Coordinates | 34°03′″N118°15′″N |
---|---|
Name | Leon Panetta |
Office | 23rd United States Secretary of Defense |
President | Barack Obama |
Deputy | William Lynn |
Term start | July 1, 2011 |
Predecessor | Robert Gates |
Office2 | 19th Director of the Central Intelligence Agency |
President2 | Barack Obama |
Deputy2 | Stephen KappesMichael Morell |
Term start2 | February 13, 2009 |
Term end2 | June 30, 2011 |
Predecessor2 | Michael Hayden |
Successor2 | Michael Morell (Acting) |
Office3 | 18th White House Chief of Staff |
President3 | Bill Clinton |
Term start3 | July 17, 1994 |
Term end3 | January 20, 1997 |
Predecessor3 | Mack McLarty |
Successor3 | Erskine Bowles |
Office4 | 29th Director of the Office of Management and Budget |
President4 | Bill Clinton |
Term start4 | January 21, 1993 |
Term end4 | July 17, 1994 |
Predecessor4 | Richard Darman |
Successor4 | Alice Rivlin |
Office5 | Chairman of the House Committee on the Budget |
Term start5 | January 3, 1989 |
Term end5 | January 21, 1993 |
Predecessor5 | William Gray |
Successor5 | Martin Sabo |
State6 | California |
District6 | 17th |
Term start6 | January 3, 1993 |
Term end6 | January 21, 1993 |
Predecessor6 | Cal Dooley |
Succeeded6 | Sam Farr |
State7 | California |
District7 | 16th |
Term start7 | January 3, 1977 |
Term end7 | January 3, 1993 |
Predecessor7 | Burt Talcott |
Succeeded7 | Don Edwards |
Birth date | June 28, 1938 |
Birth place | |
Party | Democratic Party (1971–present) |
Otherparty | Republican Party (Before 1971) |
Alma mater | Santa Clara University |
Profession | LawyerProfessorPoliticianStatesman |
Religion | Roman Catholicism |
Branch | United States Army |
Serviceyears | 1964–1966 |
Rank | |
Awards | Army Commendation Medal }} |
On June 21, 2011, the United States Senate confirmed Panetta unanimously as the next United States Secretary of Defense and he assumed the office on July 1.
In 1956, he entered Santa Clara University, and in 1960 he graduated magna cum laude with a Bachelor of Arts in Political Science. He also received a Juris Doctor in 1963 from the Santa Clara University School of Law, and soon after began practicing law. In 1964, he joined the United States Army as a Second Lieutenant, where he served as an officer in Army Military Intelligence. There he received the Army Commendation Medal, and was discharged in 1966 as a First Lieutenant.
In 1969 he became the assistant to Robert H. Finch, Secretary of the United States Department of Health, Education, and Welfare under the Nixon administration. Soon thereafter he was appointed Director of the Office for Civil Rights.
Panetta chose to enforce civil rights and equal education laws. Secretary Robert Finch and Assistant Secretary John Veneman refused to fire Panetta, threatening to resign if forced to do so. A few weeks later in 1970, Panetta resigned and left Washington to work as Executive Assistant for John Lindsay, the Republican Mayor of New York City. He wrote about this experience in his 1971 book Bring Us Together: The Nixon Team and the Civil Rights Retreat.
He moved back to Monterey to practice law at Panetta, Thompson & Panetta from 1971 through to 1976.
During his time in Congress, his work concentrated mostly on budget issues, civil rights, education, health, and environmental issues, particularly preventing oil drilling off the California coast. He wrote the Hunger Prevention Act (Public Law 100-435) of 1988 and the Fair Employment Practices Resolution. He was a major contributor to the effort of establishing the Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary.
His positions included:
Though elected to a ninth term, he left the House in 1993 after President Bill Clinton selected him to be Director of the United States Office of Management and Budget. He is credited with developing the budget package that would eventually result in the balanced budget of 1998. On July 17, 1994, he was appointed White House Chief of Staff by Clinton, a position he held until January 20, 1997. He was an important negotiator of the 1996 budget, which was another important step towards balancing the budget.
After his selection, journalists and politicians raised concerns about his lack of intelligence experience.
Washington Post columnist David Ignatius said that Panetta did have tangential exposure to intelligence operations as Director of the OMB and as Chief of Staff for President Clinton, where he "sat in on the daily intelligence briefings as chief of staff, and he reviewed the nation's most secret intelligence-collection and covert-action programs in his previous post as director of the Office of Management and Budget." Senator Dianne Feinstein, the California Democratic chairwoman of the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence, wasn't happy with the Leon Panetta selection:
:“I was not informed about the selection of Leon Panetta to be the CIA Director. I know nothing about this, other than what I’ve read. My position has consistently been that I believe the Agency is best-served by having an intelligence professional in charge at this time.”
Former CIA officer Ishmael Jones stated, however, that Panetta was a wise choice because of his close personal connection to the President and lack of exposure to the CIA bureaucracy.
On February 12, 2009, Panetta was confirmed in the full Senate by voice vote.
On February 19, 2009, Leon Panetta was sworn in as Director of the Central Intelligence Agency by Vice President Joe Biden before an audience of CIA employees. Panetta reportedly received a "rock star welcome" from his new subordinates.
In March 2009, Panetta visited India to discuss a host of issues including common strategy on dealing with Islamic extremism and Taliban. This was his first international visit since he assumed office.
Panetta supported U.S. drone strikes in Pakistan, which he identified as the "most effective weapon" against senior Al-Qaeda leadership. These attacks increased significantly under Panetta, with as many as 50 suspected Al-Qaeda militants being killed in May 2009 alone.
As director of the CIA, Panetta presided over the operations that led to Osama bin Laden's death on May 1, 2011.
In August 2011 Panetta warned that deeper cuts in the defense budget risked hollowing out the military and would hamper Pentagon efforts to deal with rising powers such as China, North Korea and Iran. It was the second day in a row that Panetta issued a public warning to Congress not to go beyond the roughly $400 billion in defense cuts required over the next decade under the debt reduction bill signed by President Obama. "You cannot deal with the size deficits the country is confronting by simply cutting the discretionary side of the budget," he said, referring to defense and other portions of the budget that Congress appropriates annually. "You have got to look at the mandatory side of the budget, which is two-thirds of the federal budget, and you also have to look at revenue."
Panetta has long been an advocate for the health of the world's oceans. As a member of Congress from California’s 16th District, he wrote numerous successful acts of Congress to protect the California coast, including legislation creating the Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary. In 2003, Panetta was named chairman and commissioner of the Pew Oceans Commission, which in 2005 combined with the U.S. Commission on Ocean Policy to establish the Joint Ocean Commission Initiative. Panetta now co-chairs the Joint Ocean Commission Initiative with Admiral James D. Watkins, U.S. Navy (Ret.). Panetta continues to pursue his commitment to ocean and marine life issues, serving as a resource for legislators and the media, advocating for ocean reform on behalf of the Joint Ocean Commission Initiative as well as other ocean organizations, including the National Marine Sanctuary Foundation and the Monterey Bay Aquarium.
In 2006 he was part of the Iraq Study Group, also known as the Baker Commission.
In 2009 Panetta delivered the commencement speech to the graduating class at The University of Maryland at College Park.
In June 2002, the U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops appointed Panetta to their National Review Board, which was created to look into the Catholic Church's sexual abuse scandal. This created controversy because of Panetta's pro-choice stands on abortion and other views seen as conflicting with those of the Church.
Currently, he lives on his family's twelve-acre (49,000 m²) walnut farm in Carmel Valley, California, with his wife. They have three grown sons and six grandchildren.
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Category:1938 births Category:American people of Italian descent Category:American Roman Catholics Category:Clinton Administration personnel Category:Directors of the Central Intelligence Agency Category:Directors of the Office of Management and Budget Category:Living people Category:Members of the United States House of Representatives from California Category:Obama Administration cabinet members Category:People from Monterey County, California Category:Santa Clara University alumni Category:Santa Clara University School of Law alumni Category:United States Army officers Category:United States Secretaries of Defense Category:White House Chiefs of Staff
cs:Leon Panetta de:Leon Panetta et:Leon Panetta es:Leon Panetta fa:لئون پانهتا fr:Leon Panetta hr:Leon Panetta it:Leon Panetta he:ליאון פאנטה lb:Leon Panetta hu:Leon Panetta nl:Leon Panetta ja:レオン・パネッタ no:Leon Panetta pl:Leon Panetta pt:Leon Edward Panetta ru:Панетта, Леон sh:Leon Panetta sv:Leon Panetta zh:莱昂·帕內塔This text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
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