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Buddhism
Buddhism (Pali/Sanskrit: बौद्ध धर्म Buddha Dharma) is a religion and philosophy encompassing a variety of traditions, beliefs and practices, largely based on teachings attributed to Siddhartha Gautama, commonly known as the Buddha (Pāli/Sanskrit "the awakened one"). The Buddha lived and taught in the northeastern Indian subcontinent some time between the 6th and 4th centuries BCE. He is recognized by adherents as an awakened teacher who shared his insights to help sentient beings end suffering (or dukkha), achieve nirvana, and escape what is seen as a cycle of suffering and rebirth.
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BYD Auto
BYD Auto (simplified Chinese: 比亚迪汽车; Pinyin: Bǐyàdí Qìchē) is a Chinese automobile manufacturer based in Shenzhen, Guangdong Province. The firm was established in 2003, and it is a part of BYD Co Ltd, an innovative rechargeable battery maker. In 2009, the company sold 448,400 cars in China, of which about two-third were the BYD F3 model.
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Chang'an Airlines
Chang’an Airlines Co., Ltd. (长安航空) is an airline based in Xi'an, Shaanxi, the People's Republic of China. It operates scheduled, passenger and cargo services within Shaanxi province and to neighbouring provinces. Its main base is Xi'an Xianyang International Airport, with a hub at Yinchuan Hedong Airport.
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CRH2
http://wn.com/CRH2 -
District of China
http://wn.com/District_of_China -
Dong Zhuo
Dong Zhuo (138 - May 22, 192) was a general during the late Eastern Han Dynasty of China. He seized control of the capital city Luoyang in 189 when it was in a state of turmoil following the death of Emperor Ling and a clash between the eunuch faction and some court officials led by General-In-Chief He Jin. Dong Zhuo subsequently deposed Emperor Shao and instated Emperor Xian.
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Gu Changwei
Gu Changwei () (born December 12, 1957) is a Chinese cinematographer and film director. Gu was born in Xi'an, Shaanxi in the People's Republic of China. Gu is considered one of the major Chinese cinematographers working today.
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Hao (city)
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Hui people
The Hui people (, Xiao'erjing: حُوِ ذَو ) are an ethnic group in China, typically distinguished by their practice of Islam, and many of whom are direct descendants of Silk Road travelers.
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Lenovo
Lenovo Group Limited (, ) is a Chinese-based multinational computer technology corporation that develops, manufactures and markets desktops and notebook personal computers, workstations, servers, storage drives, IT management software, and related services. Incorporated as Legend in Hong Kong in 1988, Lenovo's principal operations are currently located in Beijing, China, Morrisville, North Carolina in the United States, and Singapore, with research centers in those locations, as well as Shanghai, Shenzhen, Xiamen, and Chengdu in China, and Yamato in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan.
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Liu Bang
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Province (China)
A province, in the context of Chinese government, is a translation of sheng (), which is an administrative division. Together with municipalities, autonomous regions, and the special administrative regions, provinces make up the first level (known as the province level) of administrative division of People's Republic of China (PRC or commonly "China" for short). Provinces are also the first level division of the Republic of China, commonly known as "Taiwan", although this role has been diminished. Provinces were the first level division of the entire China (Republic of China) between 1912 to 1949 before it split into two Chinas in 1949.
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Qin Shi Huang
Qin Shi Huangdi (秦始皇) (259 BC – 210 BC), personal name Ying Zheng (嬴政), was king of the Chinese State of Qin from 246 BC to 221 BC during the Warring States Period. He became the first emperor of a unified China in 221 BC. He ruled until his death in 210 BC at the age of 49.
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Shaanxi
(; Postal map spelling: Shensi) is a province in the central part of Mainland China, and it includes portions of the Loess Plateau on the middle reaches of the Yellow River in addition to the Qinling Mountains across the southern part of this province. Shaanxi is the historical home, along with Gansu of the dialect of the Dungans, Hui people who emigrated out of China to Central Asia.
http://wn.com/Shaanxi -
Sub-provincial city
http://wn.com/Sub-provincial_city -
Xu Wei (musician)
Xǔ Wēi (Simplified Chinese: 许巍) is one of the best known rock musicians in China. He was born and raised in Pangliu village, near Xi'an.
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Xuan Zang
#REDIRECTXuanzang
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Xuanzang
Xuanzang () (c. 602 – 664) was a famous Chinese Buddhist monk, scholar, traveler, and translator who described the interaction between China and India in the early Tang period.
http://wn.com/Xuanzang -
Zhang Yimou
Zhang Yimou (born November 14, 1950 or 1951) is a Chinese film director, producer, writer and actor, and former cinematographer. He is counted amongst the Fifth Generation of Chinese filmmakers, having made his directorial debut in 1987 with Red Sorghum.
http://wn.com/Zhang_Yimou
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Baoji
Baoji () is a prefecture-level city in Shaanxi province, China.
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Beijing 798
http://wn.com/Beijing_798 -
Bell Tower of Xi'an
The '''Bell Tower of Xi'an''' (Chinese: 西安钟楼), built in 1384 during the early Ming Dynasty, is a symbol of the city of Xi'an and one of the grandest of its kind in China. The Bell Tower also contains several large bronze-cast bells from the Tang Dynasty. The tower base is square and it covers an area of 1,377 square meters. The tower is a brick and timber structure and close to 40 meters high.
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Birmingham
Birmingham ( , locally ) is a city and metropolitan borough in the West Midlands county of England. It is the most populous British city outside London with a population of 1,028,700 (2009 estimate), and lies at the heart of the West Midlands conurbation, the United Kingdom's second most populous Urban Area with a population of 2,284,093 (2001 census). Birmingham's metropolitan area, which includes surrounding towns to which it is closely tied through commuting, is also the United Kingdom's second most populous with a population of 3,683,000.
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Brasília
Brasília () is the capital of Brazil. The name is commonly spelled Brasilia in English. The city and its District are located in the Central-West region of the country, along a plateau known as Planalto Central. It has a population of about 2,557,000 (3,599,000 in the metropolitan area) as of the 2008 IBGE estimate, making it the fourth largest city in Brazil. However, as a metropolitan area, it ranks lower at sixth. It is listed as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO. Brasília hosts 119 foreign embassies.
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Brighton
Brighton () is the major part of the city of Brighton and Hove (formed from the previous towns of Brighton, Hove, Portslade and several other villages) in East Sussex on the south coast of Great Britain. For administrative purposes, Brighton and Hove is not part of the non-metropolitan county of East Sussex, but remains part of the ceremonial county of East Sussex.
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Chang'an
'''Chang'an () is an ancient capital of more than ten dynasties in Chinese history, today known as Xi'an'''. Chang'an literally means "Perpetual Peace" in Classical Chinese. During the short-lived Xin Dynasty, the city was renamed "Constant Peace" (); yet after its fall in the year AD 23, the old name was restored. By the time of the Ming Dynasty, the name was again changed to Xi'an, meaning "Western Peace", which has remained its name to the present day.
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Cusco
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http://wn.com/Cusco -
Córdoba, Argentina
Córdoba () is a city located near the geographical center of Argentina, in the foothills of the Sierras Chicas on the Suquía River, about northwest of Buenos Aires. It is the capital of Córdoba Province. Córdoba is the second-largest city in Argentina after the federal capital Buenos Aires, with about 1.3 million inhabitants according to the 2001 census. The city was founded on July 6, 1573 by Jerónimo Luis de Cabrera, who named it after Córdoba, Spain. It was one of the first Spanish colonial capitals of the region that is now Argentina (the older city was Santiago del Estero, founded in 1553). The Universidad Nacional de Córdoba is the oldest university in Argentina. It was founded in 1613 by the Jesuit Order.
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Daxing
http://wn.com/Daxing -
Dnipropetrovsk
Dnipropetrovsk ( ) or Dnepropetrovsk () formerly Yekaterinoslav (, , translit. Katerynoslav) is Ukraine's third largest city with 1.1 million inhabitants. It is located southeast of Ukraine's capital Kiev on the Dnieper River, in the south-central region of the country. Dnipropetrovsk is the administrative center of the Dnipropetrovsk Oblast (province).
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Drum Tower of Xi'an
The '''Drum Tower of Xi'an''' (西安鼓楼), located in the heart of Xi'an in Shaanxi province of China, along with the Bell Tower it is a symbol of the city. Erected in 1380 during the early Ming Dynasty, it stands towering above the city center and offers incredible view of Xi'an.
http://wn.com/Drum_Tower_of_Xi'an -
Edinburgh
Edinburgh (, or ; Scots: Edinburgh ; Scottish Gaelic: Dùn Èideann) is the capital city of Scotland, the second largest city in Scotland after Glasgow and the seventh-most populous in the United Kingdom. The City of Edinburgh Council is one of Scotland's 32 local government council areas. The council area includes urban Edinburgh and a 30-square-mile (78 km2) rural area.
http://wn.com/Edinburgh -
Esfahan
http://wn.com/Esfahan -
Frankfurt Airport
Frankfurt am Main Airport , known in German as Flughafen Frankfurt am Main or Rhein-Main-Flughafen is a major international airport located in Frankfurt am Main, Germany, southwest of the city centre. Run by Fraport, it is by far the busiest airport by passenger traffic in Germany, the third busiest in Europe and the ninth busiest worldwide in 2009. It serves the most international destinations in the world and is the busiest airport in Europe by cargo traffic. The southern side of the airport, Rhein-Main Air Base, was a major airlift base for the United States from 1947 until late 2005, when it was acquired by Fraport.
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Funabashi, Chiba
is a city located in Chiba, Japan. It was founded April 1, 1937. As of January 1, 2010, it has a population of 601,396 people, 7th most populous city in Greater Tokyo.
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Gyeongju
Gyeongju () is a coastal city in the far southeastern corner of North Gyeongsang province in South Korea. It is the second largest city by area in the province after Andong, covering with a population of 269,343 people according to the 2008 census. Gyeongju is southeast of Seoul, and east of the provincial capital, Daegu. The city borders Cheongdo and Yeongcheon to the west, Ulsan to the south and Pohang to the north, while to the east lies the coast of the Sea of Japan (East Sea). Numerous low mountains—outliers of the Taebaek range—are scattered around the city.
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Han Dynasty
The Han Dynasty (; ; 206 BCE – 220 CE) was the second imperial dynasty of China, preceded by the Qin Dynasty (221–206 BCE) and succeeded by the Three Kingdoms (220–265 CE). It was founded by the peasant rebel leader Liu Bang, known posthumously as Emperor Gaozu of Han. It was briefly interrupted by the Xin Dynasty (9–23 CE) of the former regent Wang Mang. This interregnum separates the Han into two periods: the Western Han (206 BCE – 9 CE) and Eastern Han (25–220 CE). Spanning over four centuries, the period of the Han Dynasty is considered a golden age in Chinese history. To this day, China's majority ethnic group refers to itself as the "Han people".
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Hao (city)
http://wn.com/Hao_(city) -
Hu County
Hu County is a county in Xi'an, Shaanxi, China, which has a population of about 570 thousand (as of 2003).
http://wn.com/Hu_County -
Iaşi
Iași () (also historically referred to as Jassy or Iassy) is a city and municipality in the Moldavia region, in north-eastern Romania. The city was the capital of the Principality of Moldavia from 1564 to 1859, then of the United Principalities of Wallachia and Moldavia between 1859–1862 and Romania between 1916–1918.
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Istanbul
Istanbul (), historically known as Constantinople(See Names of Istanbul for further information) is the largest city in Turkey and 5th largest city proper in the world with a population of 12.8 million, also making it the second largest metropolitan area in Europe by population, and the largest metropolitan city proper. Istanbul is also a megacity, as well as the cultural, economic, and financial centre of Turkey. The city covers 39 districts of the Istanbul province. It is located on the Bosphorus Strait and encompasses the natural harbour known as the Golden Horn, in the northwest of the country. It extends both on the European (Thrace) and on the Asian (Anatolia) sides of the Bosphorus, and is thereby the only metropolis in the world that is situated on two continents. Istanbul is a designated alpha world city.
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Jiankang
Jiankang (建康城 in pinyin: Jiànkāng chéng) was the capital city of the Eastern Jin Dynasty (317--420 CE) and Southern Dynasties. Its walls are extant ruins in the modern municipal region of Nanjing.
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Kaifeng
Kaifeng (; Postal map spelling: Kaifeng), formerly known as Bianliang (), Bianjing (), Daliang (), or simply Liang (), is a prefecture-level city in eastern Henan province, People's Republic of China. Located along the southern bank of the Yellow River, it borders the provincial capital of Zhengzhou to the west, Xinxiang to the northwest, Shangqiu to the east, Zhoukou to the southeast, Xuchang to the southwest, and the province of Shandong to the northeast.
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Kathmandu
Kathmandu (, pronounced: ; ) is the capital and largest metropolitan city of Nepal. The city is the urban core of the Kathmandu Valley in the Himalayas, which also contains two sister cities namely Patan or Lalitpur, to its southeast (an ancient city of fine arts and crafts) and Bhaktapur, to its east (city of devotees). It is also acronymed as 'KTM' and named 'tri-city'. Kathmandu valley is only slightly smaller than Singapore in terms of area.
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Kyoto
() is a city in the central part of the island of Honshū, Japan. It has a population close to 1.5 million. Formerly the imperial capital of Japan, it is now the capital of Kyoto Prefecture, as well as a major part of the Osaka-Kobe-Kyoto metropolitan area.
http://wn.com/Kyoto -
Lahore
Lahore ({{lang-pa|, {{lang-ur|, ) is the capital of the Pakistani province of Punjab and the second largest city in Pakistan after Karachi. The city lies along the Ravi River and is situated approximately from Wagah (the only road border crossing between India and Pakistan). Historically the main city of the undivided Punjab, Lahore has been a center of Muslim heritage since the Data Durbar is located here. It is often called the Garden of Mughals because of its rich Mughal heritage. It successively served as provincial/regional capital of the empires of the Shahi kingdoms in the 11th century, the Ghaznavids in the 12th century, the Ghurid State in the 12th and 13th century, the Mughal Empire in the 16th century, the Sikh Empire in the early 19th century, and it was the capital of the Punjab region under the British Raj in the mid 19th and early 20th century. Mughal structures such as the Badshahi Mosque, the Lahore Fort, Shalimar Gardens, and the mausolea of Jehangir and Nur Jehan are popular tourist attractions for the city. Lahore is also home to many British colonial structures built in the Mughal-Gothic style, such as the Lahore High Court, the General Post Office (GPO), the Lahore Museum, and many older universities including the University of the Punjab. Lahore is often referred to as the cultural heart of Pakistan, as it is the center of Pakistani arts, films and intelligentsia.
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Lintong District
Lintong District is a district in Xi'an, Shaanxi Province of China. The Terracotta Army and the Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor was discovered in March 1974 near this district.
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Loess Plateau
The Loess Plateau (), also known as the Huangtu Plateau, is a plateau that covers an area of some 640,000 km² in the upper and middle of China's Yellow River and China proper. Loess is the name for the silty sediment that has been deposited by wind storms on the plateau over the ages. Loess is a highly erosion-prone soil that is susceptible to the forces of wind and water; in fact, the soil of this region has been called the "most highly erodible soil on earth". The Loess Plateau and its dusty soil cover almost all of Shanxi, Shaanxi, and Gansu provinces, the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, and parts of others.
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Ming Dynasty
The Ming Dynasty (; ), or Empire of the Great Ming (, also anachronistically ), was the ruling dynasty of China from 1368 to 1644, following the collapse of the Mongol-led Yuan Dynasty. The Ming, "one of the greatest eras of orderly government and social stability in human history", was the last dynasty in China ruled by ethnic Hans. Although the Ming capital Beijing fell in 1644 to a rebellion led by Li Zicheng who established the Shun Dynasty, which was soon replaced by the Manchu-led Qing Dynasty, regimes loyal to the Ming throne (collectively called the Southern Ming Dynasty) survived until 1662.
http://wn.com/Ming_Dynasty -
Pompei
Pompei is a city and comune in the province of Naples in Campania, southern Italy.
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Qianling Mausoleum
The Qianling Mausoleum ({{zh|t=|s=|p=) is a Tang Dynasty (618–907) tomb site located in Qian County, Shaanxi province, China, and is 85 km (53 miles) northwest from Xi'an, formerly the Tang capital. Built by 684 (with additional construction until 706), the tombs of the mausoleum complex houses the remains of various members of the royal Li family. This includes Emperor Gaozong of Tang (r. 649–683), as well as his wife, the Zhou Dynasty usurper and China's first (and only) governing empress Wu Zetian (r. 690–705). The mausoleum is renowned for its many Tang Dynasty stone statues located above ground and the mural paintings adorning the subterranean walls of the tombs. Besides the main tumulus mound and underground tomb of Gaozong and Wu Zetian, there is a total of 17 smaller attendant tombs or peizang mu. Presently, only 5 of these attendant tombs have been excavated by archaeologists, three belonging to members of the royal family, one to a chancellor of China, and the other to a general of the left guard.
http://wn.com/Qianling_Mausoleum -
Qing
http://wn.com/Qing -
Québec City
http://wn.com/Québec_City -
Shaanxi
(; Postal map spelling: Shensi) is a province in the central part of Mainland China, and it includes portions of the Loess Plateau on the middle reaches of the Yellow River in addition to the Qinling Mountains across the southern part of this province. Shaanxi is the historical home, along with Gansu of the dialect of the Dungans, Hui people who emigrated out of China to Central Asia.
http://wn.com/Shaanxi -
Wei River
The Wei River () is a river in west-central China and is the largest tributary of the Yellow River. The source of the Wei River is close to Weiyuan County (渭源 literally means "Wei's source") in Gansu province, at less than 200 kilometres from the Yellow River at Lanzhou. However, due to the sharp turn north the Yellow River takes in Lanzhou, the Wei and the Yellow River do not meet for more than 2000 km further along the Yellow River's course. In a direct line, its source lies 700 kilometres west of the main city along its course, Xi'an in the Shaanxi province. The length of the river is 818 kilometres and the area drained covers 135.000 km². Its valley was one of the early cradles of Chinese civilization, along which the capitals of the Qin (viz. Xianyang), Han, Zhou, and Tang Dynasties were situated. The area in Dingxi City, Gansu Province, around its headwaters, has numerous stone age sites from various early cultures. In September 2003 extensive rainfall led to flooding that caused over 30 fatalities, and temporarily displaced over 300,000 persons. Ecological aspects of the Wei River have been examined with respect to flow rates in the Wei River.
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Wuhan
Wuhan (; ) is the capital of Hubei province, People's Republic of China, and is the most populous city in central China. It lies at the east of Jianghan Plain, and the intersection of the middle reaches of the Yangtze and Han River. Arising out of the conglomeration of three boroughs, Wuchang, Hankou, and Hanyang, Wuhan is known as "the nine provinces' leading thoroughfare"; it is a major transportation hub, with dozens of railways, roads and expressways passing through the city. The city of Wuhan, first termed as such in 1927, has a population of approximately 9,100,000 people (2006), with about 6,100,000 residents in its urban area. In the 1920s, Wuhan was the capital of a leftist Kuomintang (KMT) government led by Wang Jingwei in opposition to Chiang Kai-shek, now Wuhan is recognized as the political, economic, financial, cultural, educational and transportation center of central China.
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Xianyang
: ''This article is related to a city, for the airport located in the city, see Xi'an Xianyang International Airport''
http://wn.com/Xianyang -
Xingjiao Temple
Xingjiao Temple (Chinese: 兴教寺; Pinyin: Xīngjiào Sì) is located in Shaoling Yuan, Chang'an District of Xi'an City. The five-storied Buddhist Relic Pagoda, preserving the relics of Xuanzang (玄奘), is inside the temple, along with the pagodas of his desciples, Kuiji and Yuance.
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Yangling
http://wn.com/Yangling -
Yuan Dynasty
The Yuan Dynasty (; pinyin: Yuáncháo; ), ), or Great Yuan Empire () was a ruling dynasty founded by the Mongol leader Kublai Khan, who ruled most of present-day China, all of modern Mongolia and its surrounding areas, lasting officially from 1271 to 1368. It is considered both as a division or continuation of the Mongol Empire and as an imperial dynasty of China. In Chinese history, the Yuan Dynasty followed the Song Dynasty and preceded the Ming Dynasty. Although the dynasty was established by Kublai Khan, he had his grandfather Genghis Khan placed on the official record as the founder of the dynasty or Taizu (). Besides Emperor of China, Kublai Khan had also claimed the title of Great Khan, i.e. supremacy over the other Mongol khanates (Chagatai Khanate, Golden Horde, Ilkhanate); however this claim was only truly recognized by the Il-Khanids, who were nevertheless essentially self-governing. Although later emperors of the Yuan Dynasty were recognized by the three virtually independent western khanates as their nominal suzerains, they each continued their own separate developments. The Yuan is sometimes referred to as the Empire of the Great Khan, as the Mongol Emperors of the Yuan held the title of Great Khan of all Mongol Khanates.
http://wn.com/Yuan_Dynasty
- AIPH
- Athens
- Banpo
- Baoji
- Baqiao District
- Beijing 798
- Beijing Opera
- Bell Tower of Xi'an
- Birmingham
- Brasília
- Brighton
- Buddhism
- BYD Auto
- Chang'an
- Chang'an Airlines
- Chang'an School
- Chang'an University
- China Standard Time
- Chinese characters
- Chinese Civil War
- Chinese Opera
- Chinese renminbi
- Chuan Opera
- circumference
- Citroen
- City wall of Xi'an
- CRH2
- Cuju
- Cusco
- Córdoba, Argentina
- Daxing
- District of China
- Dnipropetrovsk
- Dong Zhuo
- Dortmund
- Drum Tower of Xi'an
- Dust storm
- East Asian monsoon
- Edinburgh
- Encarta
- equipment
- Esfahan
- Famen Temple
- Fenghao
- Frankfurt Airport
- Fraport
- Funabashi, Chiba
- Gaoling County
- Golden Bear
- Gu Changwei
- Guanzhong
- Gyeongju
- Han Chinese
- Han Dynasty
- Han Zhong
- Hao (city)
- Haojing
- Hebei Opera
- Henan
- Hu County
- Hui people
- Humidity
- Iaşi
- Istanbul
- Jianfu Temple
- Jiankang
- Kaifeng
- Kalamata
- Kathmandu
- Kuomintang
- Kyoto
- Labour_Day
- Lahore
- Lantian County
- Lantian Man
- Lenovo
- Lianhu District
- Lintong District
- Liu Bang
- Liu Chuanzhi
- Loess Plateau
- Luoyang
- mausoleum
- Ming Dynasty
- Mount Cuihua
- Mount Hua
- Mount Li
- Mount Taibai
- Mount Wangshun
- Mount Zhongnan
- Mount Zhuque
- Muslim
- Nara, Nara
- national security
- Neolithic
- Northwest China
- outsourcing
- pagoda
- Pagoda tree
- palace
- photovoltaics
- Pomegranate
- Pompei
- Province (China)
- Qianling Mausoleum
- Qin Dynasty
- Qin Shi Huang
- Qing
- Qinling Mountains
- Qinqiang
- Québec City
- Red Sorghum
- Sanqin Daily
- Sanskrit
- semi-arid climate
- Shaanxi
- Shaanxi Daily
- Shaanxi Dongsheng
- Shaanxi Music Radio
- Shaanxi Radio
- Shaanxi Television
- Shanghai 1933
- Silk Road
- software
- Southwest China
- Spring Festival
- Stele Forest
- Sub-provincial city
- Sui Dynasty
- Tang Dynasty
- Tang Paradise
- Temperateness
- Terracotta Army
- Three Kingdoms
- thunderstorm
- tourism
- Tuya's Marriage
- VW Santana
- Wei River
- Weicheng
- Weiyang Palace
- Wolong Temple
- Wuhan
- Xi Ming Temple
- Xi Qinqiang
- Xi'an Evening News
- Xi'an Incident
- Xi'an Music Radio
- Xi'an Palace
- Xi'an Television
- Xi-Han Expressway
- Xian Grooves
- Xianese
- Xianyang
- Xidian University
- Xindu
- Xingjiao Temple
- XIS School library
- Xu Wei (musician)
- Xuan Zang
- Xuanzang
- Yangling
- Yanliang District
- Yanta District
- Yin (city)
- Yu Opera
- Yuan Dynasty
- Zhang Chu
- Zhang Yimou
- Zheng Jun
- Zhou Dynasty
- Zhouzhi County
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China's Most Honourable City (Ancient Xi'an) - part 1-5
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:02
- Published: 08 Mar 2010
- Updated: 28 Mar 2012
Xian, the world's biggest city at one time and the birthplace of many engineering and architectural marvels of ancient China, is resurrected with computer animation, dramatizations and scientific revelations reliving the glory of its long-lost past. A massive, near-impenetrable wall encloses the ancient city of Xian, the starting point of the Silk Road route from China into Europe. Made from a base layer of earth, quick lime, and glutinous rice extract and further fortified by a layer of bricks, the strong wall snakes around the city at a length of 13.7 kilometres. Besides being an engineering achievement, the wall is also believed to be the world's largest and most complete ancient military defense system that remains intact today. MAN MADE MARVELS: CHINA'S FORGOTTEN CITY goes behind the walls of this fortress to provide invaluable insight into the military science and architecture of the Ming Dynasty.
http://wn.com/China's_Most_Honourable_City_Ancient_Xi'an__part_1-5
西安Xi'an
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:49
- Published: 30 Oct 2006
- Updated: 28 Mar 2012
Tour the Bell Tower and Muslim Quarter of an ancient Chinese city
http://wn.com/西安Xi'an
Tour of Xi'an, China - by EmmasTours (Xian)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:52
- Published: 23 Jul 2011
- Updated: 28 Mar 2012
www.EmmasTours.com We take a look at the top 7 sites in Xi'an 1) Bell Tower 2) Terracotta Warriors 3) Xi'an City Wall 4) Muslim Quarter 5) Big Wild Goose Pagoda 6) Shaanxi History Museum 7) Banpo Neolithic Village Coming to Xi'an? EmmasTours provides custom, intimate private tours of Xi'an. We would be happy to make your trip a special one.
http://wn.com/Tour_of_Xi'an,_China__by_EmmasTours_Xian
A Clip about Xi'an City
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:00
- Published: 10 Aug 2007
- Updated: 29 Mar 2012
Learn about Xi'an, Learn about China. A short video clip about Xi'an(The capital of Shaanxi Province).
http://wn.com/A_Clip_about_Xi'an_City
Xi'an Official City Trailer 'An ancient capital, a city of natural beauty' 华夏故都,山水之城
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:31
- Published: 18 Feb 2012
- Updated: 18 Feb 2012
Amazing city, fantastic time-lapse photography video~ Xi'an, the ancient capital of China, the representative city of Chinese culture with its former honorable name Chang'an, the city combined traditional culture with modern civilization~~
http://wn.com/Xi'an_Official_City_Trailer_'An_ancient_capital,_a_city_of_natural_beauty'_华夏故都,山水之城
Xi'an
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:04
- Published: 01 Oct 2009
- Updated: 19 Dec 2011
Video of Xi'an, China.
http://wn.com/Xi'an
Xi'an by Moto
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:29
- Published: 01 Sep 2011
- Updated: 01 Sep 2011
We took this motor taxi from Xi'an train station to our hostel near the south gate of the Xi'an wall, Shuyuan Hostel. During the ride, we ran into a couple beautiful women trying to get a taxi. Just a minor bump. www.thebjreviewer.com
http://wn.com/Xi'an_by_Moto
Xi'an Terracotta Warriors
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:35
- Published: 05 Jan 2007
- Updated: 26 Mar 2012
The highlight of our trip to Xi'an was a visit to the site of the Terra Cotta Warriors, here's a look at what we learned. UPDATE! There is a much better, high quality version here: www.youtube.com
http://wn.com/Xi'an_Terracotta_Warriors
Exploring Xian Shaanxi China
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:40
- Published: 13 Dec 2009
- Updated: 31 Mar 2012
Video of Xian city street, building and people. Wondering around the city
http://wn.com/Exploring_Xian_Shaanxi_China
Xi'an Pt 1
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:14
- Published: 06 Mar 2012
- Updated: 06 Mar 2012
A trip to Xi'an
http://wn.com/Xi'an_Pt_1
Andrew Zimmern at Xi'an Famous Foods: MSN's Appetite for Life
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:52
- Published: 18 Aug 2011
- Updated: 10 Feb 2012
andrew zimmern visits xi'an famous foods and tries some noodles
http://wn.com/Andrew_Zimmern_at_Xi'an_Famous_Foods_MSN's_Appetite_for_Life
Xi'an City wall by bicycle
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:36
- Published: 01 Sep 2011
- Updated: 01 Sep 2011
This is a little bit of our bumpy bicycle ride around the Xi'an city wall. The wall is 13.74 km long, according to the bike rental place, and is a nice way to see the city. www.thebjreviewer.com
http://wn.com/Xi'an_City_wall_by_bicycle
【Travelogue HQ】 Xi'an 西安/ Part 01 1/2
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 13:30
- Published: 18 Aug 2011
- Updated: 04 Nov 2011
Channel: CCTV-News International Program: Travelogue Date: 2008-11-03 Description: Xi'an 西安/ Part 01 1/2 Video Series ID: aJkYd92Xa98H9CeBuUbLLQ== Multipart Video ID: RyhyXYbltwMWlQjGzxFOsQ==
http://wn.com/【Travelogue_HQ】_Xi'an_西安/_Part_01_1/2
Moslem Street in Xi'an, China - spinning around the world
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:47
- Published: 29 Feb 2012
- Updated: 29 Feb 2012
Day 287 of 400...spinning around the world. We took a crazy walk down Moslem Street in Xi'an, China. The chaos, the noise, the smells...oh, and the people watching...
http://wn.com/Moslem_Street_in_Xi'an,_China__spinning_around_the_world
Xi'an Famous Foods on The Cooking Channel
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:12
- Published: 21 Jun 2010
- Updated: 08 Mar 2012
Our noodles are featured on the new Cooking Channel! www.xianfoods.com
http://wn.com/Xi'an_Famous_Foods_on_The_Cooking_Channel
Reminiscence - Xi'an Winter Campus Batch 1 Montage
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 11:35
- Published: 30 Nov 2011
- Updated: 08 Mar 2012
Xi'an Winter Campus Batch 1 Montage
http://wn.com/Reminiscence__Xi'an_Winter_Campus_Batch_1_Montage
Thrill The World 2009 XIAN SHAANXI CHINA
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:08
- Published: 25 Oct 2009
- Updated: 12 Mar 2012
25th ,Oct ,2009 Thrill The World 2009 XIAN SHAANXI CHINA
http://wn.com/Thrill_The_World_2009_XIAN_SHAANXI_CHINA
【Travelogue HQ】 Xi'an 西安/ Part 02 1/2
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 13:29
- Published: 18 Aug 2011
- Updated: 04 Nov 2011
Channel: CCTV-News International Program: Travelogue Date: 2008-11-04 Description: Xi'an 西安/ Part 02 1/2 Video Series ID: aJkYd92Xa98H9CeBuUbLLQ== Multipart Video ID: J4mWfi7iKa+s9QYXcwa5sw==
http://wn.com/【Travelogue_HQ】_Xi'an_西安/_Part_02_1/2
People in Xi'an
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:18
- Published: 09 Dec 2011
- Updated: 09 Dec 2011
西安世园会Xi'an EXPO 2011 - Promotion Video
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:14
- Published: 21 Oct 2010
- Updated: 01 Aug 2011
International Horticultural Exposition 2011 Xi'an China ************************************************************************************* An Ancient Capital, a City of Natural Beauty. Xi'an, a modern and ecological new city in China's central region, is rising up rapidly. The International Horticultural Exposition will be held in Xi'an in 2011. It will be another grand international gathering hosted by China after the Beijing 2008 Olympics and Expo 2010 Shanghai, as well as an important opportunity to showcase green civilization and promote the nation's image. Upon the approval of the International Association of Horticultural Producers (AIPH) and the State Council, the International Horticultural Exposition 2011 Xi'an will be held in the Chan-Ba Ecological District, Xi'an from April 28th to October 22nd, 2011 and will last for 178 days. The International Horticultural Exposition is sponsored by the People's Government of Shaanxi Province, the State Forestry Administration, PRChina, the China Council for the Promotion of International Trade and the China Flower Association. It is also co-sponsored by the Xi'an Municipal People's Government. At present, 105 cities and organizations at home and abroad have confirmed their participation in the event, which is expected to attract 12 million visitors. The actual site of the expo is Guangyun Lake. It is located at the bank of Chan-Ba known as "Bashang". Guangyun Lake was a major port in ancient China. During the Tianbao <b>...</b>
http://wn.com/西安世园会Xi'an_EXPO_2011__Promotion_Video
China Xi'an New Year ceremony 2011 - partial
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 10:35
- Published: 10 Feb 2011
- Updated: 29 Dec 2011
China's most ancient capital city - Xi'an, welcomed the first light of 2011 with a grand ceremony at the foot of Big Wild Goose Pagoda. China's magnificent Tang Dynasty cultural and dance were brought to live in front of millions of audience... Big Wild Goose Pagoda, is a Buddhist pagoda located in southern Xi'an,Shaanxi province, China. It was built in 652 during the Tang Dynasty and is one of the most famous Buddhist temples in China. One of the pagoda's many functions was to hold sutras and figurines of the Buddha that were brought to China from India by the Buddhist monk translator and traveller Xuanzang in 626.
http://wn.com/China_Xi'an_New_Year_ceremony_2011__partial
Preserving the Terracotta Warriors of Xian
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:33
- Published: 11 Sep 2008
- Updated: 04 Nov 2011
Over 8000 terracotta soldiers were buried alongside an ancient Chinese Emperor, 2200 years ago. When the burial chambers were discovered in 1974, it was hailed as one of the world's great archeological finds. However after being uncovered, the warriors became vulnerable to fungi, which threatened to destroy them. A Johnson & Johnson company, Janssen Pharmaceutica in Xian, China, provided anti-fungal solutions to help solve the problem and preserve this historic wonder.
http://wn.com/Preserving_the_Terracotta_Warriors_of_Xian
Nights Of Xi'an
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:39
- Published: 22 Jan 2011
- Updated: 25 Feb 2012
Episode 3 : Our 2nd destination was Xi'an, the capital of the Shaanxi province, and a sub-provincial city in the People's Republic of China. As one of the oldest cities in China, with more than 3100 years of history, the city was known as Chang'an before the Ming Dynasty.Xi'an is one of...
http://wn.com/Nights_Of_Xi'an
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| Coordinates | 30°19′10″N81°39′36″N |
|---|---|
| Name | Xi'an |
| Official name | 西安市 |
| Native name | 西安 |
| Other name | Chang'an · 长安 |
| Settlement type | Sub-provincial city |
| Map caption | Location in Shaanxi province |
| Pushpin map | China |
| Pushpin label position | |
| Pushpin map caption | Location within China |
| Coordinates display | inline,title |
| Coordinates region | CN-61 |
| Subdivision type | Country |
| Subdivision name | People's Republic of China |
| Subdivision type1 | Province |
| Subdivision name1 | Shaanxi |
| Leader title | CPC Xi'an |
| Leader name | Sun Qingyun (孙清云) |
| Leader title1 | Mayor |
| Leader name1 | Chen Baogen (陈宝根) |
| Area magnitude | 1 E9 |
| Area total km2 | 9983 |
| Area forest km2 | 5390.82 |
| Area urban km2 | 826 |
| Area blank1 title | Yangling |
| Area blank1 km2 | 94 |
| Population urban | 3340000 |
| Population density urban km2 | auto |
| Population as of | 2010 |
| Population total | 8467837 |
| Population density km2 | auto |
| Location | 34°16' N 108°54' E |
| Elevation m | 405 |
| Timezone | CST |
| Utc offset | +8 |
| Postal code type | Postal code |
| Postal code | 710000 - 710090''' |
| Area code | +86/29 |
| Blank name | GDP |
| Blank info | (2008) |
| Blank1 name | - Total |
| Blank1 info | ¥ 219 billion |
| Blank2 name | - Per capita |
| Blank2 info | ¥26,259 |
| Blank3 name | License plate prefixes |
| Blank3 info | 陕A |
| Blank4 name | City flower |
| Blank4 info | Pomegranate flower |
| Blank5 name | City tree |
| Blank5 info | Pagoda tree |
| Website | http://www.xa.gov.cn/ |
| Footnotes | }} |
Xi'an () is the capital of the Shaanxi province, and a sub-provincial city in the People's Republic of China. One of the oldest cities in China, with more than 3,100 years of history, the city was known as Chang'an before the Ming Dynasty. Xi'an is one of the Four Great Ancient Capitals of China, having held that position under several of the most important dynasties in Chinese history, including Zhou, Qin, Han, Sui, and Tang. Xi'an is the eastern terminus of the Silk Road and home to the Terracotta Army.
Since the 1990s, as part of the economic revival of interior China especially for the central and northwest regions, the city of Xi'an has re-emerged as an important cultural, industrial and educational centre of the central-northwest region, with facilities for research and development, national security and China's space exploration program. It's now one the main inland China built up area with more than 7 million inhabitants including urban parts of Xianyang (''Weicheng and Xindu districts'').
Name
The two Chinese characters "西安" in the name Xi'an literally mean "Western Peace". During the Zhou Dynasty, the area was called Fenghao, with the portion of the city on the west bank of the Feng River called Feng and the portion on the east called Hao. It was renamed Chang'an, meaning "Perpetual Peace", during the Han Dynasty (206 BCE - 220 CE). It changed in 581 CE to Daxing (大興) during the Sui Dynasty then again became Chang'an from 618 CE during the Tang Dynasty. During the Yuan Dynasty (1270-1368 CE), the city was first given the name Fengyuan (奉元), followed by Anxi (安西) then Jingzhao (京兆). It finally became Xi'an in the year 1369 CE at the time of the Ming Dynasty. This name remained until 1928, then in 1930 it was renamed Xijing (西京), or "Western Capital". The city's name once again reverted to its Ming-era designation of Xi'an in the year 1943.Xi'an is abbreviated in Chinese to either Hao or Tang (唐). The former abbreviation is derived from the Zhou Dynasty name Haojing, whilst the latter comes from the name of the Tang Dynasty.
History
Xi'an has a rich and culturally significant history. The Lantian Man was discovered in 1963 in Lantian County, 50 km southeast of Xi'an, and dates back at least 500,000 years before present. A 6,500 year old Banpo Neolithic village in was discovered in 1954 on the outskirts of the city proper.
Xi'an became a cultural and political centre of China in the 11th century BCE with the founding of the Zhou Dynasty. The capital of Zhou was established in the twin settlements of Fengjing (灃京) and Haojing, together known as Fenghao, located south west of contemporary Xi'an. Following the Warring States Period, China was unified under the Qin Dynasty (221-206 BCE) for the first time, with the capital located at Xianyang, just northwest of modern Xi'an. The first emperor of China, Qin Shi Huang ordered the construction of the Terracotta Army and his mausoleum just to the east of Xi'an almost immediately after his ascension to the throne.
In 202 BCE, the founding emperor Liu Bang of the Han Dynasty established his capital in Chang'an County; his first palace Changle Palace (長樂宮, ''perpetual happiness'') was built across the river from the ruin of the Qin capital. This is traditionally regarded as the founding date of Chang'an, or Xi'an. Two years later, Liu Bang built Weiyang Palace north of modern Xi'an. The original Xi'an city wall was started in 194 BCE and took 4 years to finish. Upon completion, the wall measured in length and in thickness at the base, enclosing an area of . In the year 190, amidst uprisings and rebellions just prior to the Three Kingdoms Period, a powerful warlord named Dong Zhuo moved the court from Luoyang to Chang'an in a bid to avoid a coalition of other powerful warlords against him.
Following several hundred years of unrest, Sui Dynasty united China again in 582. The emperor of Sui ordered a new capital to be built southeast of the Han capital, called Daxing (大興, ''great prosperity''). It consisted of three sections: the Xi'an Palace, the Imperial City, and the civilian section, with a total area of 84 km² within the city walls. At the time, it was the largest city in the world. The city was renamed Chang'an in the Tang Dynasty. In the mid-7th century, after returning from his pilgrimage to India, Buddhist monk Xuan Zang (popularly known as ''Tang Sanzang'') established a translation centre for Sanskrit scriptures.
Construction of the Great Wild Goose Pagoda began in 652. This pagoda was in height, and was built to store the translations of Buddhist sutras obtained from India by the Xuan Zang. In 707, construction of the Small Wild Goose Pagoda began, and measured tall at the time of completion. The massive 1556 Shaanxi earthquake eventually damaged the tower and reduced its height to .
Chang'an was devastated at the end of the Tang Dynasty in 904. Residents were forced to move to the new capital city in Luoyang. Only a small area in the city continued to be occupied thereafter. During the Ming Dynasty, a new wall was constructed in 1370 and remains intact to this day. The wall measures 11.9 km in circumference, in height, and in thickness at the base; a moat was also built outside the walls. The new wall and moat would protect a much smaller city of 12 km².
In October 1911, during the revolution in which the Qing Dynasty was overthrown, the Manchus living in the north-eastern zone within the city walls were massacred. In 1936, the Xi'an Incident took place inside the city during the Chinese Civil War. The incident brought the Kuomintang (KMT) and Communist Party of China to a truce to in order to concentrate on fighting against the Japanese Invasion.
On May 4, 2010, a new metro tunnel started in Xi’an, which will ease the move for commuter travel from surface streets to below ground.
Geography and climate
Geography
Xi'an lies on the Guanzhong Plain in central China, on a flood plain created by the eight surrounding rivers and streams. The city has an average elevation of above sea level and an annual precipitation of . The urban area of Xi'an is located at . The Wei River provides potable water to the city.The city borders the northern foot of the Qinling Mountains to the south, and the banks of the Wei River to the north. Hua Shan, one of the five sacred Taoist mountains, is located 100 km away to the east of the city. Not far to the north is the Loess Plateau.
At the beginning of Han Dynasty, Prime Minister Zhang Liang advised the emperor Liu Bang to choose Guanzhong as the capital of the Han Dynasty: 'Guanzhong Plain, which is located behind Xiao Pass and Hangu Pass, connects Long Plain and Shu Plain. Land of thousands miles and rich in harvest can be found here, as if this place is belongs to the nation of the heaven.' ("关中左崤函, 右陇蜀, 沃野千里, 此所谓金城千里, 天府之国也" 《史记·留侯世家》) Since then, Guanzhong is also known as 'Nation of the Heaven'.
National Time Service Centre
The Shaanxi Astronomical Observatory was established in 1966. In 1975, according to the Geodetic Origin Report of the People's Republic of China, 'in order to avoid bias in the mensuration as much as possible, the Geodetic Origin would be in central mainland China.' Jingyang (泾阳), a town near Xi'an was chosen. Since 1986, Chinese Standard Time (CST) was set from NTSC. The NTSC at Jingyang is 36 km away from Xi'an. Distances to the national borders are 880 km to the North, 2500 km to the Northeast, 1000 km to the East, 1750 km to the South, 2250 km to the Southwest, 2930 km to the West, and 2500 km to the Northwest.
National Time Service Centre (NTSC), the Chinese Academy of Sciences is an institute which is mainly engaged in the service and research on time and frequency. NTSC takes charge of generating and maintaining the national standard time scale, disseminating the time and frequency signals. The autonomous standard time scales of universal time and atomic time and the dissemination techniques with LF radio and HF radio were established successively during the 1970s and 1980s, which meet all the requirements for different applications on the whole, such as the scientific researches, national economy, etc.
Climate
Xi'an has a temperate, semi-arid climate (Köppen ''BSk'') influenced by the East Asian monsoon. The Wei River valley is characterised by hot, humid summers and cold, dry winters. Spring and autumn are somewhat brief and dry. Xi'an receives most of its annual precipitation from August to late October in the form of rain. Snow occasionally falls in winter but rarely settles for long. Dust storms often occur during March and April as the city rapidly warms up. Summer months also experience frequent but short thunderstorms. Monthly mean temperatures range from around the freezing mark in January to in July, with an annual average of . Extreme temperatures have ranged from to .
Demographics
By the end of 2005, Xi'an had a population of 8.07 million. Compared to the census data from 2000, the population has increased by 656,700 persons from 7.41 million. The population is 51.66% male and 48.34% female. The district with the most population is ''YanTa Qu'', with 1.08 million inhabitants.The majority of Xi'an residents are Han Chinese, who make up 99.1% of the city's total population. There are around 81,500 people belonging to ethnic minorities living in Xi'an, including 50,000 Muslim Hui people concentrated in the ''Muslim quarter'', which is also home to the 1,360 year old Great Mosque of Xi'an.
During World War II, Xi'an became a destination for many refugees from other provinces of China, especially neighboring Henan Province. Because Xi'an was far inland, the invading Japanese army only managed a few aerial assaults on the city. As a result, Xi'an suffered minimal destruction. After 1949, the national government tried to balance the development in different regions of China, and relocated a number of factories and universities from other cities to Xi'an. Modern Xi'an Jiaotong University was relocated from its original campus in Shanghai.
Subdivision
The sub-provincial city of Xi'an has direct jurisdiction over 9 districts (区 ''qu'') and 4 counties (县 ''xian''):{| |- ! rowspan=16 | ! align=left| Subdivision ! align=right| ! align=right|Population ! align=right|Land area | ! align=left| Subdivision ! align=right| ! align=right|Population ! align=right|Land area |- | | | align=right | ''as of 2006'' | align=right | ''km²'' | | | | align=right | ''as of 2006'' | align=right | ''km²'' |- |Colspan=3 align=center| ''Xi'an City Proper'' | |Colspan=5 align=center| ''Xi'an Suburban and Rural'' |- | align=left|■ Beilin-qu | align=right|碑林区 | align=right|700,000 | align=right|22.0 | | align=left|■ Chang'an-qu | align=right|长安区 | align=right|930,000 | align=right|1583 |- | align=left|■ Yanta-qu | align=right|雁塔区 | align=right|690,000 | align=right|152.0 | | align=left|■ Yanliang-qu | align=right|阎良区 | align=right|240,000 | align=right|240.0 |- | align=left|■ Weiyang-qu | align=right|未央区 | align=right|410,000 | align=right|261 | | align=left|■ Lintong-qu | align=right|临潼区 | align=right|670,000 | align=right|898.0 |- | align=left|■ Baqiao-qu | align=right|灞桥区 | align=right|450,000 | align=right|322 | |- | align=left|■ Xincheng-qu | align=right|新城区 | align=right|490,000 | align=right|31.0 | | align=left|■ Lantian-xian | align=right|蓝田县 | align=right|640,000 | align=right|1,977.0 |- | align=left|■ Lianhu-qu | align=right|莲湖区 | align=right|600,000 | align=right|38.00 | | align=left|■ Zhouzhi-xian | align=right|周至县 | align=right|630,000 | align=right|2,956.0 |- | | align=left|■ Hu-xian | align=right|户县 | align=right|590,000 | align=right|1,213.0 |- | | align=left|■ Gaoling-xian | align=right|高陵县 | align=right|230,000 | align=right|290 |}
Transportation and infrastructure
Xi'an has many areas that are easily accessible on foot. In many commercial, residential, educations zones in the city, especially in the shopping and entertainment districts around the Bell Tower, underpasses and overpasses have been built for the safety and convenience of pedestrians. However many intersections still lack sufficiently visible traffic lights and the right-of-way is virtually non-existent except at large intersections with traffic police and signals.There has been a significant increase in the number of privately-owned vehicles among middle and upper class households in Xi'an. Electric bikes are very popular among students and offer easy transportation in and around the city for many residents. Taxi services are numerous but many citizens of Xi'an still commute to work on one of more than 200 bus routes.
Metro
Currently there are major construction works along Chang An street for the first metro system in Xi'an, designed with 6 lines, to be completed by 2020.
Work started on the 2nd route in 2007, and is predicted to be finished in 2011. The 1st route has started in early 2009, while the rest is planned to start in 2013 and to be finished around 2020.
Taxi
Taxis in Xi'an are predominantly VW Santana made in Shanghai, BYD Auto made in Xi'an, and Citroen made in Wuhan. Taxis work 24 hours a day, managed by the Taxi Management Bureau of Xi'an City which records complaints. Customers are charged by meter.Most, if not all, taxis in Xi'an run on compressed natural gas.
Train
There are 6 passenger transport railway stations in Xi'an, and Xi'an Railway Station is one of the eight major national railway stations. Other stations in Xi'an include ''Xi'an West'', ''Xi'an East'', ''Xi'an South'',''Xi'an North'',''Sanmincun'', ''Fangzhicheng'' railway stations.Xi'an Railway Station covers 597 thousand square meters, has 5 passenger platforms, and 24 tracks. It provides 112 services to 80 thousand people daily. There are services from Xi'an to Zhengzhou, from Xi'an to Lanzhou, from Xi'an to Baoji,and from Xi'an to Mount Hua. CRH2(China Railway High-speed 2) now run an express service running from Xi'an to Baoji and Xi'an to Zhengzhou, with a total running time to Baoji of under 90 minutes, or 2 hours to Zhengzhou. Zhengzhou–Xi'an High-Speed Railway opened on February 6, 2010.
Expressways
Xi'an currently has two ring road systems, the Second Ring road and the Third Ring road which encircle the city. These ring roads are similar to freeways, except that there are traffic signals on the Second Ring road.As a tourist city, Xi'an has built expressways to Lintong, Tongchuan and Baoji, with well-maintained roads to famous scenic spots in suburban counties and to the north slope of the Qin Mountains. Since its construction in September 2007, the Xi-Han Expressway connects Han Zhong and Xi'an through the Qinling Mountains. At 15 kilometers long the ''Zhongnan Shan'' Tunnel is the longest tunnel in Asia.
Airport
Xi'an Xianyang International Airport is the major airport serving the city and is the largest airport in the northwestern part of China. The airport is located to the northwest of the city, between Xi'an and Xianyang. Chang'an Airlines and China Eastern Airlines are the main airlines using the airport.International Routes: There are direct flights from Xi'an to many major cities in Asia, including Bangkok, Fukuoka, Hong Kong, Osaka, Pusan, Sapporo, Singapore and Seoul and Taipei.
Germany's Fraport, the operator of Frankfurt Airport, has paid 490 million yuan to obtain a 24.5-percent stake in the Xianyang International Airport, offering opportunities to upgrade and expand the facility.
Highways
Culture
The culture of Xi'an descends from one of the world's earliest civilizations. The Guanzhong Ren (关中人/關中人) culture is considered the cultural antecedent of Xi'anese; their features are satirized as the "Ten Strangenesses of Guanzhong Ren" (关中十大怪/關中十大怪). Xi'an is also known for the "Eight Great Sights of Chang'an" (长安八景/長安八景), a collection of scenic areas in the region.
Arts, drama, music, and film
Qinqiang (Voice of Qin) is the oldest and most extensive of the four major types of Chinese opera. Also called "random pluck" (乱弹), Qinqiang is the main type of drama in Shaanxi province. As the earliest ancestor of Beijing Opera, Yu Opera, Chuan Opera and Hebei Opera, Qinqiang has developed its own system of unique vocal music, spoken parts, facial makeup, posture, role, category and acting. It can be traced to Xi Qinqiang (西秦腔, Voice of West Qin) in Qin Dynasty, and blossomed until Qing Dynasty, with direct influences on many branches of Chinese Opera.The Tang Dynasty Music and Dance show presents ancient music and dance.
Chang'an School (长安画派) is a very important modern Chinese school of traditional arts. The main artists are Chen Zhongzhi (陈忠志), Zhao Wangyun (赵望云), Shilu (石鲁), He Haixia (何海霞).
Much like Beijing 798 and Shanghai 1933, Xi'an has an art district called Textile town (纺织城). The district is not an actual town but derives its name from the many textile factories built there since the 1950s. Today it is no longer a centre for the textile industry but a new art factory with 4 workshops in total. Since March 2007, more than 40 artists have taken a part in these workshops.
Xi'an is known for its rock music, and is one of the vigorous underground musical centres in China - the other three being Beijing, Kunming and Chengdu. It is home to contemporary Chinese Stars such as Xu Wei, Zhang Chu, Zheng Jun.
Zhang Yimou and Gu Changwei are directors from Xi'an. Xi'an is also the only city in China to win the Golden Bear (Berlin Film Festival) twice. The first film is ''Red Sorghum'' and the second one is ''Tuya's Marriage''. They are produced by Xi'an Filmmaking Factory (now called Xi'an Qujiang Filmmaking Group) and Xi'an Filmmaking company respectively.
Economy and business
Industrial zones
Major industrial zones in Xi'an include:
Telecommunications industry
China's 3G standard (Datang Telecom) and Wireless standard (Xidian university) are birthed in Xian. Many other domestic and multinational telecommunications vendors have set up their R&D; centres and/or factories in Xi'an, including Huawei, ZTE, CATT, NEC, Fujitsu and Siemens. Xi'an is China's leading centre of training for engineers. The universities and local companies of Xi'an have provided hundreds of thousands of engineers for the Chinese telecommunications industry.
Software, outsourcing industry and BPO
The growing economy of Xi'an supports the development of a software industry, and the city is a pioneer in software industry in China.In 2005, the production value of software industry reached RMB 8.2 billion Yuan, with export revenue up to $US 42 million.
In recent years, service outsourcing industry in Xi'an has maintained robust growth. The outstanding contractor enterprises, rich human resources and preferential policies have paved a solid foundation for Xi'an to becoming a capital for service outsourcing.
Xi'an, as a second-tier city in China after the likes of Beijing and Shanghai, has a track record in the Business Process Outsourcing field. The local government is using tax and other incentives to encourage companies and professionals to relocate there.
A Silicon.com article describes Xi'an: "But Xi'an is selling on its own merits - with a large pool of cheap human resources from the 100 universities in the area, it hoovers up around 3,000 computer graduates every year, each earning approximately $120 a month - half the wages for the equivalent job in Beijing."
Game Industry
The largest internet bar in the world with more than 3000 computers is located in Xi'an. As one of the largest educational centres in China, with a huge number of undergraduate students, online games are very popular in the area. Xi'an has already hosted worldwide game competitions such as ACON5, CEG2006, and WCG2006.
Aerospace industry
In 2008, after the launch of the initial aerospace centre in Shanghai, China is constructing another civil aerospace centre in the Shaanxi province. The State Development and Reform Commission approved the planning of Xi'an National Civil Aerospace Industrial Base on December 26, 2007. The National Civil Aerospace Industrial Base of Xi'an, set to cover 23 square km, will focus on developing satellites, new materials, energies, IT and other technologies for civil applications.In November 2006, Xi'an and the China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation jointly set up Xi'an Aerospace Science and Technology Industrial Base. From its establishment, the base has focused on the development of the civil space industry, including equipment manufacturing, software and service outsourcing, new materials and solar photovoltaics.
Apart from the core area, the base will cover Xi'an and the Guanzhong area (the central China) and the expansion zone will reach Northwest China and Southwest China. It is expected that by 2012 the total industry output can reach 2.8 billion us dollars with about 10 to 20 brand products with intellectual property rights and 5-8 products with global competitiveness.
Famous economists
Chinese economists from Northwest University in Xi'an include Zhang Weiying (张维迎), Zhang Shuguang (张曙光), Weijie (魏杰), Liu Shijin (刘世锦), Song Ze (宋则), Fenglun (冯仑), Feng Zongsu (冯宗苏), Zou Dongtao (邹东涛), Li Yiping (李义平), Zuo Zhonghai (左中海). Zhang Chaoyang (张朝阳), the CEO of SOHU (Nasdaq) company, born and grew up in Xi'an, is the leader in the field of Chinese Internet. Liu Chuanzhi, the founder and president of Lenovo Group Limited, completed his higher education in Xidian University of Xi'an in 1960s.
International events
World Horticultural Expo 2011
Xi’an was chosen to host the 2011 World Horticultural Exposition by the Association of International Producers of Horticulture (AIPH) at its 59th congress, held at Brighton, United Kingdom on September 4, 2007. The 2011 World Horti-Expo will be held from April 28 to October 28, 2011. The exhibition will be located in a new district of the city, Chanba district, and is expected to bring some 10 million visitors to Xi’an.
Tourism
High season
Long holidays are usual during Spring Festival, Labor Holiday (May 1–3), and National Holiday (October 1–7). The number of travellers is often greater during Summer (May–August), although the most pleasant season for visiting Xi'an is Autumn.
Sites
Because of the city’s many historical monuments and a plethora of ancient ruins and tombs in the vicinity, tourism has been an important component of the local economy, and the Xi’an region is one of China's most popular tourist destinations.The city has many important historical sites, and some are ongoing archaeological projects, such as the Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang and his Terracotta Army. There are several burial mounds, tombs of the Zhou Dynasty kings located in the city. Xi'an also contains some 800 royal mausoleums and tombs from the Han Dynasty, with some of them yielding hundreds of sculpted clay soldiers, and remains of sacrificial temples from the Han era. The city has numerous Tang Dynasty pagodas and is noted for its history museum and its stele forest, which is housed in an 11th-century Confucian temple containing large stone tablets from various dynasties.
Some of the most well-known sites in Xi'an are:
Major museums
National parks
Other parks
Sports
Cuju is a very old football game:It was improved during the Tang Dynasty (618-907). First of all, the feather-stuffed ball was replaced by an air-filled ball with a two-layered hull. Also, two different types of goalposts emerged: One was made by setting up posts with a net between them and the other consisted of just one goal post in the middle of the field. Chang'an was filled with cuju football fields, in the backyards of large mansions, and some were even established in the grounds of the palaces. The level of female cuju teams also improved. Records indicate that once a 17-year-old girl beat a team of army soldiers. Cuju football became popular amongst the scholars and intellectuals, and if a courtier lacked skill in the game, he could pardon himself by acting as a scorekeeper.Professional sports teams in Xi'an include:
Media
Television and radio
Printed media
International relations
Twin towns—Sister cities
Xi'an's twin towns and sister cities are:| Nara, Nara>Nara, Japan. (1974) | * Kyoto, Japan. (1974) | * Edinburgh, United Kingdom. (1985) | Pau, Pyrénées-Atlantiques>Pau, France. (1986) | Kansas City, Missouri>Kansas City, United States. (1989) | * Esfahan, Iran. (1989) | * Dortmund, Germany. (1991) | * Lahore, Pakistan. (1992) | Funabashi, Chiba>Funabashi, Japan. (1994) | * Gyeongju, South Korea. (1994) | * Iaşi, Romania. (1994) | * Dnipropetrovsk, Ukraine. (1995) | * Istanbul, Turkey. (1996) | * Kathmandu, Nepal. (1996) | * Brasília, Brazil. (1997) | * Québec City, Canada. (2001) | Córdoba, Argentina>Córdoba, Argentina. (2006) | * Pompei, Italy. (2007) | * Athens, Greece | * Kalamata, Greece (2009) | * Birmingham, United Kingdom. | * Cusco, Peru. |
Consulates
| * Gaoxin International, Keji Road, September 2007 | * Yulang International, Jiefang Road, 2006 |
Colleges and universities
Public
Military
Private
Note: Institutions without full-time bachelor programs are not listed.
International Schools
Family Training Centers and English Libraries
Notes and references
External links
{{S-ttl|title=Capital of China (as Hao) |years=1046 BC-771 BC|row=1}} {{S-ttl|title=Capital of China (as Chang'an) |years=206 BC-23|row=2}} {{S-ttl|title=Capital of China (as Daxing) |years=581-618|row=3}} {{S-ttl|title=Capital of China (as Chang'an) |years=618-907|row=4}}
Category:Populated places along the Silk Road Category:Sub-provincial cities in the People's Republic of China * Category:11th-century BC establishments Category:202 BC establishments Category:Provincial capitals in China
ace:Xi'an af:Xi'an ar:شيان az:Sian zh-min-nan:Se-an-chhī bg:Сиан ca:Xi'an cs:Si-an cy:Xi'an da:Xi'an de:Xi’an et:Xi'an Shi es:Xi'an eo:Ŝiano eu:Xi'an fa:شیآن fr:Xi'an gl:Xi'an - 西安 gan:西安 ko:시안 시 hr:Xi'an id:Xi'an it:Xi'an he:שיאן kl:Xi'an la:Siganum lv:Siaņa lb:Xian lt:Sianas mi:Xi'an mr:शीआन ms:Xi'an nl:Xi'an ja:西安市 no:Xi'an nn:Xi'an pa:ਜ਼ੀਆਨ pnb:سیان pl:Xi'an pt:Xian ro:Xi'an ru:Сиань sco:Xi'an simple:Xi'an sr:Си'ан sh:Xi'an fi:Xi'an sv:Xi'an tl:Xi'an th:ซีอาน tr:Xi'an uk:Сіань ur:سیان ug:شىئەن شەھىرى vi:Tây An zh-classical:西安 war:Xi'an wuu:西安 zh-yue:西安 zh:西安市This text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
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西安世园会Xi'an EXPO 2011 - Promotion Video
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西安世园会Xi'an EXPO 2011 - Promotion Video
International Horticultural Exposition 2011 Xi'an China ************************************************************************************* An Ancient Capital, a City of Natural Beauty. Xi'an, a modern and ecological new city in C...
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