Look up old or olde in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Old or OLD may refer to:

Age[link]

• Old age or, by extension, a description or nickname for someone or something that has endured and become comfortable or widely familiar.

Places[link]

• Old, Baranya, Hungary
• Old, Northamptonshire, England
• Old Town Municipal Airport and Seaplane Base in Old Town, Maine, United States (IATA code)

People[link]

• Old Boys and Old Girls, former pupils of schools in Britain, some schools in Australia, New Zealand and other British Commonwealth countries

Surname[link]

• Alan Old (born 1945), English rugby union player
• Ashley George Old (1913–2001), British artist
• Chris Old (born 1948), English cricketer
• Lloyd J. Old (born 1933), cancer researcher
• Richard Old (1856–1932), English woodcraftsman and model maker
• Steven Old (born 1986), New Zealand footballer
• William Erwood Old, Jr. (1928–1982), American malacologist

Music[link]

• Old (album), an album by Starflyer 59
• "Old" (song), a song by Machine Head
• OLD (band), a grindcore/industrial metal group

Acronyms[link]

• Oxford Latin Dictionary
• Over-Locknut Distance (or Dimension), a measurement of bicycle hubs and frames

See also[link]

• List of people known as the Old
• All pages beginning with Old

This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the same title. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article.

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: 100

The eastern hemisphere in 100 AD

The world in 100

Year 100 (C) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Traianus and Frontinus (or, less frequently, year 853 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 100 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

Events[link]

By place[link]

Roman Empire[link]

• Emperor Trajan and Sextus Julius Frontinus become Roman Consuls.
• Bricks become the primary building material in the Roman Empire.
• Pliny the Younger advances to consulship, giving his panegyric on Trajan in the process.
• The Roman Army reaches 300,000 soldiers.
• Tiberius Avidius Quietus' rule as governor of Roman Britain ends.
• Timgad (Thamugas), a Roman colonial town in North Africa is founded by Trajan.
• Trajan creates a policy intended to restore the former economic supremacy of Italy.

Europe[link]

• Lions have become extinct in the Balkans by this date.

Asia[link]

• Pakores (last king of the Indo-Parthian Kingdom) takes the throne.
• Paper is used by the general populace in China, starting around this year.
• The Kingdom of Himyarite is conquered by the Hadramaut.

Americas[link]

• The Hopewell tradition begins in what is now Ohio circa this date.
• Teotihuacan, at the center of Mexico, reaches a population of 50,000.
• The Moche civilization emerges, and starts building a society in present-day Peru.

By topic[link]

Arts and sciences[link]

• In China, the wheelbarrow makes its first appearance.
• Main hall, Markets of Trajan, Rome, is made (until 112).

Religion[link]

• Appearance of the first Christian dogma and formulas regarding morality.
• The Gospel of John is widely believed to have been written around this date.^[1]
• The compilation of the Kama sutra begins in India.
• The Temple of the God of Medicine is built in Anguo, China.
• The Fourth Buddhist Council is convened circa this year.

Births[link]

• Justin Martyr, Christian apologist (approximate date)
• Marcus Cornelius Fronto, Roman grammarian, rhetorician and advocate (d. 170)

Deaths[link]

• Agrippa II of Judea
• Josephus, Jewish historian (b. 37)
• John the Apostle of Jesus Christ (b. 6)

References[link]

The 100: A Ranking of the Most Influential Persons in History is a 1978 book by Michael H. Hart, reprinted in 1992 with revisions. It is a ranking of the 100 people who, according to Hart, most influenced human history.^[1]

The first person on Hart's list is the Prophet of Islam Muhammad.^[2] Hart asserted that Muhammad was "supremely successful" in both the religious and secular realms. He also believed that Muhammad's role in the development of Islam was far more influential than Jesus' collaboration in the development of Christianity. He attributes the development of Christianity to St. Paul, who played a pivotal role in its dissemination."^[3]

The 1992 revisions included the demotion of figures associated with Communism, such as Vladimir Lenin and Mao Zedong, and the introduction of Mikhail Gorbachev. Hart took sides in the Shakespearean authorship issue and substituted Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford for William Shakespeare. Hart also substituted Niels Bohr and Henri Becquerel with Ernest Rutherford, thus correcting an error in the first edition. Henry Ford was also promoted from the "Honorary Mentions" list, replacing Pablo Picasso. Finally, some of the rankings were re-ordered, although no one listed in the top ten changed position.

Hart wrote another book in 1999, entitled A View from the Year 3000,^[4] voiced in the perspective of a person from that future year and ranking the most influential people in history. Roughly half of those entries are fictional people from 2000–3000, but the remainder are actual people. These were taken mostly from the 1992 edition, with some re-ranking of order.

Hart's Top 10 (from the 1992 edition)[link]

Rank	Name	Time Frame	Image	Occupation	Influence
1	Muhammad	c. 570–632		Secular and religious leader	The central human figure of Islam, regarded by Muslims as a prophet of God and the last messenger. Active as a social reformer, diplomat, merchant, philosopher, orator, legislator, military leader, humanitarian, philanthropist.
2	Isaac Newton	1643–1727		Scientist	English physicist, mathematician, astronomer, natural philosopher, alchemist, and theologian. His law of universal gravitation and three laws of motion laid the groundwork for classical mechanics.
3	Jesus Christ	7–2 BC – 26–36 AD		Spiritual leader	The central figure of Christianity, revered by Christians as the Son of God and the incarnation of God.
4	Buddha	563–483 BC		Spiritual leader	Spiritual teacher and philosopher from ancient India. Founder of Buddhism and is also considered an Gautama Buddha in Hinduism.
5	Confucius	551–479 BC		Philosopher	Chinese thinker and social philosopher, whose teachings and philosophy have deeply influenced Chinese, Korean, Japanese, Vietnamese and Indonesian thought and life. Founded Confucianism, and influenced Neo-Confucianism and New Confucianism.
6	St. Paul	5–67 AD		Christian apostle	One of the most notable of early Christian missionaries, credited with proselytizing and spreading Christianity outside of Palestine (mainly to the Romans) and author of numerous letters of the New Testament of the Bible.
7	Cài Lún	50–121 AD		Political official in imperial China	Widely regarded as the inventor of paper and the papermaking process.
8	Johannes Gutenberg	1398–1468		Inventor	German printer who invented the mechanical printing press.
9	Christopher Columbus	1451–1506	70px	Explorer	Italian navigator, colonizer and explorer whose voyages led to general European awareness of the American continents.
10	Albert Einstein	1879–1955		Scientist	German theoretical physicist, best known for his theory of relativity and specifically mass–energy equivalence, expressed by the equation E = mc2.

See also[link]

• Time 100

References[link]

1. ^ Michael H. Hart The 100: A Ranking of the Most Influential Persons in History. first published in 1978, reprinted with minor revisions 1992. ISBN 978-0-8065-1068-2
2. ^ The 100: A Ranking of the Most Influential Persons in History^{[dead link]}
3. ^ Michael H. Hart, "The 100: A Ranking of the Most Influential Persons in History", Citadel Publishing, 2000, ISBN 978-0-8065-1350-8
4. ^ Michael H. Hart. A view from the year 3000: a ranking of the 100 most influential persons of all time; first published in 1999

External links[link]

• Religious Affiliation of History's 100 Most Influential People

Cher Lloyd
Lloyd performing in April 2011
Background information
Birth name	Cher Lloyd
Born	(1993-07-28) 28 July 1993 (age 18) Malvern, Worcestershire, UK
Origin	Malvern, Worcestershire, UK
Genres	R&B,pop, dance-pop, hip hop, synthpop, rap, dubstep
Occupations	Singer, songwriter, model,
Instruments	Vocals
Years active	2010–present
Labels	Syco, Epic Records
Website	cherlloyd.com

Cher Lloyd (born 28 July 1993) is an English recording artist. Lloyd rose to fame when she finished fourth in the seventh series of The X Factor. Shortly afterwards, Lloyd was signed by Simon Cowell to Sony Music subsidiary Syco Music.

Cher Lloyd's debut single "Swagger Jagger" was released in June 2011. Despite receiving negative reviews, the single entered at number one on the UK Singles Chart and number two on the Irish Singles Chart. Her second single "With Ur Love" was released on 31 October, featuring Mike Posner, and peaked at number four in the UK, and number five in Ireland, preceding her debut album Sticks + Stones, which peaked at number four in the UK Albums Chart and number seven on the Irish Albums Chart.^[1]

Life and career[link]

Early life[link]

Cher Lloyd used to live in Malvern with her parents Darren and Dina, and three younger siblings brother Josh, and sisters Sophie and Rosie. Lloyd attended Dyson Perrins CE Sports College, where she studied performing arts.^[2] She also attended theatre arts school Stagecoach.

[edit] 2010: The X Factor

During her time on the show she was mentored by Cheryl Cole (pictured).

Lloyd had previously auditioned for The X Factor twice before (when the minimum age was lower) singing ballads, but did not make it through.^[3] Lloyd has previously performed at holiday camps and said she gets a mixed reaction to her music, but was a big hit with x-factor judge at the time Cheryl Cole. She remarked on their similarity and Cheryl went on to support her throughout the show.^[4] She auditioned singing the Keri Hilson version of "Turn My Swag On".^[4] At bootcamp she sang a rap version of "Viva La Vida"^[5] adding lyrics she claimed to have written herself, but this was disputed and reports claimed she took them from a song by rapper Swizz Beatz.^[6][7] At the judges' houses she performed "Cooler Than Me"^[8] but suffered from tonsillitis and was unable to complete her song.^[9] She was given a second chance, but broke down sobbing and could not complete the song. Despite this, she was still picked as one of the final three girls by mentor Cheryl Cole.

Lloyd sang a rendition of "Just Be Good to Me" in the first of the live shows. In the second live show she sang "Hard Knock Life (Ghetto Anthem)". In the third live show, she sang a mashup of "No Diggity" and "Shout", and in the fourth live show she sang "Stay". This was the first time Lloyd did not rap in her performance, and Cowell even called it "the performance of the season". In week five, Lloyd sang "Empire State of Mind", but judges stated that after last week they were disappointed, and Cowell said it was copycat. However, the judges agreed that she redeemed herself with her rendition of "Sorry Seems to Be the Hardest Word" mixed with "Mockingbird", by Elton John and Eminem respectively, in week 6. In the seventh week, Lloyd was in the bottom two for the first time after her rendition of "Imagine", but Cowell, Cole and Walsh all saved her in the final showdown, resulting in Paije Richardson being eliminated. In the following week Lloyd performed "Girlfriend", followed by "Walk This Way". Both performances were credited by the judges and she was saved by the public vote the following night, securing her position in the semi final.^[10] In the semi-final, Lloyd performed "Nothin' on You" and "Love the Way You Lie" and was in the bottom two with Mary Byrne. She was saved by the judges again and put through to the final, even though voting statistics after the show revealed that Lloyd had the fewest votes.^[11] In the final she performed a mash-up of "The Clapping Song" and "Get Ur Freak On", followed by a duet with will.i.am, which was a mashup of "Where Is the Love?" and "I Gotta Feeling". Lloyd was then eliminated in fourth place, having received the fewest public votes.^[12]

[edit] 2011–12: Sticks + Stones, touring, and other ventures

Lloyd performing on the X Factor Live Tour, April 2011, the tour saw Lloyd performing for 500,000 people throughout the UK.^[13]

After the final it was announced that Lloyd had been signed by Syco Music.^[14] Lloyd and nine other contestants from the series participated in the X Factor Live Tour from February 2011 to April 2011. The tour saw Lloyd performing for 500,000 people throughout the UK.^[15] Songwriter Autumn Rowe^[16] and producer RedOne^[17] worked on her debut album, scheduled for release in November 2011.^[18] Her debut single, "Swagger Jagger", received its first airplay on 20 June 2011 after it had been leaked onto the internet on 15 June 2011^[19] however, this version was later confirmed as only the demo of the track on Lloyd's Twitter account.^[20] The single was released on 31 July 2011^[21] and peaked at number one on the UK Singles Chart on 7 August 2011.

On 28 July 2011, Lloyd previewed five tracks from her upcoming album during a Ustream session, including tracks featuring Busta Rhymes, Mike Posner, Ghetts, Mic Righteous and Dot Rotten.^[22] Lloyd confirmed on Twitter that "With Ur Love" featuring Mike Posner was to be released has her second single. The single was released on 30 October 2011. The single received its first radio airplay on 21 September 2011. The music video premiered on 1 October 2011, on morning show T4. The single sold 74,030 copies in its first week becoming the highest-selling number four single since Rihanna's "Only Girl (In the World)", which sold 74,248 copies in October 2010.^[23] Lloyd confirmed the album's title "Sticks + Stones" on her twitter. The album was released on 7 November 2011.^[24] The album peaked at number four and has sold 198,199 copies in the United Kingdom as of January 2012.^[25]

On 21 November 2011, Lloyd announced her debut headlining UK tour, the Sticks + Stones Tour, set for March and April 2012.^[26] In December 2011, two more dates were added due to popular demand for tickets.^[27] "Sticks + Stones" will be released in 2012 through Epic Records in the United States^[28] On 13 December, a music video for "Dub on the Track" featuring underground artists Mic Righteous, Dot Rotten and Ghetts, who also all appear in the accompanying video, premiered on SBTV.^[29][30] The song will not serve as the third single.^[31]

December 2011, Cher Lloyd signed a record deal with L.A. Reid to Epic Records in the United States. She is expected to release her debut album in the United States in late 2012.^[28]

"Want U Back" was confirmed^[32] as the third single from the album. The single version features vocals from American rapper Astro and was released 19 February 2012.^[33] Following the release of the music video on 6 January 2012, the single peaked at number twenty-six on the UK Singles Chart, due to digital downloads from the album.^[34] Cher confirmed via her official website that "Beautiful People" is the fourth single from the album, but there is no official release date.^[35]

In February 2012, Lloyd spoke out to BBC Radio on her consistent cyber-bullying and how she fears for her safety after becoming a victim of online bullying. "I'm public property and there's nothing I can do — I have got to deal with it." She continued: "The message that I have got for people is: I have always tried to act the hard person and that was just a front for me. It is about time now that I let people realise that I am a real person and if I can do it, with all these people that want a piece of me, then other victims can speak out as well. There have been many times when I have cried myself to sleep. I am very scared because I like to think people think I'm strong, because if they don't, then they might not think I can do it."^[36] Lloyd also spoke to Newsbeat on how she thinks the government should take more action in preventing cyber-bullying.^[37] On 24 February 2012, it was announced that Cher Lloyd has signed a modelling contract with Select. Select's special bookings revently stated:

Her strong individuality represents everything that we love about the youth today and their music. Like everyone, she is a melting pot of different emotions, from super confidence oozing fun to a vulnerability

Lloyd has previously appeared on the cover of RWD Magazine and modelled for fashion bible Wonderland.^[38]

2012–present: Marriage and second studio album[link]

On 10 April 2012, Cher Lloyd announced she has started work on her second album, and has done a few songs.^[39] Lloyd plans to re-release her single Want U Back in the US without Astro, but has recorded a remix with Snoop Dogg.^[40] L.A. Reid also plans to introduce Lloyd to American media in New York, hoping Lloyd will make a breakthrough in America.^[41] Cher Lloyd has recently confirmed her engagement to boyfriend Craig, and hopes to get married as soon as possible.^[42][43][44] However, Lloyd has received controversy due to marriage at a young age, but has argued her "Gypsy background means she should have already married by now". She hopes to get married sometime in the summer of 2012.^[45]

Discography[link]

• Sticks + Stones (2011)

Tours[link]

• 2011: The X Factor Live Tour 2011
• 2012: Sticks + Stones Tour

Filmography[link]

Television[link]

See also[link]

• List of artists who reached number one on the UK Singles Chart

References[link]

External links[link]

• Official website
• Cher Lloyd discography at MusicBrainz

This article is an orphan, as few or no other articles link to it. Please introduce links to this page from related articles; suggestions may be available. (May 2011)

Matthias Giraud also known as "Super Frenchie" ( born on September 24, 1983) is a professional skier and B.A.S.E. jumper. He was born in Evreux, France and grew up skiing at St Gervais-les-Bains/ Megeve, France. His first highly publicized accomplishment was the first ski B.A.S.E. jump off Mississippi Head on Mt Hood, Oregon. Matthias Giraud started as a competitive ski racer, but moved on to freeskiing and later on big mountain skiing. Matthias Giraud is known for combining BASE jumping with skiing and completed several first descents and ski BASE jumps across the globe including the first ski BASE jump off the Matterhorn in Switzerland. He is also known for escaping an avalanche off Aiguille Croche in Megeve, France while performing a ski BASE jump with his friend Stefan Laude. Matthias Giraud currently lives in Portland, Oregon.

Career accomplishments[link]

• 2011:

First person to ski BASE jump off the Matterhorn, Switzerland - First Wingsuit flight from the State of Washington, USA to the State of Oregon, USA

• 2010:

Ski BASE jump off the Eiger West wall into the North face, Switzerland; First ski BASE jump off Ingram Peak, Telluride, Colorado, USA

• 2009:

First Descent and ski BASE jump off Aiguille Croche, Megeve, France; First person to ski BASE jump off Ajax Peak, Telluride, Colorado, USA

• 2008:

CNN Headline News - Video segment Voted “Best of Year”; First person to ski BASE jump off Mt Hood, Oregon, USA; First descent and ski BASE jump off Engineer Mountain South Face, Colorado, USA; First BASE jump while wearing a 360 camera with Miles Daisher.

• 2007:

Cover of SKI magazine; 7th Stihl Colorado Freeride Series (Aspen, Colorado, USA); Semi-finalist US Extreme Freeskiing Championships (Crested Butte, Colorado, USA); Forerunner US Freeskiing Open (Telluride, USA)

Publications & Media Coverage[link]

• CNN Headline News
• ABC - Good Morning America
• National Geographic TV
• Weather Channel
• Fox News
• ABC News
• NBC News
• Ski Magazine
• Skiing Magazine
• The Ski Journal
• Backcountry Magazine
• Skydiving Magazine
• Ski Canada
• Ski & Board (UK)
• Skipass.com
• SBC Skier
• ESPN Freesking
• WIDSIX TV

Media Testimonials[link]

“I’ve worked with Matthias Giraud on numerous projects over the last three years, and have found him to be hardworking, professional, and enthusiastic. Matthias possesses a rare mixture of natural physical talent, unbelievable enthusiasm and energy, and the ability to work with a team to accomplish incredible goals. He understands the needs surrounding the projects he works on, and makes sure that everyone is taken care of. Matty is incredibly focused and diligent, and we always look forward to any opportunity to work with him.”

John Trousdale, Inside Durango TV

“Matthias rocks! Ok, so that phrase is over-used, but it couldn’t be more appropriate for an adventurer like this. It’s rare to find someone so out-going, ready-for-anything and just down right fun. He’s the ultimate professional when it comes to being interviewed on television. He knows exactly the sound bite to give that will actually be used in stories, he generates a genuine excitement in viewers, is loyal to his sponsors, and engaging. Not to mention… the camera loves his charming French smile! I’m always hounding him to hurry up and take the next plunge on some crazy adventure because this guy is great for ratings!”

Anita Kissee, KATU-TV Anchor, ABC Network

“As a producer for National Geographic Television I recently completed a profile of extreme sports adventurer Matthias Giraud. On camera he grabs your attention with his passion for his sport and life. His enthusiasm is infectious, and he is captivating to watch whether jumping off a cliff or recounting his life’s experiences. Matthias is a great communicator and storyteller. He maintains a love for adventure and fun, while being thoroughly professionally in his work. He was helpful both creatively working in story development and also in completing legal contracts. I would look forward to working with him in the future”.

April Chabries, Producer, National Geographic Television

References[link]

1. CNN Headline News - Best of the Year
2. Good Morning America 2008
3. Skier makes daring base jump off Mount Hood
4. Special camera puts viewers in the adventure
5. Skipass.com Aiguille Croche Video
6. Man BASE jumps off Engineer
7. Extreme Skier Jumps Off Cliff, Films Avalanche
8. Smith Optics The Lounge
9. Ski B.A.S.E. Jumper Matthias Giraud

External links[link]

• [1]
• [2]
• [3]
• [4]