• Aaron Parry
  Aaron Parry is an American synagogue rabbi, counter-missionary expert, and author of several beginners books on Judaism.
  http://wn.com/Aaron_Parry
• Abba Arika
  Abba Arika (175–247) (Talmudic Aramaic: ) (born Abba bar Aybo) was a Jewish Talmudist who lived in Babylonia, known as an amora (commentator on the Oral Law) of the 3rd century who established at Sura the systematic study of the rabbinic traditions, which, using the Mishnah as text, led to the compilation of the Talmud. With him began the long period of ascendancy of the great academies of Babylonia , around the year 220. He is commonly known simply as Rav (or Rab, Hebrew: ).
  http://wn.com/Abba_Arika
• 
  Abraham Abulafia
  Abraham ben Samuel Abulafia (), the founder of the school of "Prophetic Kabbalah", was born in Zaragoza, Spain, in 1240, and died sometime after 1291, in Comino, Maltese archipelago.
  http://wn.com/Abraham_Abulafia
• 
  Abraham Geiger
  Abraham Geiger (24 May 1810 in Frankfurt am Main – 23 October 1874 in Berlin) was a German rabbi and scholar who led the founding of Reform Judaism. He sought to remove all nationalistic elements (particularly the "Chosen People" doctrine) from Judaism, stressing it as an evolving and changing religion.
  http://wn.com/Abraham_Geiger
• Abraham ibn Akra
  Abraham ibn Akra or Abraham ben Solomon Akra was a Jewish-Italian scholar and editor of scientific works who lived at the end of the 16th century. He edited the work [http://hebrewbooks.org/7049 Me-Harere Nemerim] (Venice, 1599), a collection of several methodological essays and commentaries on various Talmudic treatises. Akra is the author of a methodological treatise on the Midrash Rabbot, which Isaiah Horowitz (של"ה) embodied in his work Shene Luḥot ha-Berit (ed. Amsterdam, p. 411), without credit. The same thing occurs in the Vilna edition of the Midrash Rabbot, where Akra's treatise is reproduced from the Shene Luḥot ha-Berit. Akra's work appeared originally as an appendix to the Arze Lebanon, a collection of kabalistic essays, Venice, 1601. Abraham makes there the interesting statement that he saw in Egypt the manuscript of the Midrash Abkir. This is the last trace of the existence of that small midrash.
  http://wn.com/Abraham_ibn_Akra
• Achai Gaon
  :For the Savora sage, see Ahai.
  http://wn.com/Achai_Gaon
• 
  Adin Steinsaltz
  Rabbi Adin Steinsaltz (Hebrew: עדין שטיינזלץ) or Adin Even Yisrael (Hebrew: עדין אבן ישראל) (born 1937) is most commonly known for his popular commentary and translation of both Talmuds into Hebrew, French, Russian and Spanish.
  http://wn.com/Adin_Steinsaltz
• 
  Akiva Eger
  Rabbi Akiva Eger, or Akiva Güns, , (Eisenstadt, 1761 – Poznań, 1837) was an outstanding Talmudic scholar, influential halakhic decisor and foremost leader of European Jewry during the early 19th century.
  http://wn.com/Akiva_Eger
• Arnost Zvi Ehrman
  Rabbi Dr Arnost Zvi Ehrman is best known for his work as editor of the Talmud El Am (cf below). In addition, his contribution on Jewish law is evident in a number of learned articles and conference papers on the subject. Professor Bernard Jackson wrote of ‘the debt that modern scholarship in Jewish law owes him’ (The Jewish Law Annual 3, 1980).
  http://wn.com/Arnost_Zvi_Ehrman
• Asher ben Jehiel
  Asher ben Jehiel (Hebrew, אשר בן יחיאל, or Asher ben Yechiel, sometimes Asheri) (1250 or 1259 – 1327) was an eminent rabbi and Talmudist best known for his abstract of Talmudic law. He is often referred to as Rabbenu Asher, “our Rabbi Asher” or by the Hebrew acronym for this title, the ROSH (Hebrew, רא"ש, literally "Head"). His yahrzeit is on the 9 Cheshvan.
  http://wn.com/Asher_ben_Jehiel
• Asher ben Yechiel
  http://wn.com/Asher_ben_Yechiel
• Ashkenazi Jews
  Ashkenazi Jews, also known as Ashkenazic Jews or Ashkenazim (, , singular: ; also , Yehudei Ashkenaz, "the Jews of Ashkenaz"), are the Jews descended from the medieval Jewish communities along the Rhine in Germany from Alsace in the south to the Rhineland in the north. Ashkenaz is the medieval Hebrew name for this region and thus for Germany. Thus, Ashkenazim or Ashkenazi Jews are literally "German Jews." Later, Jews from Western and Central Europe came to be called "Ashkenaz" because the main centers of Jewish learning were located in Germany. (See Usage of the name for the term's etymology.) Ashkenaz is also a Japhetic patriarch in the Table of Nations ().
  http://wn.com/Ashkenazi_Jews
• August Rohling
  August Rohling (born in 1839 at Neuenkirchen, province of Hanover, Prussia; died 1931) was a German Catholic theologian, scholar of Hebrew archeology, and polemical author.
  http://wn.com/August_Rohling
• 
  Averroes
  '''Abū 'l-Walīd Muḥammad bin Aḥmad bin Rushd (), better known just as Ibn Rushd (), and in European literature as Averroes''' () (1126 – December 10, 1198), was an Andalusian Muslim polymath; a master of Aristotelian philosophy, Islamic philosophy, Islamic theology, Maliki law and jurisprudence, logic, psychology, politics, Arabic music theory, and the sciences of medicine, astronomy, geography, mathematics, physics and celestial mechanics. He was born in Córdoba, Al Andalus, modern-day Spain, and died in Marrakech, modern-day Morocco. His school of philosophy is known as Averroism. He has been described by some as the founding father of secular thought in Western Europe and "one of the spiritual fathers of Europe," although other scholars oppose such claims.
  http://wn.com/Averroes
• Avraham Goldberg
  Avraham Goldberg (Hebrew: אברהם גולדברג, born 1913) is an Israeli talmud scholar. Goldberg was born in Pittsburgh, and was educated at yeshivot Torah V'Daat and Chafetz Chaim, as well as at the University of Pittsburgh, where he studied English literature. He was ordained at the Jewish Theological Seminary in 1941. After serving as a chaplain in the United States armed forces during World War II, Goldberg moved to Israel to study at the Hebrew University in Jerusalem, where he remained until today. In 1952 Goldberg received a PhD in Talmud from Hebrew University, with a critical edition of Massechet Ohalot serving as his dissertation. After graduation, Goldberg served at the Hebrew University as professor and professor emeritus of Talmud, as well as chair of the Talmud department. He has also served as visiting professor at the Jewish Theological Seminary and University of Pennsylvania.
  http://wn.com/Avraham_Goldberg
• Azriel Hildesheimer
  Dr. Esriel Hildesheimer (also Azriel and Israel; May 20 1820 – July 12 1899) was a German rabbi and leader of Orthodox Judaism. He is regarded as a pioneering modernizer of Orthodox Judaism in Germany and as a founder of Modern Orthodox Judaism.
  http://wn.com/Azriel_Hildesheimer
• Bezalel Ashkenazi
  Bezalel ben Abraham Ashkenazi () (ca. 1520 - ca. 1592) was a rabbi and scholar of the Talmud who lived in the Palestine during the 16th century. He is best known as the author of Shittah Mekubetzet, a commentary on the Talmud. He is very straightforward in his writings and occasionally offers textual amendments to the Talmud. His most important disciple was the famous Kabbalist, Rabbi Isaac Luria.
  http://wn.com/Bezalel_Ashkenazi
• 
  Chaim Soloveitchik
  Chaim (Halevi) Soloveitchik (Hebrew: '''חיים סולובייצ'יק), also known as Reb Chaim Brisker', (1853-July 30, 1918) was a rabbi and Talmudic scholar credited as the founder of the popular Brisker approach to Talmudic study within Judaism. He was born in Volozhin in 1853, where his father, Rabbi Yosef Dov Soloveitchik served as a lecturer in the famous Volozhiner Yeshiva. After a few years, his father was appointed as a Rav in Slutzk, where young Chaim was first educated. While still a youngster, his genius and lightening-quick grasp were widely recognized. Eventually, following many years as a senior lecturer in the renowned Volozhiner Yeshiva, he accepted a position as Rav of Brest, Belarus (Brisk in Yiddish), then in Imperial Russia, now in Belarus. A member of the Soloveitchik-family rabbinical dynasty, he is most commonly known as Reb Chaim Brisker'' ("Rabbi Chaim [from] Brisk").
  http://wn.com/Chaim_Soloveitchik
• 
  Christopher Hitchens
  Christopher Eric Hitchens (born 13 April 1949) is an English-American author and journalist (or Sage writer) whose books, essays, and journalistic career span more than four decades. He has been a columnist and literary critic at The Atlantic, Vanity Fair, Slate, World Affairs, The Nation, Free Inquiry, and became the William S. Hertz media fellow at the Hoover Institution in September 2008. He is a staple of talk shows and lecture circuits and in 2005 he was voted the world's fifth top public intellectual in a Prospect/Foreign Policy poll.
  http://wn.com/Christopher_Hitchens
• 
  Constantine I
  Flavius Valerius Aurelius ConstantinusIn Latin Constantine is the first Christian emperor. Constantine's official imperial title was IMPERATOR CAESAR FLAVIVS CONSTANTINVS PIVS FELIX INVICTVS AVGVSTVS, Imperator Caesar Flavius Constantine Augustus, the pious, the fortunate, the undefeated. After 312, he added MAXIMVS ("the greatest"), and after 325 replaced ("undefeated") with VICTOR, as invictus reminded of Sol Invictus, the Sun God. (c. 27 February 272 – 22 May 337), commonly known as Constantine I, Constantine the Great, or Saint Constantine, was Roman Emperor from 306 to 337. Best known for being the first Christian Roman emperor, Constantine reversed the persecutions of his predecessor, Diocletian, and issued the Edict of Milan in 313, which proclaimed religious tolerance of Christians throughout the empire.
  http://wn.com/Constantine_I
• Daniel Bomberg
  Daniel Bomberg (died 1549) was an early printer of Hebrew language books. A Christian, born in Antwerp, he was primarily active in Venice between 1516 and 1549.
  http://wn.com/Daniel_Bomberg
• David Bar-Hayim
  David Bar Hayim (born David Mandel), born in Australia, is an Orthodox rabbi, head of the Beth Midrash Machon Shilo (Shiloh Institute), and a member of the Vaad HaTorani ("Torah Council") of Manhigut Yehudit (Jewish Leadership faction of the Likud Party).
  http://wn.com/David_Bar-Hayim
• 
  David Duke
  David Ernest Duke (born July 1, 1950) is an American white nationalist, former Grand Wizard of the Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, former Louisiana State Representative for a partial term, and a candidate in the Democratic presidential primaries in 1988 and in the Republican presidential primaries in 1992. Duke has also unsuccessfully run for the Louisiana State Senate, United States Senate, United States House of Representatives, and Governor of Louisiana.
  http://wn.com/David_Duke
• David Tzvi Hoffman
  http://wn.com/David_Tzvi_Hoffman
• 
  David Weiss Halivni
  David Weiss Halivni (Hebrew דוד הלבני) (born 1927) is an American-Israeli rabbi, scholar in the domain of Jewish Sciences and professor of Talmud.
  http://wn.com/David_Weiss_Halivni
• 
  David Zvi Hoffman
  :For the American documentary filmmaker, see David Hoffman
  http://wn.com/David_Zvi_Hoffman
• 
  Denis Diderot
  Denis Diderot (October 5, 1713 – July 31, 1784) was a French philosopher, art critic, and writer. He was a prominent figure during the Enlightenment and is best-known for serving as co-founder and chief editor of and contributor to the Encyclopédie.
  http://wn.com/Denis_Diderot
• Eliezer of Touques
  Eliezer (ben Solomon) of Touques was a French tosafist, who lived at Touques in the second half of the thirteenth century. He abridged the tosafot of Samson of Sens, Samuel of Évreux, and many others, and added thereto marginal notes of his own, entitled "Gilyon Tosafot," or "Tosafot Gillayon". This abridgment, together with the notes, after undergoing many alterations and receiving several additions from later authorities, was called Tosafot Ṭuk; it forms the foundation of the Tosafot now printed with the Talmud.
  http://wn.com/Eliezer_of_Touques
• Gershom ben Judah
  Gershom ben Judah, (c. 960 -1040? -1028?) best known as Rabbeinu Gershom (Hebrew: רבנו גרשום, "Our teacher Gershom") and also commonly known to scholars of Judaism by the title ''Rabbeinu Gershom Me'Or Hagolah'' ("Our teacher Gershom the light of the exile"), was a famous Talmudist and Halakhist.
  http://wn.com/Gershom_ben_Judah
• 
  Gil Student
  Gil Ofer Student (born August 8, 1972) is the Managing Editor of OU Press, and an Orthodox Jewish blogger who writes about the interface between different facets of Judaism, specifically Orthodox Judaism and Modern Orthodox Judaism, including modern, controversial topics. He is an ordained non-pulpit serving Orthodox rabbi.
  http://wn.com/Gil_Student
• 
  Heinrich Graetz
  Heinrich Graetz (October 31, 1817 - September 7, 1891) was amongst the first historians to write a comprehensive history of the Jewish people from a Jewish perspective.
  http://wn.com/Heinrich_Graetz
• Henry Malter
  Henry Malter (born at Zabno, Galicia, March 23, 1867, died 1925) was an American rabbi and scholar.
  http://wn.com/Henry_Malter
• 
  Hermann Strack
  Hermann Leberecht Strack (1848-1922) was a German Protestant theologian and Orientalist; born at Berlin May 6, 1848. Since 1877 he was assistant professor of Old Testament exegesis and Semitic languages at the University of Berlin. He was the foremost Christian authority in Germany on Talmudic and rabbinic literature, and studied rabbinics under Steinschneider. Since the reappearance of anti-Semitism in Germany, Strack had been the champion of the Jews against the attacks of such men as Hofprediger Adolf Stoecker, Professor August Rohling, and others. In 1885 Strack became the editor of Nathanael. Zeitschrift für die Arbeit der Evangelischen Kirche an Israel, published at Berlin; and in 1883 he founded the Institutum Judaicum, which aims at the conversion of Jews to Christianity. In the beginning of his career the Prussian government sent Strack to St. Petersburg to examine the Bible manuscripts there; on this occasion he examined also the antiquities of the Firkovich collection, which he declared to be forgeries. This claim was found to be untrue: the Firkovich collection is closely related to Cairo Geniza material found by Solomon Schechter.
  http://wn.com/Hermann_Strack
• Hyam Maccoby
  Hyam Maccoby (1924-2004) was a British Jewish scholar and dramatist specializing in the study of the Jewish and Christian religious tradition. His grandfather and namesake was Rabbi Hyam (or "Chaim") Maccoby (1858-1916), better known as the "Kamenitzer Maggid," a passionate religious Zionist and advocate of vegetarianism and animal welfare.
  http://wn.com/Hyam_Maccoby
• Isaac Alfasi
  Isaac ben Jacob Alfasi ha-Cohen (1013 - 1103) (Hebrew: ר יצחק אלפסי) - also known as the Alfasi or by his Hebrew acronym Rif (Rabbi Isaac al-Fasi), was a Talmudist and posek (decisor in matters of halakha - Jewish law). He is best known for his work of halakha, the legal code Sefer Ha-halachot, considered the first fundamental work in halakhic literature. He was born near Fes in Morocco, and spent the majority of his career there, and is therefore known as "Alfasi" ("of Fes" in Arabic).
  http://wn.com/Isaac_Alfasi
• Isaac ben Samuel
  Isaac ben Samuel the Elder, also known as the Ri ha-Zaken, was a French tosafist and Biblical commentator. He flourished at Ramerupt and Dampierre, France in the twelfth century.
  http://wn.com/Isaac_ben_Samuel
• 
  Isaac Hirsch Weiss
  Isaac (Isaak) Hirsch Weiss, also Eisik Hirsch Weiss (February 9, 1815 - June 1, 1905) (Hebrew: יצחק הירש ווייס) was an Austrian Talmudist and historian of literature born at Velké Meziříčí, Moravia.
  http://wn.com/Isaac_Hirsch_Weiss
• 
  Isaiah Horowitz
  Isaiah Horowitz, (c.1565 - March 24, 1630), also known as the Shelah ha-Kadosh (the holy Shelah) after the title of his best-known work, was a prominent rabbi and mystic.
  http://wn.com/Isaiah_Horowitz
• Isidore Epstein
  This article is about the distinguished rabbinical scholar. For the noted astronomer of a similar name see: Isadore Epstein
  http://wn.com/Isidore_Epstein
• Israel Shahak
  Israel Shahak (; born Himmelstaub, April 28, 1933 – July 2, 2001) was a Polish-born Israeli professor of chemistry at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, known especially as a radical political thinker, author, and civil rights activist. Between 1970-1990, he was president of the Israeli League for Human and Civil Rights and was an outspoken critic of the Israeli government. Shahak's writings on Judaism have been a source of widespread controversy.
  http://wn.com/Israel_Shahak
• Jacob Hagiz
  http://wn.com/Jacob_Hagiz
• Jacob Neusner
  Jacob Neusner (born July 28, 1932) is an American academic scholar of Judaism who lives in Rhinebeck, New York.
  http://wn.com/Jacob_Neusner
• 
  Jesus
  Jesus of Nazareth (c. 5 BC/BCE – c. 30 AD/CE),
  http://wn.com/Jesus
• 
  Johannes Buxtorf
  Johannes Buxtorf (December 25, 1564 – September 13, 1629) was a celebrated Hebraist, member of a family of Orientalists; professor of Hebrew for thirty-nine years at Basel and was known by the title, "Master of the Rabbis". His massive tome, De Synagoga Judaica (1st. ed. 1603), scrupulously documents the customs and society of German Jewry in the early modern period.
  http://wn.com/Johannes_Buxtorf
• Johannes Buxtorf II
  Johannes Buxtorf the Younger, (August 13, 1599 – August 16, 1664) was son of the scholar Johannes Buxtorf, and a Protestant Christian Hebraist. Buxtorf was born in Basel, where he also died.
  http://wn.com/Johannes_Buxtorf_II
• 
  Johannes Pfefferkorn
  Johannes (Josef) Pfefferkorn (1469–1523) was a Jewish-born, German Catholic theologian and writer who converted from Judaism. Pfefferkorn actively preached against the Jews and attempted to destroy copies of the Talmud, and engaged in a long running pamphleteering campaign against and with Johann Reuchlin.
  http://wn.com/Johannes_Pfefferkorn
• 
  John Lightfoot
  John Lightfoot (March 29, 1602 – December 6, 1675) was an English churchman, rabbinical scholar, Vice-Chancellor of the University of Cambridge and Master of St Catharine's College, Cambridge.
  http://wn.com/John_Lightfoot
• John Selden
  John Selden (16 December 1584 – 30 November 1654) was an English jurist, scholar of England's ancient laws and constitution and scholar of Jewish law. He was known as a polymath showing true intellectual depth and breadth; John Milton hailed Selden in 1644 as "the chief of learned men reputed in this land."
  http://wn.com/John_Selden
• Joseph ibn Migash
  Joseph ben Meir ibn Migash or Migas (1077 - 1141) () was a Rabbi, Posek, and Rosh Yeshiva in Lucena. He is also known as Ri Migash (ר"י מיגאש), the Hebrew acronym for "Rabbi Joseph Migash".
  http://wn.com/Joseph_ibn_Migash
• José Faur
  José Faur () is a Sepharadi Hakham (rabbi), teacher and scholar. He was a professor at the Jewish Theological Seminary of America, the Spertus Institute of Jewish Studies, and Bar Ilan University, and is currently Professor of Law at Netanya Academic College.
  http://wn.com/José_Faur
• 
  Judah haNasi
  :''For the Amora sage of the 1st generation, see Judah II (Nesi'ah I).''
  http://wn.com/Judah_haNasi
• 
  Justinas Pranaitis
  The Reverend Justinas Bonaventura Pranaitis or Pronaitis (July 27, 1861 - January 28, 1917)
  http://wn.com/Justinas_Pranaitis
• Justinian I
  Justinian I (; lang-el|; 483 – 13 or 14 November 565), commonly known as Justinian the Great, was Roman (Byzantine) Emperor from 527 to 565. During his reign, Justinian sought to revive the empire's greatness and reconquer the lost western half of the classical Roman Empire.
  http://wn.com/Justinian_I
• Lee I. Levine
  Lee I. Levine is an American-born rabbi, archaeologist and historian of classical Judaism. He is a strong believer in the ability of the Jewish people and Judaism to adapt to local settings as a key to survival. He is the author of Judaism and Hellenism in Antiquity and The Ancient Synagogue, one of the most comprehensive texts on the subject.
  http://wn.com/Lee_I_Levine
• 
  Louis Jacobs
  Rabbi Dr. Louis Jacobs (b. Manchester, 17 July 1920, d. London, 1 July 2006, 5 Tammuz 5766 in the Hebrew calendar), was a Masorti rabbi, the first leader of Masorti Judaism (also known as Conservative Judaism) in the United Kingdom, and a leading writer and thinker on Judaism. He also became known as the focus of events in the early 1960s sometimes referred to as "The Jacobs Affair".
  http://wn.com/Louis_Jacobs
• 
  Maimonides
  Moses Maimonides, also known as Rambam, was the preeminent medieval Jewish philosopher and one of the greatest Torah scholars of the Middle Ages. He was born in Córdoba, Spain on Passover Eve, 1135, and died in Egypt on 20th Tevet, December 12, 1204. He was as a rabbi, physician and philosopher in Morocco and Egypt.
  http://wn.com/Maimonides
• Meir Abulafia
  :Meir Abulafia is commonly known as "the Ramah" (Hebrew: רמ"ה). He should not be confused with Moses Isserles, known as "the Rema" or "the Rama" (Hebrew: רמ"א).
  http://wn.com/Meir_Abulafia
• Meir Lublin
  Meir Lublin or Meir ben Gedalia (1558-1616) was a Polish rabbi, Talmudist and Posek ("decisor of Jewish law"). He is well known for his commentary on the Talmud, Meir Einai Chachamim. He is also referred to as Maharam (Hebrew acronym: "Our Teacher, Rabbi Meir").
  http://wn.com/Meir_Lublin
• 
  Meir Shapiro
  :For other people with a similar name, see Meyer Shapiro
  http://wn.com/Meir_Shapiro
• Menachem Meiri
  Rabbi Menachem Meiri (1249 – c. 1310) was a famous Catalan rabbi, Talmudist and Maimonidean.
  http://wn.com/Menachem_Meiri
• Michael L. Rodkinson
  http://wn.com/Michael_L_Rodkinson
• 
  Moses
  Moses (, Modern Moshe Tiberian Mōšé; Greek: Mōüsēs in both the Septuagint and the New Testament; Arabic: , ) was, according to the Hebrew Bible, a religious leader, lawgiver, and prophet, to whom the authorship of the Torah is traditionally attributed. Also called Moshe Rabbenu in Hebrew (, Lit. "Moses our Teacher/Rabbi"), is the most important prophet in Judaism, and is also considered an important prophet by Christianity, Islam, the Bahá'í Faith, Rastafari, and many other faiths.
  http://wn.com/Moses
• Moses Chaim Luzzatto
  http://wn.com/Moses_Chaim_Luzzatto
• Moses Mielziner
  Moses Mielziner (August 12, 1828 in Szubin, Poznan Province, Poland - February 18, 1903 in Cincinnati) was an American Reform rabbi and author.
  http://wn.com/Moses_Mielziner
• 
  Moses Sofer
  Moses Schreiber, known to his own community and Jewish posterity as Moshe Sofer, also known by his main work Chasam Sofer, (trans. Seal of the Scribe and acronym for Chidushei Toras Moshe Sofer), (1762 - 1839), was one of the leading Orthodox rabbis of European Jewry in the first half of the nineteenth century. He was a teacher to thousands and a powerful opponent to the Reform movement, which was then making inroads into many Jewish communities in Austria-Hungary and beyond. As Rav of the city of Bratislava, he maintained a strong Orthodox Jewish perspective through communal life, first-class education, and uncompromising opposition to Reform and radical change.
  http://wn.com/Moses_Sofer
• Nachmanides
  http://wn.com/Nachmanides
• 
  Nahmanides
  Nahmanides, also known as Rabbi Moses ben Nachman Girondi, Bonastruc ça Porta and by his acronym Ramban, (Gerona, 1194 – Land of Israel, 1270), was a leading medieval Jewish scholar, Catalan rabbi, philosopher, physician, kabbalist, and biblical commentator.
  http://wn.com/Nahmanides
• Nathan ben Jehiel
  Nathan ben Jehiel of Rome (Hebrew: נתן בן יחיאל מרומי; '' Nathan ben Y'ḥiel Mi
  http://wn.com/Nathan_ben_Jehiel
• Nicholas Donin
  Nicholas Donin (Nicolas Donin) of La Rochelle, a Jewish convert to Christianity in early thirteenth-century Paris, is known for his role in the 1240 Disputation of Paris, which resulted in a decree to publicly burn all available manuscripts of the Talmud.
  http://wn.com/Nicholas_Donin
• Nissim Ben Jacob
  Nissim Ben Jacob (990–1062), also known as Rav Nissim Gaon, was a rabbi best known today for his Talmudic commentary ha-Mafteach, by which title he is also known.
  http://wn.com/Nissim_Ben_Jacob
• Nissim of Gerona
  Rabbi Nissim ben Reuven (1320 - 1376, Hebrew: נסים בן ראובן) of Girona, Catalonia was an influential talmudist and authority on Jewish law. He was one of the last of the great Spanish medieval talmudic scholars. He is also known as the RaN (ר"ן, the Hebrew acronym of his name).
  http://wn.com/Nissim_of_Gerona
• 
  Pope Clement VIII
  :Not to be confused with Antipope Clement VIII.
  http://wn.com/Pope_Clement_VIII
• 
  Pope Gregory XIII
  Pope Gregory XIII (7 January 1502 – 10 April 1585), born Ugo Boncompagni, was Pope from 1572 to 1585.
  http://wn.com/Pope_Gregory_XIII
• 
  Pope Pius IV
  Pope Pius IV (31 March 1499 – 9 December 1565), born Giovanni Angelo Medici, was Pope from 1559 to 1565. He is notable for presiding over the culmination of the Council of Trent.
  http://wn.com/Pope_Pius_IV
• Rabbeinu Tam
  :R. Tam redirects here. For the character in Firefly, see River Tam.
  http://wn.com/Rabbeinu_Tam
• Rabbenu Tam
  http://wn.com/Rabbenu_Tam
• 
  Rashi
  :For the astrological concept, see Rāshi (Jyotiṣa).
  http://wn.com/Rashi
• Ravina II
  :For the Amora sage of the 5th and 6th generation, see: Ravina I.
  http://wn.com/Ravina_II
• Raymond Marti
  http://wn.com/Raymond_Marti
• Samson of Chinon
  Samson ben Isaac of Chinon (c. 1260 – c. 1330) (Hebrew: שמשון מקינון) was a French Talmudist who lived at Chinon. In Talmudic literature he is generally called after his native place, Chinon (Hebr. קינון), and sometimes by the abbreviation MaHaRShaḲ. He was a contemporary of Perez Kohen Gerondi, who, as reported by Isaac ben Sheshet, declared Samson to be the greatest rabbinical authority of his time (Responsa, No. 157).
  http://wn.com/Samson_of_Chinon
• Samuel Edels
  http://wn.com/Samuel_Edels
• Samuel Holdheim
  Samuel Holdheim (1806 – 22 August 1860) was a German rabbi and author, and one of the more extreme leaders of the early Reform Movement in Judaism. A pioneer in modern Jewish homiletics, he was often at odds with the Orthodox community.
  http://wn.com/Samuel_Holdheim
• Sephardi Jews
  Sephardi Jews (, plural: ; Spanish '; Portuguese ', Greek Sefardoi, Bulgarian , Turkish , Judaeo-Spanish Sefardies, Arabic: سفارديون) are:
  http://wn.com/Sephardi_Jews
• Shalom Shachna
  Shalom Shachna (died 1558) was a rabbi and Talmudist, and Rosh Yeshiva of several great Acharonim including Moses Isserles, who was also his son-in-law.
  http://wn.com/Shalom_Shachna
• Shaye J.D. Cohen
  http://wn.com/Shaye_JD_Cohen
• Solomon ben Adret
  http://wn.com/Solomon_ben_Adret
• Solomon Luria
  Solomon Luria (1510 - November 7, 1573) (Hebrew: שלמה לוריא) was one of the great Ashkenazic poskim (decisors of Jewish law) and teachers of his time. He is known for his work of Halakha, Yam Shel Shlomo, and his Talmudic commentary Chochmat Shlomo. Luria is also referred to as Maharshal מהרש"ל (Hebrew abbreviation: Our Teacher, Rabbi Solomon Luria), or Rashal רש"ל (Rabbi Solomon Luria).
  http://wn.com/Solomon_Luria
• 
  Solomon Schechter
  Solomon Schechter (Hebrew: שניאור זלמן שכטר; December 7, 1847-
  http://wn.com/Solomon_Schechter
• 
  Theodosius II
  Theodosius II (; 10 April 401 – 28 July 450), commonly surnamed Theodosius the Younger, or Theodosius the Calligrapher, was the Eastern Roman (Byzantine) Emperor from 408 to 450. He is mostly known for promulgating the Theodosian law code, and for the construction of the Theodosian Walls of Constantinople. He also presided over the outbreak of two great christological controversies, Nestorianism and Eutychianism.
  http://wn.com/Theodosius_II
• 
  Vilna Gaon
  Elijah ben Shlomo Zalman, () known as the Vilna Gaon or Elijah of Vilna and simply by his Hebrew acronym Gra ("Gaon Rabbenu Eliyahu"), (b. Vilnius April 23, 1720, d. Vilaus October 9, 1797), was a Talmudist, halachist, kabbalist, and the foremost leader of non-hasidic Jewry of the past few centuries. He is commonly referred to in Hebrew as ''ha'Gaon ha'Chasid mi'Vilna'', "the saintly genius from Vilnius."
  http://wn.com/Vilna_Gaon
• 
  Wilhelm Bacher
  Wilhelm Bacher (; , Benjamin Ze'ev Bacher‎; 1850, January 12 - 1913, January 25, Budapest) was a Jewish Hungarian scholar, rabbi, Orientalist and linguist, born in Liptó-Szent-Miklós, Hungary to the Hebrew writer Simon Bacher. Wilhelm was himself an incredibly prolific writer, authoring or co-authoring approximately 750 works in an unfortunately short life. He was a contributor to many collaborative projects (encyclopedias), and was a major contributor to the landmark Jewish Encyclopedia throughout all its 12 volumes . Although almost all of Bacher's works were written in German or Hungarian, at the urging of Hayyim Nahman Bialik many were subsequently translated into Hebrew by Alexander Siskind Rabinovitz.
  http://wn.com/Wilhelm_Bacher
• Yair Bacharach
  Rabbi Yair Chayim Bacharach (1639, Lipník nad Bečvou, Moravia — 1702) was a German rabbi, initially in Koblenz and remainder of his life in Worms and Metz. His grandmother Chava was a granddaughter of the Maharal of Prague, and his father and grandfather had served as rabbis of Metz.
  http://wn.com/Yair_Bacharach
• Yechiel of Paris
  Yechiel ben Joseph of Paris (Jehiel of Paris) was a major Talmudic scholar and Tosafist from northern France, father-in-law of Isaac ben Joseph of Corbeil. He was a disciple of Rabbi Judah Messer Leon, and succeeded him in 1225 as head of the Yeshiva of Paris, which then boasted some 300 students; his best known student was Meir of Rothenburg. He is the author of many Tosafot.
  http://wn.com/Yechiel_of_Paris
• Yehudai Gaon
  Yehudai ben Nahman or Yehudai Gaon (Hebrew: יהודאי גאון) was the head of the yeshiva in Sura from 757 to 761, during the Gaonic period of Judaism. He was originally a member of the academy of Pumbedita, but the exilarch Solomon ben Hisdai appointed him as Gaon of Sura as "there is no one there (at Sura) as distinguished as he is for wisdom".
  http://wn.com/Yehudai_Gaon
• Yom Tov Asevilli
  Yom Tov ben Avraham Asevilli (1250–1330), commonly known by the Hebrew acronym as the Ritva, was a medieval rabbi and Halakhist famous for his commentary on the Talmud. The name "Asevilli" (sometimes pronounced "Ishbili") is a Hebrew rendering of the Arabic Isbili, meaning "from Seville".
  http://wn.com/Yom_Tov_Asevilli

• 
  Brandenburg
  Brandenburg (; Lower Sorbian: Bramborska; Upper Sorbian: Braniborska) is one of the sixteen federal-states of Germany. It lies in the east of the country and is one of the new federal states that were re-created in 1990 upon the reunification of the former West Germany and East Germany. The capital is Potsdam. Brandenburg surrounds but does not include the national capital and city-state of Berlin.
  http://wn.com/Brandenburg
• Caesaria
  http://wn.com/Caesaria
• 
  Cremona
  :Cremonese redirects here. For the football team, see U.S. Cremonese.
  http://wn.com/Cremona
• 
  France
  {{Infobox Country
  http://wn.com/France
• 
  Kairouan
  Kairouan (Arabic القيروان) (also known as Kirwan, Al Qayrawan), is the capital of the Kairouan Governorate in Tunisia. Referred to as the Islamic Cultural Capital, it is considered the fourth most holy city in Islam, and is a UNESCO World Heritage site. The city was founded by the Arabs around 670 in the period of Caliph Mu'awiya, becoming an important center for Islamic and Quranic learning, and thus attracting a large number of Muslims from various parts of the world, next only to Mecca and Medina. The holy Mosque of Uqba is situated in the city.
  http://wn.com/Kairouan
• 
  Kamianets-Podilskyi
  Kamianets-Podilskyi (, translit. Kam’ianets’-Podil’s’kyi; also referred to as Kamyanets-Podilsky or Kamenets-Podolsky; see Nomenclature section below for more names) is a city located on the Smotrych River in western Ukraine, to the north-east of Chernivtsi. Formerly the administrative center of the Khmelnytskyi Oblast (, translit. Khmelnyts’ka oblast’), the city is now the administrative center of the Kamianets-Podilskyi Raion (district) within the Khmelnytsky Oblast (province), after the administrative center of the oblast was moved from the city of Kamianets-Podilskyi to the city of Khmelnytskyi in 1941. The city itself is also designated as a separate raion within the oblast.
  http://wn.com/Kamianets-Podilskyi
• 
  Kraków
  Kraków (), also spelled Krakow or Cracow ( [http://www.m-w.com/cgi-bin/audio.pl?ggkrak03.wav listen]), is the second largest and one of the oldest cities in Poland. Its historic centre was inscribed on the list of World Heritage Sites as the first of its kind. Situated on the Vistula River () in the Lesser Poland region, the city dates back to the 7th century. Kraków has traditionally been one of the leading centres of Polish academic, cultural and artistic life and is one of Poland's most important economic centres. It was the capital of Poland from 1038 to 1596; the capital of the Grand Duchy of Kraków from 1846 to 1918; and the capital of Kraków Voivodeship from the 14th century to 1999. It is now the capital of the Lesser Poland Voivodeship.
  http://wn.com/Kraków
• 
  Lublin
  Lublin (, Liublin, Loblin) is the ninth largest city in Poland. It is the capital of Lublin Voivodeship with a population of 350,392 (June 2009). Lublin is also the largest Polish city east of the Vistula river. Lublin is a candidate for the title of European Capital of Culture in 2016.
  http://wn.com/Lublin
• Nehardea
  Nehardea or Nehardeah (Hebrew: ) was a city of Babylonia, situated at or near the junction of the Euphrates with the Nahr Malka (also known as Nâr Sharri, Ar-Malcha, Nahr el-Malik , and King's Canal), one of the earliest centers of Babylonian Judaism. As the seat of the exilarch it traced its origin back to King Jehoiachin. According to Sherira Gaon (Letter of Sherira Gaon, in Neubauer, M. J. C. i. 26), Jehoiachin and his coexilarchs built a synagogue at Nehardea, for the foundation of which they used earth and stones which they had brought, in accordance with the words of Psalms cii. 17 (A. V. 16), from Jerusalem (comp. a similar statement in regard to the founding of the Jewish neighbourhood in the Persian city of Ispahan, in Monatsschrift, 1873, pp. 129, 181). This was the synagogue called "Shaf we-Yatib," to which there are several references dating from the third and fourth centuries (R. H. 24b; Avodah Zarah 43b; Niddah 13a), and which Abaye asserts (Meg. 29a) was the seat of the Shekhinah in Babylonia. The Aaronic portion of the Jewish population of Nehardea was said to be descended from the slaves of Pashur ben Immer, the contemporary of King Jehoiachin (Kiddushin 70b).
  http://wn.com/Nehardea
• Nisibis
  http://wn.com/Nisibis
• 
  Padua
  Padua ( , , Latin: Patavium, ) is a city and comune in the Veneto, northern Italy. It is the capital of the province of Padua and the economic and communications hub of the area. Padua's population is 212,500 (). The city is sometimes included, with Venice (Italian Venezia), in the Padua-Venice Metropolitan Area, having a population of c. 1,600,000.
  http://wn.com/Padua
• 
  Rome
  Rome (; , ; ) is the capital of Italy and the country's largest and most populated city and comune, with over 2.7 million residents in . In 2006 the population of the metropolitan area was estimated by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development to have a population of 3.7 million.
  http://wn.com/Rome
• State of Israel
  http://wn.com/State_of_Israel
• 
  Tiberias
  Tiberias (; , Tverya ; , ) is a city on the western shore of the Sea of Galilee, Lower Galilee, Israel. Established in 20 CE, it was named in honour of the emperor Tiberius. Since the 16th century, Tiberias has been considered one of Judaism's Four Holy Cities, along with Jerusalem, Hebron and Safed. In the 2nd-10th centuries, Tiberias was the largest Jewish city in the Galilee, and the political and religious hub of the Jews of Palestine. According to Christian tradition, Jesus performed several miracles in the Tiberias district, making it an important pilgrimage site for devout Christians. Tiberias has historically been known for its hot springs, believed to cure skin and other ailments, for thousands of years.
  http://wn.com/Tiberias
• 
  University of Miami
  The University of Miami (informally referred to as UM, U of M, U Miami, Miami, or The U) is a private, non-sectarian university founded in 1925 with its main campus in the city of Coral Gables, Florida. In addition to its main campus, the University of Miami maintains a medical campus in Miami city proper at the Miami Civic Center and a marine research facility on Virginia Key.
  http://wn.com/University_of_Miami
• 
  Venice
  Venice ( , Venetian: Venesia) is a city in northern Italy known both for tourism and for industry, and is the capital of the region Veneto, with a population of about 272,000 (census estimate 1 January 2004). Together with Padua, the city is included in the Padua-Venice Metropolitan Area (population 1,600,000).
  http://wn.com/Venice

• Aaron Parry
• Abba Arika
• Abraham Abulafia
• Abraham Geiger
• Abraham ibn Akra
• Abraham Isaac Kook
• Achai Gaon
• Adin Steinsaltz
• aggadah
• Akiva Eger
• Ambrosius Frobenius
• Amora
• Amoraim
• Aramaic language
• Aristotelian logic
• Arnost Zvi Ehrman
• ArtScroll
• Asher ben Jehiel
• Asher ben Yechiel
• Ashkenazi Jews
• August Rohling
• Averroes
• Avraham Goldberg
• Azriel Hildesheimer
• Babylonia
• Babylonian
• Baraita
• Baruch Kimmerling
• Basel
• Bezalel Ashkenazi
• Brandenburg
• Brill Publishers
• Brisker method
• Caesaria
• Cairo Genizah
• Chaim Soloveitchik
• Christianity
• Christopher Hitchens
• Common Era
• Conservative Judaism
• Constantine I
• Cremona
• Daf Yomi
• Daniel Bomberg
• David Bar-Hayim
• David Duke
• David Tzvi Hoffman
• David Weiss Halivni
• David Zvi Hoffman
• Denis Diderot
• Dominican Order
• Ein Yaakov
• Eliezer of Touques
• Elizabeth Dilling
• emperor
• exegesis
• France
• Frankists
• Gaonic
• Gemara
• Geonim
• Gershom ben Judah
• Gil Student
• Hai Gaon
• Halakha
• Halakhic Midrash
• Haredi Judaism
• hasidic
• Haskala
• Hebrew alphabet
• Hebrew language
• Heinrich Graetz
• Henry Malter
• Hermann Strack
• Hermeneutics
• Hillel the Elder
• Hyam Maccoby
• image map
• Immanuel Benveniste
• Index Expurgatorius
• Inquisition
• Isaac Alfasi
• Isaac ben Samuel
• Isaac Campanton
• Isaac Hirsch Weiss
• Isaiah Horowitz
• Isidore Epstein
• Israel Shahak
• Italian Jews
• Jacob Hagiz
• Jacob ibn Habib
• Jacob Neusner
• Jacob Pollak
• Jason Aronson
• Jerusalem Talmud
• Jesus
• Jewish ethics
• Joel Sirkes
• Johann Reuchlin
• Johannes Buxtorf
• Johannes Buxtorf II
• Johannes Pfefferkorn
• John Lightfoot
• John Selden
• Joseph Caro
• Joseph ibn Migash
• Joseph ibn Verga
• Joshua Boaz
• Joshua dei Cantori
• José Faur
• Judah haNasi
• Judaism
• Judea
• Justinas Pranaitis
• Justinian I
• Kairouan
• Kamianets-Podilskyi
• Karaite Judaism
• Kodashim
• Kraków
• Land of Israel
• Late Antiquity
• Lazarus Goldschmidt
• Lee I. Levine
• Louis Jacobs
• Lublin
• Lublin Talmud
• Mahoza
• Maimonides
• Megillat Taanit
• Meir Abulafia
• Meir Lublin
• Meir Shapiro
• Menachem Meiri
• Menachem Romm
• Messiah
• Messianic Age
• Michael L. Rodkinson
• midrash
• Minor Tractates
• Mir yeshiva (Poland)
• Mishnah
• Mishnaic Hebrew
• Mishneh Torah
• Mordechai ben Hillel
• Mordechai Breuer
• Moses
• Moses Chaim Luzzatto
• Moses Mielziner
• Moses Sofer
• Mount Sinai
• Nachman Krochmal
• Nachmanides
• Nahmanides
• Nasi
• Nathan ben Jehiel
• Nehardea
• Nicholas Donin
• Niddah
• Nisibis
• Nissim Ben Jacob
• Nissim of Gerona
• Oral Torah
• oral tradition
• Orthodox Judaism
• Pablo Christiani
• Padua
• papal bull
• Pharisees
• pilpul
• Pirkei Avot
• Pope Clement VIII
• Pope Gregory XIII
• Pope Pius IV
• Pumbeditha
• Rabbeinu Tam
• Rabbenu Tam
• rabbi
• Rabbinic Judaism
• rabbinic literature
• Rashi
• Rav Ashi
• Ravina II
• Raymond Marti
• rebbe
• Recto
• reductionist
• Reform Judaism
• Renaissance
• Rishonim
• Roman Empire
• Rome
• Sadducees
• Samson of Chinon
• Samuel Edels
• Samuel Holdheim
• Samuel ibn Naghrela
• Sanhedrin
• Sassanid Empire
• Saul Lieberman
• Savora
• savoraim
• Second Temple
• semantics
• semicha
• Semitic root
• Sephardi Jews
• Shalom Shachna
• Shammai
• Shass Pollak
• Shaye J.D. Cohen
• Sherira Gaon
• Shev Shema'tata
• Shulchan Aruch
• siddur
• Simeon Kayyara
• Slavuta
• Solomon ben Adret
• Solomon Luria
• Solomon Schechter
• State of Israel
• state religion
• Sura Academy
• Tanakh
• Tannaim
• Targum
• Telz yeshiva
• The Talmud Unmasked
• Theodosius II
• Tiberias
• Tohorot
• Torah
• Torah study
• Tosafists
• Tosafot
• Tosefta
• University of Miami
• Uriel da Costa
• Venice
• vernacular
• Verso
• Vilna Edition Shas
• Vilna Gaon
• Wilhelm Bacher
• Yaakov Chaim Sofer
• Yad Ramah
• Yair Bacharach
• Yechiel of Paris
• Yehudai Gaon
• Yeshiva
• Yoel Sirkis
• Yom Tov Asevilli
• Zacharias Frankel
• Zechariah Agamati
• Zohar
• Zvi Hirsch Chajes

Talmud, Adam Filmography

• Jersey Samurai (2010)