Coordinates | °′″N°′″N |
---|---|
Agency name | Bureau of the Census |
Logo | US-CensusBureau-Logo.svg |
Logo width | 220px |
Logo caption | Logo |
Seal | Census Bureau seal.svg |
Seal width | 150px |
Seal caption | Seal |
Formed | July 1, 1903 |
Preceding1 | Temporary census offices |
Headquarters | Suitland, Maryland |
Employees | 5,593 (2006) |
Budget | US$3.1 billion (2009)US$7.2 billion (est. 2010)US$1.3 billion (est. 2011) |
Chief1 name | Director |
Chief1 position | Robert Groves |
Parent agency | Economics and Statistics Administration |
Website | www.census.gov |
Footnotes | }} |
The most visible role of the Census Bureau is to perform the official decennial (every 10 years) count of people living in the U.S. The most important result is the reallocation of the number of seats each state is allowed in the House of Representatives, In addition, Census data directly affects how more than $400 billion per year in federal and state funding is allocated to communities for neighborhood improvements, public health, education, transportation and much more. The Census Bureau is mandated with fulfilling these obligations: the collecting of statistics about the nation, its people, and economy. The Census Bureau's legal authority is codified in Title 13 of the United States Code. In addition, the Census Bureau also conducts surveys on behalf of various federal government and local government agencies on topics such as employment, crime, health, consumer expenditures, and housing. Within the bureau, these are known as "demographic surveys" and are conducted perpetually between and during decennial (10-year) population counts. The Census Bureau also conducts economic surveys of manufacturing, retail, service, and other establishments and of domestic governments.
From 1790 to 1840, the census was taken by marshals of the judicial districts. The Census Act of 1840 established a central office which became known as the Census Office. Several acts followed that revised and authorized new censuses, typically at the 10-year intervals. In 1902 the temporary Census Office was moved under the Department of Interior, and in 1903 it was renamed the Census Bureau under the new Department of Commerce and Labor. The department was intended to consolidate overlapping statistical agencies, but Census Bureau officials were hindered by their subordinate role in the department. An act in 1920 changed the date and authorized manufacturing censuses every 2 years and agriculture censuses every 10 years. In 1929, a bill was passed mandating that the House of Representatives be reapportioned based on the results of the 1930 Census. In 1954, various acts were codified into Title 13 of the US Code.
By law the Census Bureau must count everyone and submit state population totals to the U.S. President by December 31, 2010. States within the Union receive the results in the spring of the following year.
In 1918, the Census Bureau released individual information regarding several hundred young men to the Justice Department and Selective Service system for the purpose of prosecutions for draft evasion. During World War II, the United States Census Bureau assisted the government's Japanese American internment efforts by providing confidential neighborhood information on Japanese-Americans. The Bureau's role was denied for decades but was finally proven in 2007.
Since 1903, the official census-taking agency of the United States government has been the Bureau of the Census. The Census Bureau is headed by a Director, assisted by a Deputy Director and an Executive Staff composed of the associate directors. In April 2009, President Barack Obama nominated Robert M. Groves to head the Census Bureau.
The Census Bureau has had headquarters in Suitland, Maryland since 1942. A new headquarters complex was completed in 2007 and supports over 4,000 employees. The Bureau operates regional offices in 12 cities: Boston, New York City, Philadelphia, Detroit, Chicago, Kansas City, Seattle, Charlotte, Atlanta, Dallas, Denver, and Los Angeles. The National Processing Center is located in Jeffersonville, Indiana. Additional temporary processing facilities are used to facilitate the decennial census, which employs more than a million people. The cost of the 2000 Census was $4.5 billion. During the years just prior to the decennial census, parallel census offices, known as "Regional Census Centers" are opened in the field office cities. The decennial operations are carried out from these facilities. The Regional Census Centers l oversee the openings and closings of smaller "Local Census Offices" within their collection jurisdictions. The estimated cost of the 2010 Census is $14.7 billion.
The Census Bureau also runs the Census Information Center cooperative program that involves 58 "national, regional, and local non-profit organizations." The CIC program aims to represent the interests of underserved communities.
In order to reduce paper usage and reduce payroll expenses, 500,000 handheld computers (HHC's) were used for the first time in 2009 during the address canvassing portion of the 2010 Decennial Census Project. Projected savings are over one billion dollars. The further implementation of advanced computer systems in the planning for the 2020 census provides major challenges for an upgrade in the technological broadening of census protocol.
Staff from the Current Surveys Program conduct ongoing and special surveys about people and their characteristics. A network of professional field representatives gathers information from a sample of households, responding to questions about employment, consumer expenditures, health, housing, and other topics.
Surveys conducted between decades:
Category:National statistical services Category:Government agencies established in 1903 Category:Organizations based in Washington, D.C. Category:Decennial federal censuses of the United States Category:Article Feedback Pilot
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This text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
Coordinates | °′″N°′″N |
---|---|
name | Thomas Newman |
birth name | Thomas Montgomery Newman |
birth date | October 20, 1955 |
origin | Los Angeles, California, U.S. |
occupation | Composer |
website | http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0002353/ |
afiawards | Best Original Score1997 Oscar and Lucinda |
baftaawards | Best Film Music1999 American Beauty |
emmyawards | Outstanding Main Title Theme Music2001 Six Feet Under |
grammyawards | Best Score Soundtrack Album for a Motion Picture, Television or Other Visual Media2001 American Beauty |
background | non_performing_personnel }} |
Thomas Montgomery Newman (born October 20, 1955) is an American composer and conductor, best known for his many film scores. He is one of the more respected and recognized composers for modern film and has scored over fifty feature films in a career which spans nearly three decades.
Newman has received a total of ten Academy Award nominations, although as of 2011, he has yet to win the award. He has also won a BAFTA, two Grammys, and has been nominated for a Golden Globe. Newman was honored with the Richard Kirk award at the 2000 BMI Film and TV Awards. The award is given annually to a composer who has made significant contributions to film and television music.
His breakthrough came in 1994, when he earned two Academy Award nominations for his scores to Little Women and The Shawshank Redemption; he was the only double-nominee that year, although he lost to Hans Zimmer for The Lion King.
He received his third Academy Award nomination in 1996 for the score to Diane Keaton's comedy Unstrung Heroes, but again lost, this time to Alan Menken for Pocahontas.
In 1999, Newman composed the score to Sam Mendes' first feature film American Beauty, created using mainly percussion instruments. Newman believed the score helped move the film along without disturbing the "moral ambiguity" of the script, saying "It was a real delicate balancing act in terms of what music worked to preserve that." This was his first collaboration with Mendes, and he would go on to score all of the director's subsequent films except for Away We Go. He received a fourth Oscar nomination for this score, and although he lost again (to John Corigliano for The Red Violin), he did receive a Grammy and a BAFTA.
His critical and commercial success has continued in recent years with his scores for films such as The Green Mile, Erin Brockovich, In the Bedroom, and The Salton Sea. He was nominated consecutively for a further three Academy Awards, for Road to Perdition (2002), Finding Nemo (2003), and Lemony Snicket's A Series of Unfortunate Events (2004). However, he lost on each occasion, to Elliot Goldenthal (for Frida), Howard Shore (for The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King), and Jan A. P. Kaczmarek (for Finding Neverland) respectively.
He was again nominated for an Oscar for scoring Steven Soderbergh's The Good German (2006). At the Oscar ceremony, he appeared in the opening segment by Errol Morris, who jokingly stated that Newman had been nominated for and failed to win an Oscar eight times. Newman replied: "No, I've failed seven but this will be my eighth", and indeed, he again lost, this time to Gustavo Santaolalla for Babel.
His first score since The Good German was for the 2008 animated film WALL-E, collaborating for the second time with director Andrew Stanton (with the first collaboration being Finding Nemo). The film won the Academy Award for Best Animated Feature (as had "Nemo"). Newman received two Oscar nominations: one for Best Original Score, and another for Best Original Song for "Down to Earth", which he co-wrote with Peter Gabriel. He was nominated in the Original Score category with two other veteran composers, James Newton-Howard and Danny Elfman, both of whom have also been nominated for several Oscars but each time unsuccessfully. Newman lost both the score and song nominations to A R Rahman for his work on Slumdog Millionaire. He and Peter Gabriel did however win a Grammy for "Down to Earth".
During 2008 Newman also scored Towelhead and Sam Mendes' Revolutionary Road. He scored Brothers in 2009.
Newman's scores of 2011 include "The Help", "Great Hope Springs", John Madden's The Debt and The Adjustment Bureau.
Year | ! Title | ! Notes | |
rowspan="3" | 1984 | ||
Revenge of the Nerds | |||
Grandview, U.S.A. | |||
rowspan="5" | 1985 | Desperately Seeking Susan | Soundtrack released by Varèse Sarabande. Album shared with Making Mr. Right |
Girls Just Want to Have Fun (film)Girls Just Want to Have Fun | |
||
The Man With One Red Shoe | |||
Real Genius | |||
Amazing Stories (TV series)Amazing Stories | |
Episode Santa '85. Soundtrack released by Intrada | |
rowspan="2" | 1986 | ''Gung Ho | |
Song album with two Newman tracks | |||
rowspan="3" | 1987 | Light of Day | Song album with one Newman track |
The Lost Boys (soundtrack)The Lost Boys | |
Song album with one Newman track | |
Less Than Zero (film)Less Than Zero | |
Song album; no Newman score | |
rowspan="2" | 1988 | The Prince of Pennsylvania | |
The Great Outdoors (film)The Great Outdoors | |
Song album with one Newman track | |
rowspan="4" | 1990 | Men Don't Leave | |
Heat Wave TV | |||
Naked Tango | |||
''Welcome Home, Roxy Carmichael | Soundtrack released by Varèse Sarabande | ||
rowspan="5" | 1991 | Career Opportunities | Song album with three Newman tracks |
Deceived | |||
''The Rapture (film) | The Rapture | Song album with ten Newman tracks | |
The Linguini Incident | Soundtrack released by Varèse Sarabande | ||
Fried Green Tomatoes (score)Fried Green Tomatoes | |
Soundtrack released by MCA | |
rowspan="5" | 1992 | Those Secrets TV | Soundtrack released by Masters Film Music |
The Player | Soundtrack released by Varèse Sarabande | ||
Whispers in the Dark | |||
Citizen Cohn TV | |||
Scent of a Woman (soundtrack)Scent of a Woman | |
Soundtrack released by MCA | |
rowspan="2" | 1993 | Soundtrack released by Varèse Sarabande | |
Josh and S.A.M. | Soundtrack released by Varèse Sarabande | ||
rowspan="6" | 1994 | American Buffalo (film)>American Buffalo | |
The Favor | |||
The Shawshank Redemption (soundtrack)The Shawshank Redemption | |
Soundtrack released by Sony BMG | |
The War (film)The War | |
Soundtrack released by MCA | |
Corrina, Corrina (film)Corrina, Corrina | |
Song album with one Newman track | |
Little Women (1994 film)Little Women | |
Soundtrack released by Sony Classical | |
rowspan="2" | 1995 | Unstrung Heroes | Soundtrack released by Hollywood Records |
How to Make an American Quilt | Soundtrack released by MCA | ||
rowspan="4" | 1996 | Up Close & Personal | Soundtrack released by Hollywood Records |
Phenomenon (film)Phenomenon | |
Song album with one Newman track | |
American Buffalo (film)American Buffalo | |
Threesome (film)>Threesome | |
The People vs. Larry Flynt | Soundtrack released by Angel Records | ||
rowspan="3" | 1997 | Soundtrack released by Varèse Sarabande | |
Red Corner | Soundtrack released by EAR | ||
Oscar and Lucinda | Soundtrack released by Sony Classical | ||
rowspan="2" | 1998 | The Horse Whisperer | Soundtrack released by Hollywood Records |
Meet Joe Black | Soundtrack released by Universal Records | ||
rowspan="2" | 1999 | Soundtrack released by DreamWorks | |
The Green Mile (film)The Green Mile | |
Soundtrack released by Warner Bros. | |
rowspan="2" | 2000 | Soundtrack released by Sony Classical | |
Pay It Forward | Soundtrack released by Varèse Sarabande | ||
rowspan="1" | 2001 | In the Bedroom | Soundtrack released by Varèse Sarabande |
rowspan="3" | 2002 | The Salton Sea | Soundtrack released by Varèse Sarabande |
Road to Perdition (soundtrack)Road to Perdition | |
Soundtrack released by Decca Records | |
White Oleander (2002 film)White Oleander | |
Soundtrack released by Varèse Sarabande | |
rowspan="2" | 2003 | Soundtrack released by Walt Disney Records | |
Music from the HBO Film: Angels in AmericaAngels in America | |
Soundtrack released by Nonesuch | |
rowspan="1" | 2004 | Soundtrack released by Sony Classical | |
rowspan="2" | 2005 | Cinderella Man | Soundtrack released by Decca Records |
Jarhead (film)Jarhead | |
Soundtrack released by Decca Records | |
rowspan="2" | 2006 | Soundtrack released by Silva Screen Records | |
The Good German (soundtrack)The Good German | |
Soundtrack released by Varèse Sarabande | |
rowspan="1" | 2007 | Soundtrack released by Lakeshore Records | |
rowspan="2" | 2008 | Soundtrack released by Walt Disney Records | |
Revolutionary Road (film)Revolutionary Road | |
Soundtrack released by Nonesuch | |
rowspan="1" | 2009 | Soundtrack released by Relativity Music Group | |
rowspan="3" | 2011 | The Debt | Soundtrack released by Relativity Music Group |
The Adjustment Bureau | Soundtrack released by Relativity Music Group | ||
The Help (film)The Help | |
Score album released by Varèse Sarabande | |
rowspan="2" | 2012 | The Best Exotic Marigold Hotel | |
Wreck-It Ralph | |||
Newman is also responsible for the Coles Supermarket Jingle in the 2010 line of advertisements.
Regarding his losing Oscar streak, Newman stated, "Losing makes you strong. I like being the underdog".
He has also received one Golden Globe nomination for 1999's American Beauty, but did not win, as well as six Grammy nominations and two wins.
! Award | ! Year | ! Category | ! Project | ! Outcome |
Best Music, Original Score | ||||
Best Music, Original Score | The Shawshank Redemption | |||
1996 | Unstrung Heroes' | |||
2000 | Best Music, Original Score | |||
2003 | Best Music, Original Score | Road to Perdition | ||
2004 | Finding Nemo | |||
2005 | Lemony Snicket's A Series of Unfortunate Events | |||
2007 | The Good German | |||
Annie Award | 2004 | Finding Nemo | ||
2000 | Anthony Asquith Award for Film Music | |||
2009 | WALL-E | |||
Classical Brit Award | 2010 | Revolutionary Road | ||
1991 | ||||
2002 | Outstanding Main Title Theme Music | |||
2000 | ||||
2009 | WALL-E | |||
1995 | Best Instrumental Composition Written for a Motion Picture or for Television | The Shawshank Redemption | ||
1997 | Best Instrumental Composition Written for a Motion Picture or for Television | Unstrung Heroes | ||
2001 | ||||
Best Instrumental Composition for Title Theme | ||||
2005 | ||||
2003 | Road to Perdition | |||
2005 | Lemony Snicket's A Series of Unfortunate Events | |||
Category:1955 births Category:American composers Category:American film score composers Category:BAFTA winners (people) Category:Emmy Award winners Category:Grammy Award winners Category:Living people Category:People from Los Angeles, California
ar:توماس نيومان ca:Thomas Newman de:Thomas Newman et:Thomas Newman es:Thomas Newman fr:Thomas Newman it:Thomas Newman he:תומאס ניומן nl:Thomas Newman ja:トーマス・ニューマン nn:Thomas Newman nds:Thomas Newman pl:Thomas Newman pt:Thomas Newman ro:Thomas Newman ru:Ньюман, Томас fi:Thomas Newman sv:Thomas Newman uk:Томас НьюманThis text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
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