Coordinates | 39°44′21″N104°59′5″N |
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name | Free Lossless Audio Codec |
logo | |
developer | Xiph.Org Foundation, Josh Coalson |
released | 20 July 2001 |
latest release version | 1.2.1 |
latest release date | |
operating system | Cross-platform |
genre | Audio codec, Audio file format |
license | command-line utilities: GNU GPLlibraries: BSD |
website | FLAC.SourceForge.net }} |
name | Free Lossless Audio Codec |
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extension | .flac |
mime | audio/x-flac |
genre | Audio |
standard | Specification }} |
FLAC is an open and royalty-free format with a free software implementation made available. FLAC has support for tagging, cover art, and fast seeking. Though FLAC playback support in portable audio devices and dedicated audio systems is limited compared to formats like MP3 or uncompressed PCM, FLAC is supported by more hardware devices than competing lossless compressed formats like WavPack.
On 29 January 2003, the Xiph.Org Foundation and the FLAC project announced the incorporation of FLAC under the Xiph.org banner. Xiph.org is behind other free compression formats such as Vorbis, Theora, Speex, and others.
On 17 September 2007, the version 1.2.1 was released.
"Free" means that the specification of the stream format can be implemented by anyone without prior permission (Xiph.org reserves the right to set the FLAC specification and certify compliance), and that neither the FLAC format nor any of the implemented encoding/decoding methods are covered by any patent. It also means that the reference implementation is free software. The sources for libFLAC and libFLAC++ are available under Xiph.org's BSD license, and the sources for flac, metaflac, and the plugins are available under the GPL.
In its stated goals, the FLAC project encourages its developers not to implement copy prevention features of any kind.
FLAC uses linear prediction to convert the audio samples to a series of small, uncorrelated numbers (known as the residual), which are stored efficiently using Golomb-Rice coding. It also uses run-length encoding for blocks of identical samples, such as silent passages. The technical strengths of FLAC compared to other lossless formats lie in its ability to be streamed and decoded quickly, which is independent of compression level. In a comparison of compressed audio formats, FFmpeg's FLAC implementation was noted to have the fastest and most efficient embedded decoder of any modern lossless audio format.
Since FLAC is a lossless scheme, it is suitable as an archive format for owners of CDs and other media who wish to preserve their audio collections. If the original media is lost, damaged, or worn out, a FLAC copy of the audio tracks ensures that an exact duplicate of the original data can be recovered at any time. An exact restoration from a lossy archive (e.g., MP3) of the same data is impossible. FLAC being lossless means it is highly suitable for transcode e.g. to MP3, without the normally associated transcoding quality loss. A CUE file can optionally be created when ripping a CD. If a CD is read and ripped perfectly to FLAC files, the CUE file allows later burning of an audio CD that is identical in audio data to the original CD, including track order, pregaps, and CD-Text. However, additional data present on some audio CDs such as lyrics and CD+G graphics are beyond the scope of a CUE file and most ripping software, so that data will not be archived.
The European Broadcasting Union (EBU) has adopted the FLAC format for the distribution of high quality audio over its Euroradio network.
FLAC is implemented as the libFLAC core encoder & decoder library with the main distributable program ''flac'' being the reference program utilizing the libFLAC API. This codec API is also available in C++ as libFLAC++.
The reference implementation of FLAC compiles on many platforms, including most Unix (such as Solaris and Mac OS X) and Unix-like (including Linux, BSD), Windows, BeOS, and OS/2 operating systems. There are build systems for autoconf/automake, MSVC, Watcom C, and Xcode. There is currently no multicore support in libFLAC.
For tagging, FLAC uses the same system as Vorbis comments.
Name | Description | Platform | ||
! Windows | ! Mac OS X | ! GNU/Linux | ||
Adobe Soundbooth | ||||
aTunes | ||||
ALLPlayer | ||||
Audacity | Since version 1.2.5 | |||
Cakewalk SONAR | Producer Edition version 7 and later. | |||
Easy Media Creator | ||||
Exact Audio Copy | ||||
FlaCuda | An experimental encoder released under the LGPL that runs on GPUs with OpenCL or CUDA support. On high end GPUs it has been reported to outperform CPU encoders by orders of magnitude. Multi-channel or higher than 16 bit depth are not yet supported. | |||
Flake (and libFlake) | An independent LGPL implementation purported to be faster at the same compression ratio than the reference libFlac; it also offers some experimental higher compression ratios. An experimental version that supports multiple threads/cores has been developed by a third party. | |||
FFmpeg | ||||
foobar2000 | With external encoder | |||
fre:ac | ||||
GoldWave | ||||
GOM Player | ||||
Grip is a cd-player and cd-ripper for the Gnome desktop. It has the ripping capabilities of cdparanoia builtin, but can also use external rippers (such as cdda2wav). | ||||
JetAudio | ||||
Juce | ||||
Since version 12.0.3xx | ||||
Media Go | ||||
MediaMonkey | ||||
MusicBee | Via flac.exe that is shipped with MusicBee and available separately at flac.sourceforge.net | |||
Nero Burning ROM | With optional external filter plug-in. | |||
REAPER | ||||
Samplitude | Since version 10.2 | |||
Version 9 and later | ||||
Sound Normalizer | Beginning with version 3 | |||
Beginning with version 7 | ||||
VLC media player | ||||
Added in version 7.1 | ||||
Winamp | Since 5.35 uses Flake. Versions before 5.54 generate an incorrect MD5 checksum. | |||
Not to be confused with Microsoft's XACT audio programming library. | ||||
Yahoo! Music Jukebox | ||||
Category:2001 introductions Category:2001 software Category:Lossless audio codecs Category:Free audio software Category:Free multimedia codecs, containers, and splitters Category:Xiph.Org projects Category:Cross-platform software
ca:FLAC cs:Free Lossless Audio Codec da:FLAC de:Free Lossless Audio Codec es:Free Lossless Audio Codec eo:FLAC fa:کدک صوتی بیاتلاف آزاد fr:Free Lossless Audio Codec gl:FLAC ko:FLAC id:FLAC it:Free Lossless Audio Codec he:FLAC lt:FLAC hu:Free Lossless Audio Codec nl:FLAC ja:FLAC no:FLAC pl:FLAC pt:FLAC ru:FLAC simple:FLAC sk:Free Lossless Audio Codec fi:FLAC sv:Free Lossless Audio Codec tr:FLAC uk:FLAC vi:FLAC yo:Free Lossless Audio Codec zh:FLACThis text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
Coordinates | 39°44′21″N104°59′5″N |
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name | Eduard KhilЭдуард Хиль |
alt | Eduard Khil in 2009 |
background | solo_singer |
birth name | Эдуард Анатольевич Хиль |
born | September 04, 1934Smolensk, Western Oblast, Russian SFSR, USSR |
origin | Leningrad, Russian SFSR, USSR |
occupation | Singer |
years active | 1955–present |
associated acts | Prepinaki |
website | http://edhill.narod.ru/ }} |
Eduard Anatolyevich Khil (; born 4 September 1934), sometimes anglicised as Edward Hill, is a Russian baritone singer and a recipient of the People's Artist Award of the RSFSR.
In 1977-1979, Khil taught solo singing at the Saint Petersburg State Theatre Arts Academy.
Khil has toured in over 80 countries and currently lives at Tolstoy House (Толстовский дом) in St. Petersburg.
After his singing career faded in the early 1990s, Khil re-entered private life and worked in a cafe in Paris, singing cabaret. Since 1997, Khil has been involved with his son in a joint project with the rock group Prepinaki.
For his 75th birthday, Khil was awarded the Order of Merit for the Fatherland, 4th Class in 2009 by Russia and in 2010 performed in St. Petersburg's Victory Day Parade.
After retiring from a singing career, Khil slowly faded into obscurity in his later years. In 2010, Khil reclaimed the spotlight when he became the subject of the viral ''Trololo'' internet meme on YouTube, thanks to the spreading popularity of a single-serving website "Trololololololololololo.com" featuring a 1966 video of a vocalised version of the song, "I Am Glad I'm Finally Going Home" (Я очень рад, ведь я, наконец, возвращаюсь домой).
Khil's manner of execution of songs is unique and easily recognizable in Russia, characterized by charm, always having a great sounding bright, sonorous voice and the flight of lyrical baritone, with the powerful charge of optimism and humour. On the stage Khil kept very confident, smart, accompanying singing light dance moves and spectacular gestures. By never changing his academic style of singing, Khil enjoyed enviable career longevity.
The family name ''Khil'' is not derived from ''Hill'', as it is reported on various web sites. The singer stated in an interview that he probably has a Spanish ancestor with the surname ''Gil'', which is pronounced similar to ''hill''.
The "Trololo" meme in turn re-ignited interest in Khil's singing career aside from his vocalised performance; for a time, the "Trololo" website included a petition for Khil to come out of retirement to perform on a world tour.
Arkady Ostrovsky's son, Mikhail, gives another version of the vocalise story: }}
Khil's son was quoted as saying "He thinks maybe someone is trying to make a fool of him," and "He keeps asking, 'Where were all these journalists 40 years ago?'"
Category:1934 births Category:Living people Category:People from Smolensk Category:Russian singers Category:People's Artists of the RSFSR Category:Recipients of the Order of the Red Banner of Labour Category:Order of Merit for the Fatherland recipients Category:Viral videos Category:Saint Petersburg Conservatory alumni
ar:إدوارد خيل an:Eduard Khil ca:Eduard Khil de:Eduard Anatoljewitsch Chil es:Eduard Jil fr:Édouard Khil gl:Eduard Khil it:Eduard Chil' lv:Eduards Hiļs nl:Eduard Khil no:Eduard Khil pl:Eduard Chil pt:Eduard Khil ro:Eduard Hil ru:Хиль, Эдуард Анатольевич fi:Eduard Hil sv:Eduard Khil vi:Eduard Anatolyevich KhilThis text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
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