''Here's Lucy and Life With Lucy''. One of the most popular and influential stars in America during her lifetime, with one of Hollywood's longest careers, especially on television, Ball began acting in the 1930s, becoming both a radio actress and B-movie star in the 1940s, and then a television star during the 1950s. She was still making films in the 1960s and 1970s.
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M. F. Husain
Maqbool Fida Husain, (born September 17, 1915, Pandharpur, Maharashtra, India) popularly known as MF, is an artist of Indian origin.
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Mady Rahl
Mady Rahl (January 3, 1915 — August 29, 2009) was a German stage and film actress.
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Marais Viljoen
Marais Viljoen (2 December 1915 - 4 January 2007) was the last ceremonial State President of South Africa from 4 June 1979 until 3 September 1984.
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Mario Monicelli
Mario Monicelli (born May 15, 1915 in Viareggio, Province of Lucca) is an Italian director and screenwriter, one of the masters of the ''Commedia all'Italiana'' (Comedy Italian style).
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Mark Goodson
Mark Goodson (January 14, 1915 – December 18, 1992) was an American television producer who specialized in game shows.
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Mary Slessor
Mary Slessor (2 December 1848 - 13 January 1915) was a Scottish missionary to Nigeria. Her determined work and strong personality allowed her to be trusted and accepted by the locals, spreading Christianity and promoting women's rights.
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Max Robertson
William Maxwell Robertson (28 August 1915 – 20 November 2009) was a sports commentator, radio and television presenter and author. He is best remembered for his forty years of tennis coverage on BBC Radio.
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Mexican Revolution
The Mexican Revolution () was a major armed struggle that started in 1910, with an uprising led by Francisco I. Madero against longtime autocrat Porfirio Díaz. The Revolution was characterized by several socialist, liberal, anarchist, populist, and agrarianist movements. Over time the Revolution changed from a revolt against the established order to a multi-sided civil war.
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Milton Meltzer
Milton Meltzer (May 8, 1915 – September 19, 2009) was an American historian and author best known for his history nonfiction books on Jewish, African-American and American history. Since the 1950s, he was a leading author of history books in the children's literature and young adult literature genres, having written more than 100 books.
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Modibo Keita
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Moshe Dayan
Moshe Dayan, (, 20 May 1915 – 16 October 1981) was an Israeli military leader and politician. The fourth Chief of Staff of the Israel Defense Forces (1953–1958), he became a fighting symbol to the world of the new State of Israel. He went on to become Defense Minister and later Foreign Minister of Israel.
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Mubarak Al-Sabah
Mubarak bin Sabah Al-Sabah, KCSI, KCIE (1837 - November 28, 1915) () "the Great" was the ruler of Kuwait from May 18, 1896 until his death on November 28, 1915. Mubarak ascended the throne upon the controversial death of his half-brother, Muhammad Al-Sabah. Mubarak was the seventh ruler of the Al-Sabah dynasty. Mubarak was also the father of two rulers of Kuwait that succeeded him, Jaber and Salim, from which the Al-Jaber and Al-Salim in the Al-Sabah family branches originated from respectively.
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Muddy Waters
McKinley Morganfield (April 4, 1915April 30, 1983), known as Muddy Waters, was an American blues musician, generally considered "the Father of blues". Blues musicians Big Bill Morganfield and Larry "Mud Morganfield" Williams are his sons. A major inspiration for the British blues explosion in the 1960s, Muddy was ranked #17 in Rolling Stone magazine's list of the 100 Greatest Artists of All Time.
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Nellie Lutcher
Nellie Lutcher (October 15, 1912 - June 8, 2007) was an African-American R&B; and jazz singer and pianist, who achieved prominence in the late 1940s and early 1950s.
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Nelson W. Aldrich
Nelson Wilmarth Aldrich (November 6, 1841 – April 16, 1915) was a prominent American politician and a leader of the Republican Party in the Senate, where he served from 1881 to 1911.
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Nien Cheng
Nien Cheng () (January 28, 1915 – November 2, 2009) was a Chinese American author who recounted her harrowing experiences of the Cultural Revolution in her memoir Life and Death in Shanghai. Born in Peking (Beijing), Cheng became a target of attack by Red Guards due to her management of a foreign firm in Shanghai, Shell. Maoist revolutionaries used this fact to claim that Cheng was a British spy in order to strike at Communist Party moderates for allowing the firm to operate in China after 1949. Her book documents her amazing courage and fortitude that enabled her to survive her imprisonment.
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Norman F. Ramsey
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Norman Wisdom
Sir Norman Joseph Wisdom, OBE (4 February 1915 – 4 October 2010) was an English comedian, singer-songwriter and actor best known for a series of comedy films produced between 1953 and 1966 featuring his hapless onscreen character Norman Pitkin. These films initially made more money than the James Bond film series, and secured Wisdom a celebrity status in lands as far apart as South America, Iran and many Eastern Bloc countries, particularly in Albania where his films were permitted by Enver Hoxha – Wisdom was the only Western actor to enjoy this privilege. Charlie Chaplin famously referred to Wisdom as his "favourite clown".
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Orson Welles
George Orson Welles (May 6, 1915 – October 10, 1985), best known as Orson Welles, was an American filmmaker, actor, theatre director, screenwriter, and producer, who worked extensively in film, theatre, television and radio. Noted for his innovative dramatic productions as well as his distinctive voice and personality, Welles is widely acknowledged as one of the most accomplished dramatic artists of the twentieth century, especially for his significant and influential early work—despite his notoriously contentious relationship with Hollywood. His distinctive directorial style featured layered, nonlinear narrative forms, innovative uses of lighting and chiaroscuro, unique camera angles, sound techniques borrowed from radio, deep focus shots, and long takes. Welles's long career in film is noted for his struggle for artistic control in the face of pressure from studios, which resulted in many of his films being severely edited and others left unreleased. He has thus been praised as a major creative force and as "the ultimate auteur."
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Patrick Leigh Fermor
'''Sir Patrick 'Paddy' Michael Leigh Fermor''' DSO OBE (born 11 February 1915, London) is a British author, scholar and soldier, who played a prominent role behind the lines in the Battle of Crete during World War II. He is widely regarded as "Britain's greatest living travel writer".
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Pattabhi Jois
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Paul Castellano
Constantino Paul "Big Paul" Castellano (June 26, 1915 – December 16, 1985), also known as "The Howard Hughes of the Mob" and "Big Paulie" (or "PC" to his family), was an American Mafia boss in New York City. He succeeded Carlo Gambino as head of the Gambino crime family, at the time, the nation's largest Mafia family. In 1985, he was one of many Mafia bosses arrested on charges of racketeering, which was to result in the Mafia Commission Trial; in December of that year, while out on bail, Castellano and his bodyguard were shot to death outside Sparks Steak House in Manhattan on the orders of John Gotti.
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Paul Ehrlich
This article is about Paul Ehrlich (14 March 1854 – 20 August 1915), a German immunologist.
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Paul Samuelson
Paul Anthony Samuelson (May 15, 1915 – December 13, 2009) was an American economist, and the first American to win the Nobel Prize in Economics. The Swedish Royal Academies stated, when awarding the prize, that he "has done more than any other contemporary economist to raise the level of scientific analysis in economic theory." Economic historian Randall E. Parker calls him the "Father of Modern Economics", and The New York Times considered him to be the "foremost academic economist of the 20th century."
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Paul Tibbets
Paul Warfield Tibbets, Jr. (February 23, 1915 – November 1, 2007) was a brigadier general in the United States Air Force, best known for being the pilot of the Enola Gay, the first aircraft to drop an atomic bomb in the history of warfare. The bomb, code-named Little Boy, was dropped on the Japanese city of Hiroshima. He was interviewed for documentary films about the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, including The World at War (1974), Men Who Brought the Dawn (1995) and Hiroshima (2005).
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Peride Celal
Peride Celal (born June 10, 1916) is a Turkish author. She was born in İstanbul.
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Pete Newell
Peter Francis Newell (August 3, 1915 – November 17, 2008) was an American college men's basketball coach and basketball instructional coach. He coached for 15 years at the University of San Francisco, Michigan State University and the University of California, Berkeley, compiling an overall record of 234 wins and 123 losses. He led the University of California to the 1959 NCAA men's basketball championship, and a year later coached the gold medal-winning U.S. team at the 1960 Summer Olympics. After his coaching career ended he ran a world-famous instructional basketball camp and served as a consultant and scout for several National Basketball Association (NBA) teams. He is often considered to be one of the most influential figures in the history of basketball.[http://www.sdhoc.com/main/articles/sandieganselsewhere/newellbasketballmind A beautiful basketball mind], www.sdhoc.com, accessed October 9, 2010. *Ortiz, Jorge L. [http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/chronicle/archive/2001/12/28/SP190250.DTL Another legacy at Newell Many coaches with links to Heathcote], December 28, 2001. * Chin. pg. 135 *Mandelbaum. pg. 329
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Piet de Jong
Petrus Josef Sietse "Piet" de Jong (; born April 3, 1915) is a retired Dutch politician of the defunct Catholic People's Party (KVP) now merged into the Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA). He served as Prime Minister of the Netherlands from April 5, 1967 until July 6, 1971. A veteran naval officer he served on several ships during World War II and ending the war as the Captain of one of the few surviving Dutch submarines. As of he is currently the oldest living former Prime Minister of the Netherlands and is one of the Longest lived state leaders at the age of .
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Porfirio Díaz
José de la Cruz Porfirio Díaz Mori (September 15, 1830 – July 2, 1915) was a Mexican War volunteer and French intervention hero, an accomplished general and the President of Mexico continuously from 1876 to 1911, with the exception of a brief term in 1876 when he left Juan N. Méndez as interim president, and a four-year term served by his political ally Manuel González from 1880 to 1884. Commonly considered by historians to have been a dictator, he is a controversial figure in Mexican history. The period of his leadership was marked by significant internal stability (known as the "paz porfiriana"), modernization, and economic growth. However, Díaz's conservative regime grew unpopular due to repression and political continuity, and he fell from power during the Mexican Revolution, after he had imprisoned his electoral rival and declared himself the winner of an eighth term in office. The years in which Díaz ruled Mexico are referred to as the Porfiriato.
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Preacher Roe
Elwin Charles Roe (known as Preacher Roe) (February 26, 1916 – November 9, 2008) was a Major League Baseball pitcher for the St. Louis Cardinals (1938), Pittsburgh Pirates (1944-1947), and Brooklyn Dodgers (1948-1954).
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Private John Condon
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Ray Evans
Raymond Bernard Evans (February 4, 1915 – February 15, 2007) was an American songwriter. He was a partner in a composing and songwriting duo with Jay Livingston, known for the songs they composed for films. Evans wrote the lyrics and Livingston the music for the songs.
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Richard Meux Benson
Richard Meux Benson (1824–1915) was a priest in the Church of England and founder of the Society of St. John the Evangelist, the first religious order of monks in the Anglican Communion since the Reformation. He is commemorated in the Calendar of Saints of the Anglican Church of Canada on 15 January and of the Episcopal Church (USA) on 16 January.
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Richard Willstätter
Richard Martin Willstätter (13 August 1872 – 3 August 1942) was a German organic chemist whose study of the structure of plant pigments, chlorophyll included, won him the 1915 Nobel Prize for Chemistry. Willstätter invented paper chromatography independently of Mikhail Tsvet.
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Robert A. Dahl
Robert Alan Dahl (born 17 December 1915), is the Sterling Professor emeritus of political science at Yale University, where he earned his Ph.D. in political science in 1940. He is past president of the American Political Science Association and one of the most distinguished political scientists writing today. Dahl has often been described as "the Dean" of American political scientists. He earned this title by his prolific writing output and the fact that scores of prominent political scientists studied under him.
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Robert Blair Mayne
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Robert Hofstadter
Robert Hofstadter (February 5, 1915 – November 17, 1990) was a Jewish American physicist. He was the joint winner of the 1961 Nobel Prize in Physics (together with Rudolf Mössbauer) "for his pioneering studies of electron scattering in atomic nuclei and for his consequent discoveries concerning the structure of nucleons."
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Robert Lockwood Jr.
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Robert Motherwell
Robert Motherwell (January 24, 1915 – July 16, 1991) was an American abstract expressionist painter and printmaker. He was one of the youngest of the New York School (a phrase he coined), which also included Jackson Pollock, Mark Rothko, Willem de Kooning, and Philip Guston.
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Robert Strassburg
Robert Strassburg (August 30, 1915 - October 25, 2003) - was a
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Romain Rolland
Romain Rolland (29 January 1866 – 30 December 1944) was a French dramatist, novelist, essayist, art historian and mystic who was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1915.
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Ross Macdonald
Ross Macdonald is the pseudonym of the American-Canadian writer of crime fiction Kenneth Millar (December 13, 1915 - July 11, 1983). He is best known for his highly acclaimed series of hardboiled novels set in southern California and featuring private detective Lew Archer.
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Rupert Brooke
Rupert Chawner Brooke (middle name sometimes given as Chaucer) (3 August 1887 – 23 April 1915) was an English poet known for his idealistic war sonnets written during the First World War (especially The Soldier). He was also known for his boyish good looks, which prompted the Irish poet William Butler Yeats to describe him as "the handsomest young man in England".
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Sam Edwards
Sam Edwards (May 26, 1915 - July 28, 2004) was an American actor. His most famous role on TV was as the banker in the TV series Little House on the Prairie.
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Santiago Carrillo
Santiago Carrillo Solares (born January 18, 1915), Spanish politician, was the General Secretary of the Communist Party of Spain (PCE) from 1960 to 1982.
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Sargent Shriver
Robert Sargent Shriver, Jr. (born November 9, 1915) is an American Democratic politician and activist. Known as "Sargent", Shriver is best known as part of the Kennedy family, as the driving force behind the creation of the Peace Corps, and as the Democratic Party's replacement candidate for U.S. vice president — having replaced nominee Thomas Eagleton, who resigned from the ticket — during the 1972 U.S. presidential election.
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Saul Bellow
Saul Bellow (June 10, 1915 – April 5, 2005) was a Canadian-born American writer. For his literary contributions, Bellow was awarded the Pulitzer Prize, the Nobel Prize for Literature, and the National Medal of Arts. He is the only writer to have won the National Book Award three times, and the only writer to have been nominated for it six times.
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Sid Hudson
Sidney Charles Hudson (December 31, 1914 – October 10, 2008) was a starting pitcher in Major League Baseball who played for the Washington Senators (1940-1942, 1946-1952) and Boston Red Sox (1952-1954). He batted and threw right-handed. He was born in Coalfield, Tennessee.
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Stanley Matthews
Sir Stanley Matthews, CBE (1 February 1915 – 23 February 2000) was an English footballer. Often regarded as one of the greatest players of the English game, he is the only player to have been knighted while still playing, as well as being the first winner of both the European Footballer of the Year and the Football Writers' Association Footballer of the Year awards. Matthews' nicknames included The Wizard of the Dribble and The Magician. A vegetarian teetotaller, he kept fit enough to play at the top level until he was 50 years old. He was also the oldest player ever to play in England's top football division and the oldest player ever to represent the country. He played his final competitive game in 1985, at the age of 70. Matthews was also an inaugural inductee to the English Football Hall of Fame in 2002 to honour his contribution to the English game.
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Stu Hart
Stewart Edward "Stu" Hart, CM (May 3, 1915 – October 16, 2003) was a Canadian amateur wrestler, professional wrestler, promoter and trainer. Hart founded Stampede Wrestling, a promotion based in Calgary, Alberta, and was the father of famous wrestlers Bret and Owen Hart. Along with Bret and Owen, Hart's trainees included future world champions Chris Jericho, Edge, Christian and Chris Benoit.
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Sviatoslav Richter
Sviatoslav Teofilovich Richter ( Sviatosláv Teofílovich Ríkhter, ; – August 1, 1997) was a Soviet pianist well known for the depth of his interpretations, virtuoso technique, and vast repertoire. He is widely considered one of the greatest pianists of the 20th century.
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T. Llew Jones
Thomas Llewelyn Jones (11 October 1915 – 9 January 2009) was a Welsh language writer who, over a writing career of more than 50 years, was one of the most prolific and popular authors of children's books in Welsh. He wrote, and was generally known, as T. Llew Jones.
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Tasha Tudor
Tasha Tudor (August 28, 1915 – June 18, 2008) was an American illustrator and author of children's books.
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Teoctist Arăpaşu
Teoctist (February 7, 1915 – July 30, 2007), born Toader Arăpaşu, was the Patriarch of the Romanian Orthodox Church from 1986 to 2007.
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Terry Frost
Sir Terry Frost RA (born Terence Ernest Manitou Frost) (13 October 1915 – 1 September 2003) was an English artist noted for his abstracts.
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Teófilo Braga
Joaquim Teófilo Fernandes Braga (; São José (Ponta Delgada) 24 February 1843 – 28 January 1924) was a Portuguese writer, playwright, politician and the leader of the Republican Provisional Government after the abdication of King Manuel II, as well as the second elected President of the First Portuguese Republic, following the resignation of President Manuel de Arriaga.
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Thomas Huckle Weller
Thomas Huckle Weller (June 15, 1915 – August 23, 2008) was an American virologist. He, John Franklin Enders and Frederick Chapman Robbins were awarded a Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1954 for showing how to cultivate poliomyelitis viruses in a test tube, using tissue from a monkey.
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Thomas Merton
Thomas Merton (January 31, 1915 – December 10, 1968) was a 20th century American Catholic writer. A Trappist monk of the Abbey of Gethsemani, Kentucky, he was a poet, social activist and student of comparative religion. In 1949, he was ordained to the priesthood and given the name Father Louis.
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Tito Gobbi
Tito Gobbi (24 October 19135 March 1984) was an Italian operatic baritone with an international reputation.
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Tok Janggut
Tok Janggut or Haji Mohd Hassan bin Munas (1853 - June 25, 1915) was a famous Malay warrior in Kelantan, Malaysia during British protectorate. He was named Tok Janggut because of his long beard, almost reaching his chest ('janggut' being the Malay word for beard).
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Tol Avery
Tol Avery (August 28, 1915 – August 27, 1973) was an American film and television character actor with more than a hundred screen appearances between 1950 and 1974. Noted for his enormous girth and cultured voice, Avery usually played sophisticated and articulate villains, portraying the featured nemesis in seven episodes of Maverick between 1957 and 1962, as well as "Ben Weaver" on The Andy Griffith Show and "Speaker Bert Metcalf" on the short-lived television series ''Slattery's People in 1964. He appeared five times on the long running western series The Virginian'' in the 1960s.
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Tony Wilding
MedalCountry |
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Typhoid Mary
Mary Mallon (September 23, 1869 – November 11, 1938), also known as Typhoid Mary, was the first person in the United States to be identified as a healthy carrier of typhoid fever. Over the course of her career as a cook, she is known to have infected 53 people, three of whom died from the disease. Her notoriety is in part due to her vehement denial of her own role in spreading the disease, together with her refusal to cease working as a cook. She was forcibly quarantined twice by public health authorities and died in quarantine. It is possible that she was born with the disease, as her mother had typhoid fever during her pregnancy.
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Venustiano Carranza
Venustiano Carranza de la Garza (December 29, 1859 – May 21, 1920) was one of the leaders of the Mexican Revolution. He ultimately became President of Mexico following the overthrow of the dictatorial Huerta regime in the summer of 1914 and during his administration the current constitution of Mexico was drafted. He was assassinated near the end of his term of office at the behest of a cabal of army generals resentful at his insistence that his successor be a civilian.
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Vijay Hazare
Vijay Samuel Hazare (11 March 1915–18 December 2004) was an Indian cricket player from the state of Maharashtra. He captained the Indian cricket team in 14 matches between 1951 and 1953. In India's 25th Test match, nearly 20 years after India achieved Test status, he led India to her first ever Test win (and the only victory under his captaincy) in 1951-52 against England at Madras, winning by an innings and eight runs in a match that began on the day that King George VI died.
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Vincent DeDomenico
Vincent Michael DeDomenico, Sr. (September 29, 1915 – October 18, 2007) was an American entrepreneur, one of the inventors of Rice-A-Roni, and a founder of the Napa Valley Wine Train.
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W. G. Grace
Dr William Gilbert ("WG") Grace, MRCS, LRCP (born 18 July 1848 at Downend, near Bristol; died 23 October 1915 at Mottingham, Kent) was an English amateur cricketer who has been widely acknowledged as the greatest player of all time, especially in terms of his importance to the development of the sport. Universally known as "WG", his initials being a sobriquet, he played first-class cricket for a record-equalling 44 seasons, from 1865 to 1908, during which he captained England, Gloucestershire County Cricket Club, the Gentlemen, MCC, the United South of England Eleven and several other teams. He came from a cricketing family and his brothers EM and Fred also played Test cricket for England.
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Walter Trampler
Walter Trampler (August 25, 1915 – September 27, 1997) was a German musician and teacher of the viola and viola d'amore.
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Wee Kim Wee
Wee Kim Wee (; POJ: Ng Kim-fei; 4 November 1915 – 2 May 2005) was the fourth President of Singapore from 2 September 1985 to 1 September 1993.
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Werner von Trapp
Werner Ritter von Trapp (21 December 1915 – 11 October 2007) was the second-oldest son of Georg Ritter von Trapp and Agathe Whitehead. He was a member of the Trapp Family Singers, whose lives were the inspiration for the play and movie The Sound of Music. He was portrayed as the character "Kurt".
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William Berenberg
William Berenberg, M.D. (October 29, 1915 – September 14, 2005) was an American physician, Harvard professor, and pioneer in the treatment and rehabilitation of cerebral palsy.
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William Henry Bragg
Sir William Henry Bragg OM, KBE, PRS (2 July 1862 – 10 March 1942) was a British physicist, chemist, mathematician and active sportsman who uniquely shared a Nobel Prize with his son William Lawrence Bragg - the 1915 Nobel Prize in Physics. The mineral Braggite is named after him and his son.
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William J. Simmons
William Joseph Simmons (May 6, 1880 in Harpersville, Alabama – May 18, 1945 in Atlanta, Georgia) was the founder of the second Ku Klux Klan on Thanksgiving Night of 1915.
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William Keene
William Keene (Birthname: William Joseph Keene d. August 4, 1915 in Pennsylvania - d. May 23, 1992 in Los Angeles, California) was an American television actor who appeared on several popular television shows more than one separate occasion as a different character. He appeared in shows more than once as a different character such as The Andy Griffith Show, Perry Mason and Mayberry R.F.D.. In 1961 he appeared on the television show Twilight Zone in the episodes "The Midnight Sun" and "The Prime Mover".Also appeared in "Lamb to the Slaughter".A classic 1958 episode of "Alfred Hitchcock Presents".
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William Proxmire
Edward William Proxmire (November 11, 1915 — December 15, 2005) was a member of the Democratic Party, who served in the United States Senate for the state of Wisconsin from 1957 to 1989.
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William Willett
William Willett (10 August 1856 – 4 March 1915), was an English builder and a tireless promoter of daylight saving time.
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World War I
World War I was a military conflict centered on Europe that began in the summer of 1914. The fighting ended in late 1918. This conflict involved all of the world's great powers, assembled in two opposing alliances: the Allies (centred around the Triple Entente) and the Central Powers. More than 70 million military personnel, including 60 million Europeans, were mobilized in one of the largest wars in history. More than 9 million combatants were killed, due largely to great technological advances in firepower without corresponding ones in mobility. It was the second deadliest conflict in history.
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Yuan Shikai
Yuan Shikai (; Courtesy Wèitíng 慰亭; Pseudonym: '''Róng'ān 容庵, also named after birthplace Yuán Xiàngchéng''' 袁项城) (16 September 1859 – 6 June 1916) was an important Chinese general and politician famous for his influence during the late Qing Dynasty, his role in the events leading up to the abdication of the last Qing Emperor of China, his autocratic rule as the first President of the Republic of China, and his short-lived attempt to revive the Chinese monarchy, with himself as the "Great Emperor of China".
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Édith Piaf
Édith Piaf (; 19 December 1915 – 11 October 1963), born Édith Giovanna Gassion, was a French singer and cultural icon who became universally regarded as France's greatest popular singer. Her singing reflected her life, with her specialty being ballads. Among her songs are "La Vie en rose" (1946), "Non, je ne regrette rien" (1960), "Hymne à l'amour" (1949), "Milord" (1959), "La Foule" (1957), "l'Accordéoniste" (1955), and "Padam... Padam..." (1951).
http://wn.com/Édith_Piaf
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1915 locust plague
The 1915 locust plague, which lasted from March to October 1915, was a plague of locusts that stripped areas in and around Palestine of almost all vegetation. This invasion of awesome proportions seriously compromised the already-depleted food supply of the region and sharpened the misery of all Jerusalemites.
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Anzac Cove
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Atlanta, Georgia
http://wn.com/Atlanta_Georgia -
Australia
{{Infobox country
http://wn.com/Australia -
Belgium
Belgium (, ), officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a state in Western Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts the EU's headquarters, as well as those of several other major international organizations such as NATO. Belgium covers an area of , and it has a population of about 10.8 million people.
http://wn.com/Belgium -
Bosporus
http://wn.com/Bosporus -
Chicago
Chicago ( or ) is the largest city in the state of Illinois. With over 2.8 million residents, it is the most populous city in the Midwestern United States and the third most populous city in the country. Its metropolitan area, commonly named "Chicagoland," is the 26th most populous in the world, home to an estimated 9.7 million people spread across the U.S. states of Illinois, Wisconsin, and Indiana. Chicago is the county seat of Cook County.
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Chile
Chile (, in English often pronounced //,), officially the Republic of Chile ( ), is a country in South America occupying a long, narrow coastal strip between the Andes mountains to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west. It borders Peru to the north, Bolivia to the northeast, Argentina to the east, and the Drake Passage in the far south. With Ecuador, it is one of two countries in South America which do not border Brazil. The Pacific coastline of Chile is 6,435 kilometres (4000 mi). Chilean territory includes the Pacific islands of Juan Fernández, Salas y Gómez, Desventuradas and Easter Island. Chile also claims about of Antarctica, although all claims are suspended under the Antarctic Treaty.
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Constantinople
Constantinople (, , Turkish: Istanbul) was the imperial capital of the Roman Empire, the Byzantine/Eastern Roman Empire, the Latin Empire and the Ottoman Empire. Throughout most of the Middle Ages, Constantinople was Europe's largest and wealthiest city.
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Dardanelles
The Dardanelles (, ), formerly known as the Hellespont
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Denmark
Denmark (; , , archaic: ), officially the Kingdom of Denmark (Danish: ) together with Greenland and the Faroe Islands, is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe. It is the southernmost of the Nordic countries, southwest of Sweden and south of Norway, and bordered to the south by Germany. Denmark borders both the Baltic and the North Sea. The country consists of a large peninsula, Jutland (Jylland) and many islands, most notably Zealand (Sjælland), Funen (Fyn), Vendsyssel-Thy (commonly considered a part of Jutland), Lolland, Falster and Bornholm, as well as hundreds of minor islands often referred to as the Danish Archipelago. Denmark has long controlled the approach to the Baltic Sea; before the digging of the Kiel Canal, water passage to the Baltic Sea was possible only through the three channels known as the "Danish straits".
http://wn.com/Denmark -
Detroit, Michigan
http://wn.com/Detroit_Michigan -
England
England () is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west and the North Sea to the east, with the English Channel to the south separating it from continental Europe. Most of England comprises the central and southern part of the island of Great Britain in the North Atlantic. The country also includes over 100 smaller islands such as the Isles of Scilly and the Isle of Wight.
http://wn.com/England -
Farringdon Road
Farringdon Road is a road in Clerkenwell, Central London. Its construction, which took almost 20 years between the 1840s and the 1860s, is considered one of the greatest urban engineering achievements of the nineteenth century. Not only was it one of the first engineered multi-lane roads, but it also buried the River Fleet in a system of underground tunnels, solving one of London's most daunting sanitary problems. Its construction also included the building of the world's first stretch of underground railway, a branch of the Metropolitan Railway that later became part of the London Underground running beneath Farringdon Road from into the City at station.
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Galveston
http://wn.com/Galveston -
Georgia (U.S. state)
Georgia () is a state located in the southeastern United States. Georgia was established in 1732, the last of the original Thirteen Colonies. Georgia was the fourth state to ratify the United States Constitution, on January 2, 1788. It declared its secession from the Union on January 21, 1861, and was one of the original seven Confederate states. It was the last state to be restored to the Union, on July 15, 1870 and the only among the 13 that is explicitly named after a monarch; King George II of England.
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German Empire
The German Empire (, called by some German historians as Kaiserlich Deutsches Reich or Kaiserreich) refers to Germany from the unification of Germany and proclamation of Wilhelm I as German Emperor on 18 January 1871 to 1918, when it became a federal republic after defeat in World War I and the abdication of Wilhelm II (28 November 1918). Deutsches Reich remained the official name of Germany throughout the Weimar period and most of the Nazi period until 1943, when it was changed to Großdeutsches Reich ("Great German Empire").
http://wn.com/German_Empire -
Germany
Germany (), officially the Federal Republic of Germany (, ), is a country in Western Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium, and the Netherlands. The territory of Germany covers 357.021 km2 and is influenced by a temperate seasonal climate. With 81.8 million inhabitants, it is the most populous member state of the European Union, and home to the third-largest number of international migrants worldwide.
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Great Yarmouth
Great Yarmouth, often known to locals as Yarmouth, is a coastal town in Norfolk, England. It is at the mouth of the River Yare, east of Norwich.
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Greece
Greece (; , Elláda, ; , Hellás, ), also known as Hellas and officially the Hellenic Republic (Ελληνική Δημοκρατία, Ellīnikī́ Dīmokratía, ), is a country in southeastern Europe. Situated on the southern end of the Balkan Peninsula, Greece has land borders with Albania, the Republic of Macedonia and Bulgaria to the north, and Turkey to the east. The Aegean Sea lies to the east of mainland Greece, the Ionian Sea to the west, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south. Greece has the tenth longest coastline in the world at in length, featuring a vast number of islands (approximately 1400, of which 227 are inhabited), including Crete, the Dodecanese, the Cyclades, and the Ionian Islands among others. Eighty percent of Greece consists of mountains, of which Mount Olympus is the highest at .
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Hawaii
: For geographic details see Geography and environment or Hawaiian Islands.
http://wn.com/Hawaii -
Iceland
:
http://wn.com/Iceland -
Italy
Italy (; ), officially the Italian Republic (), is a country located in south-central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and Slovenia along the Alps. To the south it consists of the entirety of the Italian Peninsula, Sicily, Sardinia — the two largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea — and many other smaller islands. The independent states of San Marino and the Vatican City are enclaves within Italy, whilst Campione d'Italia is an Italian exclave in Switzerland. The territory of Italy covers some and is influenced by a temperate seasonal climate. With 60.4 million inhabitants, it is the sixth most populous country in Europe, and the twenty-third most populous in the world.
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King's Lynn
'''King's Lynn''' () is a sea port and market town in the ceremonial county of Norfolk in the East of England. It is situated north-east of London and west of Norwich. The population of the town is 42,800.
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Kingdom of Bulgaria
The Kingdom (Tsardom) of Bulgaria () was established on October 5, 1908 (September 22 O.S.) when the Principality of Bulgaria officially proclaimed itself independent from the Ottoman Empire and was elevated to the style of kingdom. This move also formalised the annexation of the Ottoman province of Eastern Rumelia, which had been under Bulgarian control since 1885. In 1946 the monarchy was abolished, its final Tsar was sent into exile and the kingdom was replaced by a People's Republic. Although rarely, it is sometimes referred to as the Third Bulgarian Empire, as in the Middle Ages the term Tsardom meant an Empire. However, the Third Bulgarian state was internationally recognized as a Kingdom.
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Kingdom of Serbia
The Kingdom of Serbia (Serbian: Краљевина Србија, Kraljevina Srbija) was created when Prince Milan Obrenović, ruler of the Principality of Serbia, was crowned King in 1882. The Principality of Serbia was ruled by the Karadjordjevic dynasty from 1817 onwards (at times replaced by the Obrenovic dynasty). The Principality, suzerain to the Porte, had expelled all Ottoman troops by 1867, securing its de facto independence. The Congress of Berlin in 1878 recognized the formal independence of the Principality of Serbia.
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León, Guanajuato
The city of León, formally León de los Aldama is the seventh most populous city in Mexico and the first in the state of Guanajuato. It is also the seat of the municipality of León. It has a strong leather industry, offering shoes, boots, belts, jackets, and other leather accessories both to national and international markets.
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Liverpool
Liverpool () is a city and metropolitan borough of Merseyside, England, along the eastern side of the Mersey Estuary. It was founded as a borough in 1207 and was granted city status in 1880. Liverpool is the fourth largest city in the United Kingdom (third largest in England) and has a population of 435,500, and lies at the centre of the wider Liverpool Urban Area, which has a population of 816,216.
http://wn.com/Liverpool -
London
London () is the capital of England and the United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its founding by the Romans, who called it Londinium. London's core, the ancient City of London, largely retains its square-mile mediaeval boundaries. Since at least the 19th century, the name London has also referred to the metropolis developed around this core. The bulk of this conurbation forms the London region and the Greater London administrative area, governed by the elected Mayor of London and the London Assembly.
http://wn.com/London -
Lyme Regis
Lyme Regis () is a coastal town in West Dorset, England, situated 25 miles west of Dorchester and east of Exeter. The town lies in Lyme Bay, on the English Channel coast at the Dorset-Devon border. It is nicknamed "The Pearl of Dorset." The town is noted for the fossils found in the cliffs and beaches, which are part of the Heritage Coast—known commercially as the Jurassic Coast—a World Heritage Site. The harbour wall, "The Cobb", features in Jane Austen's novel Persuasion, and in the film and novel, ''The French Lieutenant's Woman'', by local writer John Fowles.
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Massillon, Ohio
Massillon is a city in Stark County in the U.S. state of Ohio, located approximately 55 miles south of Cleveland. The population was 31,325 at the 2000 census.
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Mexico
Mexico, (pronounced ; ), officially known as the United Mexican States (), is a federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of Mexico. Covering almost 2 million square kilometres (over 760,000 sq mi), Mexico is the fifth-largest country in the Americas by total area and the 14th largest independent nation in the world. With an estimated population of 111 million, it is the 11th most populous country and the most populous Hispanophone country on Earth. Mexico is a federation comprising thirty-one states and a Federal District, the capital city.
http://wn.com/Mexico -
NASA
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA, ) is an Executive Branch agency of the United States government, responsible for the nation's civilian space program and aeronautics and aerospace research. Since February 2006, NASA's self-described mission statement is to "pioneer the future in space exploration, scientific discovery and aeronautics research."
http://wn.com/NASA -
New Orleans
New Orleans ( or , locally or ; ) is a major United States port and the largest city and metropolitan area in the state of Louisiana. The New Orleans metropolitan area, (New Orleans–Metairie–Kenner) has a population of 1,235,650 as of 2009, the 46th largest in the USA. The New Orleans – Metairie – Bogalusa combined statistical area has a population of 1,360,436 as of 2000.
http://wn.com/New_Orleans -
Nobel Peace Prize
The Nobel Peace Prize (Swedish and Norwegian: Nobels fredspris) is one of the five Nobel Prizes bequeathed by the Swedish industrialist and inventor Alfred Nobel.
http://wn.com/Nobel_Peace_Prize -
Oxford, Georgia
Oxford is a city in Newton County, Georgia, in the United States. As of the 2000 census, the city population was 1,892. It is the location of Oxford College of Emory University. The entire town is also designated as a shrine of the United Methodist Church. Additionally, Confederate soldiers are buried in a small cemetery on the ground of Oxford College. The Dukes of Hazzard filmed its tv series opening credits jump on the grounds of the college.
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Pawn Stars
Pawn Stars is an American documentary reality television series on the History Channel. Produced in Manhattan by Leftfield Pictures, the series is filmed in Las Vegas, Nevada, where it chronicles the daily activities at the Gold & Silver Pawn Shop, a 24-hour family business operated by patriarch Richard Harrison, his son Rick Harrison, who opened the shop with his father in 1988, and Rick's son Corey, who has worked there since childhood, and who is being groomed to one day take over the shop. The show debuted on July 26, 2009, and it usually airs on Mondays at 10pm Eastern Time. Two new episodes usually premiere in an hour block on Mondays.
http://wn.com/Pawn_Stars -
Queenston, Ontario
The village of Queenston is located 5 km north of Niagara Falls, Ontario in the Town of Niagara-on-the-Lake. The community is bordered by Highway 405 and the Niagara River; its location on the Niagara Escarpment led to the establishment of the now-defunct Queenston Quarry in the area.
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Republic of China
The Republic of China (ROC), commonly known as Taiwan, is a state in East Asia located off the east coast of mainland China. Subject to an ongoing dispute with the People's Republic of China (PRC) that has left it with limited formal diplomatic relations, the government of the Republic of China currently governs the islands of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen, Matsu and other minor islands. Neighbouring states include the People's Republic of China to the west, Japan to the northeast, and the Philippines to the south.
http://wn.com/Republic_of_China -
San Francisco, CA
http://wn.com/San_Francisco_CA -
Scotland
Scotland (Scottish Gaelic: Alba) is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. Occupying the northern third of the island of Great Britain, it shares a border with England to the south and is bounded by the North Sea to the east, the Atlantic Ocean to the north and west, and the North Channel and Irish Sea to the southwest. In addition to the mainland, Scotland includes over 790 islands including the Northern Isles and the Hebrides.
http://wn.com/Scotland -
SMS Dresden (1907)
{|
http://wn.com/SMS_Dresden_(1907) -
Suvla Bay
http://wn.com/Suvla_Bay -
Turkey
Turkey (), known officially as the Republic of Turkey (), is a Eurasian country that stretches across the Anatolian peninsula in western Asia and Thrace in the Balkan region of southeastern Europe. Turkey is one of the six independent Turkic states. Turkey is bordered by eight countries: Bulgaria to the northwest; Greece to the west; Georgia to the northeast; Armenia, Azerbaijan (the exclave of Nakhchivan) and Iran to the east; and Iraq and Syria to the southeast. The Mediterranean Sea and Cyprus are to the south; the Aegean Sea to the west; and the Black Sea is to the north. The Sea of Marmara, the Bosphorus and the Dardanelles (which together form the Turkish Straits) demarcate the boundary between Eastern Thrace and Anatolia; they also separate Europe and Asia.
http://wn.com/Turkey -
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK, or Britain) is a country and sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island nation, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of the island of Ireland, and many smaller islands. Northern Ireland is the only part of the UK with a land border with another sovereign state, sharing it with the Republic of Ireland. Apart from this land border, the UK is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, the North Sea, the English Channel and the Irish Sea. Great Britain is linked to continental Europe by the Channel Tunnel.
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United States
The United States of America (also referred to as the United States, the U.S., the USA, or America) is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its forty-eight contiguous states and Washington, D.C., the capital district, lie between the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, bordered by Canada to the north and Mexico to the south. The state of Alaska is in the northwest of the continent, with Canada to the east and Russia to the west across the Bering Strait. The state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific. The country also possesses several territories in the Caribbean and Pacific.
http://wn.com/United_States -
Washington, D.C.
Washington, D.C. (), formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington, the District, or simply D.C., is the capital of the United States, founded on July 16, 1790. Article One of the United States Constitution provides for a federal district, distinct from the states, to serve as the permanent national capital. The City of Washington was originally a separate municipality within the federal territory until an act of Congress in 1871 established a single, unified municipal government for the whole District. It is for this reason that the city, while legally named the District of Columbia, is known as Washington, D.C. The city shares its name with the U.S. state of Washington, which is located on the country's Pacific coast.
http://wn.com/Washington_DC -
William J. Simmons
William Joseph Simmons (May 6, 1880 in Harpersville, Alabama – May 18, 1945 in Atlanta, Georgia) was the founder of the second Ku Klux Klan on Thanksgiving Night of 1915.
http://wn.com/William_J_Simmons
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Charlie Chaplin Studios in Hollywood, CA, circa 1915
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:02
- Published: 16 Sep 2007
- Uploaded: 08 Dec 2011
- Author: spunkybuddy
This shows the original Charlie Chaplin Studios going up in Hollywood, CA. It's the intro from a 1959 film called The Chaplin Revue, which he narrates. As you can see, not much was around there in those days except orange groves.
http://wn.com/Charlie_Chaplin_Studios_in_Hollywood,_CA,_circa_1915
Armenians and Assyrians massacared 1915
Edited with music, pictures and information.
http://wn.com/Armenians_and_Assyrians_massacared_1915
Claremont Theater, Manhattanville, New York City 1915
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:43
- Published: 07 May 2009
- Uploaded: 22 Nov 2011
- Author: TigerRocket
1915 Edison Manufacturing Co. The Claremont Theatre 3320-3338 Broadway (aka 536-540 West 135th Street) in Manhattanville. The village of Manhattnville was established in 1806 in a valley at the crossroads of Bloomingdale Road and Manhattan Street (Broadway and 125th Street). The community was the site of churches, a grade school, and Manhattan College (1853). A ferry terminus on the Hudson River, a mill, and a brewery contributed to a thriving enclave that had about five hundred residents at mid century. - (excerpt) Karen E. Markoe / Encyclopedia of New York City - Edited by Kenneth T. Jackson ''The Claremont Theater is one of the oldest structures in New York City planned specifically to exhibit motion pictures, originally called ''photoplays.'' Located in north Manhattanville, at the southeast corner of Broadway and 135th Street, the theater opened in November 1914. Commissioned by Arlington C. Hall and Harvey M. Hall of the Wayside Realty Company, it was designed in the neo-Renaissance style by Gaetano Ajello, an architect best known for apartment buildings on Manhattan's Upper West Side. The building has three distinct fronts, including a clipped corner façade where the auditorium's entrance was originally located. This distinctive arrangement enhanced the theater's visibility and increased the amount of retail space. The corner, consequently, received the most elaborate decorative treatment and is embellished with an elegant low relief depicting an early motion <b>...</b>
http://wn.com/Claremont_Theater,_Manhattanville,_New_York_City_1915
Indian 1915 8 valve boardtrack film.wmv
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:15
- Published: 18 Mar 2010
- Uploaded: 13 Dec 2011
- Author: yesterdaysnl
Starting a 1915 Indian 61cu.in. boardtrack racer at Yesterdays Nederweert Netherlands. Look at the flames coming out of the ported cylinder heads. This bike was found dismantled in an Australian collection some years ago. Boy, we have a hard life........
http://wn.com/Indian_1915_8_valve_boardtrack_filmwmv
armenian genocide 1915
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:41
- Published: 04 Mar 2007
- Uploaded: 02 Dec 2011
- Author: armenia4all
armenia4all
http://wn.com/armenian_genocide_1915
les vampires(1915) part 1
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:40
- Published: 10 Aug 2009
- Uploaded: 13 Dec 2011
- Author: mademoisellecora19
french silent movie n__n
http://wn.com/les_vampires1915_part_1
A Silent Night {Christmas 1915} - Jerry Lynch
Jerry Lynch singing A Silent Night {Christmas 1915}, written by Cormac MacConnell. the truce on the Front Line, World War One. Title: A SILENT NIGHT - CHRISTMAS 1915 Artist: JERRY LYNCH Label: DARA Date of entry: 25.12.1997 Highest Placement: 24 Weeks in the Irish Charts: 1 1915 on Christmas day On the western front the guns all died away And lying in the mud on bags of sand We heard a German sing from no mans land He had a tenor voice so pure and true The words were strange but every note we knew Soaring ore the living dead and dammed The German sang of peace from no mans land Oh silent night no cannons roar A king is born of peace for evermore Alls calm, alls bright all brothers hand in hand In nineteen and fifteen in no mans land They left there trenches and we left ours Beneath tins hats the smiles bloomed like wild flowers With photos, sigurates and boats of wine We built a solders truce on the front line There singer was a lad of twenty one We begged another song before the dawn And sitting in the mud and blood and fear He sang again the song all longed to hear Oh silent night no cannons roar A king is born of peace for evermore Alls calm, alls bright all brothers hand in hand Midst gas and rusty wire in no mans land And in the morning all the guns boomed in the rain And we killed them and they killed us again With binit, bomb, bullet gas and flame And neither we nor them atall to blame There was heavy fighting rite throughout the day For one night's peace we bloody <b>...</b>
http://wn.com/A_Silent_Night_{Christmas_1915}__Jerry_Lynch
Debussy: Élégie (1915)
Claude Debussy (1862 - 1918) Complete music for piano solo (in chronological order) Élégie (1915)
http://wn.com/Debussy_Élégie_1915
Batavia 1910 - 1915 (Full Version)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:22
- Published: 17 Mar 2009
- Uploaded: 12 Dec 2011
- Author: falkonungu
Credit : Indisch Filmarchief "PLEASE RATE"..Thank You
http://wn.com/Batavia_1910__1915_Full_Version
Shadow Hearts 2 - Vicious 1915 ~ Battle in Europe
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:07
- Published: 24 Oct 2008
- Uploaded: 12 Dec 2011
- Author: sxygamergirl
Album title: Shadow Hearts 2 Original Soundtrack Song title: Vicious 1915 ~ Battle in Europe I do not own any images or songs that I upload. They are purely for enjoyment purposes only. I strongly suggest you purchase the songs if you enjoy them to support the artists for their hard work. =)
http://wn.com/Shadow_Hearts_2__Vicious_1915_~_Battle_in_Europe
WC Fields in POOL SHARKS (1915)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:45
- Published: 12 Dec 2006
- Uploaded: 02 Nov 2011
- Author: klangkrieg
This is a restored version of WC Fields' first film, which had intertitles added to it in 1958 by Raymond Rohauer. The opening and closing titles were made by yours truly.
http://wn.com/WC_Fields_in_POOL_SHARKS_1915
Micho Russell (1915 - 1994)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:21
- Published: 09 Feb 2008
- Uploaded: 11 Dec 2011
- Author: clarebannerman
Micho Russell was born in 1915 in Doolin, Co. Clare. The area is rugged and windswept and looks straight across to the Aran Islands. Both his parents were native Irish speakers but spoke English to their children. The people of the area grew their own potatoes, kept a few animals and cut turf for winter warmth. Practically every house had a cheap German concertina played usually by the woman of the house. The people gathered in designated houses for a 'cuaird' or 'soiree' - a night of storytelling, singing and dancing. The youngsters would be listening and gradually become absorbed in the culture. As they got older they were allowed to join and eventually provided the music. Micho heard a tin whistle being played, thought it sounded lovely and got his first Clarke at age 11 from his father. Patrick Flanagan, a concertina player in the neighbourhood, showed Micho the scale and he took it from there. Later he got a wooden flute and in time played for those house dances in the company of his brother Pakie (concertina) and Gus (flute). Up until the 1960's Micho with his brothers worked the land and played music for pastime and enjoyment. Gradually the house dances waned and music moved into pubs like O' Connors and McGanns. Tony McMahon persuaded Micho to do a 'spot' in Slattery's, Capel Street, Dublin in the mid 60's - Pakie and Gus were just not interested in leaving the homestead. The uniqueness and simplicity of the man and his music astounded his audience and more and <b>...</b>
http://wn.com/Micho_Russell_1915__1994
Don Halls Test of a 1915 V twin 1000cc Indian
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:31
- Published: 03 Mar 2008
- Uploaded: 18 Nov 2011
- Author: Trapper100
Don Halls Test of a 1915 V twin 1000cc Indian
http://wn.com/Don_Halls_Test_of_a_1915_V_twin_1000cc_Indian
A Night Out (1915) Charlie Chaplin
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 34:03
- Published: 26 Jun 2011
- Uploaded: 08 Dec 2011
- Author: hermankatnip
A Night Out is a 1915 Charlie Chaplin comedy short. It was Chaplin's first film with Edna Purviance, who would continue as his leading lady for the following eight years. It was also Chaplin's first film with Essanay Film Company in Niles, California. Chaplin's first Essanay film, His New Job, was made in the Chicago studio, after which he moved to Niles Studios. He found Purviance in San Francisco when he was searching for leading lady for his films. A Night Out also stars Ben Turpin, Leo White and Bud Jamison.. Charlie and Ben pay a visit to a pub, then decide to visit a swanky restaurant. Now intoxicated, they come into conflict with a French dandy and his ladyfriend. The large head waiter violently ejects Ben, and later ejects Charlie also. The pair pay another visit to a pub, then make their way to their hotel. They become interested in a pretty young woman staying in the room across the hall, but when Charlie spies on her through the keyhole a bellboy makes him stop. Charlie is taken aback to realize that the young woman's husband is the head waiter from the restaurant. He promptly checks out and moves to another hotel. Meanwhile, the head waiter and his wife, dissatisfied with the service, also decide to move to another hotel-- and, unfortunately, choose the same one Charlie has chosen, and once more wind up in the room across the hall from him. When the young woman's dog runs into Charlie's room she follows in her pajamas. Her husband returns to find his wife with <b>...</b>
http://wn.com/A_Night_Out_1915_Charlie_Chaplin
1915
Clip from the series 1915 starring Sigrid Thornton, Andrew McFarlane, Jackie Woodburne, Scott Burgess, Scott McGregor, Ilona Rodgers
http://wn.com/1915
A Night in the Show (1915)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 18:03
- Published: 28 Oct 2006
- Uploaded: 27 Nov 2011
- Author: dianamherrera
A very old short silent film starring Charlie Chaplin. I kind of wish it had included some of that organ music that occasionally accompanies silent films. Public Domain. It's too frickin' old not to be.
http://wn.com/A_Night_in_the_Show_1915
The Birth of a Nation
Also known as "The Birth of a Nation; or the Clansman". Controversially racist DW Griffith film depicting the lives of two families, one Northern and one Southern, from before the Civil War and into Reconstruction. The families' servants epitomize the worst racial stereotypes and as the nation is ravaged by war, the slaves and abolitionists are blamed for it, while the formation of the Ku Klux Klan is cast as the film's would-be heroes! The film also includes a seemingly misplaced love story.
http://wn.com/The_Birth_of_a_Nation
Gallipoli 1915 cap.1
The Gallipoli campaign took place at Gallipoli peninsula in Turkey from 25 April 1915 to 9 January 1916, during the First World War. A joint British and French operation was mounted to capture the Ottoman capital of Istanbul, and secure a sea route to Russia. The attempt failed, with heavy casualties on both sides. In Turkey, the campaign is known as the Çanakkale Savaşları (Çanakkale Wars), after the province of Çanakkale. In the United Kingdom, it is called the Dardanelles Campaign or Gallipoli. In France it is called Les Dardanelles. In Australia, New Zealand and Newfoundland, it is known as the Gallipoli Campaign or simply as Gallipoli. It is also known as the Battle of Gallipoli. The Gallipoli campaign resonated profoundly among all nations involved. In Turkey, the battle is perceived as a defining moment in the history of the Turkish people—a final surge in the defence of the motherland as the centuries-old Ottoman Empire was crumbling. The struggle laid the grounds for the Turkish War of Independence and the foundation of the Turkish Republic eight years later under Atatürk, himself a commander at Gallipoli. The campaign was the first major battle undertaken by the Australian and New Zealand Army Corps (ANZAC), and is often considered to mark the birth of national consciousness in both of these countries. As Anzac Day, the 25th April remains the most significant commemoration of military casualties and veterans in Australia and New Zealand, surpassing Armistice Day <b>...</b>
http://wn.com/Gallipoli_1915_cap1
Charlie Chaplin - By The Sea (1915)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:21
- Published: 24 Sep 2008
- Uploaded: 01 Dec 2011
- Author: SirCharlesChaplin
Chaplin's 42nd Released April 29 1915. By the Sea was a quick film Charlie Chaplin made while waiting for a studio to work in Los Angeles. He just left Niles Essanay Studio after doing five films at that location. By the Sea was filmed all on location at Crystal Pier in April 1915. The story centers on Charlie and how he gets into trouble trying to grab the attention of the ladies on the beach. Edna Purviance plays one the wives Charlie shows interest in.
http://wn.com/Charlie_Chaplin__By_The_Sea_1915
The Birth of a Nation
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 186:32
- Published: 09 Aug 2011
- Uploaded: 13 Dec 2011
- Author: VISOCinema
Subscribe ow.ly | Facebook ow.ly | Twitter ow.ly Two brothers, Phil and Ted Stoneman, visit their friends in Piedmont, South Carolina: the family Cameron. This friendship is affected by the Civil War, as the Stonemans and the Camerons must join up opposite armies. The consequences of the War in their lives are shown in connection to major historical events, like the development of the Civil War itself, Lincoln's assassination, and the birth of the Ku Klux Klan.
http://wn.com/The_Birth_of_a_Nation
Harry Morgan, 1915-2011
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 0:37
- Published: 07 Dec 2011
- Uploaded: 13 Dec 2011
- Author: AssociatedPress
Harry Morgan, the character actor best known for playing Col. Potter on M*A*S*H, died Wednesday after having pneumonia. He was 96 years old. (Dec. 7)
http://wn.com/Harry_Morgan,_1915-2011
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Coney Island, Jan. 3, 1915
13 Jan 2012
The New York Times
The Library of Congress has been gradually posting to Flickr its trove of more than 40,000 photos from the Bain Collection, comprising the surviving photos of the Bain News Service, a photo agency founded by George Grantham Bain that flourished in the early 20th century. On Friday, they posted this...
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The New York Times
Historic Headlines Learn about key events in history and their connections to today.Go to related On This Day page »Go to related post from our partner, findingDulcinea »See all Historic Headlines » On Jan. 12, 1915, the United States House of Representatives voted, 204-174, to reject a...
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size: 15.4Kb
The Examiner
Are any of you stamp collectors? Would that be for fun or profit? reply Add a new comment Join the conversation! Log in here or create a new account if you've never registered before. Your name Comment * Comment * More information about text formats do not change Contact Email Contact Email2 Contact...
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Frank Sinatra born Dec. 12, 1915
13 Dec 2011
The Examiner
Yesterday would have been Frank Sinatra's 96th birthday. Frank Sinatra weighed 13½ pounds at birth, and appeared stillborn, but spluttered into life when placed under a cold tap by his Grandmother. Due to his difficult birth, he was scarred permanently on his left earlobe, cheek, and...
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size: 7.5Kb
The Examiner
Today would have been Frank Sinatra's 96th birthday. "Widely held to be the greatest singer in American pop history, Frank Sinatra was also the first modern pop superstar. He defined that role in the early 1940s when his first solo appearances provoked the kind of mass pandemonium that later...
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Harry Morgan, 1915-2011: An appreciation
08 Dec 2011
The State
LOS ANGELES - Harry Morgan, who died Wednesday at age 96, was one of the first people I can remember seeing on television, in an early-'60s situation comedy called "Pete and Gladys," about which I can remember nothing else except that it also starred an actress named Cara Williams, about whom I can...
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Harry Morgan, 1915 - 2011
07 Dec 2011
IMDb
"Harry Morgan, the prolific character actor best known for playing the acerbic but kindly Colonel Potter in the long-running television series...
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__NOTOC__
Year 1915 (MCMXV) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Thursday of the 13-day-slower Julian calendar.
January – While working as a cook at New York's Sloan Hospital under an assumed name, Typhoid Mary infects 25 people, and is placed in quarantine for life.
January 1
* WWI: The battleship HMS Formidable is sunk off Lyme Regis, Dorset, England, by a German U-Boat.
* The Battle of Broken Hill, a train ambush near Broken Hill, New South Wales, in Australia.
Harry Houdini does one of his straitjacket escape performances.
January 12
* The Rocky Mountain National Park is established by an act of the U.S. Congress.
* The United States House of Representatives rejects a proposal to give women the right to vote.
January 13 – An earthquake (6.8 in Richter scale) in Avezzano, Italy, kills more than 29,000.
January 18 – Twenty-One Demands from Japan to China are made.
January 19
* Georges Claude patents the neon discharge tube for use in advertising.
* German zeppelins bomb the cities of Great Yarmouth and King's Lynn in the United Kingdom for the first time, killing more than 20.
January 21 – Kiwanis International is founded in Detroit, Michigan.
January 28 – An act of the U.S. Congress designates the United States Coast Guard, begun in 1790, as a military branch.
January 31 – WWI: Germany uses poison gas against the Russians.
February 8 – The controversial film, The Birth of a Nation, directed by D.W. Griffith, premieres in Los Angeles, California.
February 12 – In Washington, D.C. the first stone of the Lincoln Memorial is put into place.
February 20 – In San Francisco, CA the Panama-Pacific International Exposition is opened.
March – The 1915 locust plague breaks out in Palestine; it continues until October.
March 3 – NACA, the predecessor of NASA, is founded.
March 14
* WWI: Off the coast of Chile, the Royal Navy force SMS Dresden to scuttle.
* Britain, [[French Third Republic|
France]] and Russia agree to give Constantinople and the Bosporus to Russia in case of victory (the treaty is later nullified by the Bolshevik Revolution).
March 18 – WWI: A British attack on the Dardanelles fails.
March 19 – Pluto is photographed for the first time but is not then classified as a planet.
March 25 – The U.S. submarine F-4 sinks off Hawaii; 21 are killed.
March 26 – The Vancouver Millionaires Win the Stanley Cup over the Ottawa Senators three games to zero.
March 28 – The first Roman Catholic Liturgy is celebrated by Archbishop John Ireland at the newly consecrated Cathedral of Saint Paul in Saint Paul, Minnesota.
April 22 – WWI: Start of Second Battle of Ypres. First use of poison gas on the western Front.
April 24 – The murder of 1.5 millions Armenians by Ottomans; the Armenian Genocide, started.
April 25 – WWI: Start of the Gallipoli Campaign. Lasted until January 1916.
May 3 – John McCrae writes In Flanders Fields.
May 5 – WWI: The Turks begin shelling Anzac Cove from a new position behind their lines.
May 6 – Babe Ruth hits his first career home run off of Jack Warhop.
May 7 – WWI: The RMS Lusitania is sunk by a German U-boat, killing 1,198.
May 9 – WWI – Second Battle of Artois: German and French forces fight to a standstill.
May 17 – The last purely Liberal government in the United Kingdom ends when Prime Minister Herbert Henry Asquith forms an all party coalition.
May 22 – The Quintinshill railway disaster in Scotland leaves more than 200 dead.
May 24 – WWI: Italy joins the Allies after they declare war on Austria-Hungary.
May 25 – China agrees to Twenty-One Demands.
May 29 – Teófilo Braga becomes president of Portugal.
June 3 – Mexican Revolution: Troops of Obregon and Villa clash at León: Obregon loses his right arm in grenade attack but Villa is decisively defeated.
June 9 – U.S. Secretary of State William Jennings Bryan resigns over a disagreement regarding his nation's handling of the RMS Lusitania sinking.
June 16 – The British Women's Institute is founded.
July 7 – An extremely overloaded International Railway (New York – Ontario) trolley with 157 passengers crashes near Queenston, Ontario, resulting in 15 casualties.
July 24 – The steamer Eastland capsizes in central Chicago, with the loss of 844 lives.
July 28 – The United States occupation of Haiti begins.
August 5–August 23 – Hurricane Two of the 1915 Atlantic hurricane season over Galveston and New Orleans leaves 275 dead.
August 6 – WWI – Battle of Sari Bair: The Allies mount a diversionary attack timed to coincide with a major Allied landing of reinforcements at Suvla Bay.
August 16 – The Entente promises the Kingdom of Serbia, should victory be achieved over Austro-Hungary and its allied Central Powers, the territories of Baranja, Srem and Slavonia from the Cisleithanian part of the Dual Monarchy; Bosnia and Herzegovina; and eastern Dalmatia (from the river of Krka to Bar).
August 17 – Jewish American Leo Frank is lynched for the alleged murder of a 13-year-old girl in Atlanta, Georgia.
August 31 – Jimmy Lavender of the Chicago Cubs pitches a no hitter against the New York Giants.
September 6 – The first prototype tank is tested for the British Army for the first time.
September 7 – Former cartoonist John B. Gruelle is given a patent for his Raggedy Ann doll.
September 8 – A Zeppelin raid destroys No.61 Farringdon Road, London. It was rebuilt in 1917 and called The Zeppelin Building.
September 11 – The Pennsylvania Railroad begins electrified commuter rail service between Paoli and Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, using overhead AC trolley wires for power. This type of system is later used in long-distance passenger trains between New York City, Washington, D.C., and Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.
October 12 – WWI: British nurse Edith Cavell is executed by a German firing squad for helping Allied soldiers escape from Belgium.
October 15 – WWI: Austria-Hungary invades the Kingdom of Serbia. Kingdom of Bulgaria enters the war, invading Kingdom of Serbia. The retreat of the Serbian First Army towards Greece begins the Serbian Campaign (WWI).
October 19 – Mexican Revolution: The U.S. recognizes the Mexican government of Venustiano Carranza de facto (not de jure until 1917).
October 23 – WWI: Torpedoing of the armored cruiser SMS Prinz Adalbert results in only three men being rescued from a crew of 675, the greatest single loss of life for the German Imperial Navy in the Baltic Sea during the War.
October 27 – William Morris Hughes becomes the 7th Prime Minister of Australia.
October 28 – The St. Johns School Fire in Peabody, Massachusetts kills twenty-one girls between the ages of 7 and 17.
November – Sykes-Picot Agreement: The governments of Britain and France secretly agree to overtake the Middle-Eastern regions of the Ottoman Empire (mostly Syria and Iraq), and establish their own zones of influence.
November 14 – A vision is allegedly encountered by various military personnel in Europe at 22:30 hours (as recounted on the television series One Step Beyond).
November 18 – Release of the U.S. silent film Inspiration, the first mainstream movie in which a leading actress (Audrey Munson) appears nude.
November 23 – The Triangle Film Corporation opens its new motion picture theater in Massillon, Ohio.
November 24 – William J. Simmons revives the Civil War era Ku Klux Klan at Stone Mountain, Georgia.
November 25 – The theory of general relativity is formulated.
December 12 – Chinese president Yuan Shikai declares himself Emperor.
December 23 – The HMHS Britannic, the largest individual British loss in WWI, departs Liverpool on her maiden voyage.
December 25 – In WWI, British and German forces declare a Christmas truce, get out of the trenches and have a free-for-all kick-around football game in no-man's land.
December 26 – The Irish Republican Brotherhood Military Council decides to stage a rising on Easter Sunday 1916.
Alfred Wegener proposes the theory of Pangaea.
Emory College is rechartered as Emory University, and plans to move its main campus from Oxford, Georgia to Atlanta.
Lord Beaverbrook buys the Daily Express.
The first stop sign appears in Detroit, Michigan.
Women's suffrage is introduced in Denmark and Iceland.
Franz Kafka's short novel Die Verwandlung is first published in Germany.
January 2 – John Hope Franklin, American historian (d. 2009)
January 3
* Sid Hudson, American baseball player (d. 2008)
* Mady Rahl, German stage and film actress (d. 2009)
January 5 – Arthur H. Robinson, American geographer and cartographer (d. 2004)
January 6 – Don Edwards, American politician
January 9 – Anita Louise, American actress (d. 1970)
January 11 – Robert Blair Mayne, British soldier and co-founder of the Special Air Service (d. 1955)
January 14 – Mark Goodson, American television game show producer (d. 1992)
January 15 – Leo Mol, Ukrainian Canadian artist and sculptor (d. 2009)
January 16 – Leslie H. Martinson, American television and film director
January 18 – Santiago Carrillo, Spanish politician
January 20 – Ghulam Ishaq Khan, President of Pakistan (d. 2006)
January 23 – Arthur Lewis, British economist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1991)
January 24 – Robert Motherwell, American painter (d. 1991)
January 28 – Nien Cheng, Chinese-born American writer (d. 2009)
January 29 – John Serry, Sr., American musician, composer, arranger (d. 2003)
January 30
* Joachim Peiper, German S.S. officer (d. 1976)
* John Profumo, British cabinet minister (d. 2006)
January 31
* Alan Lomax, American folklorist and musicologist (d. 2002)
* Thomas Merton, American monk and author (d. 1968)
February 1
* Artur London, Czech statesman (d. 1986)
* Sir Stanley Matthews, English footballer (d. 2000)
* Alicia Rhett, American actress and painter
February 2 – Khushwant Singh, Indian writer
February 4 – Sir Norman Wisdom, English comedian, singer, and actor (d. 2010)
February 5 – Robert Hofstadter, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1990)
February 7 – Teoctist Arăpaşu, Ex-Romanian Orthodox Church Patriarch (d. 2007)
February 10 – Karl Winsch, American professional baseball player and manager (d. 2001)
February 11 – Patrick Leigh Fermor, British author and soldier (d. 2011)
February 14 – Ray Evans, American composer (d. 2007)
February 16
* Jim O'Hora, American college football coach (d. 2005)
* Elisabeth Eybers, South African poet (d. 2007)
February 19 – John Freeman, British politician
February 23 – Paul Tibbets, American WWII bomber pilot (Enola Gay) (d. 2007)
February 26 – Preacher Roe, American baseball player (d. 2008)
February 28
* Zero Mostel, American film and stage actor (A Funny Thing Happened On The Way To The Forum) (d. 1977)
* Peter Medawar, Brazilian-born scientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1987)
March 4 – Carlos Surinach, Spanish composer (d. 1997)
March 6 – Syedna Mohammed Burhanuddin, Leader of the Dawoodi Bohra Community
March 9 – John Edgar "Johnnie" Johnson, English pilot (d. 2001)
March 10 – Harry Bertoia, Italian artist and designer (d. 1978)
March 11 – Vijay Hazare, Indian cricketer (d. 2004)
March 14 – Alexander Brott, Canadian conductor and composer (d. 2005)
March 15 – Ferenc Sas, Hungarian football right-winger (died 1988)
March 17 – Bill Roycroft, Australian equestrian (d. 2011)
March 19 – Patricia Morison, American actress
March 20
* Rudolf Kirchschlaeger, Austrian politician (d. 2000)
* Sviatoslav Richter, Ukrainian pianist (d. 1997)
March 23 – Vasily Zaitsev, Soviet sniper (d. 1991)
March 27 – Robert Lockwood Jr., American musician (d. 2006)
March 30
* Arsenio Erico, Paraguayan footballer (d. 1977)
* Pietro Ingrao, Italian politician
March 31 – Albert Hourani, English historian (d. 1993)
April 3 – Piet de Jong, Dutch politician, Prime Minister of the Netherlands from 1967 until 1971
April 4 – Muddy Waters, African-American musician (d. 1983)
April 7
* Albert O. Hirschman, German-born economist
* Billie Holiday, African-American singer (d. 1959)
* Stanley Adams, American actor (d. 1977)
April 8 – Ivan Supek, Croatian physicist, author, and human rights activist (d. 2007)
April 10
* Sardar Muhammad Ibrahim Khan, Founder of Azad Kashmir, Guerrilla leader who Led the Kashmir revolt against Maharaja Hari Singh of Kashmir.
* Harry Morgan, American actor (Dragnet)
April 12 – Július Tomin, Czech writer known for promoting Interlingua (d. 2003)
April 15 – Elizabeth Catlett, American-born artist
April 21 – Anthony Quinn, Mexican actor (d. 2001)
April 29 – Donald Mills, lead tenor of The Mills Brothers (d. 1999)
April 30 – Elio Toaff, Italian rabbi
May 1 – Archie Williams, American athlete (d. 1993)
May 2 – Doris Fisher, American singer and songwriter (d. 2003)
May 3 – Stu Hart, Canadian wrestling trainer (d. 2003)
May 5 – Alice Faye, American entertainer (d. 1998)
May 6 – Orson Welles, American actor and director (d. 1985)
May 8 – Milton Meltzer, American author (d. 2009)
May 10 – Denis Thatcher, British businessman, husband of UK Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher (d. 2003)
May 12 – Frère Roger, Swiss founder of the Taizé Community (d. 2005)
May 15
* Hilda Bernstein, English-born author, artist, and activist (d. 2006)
* Mario Monicelli, Italian film director (d. 2010)
* Paul Samuelson, American economist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2009)
May 20 – Moshe Dayan, Israeli military leader and politician (d. 1981)
May 26 – Sam Edwards, American actor (d. 2004)
May 27
* Esther Soré, Chilean musician (d. 1996)
* Herman Wouk, American author
May 29 – Karl Münchinger, German conductor (d. 1990)
June 1 – John Randolph, American actor (d. 2004)
June 4 – Modibo Keita, former President of Mali (d. 1977)
June 9 – Les Paul, American inventor and musician (d. 2009)
June 10
* Saul Bellow, Canadian-born writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2005)
* Peride Celal, Turkish author
June 12 – David Rockefeller, American banker and philanthropist
June 15
* Kaiser Matanzima, President of the Transkei bantustan (d. 2003)
* Thomas Huckle Weller, American virologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 2008)
June 17
* Karl Targownik, Hungarian psychiatrist and Holocaust survivor (d. 1996)
* Mario Echandi Jiménez, President of Costa Rica (d. 2011)
June 24 – Sir Fred Hoyle, British astronomer (d. 2001)
June 26
* Charlotte Zolotow, American author
* Paul Castellano, American gangster (d. 1985)
June 27 – Grace Lee Boggs, American feminist and author
June 28 – David Honeyboy Edwards, American musician (d. 2011)
July 2 – Arthur Wellesley, 8th Duke of Wellington
July 5 – John Woodruff, American athlete (d. 2007)
July 15 – Albert Ghiorso, American nuclear scientist (d. 2010)
July 17 – Fred Ball, American movie studio executive, actor, and the brother of comedienne Lucille Ball (d. 2007)
July 24 – Enrique Fernando, Chief Justice of the Philippine Supreme Court (d. 2004)
July 26 – Pattabhi Jois, Indian yogi (d. 2009)
July 28
* Charles Townes, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
* Frankie Yankovic, American accordion player (d. 1998)
July 28 – Dick Sprang,American comic book artist during the golden age of comics and an explorer (d. 2000)
August 3
* Pete Newell, Canadian-born basketball coach (d. 2008)
* Frank Arthur Calder, Canadian politician (d. 2006)
August 4 – William Keene, American actor (d. 1992)
August 12 – Michael Kidd, American choreographer (d. 2007)
August 14 – Irene Hickson, American professional baseball player (d. 1995)
August 19 – Ring Lardner Jr., American film screenwriter (d. 2000)
August 22 – Hugh Paddick, British actor (d. 2000)
August 25 – Walter Trampler, American violist (d. 1997)
August 27 – Norman F. Ramsey, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
August 28
* Tasha Tudor, American illustrator (d. 2008)
* Max Robertson, British sports commentator (d. 2009)
* Tol Avery, American actor (d. 1973)
August 29 – Ingrid Bergman, Swedish actress (d. 1982)
August 30
* Lilian Craig, British-born, Swedish princess
* Robert Strassburg, American composer (d. 2003)
September 2 – Meinhardt Raabe, American actor (d. 2010)
September 3 – Knut Nystedt, Norwegian composer
September 8
* Frank Cady, American actor
* Frank Pullen, English business person and racehorse owner (d. 1992)
September 10 – Viva Leroy Nash, American murderer, oldest death row inmate (d. 2010)
September 12 – Frank McGee, American television personality (d. 1974)
September 14
* John Dobson, American astronomer
* Douglas Kennedy, American actor (d. 1973)
September 15
* Ismail Yasin, Egyptian comedian and actor (d. 1972)
* Helmut Schon, German football player and manager (d. 1996)
September 17
* M. F. Husain, Indian artist (d. 2011)
* Adolfo Sánchez Vázquez, Spanish-born philosopher
September 23
* Julius Baker, American flautist (d. 2003)
* Clifford Shull, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2001)
September 29 – Vincent DeDomenico, American entrepreneur (d. 2007)
September 30 – Lester Maddox, Governor of Georgia (d. 2003)
October 1 – T. Llew Jones, Welsh author and poet (d. 2009)
October 13 – Terry Frost, English artist (d. 2003)
October 15
* Nellie Lutcher, American singer (d. 2007)
* Yitzhak Shamir, Israeli politician
October 17 – Arthur Miller, American playwright (d. 2005)
October 19 – Farid al-Atrash, Arab composer, singer, virtuoso oud player, and actor (d. 1974)
October 24
* Bob Kane, American comic book artist/writer, creator of Batman (d. 1998)
* Tito Gobbi, Italian operatic baritone (d. 1984)
October 28 – Dody Goodman, American actress and dancer (d. 2008)
October 29 – William Berenberg, American physician (d. 2005)
October 30 – Jane Randolph, American actress (d. 2009)
November 4 – Wee Kim Wee, 4th president of Singapore (d. 2005)
November 9
* André François, French cartoonist (d. 2005)
* Sargent Shriver, American politician (d. 2011)
November 11 – William Proxmire, U.S. Senator (d. 2005)
November 12 – Roland Barthes, French philosopher and literary critic (d. 1980)
November 17 – David "Stringbean" Akeman, American country music banjo player (d. 1973)
November 19 – Earl Wilbur Sutherland Jr., American physiologist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1974)
November 23 – John Dehner, American actor (d. 1992)
November 25
* Augusto Pinochet, President of Chile (d. 2006)
* Stanley Wilson, American musician (d. 1970)
November 28 – Evald Okas, Estonian painter (d. 2011)
November 30 – Brownie McGhee, American musician (d. 1996)
November 30 – Henry Taube, Canadian-born chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2005)
December 2 – Marais Viljoen, former President of South Africa (d. 2007)
December 7 – Eli Wallach, American actor
December 8 – Ernest Lehman, American screenwriter (d. 2005)
December 9 – Elisabeth Schwarzkopf, German-born soprano (d. 2006)
December 12 – Frank Sinatra, American entertainer (d. 1998)
December 13 – Ross Macdonald, American-Canadian writer (d. 1983)
December 17 – Robert A. Dahl, American political scientist
December 19 – Édith Piaf, French singer (d. 1963)
December 21 – Werner von Trapp, member of the Trapp Family Singers (d. 2007)
December 22 – Barbara Billingsley, American actress (Leave It To Beaver) (d. 2010)
December 27 – Gyula Zsengellér, Hungarian footballer (d. 1999)
January 13 – Mary Slessor, Scottish Christian missionary (b. 1848)
January 14 – Richard Meux Benson, English founder of an Anglican religious order (b. 1824)
January 23 – Anne Whitney American sculptor and poet (b. 1821)
February 3 (executed for their part in the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria):
* Veljko Čubrilović (b. 1886)
* Danilo Ilić (b. 1891)
February 5 – Ross Barnes, American baseball player (b. 1850)
February 18 – Frank James American outlaw (b. 1843)
March 4 – William Willett, English promoter of daylight saving time (b. 1856)
March 9 – François Faber, Luxembourgian cyclist (b. 1887) (killed in action)
March 15 – George Llewelyn Davies, English soldier, inspiration for the "Lost Boys" of Peter Pan (b. 1893) (killed in action)
March 31 – Wyndham Halswelle, Scottish runner (b. 1882) (killed in action)
April 16 – Nelson W. Aldrich, U.S. Senator from Rhode Island (b. 1841)
April 23
* Rupert Brooke, English poet (b. 1887) (sepsis from an infected mosquito bite)
* Frederick Fisher, Canadian VC recipient (killed in action) (b. 1894)
April 27 – Alexander Scriabin, Russian composer (b. 1872)
May 7
* Charles Frohman, American theater producer, died on Lusitania (b. 1856)
* Alfred Gwynne Vanderbilt I, American sportsman, died on Lusitania (b. 1877)
May 19 – Tony Wilding, New Zealand tennis player (born 1883)
May 24 – Private John Condon, youngest British soldier to die during the First World War (b. c. 1901)
May 26 – Julian Grenfell, poet (killed in action) (b. 1888)
May 31 – Victor Child Villiers, 7th Earl of Jersey, 18th Governor of New South Wales (b. 1845)
June 7 – Charles Reed Bishop, preeminent businessman and philanthropist in Hawaii (b. 1822)
June 25 – Tok Janggut, Malayan rebel leader (b. 1853) (killed in battle)
July 2 – Porfirio Díaz, President of Mexico (b. 1830)
July 16 – Ellen G. White, American prophetess, co-founder of Seventh-Day Adventism, most translated American author (b. 1827)
August 20 – Paul Ehrlich, German scientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1854)
August 26 – John Bunny American silent film comedian (b. 1863)
August 31 – Adolphe Pegoud, aviator (KIA) (b. 1889)
September 9 – Albert Spalding, baseball player and sporting goods manufacturer (b. 1850)
September 11 – William Sprague IV, America politician from Rhode Island (b. 1830)
September 13 – Andrew L. Harris, American Civil War hero and Governor of Ohio (b. 1835)
September 27 – Fergus Bowes-Lyon, brother of Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother (killed in battle) (b. 1889)
October 12
* Edith Cavell, nurse and war heroine (shot) (b. 1865)
* Charles Sorley, British poet (killed in action) (b. 1895)
October 23 – W. G. Grace, English cricketer (b. 1848)
October 26 – August Bungert, German composer and poet (b. 1845)
October 30 – Charles Tupper, Prime Minister of Canada (b. 1821)
November 15 – Booker T. Washington, American educator (b. 1856)
November 28 – Mubarak Al-Sabah, Emir of Kuwait (b. 1896)
December 31 – Tommaso Salvini, Italian actor (b. 1829)
Chemistry – Richard Willstätter
Literature – Romain Rolland
Medicine – not awarded
Peace – not awarded
Physics – William Henry Bragg and William Lawrence Bragg
1915 Coin Pictures
Pictures of the 1915 Galveston Hurricane at the University of Houston Digital Library
af:1915
am:1915 እ.ኤ.አ.
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ar:ملحق:1915
an:1915
frp:1915
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av:1915
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bn:১৯১৫
zh-min-nan:1915 nî
map-bms:1915
be:1915
be-x-old:1915
bh:१९१५
bcl:1915
bs:1915
br:1915
bg:1915
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cbk-zam:1915
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da:1915
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myv:1915 ие
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fa:۱۹۱۵ (میلادی)
hif:1915
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bpy:মারি ১৯১৫
id:1915
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kn:೧೯೧೫
pam:1915
krc:1915 джыл
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new:ई सं १९१५
ja:1915年
nap:1915
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pa:੧੯੧੫
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pnb:1915
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ru:1915 год
sah:1915
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ckb:١٩١٥
srn:1915
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tg:1915
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uk:1915
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zh-yue:1915年
diq:1915
bat-smg:1915
zh:1915年
Events
Below, the events of World War I have the "WWI" prefix.
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Date unknown
Births
January–February
March–April
May–June
July–August
September–October
November–December
Deaths
January–June
July–December
Nobel Prizes
Notes
References
This text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
| name | Charlie Chaplin |
|---|---|
| birth name | |
| birth date | April 16, 1889 |
| birth place | Walworth, London, United Kingdom |
| death date | |
| death place | Vevey, Vaud, Switzerland |
| medium | Film, music, mimicry |
| nationality | British |
| active | 1895–1976 |
| genre | Slapstick, mime, visual comedy |
| influenced | Marcel MarceauThe Three StoogesFederico FelliniMilton BerlePeter SellersRowan AtkinsonJohnny DeppJacques Tati |
| spouse | 1 child 2 children 8 children |
| Signature | Firma de Charles Chaplin.svg }} |
Sir Charles Spencer "Charlie" Chaplin, KBE (16 April 1889 25 December 1977) was an English comic actor, film director and composer best known for his work during the silent film era. He became the most famous film star in the world before the end of World War I. Chaplin used mime, slapstick and other visual comedy routines, and continued well into the era of the talkies, though his films decreased in frequency from the end of the 1920s. His most famous role was that of The Tramp, which he first played in the Keystone comedy Kid Auto Races at Venice in 1914. From the April 1914 one-reeler Twenty Minutes of Love onwards he was writing and directing most of his films, by 1916 he was also producing them, and from 1918 he was even composing the music for them. With Mary Pickford, Douglas Fairbanks and D. W. Griffith, he co-founded United Artists in 1919.
Chaplin was one of the most creative and influential personalities of the silent-film era. He was influenced by his predecessor, the French silent film comedian Max Linder, to whom he dedicated one of his films. His working life in entertainment spanned over 75 years, from the Victorian stage and the music hall in the United Kingdom as a child performer, until close to his death at the age of 88. His high-profile public and private life encompassed both adulation and controversy. Chaplin's identification with the left ultimately forced him to resettle in Europe during the McCarthy era in the early 1950s.
In 1999, the American Film Institute ranked Chaplin the 10th greatest male screen legend of all time. In 2008, Martin Sieff, in a review of the book Chaplin: A Life, wrote: "Chaplin was not just 'big', he was gigantic. In 1915, he burst onto a war-torn world bringing it the gift of comedy, laughter and relief while it was tearing itself apart through World War I. Over the next 25 years, through the Great Depression and the rise of Adolf Hitler, he stayed on the job. ... It is doubtful any individual has ever given more entertainment, pleasure and relief to so many human beings when they needed it the most". George Bernard Shaw called Chaplin "the only genius to come out of the movie industry".
Biography
Early life in London (1889–1909)
Charles Spencer Chaplin was born on 16 April 1889, supposedly in East Street, Walworth, London, England. (In 2011, a letter, written to him in the 1970s, came to light, claiming that he had been born in a Gypsy caravan at Black Patch Park in Smethwick, Staffordshire.) His parents were entertainers in the music hall tradition; his father, Charles Spencer Chaplin Sr, was a vocalist and an actor while his mother, Hannah Chaplin, was a singer and an actress who went by the stage name Lilly Harley. They separated before Charlie was three. He learned singing from his parents. The 1891 census shows that his mother lived with Charlie and his older half-brother Sydney on Barlow Street, Walworth.As a child, Chaplin also lived with his mother in various addresses in and around Kennington Road in Lambeth, including 3 Pownall Terrace, Chester Street and 39 Methley Street. His paternal grandmother's mother was from the Smith family of Romanichals, a fact of which he was extremely proud, though he described it in his autobiography as "the skeleton in our family cupboard". Charles Chaplin Sr. was an alcoholic and had little contact with his son, though Chaplin and his half-brother briefly lived with him and his mistress, Louise, at 287 Kennington Road. The half-brothers lived there while their mentally ill mother lived at Cane Hill Asylum at Coulsdon. Chaplin's father's mistress sent the boy to Archbishop Temple's Boys School. His father died of cirrhosis when Charlie was twelve in 1901. As of the 1901 Census, Chaplin resided at 94 Ferndale Road, Lambeth, as part of a troupe of young male dancers, The Eight Lancashire Lads, managed by William Jackson.
A larynx condition ended the singing career of Hannah Chaplin. After her re-admission to the Cane Hill Asylum, her son was left in the workhouse at Lambeth in south London, moving several weeks later to the Central London District School for paupers in Hanwell.
In 1903 Chaplin secured the role of Billy the pageboy in Sherlock Holmes, written by William Gillette and starring English actor H. A. Saintsbury. Saintsbury took Chaplin under his wing and taught him to marshal his talents. In 1905 Gillette came to England with Marie Doro to debut his new play, Clarice, but the play did not go well. When Gillette staged his one-act curtain-raiser, The Painful Predicament of Sherlock Holmes as a joke on the British press, Chaplin was brought in from the provinces to play Billy. When Sherlock Holmes was substituted for Clarice, Chaplin remained as Billy until the production ended on 2 December. During the run, Gillette coached Chaplin in his restrained acting style. It was during this engagement that the teenage Chaplin fell hopelessly in love with Doro, but his love went unrequited and Doro returned to America with Gillette when the production closed.
They met again in Hollywood eleven years later. She had forgotten his name but, when introduced to her, Chaplin told her of being silently in love with her and how she had broken his young heart. Over dinner, he laid it on thick about his unrequited love. Nothing came of it until two years later, when they were both in New York and she invited him to dinner and a drive. Instead, Chaplin noted, they simply “dined quietly in Marie’s apartment alone.” However, as Kenneth Lynn pointed out, “Chaplin would not have been Chaplin if he had simply dined quietly with Marie.”
First years in the United States (1910–1913)
Chaplin first toured the United States with the Fred Karno troupe from 1910 to 1912. After five months in England, he returned to the U.S. for a second tour, arriving with the Karno Troupe on 2 October 1912. In the Karno Company was Arthur Stanley Jefferson, who later became known as Stan Laurel. Chaplin and Laurel shared a room in a boarding house. Laurel returned to England but Chaplin remained in the United States. In late 1913, Chaplin's act with the Karno Troupe was seen by Mack Sennett, Mabel Normand, Minta Durfee, and "Fatty" Arbuckle. Sennett hired him for his studio, the Keystone Film Company as a replacement for Ford Sterling. Chaplin had considerable difficulty adjusting to the demands of film acting and his performance suffered for it. After Chaplin's first film appearance, Making a Living was filmed, Sennett felt he had made a costly mistake. Most historians agree it was Normand who persuaded him to give Chaplin another chance.Sennett did not warm to Chaplin right away, and Chaplin believed Sennett intended to fire him following a disagreement with Normand. However, Chaplin's pictures were soon a success, and he became one of the biggest stars at Keystone.
Chaplin was given over to Normand, who directed and wrote a handful of his earliest films. Chaplin did not enjoy being directed by a woman, and they often disagreed. Eventually, the two worked out their differences and remained friends long after Chaplin left Keystone.
The Tramp (1914–1915)
The Tramp debuted during the silent film era in the Keystone comedy Kid Auto Races at Venice (released on 7 February 1914). However, Chaplin had devised the tramp costume for a film produced a few days earlier but released later (9 February 1914), Mabel's Strange Predicament. Mack Sennett had requested that Chaplin "get into a comedy make-up". As Chaplin recalled in his autobiography: }}"The Tramp" is a vagrant with the refined manners, clothes, and dignity of a gentleman. Arbuckle contributed his father-in-law's bowler hat ('derby') and his own pants (of generous proportions). Chester Conklin provided the little cutaway tailcoat, and Ford Sterling the size-14 shoes, which were so big, Chaplin had to wear each on the wrong foot to keep them on. He devised the moustache from a bit of crepe hair belonging to Mack Swain. The only thing Chaplin himself owned was the whangee cane.
Chaplin, with his Little Tramp character, quickly became the most popular star in Sennett's company of players. He immediately gained enormous popularity among cinema audiences. "The Tramp", Chaplin's principal character, was known as "Charlot" in the French-speaking world, Italy, Spain, Andorra, Portugal, Greece, Romania and Turkey, "Carlitos" in Brazil and Argentina, and "Der Vagabund" in Germany.
Chaplin continued to play the Tramp through dozens of short films and, later, feature-length productions (in only a handful of other productions did he play characters other than the Tramp). He portrayed a Keystone Kop in A Thief Catcher filmed 5–26 Jan 1914.
The Tramp was closely identified with the silent era, and was considered an international character; when the sound era began in the late 1920s, Chaplin refused to make a talkie featuring the character. The 1931 production City Lights featured no dialogue. Chaplin officially retired the character in the film Modern Times (released 5 February 1936), which appropriately ended with the Tramp walking down an endless highway toward the horizon. The film was only a partial talkie and is often called the last silent film. The Tramp remains silent until near the end of the film when, for the first time, his voice is finally heard, albeit only as part of a French/Italian-derived gibberish song.
Chaplin's early Keystones use the standard Mack Sennett formula of extreme physical comedy and exaggerated gestures. Chaplin's pantomime was subtler, more suitable to romantic and domestic farces than to the usual Keystone chases and mob scenes. The visual gags were pure Keystone, however; the tramp character would aggressively assault his enemies with kicks and bricks. Moviegoers loved this cheerfully earthy new comedian, even though critics warned that his antics bordered on vulgarity. Chaplin was soon entrusted with directing and editing his own films. He made 34 shorts for Sennett during his first year in pictures, as well as the landmark comedy feature Tillie's Punctured Romance.
The Tramp was featured in the first film trailer to be exhibited in a U.S. cinema, a slide promotion developed by Nils Granlund, advertising manager for the Marcus Loew theatre chain, and shown at the Loew's Seventh Avenue Theatre in Harlem in 1914. In 1915, Chaplin signed a much more favourable contract with Essanay Studios, and further developed his cinematic skills, adding new levels of depth and pathos to the Keystone-style slapstick. Most of the Essanay films were more ambitious, running twice as long as the average Keystone comedy. Chaplin also developed his own stock company, including ingénue Edna Purviance and comic villains Leo White and Bud Jamison.
Chaplin's popularity continued to soar in the early years following the start of WW1. He started to become noticed by stars of the legitimate theatre. Minnie Maddern Fiske, one of the legends of the stage endorsed Chaplin's artistry in an article in Harper's Weekly(6 May 1915). At the start of her article Mrs. Fiske spoke, "...To the writer Charles Chaplin appears as a great comic artist, possessing inspirational powers and a technique as unfaltering as Rejane's. If it be treason to Art to say this, then let those exalted persons who allow culture to be defined only upon their own terms make the most of it..." In the following years Chaplin would make many friends from the world of the Broadway stage.
Chaplin was emerging as the supreme exponent of silent films, an emigrant himself from London. Chaplin's Tramp enacted the difficulties and humiliations of the immigrant underdog, the constant struggle at the bottom of the American heap and yet he triumphed over adversity without ever rising to the top, and thereby stayed in touch with his audience. Chaplin's films were also deliciously subversive. The bumbling officials enabled the immigrants to laugh at those they feared.
Pioneering film artist and global celebrity (1916–1918)
In 1916, the Mutual Film Corporation paid Chaplin US$670,000 to produce a dozen two-reel comedies. He was given near complete artistic control, and produced twelve films over an eighteen-month period that rank among the most influential comedy films in all cinema. Of his Mutual comedies, the best known include: Easy Street, One A.M., The Pawnshop, and The Adventurer. Edna Purviance remained the leading lady, and Chaplin added Eric Campbell, Henry Bergman, and Albert Austin to his stock company; Campbell, a Gilbert and Sullivan veteran, provided superb villainy, and second bananas Bergman and Austin would remain with Chaplin for decades. Chaplin regarded the Mutual period as the happiest of his career, although he also had concerns that the films during that time were becoming formulaic owing to the stringent production schedule his contract required. Upon the U.S. entering World War I, Chaplin became a spokesman for Liberty Bonds with his close friend Douglas Fairbanks and Mary Pickford.Most of the Chaplin films in circulation date from his Keystone, Essanay, and Mutual periods. After Chaplin assumed control of his productions in 1918 (and kept exhibitors and audiences waiting for them), entrepreneurs serviced the demand for Chaplin by bringing back his older comedies. The films were recut, retitled, and reissued again and again, first for theatres, then for the home-film market, and in recent years, for home video. Even Essanay was guilty of this practice, fashioning "new" Chaplin comedies from old film clips and out-takes. The twelve Mutual comedies were revamped as sound films in 1933, when producer Amadee J. Van Beuren added new orchestral scores and sound effects.
At the conclusion of the Mutual contract in 1917, Chaplin signed a contract with First National to produce eight two-reel films. First National financed and distributed these pictures (1918–23) but otherwise gave him complete creative control over production. Chaplin now had his own studio, and he could work at a more relaxed pace that allowed him to focus on quality. Although First National expected Chaplin to deliver short comedies like the celebrated Mutuals, Chaplin ambitiously expanded most of his personal projects into longer, feature-length films, including Shoulder Arms (1918), The Pilgrim (1923) and the feature-length classic The Kid (1921).
United Artists (1919–1939)
In 1919, Chaplin co-founded the United Artists film distribution company with Mary Pickford, Douglas Fairbanks and D. W. Griffith, all of whom were seeking to escape the growing power consolidation of film distributors and financiers in the developing Hollywood studio system. This move, along with complete control of his film production through his studio, assured Chaplin's independence as a film-maker. He served on the board of UA until the early 1950s.
All Chaplin's United Artists pictures were of feature length, beginning with the atypical drama in which Chaplin had only a brief cameo role, A Woman of Paris (1923). This was followed by the classic comedies The Gold Rush (1925) and The Circus (1928).
After the arrival of sound films, Chaplin continued to focus on silent films with a synchronised recorded score, which included sound effects and music with melodies based in popular songs or composed by him; The Circus (1928), City Lights (1931), and Modern Times (1936) were essentially silent films. City Lights has been praised for its mixture of comedy and sentimentality. Critic James Agee, for example, wrote in Life magazine in 1949 that the final scene in City Lights was the "greatest single piece of acting ever committed to celluloid".
While Modern Times (1936) is a non-talkie, it does contain talk—usually coming from inanimate objects such as a radio or a TV monitor. This was done to help 1930s audiences, who were out of the habit of watching silent films, adjust to not hearing dialogue. Modern Times was the first film where Chaplin's voice is heard (in the nonsense song at the end, which Chaplin both performed and wrote the nonsense lyrics to). However, for most viewers it is still considered a silent film.
Although "talkies" became the dominant mode of film making soon after they were introduced in 1927, Chaplin resisted making such a film all through the 1930s. He considered cinema essentially a pantomimic art. He said: "Action is more generally understood than words. Like Chinese symbolism, it will mean different things according to its scenic connotation. Listen to a description of some unfamiliar object—an African warthog, for example; then look at a picture of the animal and see how surprised you are".
It is a tribute to Chaplin's versatility that he also has one film credit for choreography for the 1952 film Limelight, and another as a singer for the title music of The Circus (1928). The best known of several songs he composed are "Smile", composed for the film Modern Times (1936) and given lyrics to help promote a 1950s revival of the film, famously covered by Nat King Cole. "This Is My Song" from Chaplin's last film, A Countess from Hong Kong, was a number one hit in several different languages in the late 1960s (most notably the version by Petula Clark and discovery of an unreleased version in the 1990s recorded in 1967 by Judith Durham of The Seekers), and Chaplin's theme from Limelight was a hit in the 1950s under the title "Eternally." Chaplin's score to Limelight won an Academy Award in 1972; a delay in the film premiering in Los Angeles made it eligible decades after it was filmed. Chaplin also wrote scores for his earlier silent films when they were re-released in the sound era, notably The Kid for its 1971 re-release.
The Great Dictator (1940)
Chaplin's first talking picture, The Great Dictator (1940), was an act of defiance against Nazism. It was filmed and released in the United States one year before the U.S. entry into World War II. Chaplin played the role of "Adenoid Hynkel", Dictator of Tomainia, modelled on German dictator Adolf Hitler, who was only four days his junior and sported a similar moustache. The film also showcased comedian Jack Oakie as "Benzino Napaloni", dictator of Bacteria, a jab at Italian dictator Benito Mussolini.Paulette Goddard filmed with Chaplin again, depicting a woman in the ghetto. The film was seen as an act of courage in the political environment of the time, both for its ridicule of Nazism, for the portrayal of overt Jewish characters, and the depiction of their persecution. In addition to Hynkel, Chaplin also played a look-alike Jewish barber persecuted by the regime. The barber physically resembled the Tramp character.
At the conclusion, the two characters Chaplin portrayed swapped positions through a complex plot, and he dropped out of his comic character to address the audience directly in a speech denouncing dictatorship, greed, hate, and intolerance, in favour of liberty and human brotherhood.
The film was nominated for Academy awards for Best Picture (producer), Best Original Screenplay (writer) and Best Actor.
McCarthy era
Although Chaplin had his major successes in the United States and was a resident from 1914 to 1953, he always maintained a neutral nationalistic stance. During the era of McCarthyism, Chaplin was accused of "un-American activities" as a suspected communist and J. Edgar Hoover, who had instructed the FBI to keep extensive secret files on him, tried to end his United States residency. FBI pressure on Chaplin grew after his 1942 campaign for a second European front in the war and reached a critical level in the late 1940s, when Congressional figures threatened to call him as a witness in hearings. This was never done, probably from fear of Chaplin's ability to lampoon the investigators.In 1952, Chaplin left the US for what was intended as a brief trip home to the United Kingdom for the London premiere of Limelight. Hoover learned of the trip and negotiated with the Immigration and Naturalization Service to revoke Chaplin's re-entry permit, exiling Chaplin so he could not return for his alleged political leanings. Chaplin decided not to re-enter the United States, writing: "Since the end of the last world war, I have been the object of lies and propaganda by powerful reactionary groups who, by their influence and by the aid of America's yellow press, have created an unhealthy atmosphere in which liberal-minded individuals can be singled out and persecuted. Under these conditions I find it virtually impossible to continue my motion-picture work, and I have therefore given up my residence in the United States."
That Chaplin was unprepared to remain abroad, or that the revocation of his right to re-enter the United States by FBI Director J. Edgar Hoover was a surprise to him, may be apocryphal: An anecdote in some contradiction is recorded during a broad interview with Richard Avedon, celebrated New York portraitist.
Avedon is credited with the last portrait of the entertainer to be taken before his departure to Europe and therefore, the last photograph of him as a singularly “American icon.” According to Avedon, Chaplin telephoned him at his studio in New York City, while on a layover for transportation connections before the final leg of his travel to England. The photographer considered the impromptu self-introduction a prank and angrily answered his caller with the riposte, “If you’re Charlie Chaplin, I’m Franklin Roosevelt!” To mollify Avedon, Chaplin assured the photographer of his authenticity and added the comment, “If you want to take my picture, you better do it now. They are coming after me and I won’t be back. I leave ... (imminently).” Avedon interrupted his production commitments to take Chaplin’s portrait the next day, and never personally saw Chaplin again.
Chaplin then made his home in Vevey, Switzerland. He briefly and triumphantly returned to the United States in April 1972, with his wife, to receive an Honorary Oscar, and also to discuss how his films would be re-released and marketed.
Final works (1957–1976)
Chaplin's final two films were made in London: A King in New York (1957) in which he starred, wrote, directed and produced; and A Countess from Hong Kong (1967), which he directed, produced, and wrote. The latter film stars Sophia Loren and Marlon Brando, and Chaplin made his final on-screen appearance in a brief cameo role as a seasick steward. He also composed the music for both films with the theme song from A Countess From Hong Kong, "This is My Song", reaching number one in the UK as sung by Petula Clark. Chaplin also compiled a film The Chaplin Revue from three First National films A Dog's Life (1918), Shoulder Arms (1918) and The Pilgrim (1923) for which he composed the music and recorded an introductory narration. As well as directing these final films, Chaplin also wrote My Autobiography, between 1959 and 1963, which was published in 1964.
In his pictorial autobiography My Life In Pictures, published in 1974, Chaplin indicated that he had written a screenplay for his daughter, Victoria; entitled The Freak, the film would have cast her as an angel. According to Chaplin, a script was completed and pre-production rehearsals had begun on the film (the book includes a photograph of Victoria in costume), but were halted when Victoria married. "I mean to make it some day," Chaplin wrote. However, his health declined steadily in the 1970s which hampered all hopes of the film ever being produced.
From 1969 until 1976, Chaplin wrote original music compositions and scores for his silent pictures and re-released them. He composed the scores of all his First National shorts: The Idle Class in 1971 (paired with The Kid for re-release in 1972), A Day's Pleasure in 1973, Pay Day in 1972, Sunnyside in 1974, and of his feature length films firstly The Circus in 1969 and The Kid in 1971. Chaplin worked with music associate Eric James whilst composing all his scores.
Chaplin's last completed work was the score for his 1923 film A Woman of Paris, which was completed in 1976, by which time Chaplin was extremely frail, even finding communication difficult.
Death (1977)
Chaplin's robust health began to slowly fail in the late 1960s, after the completion of his final film A Countess from Hong Kong, and more rapidly after he received his Academy Award in 1972. By 1977, he had difficulty communicating, and was using a wheelchair. Chaplin died in his sleep in Vevey, Switzerland on Christmas Day 1977.Chaplin was interred in Corsier-Sur-Vevey Cemetery, Switzerland. On 1 March 1978, his corpse was stolen by a small group of Swiss mechanics in an attempt to extort money from his family. The plot failed; the robbers were captured, and the corpse was recovered eleven weeks later near Lake Geneva. His body was reburied under of concrete to prevent further attempts.
Filmmaking techniques
Chaplin never spoke more than cursorily about his filmmaking methods, claiming such a thing would be tantamount to a magician spoiling his own illusion. In fact, until he began making spoken dialogue films with The Great Dictator in 1940, Chaplin never shot from a completed script. The method he developed, once his Essanay contract gave him the freedom to write for and direct himself, was to start from a vague premise—for example "Charlie enters a health spa" or "Charlie works in a pawn shop." Chaplin then had sets constructed and worked with his stock company to improvise gags and "business" around them, almost always working the ideas out on film. As ideas were accepted and discarded, a narrative structure would emerge, frequently requiring Chaplin to reshoot an already-completed scene that might have otherwise contradicted the story. Chaplin's unique filmmaking techniques became known only after his death, when his rare surviving outtakes and cut sequences were carefully examined in the 1983 British documentary Unknown Chaplin.This is one reason why Chaplin took so much longer to complete his films than his rivals did. In addition, Chaplin was an incredibly exacting director, showing his actors exactly how he wanted them to perform and shooting scores of takes until he had the shot he wanted. Animator Chuck Jones, who lived near Charlie Chaplin's Lone Star studio as a boy, remembered his father saying he watched Chaplin shoot a scene more than a hundred times until he was satisfied with it. This combination of story improvisation and relentless perfectionism—which resulted in days of effort and thousands of feet of film being wasted, all at enormous expense—often proved very taxing for Chaplin, who in frustration would often lash out at his actors and crew, keep them waiting idly for hours or, in extreme cases, shutting down production altogether.
Comparison with other silent comics
Since the 1960s, Chaplin's films have been compared to those of Buster Keaton and Harold Lloyd (the other two great silent film comedians of the time), especially among the loyal fans of each comic.The three had different styles: Chaplin had a strong affinity for sentimentality and pathos (which was popular in the 1920s), Lloyd was renowned for his everyman persona and 1920s optimism, and Keaton adhered to onscreen stoicism with a cynical tone more suited to modern audiences.
Commercially, Chaplin made some of the highest-grossing films in the silent era; The Gold Rush is the fifth with US$4.25 million and The Circus is the seventh with US$3.8 million. However, Chaplin's films combined made about US$10.5 million while Harold Lloyd's grossed US$15.7 million. Lloyd was far more prolific, releasing twelve feature films in the 1920s while Chaplin released just three. Buster Keaton's films were not nearly as commercially successful as Chaplin's or Lloyd's even at the height of his popularity, and only received belated critical acclaim in the late 1950s and 1960s.
There is evidence that Chaplin and Keaton, who both got their start in vaudeville, thought highly of one another: Keaton stated in his autobiography that Chaplin was the greatest comedian that ever lived, and the greatest comedy director, whereas Chaplin welcomed Keaton to United Artists in 1925, advised him against his disastrous move to MGM in 1928, and for his last American film, Limelight, wrote a part specifically for Keaton as his first on-screen comedy partner since 1915.
Composer and songwriter
Chaplin wrote or co-wrote the scores and songs for many of his films. "Smile", which he composed for his film, Modern Times, hit number 2 on the UK charts when sung by Nat King Cole in the 1950s. It was also Michael Jackson's favourite song. "This Is My Song", written and composed by Chaplin for his film, A Countess from Hong Kong, hit number 1 on the UK charts when sung by Petula Clark in the 1960s. In 1973, Chaplin won the Oscar for Best Film Score for his film, Limelight. Chaplin was not the only member of his family with musical talent; his nephew, Spencer Dryden was the drummer for the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame inducted band, Jefferson Airplane.
Politics
Chaplin's political sympathies always lay with the left. His silent films made prior to the Great Depression typically did not contain overt political themes or messages, apart from the Tramp's plight in poverty and his run-ins with the law, but his 1930s films were more openly political. Modern Times depicts workers and poor people in dismal conditions. The final dramatic speech in The Great Dictator, which was critical of following patriotic nationalism without question, and his vocal public support for the opening of a second European front in 1942 to assist the Soviet Union in World War II were controversial.Chaplin declined to support the war effort as he had done for World War I which led to public anger, although his two sons saw service in the Army in Europe. For most of World War II he was fighting serious criminal and civil charges related to his involvement with actress Joan Barry (see below). After the war, his 1947 black comedy, Monsieur Verdoux showed a critical view of capitalism. Chaplin's final American film, Limelight, was less political and more autobiographical in nature. His following European-made film, A King in New York (1957), satirised the political persecution and paranoia that had forced him to leave the U.S. five years earlier.
On religion, Chaplin wrote in his autobiography, “In Philadelphia, I inadvertently came upon an edition of Robert Ingersoll's Essays and Lectures. This was an exciting discovery; his atheism confirmed my own belief that the horrific cruelty of the Old Testament was degrading to the human spirit.”
Other controversies
During World War I, Chaplin was criticised in the British press for not joining the Army. He had in fact presented himself for service, but was denied for being too small at 5'5" and underweight. Chaplin raised substantial funds for the war effort during war bond drives not only with public speaking at rallies but also by making, at his own expense, The Bond, a comedic propaganda film used in 1918. The lingering controversy may have prevented Chaplin from receiving a knighthood in the 1930s. A 1916 propaganda short film Zepped with Chaplin was discovered in 2009.For Chaplin's entire career, some level of controversy existed over claims of Jewish ancestry. Nazi propaganda in the 1930s and 40s prominently portrayed him as Jewish (named Karl Tonstein) relying on articles published in the U.S. press before, and FBI investigations of Chaplin in the late 1940s also focused on Chaplin's ethnic origins. There is no documentary evidence of Jewish ancestry for Chaplin himself. For his entire public life, he fiercely refused to challenge or refute claims that he was Jewish, saying that to do so would always "play directly into the hands of anti-Semites." Although baptised in the Church of England, Chaplin was thought to be an agnostic for most of his life.
Chaplin's lifelong attraction to younger women remains another enduring source of interest to some. His biographers have attributed this to a teenage infatuation with Hetty Kelly, whom he met in Britain while performing in the music hall, and which possibly defined his feminine ideal. Chaplin clearly relished the role of discovering and closely guiding young female stars; with the exception of Mildred Harris, all of his marriages and most of his major relationships began in this manner.
Personal life and family
Chaplin's mother died in 1928 in Glendale, California, seven years after she was brought to the U.S. by her sons. Unknown to Charlie and Sydney until years later, they had a half-brother through their mother. The boy, Wheeler Dryden (1892–1957), was raised abroad by his father but later connected with the rest of the family and went to work for Chaplin at his Hollywood studio.The South African duo Locnville, Andrew and Brian Chaplin, are related to Chaplin (their grandfather was Chaplin's first cousin).
Relationships
Hetty Kelly was Chaplin's first love, a dancer with whom he fell in love when she was fifteen and almost married when he was nineteen, in 1908. It is said Chaplin fell madly in love with her and asked her to marry him. When she refused, Chaplin suggested it would be best if they did not see each other again; he was reportedly crushed when she agreed. Years later, her memory would remain an obsession with Chaplin. He was devastated in 1921 when he learned that she had died of influenza during the 1918 flu pandemic.
Children
| ! Child | ! Birth | ! Death | ! Chaplin's Age at Time of Birth | ! Mother | ! Grandchildren |
| Norman Spencer Chaplin | 7 July 1919 | 10 July 1919 | |
Mildred Harris | |
| 5 May 1925 | 20 March 1968 | |
Susan Maree Chaplin (b 1959) | ||
| 31 March 1926 | 3 March 2009 | |
Stephan Chaplin (b 19xx) | ||
| Carol Ann Barry Chaplin (Disputed) | 2 October 1943 | |
Unknown | ||
| 31 July 1944 | |
Shane Saura Chaplin (b 1974) Oona Castilla Chaplin (b 1986) | |||
| 7 March 1946 | |
Kathleen Chaplin (b. 1975) Dolores Chaplin (b. 1979) Carmen Chaplin (b 19xx) George Chaplin (b 19xx) | |||
| 28 March 1949 | |
Julien Ronet (b. 1980) | |||
| Victoria Chaplin | 19 May 1951 | |
Aurélia Thiérrée (b. 1971) James Thiérrée (b. 1974) | ||
| 23 August 1953 | |
Kiera Chaplin (b. 1982) | |||
| Jane Cecil Chaplin | 23 May 1957 | |
|||
| Annette Emily Chaplin | 3 December 1959 | |
Orson Salkind (b. 1986) Osceola Salkind (b. 1994) | ||
| 6 July 1962 | |
Awards and recognition
Chaplin was knighted in 1975 at the age of 85 as a Knight Commander of the British Empire (KBE) by Queen Elizabeth II. The honour had been first proposed in 1931. Knighthood was suggested again in 1956, but was vetoed after a Foreign Office report raised concerns over Chaplin's purported "communist" views and his moral behaviour in marrying two 16 year girls; it was felt that honouring him would damage both the reputation of the British honours system and relations with the United States.
Among other recognitions, Chaplin was given a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 1970; that he had not been among those originally honoured in 1961 caused some controversy. Chaplin's Swiss mansion is to be opened as a museum tracing his life from the music halls in London to Hollywood fame.
A statue of Charlie Chaplin was made by John Doubleday, to stand in Leicester Square in London. It was unveiled by Sir Ralph Richardson in 1981. A bronze statue of him is at Waterville, County Kerry.
Academy Awards
Chaplin received three Academy Awards in his lifetime: one for Best Original Score, and two Honorary Awards. However, during his active years as a filmmaker, Chaplin expressed disdain for the Academy Awards; his son Charles Jr wrote that Chaplin invoked the ire of the Academy in the 1930s by jokingly using his 1929 Oscar as a doorstop. This may help explain why City Lights and Modern Times, considered by several polls to be two of the greatest of all motion pictures, were not nominated for a single Academy Award.The 1st Academy Awards ceremony: When the first Oscars were awarded on 16 May 1929, the voting audit procedures that now exists had not yet been put into place, and the categories were still very fluid. Chaplin's The Circus was set to be heavily recognised, as Chaplin had originally been nominated for Best Production, Best Director in a Comedy Picture, Best Actor and Best Writing (Original Story). However, the Academy decided to withdraw his name from all the competitive categories and instead give him a Special Award "for versatility and genius in acting, writing, directing and producing The Circus". The only other film to receive a Special Award that year was The Jazz Singer.
Legacy
Chaplin's "tramp" character is possibly the most imitated on all levels of entertainment. Chaplin once entered a "Chaplin look-alike" competition and didn't even make the final round. The influence of his 'Tramp' character could be seen on other artists and media providers. Beginning early on there were many tributes, and parodies made. Early examples include; E. C. Segar's 1916 comic strip "Charlie Chaplin's Comedy Capers". Segar would later become famous for his character Popeye, and his 'Chaplin' comics would later be collected in 1917 into five books, precursors of the later comic book format. Two different animated cartoon series also starred 'Charlie' a tramp character, the first a series of nine shorts from 1916 by Movca Film Service. And later ten films by the Pat Sullivan Studio from 1918–1919, which would later use the 'Charlie/Charley' gestures to create Felix the Cat, the character made one later appearance in one of Felix's 1923 cartoons "Felix in Hollywood". From 1917 to 1918, silent film actor Billy West made more than 20 films as a comedian precisely imitating Chaplin's tramp character, makeup and costume.
Filmography and current rights issues
Chaplin wrote, directed, and starred in dozens of feature films and short subjects. Highlights include The Immigrant (1917), The Gold Rush (1925), City Lights (1931), Modern Times (1936), and The Great Dictator (1940), all of which have been selected for inclusion in the National Film Registry. Three of these films made the AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies and AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies (10th Anniversary Edition) lists: The Gold Rush, City Lights, and Modern Times.A listing of the dozens of Chaplin films and alternate versions can be found in the Ted Okuda-David Maska book Charlie Chaplin at Keystone and Essanay: Dawn of the Tramp. Thanks to The Chaplin Keystone Project, efforts to produce definitive versions of Chaplin's pre-1918 short films have come to a successful end: after ten years of research and clinical international cooperation work, 34 Keystone films have been fully restored and published in October 2010 on a 4-DVD box set. All twelve Mutual films were restored in 1975 by archivist David Shepard and Blackhawk Films, and new restorations with even more footage were released on DVD in 2006.
Today, nearly all of Chaplin's output is owned by Roy Export S.A.S. in Paris, which enforces the library's copyrights and decides how and when this material can be released. French company MK2 acts as worldwide distribution agent for the Export company. In the U.S. as of 2010, distribution is handled under license by Janus Films, with home video releases from Criterion Collection, affiliated with Janus.
See also
References
Further reading
External links
Category:1889 births Category:1977 deaths Category:19th-century English people Category:Academy Honorary Award recipients Category:Actors awarded British knighthoods Category:Actors from London Category:Articles containing video clips Category:Autobiographers Category:Best Original Music Score Academy Award winners Category:British expatriates in the United States Category:British Romani people Category:Cinema pioneers Category:English agnostics Category:English child actors Category:English comedians Category:English expatriates in Switzerland Category:English film actors Category:English film directors Category:English screenwriters Category:English silent film actors Category:English socialists Category:Erasmus Prize winners Category:Knights Commander of the Order of the British Empire Category:McCarthyism Category:Mimes Category:Music hall performers Category:Romani actors Category:Romani film directors Category:Short film directors Category:Silent film comedians Category:Slapstick comedians Category:Vaudeville performers Category:Children of Entertainers
kbd:Чарли Чаплин af:Charlie Chaplin ar:تشارلي تشابلن an:Charles Chaplin ast:Charles Chaplin az:Çarli Çaplin bn:চার্লি চ্যাপলিন zh-min-nan:Charlie Chaplin ba:Чарли Чаплин be:Чарлі Чаплін be-x-old:Чарлі Чаплін bar:Charlie Chaplin bs:Charlie Chaplin br:Charlie Chaplin bg:Чарли Чаплин ca:Charles Chaplin cv:Чарли Чаплин cs:Charlie Chaplin cy:Charles Chaplin da:Charlie Chaplin de:Charles Chaplin et:Charlie Chaplin el:Τσάρλι Τσάπλιν es:Charles Chaplin eo:Charlie Chaplin ext:Charles Chaplin eu:Charlie Chaplin fa:چارلی چاپلین hif:Charlie Chaplin fo:Charlie Chaplin fr:Charlie Chaplin fy:Charlie Chaplin ga:Charlie Chaplin gd:Charlie Chaplin gl:Charlie Chaplin gu:ચાર્લી ચૅપ્લિન ko:찰리 채플린 hy:Չարլի Չապլին hi:चार्ली चैप्लिन hr:Charles Chaplin io:Charlie Chaplin bpy:চার্লি চ্যাপলিন id:Charlie Chaplin ia:Charlie Chaplin is:Charlie Chaplin it:Charlie Chaplin he:צ'ארלי צ'פלין jv:Charlie Chaplin kn:ಚಾರ್ಲಿ ಚಾಪ್ಲಿನ್ pam:Charlie Chaplin ka:ჩარლზ ჩაპლინი kk:Чаплин, Чарли kw:Charlie Chaplin sw:Charlie Chaplin ht:Charlie Chaplin krc:Чарли Чаплин la:Carolus Chaplin lv:Čārlijs Čaplins lb:Charlie Chaplin lt:Charlie Chaplin li:Charlie Chaplin lmo:Charlie Chaplin hu:Charles Chaplin mk:Чарли Чаплин ml:ചാര്ളി ചാപ്ലിന് mr:चार्ली चॅप्लिन arz:تشارلى تشابلين ms:Charlie Chaplin mn:Чарльз Спенсер Чаплин my:ချက်ပလင်၊ ချာလီ nah:Charles Chaplin mrj:Чаплин, Чарльз nl:Charlie Chaplin new:चार्ली च्याप्लिन ja:チャールズ・チャップリン nap:Charlie Chaplin no:Charlie Chaplin nn:Charlie Chaplin nov:Charlie Chaplin oc:Charlie Chaplin uz:Charlie Chaplin pnb:چارلی چپلن pap:Charlie Chaplin pfl:Dscharlie Dschäblin pms:Charlie Chaplin nds:Charlie Chaplin pl:Charlie Chaplin pnt:Τσάρλι Τσάπλιν pt:Charlie Chaplin kaa:Charlie Chaplin ksh:Charlie Chaplin ro:Charlie Chaplin qu:Charlie Chaplin rue:Чарлі Чаплін ru:Чаплин, Чарльз sah:Чарли Чаплин sc:Charlie Chaplin sq:Charlie Chaplin scn:Charlie Chaplin simple:Charlie Chaplin sk:Charlie Chaplin sl:Charlie Chaplin szl:Charlie Chaplin so:Charlie Chaplin ckb:چارڵی چاپلن srn:Charlie Chaplin sr:Чарли Чаплин sh:Charlie Chaplin fi:Charles Chaplin sv:Charlie Chaplin tl:Charlie Chaplin ta:சார்லி சாப்ளின் roa-tara:Charlie Chaplin tt:Чарльз Чаплин te:చార్లీ చాప్లిన్ th:ชาร์ลี แชปลิน tg:Чарли Чаплин tr:Charlie Chaplin uk:Чарлі Чаплін ur:چارلی چیپلن vec:Charlie Chaplin vi:Charlie Chaplin vo:Charlie Chaplin war:Charlie Chaplin yi:טשארלי טשאפלין zh-yue:差利 bat-smg:Charlie Chaplin zh:查理·卓别林This text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
| name | Jerry Lynch |
|---|---|
| position | Left fielder |
| birth date | July 17, 1930 |
| birth place | Munger, Michigan |
| bats | Left |
| throws | Right |
| debutdate | April 15 |
| debutyear | 1954 |
| debutteam | Pittsburgh Pirates |
| finaldate | October 2 |
| finalyear | 1966 |
| finalteam | Pittsburgh Pirates |
| stat1label | Batting average |
| stat1value | .277 |
| stat2label | Home runs |
| stat2value | 115 |
| stat3label | Runs batted in |
| stat3value | 470 |
| stat4label | Hits |
| stat4value | 798 |
| teams | |
| Highlights |
He helped the Reds win the 1961 National League Pennant. On September 26, 1961 Lynch propelled the Cincinnati Reds into the World Series with his two run home run off of Cubs pitcher Bob Anderson scoring Vada Pinson. He finished 22nd in voting for the 1961 NL MVP for playing in 96 games and having 181 At Bats, 33 Runs, 57 Hits, 13 Doubles, 2 Triples, 13 Home Runs, 50 RBI, 2 Stolen Bases, 27 Walks, .315 Batting Average, .407 On-base percentage, .624 Slugging Percentage, 113 Total Bases, 1 Sacrifice Hit and 6 Intentional Walks. He was hitless in three at bats and four plate appearances during the 1961 World Series.
Lynch is considered one of baseball best pinch hitters of all time. He smacked out 116 hits during his career, which ranks him 10th in the all time list. Lynch is third on the all time pinch hit home run list (he was first when he retired) with 18 with 5 of those coming during the 1961 season while driving in 25 runs.
Lynch was once quoted as saying, "The good pinch-hitter is the guy who can relax enough to get the pitch he can hit. You almost always do get one pitch to hit every time you bat. So you have to have the patience to wait. And then you've got to be able to handle the pitch when you get it."
In 13 seasons he played in 1,184 Games and had 2,879 At Bats, 364 Runs, 798 Hits, 123 Doubles, 34 Triples, 115 Home Runs, 470 RBI, 12 Stolen Bases, 224 Walks, .277 Batting Average, .329 On-base percentage, .463 Slugging Percentage, 1,334 Total Bases, 8 Sacrifice Hits, 25 Sacrifice Flies and 29 Intentional Walks.
References
External links
Category:1930 births Category:Major League Baseball outfielders Category:Baseball players from Michigan Category:Cincinnati Reds players Category:Pittsburgh Pirates players Category:Águilas Cibaeñas players Category:Living people Category:Greenville Bucks players Category:Norfolk Tars playersThis text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
| name | W. C. Fields |
|---|---|
| birth name | William Claude Dukenfield |
| birth date | January 29, 1880 |
| birth place | Darby, Pennsylvania, U.S. |
| death date | December 25, 1946 |
| death place | Pasadena, California, U.S. |
| resting place | Forest Lawn Memorial Park, Glendale, California |
| occupation | Actor, comedian, juggler, writer |
| years active | 1902–1946 |
| other names | Charles BogleOtis CriblecobbleMahatma Kane Jeeves"Uncle Claude" |
| spouse | (his death) 1 child Bessie Poole (girlfriend) 1 child Carlotta Monti (girlfriend) |
| children | William Claude Fields, Jr. William Morris (illegitimate)
}} |
William Claude Dukenfield (January 29, 1880 – December 25, 1946), better known as W. C. Fields, was an American comedian, actor, juggler and writer. Fields was known for his comic persona as a misanthropic and hard-drinking egotist who remained a sympathetic character despite his snarling contempt for dogs, children and women.
The characterization he portrayed in films and on radio was so strong it became generally identified with Fields himself. It was maintained by the movie-studio publicity departments at Fields's studios (Paramount and Universal) and further established by Robert Lewis Taylor's 1949 biography W.C. Fields, His Follies and Fortunes. Beginning in 1973, with the publication of Fields's letters, photos, and personal notes in grandson Ronald Fields's book W.C. Fields by Himself, it has been shown that Fields was married (and subsequently estranged from his wife), and he financially supported their son and loved his grandchildren.
However, Madge Evans, a friend and actress, told a visitor in 1972 that Fields so deeply resented intrusions on his privacy by curious tourists walking up the driveway to his Los Angeles home that he would hide in the shrubs by his house and fire BB pellets at the trespassers' legs. Several years later Groucho Marx told a similar story on his live performance album, An Evening with Groucho.
Biography
Early years
Fields was born William Claude Dukenfield in Darby, Pennsylvania. His father, James L. Dukenfield, was from an English-Irish Catholic family that emigrated to America from Sheffield, England in 1854. James Dukenfield served in Company M of the 72nd Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment in the American Civil War and was wounded in 1863. Fields's mother, Kate Spangler Felton, 15 years younger than her husband, was a Protestant of German ancestry. The 1876 Philadelphia City Directory lists James Dukenfield as a clerk. After marrying, he worked as an independent produce merchant and a part-time hotel-keeper.Claude Dukenfield (as he was known) worked at the Strawbridge and Clothier department store and in an oyster house, before he left home at age 18 (not 11, as many biographies have said). At age 15, he had begun performing a juggling act at church and theater shows, and entered vaudeville as a "tramp juggler" using the name W. C. Fields. He soon was traveling as 'The Eccentric Juggler', and included amusing asides and increasing amounts of comedy into his act, becoming a headliner in North America and Europe. In 1906 he made his Broadway debut in a musical comedy, The Ham Tree.
Fields embellished stories of his youth, but his home seems to have been a reasonably happy one. His family supported his ambitions for the stage, and saw him off on the train for his first stage tour. His father visited him for two months in England, when Fields was performing there in music halls.
Fields was known among his friends as "Bill". Edgar Bergen also called him Bill in the radio shows (while Charlie McCarthy called him many names). Fields played himself in Never Give a Sucker an Even Break, and his 'niece' called him "Uncle Bill". In one scene he introduced himself: "I'm W.C., uh, Bill Fields." When he was portrayed in films as having a son, he often named the character "Claude", after his own son. He was sometimes billed in England as "Wm. C. Fields", due to "W.C." being the British slang for a water closet. His public use of initials was a commonplace formality of the era in which he grew up. "W.C. Fields" also fit more easily onto a marquee than "W.C. Dukenfield".
Personal life
Fields married a fellow vaudevillian, chorus girl Harriet "Hattie" Hughes, on April 8, 1900. Their son, William Claude Fields, Jr., was born on July 28, 1904. Although Fields was "an avowed atheist [who] regarded all religions with the suspicion of a seasoned con man", he yielded to Hattie's wish to have their son baptized.At the time Fields was away from Hattie on tour in England. By 1907, however, he and Hattie had separated; she had been pressing him to stop touring and settle down to a respectable trade, while he was unwilling to give up his own livelihood. Until his death, Fields continued to correspond with Hattie and voluntarily sent child-support payments.
He had another son, born on August 15, 1917, with girlfriend Bessie Poole, named William Rexford Fields Morris. Bessie was an established Ziegfeld Follies performer and met Fields while performing in New York City at the famous Amsterdam Theater. Her beauty and quick wit attracted Fields, who was the featured act from 1916 until 1922. She was killed in a bar fight several years later, leaving their son to be raised in foster care, where he acquired the surname Morris by his foster-mother. Fields sent voluntary support to young Bill in care of his foster mother until he graduated from high school, when he sent $300 as a gift.
Fields lived with Carlotta Monti (1907–1993) after they met in 1932, and they began a relationship that lasted until his death in 1946. Monti had small roles in a couple of Fields' films, and in 1971 wrote a biography, Fields and Me", which was made into a motion picture at Universal Studios in 1976.
Fields and alcohol
Fields's screen character was often fond of alcohol, and this trait has become part of the Fields legend. In his younger days as a juggler, Fields himself never drank, because he didn't want to impair his functions while performing. The loneliness of his constant touring and traveling, however, compelled Fields to keep liquor on hand for fellow performers, so he could invite them to his dressing room for companionship and cocktails. Only then did Fields cultivate a fondness for alcohol.Fields expressed his feelings to Gloria Jean (playing his niece) in Never Give a Sucker an Even Break: "I was in love with a beautiful blonde once, dear. She drove me to drink. That's the one thing I am indebted to her for." Equally memorable was a line in the 1940 film My Little Chickadee: "Once, in the wilds of Afghanistan, I lost my corkscrew...and we were forced to live on nothing but food and water for days!" The oft-repeated anecdote that Fields once claimed he never drank water "because fish fornicate in it" is unsubstantiated.
On movie sets, Fields kept handy a vacuum flask of mixed martinis, which he referred to as his "pineapple juice". While filming Tales of Manhattan, a prankster switched the contents of the flask, filling it with actual pineapple juice. Upon discovering the prank, Fields was heard to yell, "Who put pineapple juice in my pineapple juice?!"
In 1936 Fields became gravely ill, his health worsened by his heavy drinking. Fields's film series came to a halt while he recovered; he made one last film for Paramount, The Big Broadcast of 1938. The comedian's troublesome behavior kept other producers away, and Fields was professionally idle until he made his debut on radio. By then Fields was very sick and suffering from delirium tremens.
On stage
Vaudeville
Fields started as a juggler in vaudeville, appearing in the makeup of a genteel "tramp" with a scruffy beard and shabby tuxedo. He juggled cigar boxes, hats, and a variety of other objects in what appears to have been a unique and fresh act, parts of which are reproduced in some of his films. Fields confined his act to pantomime so that he could play international theaters. Fields toured several continents and became a world-class juggler and an international star. He worked bits of juggling into many of his films. A good portion of his act is contained in The Old Fashioned Way.
Broadway
Back in America, Fields found that he could get more laughs by adding dialogue to his routines. His trademark mumbling patter and sarcastic asides were developed during this time. (According to the A&E; Biography program about Fields (1994), when he was young his mother would sit with him on the front steps and mumble comments about the passersby.)He soon starred on Broadway in Florenz Ziegfeld's Ziegfeld Follies revues. There he delighted audiences with a wild pool skit, complete with bizarrely shaped cues and a custom-built table used for a number of hilarious gags and surprising trick shots. His pool game is reproduced, at least in part, in some of his films, notably in Six of a Kind (1934).
He starred in multiple editions of the Follies and in the Broadway musical comedy Poppy, where he perfected his persona as a colorful small-time confidence man.
Films
Silent era
Fields starred in a couple of short comedies, filmed in New York in 1915. His stage commitments prevented him from doing more movie work until 1924. He reprised his Poppy role in a silent-film adaptation, retitled Sally of the Sawdust (1925) and directed by D.W. Griffith. Following this, he starred in It's The Old Army Game (1926) which featured his friend Louise Brooks, later to become a screen legend for her role in G.W. Pabst's Pandora's Box in Germany. The film included a silent version of the porch sequence which would one day be expanded in the sound film It's a Gift (1934). Fields wore a scruffy-looking, clip-on mustache in virtually all of his silent films, discarding it only after his first sound feature film, Her Majesty Love, his only Warner Brothers production.
At Paramount
Fields made four short subjects for comedy pioneer Mack Sennett in 1932 and 1933, distributed through Paramount Pictures. During this period, Paramount began featuring Fields in full-length comedies, and by 1934 he was a major movie star. It was for one of the films of this period (International House) that outtakes of one scene (Fields, and two other actors) allegedly recorded the only moving image record of the 1933 Long Beach earthquake. This footage was later revealed to have been faked as a publicity stunt for the movie.He often contributed to the scripts of his films, under unusual pseudonyms such as the seemingly prosaic "Charles Bogle", which appeared on most of his films in the 1930s; "Otis Criblecoblis", which contains an embedded homophone for "scribble"; and "Mahatma Kane Jeeves", a play on mahatma and on a phrase an aristocrat might use when about to leave the house: "My hat, my cane, Jeeves". In features such as It's a Gift and Man on the Flying Trapeze, he is reported to have written or improvised more or less all of his own dialogue and material, leaving story structure to other writers.
In his films, he often played hustlers such as carnival barkers and card sharps, spinning yarns and distracting his marks. He had an affection for unlikely names and many of his characters bore them. Some examples are:
The carnival fraud was not the only character Fields played. He was also fond of casting himself as the victim: a hapless householder constantly under the thumb of his shrewish wife and/or mother-in-law. His 1934 classic It's a Gift included his stage sketch of trying to escape his nagging family by sleeping on the back porch, and being bedeviled by noisy neighbors and traveling salesmen. That film, along with films such as You're Telling Me! and Man on the Flying Trapeze, ended happily with a windfall profit that restored his standing in his screen families.
Although lacking formal education, he was well read and a lifelong admirer of author Charles Dickens, whose characters' unusual names inspired Fields to do likewise for his various characters. He achieved one of his career ambitions by playing the character Mr. Micawber, in MGM's David Copperfield in 1935. In 1936, Fields re-created his signature stage role in Poppy for Paramount Pictures.
Supporting players
Fields had a small cadre of supporting players that he employed in several films:
At Universal
Fields's renewed popularity from his radio broadcasts with Bergen & McCarthy earned him a contract with Universal Pictures in 1939. His first feature for Universal, You Can't Cheat an Honest Man, carried on the Fields-McCarthy rivalry. In 1940 Fields made My Little Chickadee, with Mae West, and The Bank Dick, perhaps his best-known film, in which he has the following exchange with bartender Shemp Howard: :Fields: "Was I in here last night, and did I spend a $20 bill?" :Shemp: "Yeah." :Fields: "Oh boy, what a load that is off my mind... I thought I'd lost it!"Fields often fought with studio producers, directors, and writers over the content of his films. He was determined to make a movie his way, with his own script and staging and his own choice of supporting players. Universal finally gave him the chance, and the resulting film, Never Give a Sucker an Even Break, (1941) is a masterpiece of absurd humor in which Fields appeared as himself, "The Great Man". Universal's singing star Gloria Jean played opposite Fields, and his old cronies Leon Errol and Franklin Pangborn served as his comic foils. But the film Fields delivered was so surreal Universal recut and reshot parts of it and then quietly released both the film and Fields.
Sucker turned out to be his last starring film. By then he was much heavier and less mobile than he had been at the peak of his film career during 1934–1935, when he was reasonably fit and trim.
Fields completed a scene for the 20th Century Fox film Tales of Manhattan, (1942) in which he played an eccentric professor hired by Margaret Dumont to give a temperance lecture to a gathering of high society swells. This scene was cut from the film before release, supposedly due to running time. It was discovered in the vaults at Fox in the mid 1990s and was included in the video and DVD releases of the movie.
On radio
While Fields was inactive in films due to extended illness, he recorded a short speech for a radio broadcast. His familiar, snide drawl registered so well with listeners that he quickly became a popular guest on network radio shows. One of his funniest routines had him trading insults with Edgar Bergen's dummy Charlie McCarthy on The Chase and Sanborn Hour.Fields would twit Charlie about his being made of wood: :Fields: "Tell me, Charles, is it true your father was a gate-leg table?" :McCarthy: "If it is, your father was under it!"
When Fields would refer to McCarthy as a "woodpecker's pin-up boy" or a "termite's flophouse," Charlie would fire back at Fields about his drinking: :McCarthy: "Is it true, Mr. Fields, that when you stood on the corner of Hollywood and Vine, 43 cars waited for your nose to change to green?"
:Bergen: "Why, Bill, I thought you didn't like children." :Fields: "Oh, not at all, Edgar, I love children. I can remember when, with my own little unsteady legs, I toddled from room to room." :McCarthy: "When was that, last night?"
Thanks to radio, Fields reached an even wider audience than before, and he was soon in demand for films again.
Final years
Fields occasionally entertained guests at his home. Generally, Fields fraternized with other actors, directors, and writers who shared his fondness for good company and good liquor. John Barrymore, Gregory La Cava, and Gene Fowler were a few of his intimates. Anthony Quinn and his wife Katherine DeMille (daughter of Hollywood director Cecil B. DeMille) were visiting Fields one afternoon when the Quinns' two-year-old son, Christopher, drowned in Fields’s lily pond. Fields was greatly distraught by this incident, and brooded about it for months.In the 1994 Biography TV show, his 1941 co-star Gloria Jean described how she would visit his house from time to time, and they would talk. Gloria Jean found Fields to be kind and gentle in real life, and believed that Fields yearned for the kind of family he lacked when he was a child. The show also reported that Fields eventually reconciled with his long estranged wife and son, and enjoyed playing with his grandchildren.
With a presidential election looming in 1940, Fields toyed with the idea of lampooning political campaign speeches. He wrote to vice-presidential candidate Henry A. Wallace, intending to glean comedy material from Wallace’s speeches, but when Wallace responded with a warm, personal fan letter to Fields, the comedian decided against skewering Wallace. Instead, Fields wrote a book entitled Fields for President, humorous essays in the form of a campaign speech. Dodd, Mead and Company published it in 1940 but declined to reprint it at the time. It did not sell well, mostly because people were confused as to whether it was meant to be taken seriously. Dodd, Mead and Company reprinted it in 1971 when Fields was seen as an anti-establishment figure. The 1940 edition includes illustrations by Otto Soglow; the 1971 reprint is illustrated with photographs of Fields.
Fields's film career slowed down considerably in the 1940s. His illnesses confined him to brief guest-star appearances in other people's films. An extended sequence in 20th Century Fox's Tales of Manhattan (1942) was cut from the original release of the film; it was later reinstated for some home video releases. He performed his famous billiard-table routine one more time on camera, for Follow the Boys, an all-star entertainment revue for the Armed Forces. (Despite the charitable nature of the movie, Fields was paid $15,000 for his appearance, and he was never able to perform in person for the armed services.) In Song Of The Open Road (1944) Fields juggled for a few moments, remarking, "This used to be my racket". His last film, the musical revue Sensations of 1945, was released in late 1944.
He also guested occasionally on radio as late as 1946, often with Edgar Bergen, and just before his death that same year he recorded a spoken-word album, delivering his comic "Temperance Lecture" and "The Day I Drank A Glass Of Water" at Les Paul's studio, in which Paul had just installed his new multi-track recorder. The session was arranged by Paul's old Army pal Bill Morrow, a friend he had in common with Fields. Fields's vision had deteriorated so much that he read his lines from large-print cue cards. It was W. C. Fields's last performance.
Fields spent his last weeks in a hospital, where a friend stopped by for a visit and caught Fields reading the Bible. When asked why, Fields replied, "I'm checking for loopholes." Fields died in 1946 (from an alcohol-related stomach hemorrhage) on the holiday he claimed to despise: Christmas Day. As documented in W.C. Fields and Me (the memoir of Carlotta Monti, published in 1971 and made into a 1976 film of the same name starring Rod Steiger), he died at Las Encinas Sanatorium, Pasadena, California, a bungalow-type sanitarium where, as he lay in bed dying, his longtime and final love, Carlotta Monti, went outside and turned the hose onto the roof, so as to allow Fields to hear for one last time his favorite sound—the sound of falling rain. According to the documentary W.C. Fields Straight Up, his death occurred in this way: he winked and smiled at a nurse, put a finger to his lips, and died. Fields was 66, and had been a patient for 22 months. His funeral took place on January 2, 1947, in Glendale, CA.
Fields was cremated and his ashes interred in the Forest Lawn Memorial Park Cemetery, in Glendale, California. There have been stories that he wanted his grave marker to read either "On the whole, I would rather be in Philadelphia", his home town, or "All in all, I would rather be in Philadelphia", both of which are similar to a line he used in My Little Chickadee: "I'd like to see Paris before I die...Philadelphia would do!" In the same film, he made a point of referencing "Philadelphia cream cheese"; whether he knew of the actual J. L. Kraft Foods product is unknown. Given his fondness for words, maybe he just liked the sound of his own home town's name. This rumor has also morphed into "I would rather be here than in Philadelphia". The anecdote that Fields often remarked, "Philadelphia, wonderful town, spent a week there one night" is unsubstantiated. It is also said that Fields wanted "I'd rather be in Philadelphia" on his gravestone because of the old vaudeville joke among comedians, "I would rather be dead than play Philadelphia". Whatever his actual wishes might have been, the interment marker for his ashes merely bears his stage name and the years of his birth and his death. The genesis of the line as originally phrased can be found in a 1925 article in Vanity Fair entitled "A Group of Artists Write Their Own Epitaphs." The mock-epitaph for Fields reads "Here Lies / W.C. Fields / I Would Rather Be Living in Philadelphia." (Lines 1 and 3 are in small caps in the original) [The article is reprinted in VANITY FAIR: Selections from America's Most Memorable Magazine, edited by Cleveland Amory and Frederic Bradlee, pages 102–103. Viking Press, 1960]
Unrealized film projects
W. C. Fields was the original choice for the title role in the 1939 version of The Wizard of Oz. One rumor was that he believed the role was too small. Another alleged that he was asking too much money: his asking price was $100,000, while MGM offered $75,000. However, his agent asserted that Fields rejected the role because he wanted to devote his time to writing You Can't Cheat an Honest Man.Fields also figured in an Orson Welles project. Welles's bosses at RKO Radio Pictures, after losing money on Citizen Kane, urged Welles to choose as his next film a subject with more commercial appeal. Welles considered an adaptation of Charles Dickens's The Pickwick Papers which would have starred Fields and John Barrymore, but Fields's schedule would not permit it. The project was permanently shelved, and Welles went on to adapt The Magnificent Ambersons.
During the early planning for his film It's a Wonderful Life, director Frank Capra considered Fields for the role of Uncle Billy, which eventually went to Thomas Mitchell.
Influence and legacy
According to Woody Allen (in a New York Times interview from January 30, 2000), W. C. Fields is one of only six "genuine comic geniuses" he recognized as such in movie history, along with Charlie Chaplin, Buster Keaton, Groucho and Harpo Marx, and Peter Sellers.A W.C. Fields commemorative stamp was issued by the United States Postal Service on the occasion of the comedian's 100th birthday in January 1980.
Caricatures and imitations
Fields, with his bulbous red nose (partly as a result of rosacea, although his parents also had bulbous noses), rotund body and nasal, braying voice, has been imitated for decades in a wide variety of media. A few examples:
In other popular culture
Filmography
Information for this filmography is derived from the book, W. C. Fields: A Life on Film, by Ronald J. Fields. All films are feature length except where noted.
| ! Release date | ! Title | ! Role | ! Director | ! Notes |
| 1915 | (untitled film) | Himself | Ed Wynn | Short film presented as part of the Ziegfeld Follies of 1915; lost film |
| Pool Sharks | The pool shark | Edwin Middleton | One reel; story by W.C. Fields; extant | |
| 1915 October 3 | His Lordship's Dilemma | Remittance man | William Haddock | One reel; extant? (print with French title cards found in 2006) - claim requires additional verification for corroboration - only source now deceased and HIGHLY SUSPECT |
| 1924 October 27 | Janice Meredith | A British sergeant | E. Mason Hopper | extant |
| 1925 August 2 | Sally of the Sawdust | Professor Eustace P. McGargle | D. W. Griffith | extant |
| 1925 December 7 | That Royle Girl | Daisy Royle's father | D. W. Griffith | lost film |
| 1926 May 24 | It's the Old Army Game | Elmer Prettywillie | A. Edward Sutherland | Story by J.P. McEvoy and W.C. Fields; extant |
| 1926 October 26 | So's Your Old Man | Samuel Bisbee | Gregory La Cava | extant |
| 1927 January 31 | The Potters | Pa Potter | Fred C. Newmeyer | lost film |
| 1927 August 20 | Running Wild | Elmer Finch | Gregory La Cava | extant |
| 1927 December 17 | Two Flaming Youths | J. G. "Gabby" Gilfoil | John S. Waters | lost film |
| 1928 March 3 | The Ringmaster | A. Edward Sutherland | extant? - claim requires additional corroboration for verification - only known source of info. now deceased and HIGHLY SUSPECT | |
| 1928 May 7 | Fools for Luck | Richard Whitehead | Charles F. Reisner | extant? - only known source now deceased suggests that he viewed film - HIGHLY SUSPECT |
| 1930 August 22 | The Golf Specialist | J. Effingham Bellwether | Monte Brice | Two reels; story by W.C. Fields (uncredited) |
| 1931 December 26 | Her Majesty, Love | Bela Toerrek | William Dieterle | |
| 1932 July 8 | President of Klopstokia | Edward Cline | ||
| 1932 December 2 | If I Had a Million | Rollo La Rue | Norman Taurog | |
| 1932 December 9 | Himself | Leslie Pearce | Two reels; story by W.C. Fields (uncredited) | |
| 1933 March 3 | Mr. Snavely | Clyde Bruckman | Two reels; story by W.C. Fields (uncredited) | |
| 1933 April 21 | The Pharmacist | Mr. Dilweg | Arthur Ripley | Two reels; story by W.C. Fields (uncredited) |
| 1933 June 2 | Professor Quail | A. Edward Sutherland | ||
| 1933 June 24 | Hip Action | Himself | One reel | |
| 1933 July 28 | The Barber Shop | Cornielius O'Hare | Arthur Ripley | Two reels; story by W.C. Fields (uncredited) |
| 1933 September 8 | Himself | Louis Lewyn | One reel | |
| 1933 October 13 | Tillie and Gus | Augustus Q. Winterbottom | Francis Martin | Fields as contributing writer (uncredited) |
| 1933 December 22 | Humpty Dumpty | |||
| 1934 February 9 | Six of a Kind | Sheriff "Honest John" Hoxley | Leo McCarey | |
| 1934 April 6 | You're Telling Me! | Sam Bisbee | Erle C. Kenton | Fields as contributing writer (uncredited) |
| 1934 April 27 | Himself | Louis Lewyn | One reel | |
| 1934 July 13 | The Great (Marc Antony) McGonigle | William Beaudine | Story by "Charles Bogle" (W.C. Fields) | |
| 1934 October 19 | Mrs. Wiggs of the Cabbage Patch | Mr. C. Ellsworth Stubbins | Norman Taurog | |
| 1934 November 30 | It's a Gift | Harold Bissonette | Original story by "Charles Bogle" (W.C. Fields) | |
| 1935 March 22 | Commodore Orlando Jackson | A. Edward Sutherland | ||
| 1935 July 26 | Man on the Flying Trapeze | Ambrose Wolfinger | Clyde Bruckman | Story by "Charles Bogle" (W.C. Fields) |
| 1935 December 13 | Wilkins Micawber | George Cukor | ||
| 1936 June 19 | Professor Eustace P. McGargle | A. Edward Sutherland | ||
| 1938 February 18 | The Big Broadcast of 1938 | T. Frothingill BellowsS. B. Bellows | Mitchell Leisen | |
| 1939 February 17 | You Can't Cheat an Honest Man | Larson E. Whipsnade | Story by "Charles Bogle" (W.C. Fields) | |
| 1940 February 9 | My Little Chickadee | Cuthbert J. Twillie | Edward Cline | Bar scene written by W.C. Fields |
| 1940 November 29 | The Bank Dick | Egbert Sousè | Edward Cline | Story by "Mahatma Kane Jeeves" (W.C. Fields) |
| 1941 October 10 | Never Give a Sucker an Even Break | The Great Man | Edward Cline | Original story by "Otis Criblecoblis" (W.C. Fields) |
| unreleased | The Laziest Golfer | Himself | (unknown) | Footage shot but never assembled |
| 1942 October 30 | Tales of Manhattan | Himself | Julien Duvivier | Sequence with Fields cut from original release, restored for home video (VHS) |
| 1944 May 5 | Follow the Boys | Himself | A. Edward Sutherland | |
| 1944 June 21 | Song of the Open Road | Himself | S. Sylvan Simon | |
| 1944 June 30 | Sensations of 1945 | Himself | Andrew L. Stone |
Further reading
References
External links
Category:1880 births Category:1946 deaths Category:People from Darby, Pennsylvania Category:Actors from Pennsylvania Category:Alcohol-related deaths in California Category:American atheists Category:American comedians Category:American film actors Category:American silent film actors Category:American people of English descent Category:American people of German descent Category:American people of Irish descent Category:Burials at Forest Lawn Memorial Park (Glendale) Category:Jugglers Category:People self-identifying as alcoholics Category:Trick shot artists Category:Vaudeville performers
ca:W.C. Fields da:W.C. Fields de:W. C. Fields es:W. C. Fields eo:W. C. Fields fr:W. C. Fields fy:W.C. Fields gl:W.C. Fields it:W. C. Fields he:וו. סי. פילדס nl:W.C. Fields no:W. C. Fields pt:W. C. Fields ru:Филдс, Уильям Клод simple:WC Fields sh:W. C. Fields fi:W. C. Fields sv:W.C. FieldsThis text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
Micho Russell (March 15, 1915 – February 19, 1994) was an Irish musician and author best known for his expert tin whistle performance. He also played the simple-system flute and was a collector of traditional music and folklore.
List of Irish music collectors
Biography at Micho Russell Festival Weekend Includes biographical abstract and select bibliography / discography.
Ireland's Whistling Ambassador Publisher's site.
Ireland's Whistling Ambassador review in Musical Traditions Internet Magazine
Technique and Style in Irish Music Includes MP3 sound clips and extensive commentary on Russell's style
Comhaltas Ceoltóirí Éireann biography
Old Photos of Micho Russell and Doolin
Biography
Russell was born in Doonagore, Doolin, County Clare, Ireland. Russell came from a musically renowned family, his mother played the concertina, and his father was a sean-nós singer. He had two brothers, Packie and Gussie, who were also musicians. He also had two sisters. He never married.
Music
Russell taught himself to play the tin whistle by ear starting at age eleven. The 1960s revival of Irish traditional music brought him attention and performance opportunities. In 1973, Russell won the All-Ireland tin whistle competition, which further increased demand for his performances. Like Séamus Ennis, Russell was also known for his spoken introductions to tunes in his live performances, which incorporated folklore and legend. His knowledge of tradition extended past music to language, stories, dance, herbal lore, and old country cures.
Death
Russell died in a car accident in 1994.
Works
Original music
"Micho Russell's Reel," his only known composition, is a variant of an older tune he called "Carthy's Reel." He told Charlie Piggott, "...So Carthy was beyond anyway and he heard the old tune from a piper playing it and he had the first part but only three-quarters of the second part. So when Séamus Ennis came around collecting music, I put in the last bit. That's roughly the story of the tune." The reel has been recorded by other artists such as Mary Bergin. His best-known songs were John Phillip Holland and The Well of Spring Water.
Discography
| +Micho Russell performs on the following recordings | ||||||||||
| !Year | !Artist | !Title | !Label | !Notes | ||||||
| 1975 | Micho, Pakie and Gusie Russell | The Russell Family of Doolin, Co. Clare | Topic Records | Recorded in O'Connor's Bar, Doolin January 1974. | ||||||
| 1976 | Micho Russell | Traditional Country Music of Co. Clare | Free Reed | Reissued on CD by Free Reed in 2008 | ||||||
| 1990 | Micho Russell | Under the Cliffs of Moher | Xeric | |||||||
| 1993 | Micho Russell | The Limestone Rock | "The Man from Clare" features duets with Eugene Lambe on Flute and Tin Whistle | 1995 | 'The Wind that shakes the Barley" Features Music, Song and Folklore | "In Our Own Dear Land" A similar mix of Music,Song and stories. | Recorded by GTD Heritage Recording Co. Ltd. | All four titles are now Distributed by Trad Ireland www.tradireland.ie |
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John Williams (Green Linnet Records 1157) 7.1994 | - | 1995 | Micho Russell | Ireland’s Whistling Ambassador | The Pennywhistler’s Press | Includes a 28 page booklet with a biography and notes on his music. There is also a video release with different music. |
Books
| +Micho Russell wrote the following books | ||
| !Year | !Title | !Publisher |
| 1980 | The Piper's Chair | Ossian Publications |
| 1986 | The Piper's Chair No. 2 | Canal Press, N.Y. |
| 1988 | The road to Aran: Songs, Folklore and Music of West of Ireland | Micho Russell, Doolin. |
| 1990 | Doolin's Micho Russell | N.Y. |
| 1991. | Micho's Dozen | Ennistymon Festival of Traditional Singing, Co. Clare. |
| 1992 | Music & Folklore of Doonagore | Micho Russell, Doolin. |
See also
References
External links
Category:Irish flautists Category:Irish tin whistle players Category:People from County Clare Category:1915 births Category:1994 deaths
nl:Micho RussellThis text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
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