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Adoniran Barbosa
Adoniran Barbosa, artistic name of João Rubinato (6 August 1910, Valinhos - 23 November 1982, São Paulo), was a famous Brazilian traditional samba singer and composer.
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Adriana Lima
Adriana Francesca Lima ; born June 12, 1981) is a Brazilian model, best known as a Victoria's Secret Angel since 2000, and as a spokesmodel for Maybelline cosmetics from 2003 to 2009. At age 15, Lima finished first in Ford's "Supermodel of Brazil" competition, and took second place the following year in the Ford "Supermodel of the World" competition before signing with Elite Model Management in New York City.
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Afro-Brazilian
In Brazil, oficially, the term "preto" (black, lowercase) is used to categorize those who self-identify as being so. It is one of the five official classifications used by the Brazilian people to identify themselves, along with, "branco" (White), "pardo" (Multiracial, brown), "amarelo" (yellow, East Asian) and "indígena" (Amerindian). In 2009, 13.252.000, 6,9% of the Brazilian population, self-identified themselves as pretos .
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Aleijadinho
Aleijadinho (b. Antônio Francisco Lisboa; 1730 or 1738 – November 18, 1814) was a Colonial Brazil-born sculptor and architect, noted for his works on and in various churches of Brazil.
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Alessandra Ambrosio
Alessandra Corine Ambrósio (often spelled without the diacritic mark; born April 11, 1981) is a Brazilian model. Described by Tyra Banks as "the future of the modeling world", Ambrosio is best known for her work with Victoria's Secret and was chosen as the first spokesmodel for the company's "PINK" line. Ambrosio is currently one of the Victoria's Secret Angels and the former face of the UK company Next.
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Alexander McQueen
Lee Alexander McQueen, CBE (17 March 1969 – 11 February 2010) was a British fashion designer and couturier best known for his in-depth knowledge of bespoke British tailoring, his tendency to juxtapose female strength and sensuality with fragility in his collections, as well as the emotional power and raw energy of his provocative fashion shows. He is also known for having worked as chief designer at the French Haute Couture House Givenchy and for founding his own label under the name Alexander McQueen. His achievements in fashion earned him four British Designer of the Year awards (1996, 1997, 2001 and 2003), as well as the CFDA's International Designer of the Year award in 2003.
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Amedeo Modigliani
Amedeo Clemente Modigliani (July 12, 1884 – January 24, 1920) was an Italian artist who worked mainly in France. Primarily a figurative artist, he became known for paintings and sculptures in a modern style characterized by mask-like faces and elongation of form. He died in Paris of tubercular meningitis, exacerbated by poverty, overwork, and addiction to alcohol and narcotics.
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Ana Beatriz Barros
:Ana Beatriz redirects here, for the Brazilian racing driver, see Bia Figueiredo.
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Ana Hickmann
Ana Lúcia Hickmann (born March 1, 1981 in Santa Cruz do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil) is a Brazilian model who has worked for Victoria's Secret, Nivea, L'Oreal, Clairol, and Bloomingdales. She has appeared in the South African version of the Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Issue, and graced the covers of Brazilian Vogue, Marie Claire, and Elle.
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Angra (band)
Angra is a power metal band from São Paulo, Brazil known for its symphonic interludes, highly technical instrumental playing and Brazilian regional elements.
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Arab Brazilian
An Arab Brazilian is a Brazilian citizen born in an Arabic country, or a Brazilian-born person of Arab descent, who is aware of such ancestry and remains connected, in some degree, to Arabic culture.
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Asian Brazilian
An Asian Brazilian is a Brazilian-born person of Asian ancestry. Brazil received many immigrants from Asia, both from Middle East and East Asia. The first Asian immigrants to arrive in Brazil were a small number of Chinese people (3,000) during the colonial period. However, significant immigration from Asia to Brazil started in the late 19th century, when immigration from Lebanon and Syria became important.
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Ayrton Senna
Ayrton Senna da Silva, (pronounced ; São Paulo, March 21, 1960, – Bologna Italy May 1, 1994) was a Brazilian racing driver and three-time Formula One world champion. He died in a crash while leading the 1994 San Marino Grand Prix, and remains the last Grand Prix driver to die at the wheel of a Formula One car.
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BCBG Max Azria
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Beijing
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Bia Figueiredo
Ana "Bia" Beatriz Caselato Gomes de Figueiredo (born March 18, 1985 in São Paulo) is a Brazilian racing driver currently competing in the Indy Racing League. Figueiredo won her first Indy Lights race at Nashville Superspeedway on 12 July 2008, becoming the first woman to win a race in the Indy Lights series. On June 20, 2009 Bia won her second Indy Lights race and became the first woman to win a race car event at Iowa Speedway in Newton, Iowa.
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Bill Viola
Bill Viola (born January 25, 1951 in the United States) is a contemporary video artist. He is considered a leading figure in the generation of artists whose artistic expression depends upon electronic, sound, and image technology in New Media. His works focus on the ideas behind fundamental human experiences such as birth, death and aspects of consciousness.
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Brazilian people
Brazilians (brasileiros in Portuguese) are all people born in Brazil. A Brazilian can be also a person born abroad to a Brazilian parent or a foreigner living in Brazil who applied for Brazilian citizenship. The vast majority of Brazilians live in Brazil.
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Brenda Costa
Brenda Costa is a Brazilian fashion model and former swimmer. She was born on November 8, 1982 in Rio de Janeiro. Brenda Costa is 177 cm (5 feet 9.5 inches) tall. Her model career started when she was 16 years old , after she was discovered in the Ipanema neighborhood by Agência Mega. Brenda Costa is placed 23rd in the Models.com Top 25 Sexiest Models. She was on the cover of the April 2004 French edition of ELLE magazine. In November 2005 she appeared on an episode of Tout le monde en parle. Costa, who was born deaf, has a tattoo of an eye on the base of neck which signifies that she's on the lookout for people who mistreat her behind her back.
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Buddhism
Buddhism (Pali/Sanskrit: बौद्ध धर्म Buddha Dharma) is a religion and philosophy encompassing a variety of traditions, beliefs and practices, largely based on teachings attributed to Siddhartha Gautama, commonly known as the Buddha (Pāli/Sanskrit "the awakened one"). The Buddha lived and taught in the northeastern Indian subcontinent some time between the 6th and 4th centuries BCE. He is recognized by adherents as an awakened teacher who shared his insights to help sentient beings end suffering (or dukkha), achieve nirvana, and escape what is seen as a cycle of suffering and rebirth.
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Candido Portinari
Candido Portinari (Brodowski, December 29, 1903 - Rio de Janeiro, February 6, 1962) was one of the most important Brazilian painters and also a prominent and influential practitioner of the neo-realism style in painting.
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Carlos Pace
José Carlos Pace (October 6, 1944 in São Paulo – March 18, 1977 near São Paulo) was a racing driver from Brazil. He participated in 73 Formula One World Championship Grands Prix, debuting on March 4, 1972. He won one race, achieved six podiums, and scored a total of 58 championship points. He also secured one pole position.
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Celso Pitta
Celso Roberto Pitta do Nascimento (September 29, 1946 – November 20, 2009) was a Brazilian economist and politician.
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Christian Louboutin
Christian Louboutin (pronounced loo-boo-tan) (born January 7, 1964) is a footwear designer who launched his line of high-end women's shoes in France in 1991. Since 1992, his designs have incorporated the shiny, red-lacquered soles that have become his signature. On March 27, 2007, Christian Louboutin filed an application for U.S. trademark protection of this red sole design.
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DJ Marky
Marco Antonio Silva a.k.a. DJ Marky is a Brazilian drum and bass DJ. Together with DJ Patife, XRS Land and Drumagick Brazilians are forging a new sound in drum and bass that has become popular around the world with releases such as LK and Só Tinha Que Ser Com Você.
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DJ Patife
Wagner Borges Ribeiro de Souza (born September 15, 1977), better known by his stage name DJ Patife, is a prominent Brazilian drum and bass DJ.
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Dolce & Gabbana
Dolce & Gabbana (), is an Italian luxury fashion house.
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Dr. Sin
Dr. Sin is a rock band, formed in São Paulo, Brazil in 1991 by Eduardo Ardanuy brothers Andria and Ivan Busic.
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Edgar Degas
Edgar Degas[[#Notes|[p]]] (19 July 1834 – 27 September 1917), born Hilaire-Germain-Edgar De Gas (), was a French artist famous for his work in painting, sculpture, printmaking and drawing. He is regarded as one of the founders of Impressionism although he rejected the term, and preferred to be called a realist. A superb draughtsman, he is especially identified with the subject of the dance, and over half his works depict dancers. These display his mastery in the depiction of movement, as do his racecourse subjects and female nudes. His portraits are notable for their psychological complexity and depiction of human isolation.
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Edson Zampronha
Edson Zampronha (Rio de Janeiro, June 2, 1963) is a Brazilian composer from an Italian family. His contemporary classical music has achieved a wide range audience due to its highly expressive musical discourse; due to an invention of a sophisticated musical rhetoric that operates on musical meanings, and due to a harmonic construction that introduces a new functionality in music. Re-interpretation is the key word in his music. By means of this key word all these musical features are achieved.
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Emerson Fittipaldi
Emerson Fittipaldi (born December 12, 1946 in São Paulo, Brazil) is a Brazilian automobile racing driver who throughout a long and successful career won championships in both Formula One and CART, as well as winning the Indianapolis 500 twice.
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Emilio Pucci
Emilio Pucci, Marchese di Barsento (November 20, 1914 – 29 November 1992) was a Florentine Italian fashion designer and politician. He and his eponymous company are synonymous with geometric prints in a kaleidoscope of colours.
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Evandro Soldati
Evandro Soldati (born April 17, 1985 in Ubá, Minas Gerais, Brazil) is a Brazilian male model. According to Forbes, he was the 7th most successful male model in the world in 2008. Evandro is of Italian ancestry. Soldati appears in the music video for Lady Gaga's single Alejandro (song).
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Fernanda Porto
Fernanda Porto, or Maria Fernanda Dutra Clemente (Serra Negra - Brazil, December 31, 1965), is a Brazilian singer of Drum 'n' Bossa, a genre that is the combination of electronic music and bossa nova in allusion to the Drum 'n' Bass genre.
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Fernanda Tavares
Fernanda Tavares (born on September 22, 1980) is a Brazilian model.
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French Brazilian
A French Brazilian (, ) is a Brazilian citizen of full, partial, or predominantly French ancestry, or a French-born person residing in Brazil. Between 1850 and 1965 around 100,000 French people immigrated to Brazil. The country received the second largest amount of French immigrants to South America after Argentina (239,000). It is estimated that there are from 500,000 to 1 million Brazilians of French descent today.
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Gary Hill
Gary Hill (born in 1951, Santa Monica, California, U.S.) is an American artist who lives and works in Seattle, Washington.
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German Brazilian
A German Brazilian (German: Deutschbrasilianer, Portuguese: teuto-brasileiro or germano-brasileiro) is a Brazilian person of ethnic German ancestry or origin, who is aware of such ancestry and remains connected, in some degree, to German culture. Although there are German Brazilians in many parts of Brazil, they live mostly in the Southern part of the country, comprising the states of Rio Grande do Sul, Paraná and Santa Catarina.
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Gilberto Kassab
Gilberto Kassab (born August 12, 1960 in São Paulo) is a Brazilian politician, current mayor of São Paulo. His term ends in 2012. A civil engineer and economist, of Lebanese descent, Kassab took over from José Serra, after Serra decided to run for governor of São Paulo. He is from the Democrats (DEM).
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Giorgio Armani
Giorgio Armani (born 11 July 1934) is an Italian fashion designer, particularly noted for his menswear. He is known today for his clean, tailored lines. He formed his company, Armani, in 1975, and by 2001 was acclaimed as the most successful designer to come out of Italy, with an annual turnover of $1.6 billion and a personal fortune of $5.3 billion.
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Gisele Bündchen
Gisele Caroline Bündchen (born July 20, 1980) is a Brazilian model and occasional film actress. According to Forbes, she is the highest-paid model in the world and also the sixteenth richest woman in the entertainment world, with an estimated $150 million fortune. Bündchen also acts as a goodwill ambassador for the United Nations Environment Programme.
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Greek Brazilian
A Greek Brazilian ( or Heleno-brasileiro) is a Brazilian citizen of full, partial or predominantly Greek ancestry; or a Greek-born person residing in Brazil.
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Hélio Castroneves
Hélio Castroneves (born Hélio Castro Neves; May 10, 1975 in Ribeirão Preto, Brazil) is a Brazilian auto racing driver currently competing in the North American IndyCar Series. In IndyCar competition, Castroneves has 14 wins and 28 poles, and has never placed lower than sixth in the standings in a complete season of racing. Prior to IndyCar, Castroneves competed in the CART championship with a highest championship points finish of fourth.
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Indigenous peoples
Indigenous peoples are people, communities, and nations who claim a historical continuity and cultural affinity with societies endemic to their original territories that developed prior to exposure to the larger connected civilization associated with Western culture. These societies therefore consider themselves distinct from societies of the majority culture/s that have contested their cultural sovereignty and self-determination.
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Isabeli Fontana
Isabeli Bergossi Fontana (born July 4, 1983) is a Brazilian model.
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Israelites
The Israelites were a people of the Ancient Near East who inhabited the Land of Israel. They are the ancestors of modern-day Jews. The term "Israelites" (or the Twelve Tribes or Children of Israel) means both a people, the descendants of the patriarch Jacob/Israel, and those who worship the god of the people Israel, regardless of ethnic origin. In the biblical history an Israelite can be:
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Italian Brazilian
An Italian Brazilian (, ) is a person born in Brazil of Italian ancestry.
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Italian people
The Italian people () are a people that share a common Italian culture, ancestry and speak the Italian language as a mother tongue. Within Italy, Italians are defined by citizenship, regardless of ancestry or country of residence (though the principle of Jus Sanguinis is used extensively and arguably more favorably in the Italian nationality law), and are distinguished from people of Italian descent and, historically, from ethnic Italians living in the unredeemed territories adjacent to the Italian peninsula.
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Italians
http://wn.com/Italians -
Izabel Goulart
Maria Izabel Goulart Dourado (born October 23, 1984), better known as Izabel Goulart, is a Brazilian model. She is best known as one of the Victoria's Secret Angels from 2005 to 2008 and for her work with Armani Exchange.
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Japanese Brazilian
'''
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Jimmy Choo
Dato' Jimmy Choo OBE, born Jimmy Choo Yeang Keat, () is a Malaysian fashion designer based in London, United Kingdom. He is best known for founding Jimmy Choo Ltd that became known for its hand-made women's shoes.
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José de Anchieta
José de Anchieta (March 19, 1534 – June 9, 1597) was a Canarian Jesuit missionary to Brazil in the second half of the 16th century. A highly influential figure in Brazil's history in the first century after its discovery on April 22, 1500 by a Portuguese fleet commanded by Pedro Álvares Cabral, Anchieta was one of the founders of São Paulo, in 1554, and Rio de Janeiro, in 1565. He was a writer and poet, and is considered the first Brazilian writer. Anchieta was also involved in the catechesis and conversion to the Catholic faith of the Indian population; his efforts at Indian pacification, together with another Jesuit missionary, Manuel da Nóbrega, were crucial to the establishment of stable colonial settlements in the new country.
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José Serra
José Serra (; born March 19, 1942 in São Paulo) is a Brazilian politician, former secretary of state, congressman, senator, minister of Planning and Minister of Health, mayor of São Paulo and Governor of São Paulo state.
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Jânio Quadros
Jânio da Silva Quadros (), PC (January 25, 1917 — February 16, 1992), was a Brazilian politician who served briefly as President of Brazil in 1961.
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Júlio Prestes
Júlio Prestes de Albuquerque (March 15, 1882 – February 9, 1946) was a Brazilian politician. Governor of São Paulo state in 1926, he was elected president of Brazil on March 1, 1930, but never took office because the government was overthrown in a coup that brought Getulio Vargas to power, three weeks before Prestes' scheduled inauguration on November 15, 1930.
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Korean Brazilian
Korean Brazilian () is a Brazilian person of full, partial, or predominantly Korean ancestry, or a Korean-born person residing in Brazil. The Korean population in Brazil, the largest in Latin America, is about 50,000.
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Luiza Erundina
Luiza Erundina de Sousa (November 30, 1934) is a Brazilian politician, born in Uiraúna.
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Macau
Macau (), also spelled Macao () is, along with Hong Kong one of China's two special administrative regions. It lies on the western side of the Pearl River Delta, bordering Guangdong province to the north and facing the South China Sea to the east and south.
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Manolo Blahnik
Manolo Blahnik (), CBE, (born 28 November 1942 Santa Cruz de La Palma, Canary Islands), is a Spanish fashion designer and founder of the self-named, high-end shoe brand.
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Manuel da Nóbrega
Manuel da Nóbrega (old spelling Manoel da Nóbrega) (1517 - 1570) was a Portuguese Jesuit priest and first Provincial of the Society of Jesus in colonial Brazil. Together with José de Anchieta, he was very influential in the early History of Brazil, and participated in the founding of several cities, such as Recife, Salvador, Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo, and many Jesuit Colleges and seminars.
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Mario Romancini
Mario Romancini (born December 15, 1987 in São Paulo) is a professional racing driver from Brazil.
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Marta Suplicy
Marta Teresa Smith de Vasconcelos Suplicy (; born March 18, 1945) is a Brazilian politician and psychologist. She was Mayor of São Paulo, 2001–2004, as a member of the Brazilian Workers' Party (PT). She served as the Brazilian Minister of Tourism between March 14, 2007 and June 4, 2008, when she resigned to run for mayor of São Paulo.
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Max Mara
MaxMara, or The House of MaxMara, is an Italian fashion house known for its ready-to-wear clothing. Established in 1951 in Reggio Emilia by Achille Maramotti (7 January 1927 – 12 January 2005) by March 2008, the company had 2,254 stores in 90 countries.
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Missoni
Missoni is an Italian fashion house based in Varese. It is famous for its unique knitwear, made from a variety of fabrics in colourful patterns. The company was founded by Ottavio ("Tai") and Rosita Missoni in 1953.
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Mário Covas
Mário Covas Júnior (Santos, 21 April 1930 — São Paulo, 6 March 2001) was an important Brazilian politician.
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Mário de Andrade
:''For the Angolan politician and writer see Mário Pinto de Andrade. For others with the name see Andrade.
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Nam June Paik
Nam June Paik (July 20, 1932 – January 29, 2006) was a Korean-born American artist. He worked with a variety of media and is considered to be the first video artist.
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Nicole Miller
Nicole Miller is an American fashion designer. Miller attended the Rhode Island School of Design (RISD) where she earned a degree in fine art. Knowing that her long-term goal was to design fashion, she created her own study abroad program at the Chambre Syndicale de la Couture Parisienne where she also earned a degree and was trained to drape and master the classical techniques of couture.
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Oscar de la Renta
Oscar de la Renta (born July 22, 1932) is one of the world's leading fashion designers.
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Oscar Niemeyer
Oscar Ribeiro de Almeida Niemeyer Soares Filho (born December 15, 1907) is a Brazilian architect specializing in international modern architecture. He is a pioneer in exploring the formal possibilities of reinforced concrete solely for their aesthetic impact.
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Osvaldo Lacerda
Osvaldo Lacerda (born March 23, 1927 in São Paulo) is a Brazilian composer. He began piano study at nine, and in 1963, he became the first Brazilian composer to receive a Guggenheim Fellowship.
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Oswald de Andrade
José Oswald de Andrade Souza (January 11, 1890 – October 22, 1954) was a Brazilian poet and polemicist. He was born and spent most of his life in São Paulo.
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Paul of Tarsus
Paul of Tarsus, also called Paul the Apostle, the Apostle Paul, and Saint Paul, (; Latin: Paulus or Paullus; Šaʾul HaTarsi (Saul of Tarsus) (c. 5 - c. 67 ), was a Jew who referred to himself as the "Apostle to the Gentiles". According to the Acts of the Apostles, his conversion to faith in Jesus took place in a profound life-changing experience on the road to Damascus. Together with Simon Peter and James the Just, he is considered among the most notable of early Christian leaders."The Canon Debate," McDonald & Sanders editors, 2002, chapter 32, page 577, by James D. G. Dunn: "James the brother of Jesus and Paul, the two other most prominent leading figures [beside Peter] in first-century Christianity" He was also a Roman citizen—a fact that afforded him a privileged legal status with respect to laws, property, and governance.
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Paulo Maluf
:''Maluf redirects here. For the Tunisian music genre, see Ma'luf''.
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Paulo Szot
Paulo Szot (; born 1969) is a Polish Brazilian opera baritone singer and actor. In 2008, he made his Broadway debut as Emile De Becque in a revival of South Pacific. He won the Tony Award for Best Performance by a Leading Actor in a Musical for his performance in the play, becoming the first Brazilian to receive such honor.
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Pierre Bonnard
Pierre Bonnard (3 October 1867 – 23 January 1947) was a French painter and printmaker, a founding member of Les Nabis.
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Portuguese Brazilian
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http://wn.com/Portuguese_Brazilian -
Portuguese people
The Portuguese () are an ethnic group or nation native to the country of Portugal, in the west of the Iberian peninsula of south-west Europe. Their language is Portuguese, and Roman Catholicism is the predominant religion.
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Raphael Matos
Raphael Matos (born August 28, 1981) is a Brazilian racing driver from Belo Horizonte. He currently drives in the IndyCar Series for de Ferran Dragon Racing. He was the 2008 Firestone Indy Lights Series champion and the 2007 Champ Car Atlantic Series champion. He lives in Miami.
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Rita Lee
Rita Lee (born Rita Lee Jones on December 31, 1947; now Rita Lee Jones Carvalho) is a Brazilian rock singer and composer. Lee continues to be a popular figure in Brazilian entertainment, where she is also known for being an animal rights activist and a vegetarian. She sold more than 10 million albums worldwide.
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Roberto Cavalli
Roberto Cavalli (born 15 November 1940) is an Italian fashion designer from Florence.
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Salvatore Ferragamo
Salvatore Ferragamo (June 5, 1898 – August 7, 1960) was a Florentine and Italian shoe designer. He worked with many Hollywood stars in the 1920s, before returning to Italy to found the eponymous company making unique hand-made footwear. His scientific and creative approach to shoes spawned many innovations such as the wedge heel and cage heel. Film stars and celebrities continue to patronize his company, which has evolved into a luxury goods empire spanning the world.
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Sergio Rossi
Sergio Rossi is an Italian fashion designer and distributor of women's shoes and handbags, as well as a limited range of men's shoes. The Sergio Rossi label is owned by the French conglomerate PPR.
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Spaniards
http://wn.com/Spaniards -
Swiss Brazilian
Swiss Brazilian () is a Brazilian citizen of full or partial Swiss ancestry, who remains culturally connected to Switzerland, or a Swiss-born person permanently residing in Brazil.
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The Times
The Times is a daily national newspaper published in the United Kingdom since 1785, when it was known as The Daily Universal Register.
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Tommy Hilfiger
Thomas Jacob "Tommy" Hilfiger (born March 24, 1951) is an American fashion designer and founder of the brand Tommy Hilfiger.
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Tony Kanaan
Antoine Rizkallah Kanaan Filho,(Arabic:انطوين رزكلله قنان فيليو) commonly known as Tony Kanaan (born December 31, 1974 in Salvador, Brazil) is a Brazilian race car driver of Lebanese heritage. Kanaan won the 2004 Indy Racing League IndyCar Series championship driving Andretti Green Racing's 7-Eleven sponsored car, winning three times in his Honda-powered Dallara. That season he completed 3,305 laps, making him the first IndyCar Series driver to complete every possible lap in a season. He also led 889 laps in 13 separate races to establish an IndyCar Series record. Kanaan is also the only driver to lead the Indianapolis 500 in each of his first seven starts, though he has yet to win this flagship event. He has a total of 14 IRL race victories.
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Victor Brecheret
Victor Brecheret (February 22, 1894 – December 17, 1955) was an Italian-Brazilian sculptor. He lived most of his life in São Paulo, except for his studies in Paris in his early twenties. Brecheret's work combines techniques of European modernist sculpture with references to his native country through the physical characteristics of his human forms and visual motifs drawn from Brazilian folk art. Many of his subjects are figures from the Bible or classical mythology.
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Xerxes de Oliveira
Xerxes de Oliveira is a drum and bass producer from Brazil. He uses several pseudonyms inckuding XRS, XRS Land, Friendtornik, and Kapitel 06. He is well known in the Brazilian drum and bass scene due to the large number of live PAs he has performed throughout Brazil.
http://wn.com/Xerxes_de_Oliveira
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ABC Region
The term ABC Region is an industrial region in Greater São Paulo, Brazil.
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ABCD Region
ABCD, sometimes called ABC (ABC paulista or Região do Grande ABC in Portuguese) is an industrial region made up of seven municipalities with the greater metropolitan area of São Paulo, Brazil.The name "ABCD" is derived from the principal initials of four of these cities: Santo André (A), São Bernardo do Campo (B), São Caetano do Sul (C), and Diadema (D). The region also includes the cities of Mauá, Ribeirão Pires and Rio Grande da Serra.
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Alto de Pinheiros
Alto de Pinheiros is a district in the city of São Paulo, Brazil.
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Alto de Santana
Alto de Santana (Santana High) is a name commonly used, especially by business, to refer to a Upper middle class area of Santana district in São Paulo city, Brazil. The term is used informally to refer to the bairro of Vila Santana (Santana Village) and the elevated region of the Santana bairro.
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Amapá
Amapá () is one of the states of Brazil, located in the extreme north, bordering French Guiana and Suriname to the north. To the east is the Atlantic Ocean, and to the south and west is the Brazilian state of Pará. Perhaps one of the main features of the state is the River Oiapoque, as it was once considered the northernmost point of Brazil. The river's estuary is at the extreme north of the Brazilian coast, and it is often used to describe the remote points of Brazil. The dominate landscape of the region—90 percent of the total area—is the huge Amazon Rainforest. Unexplored forests occupy 70 percent of its territory. Another attraction is the equator, which divides not only the state but also the Northern and Southern hemispheres. The only way to reach the state's capital and largest city Macapá is by boat or airplane.
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Amman
Amman (; , ʿAmmān) is the capital and largest city of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. A city of about 2 million inhabitants (2008 estimate), it is the country's political, cultural and commercial centre and one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world. Amman is the administrative seat of the homonymous governorate.
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Araçatuba
Araçatuba is a city located in the north-west of São Paulo state, Brazil. It has 181.143 inhabitants. The main activities are agro-industrial related, especially cattle. The area is 1170.5 km². The elevation is 390 m.
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Asunción
Asunción (full name: La Muy Noble y Leal Ciudad de Nuestra Señora Santa María de la Asunción) is the capital and largest city of Paraguay. The Spanish word asunción means assumption in English. It refers to the Assumption of Mary; the full name means The Very Noble and Loyal City of Our Lady Saint Mary of the Assumption.
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Atlantic Forest
The Atlantic Forest () is a region of tropical and subtropical moist forest, tropical dry forest, tropical savannas, and mangrove forests which extends along the Atlantic coast of Brazil from Rio Grande do Norte state in the north to Rio Grande do Sul state in the south, and inland as far as Paraguay and the Misiones Province of Argentina.
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Avaré, São Paulo
:For the play L'Avare by Molière, see The Miser'''.
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Bamako
Bamako, population 1,809,106 (2009 Census, provisional), is the capital and largest city of Mali, and currently estimated to be the fastest growing city in Africa (sixth fastest in the world). It is located on the Niger River, near the rapids that divide the Upper and Middle Niger Valleys, in the southwestern part of the country. Bamako is the nation's administrative center as well as a cercle, with a river port located in nearby Koulikoro, and a major regional trade and conference center. Bamako is the seventh largest West African urban center after Lagos, Abidjan, Kano, Ibadan, Dakar and Accra. Manufactures include textiles, processed meat, and metal goods. There is commercial fishing on the Niger River.
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Barcelona
Barcelona (Catalan , Spanish ) is the capital and the most populous city of the Autonomous Community of Catalonia and the second largest city in Spain, after Madrid, with a population of 1,621,537 within its administrative limits on a land area of . The urban area of Barcelona extends beyond the administrative city limits with a population of over 4,200,000 on an area of , it is the sixth-most populous urban area in the European Union after Paris, London, Ruhr area, Madrid and Milan. About 5 million people live in the Barcelona metropolitan area. It is also Europe's largest metropolis on the Mediterranean coast. The main part of a union of adjacent cities and municipalities named Àrea Metropolitana de Barcelona (AMB) with a population of 3,186,461 in an area of 636 km² (density 5.010 hab/km²). It is located on the Mediterranean coast between the mouths of the rivers Llobregat and Besòs and is bounded to the west by the Serra de Collserola ridge ().
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Barueri
Barueri is a Brazilian city in the state of São Paulo. The population in 2006 is estimated to be 265,549, the population density is 4,149.2 per km² and the area of 64 km².
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Bauru
Bauru is a Brazilian city and municipality in midwestern region of the state of São Paulo. It is also the capital of the micro-region of Bauru. The population in 2000 is 368,580, the area of the municipality is 675.2 km² and the population density is 464.56/km².
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Beijing
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Belo Horizonte
Belo Horizonte (lit. "Beautiful Horizon", ) is the capital and largest-city of the state of Minas Gerais, located in the southeastern region of Brazil. It is the third-largest metropolitan area in the country. Belo Horizonte (or "Beagá", as it is also familiarly known from the sound of its initials "BH" in Portuguese) has a population of over 2.4 million, or almost 5.4 million in the official Metropolitan Area.
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Bertioga
Bertioga is a Brazilian town of the state of São Paulo in the Baixada Santista. The population in 2004 was 35,759. However, because it neighbors resort towns, its population fluctuates greatly with the seasons. The population density is 72.68/km² and it has an area of 492 km². The more northern parts are dense forests and are virtually unpopulated. The municipality was created in 1995. Prior to that it was considered a suburb of Guaruja.
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BM&F; Bovespa
The BM&FBOVESPA; (; in full, Bolsa de Valores, Mercadorias & Futuros de São Paulo) is a stock exchange located at São Paulo, Brazil. On September 24, 2010, it became the second largest exchange in the world in terms of market capitalization with $17.8 billion, behind to the Hong Kong Stock Exchange with $19.8 billion (see list of stock exchanges). On May 8, 2008, the São Paulo Stock Exchange (Bovespa) and the Brazilian Mercantile and Futures Exchange (BM&F;) merged, creating BM&FBOVESPA;.. The benchmark indicator of BM&FBOVESPA; is the Índice Bovespa. There were 450 companies traded at Bovespa as of April 30, 2008.
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Brasília
Brasília () is the capital of Brazil. The name is commonly spelled Brasilia in English. The city and its District are located in the Central-West region of the country, along a plateau known as Planalto Central. It has a population of about 2,557,000 (3,599,000 in the metropolitan area) as of the 2008 IBGE estimate, making it the fourth largest city in Brazil. However, as a metropolitan area, it ranks lower at sixth. It is listed as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO. Brasília hosts 119 foreign embassies.
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Brazil
Brazil (; , ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (, ), is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population. It is the only Portuguese-speaking country in the Americas and the largest lusophone country in the world.
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Brazilian Grand Prix
The Brazilian Grand Prix () is a Formula One championship race which occurs at the Autódromo José Carlos Pace in Interlagos, a district in the city of São Paulo, Brazil.
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Bucharest
Bucharest ( ) is the capital city, cultural, industrial, and financial centre of Romania. It is the largest city in Romania, located in the southeast of the country, at , and lies on the banks of the Dâmboviţa River.
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Buenos Aires
Buenos Aires () is the capital and largest city of Argentina, and the second-largest metropolitan area in South America, after São Paulo. It is located on the western shore of the estuary of the Río de la Plata, on the southeastern coast of the South American continent. Greater Buenos Aires conurbation, which also includes several Buenos Aires Province districts, constitutes the third-largest conurbation in Latin America, with a population of around 13 million.
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Bugatti
Bugatti was founded in Molsheim, then Germany, today France as a manufacturer of high performance automobiles by Ettore Bugatti, an Italian immigrant described as an eccentric genius.
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Caieiras
Caieiras is a city in the state of São Paulo in Brazil. The population in 2006 is 94,985, its density is 990.56 inhabitants/km² and the area is 96 km².
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Cajamar
Cajamar is a municipality in the State of Sao Paulo, located in Greater São Paulo. The estimated population in 2009 was 63,675 inhabitants and the area is 128.4 square kilometers, resulting in a density of 493.5 inhabitants / km ². It is bordered to the north Jundiaí, Franco da Rocha and Caieiras the east, the capital of the southeast, Santana do Parnaíba and Pirapora do Bom Jesus in the west.
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Cambuci
Cambuci is a municipality located in the Brazilian state of Rio de Janeiro. Its population was 14,439 (2005) and its area is 562 km². Its population as of 2009 is 18,256 by newest recalation. It is very popular among tourists.
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Campinas
Campinas (Plains; ) is a city and county (município) located in the interior of the state of São Paulo, Brazil.
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Campo Grande
Campo Grande (lit. Great Field) is the capital of the state of Mato Grosso do Sul in the Center-West region of Brazil. The city is nicknamed Cidade Morena ("Brown City" in Portuguese) after the reddish-brown colour of the region's soil. It has a population of 755,107, according to a 2009 IBGE estimate.
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Caraguatatuba
Caraguatatuba, widely known by its abbreviation Caraguá, is a city in the eastern part of the southern state of São Paulo in Brazil. The name comes from the Tupi language and one of the words includes tuba meaning . Caraguatatuba is the largest city of São Paulo north shore.
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Chavantes
Chavantes is a municipality in the state of São Paulo in Brazil. The population in 2003 is 12,437 and the area is 188.16 km². The elevation is 563 m.
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Chicago
Chicago ( or ) is the largest city in the state of Illinois. With over 2.8 million residents, it is the most populous city in the Midwestern United States and the third most populous city in the country. Its metropolitan area, commonly named "Chicagoland," is the 26th most populous in the world, home to an estimated 9.7 million people spread across the U.S. states of Illinois, Wisconsin, and Indiana. Chicago is the county seat of Cook County.
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Cluj-Napoca
Cluj-Napoca (; ; , Hungarian pronunciation:; ; , Kloiznburg), commonly known as Cluj, is the fourth most populous city in Romania and the seat of Cluj County in the northwestern part of the country. Geographically, it is roughly equidistant from Bucharest (441 km / 276 mi), Budapest (409 km / 256 mi) and Belgrade (465 km / 291 mi). Located in the Someşul Mic River valley, the city is considered the unofficial capital to the historical province of Transylvania. In 1790-1848 and 1861–1867, it was the official capital of the Grand Principality of Transylvania.
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Coimbra
Coimbra () is a city in the municipality of Coimbra in Portugal. Although it served as the nation's capital during the High Middle Ages, it is better-known for the its university, the University of Coimbra, which, established in 1290, is one of the oldest in Europe and the oldest academic institution in the Portuguese-speaking world.
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Colonial Brazil
In the history of Brazil, Colonial Brazil (or New Lusitania - in Portuguese, Nova Lusitânia) comprises the period from 1500, with the arrival of the Portuguese, until 1815, when Brazil was elevated to United Kingdom with Portugal.
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Consolação
Consolação () is a neighborhood in the central part of the city of São Paulo, Brazil. It belongs to the subprefecture of Sé. The neighborhood is largely residential, and contains many large apartment buildings and condominiums. It is also known for its prominent cultural institutions. The region has been populated since the 16th century, and is known for its buildings in the style of São Paulo Modern Architecture.
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Cotia
Cotia is a city in the state of São Paulo in Brazil. The population in 2006 was 179,685. The city is at an altitude of 853 m, its density is 554.77/km² and the area is 324 km². Cotia is linked with the Rodovia Raposo Tavares highway.
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Curitiba
Curitiba (Tupi-Guarani: "Pine Nut Land", or ) is the capital and largest-city of the Brazilian state of Paraná. The city has the largest population, the largest economy in the State and also in southern Brazil. According to the American magazine Reader's Digest, Curitiba is the best place to live in Brazil.
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Córdoba, Spain
Córdoba (; also Cordova; Qurṭuba قرطبة) is a city in Andalusia, southern Spain, and the capital of the province of Córdoba. An Iberian and Roman city in ancient times, in the Middle Ages it was capital of an Islamic caliphate.
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Damascus
Damascus ( , commonly known as الشام ash-Shām also known as the "City of Jasmin" ) is the capital of Syria as well as one of the country's 14 governorates. The Damascus Governorate is ruled by a governor appointed by the Minister of Interior. In addition to being widely known as the oldest continuously inhabited city in the world, Damascus is a major cultural and religious center of the Levant.
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Daslu
Daslu is a posh multi-brand boutique-department store in São Paulo, Brazil. The boutique is known as the "fashion designers mecca" of Brazil as it houses more than 60 labels plus 30 store-in-stores and is the place where Brazilian socialites, ranging from multi-millionaire soccer players to conglomerate bigwigs shop for the latest accessories and clothing. It is also a renowned shopping institution in South America for being a "purveyor" in chic and exclusive couture. The brand "Daslu" (conjunction of "from the Lu" in Portuguese) is a reference to the nickname "Lu" that was common to both partners who founded the store (Lúcia and Lourdes).
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Diadema, São Paulo
Diadema is a city in São Paulo state, Brazil. The distance from the capital is 17 km (from Praça da Sé). The city has an area of 30.65 square kilometres (11.83 sq mi) and a population of 357,064, and is accessed by a transit called EMTU (Empresa Metropolitana de Transportes Urbanos de São Paulo).
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Downtown São Paulo
The Downtown São Paulo (or Central Zone São Paulo, or simply Center São Paulo) is a Commercial District and third major Central Business District of São Paulo.
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Edifício Copan
The Edifício Copan (Copan Building) is a 140-metre, 38-story residential building in São Paulo, Brazil. Construction began in 1957 and, following some interruptions, was completed in 1966. It is one of the largest buildings in Brazil and has the largest floor area of any residential building in the world. The building was not named after the ancient Mayan city in Honduras; the name is an acronym for its original developer, Companhia Pan-Americana de Hotéis e Turismo (Panamerican Company for Hotels and Tourism). The building was designed by Oscar Niemeyer`s office in São Paulo, he himself being responsible for the famous sinuous facade design. In its final version, the building had 1,160 apartments and 5,000 residents. Due to the large number of residents, the São Paulo City Hall gave the building its own postal code (CEP: 01046-925). The current condominium has over 100 employees to serve residents and to conduct maintenance. The ground floor is home to 70 businesses and establishments including (since the 1990s) a church, a travel agency, a bookstore, and 4 restaurants. Its site has 10572.80 square meters.
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Edifício Itália
Edifício Itália (Portuguese for Italy Building) is a 168 metre tall 46 story skyscraper in São Paulo, Brazil, built from 1956 to 1965. It hosts the Circolo Italiano foundation and Terraço Italia restaurant in its 44th floor. It also has a rooftop observation deck, open for tourists.
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Embu
Embu, also Embu das Artes, is a Brazilian city in the State of São Paulo. It is a suburb of the capital. The population in 2006 was 245,855 inhabitants. Population density is 3,508.2 /km² and the area is 70 km².
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Embu-Guaçu
Embu-Guaçu is a municipality in the state of São Paulo in Brazil. The population in 2006 is 72,170 and the area is 155 km². The elevation is 408.22 m.
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Estádio do Canindé
The Estádio do Canindé, also known as Estádio Oswaldo Teixeira Duarte, is a football stadium inaugurated on January 11, 1956 in Canindé neighborhood, São Paulo, São Paulo, with a maximum capacity of 28,500 spectators. Although the stadium maximum capacity is 28,500 people, due to a Paulista Football Federation decision, and following FIFA requirements, Canindé stadium had its maximum capacity reduced to 25,470 spectators. The stadium is owned by Associação Portuguesa de Desportos. Its formal name honors Oswaldo Teixeira Duarte, a former chairman of Portuguesa.
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Estádio Rua Javari
Estádio Conde Rodolfo Crespi, usually known as Estádio Rua Javari, is a multi-use stadium located in São Paulo's Mooca neighborhood, Brazil. It is used mostly for football matches and hosts the home matches of Clube Atlético Juventus, which is also the stadium's owner. The stadium has a maximum capacity of 2,730 people and was built in 1929. Estádio Rua Javari is named after Count Rodolfo Crespi, who was Juventus' first president and helped the stadium construction. The stadium's nickname, Rua Javari, is the name of the street where it is located in.
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Ferrari
Ferrari S.p.A. is an Italian sports car manufacturer based in Maranello, Italy. Founded by Enzo Ferrari in 1929, as Scuderia Ferrari, the company sponsored drivers and manufactured race cars before moving into production of street-legal vehicles as Ferrari S.p.A. in 1947. Throughout its history, the company has been noted for its continued participation in racing, especially in Formula One, where it has had great success.
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Goiânia
Goiânia (, ) is the capital and largest city of the Brazilian state of Goiás. With a population of 1,281,975, it is the second-largest city in the Central-Western Region and the 13th-largest in the country. Its metropolitan area has a total population of 2,063,744, making it the 11th-largest in Brazil.
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Greater Tokyo Area
The Greater Tokyo Area is a large metropolitan area in Kantō region, Japan consisting of most of the prefectures of Chiba, Kanagawa, Saitama, and Tokyo (at the center). In Japanese, it is referred to by various terms, including the , , , and others.
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Guarulhos
Guarulhos is the second largest city in the Brazilian state of São Paulo and a suburb of São Paulo city itself. In the last few years it has passed up Campinas. The population in 2006 is 1,283,253, the density is 4,035.26 inh./km² and the area is 318 km². It is 12th largest incorporated city in Brazil.
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Hamburg
Hamburg (; , local pronunciation Low German/Low Saxon: Hamborg ) is the second-largest city in Germany and the eighth-largest city in the European Union. The city is home to over 1.8 million people, while the Hamburg Metropolitan Region (including parts of the neighboring Federal States of Lower Saxony and Schleswig-Holstein) has more than 4.3 million inhabitants. The port of Hamburg is the third-largest port in Europe (third to Port of Antwerp and Rotterdam), and the eighth largest in the world.
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Ibirapuera Park
Ibirapuera Park () is a major urban park in São Paulo, Brazil. It has a large area for leisure, jogging and walking, as well as a convention center. Its importance to São Paulo is comparable to that of the Central Park to New York City.
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Iguatemi São Paulo
The Iguatemi São Paulo shopping centre is the oldest Brazilian mall in operation.
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Iguatemi, São Paulo
Iguatemi is a neighborhood in the east region of the city of São Paulo.
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Interlagos
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Ipaussu
Ipaussu is a municipality in the state of São Paulo in Brazil. The population in 2004 is 13,141. This place name comes from the Tupi language.
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Itaim Bibi
Itaim Bibi is a district in the city of São Paulo, Brazil.
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Itanhaém
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Itapecerica da Serra
Itapecerica da Serra is a municipality in the state of São Paulo in Brazil. The population in 2006 is 162,239, the density is 1,071.2 inh./km² and the area is 151 km². The name Itapecerica is believed to come from the Tupi language for slippery stone, and da Serra means of the Mountains in Portuguese.
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Itaquaquecetuba
Itaquaquecetuba is a municipality in the state of São Paulo, in Brazil. The estimated population in 2006 is 352,755, the density is 4,313.46/km² and the area is 82 km². The elevation is 790 m. This place name comes from the Tupi language.
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Jabodetabek
Jabotabek (or Jabodetabek) is an officially recognized definition and term given to the urban region surrounding Jakarta, Indonesia in 2000, officially including five municipalities and three regencies. While a separate study by an international firm listed the region as having a population of 18.9 million, the population of Jabotabek in the Indonesia 2000 census by the Indonesian government was officially counted to be 23.3 million, with results from Indonesian Census 2010 totaling 26.6 million.
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Jardim Paulista
Jardim Paulista is a district in the city of São Paulo, Brazil.
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Jardim Ângela
Jardim Ângela is a neighborhood in the south region of the city of São Paulo.
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Jardins
Jardins (Gardens) is the name given to a upper class region of São Paulo city, which includes the neighbourhoods of:
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Jaú
: This article is about a city in São Paulo state. For the national park in Amazonas, see Jaú National Park.
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Jundiaí
Jundiaí is a city and municipality in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. The population in 2009 was 349,929, and the area is 433.958 km². The elevation is 761 m. Distance is 60 km north of the city of São Paulo.
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Juquitiba
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La Paz
Nuestra Señora de La Paz (Spanish: ; ; ), is the administrative capital of Bolivia, as well as the departmental capital of La Paz Department, and the second largest city (in population) only after Santa Cruz de la Sierra. It is located in the western part of the country on the department of the same name. It is located at an elevation of 3,660 meters above sea level, making it the world's highest "de facto" capital city, or administrative capital. The official capital of Bolivia is Sucre and it is the seat of Justice, La Paz has more government departments, hence the "de facto" qualifier. The city sits in a "bowl" surrounded by the high mountains of the altiplano. As it grows, La Paz climbs the hills, resulting in varying elevations from 3,000 meters to 4,100 meters (9,840 ft to 13,450 ft). Overlooking the city is towering triple-peaked Illimani, which is always snow-covered and can be seen from several spots of the city, including from the neighbor city, El Alto. As of the 2001 census, the city had a population of 877,363. La Paz Metropolitan area, formed by the cities of La Paz, El Alto and Viacha, make the most populous urban area of Bolivia, with a population of 2.3 million inhabitants and surpassing the metropolitan area of Santa Cruz de la Sierra.
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Lajeado, São Paulo
Lajeado is a neighborhood in the east region of the city of São Paulo.
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Lima
Lima is the capital and largest city of Peru. It is located in the valleys of the Chillón, Rímac and Lurín rivers, on a desert coast overlooking the Pacific Ocean. Together with the seaport of Callao, it forms a contiguous urban area known as the Lima Metropolitan Area. With a population fast approaching 9 million, Lima is the fifth largest city in Latin America, behind Mexico City, São Paulo, Buenos Aires and Rio de Janeiro. Lima has been defined as a beta world city.
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London
London () is the capital of England and the United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its founding by the Romans, who called it Londinium. London's core, the ancient City of London, largely retains its square-mile mediaeval boundaries. Since at least the 19th century, the name London has also referred to the metropolis developed around this core. The bulk of this conurbation forms the London region and the Greater London administrative area, governed by the elected Mayor of London and the London Assembly.
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Luanda
Luanda (formerly spelled Loanda) is the capital and largest city of Angola. Located on Angola's coast with the Atlantic Ocean, Luanda is both Angola's chief seaport and administrative center and has a population of at least 5 million (2008). It is also the capital city of Luanda Province. Luanda is located at . The city is currently undergoing a major reconstruction, with many large developments taking place that will alter the cityscape significantly.
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Luz Station
The Luz Station (, ) is the common name for a train station in the Luz neighbourhood in São Paulo, Brazil. The station is part of the metropolitan rail system ran by the CPTM. The station is mostly notable for housing the Museum of the Portuguese Language, established in 2006.
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Macau
Macau (), also spelled Macao () is, along with Hong Kong one of China's two special administrative regions. It lies on the western side of the Pearl River Delta, bordering Guangdong province to the north and facing the South China Sea to the east and south.
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Mairiporã
Mairiporã is a Brazilian municipality in São Paulo state. It is part of the São Paulo metropolitan area.
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Manaus
Manaus () is a city in Brazil, the capital of the state of Amazonas. It is situated at the confluence of the Negro and Amazon rivers. It is the most populous city of Amazonas, according to the statistics of Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics, and is a popular ecotourist destination. Manaus belongs to mesoregion Center Amazonense and microregion Manaus. It is located in northern Brazil, 3,940 kilometers (2,168 miles) from the federal capital, Brasília.
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Marsilac
Marsilac is a neighborhood located in the extreme south of the city of São Paulo. Belonging to the borough of Parelheiros. Its name is a tribute to engineer Jose Alfredo Marsilac, who developed many techniques for building roads and tunnels even losing 99% of his vision for being hit by a bomb in revolution of 1932.
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Marília
Marília is a Brazilian city and municipality in midwestern region of the state of São Paulo. Is far from the state capital of highway, of railway and in a straight line. It is located at latitude 22º 12'50 "south and longitude 49º 56'45" west, with an altitude of 675 meters. Population is approximately 225,938 inhabitants (2009 IBGE intercensal estimate)).
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Maserati
Maserati is an Italian luxury car manufacturer established on December 1, 1914, in Bologna. The company's headquarters are now in Modena, and its emblem is a trident. It has been owned by the Italian car giant Fiat S.p.A. since 1993. Inside the Fiat Group, Maserati was initially associated with Ferrari S.p.A., but more recently it has become part of the sports car group including Alfa Romeo.
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Mauá
Mauá is a municipality in the state of São Paulo in Brazil. The population as of 2006 is 413,943 inhabitants, the density is 6,645.4/km² and the area is 62.6 km². This place name comes from the Tupi language.
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Mendoza, Argentina
Mendoza () is the capital city of Mendoza Province, in Argentina. It is located in the northern-central part of the province, in a region of foothills and high plains, on the eastern side of the Andes. As of the , Mendoza's population was 110,993. The metropolitan population was 848,660 in 2001, making Greater Mendoza the fourth largest census metropolitan area in the country.
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Mexico City
Mexico City (Spanish: Ciudad de México) is the capital and largest city in Mexico as well as the largest city in the Americas and the world's third largest metropolitan area by population, after Seoul and Tokyo. Mexico City is also the Federal District (Distrito Federal), the seat of the federal government. It is a federal entity within Mexico which is not part of any one of the 31 Mexican states but belongs to the federation as a whole. Mexico City is the most important political, cultural, and financial center in the country.
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Milan
Milan (, ; Western Lombard: Milan, ) is a city in Italy and the capital of the region of Lombardy and of the province of Milan. The city proper has a population of about 1,310,000, while the urban area is the first in Italy and the fifth largest in the European Union with a population of 4,345,000 over an area of . The Milan metropolitan area, by far the largest in Italy, is estimated by the OECD to have a population of 7,400,000.
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Moema, São Paulo
Moema is a neighborhood in the south region of the city of São Paulo.
http://wn.com/Moema_São_Paulo -
Mongaguá
Mongaguá is a municipality in the state of São Paulo in Brazil. The population in 2006 is 46,977, the population density is 328.11/km² and the area is 143 km². The name comes from the Tupi language.
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Montevideo
:Also see: Montevideo (disambiguation) or Monteverde (Costa Rica).
http://wn.com/Montevideo -
Mooca
Mooca () from tupi mo-oka, meaning to build houses, is a district in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. Mooca today is about to reach the mark of 65,000 inhabitants, spread in 7.7km². It is also considered one of the fastest growing districts in the city, experiencing over the last years a boom in the construction industry. Mooca's economy consists of small businesses, some large industries and in the near future, big shopping centres as its ongoing economic growth is becoming more attractive to investors.
http://wn.com/Mooca -
Morumbi Stadium
http://wn.com/Morumbi_Stadium -
Mumbai
Mumbai (; , ', ), previously known as Bombay' (), is the capital of the Indian state of Maharashtra. It is the most populous city in India, and the second most populous city in the world, with a population of approximately 14 million. The official language of Mumbai is Marathi. But many other languages are also widely used, particularly the Mumbaiian Hindi''. Along with the neighbouring urban areas, including the cities of Navi Mumbai and Thane, it is one of the most populous urban regions in the world. Mumbai lies on the west coast of India and has a deep natural harbour. As of 2009, Mumbai was named an Alpha world city. Mumbai is also the richest city in India, and has the highest GDP of any city in South or Central Asia.
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Museu Paulista
The Museu Paulista of the University of São Paulo (commonly known in Sao Paulo as Museu do Ipiranga) is a Brazilian history museum located near where Emperor D. Pedro I proclaimed the Brazilian independence on the banks of Ipiranga brook in the Southeast region of the city of São Paulo, then the "Caminho do Mar," or road to the seashore. It contains a huge collection of furniture, documents and historically relevant artwork, especially relating to the Brazilian Empire era.
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Naha, Okinawa
is the capital city of the Japanese prefecture of Okinawa.
http://wn.com/Naha_Okinawa -
Naples
Naples ( , , Neapolitan: Napule) is a city in Italy; it is the capital of the region of Campania and of the province of Naples. Known for its rich history, art, culture, architecture, music, and gastronomy, Naples has played an important role in the the Italian peninsula and beyond for much of its existence, which began more than 2,800 years ago. Situated on the west coast of Italy by the Gulf of Naples, the city is located halfway between two volcanic areas, Mount Vesuvius and the Phlegraean Fields.
http://wn.com/Naples -
New Delhi
New Delhi (, naī dillī) is the capital city of India. It serves as the centre of the Government of India and the Government of the National Capital Territory of Delhi.
http://wn.com/New_Delhi -
Ningbo
Ningbo (; literally "Tranquil Waves"; previous name: 明州 Mingzhou) is a seaport with sub-provincial administrative status. The city has a population of 2,201,000 and is located on the northeastern of Zhejiang province, China. Lying south of the Hangzhou Bay, and facing the East China Sea to the east, Ningbo borders Shaoxing to the west and Taizhou to the south, and is separated from Zhoushan by a narrow body of water.
http://wn.com/Ningbo -
Non ducor, duco
http://wn.com/Non_ducor_duco -
Osaka
is a city in the Kansai region of Japan's main island of Honshū, the designated city under the Local Autonomy Law, the capital city of Osaka Prefecture and also the heart of Greater Osaka Area. Located at the mouth of the Yodo River on Osaka Bay,
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Osasco
Osasco is a municipality and city in São Paulo State, Brazil, is located in the Greater São Paulo and ranking 5th in population among São Paulo municipalities. The current mayor is Emidio Pereira de Souza (PT).
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Ourinhos
Ourinhos is a municipality/county in the state of São Paulo in Brazil. The population in 2005 is 104,448 and the area is 296.89 km². The elevation is 483 m.
http://wn.com/Ourinhos -
Paraná (state)
Paraná () is one of the states of Brazil, located in the South of the country, bordered on the north by São Paulo state, on the east by the Atlantic Ocean, on the south by Santa Catarina state and the Misiones Province of Argentina, and on the west by Mato Grosso do Sul and the republic of Paraguay, with the Paraná River as its western boundary line. Cut by the Tropic of Capricorn, Paraná has what is left of the araucaria forest, one of the most important subtropical forests of the world. At the border with Argentina is the National Park of Iguaçu, considered by UNESCO as Patrimony of Humanity and the spectacle of the Cataratas do Iguaçu attracts about 700 thousand tourists per year. At only 40 km (24 miles) from there, at the border with Paraguay, the largest dam in the world was built, the Hidroelétrica de Itaipu. The State Park of Vila Velha near the city of Ponta Grossa, is another attraction, with great rocky formations sculpted by the erosion of rain and wind. Curitiba, the capital, is famous for its high quality of life, compared to the Brazilian average, and the Ilha do Mel, next to the historical Paranaguá, is another destination for eco-tourists.
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Paraty
Paraty (or Parati) [pronounced Par-a-CHEE] is a preserved Portuguese colonial (1500-1822) and Brazilian Imperial (1822–1889) town. It is located on the Costa Verde (Green Coast), a lush, green corridor that runs along the coastline of the state of Rio de Janeiro, in Brazil. Paraty has become a popular tourist area in recent years, renowned for the historic town and the coast and mountains in the region.
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Parelheiros
Parelheiros is rural district located in the extreme south of the city of São Paulo, and is also one of the districts with the largest territorial area. Very little of this area is inhabited, and is covered with reserves of the Atlantic Forest. In Parelheiros there are also two indigenous villages of a Guaraní subgroup with about one thousand residents. The region also received many German immigrants in the beginning of 1800. The inhabitants of the place have the lowest purchasing power of the city. The district is poorly served by public transport and roads; there is little connection to the central districts of the city.
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Paulista Avenue
Paulista Avenue (Avenida Paulista in Portuguese, Paulista being the gentilic for those born in São Paulo state) is one of the most important avenues in São Paulo, Brazil. The 2.8 kilometre thoroughfare is notable for headquartering a large number of financial and cultural institutions, as well as being home to an extensive shopping area and to Latin America's most comprehensive fine-art museum, MASP. Since the 1960s, the avenue has been identified as one of the main business centers in the city. Being one of the highest points in São Paulo, it is distinctively clustered with radio and TV stations antennae, such as Gazeta's. The road is served by a subway line and many major bus routes.
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Paulistano
http://wn.com/Paulistano -
Pinheiros
Pinheiros (, "pine trees") is a borough in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. The name also refers to a river at the western edge of São Paulo. Prior to development, the land which this borough occupies was dominated by the dense forest which contained a Brazilian subtropical species of pine, Araucaria angustifolia, which is also the symbol of the Paraná state.
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Pinheiros River
The Pinheiros River () is an tributary of the Tietê River that runs through the city of São Paulo, Brazil. Until 1920, the river was known as Jurubatuba. After being canalized its name was changed to Pinheiros. In southern São Paulo the Pinheiros River is impounded in Billings Reservoir.
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Piracicaba
Piracicaba is a city located in the Brazilian state of São Paulo. The population in 2009 was 368,843 in an area of 1,369.511 km², at an elevation of 547 m above sea level.
http://wn.com/Piracicaba -
Piraju
Piraju is a municipality in the state of São Paulo in Brazil. The population in 2004 is 28,831 and the area is 506.48 km². The elevation is 646 m. This place name comes from the Tupi language.
http://wn.com/Piraju -
Port of Santos
The Port of Santos is located in the city of Santos, Brazil. As of 2006, it is the busiest container port in Latin America.
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Poá
Poá is a municipality in the state of São Paulo in Brazil. The water extracted from Fonte Áurea, or the Source of Gold, is sold throughout Brazil. In 2010, the population of 112.558 and the density and area of 6577.83 and was 17 km ².
http://wn.com/Poá -
Praia Grande
Praia Grande is a municipality in the state of São Paulo in Brazil. The population in 2003 was 229,532, the density was 1,540.55/km² and the area is 149 km².
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Praça da Sé
The Praça da Sé (Sé Square) is a public space in São Paulo, considered the center of town, because is the point from where the distancy of all roads that pass on São Paulo are counted. The square was the location of many historic events in São Paulo's history, most notably during the Diretas Já movement. The name originates from the episcopal see of the city, the São Paulo Cathedral
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Presidente Prudente
Presidente Prudente is a municipality (município) in the state of São Paulo in Brazil.
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Ribeirão Preto
Ribeirão Preto (Portuguese for "Black Stream") is a municipality and city in the Northeastern region of the state of São Paulo in Brazil. It is nicknamed Brazilian California, because of a combination of an economy based on agrobusiness plus high technology, wealth and sunny weather all year long. With 570,000 inhabitants, Ribeirão Preto is the ninth largest municipality in the state. With a total area of 652.2 km² (251.8 sq mi), its coordinates are 21° 10’ 42" South latitude and 47° 48’ 24" West longitude; and it is situated 313 km (194 mi) from the city of São Paulo and 706 km (439 mi) from Brasília, the federal capital. Mean altitude is 546.8 meters high (1,794 ft).
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Rio de Janeiro
Rio de Janeiro ("River of January", ; ), commonly referred to simply as Rio, is the capital city of the State of Rio de Janeiro, the second largest city of Brazil and the third largest metropolitan area and agglomeration in South America, 6th largest in the Americas and 26th in the world.
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Roraima
Roraima (Tupi: Green Plateau)() is the northernmost and least populated state of Brazil, located in the Amazon region. It borders the states of Amazonas and Pará, as well as the nations of Venezuela and Guyana. The population is 400,000 (2006) and the capital is Boa Vista. Roraima is the Brazilian state with the fewest municipalities, 15 in total.
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Sala São Paulo
The Julio Prestes Cultural Center, which is located in the Julio Prestes Train Station in the old north central section of the city of São Paulo, Brazil, was inaugurated on July 9, 1999. The building has been totally restored and renovated by the São Paulo State Government, as part of the downtown revitalization in that city. It houses the Sala São Paulo, which has a capacity of 1498 seats and is the home of the São Paulo State Symphonic Orchestra (OSESP). It is a venue for symphonic and chamber presentations and has been designed according to state of the art standards, comparable to the Boston Symphonic Hall, Musikverein in Vienna and the Concertgebouw in Amsterdam.
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Santana de Parnaíba
Santana de Parnaíba is a city and municipality in the state of São Paulo in Brazil. The population in 2003 was 86,247 and the area is 184 km². It was founded in 1625 near the Tietê river.
http://wn.com/Santana_de_Parnaíba -
Santo André
http://wn.com/Santo_André -
Santos, São Paulo
Santos (, Saints) is a municipality in the São Paulo state of Brazil, founded in 1546 by the Portuguese nobleman Brás Cubas. It is partially located on the island of São Vicente, which harbors both the city of Santos and the city of São Vicente, and partially on the mainland. It is the main city in the metropolitan region of Baixada Santista. , its population was estimated at 418,375 (1,476,820 metro area). Santos has the biggest seaport in Latin America, which handled over 72 million tons in 2006. It has large industrial complexes and shipping centers, which handle a large portion of the world's coffee exports, as well as a number of other Brazilian exports including steel, oil, cars, oranges, bananas and cotton. The city is also home to the Coffee Museum, where, once, coffee prices were negotiated. There is also a football memorial, dedicated to the city's greatest players, who include Pelé, one of the players for the famous football club Santos Futebol Clube. Its beachfront garden, 5.335 km in length, figures in the Guinness Book of Records as the largest beachfront garden in the world.
http://wn.com/Santos_São_Paulo -
Seoul
{{Infobox settlement
http://wn.com/Seoul -
Serra do Mar
Serra do Mar () is a 1,500 km long system of mountain ranges and escarpments in Southeastern Brazil, which runs in parallel to the Atlantic Ocean coast, from the state of São Paulo to Paraná. The main escarpment forms the boundary between the sea-level littoral and the inland plateau (planalto), which has a mean altitude of 500 to 1300 m. The mountain ranges are discontinuous in several places and receive individual names, such as Serra de Bocaina, Serra de Paranapiacaba, Serra Negra, Serra do Indaiá, etc. It also extends to some large islands near the coastline, such as Ilhabela and Ilha Anchieta. The highest point of Serra do Mar is the Pico Paraná, located in the municipalities of Antonina and Campina Grande do Sul Rio de Janeiro in Nova Friburgo Pico da Caledônia with altitude of 2.255 meters or 7398.293 feet.
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southern hemisphere
http://wn.com/southern_hemisphere -
State of São Paulo
http://wn.com/State_of_São_Paulo -
São Caetano do Sul
São Caetano do Sul (or São Caetano) is a city in São Paulo state in Brazil, located in the Greater São Paulo Metropolitan Area. It is the city with the highest per capita income in Brazil (US$ 16,500.00 in 2003) and it also has the highest Human Development Index (0.921 - between Hong Kong and Germany).
http://wn.com/São_Caetano_do_Sul -
São José dos Campos
São José dos Campos (, meaning Saint Joseph of the Fields) is a municipality and a major city in the state of São Paulo, Brazil and one of the most important industrial and research centers in Latin America.
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São Paulo (state)
São Paulo () is a state in Brazil. It is the major industrial and economic powerhouse of the Brazilian economy. Named after Saint Paul, São Paulo has the largest population, industrial park and economic production of the country. It is the second most populous sub-national entity in the Western world. It is the richest state of Brazil. The capital, São Paulo, is also the largest city in South America.
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São Paulo Cathedral
The São Paulo See Metropolitan Cathedral --"See" and "cathedra" mean "seat" and therefore the ecclesiastical authority of a bishop or archbishop () is the cathedral of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of São Paulo, Brazil. The current Metropolitan Archbishop of the archdiocese is His Eminence, Cardinal Odilo Pedro Scherer. Its construction, in Neo-Gothic style, began in 1913 and ended four decades later. It was ready for its dedication on the 400th anniversary of the foundation of the then humble villa of São Paulo by Chief or Cacique Tibirica' and the Jesuit priests Manuel da Nobrega and Jose' de Anchieta. Despite having a Renaissance-styled dome, the São Paulo Metropolitan Cathedral is considered by some to be the 4th largest neo-gothic cathedral in the world.
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São Paulo, Brazil
http://wn.com/São_Paulo_Brazil -
Taboão da Serra
Taboão da Serra is a municipality in the state of São Paulo in Brazil. The population in 2004 was 221,176 and the area is 20 km². It is the second smallest city in São Paulo and it has a population density of 11,058.8 people per square kilometre, or 18,431.33 people per square mile.
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Tel Aviv
Tel Aviv-Yafo (Hebrew: , lit. "Spring Hill"-Jaffa; , ''Tall 'Abib''), usually referred to as Tel Aviv, is the second-largest city in Israel, with an estimated population of 393,900. The city is situated on the Israeli Mediterranean coastline, with a land area of . It is the largest and most populous city in the metropolitan area of Gush Dan, home to 3.2 million people as of 2008. The city is governed by the Tel Aviv-Yafo municipality, headed by Ron Huldai. Residents of Tel Aviv are called Tel Avivians.
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Tietê River
The Tietê River (Portuguese, Rio Tietê) is a Brazilian river in the state of São Paulo.
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Tietê, São Paulo
Tietê is a municipality in the state of São Paulo in Brazil. The population in 2004 was 35,214 and the area is 396.56 km². The elevation is 508 m.
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Toronto
Toronto (, colloquially or ) is the largest city in Canada and the provincial capital of Ontario. It is located in Southern Ontario on the northwestern shore of Lake Ontario. With over 2.5 million residents, it is the fifth most populous municipality in North America. Toronto is at the heart of the Greater Toronto Area (GTA), and is part of a densely populated region in Southern Ontario known as the Golden Horseshoe, which is home to over 8.1 million residents—approximately 25% of Canada's population. The census metropolitan area (CMA) had a population of 5,113,149, and the Greater Toronto Area had a population of 5,555,912 in the 2006 Census.
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Tropic of Capricorn
The Tropic of Capricorn, or Southern tropic, marks the most southerly latitude at which the sun can appear directly overhead at noon. This event occurs at the December solstice, when the southern hemisphere is tilted towards the sun to its maximum extent.
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Ubatuba
Ubatuba is a Brazilian city, located on the southeast coast, in the state of São Paulo. The population in 2003 was 76,847, its density was 107.93 hab/km² and the area is 712 km².
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Vila Olímpia
The Vila Olímpia (in english Olympic Village) is a upper class neighborhood in the city of Sao Paulo, capital of the state of Sao Paulo, in the district of Itaim Bibi.
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Yerevan
Yerevan (, ) is the capital and largest city of Armenia and one of the world's oldest continuously-inhabited cities. Situated along the Hrazdan River, Yerevan is the administrative, cultural, and industrial center of the country. It has been the capital since 1918, the thirteenth in the history of Armenia.
http://wn.com/Yerevan
- 1950 FIFA World Cup
- 2014 FIFA World Cup
- ABC Region
- ABCD Region
- abolitionism
- above mean sea level
- Adbusters
- Adoniran Barbosa
- Adriana Lima
- African people
- Afro-Brazilian
- air taxi
- Airport terminal
- Aleijadinho
- Alessandra Ambrosio
- Alexander McQueen
- Alto de Pinheiros
- Alto de Santana
- Amapá
- AmBev
- ambulatory
- Amedeo Modigliani
- Amman
- Ana Beatriz Barros
- Ana Hickmann
- Angra (band)
- Anhembi Morumbi
- Arab Brazilian
- Araçatuba
- art exhibition
- Art school
- Artistic gymnastics
- Asian Brazilian
- Assis Chateaubriand
- Aston Martin
- Asunción
- Atheism
- Atlantic Forest
- Atlantic Ocean
- Atmosphere of Earth
- Audi
- avant-garde
- Avaré, São Paulo
- Aviator
- Ayrton Senna
- Baccarat
- bairro
- Balenciaga
- Bamako
- Bang & Olufsen
- Barcelona
- baritone
- Barsa (encyclopedia)
- Barueri
- Bauru
- BBC
- BCBG Max Azria
- Beijing
- Belo Horizonte
- Bentley
- Bertioga
- Bia Figueiredo
- Bill Viola
- billboard
- Billings Reservoir
- biodiesel
- biodiversity
- bisexuality
- Blumarine
- BM&F; Bovespa
- BMW
- boarding (transport)
- Bolivian
- Bolivians in Brazil
- Bom Retiro
- Bottega Veneta
- Bradesco
- branch
- Brasília
- Brazil
- Brazilian government
- Brazilian Grand Prix
- Brazilian Highlands
- Brazilian people
- Brenda Costa
- Brooklin, São Paulo
- Brown people
- Bucharest
- Buddhism
- Buenos Aires
- Bugatti
- Burberry
- bus
- Bus station
- Bvlgari
- Caieiras
- Caipira
- Cajamar
- Calvin Klein
- Cambuci
- Campinas
- Campo Grande
- Canali
- Candido Portinari
- Candomblé
- Capital market
- Caraguatatuba
- Cardinal direction
- Carlos Pace
- Carpool
- Cartier SA
- catechism
- CD-ROM
- Celebrity
- Celso Pitta
- Chanel
- Chavantes
- Chicago
- Chinese Brazilian
- Chinese cuisine
- Chloé
- Christian Louboutin
- City and town halls
- city council
- Cluj-Napoca
- coffee
- Coimbra
- Colonial Brazil
- commerce
- company
- Consolação
- contemporary art
- corporate video
- cortiço
- Cotia
- crime statistics
- crustacean
- CSS (band)
- Cultural movement
- culture
- Culture of Brazil
- Culture of Portugal
- Curitiba
- Cushman & Wakefield
- Córdoba, Spain
- Damascus
- Daslu
- deck (building)
- Democrats (Brazil)
- Demonym
- Diadema, São Paulo
- Digital television
- digital video
- Dior
- Discovery Channel
- DJ Marky
- DJ Patife
- DKNY
- doctorate
- Dolce & Gabbana
- Downtown São Paulo
- Dr. Sin
- drink
- Drizzle
- drum and bass
- Drumagick
- earthquake
- eclecticism in art
- economic growth
- Economy of São Paulo
- Edgar Degas
- Edifício Copan
- Edifício Itália
- Edson Zampronha
- effluents
- electronic art
- Embu
- Embu-Guaçu
- Emerson Fittipaldi
- Emilio Pucci
- Emporio Armani
- Ermenegildo Zegna
- Estádio do Canindé
- Estádio Rua Javari
- ethnic group
- eucalyptus
- Evandro Soldati
- evergreen
- executive officer
- Experimental music
- fashion industry
- fashion week
- fauna
- favela
- favelas
- Felipe Massa
- Fendi
- Fernanda Porto
- Fernanda Tavares
- Ferrari
- FIFA Club World Cup
- FIFA World Cup
- financial capital
- FIVB World League
- Flowering plant
- folklore
- Ford Motors
- Formula One
- French Brazilian
- French cuisine
- Freshwater
- fuel
- Funchal
- futsal
- Gary Hill
- German Brazilian
- GfK
- Gilberto Kassab
- Giorgio Armani
- Gisele Bündchen
- Givenchy
- Global city
- Goiânia
- goods and services
- Goodyear Blimp
- Goyard
- Gramophone record
- graphic design
- Great Depression
- Greater São Paulo
- Greater Tokyo Area
- Greek Brazilian
- Guarapiranga
- Guardian.co.uk
- Guarujá
- Guarulhos
- Gucci
- Hamburg
- health education
- health promotion
- heavy metal music
- helicopter
- Hermès
- hero
- Hilton Hotel
- history
- History of Brazil
- Hugo Boss
- Hyatt
- Hélio Castroneves
- Ibirapuera Park
- Ibmec
- Iguatemi São Paulo
- Iguatemi, São Paulo
- Image
- independence
- Indigenous peoples
- Industrialisation
- Interlagos
- International Police
- Internet art
- Introduced species
- Ipaussu
- Ira!
- Isabeli Fontana
- ISO 9000
- Israelites
- Itaim Bibi
- Italian Brazilian
- Italian dialects
- Italian Peninsula
- Italian people
- Italians
- Itanhaém
- Itapecerica da Serra
- Itaquaquecetuba
- Itaú Unibanco
- Itaúsa
- Izabel Goulart
- Jabodetabek
- Jaguar
- Japanese Brazilian
- Jardim Paulista
- Jardim Ângela
- Jardins
- Jaú
- Jimmy Choo
- job (role)
- José de Anchieta
- José Serra
- Jundiaí
- Juquitiba
- Jânio Quadros
- Júlio Prestes
- Karl Lagerfeld
- Korean Brazilian
- La Paz
- Laborer
- Lajeado, São Paulo
- Lamborghini
- Land Rover
- Lanvin (clothing)
- Latin
- Latin America
- Liberdade
- Lima
- Lina Bo Bardi
- Lisbon
- literacy
- London
- London Underground
- Longchamp (company)
- Louis Vuitton
- Luanda
- Luiza Erundina
- Luz Station
- Macau
- Mairiporã
- mammal
- Manaus
- Manolo Blahnik
- Manuel da Nóbrega
- manuscript
- map
- Marc Jacobs
- March for Jesus
- Maresia
- Marina Rinaldi
- Mario Moraes
- Mario Romancini
- Marketplace
- Marquis of Pombal
- Marsilac
- Marta Suplicy
- Marília
- Maserati
- Mauá
- Max Mara
- Mendoza, Argentina
- Mercedes-Benz
- metropolis
- metropolitan area
- Mexico City
- Mexico City, Mexico
- Milan
- Miss Universe
- Mission (Christian)
- Missoni
- Miu Miu
- modernism
- Moema, São Paulo
- Mongaguá
- Montblanc (company)
- Montevideo
- Mooca
- Morumbi
- Morumbi Stadium
- Moschino
- Multiethnic society
- Multiracial
- Mumbai
- Museu Paulista
- music genre
- Mário Covas
- Mário de Andrade
- Naha, Okinawa
- Nam June Paik
- Naples
- Neapolitan language
- New Delhi
- New York City
- Newspaper
- Nicole Miller
- Ningbo
- Non ducor, duco
- Old Tupi language
- OPENCities
- opera house
- orchestra
- Ordinal direction
- Os Mutantes
- Osaka
- Osasco
- Oscar de la Renta
- Oscar Niemeyer
- OSESP
- Osvaldo Lacerda
- Oswald de Andrade
- Ourinhos
- Pagani
- Palace
- Pan American Games
- Panoramic
- Paraná (state)
- Paraná River
- Paraty
- Parelheiros
- Pari
- Paris
- Paul of Tarsus
- Paulista Avenue
- Paulistano
- Paulo Maluf
- Paulo Szot
- Pentecostalism
- photo
- Pierre Bonnard
- Pietro Maria Bardi
- Pinheiros
- Pinheiros River
- Piracicaba
- Piraju
- plantation
- plateau
- Polo Ralph Lauren
- population growth
- Porsche
- Port of Santos
- Porto
- Porto Alegre
- Portuguese Brazilian
- Portuguese language
- Portuguese people
- pothole
- Poá
- Prada
- Praia Grande
- Praça da Sé
- Presidente Prudente
- private school
- private university
- programme (booklet)
- protagonist
- Protestantism
- public health
- Pátio do Colégio
- race track
- rail transport
- Raphael Matos
- rapid transit
- Ratio
- Ratos de Porão
- recession
- Regional rail
- Regions of Brazil
- research institute
- Residency (domicile)
- Ribeirão Preto
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São Paulo, Olney Filmography
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São Paulo - Brazil
São Paulo is the 19th richest city in the world and is expected to be the 13th richest in 2020. According to data of IBGE, its Gross domestic product (GDP) in 2005 was R$ 263177148000.00 (US$ 156280780941.00), equivalent to approximately 2.26% of the Brazilian GDP and 36% of all production of goods and services of the State of São Paulo. One of the biggest financial centres in Brazil and in the world, São Paulo's economy is going through a deep transformation. Once a city with a strong industrial character, São Paulo's economy has become increasingly based on the tertiary sector, focusing on services and businesses for the country. Many analysts point to São Paulo as an important global city, even though this assignment can be criticized considering its serious problems of social exclusion and spacial segregation. Although being the most important financial centre of the country, São Paulo's economy also presents a high degree of informality. São Paulo is the business center of the Mercosur economy. Consecrated Acclaimed as a city of business tourism, attracting today's biggest and most important international events, be they in the economic, cultural, scientific or sporting area, it is a metropolis that offers a service infrastructure of the highest efficiency and quality. The city hosts from small meetings to large exhibitions. It holds more than 200 events per day, offering more than 250 thousand square meters of space in pavilions and areas for congresses and fairs <b>...</b>
http://wn.com/São_Paulo__Brazil
Landing in Sao Paulo
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:05
- Published: 17 Apr 2007
- Uploaded: 26 Dec 2011
- Author: moyajoaquin
This video shows a landing from inside a plane in Congonhas, a very central airport in the huge Brazilian city of Sao Paulo.
http://wn.com/Landing_in_Sao_Paulo
Sao Paulo 1943
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 14:56
- Published: 28 May 2008
- Uploaded: 27 Dec 2011
- Author: travelfilmarchive
A film sponsored by the US Office of the Coordinator of Inter-American Affairs to promote friendly relations with South American countries just before World War II.Footage from this subject is available for licensing from www.globalimageworks.com
http://wn.com/Sao_Paulo_1943
Fashion Week - Sao Paulo Fashion Week Review Spring Summer 2011
Sao Paulo Fashion Week Review Spring Summer 2011 Music Info: Performer: Mark Ronson The Business Intl Title: Bang Bang Bang Russ Chimes Remix
http://wn.com/Fashion_Week__Sao_Paulo_Fashion_Week_Review_Spring_Summer_2011
ANAHI "MI DELIRIO LIVE IN SAO PAULO"
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:41
- Published: 17 Nov 2011
- Uploaded: 27 Dec 2011
- Author: anahichannelone
ANAHI "MI DELIRIO" LIVE IN SAO PAULO
http://wn.com/ANAHI_MI_DELIRIO_LIVE_IN_SAO_PAULO
Ad Ban in São Paulo
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 10:31
- Published: 28 Jun 2007
- Uploaded: 27 Dec 2011
- Author: pansouthproductions
São Paulo's conservative Mayor, Gilberto Kassab, put into effect the "Clean City Law" this month, outlawing nearly all forms of outdoor advertising. Interviews with lead singer of Brazilian band, Nação Zumbi, Mayor Kassab, city officials, and advertising industry.
http://wn.com/Ad_Ban_in_São_Paulo
![[DVD/RDP] Radiohead - Sao Paulo 2009 [Full Concert]](http://web.archive.org./web/20120102012025im_/http://i.ytimg.com/vi/AytSCYQN4fM/0.jpg "[DVD/RDP] Radiohead - Sao Paulo 2009 [Full Concert]")
[DVD/RDP] Radiohead - Sao Paulo 2009 [Full Concert]
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 143:04
- Published: 16 Sep 2009
- Uploaded: 25 Dec 2011
- Author: AustinBrock
Thanks to the amazing work of Andrews FG, the creator of the Rain Down Project. Here is the entire concert from Sao Paulo 2009. This video was created from numerous video sources, a courageous project to take on, and one that took Andrews a lot of time and effort. Some songs are soundboard audio, some are from the best source available from the crowd, the video however, is a multicamera audience shot. Full credits are listed at the end of the video. Track Listing ------------- 15 Step There There The National Anthem All I Need Pyramid Song Karma Police Nude Weird Fishes/Arpeggi The Gloaming Talk Show Host Optimistic Faust Arp Jigsaw Falling Into Place Idioteque Climbing Up The Walls Exit Music (For A Film) Bodysnatchers Videotape Paranoid Android Fake Plastic Trees Lucky Reckoner House Of Cards You And Whose Army? Everything In It's Right Place Creep Project Website (includes torrent for DVD/AVI) radioheadraindown.blogspot.com
http://wn.com/ DVD/RDP _Radiohead__Sao_Paulo_2009_ Full_Concert
Neymar vs Sao Paulo (H) 11-12 HD720p by Fella
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:31
- Published: 30 Aug 2011
- Uploaded: 27 Dec 2011
- Author: SevanFella
High Definition. Season 2011, Brasileirao. Neymar vs Sao Paulo. (H) |WMV | 5.0 mbps | 320 MB's | 8.30 min's | Music: Rihanna - Rude Boy (Reynaldo Klawa Club Mix) Download: Link on Soccerpulse.com Edting by SevanFella. Disclaimer: Absolutely no copyright infringement is intended. All images, audio, and video clips are the sole property of their respective owners. Statement: Copyright Disclaimer Under Section 107 of the Copyright Act 1976, allowance is made for "fair use" for purposes such as criticism, comment, news reporting, teaching, scholarship, and research. Fair use is a use permitted by copyright statute that might otherwise be infringing. Non-profit, educational or personal use tips the balance in favor of fair use.
http://wn.com/Neymar_vs_Sao_Paulo_H_11-12_HD720p_by_Fella
Sao Paulo Fall/Winter 2011-2012 | Fashion Week Review | FashionTV - FTV
Sao Paulo Fashion Week Fall 2011 on FTV.com Review. Watch the best fashion designs from Colcci, V Rom, Animal, Triton, Maria Bonita, Neon, Tufi Duek, Alexandre Herchcovitch, Osklen Starring Demi Moore, Ashton Kutcher, Gisele, Paris Hilton, Isabeli Fontana Front Row Red Carpet Celebrities -- Top Hot Sexy Models - Styled by - Music -- Become our Fan on Facebook - facebook.com Join the F Community at FTV.com and become an F Member for the latest and most exclusive coverage of fashion week, runway shows, plus hot designers like Gucci, Prada, Burberry, Dior, Chanel, and Dolce & Gabbana, as well as all your favorite fashion icons. The latest coverage of the world's major Fashion Weeks, updated hourly at http
http://wn.com/Sao_Paulo_Fall/Winter_2011-2012_|_Fashion_Week_Review_|_FashionTV__FTV
Birds on the Wires live at TEDxSP (official version)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:12
- Published: 30 Nov 2009
- Uploaded: 24 Dec 2011
- Author: misterbaxt3r
The official TEDx São Paulo video of the live performance of Birds on the Wires. This and other TED Talks of the SP event at www.tedxsaopaulo.com.br
http://wn.com/Birds_on_the_Wires_live_at_TEDxSP_official_version
Queen - Live In Sao Paulo - Part 1 (1/5)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:51
- Published: 14 Nov 2006
- Uploaded: 16 Dec 2011
- Author: Oberon1966
20.03.1981, Sao Paulo (Morumbi Stadium), Brazil, 'South America Bites The Dust' This first Sao Paulo concert was joined by 131000 fans (a world record at that time !). It was broadcasted live on TV, but I just have some extracts (so-so quality due to VHS copy, but IMO Queen is always worth watching). Brian's Portuguese intro before 'Love Of My Life' is amazing and so is the audience. No comment on Freddie's fancy leather outfit at the end of the show ;-) 01: Intro 02: We Will Rock You (fast) 03: Let Me Entertain You 04: Play The Game
http://wn.com/Queen__Live_In_Sao_Paulo__Part_1_1/5
Richie Kotzen- High ( Live in Sao Paulo )
The best version that i ever heard ! Richie Kotzen rules !!
http://wn.com/Richie_Kotzen_High__Live_in_Sao_Paulo_
![[HQ] Radiohead at Sao Paulo Mar 22 2009 [FULL Show]](http://web.archive.org./web/20120102012025im_/http://i.ytimg.com/vi/IU12xg2gmqo/0.jpg "[HQ] Radiohead at Sao Paulo Mar 22 2009 [FULL Show]")
[HQ] Radiohead at Sao Paulo Mar 22 2009 [FULL Show]
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 88:39
- Published: 03 May 2009
- Uploaded: 27 Dec 2011
- Author: MiniDJBeirne
*Note: The title says this is the full show, referring to the entire TV broadcast of the show, unfortunately the broadcast only did not include 8 of the 26 songs played. SETLIST 01 - 1:24 - 15 Step 02 - 6:14 - There There 03 - 11:32 - The National Anthem 04 - 16:37 - All I Need 05 - 20:59 - Pyramid Song 07 - 26:14 - Nude 08 - 31:03 - Weird Fishes/Arpeggi 09 - 37:38 - The Gloaming 10 - 41:37 - Talk Show Host 11 - 46:48 - Optimistic 12 - 51:52 - Faust Arp 13 - 54:50 - Jigsaw Falling Into Place 14 - 59:01 - Idioteque 15 - 1:03:21 - Climbing Up The Walls 16 - 1:07:54 - Exit Music (For A Film) 17 - 1:12:38 - Bodysnatchers 20 - 1:17:04 - Fake Plastic Trees 26 - 1:23:04 - Creep [======NOT AIRED======] 06 - Karma Police 18 - Videotape 19 - Paranoid Android 21 - Lucky 22 - Reckoner 23 - House of Cards 24 - You and Whose Army 25 - Everything In Its Right Place Torrent File; www.monova.org
http://wn.com/ HQ _Radiohead_at_Sao_Paulo_Mar_22_2009_ FULL_Show
São Paulo x Estudiantes - Libertadores 2006 - Decisão por penaltis - 19/07/2006
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:38
- Published: 04 Apr 2009
- Uploaded: 27 Dec 2011
- Author: videosspfc
www.universotricolor.com http www.universotricolor.com http -------------------- 19.07.2006SÃO PAULO Futebol Clube/BRAZIL 1 0 Club ESTUDIANTES de La Plata/ARGENTINA 2006 Libertadores da América Cup ¼ Finals Group 4 (Leg 2) Cícero Pompeu de Toledo Stadium (Nickname: Morumbi) City of São Paulo São Paulo/Brazil SPFC: Rogério Ceni/captain; José Fábio Alves Azevedo Fabão, Alex Bruno Costa Fernandes & Edcarlos Conceição Santos; Williamis de Souza e Silva, Carlos Luciano da Silva Mineiro, Josué Anunciado de Oliveira, Danilo Gabriel de Andrade & Jenílson Ângelo de Souza Junior; Leandro Lessa Azevedo (Thiago Ribeiro Cardoso) & Ricardo de Oliveira. Coach: Muricy Ramalho. CELP: Martín Horacio Herrera; Marcos Alberto Angeleri, Agustín Alayes, Fernando Ortiz/captain & Pablo Sebastián Álvarez; Juan Augusto Huerta (Horacio Ramón Cardozo), Diego Alberto Galván (Juan Elías Cominges Mayorga), José Ernesto Sosa (Marcelo Adrián Carrusca) & Rodrigo Braña; José Luis Calderón & Pablo Ariel Lugüercio. Coach: Diego Pablo Simeone. Goals: Edcarlos Conceição Santos (1:0) 44. Penalty Kick Decision: Ricardo de Oliveira (1:0) goal; José Luis Calderón (1:1) goal; Rogério Ceni (2:1) goal; Juan Elías Cominges Mayorga (2:2) goal; José Fábio Alves Azevedo Fabão (3:2) goal; Pablo Ariel Lugüercio (3:3) goal; Danilo Gabriel de Andrade (3:3) missed; Agustín Alayes (3:3) missed; Jenílson Ângelo de Souza Junior (4:3) goal; Marcelo Adrián Carrusca (4:3) missed. SPFC 4 3 CELP. Referee: Carlos Luis Chandia Alarcón <b>...</b>
http://wn.com/São_Paulo_x_Estudiantes__Libertadores_2006__Decisão_por_penaltis__19/07/2006
Kiss Sao Paulo Brazil 1994 - Black Diamond
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:25
- Published: 18 Jan 2008
- Uploaded: 17 Dec 2011
- Author: 74BlackDiamond74
Black Diamond Live At The Estadio Do Pacaembu, Sao Paulo Brazil 1994.
http://wn.com/Kiss_Sao_Paulo_Brazil_1994__Black_Diamond
Brazil, Sao Paulo City
Sao Paulo is the largest city in Brazil with a population nearest to 21,00000. It is the capital of the Southeastern state of Sao Paulo, and also a beehive of activity that offers a jovial nightlife and an intense cultural experience. Sao Paulo is one of the richest cities in the southern hemisphere.
http://wn.com/Brazil,_Sao_Paulo_City
Hair & Makeup - Cia Maritima Sao Paulo FW Hair & Make-Up Backstage Spring 2011 | FashionTV - FTV.com
New York Fashion Week on fashiontv FTV.com Cia Maritima Sao Paulo Fashion Week Hair & Make-Up Backstage Spring 2011 Music Info Title: TBC See more @ facebook.com FTV.com
http://wn.com/Hair_Makeup__Cia_Maritima_Sao_Paulo_FW_Hair_Make-Up_Backstage_Spring_2011_|_FashionTV__FTVcom
Kiss Sao Paulo Brazil 1994 - Creatures Of The Night
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:23
- Published: 07 Jan 2008
- Uploaded: 23 Dec 2011
- Author: 74BlackDiamond74
Creatures Of The Night Live At The Estadio Do Pacaembu, Sao Paulo Brazil 1994.
http://wn.com/Kiss_Sao_Paulo_Brazil_1994__Creatures_Of_The_Night
São Paulo 1 x 0 Liverpool
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:27
- Published: 18 Jul 2008
- Uploaded: 28 Dec 2011
- Author: saopaulochannel
São Paulo x Liverpool
http://wn.com/São_Paulo_1_x_0_Liverpool
Silverchair - Emotion Sickness (Live @ Sao Paulo 2003)
Emotion Sickness live @ Sao Paulo 2003. This is the best version of the song.
http://wn.com/Silverchair__Emotion_Sickness_Live_@_Sao_Paulo_2003
"Territory" - SEPULTURA live in Sao Paulo 96'
Max Cavalera -- vocals,rhythm guitar Andreas Kisser -- lead guitar Paulo Jr. -- bass Igor Cavalera -- drums LYRICS: Unknown man Speaks to the world Sucking your trust A trap in every world War for territory War for territory Choice control Behind propaganda Poor information To manage your anger War for territory War for territory Dictators' speech Blasting off your life Rule to kill the urge Dumb assholes' speech Years of fighting Teaching my son To believe in that man Racist human being Racist ground will live Shame and regret Of the pride You've once possessed War for territory War for territory
http://wn.com/Territory__SEPULTURA_live_in_Sao_Paulo_96'
Lucas 2011 São Paulo FC - Highlights
www.videosdefutebol.com.br - Vídeo em homenagem a nova revelação são paulina e brasileira, Lucas Rodrigues Moura da Silva. The new brazilian young star. São Paulo's player. Highlights, skills, goals, dribbling, best moments.
http://wn.com/Lucas_2011_São_Paulo_FC__Highlights
100 gol de Rogério Ceni São Paulo 2 x 1 Corinthians - Campeonato Paulista 2011 27/03/2011
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:18
- Published: 27 Mar 2011
- Uploaded: 28 Dec 2011
- Author: canalzikeira
Goooooool do São Paulo!!!!!!!! Rogério Ceni cobra precisamente no ângulo direito de Julio César, e chega ao 100º gol de sua carreira com a camisa do São Paulo.
http://wn.com/100_gol_de_Rogério_Ceni_São_Paulo_2_x_1_Corinthians__Campeonato_Paulista_2011_27/03/2011
photo: AP / Nelson Antoine
21 Dec 2011
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| Coordinates | 28°36′50″N77°12′32″N |
|---|---|
| Name | São Paulo |
| Settlement type | Municipality |
| Official name | Município de São PauloMunicipality of São Paulo |
| |image skyline | Montagem São Paulo.jpg |
| Nickname | Terra da Garoa (Land of Drizzle) and Sampa |
| Image seal | Brasao SaoPaulo SaoPaulo Brasil.svg |
| Motto | "Non ducor, duco"(Latin)"I am not led, I lead" |
| Pushpin map | Brazil |
| Pushpin map size | 250 |
| Pushpin map caption | Location in Brazil |
| Coordinates display | inline, title |
| Coordinates region | BR |
| Subdivision type | Country |
| Subdivision type1 | Region |
| Subdivision type2 | State |
| Subdivision name | |
| Subdivision name1 | Southeast |
| Subdivision name2 | |
| Leader title | Mayor |
| Leader name | Gilberto Kassab (Democrats) |
| Established title | Founded |
| Established date | 1554 |
| Area magnitude | 1 E9 |
| Area total km2 | 1522.986 |
| Population as of | 2010 |
| Population metro | 19,672,582 |
| Area metro km2 | 7943.818 |
| Population total | 11.244.369 (1st) |
| Population density km2 | 7216.3 |
| Population density metro km2 | 2469.35 |
| Population demonym title | Demonym |
| Population demonym | Paulistano |
| Timezone | UTC-3 |
| Utc offset | -3 |
| Timezone dst | UTC-2 |
| Utc offset dst | -2 |
| Coordinates type | type:city |
| Latns | S |
| Coordinates | 23°33′″N46°38′″N |
| Longew | W |
| Elevation m | 760 |
| Elevation ft | 2493.4 |
| Postal code type | Postal Code (CEP) |
| Postal code | 01000-000 |
| Website | City of São Paulo |
| maxtemp | 24 |
| mintemp | 15 |
| rainfall | 1486 |
| Footnotes | }} |
São Paulo (, Saint Paul; ) is the largest city in Brazil, the largest city in the southern hemisphere, and the world's eighth largest city by population. The city is anchor to the São Paulo metropolitan area, ranked as the second-most populous metropolitan area in the Americas and among the five-largest metropolitan areas on the planet. São Paulo is the capital of the state of São Paulo, the most populous Brazilian state and exerts strong regional influence in commerce and finance as well as arts and entertainment. São Paulo maintains strong international influence and is considered an Alpha – World City. The name of the city honors Saint Paul.
The metropolis has significant influence nationally and internationally, in terms of culture, economy and politics. It houses several important monuments, parks and museums such as the Latin American Memorial, the Museum of the Portuguese Language, São Paulo Museum of Art, the Ibirapuera Park and the Paulista Avenue, which is the most important financial center of São Paulo. The city holds many high profile events, like the São Paulo Art Biennial, the Brazil Grand Prix Formula 1 Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo Fashion Week, and the São Paulo Indy 300.
It is home to the São Paulo Stock Exchange, the Future Markets, and the Cereal Market Stock Exchanges (the second largest stock exchange in the World, in market value). São Paulo has been home to several of the tallest buildings in Brazil, including the building Mirante do Vale, Italia, Altino Arantes, North Tower of the UNSCOM (United Nations Centre Enterprise) and many others.
People from the city of São Paulo are known as paulistanos, while paulistas designates anyone from the whole of São Paulo state, including the paulistanos. The city's Latin motto, which it has shared with the battleship and the aircraft carrier named after it, is Non dvcor, dvco, which translates as "I am not led, I lead."
The city, which is also colloquially known as "Sampa" or "Cidade da Garoa" (city of drizzle), is also known for its unreliable weather, the size of its helicopter fleet, architecture, gastronomy, and multitude of skyscrapers.
History
The first coastal settlement in Brazil, São Vicente was founded in 1532. It was the first permanent Portuguese colony in the New World. Twenty two years later the Tibiriçá Chief and Jesuit missionaries Manuel da Nóbrega and José de Anchieta founded the village of São Paulo dos Campos de Piratininga inland from São Vicente, on January 25, 1554. The clergymen established a mission at the Colégio de São Paulo de Piratininga, aimed at converting the Tupi–Guarani indigenous Brazilians to the Catholic faith, as well as make it easier for the Portuguese crown to rule them. Anchieta is said to have killed a native, which brings a degree of protest from Indian rights groups against his canonization by the Vatican. The Jesuits were later also often at odds with the Portuguese authorities, mainly the Marquês de Pombal, who eventually expelled them from Brazil for protecting converted natives in their missions. Located just beyond the Serra do Mar cliffs, above the port city of Santos, and close to the Tietê River, the new settlement became the natural entrance from the South East coast to the vast and fertile high plateau to the West that would eventually become the richest Brazilian state.São Paulo officially became a city in 1711. In the 19th century, it experienced economic prosperity brought about through coffee exports shipped from the neighboring city of Santos.
After the abolition of slavery in 1888, waves of immigrants from Portugal, Italy, Spain and other European countries emigrated to São Paulo in order to "bleach the race," as Luso-Brazilian authorities feared Brazil's black population would grow far more than other groups. These Europeans were granted lands as incentives to immigrate and some worked in an indentured fashion at coffee plantations. Newcomers and their descendants ended up "making the America," as they said in Italian and Portuguese, and some of Brazil's greatest entrepreneurs have Italian, Portuguese, and German last names such as Mattarazzo, Diniz, and Mueller.
By the beginning of the 20th century, the coffee cycle had plummeted due to, among other factors, a sharp decline in international coffee prices. With the Wall Street Crash of 1929, coffee barons started losing their influence and status. The Paulistan economy looked for other alternatives such as sugar cane and the production of alcohol. With the difficulties brought about by World War II, when industrialized items had difficultly reaching Brazil, and following the national incipient trend of import-substitution, São Paulo began industrializing for domestic consumption. Brazil already showed a pattern of huge importation of most fashionable and manufactured products from Europe, which was maintained well into the late 20th century, and created huge trade deficits despite substantial coffee and sugar exports.
Local entrepreneurs then started investing in the industrial development of São Paulo, attracting new contingents of immigrants to the city, mainly Italians. In addition to Europeans, Japanese and Syrian and Lebanese immigrants arrived in large numbers in the first half of the 20th century. Along the 20th century, the booming economy of the city also attracted huge waves of migrants from the poorest regions in Brazil, such as the Northeast. São Paulo maintained a high economic growth rate through the 1920s, driven by interrelated streams of immigration, rapid industrialization, and investment. In the early 1920s the Sampaio Moreira Building reached an unprecedented 14 stories, and by the end of the decade the Martinelli Building attained more than twice that height. Growing fleets of automobiles and diesel buses allowed hordes of service workers to commute from their outlying homes to jobs in the city center.
However, due to competition with many other Brazilian cities, which sometimes offer tax advantages for companies to locate manufacturing plants there, São Paulo's main economic activities have gradually left its industrial profile in favour of the services industry in the late 20th century. The city is home to a large number of local and international banking offices, law firms, multinational companies and consumer services. Although a modern face had emerged in São Paulo's better areas by the 1930s, larger portions were basically unchanged. São Paulo had lacked any city plan before 1889, and no zoning law was passed until 1972. Indeed, well into the 20th century much of the city retained a colonial aspect, with narrow unpaved streets, shabby buildings, and a few old churches of Jesuit and Franciscan styles.
In 1924 the city was bombed during the Tenente revolts. Between 1920 and 1940 the population more than doubled, reaching 1.3 million. Although Rio de Janeiro had itself grown spectacularly during this period, São Paulo trailed it by only 460,000 inhabitants and would leapfrog ahead within two decades. During 1939–45 the engineer-mayor Francisco Prestes Maia built the multilane Avenida 9 de Julho and widened numerous other streets despite resistance from displaced residents. By 1947 the new star of São Paulo's skyline was the São Paulo State Bank building, and, starting with the Mário de Andrade Municipal Library, the city's architecture moved beyond the short period of Art Deco design. By 1950 São Paulo had grown to a metropolis of 2.2 million compared to Rio's 2.4 million, but a decade later São Paulo led with 3.7 million to Rio's 3.3 million, thus solidifying its reputation as one of the world's most dynamic urban centres. Famed architect Oscar Niemeyer was lured from Rio to design the sinuous curves of the Copan Building, and the Itália Building became its towering neighbour. The highly imaginative São Paulo Art Museum (begun in 1956 and completed in 1968) was built over the juncture of Avenida 9 de Julho and eight-lane Avenida Paulista.
In the 1960s São Paulo came to include almost half of the population of the State of São Paulo (Brazil's most populous state) and to account for about one-third of the country's total industrial employment. Because automobiles were becoming a São Paulo family staple, expressways were built along the canalized Tietê and Pinheiros rivers in 1967, and the Bandeirantes expressway provided access to the city center. Highway expansion continues to be an ongoing process because the roads running alongside the rivers are among the heaviest used in the country. However, no amount of highway construction and street widening could more than briefly alleviate the intolerable traffic congestion. Construction of a subway system was begun in the late 1960s in hopes of improving the situation, and new subway lines continue to be expanded and added and enhanced.
Despite its many woes, São Paulo remains a business hub of Latin America. Having prospered first with the coffee industry, and later with industrialization, in the early 21st century it expanded into the tertiary, or services sector. Its huge market (about 20 million people in greater São Paulo) is a magnet for multinational corporations. Thanks to events such as the Feira Bienal Internacional de Arte, and its reputation for hosting cutting-edge music concerts, it has become something of a cultural center as well. Economic growth and exportation of goods has lifted employment and wages. The murder rate has dropped by almost a quarter since its peak.
The historic center profited with the return of the city's government and the arrival of private universities, although businesses continue to move out to new boom neighborhoods such as Itaim and Berrini. São Paulo also claims to attract more visitors (mostly, but no longer exclusively, on business) than Rio de Janeiro, testimony of the intense rivalry between the two metropolises.
Geography
Physical setting
São Paulo is located in Southeastern Brazil, in southeastern São Paulo State, approximately halfway between Curitiba (Capital of Paraná State, previously part of São Paulo State) and Rio de Janeiro (former capital of Brazil and now capital of the State which bears the same name). The city is located on a plateau located within the Serra do Mar (Portuguese for "Sea Range"), itself a component of the vast region known as the Brazilian Highlands, with an average elevation of around above sea level, although being at a distance of only about from the Atlantic Ocean. This distance is covered by two highways, the Anchieta and the Imigrantes, (see "Transportation" section below) that roll down the range, leading to the port city of Santos and the beach resort of Guarujá. Rolling terrain prevails within the urbanized areas of São Paulo except in the northern area of the city, where the Serra da Cantareira Range boasts higher elevations and a sizable remnant of the Atlantic Rain Forest. The entire region is very stable tectonically, and no significant seismic activity has ever been recorded.
The Tietê River, and its tributary, the Pinheiros River, were once important sources of fresh water and leisure for São Paulo. However, heavy industrial effluents and wastewater discharges in the later 20th century caused the rivers to become heavily polluted. A substantial clean-up program for both rivers is underway, financed through a partnership between local government and international development banks such as the Japan Bank for International Cooperation. Neither river is navigable in the stretch that flows through the city, although water transportation becomes increasingly important on the Tietê river further downstream (towards South, near river Paraná), as the river is part of the River Plate basin.
There are no large natural lakes in the region, but the Billings and Guarapiranga reservoirs in the southern outskirts of the city are used for power generation, water storage, and leisure activities, such as sailing. The original flora consisted mainly of a great variety of broadleaf evergreens. Today, non-native species are common, as the mild climate and abundant rainfall permit a multitude of tropical, subtropical and temperate plants to be cultivated, with eucalyptus being especially ubiquitous.
Climate
The city has a monsoon-influenced humid subtropical climate (Cfa), according to the Köppen classification. In summer, temperatures are between and , and on the hottest days. In winter, are between and , and . on the coldest days. The highest temperature recorded was November 15, 1985. and the lowest recorded was on August 2, 1955, and on the same day was recorded unofficially. The average temperatures throughout the year are similar to those of Sydney and Los Angeles. The Tropic of Capricorn, at about 23°27' S, passes through north of São Paulo and roughly marks the boundary between the tropical and temperate areas of South America. Because of its elevation, however, São Paulo enjoys a distinctly temperate climate.Rainfall is abundant, amounting to an annual average of . It is especially common in the warmer months average of , and decreases in winter, average of . Neither São Paulo nor the nearby coast has ever been hit by a tropical cyclone, and tornadic activity is uncommon. Snow flurries were reported officially only once, on June 25, 1918. During late winter, especially August, the city experiences the phenomenon known as "veranico" or "verãozinho" ("little summer"), which consists of a bout of unusually hot and dry weather, sometimes reaching temperatures well above . On the other hand, relatively cool days during summer are fairly common when persistent winds blow from the ocean. On such occasions daily high temperatures may not surpass , accompanied by lows often below .
Law and government
São Paulo's most recent mayors were:
| ! Mayor | ! Entry in | ! Left Office in | ! Political Party |
| Gilberto Kassab | 2006 | – | |
| José Serra | 2005 | 2006 | |
| Marta Suplicy | 2001 | 2004 | |
| Celso Pitta | 1997 | 2000 | |
| Paulo Maluf | 1993 | 1996 | |
| Luiza Erundina | 1989 | 1992 | |
| Jânio Quadros | 1986 | 1988 | |
| Mário Covas | 1983 | 1985 |
Metropolitan region
The nonspecific term "Grande São Paulo" ("Greater São Paulo") denotes any of São Paulo's metropolitan area definitions. The legally defined Região Metropolitana de São Paulo consists of 39 municipalities in total, and a population of 19,683,975 inhabitants (as of 2010 National Census).Because São Paulo is sprawling like Los Angeles, it has another definition for its metropolitan area. Analogous to the US's CSA (Combined Statistical Area) type definition of metropolitan area, it is the third largest city in the world with 27 million inhabitants (Complexo Metropolitano Expandido), behind Tokyo and Jakarta, which includes 2 contiguous legally defined metropolitan regions, and 3 microregions.
Subdivisions
The city of São Paulo is divided into 31 subprefectures (), each in turn divided into 96 districts. Locally, districts may contain one or more neighborhoods (). The subprefectures are officially grouped into nine regions (or "zones"), taking into account their geographical position and history of occupation. These regions are used only in technical and governmental agencies and are not identified by any visual communication in the city. There is also a geographic radial division established in 2007 by the mayor Gilberto Kassab. These geographical areas (historical downtown, extended downtown, north, south, east, west, northeast, northwest, southeast and southwest) are each identified with a distinct color in the buses and in the street plaques. These have no relationship with the subprefectures and districts, and, in some cases, the same district may be in two or more geographic regions.
Demographics
São Paulo is the most ethnically diverse city in Brazil. At the end of the traffic of enslaved Africans in the country (1850), São Paulo started to replace the African manpower with immigrants in the coffee plantations. The pioneer in this new project was senator Nicolau Vergueiro, who brought German, Swiss and Portuguese individuals to work in his own properties. The next waves of immigrants contained Italians and Portuguese from the mid-19th century until the turn of the century. These were far more adaptable to coffee cultivation and became over time the largest immigrant communities in the state of São Paulo.
After the abolition of slavery (1888), São Paulo received increasingly large numbers of European immigrants, most of them coming from Italy, followed by Portugal and Spain. In 1897, Italians were over half of the city's population. Portuguese, Spaniards, Germans, Japanese, Jews and Christian Syrian-Lebanese also came in significant numbers. From 1908 to 1941, many Japanese immigrants arrived. In the 1960s, Chinese and Koreans started arriving. In the mid-20th century, many from the drought-stricken Northeastern Brazil started to migrate to São Paulo. Nowadays, the city witness a large wave of Bolivian migration.
| +São Paulo City in 1886 | |
| Immigrants !! Percentage of immigrants in foreign born population | |
| Italians | 47,9% |
| 29,3% | |
| Germans | 9,9% |
| Spanish | 3,2% |
A French observer, travelling to São Paulo at the time, noted that there was a division of the capitalist class, by nationality [...] Germans,French, and Italians shared the dry goods sector with Brazilians. Foodstuffs was generally the province of either Portuguese or Brazilians, except for bakery and pastry which was the domain of the French and Germans. Shoes and tinware were mostly controlled by Italians. However, the larger metallurgical plants were in the hands of the English and the Americans. [...] Italians outnumbered Brazilians two to one in São Paulo .
Until 1920, 1,078,437 Italians entered in the State of São Paulo. Of the immigrants who arrived there between 1887 and 1902, 63.5% came from Italy. Between 1888 and 1919, 44.7% of the immigrants were Italians, 19.2% were Spaniards and 15.4% were Portuguese. In 1920, nearly 80% of São Paulo city's population was composed of immigrants and their descendants, and Italians made up over half of its male population. At that time, the Governor of São Paulo said that "if the owner of each house in São Paulo display the flag of the country of origin on the roof, from above São Paulo would look like an Italian city". In 1900, a columnist who was absent from São Paulo for 20 years wrote "then São Paulo used to be a genuine Paulista city, today it is an Italian city."
| +São Paulo City | ||
| Year !! Italians !! Percentage of the City | ||
| 1886 | 5.717 | 13% |
| 1893 | 45.457 | |
| 1900 | 75.000 | |
| 1910 | 130.000 | |
| 1916 | 187.540 |
A research conducted by the University of São Paulo (USP) shows the high ethnical diversity in the city: when asked if they are "descendants of foreign immigrants", 81% of the students reported "yes". The main reported ancestries were: Italian (30.5%), Portuguese (23%), Spanish (14%), Japanese (8%), German (5.6%), Brazilian (4.3%), African (2.8%), Arab (2.4%) and Jewish (1.2%).
Since the 19th century there is a migration of people from Northeastern Brazil into São Paulo. However, this internal migration grew enormously in the 1930s and remained huge in the next decades. The concentration of land, modernization in rural areas, changes in work relationships and cycles of droughts stimulated the high migration rate. The Northeastern migrants live mainly in hazardous and unhealthy areas of the city, in cortiços, in various slums (favelas) of the metropolis, because they are cheaper housing alternatives. According to the 2000 Brazilian Census, there were 3,641,148 people from Northeastern Brazil living in São Paulo, about 20% of the city's population. According to another resource, the largest concentration of Northeastern migrants was found in the area of Sé/Brás (districts of Brás, Bom Retiro, Cambuci, Pari and Sé). In this area they composed 41% of the population.
Today, the city has the largest community of Italian and Portuguese descendants.
As in all of Brazil, people of different ethnicities mix with each other, producing a multi-ethnic society. Today, people of many different ethnicities make São Paulo their home. The main groups, considering all the metropolitan area, are: 6 million people of Italian descent, 3 million people of Portuguese descent, 1.7 million people of African descent, 1 million people of Arab descent, 665,000 people of Japanese descent, 400,000 people of German descent, 120,000 people of Chinese descent, 40,000 Jews, 60,000 Bolivian immigrants, 150,000 people of Greek descent, 250,000 people of French descent and 50,000 people of Korean descent.
Racially, São Paulo (city, not the metropolitan area) is made up of 70% White, 22% Mixed-race (Brown), 4% Black, 3.9% Asian and 0.1% Amerindian.
Religion
thumb|right|São Paulo Cathedral in Downtown São Paulo.| Religion | Percentage | Number |
| Catholic | 73.11% | 7,107,261 |
| 15.94% | 1,663,131 | |
| 8.97% | 936,474 | |
| 2.75% | 286,600 | |
| 0.65% | 67,591 | |
| Umbanda and Candomblé | 0.46% | 48,400 |
| Jewish | 0.36% | 37,500 |
Languages
The language spoken by the vast majority of the population is Portuguese. Due to the large influx of Italian immigrants, the Portuguese spoken in the city reflects a significant influence from the languages of the Italian peninsula, particularly from Neapolitan and Venetian.Italian dialects are mixed with the countryside Caipira accent of São Paulo. Some linguists maintain that the São Paulo dialect of Portuguese was born in Mooca, a neighborhood settled in the early 20th century mainly by people from Naples, Southern Italy.
The Italian influence in the accent of the inhabitants of São Paulo is more evident in the traditional Italian neighborhoods such as Bexiga, Mooca, Brás and Barra Funda. The Italianism came from the contact of Italian with the Portuguese language and since it is an old influence, it was assimilated or disappeared in the spoken language of the city. In 2009, a councilman from São Paulo, Juscelino Gadelha, presented a project designed to transform Mooca's accent on "intangible property" of the city of São Paulo and then protected by law. If approved, the accent of people from Mooca will be preserved on recordings and transcripts. The local accent with Italian influences became notorious through the songs of Adoniran Barbosa, a Brazilian samba singer born to Italian parents who used to sing using the local accent.
Other languages spoken in the city are mainly among the Asian community: Liberdade neighborhood is home to the largest Japanese population outside of Japan. Although today most Japanese Brazilians can speak only Portuguese, some of them are still fluent in Japanese. Some people of Chinese and Korean descent are still able to speak their ancestral languages. However, most of the Brazilian-born generations only speak Portuguese.
Statistics
Vehicles: 7,081,778 (June 2011)
Economy
thumb|right|Villa Daslu, temple for high-luxury consumerism at the capitalSão Paulo is the 10th richest city in the world, and is expected to be the 6th richest in 2025. According to data of IBGE, its gross domestic product (GDP) in 2006 was R$ 282,852,338,000, equivalent to approximately 12.26% of the Brazilian GDP and 36% of all production of goods and services of the State of São Paulo. According to PricewaterhouseCoopers annual economic growth of the city is 4.2%.
The biggest financial center in Brazil, São Paulo's economy is going through a deep transformation. Once a city with a strong industrial character, São Paulo's economy has become increasingly based on the tertiary sector, focusing on services and businesses for the country. The city is also unique among Brazilian cities for its large number of foreign corporations. Many analysts point to São Paulo as an important global city, even though this categorization can be criticised considering its serious problems of social exclusion and spatial segregation. Despite being the most important financial centre of the country, São Paulo also presents a high degree of informality in its economy.
São Paulo has the largest concentration of German businesses worldwide and also considered the largest Swedish industrial hub alongside Gothenburg.
In 2005, the city of São Paulo collected R$ 90 billion in taxes, and the city budget was R$ 15 billion. The city has 1,500 bank branches. There are 70 shopping malls. 63% of all the international companies with business in Brazil have their head offices in São Paulo. The São Paulo Stock Exchange (BM&F; Bovespa) is Brazil's official stock and bonds exchange. The BM&F; Bovespa is the largest stock exchange in Latin America where about R$ 6 billion (US$ 3.5 billion) are traded every day. The per capita income for the city was R$ 32,493 (2008).
According to Mercer's 2011 city rankings of cost of living for expatriate employees, São Paulo is now among the ten most expensive cities in the world, ranking in 10th place in 2011, up from the 21st position in 2010, and ahead of London, Paris, Milan, and New York City.
Science and technology
The city of São Paulo is home to several important Research and Development structures in Latin America, and has been attracting a growing number of companies due to the presence of several regionally renowned universities. The system of science, technology and innovation of São Paulo is leveraged by the allocation of funds from the state government, mainly carried out by means of the Foundation to Research Support in the State of São Paulo (Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo – Fapesp), one of the main agencies of promotion of the scientific and technological research of the country.
Luxury Goods
The luxury market in São Paulo is concentrated in the called 'luxury quadrilateral' whose vertices are the Cidade Jardim Mall, the area of Oscar Freire Street, the Iguatemi São Paulo Mall and the department store Daslu and JK Iguatemi Mall, scheduled to open in March 2012, in the neighborhood Vila Olímpia.
Sales of luxury goods in Brazil amounted to 8.9 billion dollars in 2010, according to GfK Brazil, of which 70% of luxury goods are sold in São Paulo City and 95% of sales in the city are represented by 'luxury quadrilateral'. The Cidade Jardim mall, is a high-end mall, in Jardim Panorama, Morumbi district, with restaurants, cinemas, and boutiques, including Carolina Herrera, Chanel, Ermenegildo Zegna, Giorgio Armani, Hermès, Longchamp, Montblanc, Rolex, Salvatore Ferragamo, Tiffany & Co., Louis Vuitton, Jimmy Choo, Emilio Pucci, Alexandre de Paris and Daslu department store. The Italian Prada, Fendi, Canali, Balmain, D&G;, Tod's, the Argentinian brands Etiqueta Negra and La Martina, the English Issa London, the French Twins for Peace, flagships of Dior, Gucci, Cartier and the new store of Chanel, a flagship store, will be installed at the mall in 2011 and in 2012. Louis Vuitton will have a new store, a global store with . According to the newspaper Folha de S. Paulo, the store will be one of six major brand stores.
The Iguatemi Faria Lima, in Faria Lima Avenue, is the Brazil's oldest mall, opened in 1966. It is considered the 11th most expensive shopping area in the world, according to Cushman & Wakefield. Among the more than 30 international luxury brands are Burberry, Emporio Armani, Hugo Boss, Chanel, Bang & Olufsen, Bvlgari, D&G;, Diane von Fürstenberg, Gucci, Missoni, Christian Louboutin, Salvatore Ferragamo, Louis Vuitton, Ermenegildo Zegna, Max Mara, Baccarat, Swatch, Tiffany & Co. and Swarovski. The Oscar de la Renta, Bottega Veneta, Marc Jacobs, Tod's and TopShop will be installed at the mall in 2011 and 2012.
In Vila Olímpia neighborhood, is the Villa Daslu departament store. With 20 thousand square meters sells about 330 national and international luxury brands, as Valentino, Ermenegildo Zegna, Gucci, Dolce & Gabbana, Blumarine, Oscar de la Renta, Givenchy, Balmain, Manolo Blahnik, Chloé, Missoni, Moschino, Alexander McQueen, Karl Lagerfeld, BCBG Max Azria, DKNY, Paul Smith, Louis Vuitton, Tom Ford, Goyard, Sergio Rossi and Salvatore Ferragamo. In the surrounding area, is being built a future high-end mall JK Iguatemi, which will have brands such as Versace, Balenciaga, Nicole Miller, Gucci, Chanel, Ermenegildo Zegna, Longchamp, Tod's, Yves Saint Laurent, TopShop/TopMan, Louis Vuitton, Burberry, Lanvin, Miu Miu, Diane von Fürstenberg, Goyard, Polo Ralph Lauren and Daslu.
The Jardins neighborhood, is the most sophisticated area of the city. In this neighborhood is located the best restaurants and hotels of the São Paulo City.
In Jardins are Ferrari, Aston Martin, Bentley, BMW, Bugatti, Maserati, Lamborghini, Jaguar, Volvo, Porsche, Mercedes-Benz, Pagani, Land Rover and Audi dealerships; hotels as Tivoli, Porto Bay, Fasano, Emiliano, Renaissance and Unique; and one of the best restaurants in the world as D.O.M. and Fasano. In the Oscar Freire street and nearby streets as Haddock Lobo and Bela Cintra are the best brands of the Brazil and the world, include Bang & Olufsen, Bvlgari, Calvin Klein, Cartier, Dior, Emporio Armani, Ermenegildo Zegna, Giorgio Armani, Louis Vuitton, Marc Jacobs, Marina Rinaldi, Max Mara, Montblanc, Roberto Cavalli, Salvatore Ferragamo, Tommy Hilfiger and Versace.
Outside the 'luxury quadrilateral', is the Brooklin CBD. In this neighborhood are some of the city's best hotels as the Hilton Hotel, Sheraton Hotels and Hyatt, as other exclusive mall, the Morumbi Shopping. Other regions of the city also have luxury trade as Jardim Anália Franco (East Zone), Higienópolis (Central Zone), Alto de Santana (North Zone), Alto de Pinheiros (West Zone), Moema/Vila Nova Conceição (South Zone) and Alphaville (Barueri municipality, Greater São Paulo).
Urban planning
Sao Paulo has a history of actions, projects and plans related to urban planning and urban planning that can be traced to the government of Antonio da Silva Prado, Baron Duprat, Washington and completed by Luis Francisco Prestes Maia. However, in general, the city was formed during the twentieth century, going from village to metropolis, through a series of informal processes and irregular urban sprawl. Thus, differs considerably from Sao Paulo Brazilian cities like Belo Horizonte and Goiânia, whose initial expansion followed determinations by a plan and a unique urban project, or a city like Brasília, whose master plan had been fully designed prior to construction of the city.Moreover, the succession of peripheral settlements and the processes of rehabilitation and reconstruction of tissues already present, common in the city throughout its evolution, was possibly accompanied by urban plans that tried to sort the second planning guidelines informal logic of the constitution itself city. If the first interventions Prado punctual and Theodore had such plans sought, either sectorally integrated and sometimes isolated, setting standards to be followed in the production of new urban spaces and regulation of the above.
The historical effectiveness of such plans to comply with what they apparently were proposed, however, has been attributed by some planners and historians as diverse as questionable. On the other hand, some of these same scholars argue that such plans were produced exclusively for the benefit of the wealthier strata of the population while the working classes would be relegated to the traditional informal processes. In Sao Paulo until the mid-1950s, the plans submitted to the city even had a character Haussmann, or were based on the idea of "demolish and rebuild." May be cited as the plans submitted by former Mayor Prestes Maia Sao Paulo for the roads (known as the Avenues Plan) or by Saturnino de Brito for the Tietê River.
In 1968 the Urban Development Plan is proposed that would unfold in the Basic Plan for Integrated Development of São Paulo, developed during the administration of Figueiredo Ferraz. The main result has been what has become known as zoning laws and lasted until 2004 when he was replaced by current Master Plan. That zoning, adopted in 1972, we noted a clear protection calls Z1 (definition of areas whose use was residential and was designed exclusively for the elite of the city) and a certain vagueness of most of the city, classified as Z3 (loosely regulated as "mixed zone" but without clearer definitions about their characteristics). Thus, such zoning encouraged the growth of suburbs equipped for building low feedback processes coupled with speculation while valued regions in which it is allowed to build tall buildings.
Events
The city of Sao Paulo hosts approximately 90 thousand events every year, featuring arts, business, fashion and beyond. There are some Web sites and magazines specialising in the cultural events in the city, including the Agenda Cultural de São Paulo (São Paulo's Cultural Calendar).
São Paulo Art Bienal
The São Paulo Art Biennial is a cultural event hosted in town every two years. Almost 1 million people visited the 26th Biennial in 2004. Its theme was chosen to enable a wide range of artistic positions to feel comfortable. In addition, to an intensification of the North-South dialogue inside Brazil, the Bienal's aims include the promoting of links between non-European cultures along a South-South orientation.
São Paulo Fashion Week
São Paulo Fashion Week, established in 1996 under the name Morumbi Fashion Brasil, is the largest and most important fashion event in Latin America.Brazil first entered the international fashion circuit with the increasing reputation of famous Brazilian top models such as Isabeli Fontana, Adriana Lima, Gisele Bündchen, Alessandra Ambrosio, Fernanda Tavares, Ana Beatriz Barros, Izabel Goulart, Brenda Costa, Ana Hickmann, and Evandro Soldati, and the "discovery" of some fresh talents such as Alexandre Herchcovitch by some international fashion magazines.
São Paulo Gay Pride Parade
The first São Paulo Gay Pride Parade took place in 1997, making São Paulo's version quite recent in comparison to those in New York, San Francisco and Sydney which originated in the 1970s. The event is a tourist draw for the city, attracting about 1.5 million people to Paulista Avenue in 2006. It is opened by the city's mayor, running along the avenue, accompanied by several Trio Elétricos. The last parade, held on June 6, 2010, attracted about 3 million people according to official numbers, given by the Polícia Militar. The Parade is an annual event, taking place in June, which aims to increase the visibility and social awareness of the community, as well as agitating against discrimination and in favor of positive legislation for homosexuals, bisexuals, transvestites and transsexuals. Since its 7th year, the Parade has become associated with a wider month long cultural program, lasting at least a month.
March for Jesus
The March for Jesus is an Evangelical parade that takes place on Corpus Christi Thursday every year in Zona Norte, or North Side. It is organized by Renascer em Cristo Church, a Neo-Pentecostal denomination created in the 1980s which has grown significantly in the first decade of the 21st century. In 2006, more than 2 million people took part in the event, according to official estimates. Evangelicals from across Brazil go to São Paulo on the holiday in June for the march, as live Christian bands lead the way. The annual march, organized by evangelical churches, features concerts with 30 Christian bands carried on 17 flatbed trucks performing live as participants march through Brazil's financial capital.
International Transport Industry Show
The Salão Internacional da Indústria do Transporte (FENATRAN) is held in São Paulo in the Park Anhembi, every two years and usually in October. It is a major event presenting new trends for the industry related to transport, such as truck manufacturers, components for vehicles, fuel, motors and services for the industry, such as financial and insurance companies.
International Film Festival
The São Paulo International Film Festival is a film festival held annually in São Paulo, Brazil since 1976. It is one of the most important Brazilian film festival along with Rio Film Festival and Brasilia National Film Festival.
Electronic Language International Festival
The Electronic Language International Festival is a non-profit cultural organization, whose purpose is to disseminate and to develop arts, technologies and scientific research, by means of exhibitions, debates, lectures, and courses. The festival promotes a yearly meeting in Brazil, in the city of São Paulo.
Festival of Electronic Art
Every two years, Associação Cultural Videobrasil's International Electronic Art Festival brings works by artists from all over the world to São Paulo. In keeping with the constant transformations in media and support, the curatorship has added installations, performances, VJs, CD-ROM art, and Internet art to the programme. Art shows, debates and meetings introduce new ideas and artwork, setting new guidelines for contemporary art in Brazil. Exhibitions featuring work by prominent electronic artists are also part of the Festival. Brazilian pioneers such as Rafael França and Olhar Eletrônico, and international guests such as Nam June Paik, Bill Viola and Gary Hill, have featured in the event's past editions. Each edition has a theme of its own.
Carnival
The Carnival of São Paulo is a traditional celebration carnival held every year in São Paulo. The parade of samba schools in São Paulo is the Anhembi Sambadrome, designed by renowned architect Oscar Niemeyer, who also designed the Sambadrome of the sambodrome in Rio de Janeiro. The Special Group parade of samba schools of São Paulo happens on Friday and Saturday of carnival week, schools that participated in the carnival in 2012.
Virada Cultural
Virada Cultural is an annual event held since 2005 by the Municipality of São Paulo, promoting 24 hours of non-stop cultural activities held during the month of May, every year, always starting on a Saturday night and ending on a Sunday afternoon. The event was inspired by the annual event named Nuit Blanche in Paris, with many cultural entertainment events throughout the night. The activities include music shows, dance shows, classical & orchestra presentations, theater plays, cinema, poetry, anime/comics fans meetings and acrobatic performances. The event takes place in several parts of the downtown area, as well as some cultural centers, clubs and selected schools. In 2010, according to São Paulo Municipality, the event attracted around 4 million people.
Miss Universe 2011
São Paulo will host the Miss Universe 2011 pageant.
Other Events
Education
Educational institutions
The city has several universities and colleges:
There are more than 578 universities in the whole state of São Paulo.
Educational system
São Paulo has a quite well developed system of primary and secondary, both public and private, and a variety of vocational-technical schools. More than nine-tenths of the population is literate, and roughly the same proportion of those age 7 to 14 are enrolled in school. Among the many institutions of higher, the largest and most esteemed is the state-supported University of São Paulo (USP), established in 1934, which incorporated the historic College of Law (Faculdade de Direito) in the old São Francisco Square. USP, as it is generally known, enrolls a very high proportion of Brazil's doctoral students and has spawned a wide variety of research institutes and policy centre. Affiliated institutions include the Butantan Institute, a world-famous centre for research on snakes and the production of toxins and antitoxins.The Pontifical Catholic University of São Paulo was established in 1946 and has earned an enviable reputation among the continent's private institutions of higher learning. Also of note among Greater São Paulo's many other public and private colleges and universities is the School of Business Administration of the Getúlio Vargas Foundation.
Health care
São Paulo is the largest health care hub in Latin America. Among its best hospitals are the Albert Einstein Israelites Hospital, ranked as the best in Latin America and the Hospital das Clínicas, the largest in the region. In the city In terms of public health facilities, the city is home to institutions from all the three levels of government, federal, state and municipal. The private health care sector is also very large, and most of the best hospitals in Brazil are located in the city. As of September 2009, the city of São Paulo had:
Municipal health
Public health facilities in charge of the municipal government are spread all over the city's territory, with a grand total of 770 basic health care units (UBS), ambulatory and emergency clinics, and 17 hospitals. The Municipal Secretary of Health has 59,000 employees, among them more than 8,000 physicians and 12,000 nurses. A population estimated in more than 6,000,000 citizens uses these facilities, which provide drugs at no cost, and manages an extensive family health program (PSF – Programa de Saúde da Família).The Rede São Paulo Saudável (Healthy São Paulo Network) is a satellite-based digital TV corporate channel, developed by the Municipal Health Secretary of São Paulo, with the goal of bringing programs focused on health promotion and health education, which may be watched by citizens seeking health care in its units in the city. The network consists of two complete TV studios, and a system for transmission of closed digital video in high definition via satellite, with about 1,400 points of reception in all health care units of the municipality of São Paulo.
Culture
Music
Adoniran Barbosa was a famous samba singer and composer who became successful during São Paulo's radio era. Born in 1912 in the town of Valinhos, Barbosa was known as the composer to the masses, particularly the Italian immigrants living in the quarters of Bela Vista, also known as "Bexiga" and Brás, as well as those who lived in the city's many cortiços or tenements. The topics of his songs are drawn from the life of urban workers, the unemployed and those who live on the edge. His first big hit was "Saudosa Maloca" ("Shanty of Fond Memories" – 1951), wherein three homeless friends recall with nostalgia their improvised shanty home, which was torn down by the landowner to make room for a building. In his Trem das Onze ("The 11 pm Train") 1964 record, which has been ranked one of the five best samba songs ever, the protagonist explains to his lover that he cannot stay any longer because he has to catch the last train to the Jaçanã suburb, for his mother will not sleep before he arrives. An old-school samba band called Demônios da Garoa still plays his songs in the traditional Bar Brahma venue on São João Avenue downtown. Another important musician with a similar style is Paulo Vanzoline. Vanzoline is a PhD in Biology and a part-time professional musician. He composed a song depicting a love murder scene in São Paulo called "Ronda".In the late 1960s, a psychedelic rock band called Os Mutantes led the way in the national avant garde music scene. Their success is sometimes related to that of other tropicalia musicians, but they also had a musical style and ideas of their own. They were regarded as very paulistanos in their behaviour and clothing. Os Mutantes released five albums together before lead singer Rita Lee departed in 1972 to form another group called Tutti-Frutti. Although almost exclusively known in Brazil at that time, Os Mutantes became quite successful abroad after the 1990s (a legend has it that a Brazilian young woman in an exchange programme in California forgot a Mutantes' vinyl record at her host home, and that helped make the band popular in that U.S. state). In 2000, Tecnicolor, an album recorded in the early 1970s in English by the band, was released with artwork designed by Sean Lennon. After the two oil price shocks in the 1970s, the country suffered from an economic recession during the 1980s, a phenomenon that was named the lost decade. The very repressive military government of the day did not help in any way the social situation. At the end of the military rule in the early 1980s, a band called Ultrage a Rigor (Elegant Intruder) emerged in the city. They played a simple and irreverent style of rock. The lyrics depicted the changes in society and culture that not only São Paulo but Brazilian society as a whole were experiencing at the time. A late punk and garage scene became strong in the 1980s, perhaps associated with the gloomy scenario of unemployment and few actual perspectives from the viewpoint of the youth. All of thriving musicians and artists waiting for their moment to come. Examples of bands originating from this movement include Ira!, Titãs, Ratos de Porão and Inocentes. In the 1990s, drum & bass became another musical movement in São Paulo, with artists such as DJ Marky, DJ Patife, XRS, Drumagick, and Fernanda Porto. Many heavy metal bands also originated in São Paulo, such as Angra, Torture Squad, Korzus and Dr. Sin. Many "alternative" cultures of São Paulo mingle at a small shopping mall dubbed Galeria do Rock (English: "Rock Gallery")on 24 de Maio Street, which includes shops which cater to a broad range of alternative niches. Famous alternative band Cansei de Ser Sexy, or CSS (Portuguese for "tired of being sexy") also came from São Paulo.
Classical music is also refined and renowned in the city. Many of the most important classical Brazilian composers who are still alive, like Amaral Vieira, Osvaldo Lacerda and Edson Zampronha, were born in and live in São Paulo. Local baritone Paulo Szot has won international acclaim and a Tony Award nomination for his performance in a 2008 revival of South Pacific. The São Paulo State Symphony is one of the outstanding orchestras in Latin America and in the world.
Music and Concert Halls
São Paulo's most important opera houses are: Sao Paulo Municipal Theater, Theatro São Pedro and Sala São Paulo, the latter being the headquarters of OSESP. The city also counts with several music halls. The main ones are: Credicard Hall, HSBC Music Hall, Olympia, Via Funchal, Villa Country, Carioca Club, Kezebre Rock Bar, Arena Anhembi and Espaco das Américas. Lots of bars and cultural centers also have stages for live performances, the soccer stadiums and the Sambadrome host musical presentations as well.
Literature
São Paulo was home to the first Jesuit missionaries in Brazil, in the early 16th century. They wrote reports to the Portuguese crown about the newly found land, the native peoples and composed pieces of poetry and music for the catechism. Among them were priests such as Manuel da Nóbrega and José de Anchieta, living in or near the colony then called Piratininga. They also helped to register the Old Tupi language, lexicon and its grammar.In 1922, the Brazilian Modernist Movement, launched in São Paulo, also began to achieve a similar cultural independence through different means. Brazil had gone through the same stages of development as the rest of Latin America, but its political and cultural independence came more gradually. The first emperor of Brazil, Pedro I, was a legitimate member of the royal Portuguese dynasty. Although he declared Brazil's independence from Portugal in 1822, the country remained under imperial rule and the dominance of the court in Rio de Janeiro until 1889.
With Brazil thus tied to Portuguese culture, Brazilian writers only little by little assumed responsibility for giving expression to their own landscape and ethnic mix of peoples. The presence of large numbers of former slaves added a distinctive African character to the culture. And subsequent infusions of immigrants of non-Portuguese origin, from different parts of Europe, helped the new nation to find its own voice and to use it. Mário de Andrade and Oswald de Andrade are the prototypical modernists. With the urban poems of "Paulicéia Desvairada" and "Carefree Paulistan land" (1922), Mário de Andrade established the movement in Brazil. His rhapsodic novel Macunaíma (1928), with its abundance of Brazilian folklore, represents the apex of modernism's nationalist prose through its creation of an offbeat native national hero. Oswald de Andrade's experimental poetry, avant-garde prose, particularly the novel Serafim Ponte Grande (1933), and provocative manifestos exemplify the movement's break with tradition. Modernist artists and writers chose the Municipal Theatre of São Paulo to launch their Modernist manifesto. The site happened to be a bastion of European culture with Opera and classical music presentations brought from Germany, France, Austria, and Italy. It was significant for them to choose such house as their starting point because the high society which frequented it denied its Brazilian roots by speaking languages such as French only in the opera house. Moreover, it behaved as if the rest of Brazil, and Brazilian culture itself, did not matter or did not exist. Both these authors were influential writers from the Modernist school: Mário de Andrade and Oswald de Andrade.
Theaters
Many historians believe that the first theatre performance in Brazil was held in São Paulo. The Spanish Jesuit missionary José de Anchieta (1534–1597) wrote short plays that were performed and watched by the Tupi–Guarani natives. After that, however, São Paulo became a province and cultural activities lost momentum. It was only in the beginning of the 20th century that, thanks to the coffee cycle and the wealth it brought, major European ethnic groups started making presentations in some of the state's countryside cities. Theatres such as Pedro II, in Ribeirão Preto, welcomed groups that had already performed in Manaus, Rio de Janeiro and Buenos Aires. The most important period for the art in São Paulo took place during the avant-garde time. It was in São Paulo that a professional company, Teatro Brasileiro de Comédia, or TBC (Brazilian Theater of Comedy) made its first presentation. During the 60s, major theater productions in São Paulo and Brazil were presented by two groups. Teatro de Arena began with a group of students from Escola de Arte Dramática (Drama Art School), founded by Alfredo Mesquita, in 1948. In 1958, the group excelled with the play "Eles não usam black tie," a masterpiece by Gianfrancesco Guarnieri that, for the first time in the history of the Brazilian drama, had labor workers as protagonists.
After the military coup of 1964, which was supported by the US, theater plays started focusing on the Brazilian history (Zumbi, Tiradentes). Teatro de Arena was an embattled stage for the democratic resistance during the military dictatorship period, marked by its censorship. Teatro Oficina also played an important role. It was there that the Tropicalist movement began. There was a number of plays that represented historic moments, among which "O Rei da Vela", "Galileu Galilei" (1968), "Na Sela das Cidades" (1969) and "Gracias Señor" (1972). Today, all kinds of plays are performed at São Paulo's dozens of theatres, going from classical music, ballet to avant-garde plays and Broadway musicals.
Museums
In 1998 the Hostel became a museum, and it preserves the documentation, memory and objects of the immigrants that came to Brazil in search of hope and wealth. Located in one of the few centenarian buildings left in the city of São Paulo, the museum occupies part of the former Hostel. Aside from bringing the immigrants' history to the public, the museum also restores wooden train wagons from the former São Paulo Railway. There are two restored wagons in the museum. One of them dates from 1914, and another one a second class passenger car, dates from 1931. The Memorial do Imigrante pays homage to the ancestors of millions of Brazilians who arrived through the port of Santos and had São Paulo as a gateway to Brazil. It is possible to find in the museum the names of all immigrants who were hosted there from 1888 to 1978.
Tourism and recreation
São Paulo is a major cultural centre. The city has an ethnically diverse metropolitan area, with predominant Italian, Portuguese and African background. Just like the whole state however, has a significant number of Spanish, Lebanese and Japanese descendants as well. São Paulo is known for its varied and sophisticated cuisine, ranging from Chinese to French, from fast food chains to five star restaurants. There are approximately 62 different types of cuisines in São Paulo, and more than 12,000 restaurants. Other venues such as bars, pubs, lounges and discos cater to a variety of music tastes.
São Paulo is home to the São Paulo Museum of Art (MASP), dedicated by Queen Elizabeth II in the first half of the 20th century and "Pinacoteca do Estado" art museums, a symphonic orchestra (São Paulo State Symphony (OSESP – based in the Sala São Paulo theatre in the gorgeous Julio Prestes train station)), and a Formula One Grand Prix racing circuit (Interlagos).
Landmarks
Parks
There are several parks in the city of São Paulo:Parque da Aclimação - Located in the Aclimação neighbourhood in the central region, it was inaugurated in 1939 and has an area of approximatelly .
Parque da Água Branca - Located at the west side of the city, in the Barra Funda district. It was inaugurated in 1929 and has an area of approximately .
Parque Alfredo Volpi - With an area of , it's located at the south side of the city, in the Cidade Jardim neighbourhood.
Parque Anália Franco - Located in the Jardim Anália Franco neighbourhood, has an area of .
Parque Anhanguera - This park features native Atlantic Forest and is environmentally protected by law. Because of that, most of its area has restricted access. It was inaugurated in 1979 and has an area of approximately . Located in the Perus neighbourhood, it's situated close to the Jaraguá peak, in the city's far northwest.
Parque Buenos Aires - Located in the Higienópolis neighbourhood, in the city's central area. It was inaugurated in 1913 and has an area of .
Parque do Carmo - Inaugurated in 1976, it's the biggest public park inside the city, with an area of approximately . Situated at the city's east side, in the Itaquera neighbourhood.
Parque Luís Carlos Prestes - A small park located in the extreme west of São Paulo, in the Jardim Rolinópolis neighbourhood, near the Raposo Tavares highway and close to a another city park, the Parque da Previdência. Opened in 1990, it was named after the political, military and revolutionary Luis Carlos Prestes, and has an area of .
Parque do Piqueri - Located in the Tatuapé neighbourhood, has an area of .
Parque Previdência - Located in the far west of São Paulo in the neighborhood of Jardim Rolinópolis, near the Raposo Tavares highway. It has an area of and was founded in 1979.
Parque Lina e Paulo Raia - Located in the Jabaquara district, southern Sao Paulo, has an area of .
Parque Raul Seixas - It has and is situated in the district of Itaquera, in the East of the city.
Parque Villa-Lobos - Opened in 1994, it's located in the Alto de Pinheiros district, on the banks of the Pinheiros River, and has an area of .
Zoos
The Zoological Park of São Paulo is the largest in Brazil. Located in an area of of original Atlantic Forest, has approximatelly 4 miles of alleys. It houses the headwaters of the historic stream of Ipiranga, at south side of the city. Displays more than 3,200 animals, 102 species of mammals, 216 species of birds, 95 species of reptiles, 15 species of amphibians and 16 species of invertebrates, in enclosures that replicate the natural habitats of these animals. The Zoo's farm of 572 ha, produces vegetables used in the manufacture of feed for various animals, and material to the enclosures where the animals stay. There are animals that need extra area for mating.The zoo also counts with a nursery for rejected puppies and incubators for hatching eggs of birds and reptiles. His library of more than four thousand volumes is open to the public. Its partnerships with other state, federal and foreign research institutions include researches that aim to facilitate the preservation of endangered species.
São Paulo also has a Safari Zoo located in its southeastern side, in the district of Cursino.
Sports
Football
As in the rest of Brazil, Association football is by far the most popular sport in the city. The major teams in São Paulo are known as "The Iron Trio" ("Trio de Ferro"): Corinthians, Palmeiras and São Paulo FC. There are three other small clubs in the city, Portuguesa, Juventus and Nacional.São Paulo is one of the host cities of the 2014 FIFA World Cup, for which Brazil is the host nation. The opening of 2014 FIFA World Cup, is under negotiation to be held in the Corinthians stadium, called Arena Itaquera, which is being built.
| + Football/soccer teams | ||||
| ! Club | ! League | ! Venue | ! Established | |
| Sport Club Corinthians Paulista>SC Corinthians | 16,000 (28,000 record) | 1910 | ||
| Sociedade Esportiva Palmeiras>SE Palmeiras | 29,173 (40,283 record) | 1914 | ||
| São Paulo Futebol Clube>São Paulo FC | Morumbi Stadium | 67,428 (138,032 record) | 1935 | |
| Associação Portuguesa de Desportos>Portuguesa | 19,717 (25,000 record) | 1920 | ||
| Clube Atlético Juventus>Juventus | Campeonato Paulista Série A3 | 2,730 (9,000 record) | 1924 | |
| Nacional Atlético Clube (SP)>Nacional | Campeonato Paulista Série A2 | Nicolau Alayon Stadium | 9,650 (22,000 record) | 1919 |
São Silvestre Road Race
The São Silvestre Race takes place every New Year's Eve. It was first held in 1925, when the competitors ran about 8,000 metres across the streets. Since then, the distance raced varied, but is now set at .
Brazilian Grand Prix
The Formula One Brazilian Grand Prix () is held at the Autódromo José Carlos Pace in Interlagos, a neighborhood of São Paulo. The race at Interlagos has been held continuously since 1990. Since 1973, the first year Formula One Grand Prix had been held in Brazil, 4 Brazilians have won the Grand Prix in São Paulo: Emerson Fittipaldi (1973 and 1974), José Carlos Pace (1975), Ayrton Senna (1991 and 1993) and Felipe Massa (2006 and 2008).In 2007, new local railway station Autódromo of the Line C (Line 9) of CPTM, was constructed near the circuit to improve access.
São Paulo profits the most in the year during the F1 Brazilian Grand Prix due to boosts in tourism, commerce and nightlife.
São Paulo Indy 300
The 2010 São Paulo Indy 300 was the first race of the 2010 IZOD IndyCar Series season. This race took place on March 14, on the temporary street circuit in São Paulo, Brazil. The race was telecasted by Versus.There is seven IndyCar drivers from Brazil competing in the series, including Ana Beatriz, Hélio Castroneves, Tony Kanaan, Raphael Matos, Vitor Meira, Mario Moraes and Mario Romancini. São Paulo is the hometown of Beatriz, Castroneves, Moraes and Romancini.
Other sports
Volleyball, basketball and tennis are other major sports. There are several traditional sports clubs in São Paulo that are home for teams in many championships. The most important are Esporte Clube Pinheiros (waterpolo, volleyball, swimming, basketball and handball), Clube Atlhetico Paulistano (basketball), Esporte Clube Banespa (volleyball, handball and futsal), Esporte Clube Sírio (basketball), Associação Atlética Hebraica (basketball), São Paulo Athletic Club (rugby union), Pasteur Athlétique Club (rugby union), Clube de Regatas Tietê and Clube Atlético Ipiranga, also, on Bom Retiro, we have the Baseball Stadium, Mie Nishi.
International sports events
The following international sports events have been held in São Paulo:
Transportation
Highways
The city is crossed by 10 major Brazilian motorways and automobiles are still the main means to get into the city. They are:
Rodoanel
São Paulo grew quickly from the 1940s to the 1980s and many roads and buildings were built without major planning. As a result, heavy traffic is common on the city's main avenues, and traffic jams are relatively common on its largest highways. The main means of commuting into the city is by car and by bus. In March 2011, there are more 7 million vehicles registered. An effective way of avoiding heavy vehicles traffic in the city, such as buses and trucks that crossed the city for other destinations, was planned by ex-governor Mário Covas as a road ring that circles the city, called Rodoanel Mario Covas, and is being built by DERSA.
Railways
The two major São Paulo train stations are Luz and Julio Prestes in the Luz/Campos Eliseos region. Luz is the seat of the Santos-Jundiaí line which historically transported international immigrants from the Santos port to São Paulo and the coffee plantation lands in the Western region of Campinas. Julio Prestes connected the SW São Paulo State and Northern Paraná State to São Paulo and products were transferred to Luz Station from which they headed to the Atlantic ocean and overseas. Julio Prestes ceased from transporting passengers through the Sorocabana or FEPASA lines and now only has limited suburban service. Due to its acoustics and the beauty of its interior, surrounded by Greek revival columns, part of the rebuilt station was transformed into the São Paulo Hall, or Sala São Paulo, home of the internationally, known São Paulo Orchestra.Luz Station, which was built in Britain and assembled in Brazil, has an underground station and is still very active with east and westbound suburban trains that link São Paulo to the Greater São Paulo region to the East and the Campinas Metropolitan region in Jundiaí in the western part of the State. Besides housing the interactive Museu da Língua Portuguesa (Portuguese Language Museum), Luz Station is surrounded by important cultural institutions such as the Pinacoteca do Estado, The Museu de Arte Sacra on Tiradentes Avenue and Jardim da Luz, among others.
Although poorly maintained by heavy rail services, there is an infrastructure project to build a high-speed railway service linking Brazil's two largest cities, São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro. The trains would go as fast as (the trip would last about 1 hour and 30 minutes). This specific project is still waiting an official announcement by the Brazilian government, who is trying to obtain international financing through a public-private partnership. Another important project is the "Expresso Bandeirantes," which is a medium-speed rail service (about 160 km/h) from São Paulo to Campinas, which would reduce the journey time from the current one hour and a half by car to about 50 minutes by train, linking the towns of São Paulo, Jundiaí, Campinas Airport, and Campinas city center. This service is also going to be connected to the railway service between São Paulo city center and Guarulhos Airport. Major works on an express railway service between São Paulo city center and Guarulhos International Airport were announced by the São Paulo state government in 2007, which will be a milestone in the revitalisation and improvement of the Brazilian passenger railway services.
Airports
right|thumb|[[Congonhas-São Paulo Airport|Congonhas Airport. Airplanes waiting in line to take off due to congestion at Congonhas airport.]]São Paulo has two main airports. The São Paulo-Guarulhos International Airport for the international flights and the Congonhas-São Paulo Airport for domestic and regional flights. Another airport, the Campo de Marte Airport, serves light aircraft and helicopters. The three airports together moved 42,617,779 passengers in 2010, making São Paulo one of the top 30 busiest in the world, by number of air passenger movements. The region of Greater São Paulo is also served by São José dos Campos Airport and Viracopos-Campinas International Airport.
Congonhas Airport operates flights mainly to Rio de Janeiro, Belo Horizonte and Brasília. After the upgrade work by Infraero has been completed, passengers now enjoy new boarding lounges, located on the mezzanine level, accessed by escalators. Besides this, eight boarding bridges were installed to provide more comfort to passengers by eliminating the need to walk in the open to their flights.
The terminal area was expanded from 37.3 thousand to over 51 thousand square meters. This expansion did not seek to raise capacity, which was already saturated, but only to satisfy current demand. Congonhas Airport, built in the 1930s, was designed to handle 6 million passengers a year and was operating with 12 million a year. The ample new boarding area, separated from the main concourse, adds greatly to passenger comfort. Campo de Marte is located in Santana district, the northern zone of São Paulo. The airport handles small aircraft, particularly private craft belonging to flying clubs and air taxi firms. Opened in 1935, Campo de Marte today is the base for the largest helicopter fleet in Brazil. It has no scheduled airlines, but its terminal is equipped with a snack bar, restaurant and bank branch. This airport also is the home base of the State Civil Police Air Tactical Unit, the State Military Police Radio Patrol Unit and the São Paulo Flying Club.
A city with possibly the world's highest helicopter ownership rate. Largely using this airport, an elite wealthy class takes advantage of some one hundred remote helipads and heliports to conveniently bypass heavy road traffic. Campo de Marte also hosts the Ventura Goodyear Blimp.
The Guarulhos International, also known to São Paulo dwellers as "Cumbica" is north-east of the city center, in the neighbouring city of Guarulhos. Every day nearly 100 thousand people pass through the airport, which connects Brazil to 28 countries around the world. There are 370 companies established there generating 53 thousand employments. With capacity to serve 15 million passengers a year, in two terminals, the airport currently handles 12 million users.
Construction of a third passenger terminal is pending, to raise yearly capacity to 29 million passengers. The project, in the tendering phase, is part of the airport’s master plan and will get under way shortly. São Paulo International Airport is also one of the main air cargo hubs in Brazil. The roughly 100 flights a day carry everything from fruits grown in the São Francisco Valley in the Northeast to the most sophisticated medications created by science in the Southeast. The airport's cargo terminal is South America's largest and stands behind only Mexico City's in all of Latin America. In 2003, over 75 thousand metric tons of freight passed through the terminal.
Metro
The city has of underground railway systems (34.6 km (21.4) fully underground) (the São Paulo Metro, locally known as the Metrô), with 5 lines in operation and 59 stations, complemented by another of Companhia Paulista de Trens Metropolitanos (CPTM, or "Paulista Company of Metropolitan Trains") railways. Both CPTM and the underground railway lines carry some 7 million people on an average weekday, and a few new underground lines to be constructed are expected to add another million people to the system within the next five years. The projects expected to expand São Paulo's urban railway system from the current to more than on the next 10 years, surpassing the London Underground.
São Paulo has three rapid transport systems:
Also in 2008, the Moscow metro, in Russia, moved 8.6 million people for every mile of track. The Shanghai, China, took 7 million, according to the Community of Metros (Comet, English acronym), an organization that brings together representatives of the 12 largest metro systems in the world. Data from last year have not been released by Comet.
Every day last year, 2.56 million people passed through the turnstiles of the subway capital, on average. If taken into account transshipments, these passengers have about 3.5 million trips per day, according to balance sheet contained in the "Management Report 2010" released yesterday with the company's balance sheet. The number of entries in the stations was 6.8% higher than recorded in 2009.
While the total number of passengers has increased the satisfaction of those who use the system decreased. The survey "The Metro according to its user: a service evaluation" of last year showed that 60% of respondents rated the means of transport as "very good" and "good." In 2009, the notes were 67% positive. The survey is conducted since 1974.
Buses
The bulk of the public transport (government and private companies) is composed of approximately 17,000 buses (including about 290 trolley buses), coloured uniformly according to the non-central region served (ex.: light green for the buses that go North West, dark blue for the Northern area). Until the past few years, there was a strong presence of informal transport vans (dab vans), but the vast majority of such vans are already fully registered with the city council, legalized and operating under the same color scheme of the main system.São Paulo Tietê Bus Terminal is the second largest bus terminal in the world. It serves localities in all the States of Brazil, with the exception of Amazonas, Roraima and Amapá. There are routes to 1,010 cities in five countries (Brazil, Argentina, Chile, Uruguay, and Paraguay). It offers a special line to the Congonhas and Guarulhos airports, and a ride sharing automobile service to Santos.
The Palmeiras-Barra Funda Intermodal Terminal is much smaller and is connected to the Palmeiras-Barra Funda metro and Palmeiras-Barra Funda CPTM stations. It serves the southwestern cities of Sorocaba, Itapetininga, Itu, Botucatu, Bauru, Marília, Jaú, Avaré, Piraju, Santa Cruz do Rio Pardo, Ipaussu, Chavantes, and Ourinhos (on the border with Paraná State). It also serves São José do Rio Preto, Araçatuba and other small towns located on the northwest of São Paulo State.
For buses to São Paulo coast, travelers need to get off at the Jabaquara metro station, which is the final southbound stop on Line 1 (Blue) of the São Paulo Metro. The Litoral bus terminal serves Praia Grande, Santos and São Vicente on the South Shore and Mongaguá, Bertioga, and Guarujá on the North Shore. Buses to North Shore cities such as Maresia, Riviera de São Lourenço, Caraguatatuba, Ubatuba, and Paraty, in Rio de Janeiro State must be taken at the Tietê Bus Terminal, at Portuguesa-Tietê metro station on Line 1 (Blue).
Helicopters
Due to the intense traffic jams on the roads combined with fears of kidnappings among its richer citizens, São Paulo has become the city with the highest number of helicopters in the world. With 462 private helicopters in 2008, and around 70,000 flights per year within central São Paulo, according to the British newspaper The Guardian, is turning into a "real life South-American episode" of The Jetsons.Helicopters enable businessmen and other executives to sharply reduce their commuting time, at least to the most important meetings and conferences. They are also used to bring executives in from their homes in distant parts of the greater metropolitan area and back to them at the end of the work week. Some companies own their helicopters, others lease them, and still others use helicopter taxi services. One suburban helicopter shuttle service, located about from the center of the city in a suburb called Tamboré, is unique in the sense that it is run and operated totally by women, including its pilots.
Current critical problems
Crime in São Paulo was a constant issue. For two decades, São Paulo's murder rate was consistently higher than the average for Brazil. The murder rate in São Paulo fell below the average rate for Brazil in 2004. The city made strides in gun control, and the local police raised the homicide solving rate from 8 percent to 70 percent from the 1990s to 2008.
Since the beginning of the 20th century, São Paulo has been a major economic center in Latin America. With the arrival of the two World Wars and the Great Depression, coffee exports (from other regions of the state) to the United States and Europe were critically affected, leading wealthy coffee farmers to invest in industrial activities which eventually turned São Paulo into Brazil's largest industrial hub. The new job positions thereof contributed to attracting a significant number of immigrants from Europe and Asia and migrants from within the country, especially the northeastern states. From a population of merely 32,000 inhabitants in 1880, São Paulo increased its population to approximately 250,000 in 1900, 1,800,000 in 1940, 4,750,000 in 1960 and 8,500,000 in 1980. The effects of this population boom have been:
Solutions
The Clean City Law or antibillboard, approved in 2007, focused on two main targets: antipublicity and anticommerce. Advertisers estimate that they removed 15,000 billboards and that more than 1,600 signs and 1,300 towering metal panels were dismantled by authorities. Some countries have adopted vehicular restrictions in order to reduce air pollution levels. In São Paulo metropolitan region, the vehicle restriction was adopted from 1996 to 1998, in order to reduce air pollution, during wintertime. Since 1997, a similar project was implemented during the whole year in the central area of São Paulo in order to improve the urban traffic.
Human development
In 2007 the city of São Paulo conducted a survey about the quality of life of its inhabitants to help the government in the social politics of the city. The indicator used was the HDI – the same used by the UN for qualifying the development of the countries in the world.It was noted in this survey that the neighborhoods around or in the geographical center of the city tend to be more developed than those located in the fringes. In 2000, top neighborhoods possessed human development indexes equal to or greater than those of Scandinavian countries, while neighborhoods in the lower range were in line with, for example, North Africa.
Top 5 districts Moema (0.961) – (Equal to – 0.961) Pinheiros (0.960) – (Equal to – 0.960) Jardim Paulista (0.957) – (Greater than – 0.956) Itaim Bibi (0.953) – (Equal to , – 0.953)
Districts in last 5 places Marsilac (0.701) – (In line with – 0.700) Parelheiros (0.747) – (In line with – 0.746) Lajeado (0.748) – (In line with – 0.746) Jardim Ângela (0.750) – (In line with – 0.750) Iguatemi (0.751) – (In line with – 0.750)
Twin towns – sister cities
São Paulo is twinned with:| Americas | Europe | Asia and Africa | |||
| Buenos Aires, Argentina | Yerevan, Armenia | Luanda, Angola | |||
| La Paz, Bolivia | Paris, France | Beijing, China | |||
| Toronto, Canada | Hamburg, Germany | Seoul, South Korea | |||
| Milan, Italy | Tel Aviv, Israel | ||||
| Chicago, United States | Coimbra, Portugal | ||||
| Funchal, Portugal | |||||
| Lisbon, Portugal | |||||
| Porto, Portugal | |||||
| Amman, Jordan | |||||
| Asunción, Paraguay | Bucharest, Romania | Damascus, Syria | |||
| Montevideo, Uruguay | Cluj-Napoca, Romania | Osaka, Japan | |||
| Lima, Peru | Barcelona, Spain | Ningbo, China | |||
| Macau, China | |||||
| Santiago de Compostela, Spain | Bamako, Mali | ||||
| New Delhi, India | |||||
See also
References
Bibliography
Notes
External links
;Official websites;Other websites
;News stories
Lat. and Long. }} }}
Category:Populated places established in 1554 Category:Populated places in São Paulo (state) Category:São Paulo (city) Category:Cities in Brazil
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