Coordinates	12°58′0″N77°34′0″N
Name	Ottawa
Official name	City of Ottawa''Ville d'Ottawa''
Settlement type	City
Nickname	Bytown
Motto	"Advance-Ottawa-En Avant"Written in the two official languages.
Map caption	The Rideau Canal
Image shield	Ottawa coat of arms.png
Map caption	Location of the City of Ottawa in the Province of Ontario, Canada
Coordinates region	CA-ON
Subdivision type	Country
Subdivision name
Subdivision type1	Province
Subdivision name1
Subdivision type2	Region
Subdivision name2	National Capital Region
Leader title	Mayor
Leader title1	City Council
Leader name1	Ottawa City Council
Leader title2	MPs
Leader name2
Leader title3	MPPs
Leader name3
Leader name	Jim Watson
Established title	Established
Established date	1826 as Bytown
Established title2	Incorporation
Established title2	Incorporated
Established date2	1855 as City of Ottawa
Established title3	Amalgamated
Established date3	January 1, 2001
Area footnotes
Area total km2	2778.64
Area total sq mi	1072.9
Area urban km2	512.29
Area metro km2	5318.36
Population as of	2006
Population total	812,129 (4th)
Population density km2	292.3
Population metro	1,130,761 (4th)
population blank1 title	Demonym
Timezone	Eastern (EST)
Utc offset	−5
Timezone dst	EDT
Utc offset dst	-4
Elevation m	70
Elevation ft	230
Website	ottawa.ca
Postal code type	Postal code span
Postal code	K0A, K1A-K4C
Area code	613, 343, 819
Footnotes	}}

Ottawa ( or ) is the capital of Canada, the second largest city in the Province of Ontario, and the fourth largest city in the country. The city is located on the south bank of the Ottawa River in the eastern portion of Southern Ontario. Ottawa borders Gatineau, Quebec, located on the north bank of the Ottawa River; together they form the National Capital Region (NCR).

The 2006 census had the city's population as 812,129, and the metropolitan population as 1,130,761. In 2009, Ottawa-Gatineau's population was estimated at 1,220,674, fifth among census metropolitan areas in Canada. Mercer ranked Ottawa with the second highest quality of living of any in the Americas, and 14th highest in the world. It was also considered the second cleanest city in Canada, and third cleanest city in the world.

Founded in 1826 as Bytown and incorporated as "Ottawa" in 1855, the city has evolved into a political and technological center of Canada. Its original boundaries were expanded through numerous minor annexations and ultimately replaced by a new city incorporation and major amalgamation in 2001 which significantly increased its land area.

The name "Ottawa" is derived from the Algonquin word ''adawe'', meaning "to trade". Ottawa and the Ottawa Valley was home to the Algonquin people prior to the arrival of Europeans during the fur and subsequent lumber trade eras. Initially an Irish and French Christian settlement, Ottawa has become a multicultural - bilingual city with a diverse population.

History

Indigenous peoples and European explorers

The Ottawa Valley was the traditional home of the Algonquin people (Anishinaabe) who called the Ottawa River the ''Kichi Sibi'' or ''Kichissippi''' meaning "Great River" or "Grand River". Archaeological evidence indicates that the Algonquins have occupied portions of the lands of the Ottawa River watershed and travelled through surrounding territory as a hunting and gathering society for over 8,000 years.

In 1610 Étienne Brûlé and then in 1613 Samuel de Champlain, assisted by Algonquin guides, were the first Europeans to travel up the Ottawa River and follow the water route west along the Mattawa and French Rivers to the Great Lakes. Among the first of commercial enterprises to evolve in the Ottawa Valley was the fur trade industry, largely influenced by the Hudson's Bay Company, who used the Ottawa River and its tributaries as the local conveyance for the delivery of fur products to Europe through Montreal and Quebec City.

The Algonquin assert that they never surrendered any territory by treaty, sale, or conquest and have made such claims since the end of the French and Indian War. In 1983 (and still ongoing), the Algonquins of Pikwàkanagàn First Nation presented to the Government of Canada a claim to Aboriginal rights and title within the Ontario portion of the Ottawa and Mattawa River watersheds.

First settlers of the region

By the time settlement started near Ottawa, there were two principal local areas, Nepean Township west of the Rideau River and Gloucester Township to the east. These were formed in 1792. The first settlement near Ottawa was led by Philemon Wright, a New Englander from Woburn, Massachusetts who, on March 7, 1800, arrived with his own and five other families along with twenty-five labourers. the government began sponsored immigration schemes which brought over Irish Catholics and Irish Protestants to settle the Ottawa area, which began a steady stream of Irish immigration there in the next few decades. Along with French Canadians who crossed over from Quebec, these two groups provided the bulk of workers involved in the Rideau Canal project and the timber trade.

Bytown

The construction of the Rideau Canal was overseen by Colonel John By, and was intended to provide a secure route between Montreal and Kingston on Lake Ontario, by-passing the stretch of the St. Lawrence River bordering New York State (the U.S Invasion of Canada (1775) in the War of 1812 being a recent memory). Construction began in 1826 at the northern end (Ottawa River), where Colonel By set up a military barracks on ''Barrack Hill,'' what later became Parliament Hill, and laid out a townsite soon known as Bytown. The west side of the canal, with its higher elevation, became known as "Uppertown", while the east side of the canal (wedged between the canal and Rideau River) was known as the "Lowertown". Bytown's population grew to 1,000 permanent residents as the completion of the Rideau Canal came to an end in November 1831. This led to Lowertown being a crowded and boisterous shanty town, receiving the worst of disease epidemics, such as the Cholera outbreak in 1832, and a typhus outbreak in 1847.

The Shiners' War was a conflict between Irish Catholic and French immigrants in Bytown from 1835 to 1845. The war started when Peter Aylen, a major Irish timber operator, organized a group of Irishmen to attack other timber operations. This group was known as the "Shiners. They attacked French timber rafts and fought against the French on the streets of Bytown.

The Stony Monday Riot took place in Bytown on Monday September 17, 1849. Lord Elgin had signed the Rebellion Losses Bill, compensating Lower Canadians for losses suffered during the Rebellions of 1837-38. The bill was unpopular with Tories because it compensated those who had participated in the rebellion unless they had been convicted of treason.

Bytown was renamed ''Ottawa'' in 1855, when it was incorporated as a city. Prominent figures of Bytown and early Ottawa include; Ruggles Wright, Nicholas Sparks, Thomas McKay, Edward Malloch, Braddish Billings, John Rudolphus Booth, Joseph Merrill Currier, Henry Franklin Bronson and Abraham Dow. The August Ontario Civic Holiday, which is called Simcoe Day in Toronto and Peter Robinson Day in Peterborough, is named Colonel By Day in Ottawa.

Ottawa as Canada's capital

Serving as Canada's capital, Ottawa is home to the Parliament of Canada, the House of Commons, the Senate, the Privy Council, the Supreme Court, the Federal Court and the Bank of Canada. Ottawa is also the permanent residence of both the Canadian monarch and the Governor General of Canada as well as the official residence of the Prime Minister of Canada.

On December 31, 1857, Queen Victoria was asked to choose a common capital for the Province of Canada (modern day Ontario and Quebec) and chose Ottawa. While Ottawa is now a metropolis and Canada's fourth largest city, at the time it was a fast growing, sometimes unruly logging town in the hinterland with a population now reaching 10,000 individuals. Ottawa was far away from the colony's main cities, Quebec City and Montreal in Canada East, and Kingston and Toronto in Canada West.

The Queen's advisers suggested she pick Ottawa for several important reasons: Ottawa's position in the back country made it more defensible, while still allowing easy transportation over the Ottawa River to Canada East, and over the Rideau Canal to Canada West. Two other considerations were that Ottawa was at a point nearly exactly midway between Toronto and Quebec City (), and that the small size of the town made it less likely that politically motivated mobs could go on a rampage and destroy government buildings, as had happened in the previous Canadian capitals. The Ottawa River and the Rideau Canal network meant that Ottawa could be supplied by water from Kingston and Montreal without going along the potentially treacherous US-Canada border. At the time of the decision, the Bytown and Prescott Railway had already been in operation for two years. Thus, another factor in the advisement was the knowledge that Ottawa would soon have railway connections to Toronto and Montreal via Brockville (by 1859 it turned out), and thus access to other connecting rail lines in Canada and the United States in the very near future. Thus, Ottawa would still be relatively isolated and thus defensible, but yet would soon be more easily accessible by water and rail, which would be essential for a permanent capital. In 1866, the legislature was finally moved to Ottawa, after a few years of alternating between Toronto and Quebec City.

Twentieth century

The Hull-Ottawa fire of 1900 destroyed two thirds of Hull, including 40 per cent of its residential buildings and most of its largest employers along the waterfront. The fire also spread across the wooden Chaudière Bridge and destroyed about one fifth of Ottawa from the Lebreton Flats south to Booth Street and down to Dow's Lake.

The Centre Block of the Parliament buildings were destroyed by fire on February 3, 1916. The House of Commons and Senate were temporarily relocated to the recently constructed Victoria Memorial Museum, currently the Canadian Museum of Nature, located about south of Parliament Hill on McLeod Street at Metcalfe Street. A new Centre Block was completed in 1922, the centrepiece of which is a dominant Gothic revival styled structure known as the Peace Tower located on Wellington Street.

A series of explosions in the sewers caused property damage throughout the city on May 29, 1929 and again on January 28, 1931. The cause of the explosions was never definitively determined.

On September 5, 1945, only days after the end of World War II, Ottawa was the site of the event that many people consider to be the official start of the Cold War. A Soviet cipher clerk, Igor Gouzenko, defected from the Soviet embassy with over 100 secret documents. The documents provided evidence of a massive Soviet spy network operating in western countries and indirectly, led to the discovery that the Soviets were working on an atomic bomb to match that developed during the Manhattan Project.

The Turkish embassy attack was an attack on the Turkish embassy in Ottawa, on March 12, 1985. The event changed the Canadian government's attitude toward militants and set in motion a chain of events that would eventually lead to the creation of Joint Task Force Two.

Regional plan and amalgamation

French urban planner Jacques Greber was hired in the 1940s to work on a master plan for the National Capital Region (the Greber Plan). Jacques Greber was the creator of the National Capital Greenbelt, the Parkway System, as well as many other projects throughout the NCR. He was also responsible for taking out Ottawa's vast streetcar system and closing down historic Downtown Union Station (now Government Conference Centre) in favour of a suburban station several kilometres to the east.

During the baby boom of the 1950s, Ottawa saw the modernization of its transportation system including the completion of the Bytown bridges. In the 1960s through 1980s, the National Capital Region experienced a building boom, proportionally reflecting that of Montreal and Toronto. This was followed by large growth in the high-tech industry during the 1990s and 2000s.

In 1969, local municipal organizations were affected by the creation by the Province of Ontario of the upper tier Regional Municipality of Ottawa-Carleton (RMOC) making the city of Ottawa, and others, lower tier municipalities within its boundary; before creation of RMOC, the city of Ottawa was geograpically within Carleton County. In 2001, in an amalgamation legislated by the Province, all twelve existing municipalities within and including RMOC were terminated and replaced by a new incorporation named the City of Ottawa (informally referred to as the new City of Ottawa to distinguish it from its predecessors).

Geography

Ottawa is situated on the south bank of the Ottawa River, and contains the mouths of the Rideau River and Rideau Canal. The oldest part of the city (including what remains of Bytown) is known as ''Lower Town'', and occupies an area between the canal and the rivers. Across the canal to the west lies ''Centretown'' and ''Downtown Ottawa'', which is the city's financial and commercial hub. As of June 29, 2007, the Rideau Canal, which stretches to Kingston, Fort Henry and four Martello towers in the Kingston area was recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Located on a major, yet mostly dormant fault line, Ottawa is occasionally struck by earthquakes. Examples include a magnitude 5.2 earthquake on January 1, 2000, a magnitude 4.5 earthquake on February 24, 2006, a magnitude 5.0 earthquake on June 23, 2010.

Across the Ottawa River, which forms the border between Ontario and Quebec, lies the city of Gatineau, itself the result of amalgamation of the former Quebec cities of Hull and Aylmer together with Gatineau. Although formally and administratively separate cities in two separate provinces, Ottawa and Gatineau (along with a number of nearby municipalities) collectively constitute the National Capital Region, with a combined population exceeding one million residents, which is considered a single metropolitan area. One federal crown corporation (the National Capital Commission, or NCC) has significant land holdings in both cities, including sites of historical and touristic importance. The NCC, through its responsibility for planning and development of these lands, is an important contributor to both cities. Around the main urban area is an extensive greenbelt, administered by the National Capital Commission for conservation and leisure, and comprising mostly forest, farmland and marshland.

Climate

Ottawa has a humid continental climate (Köppen ''Dfb'') with a range of temperatures from a record high of , recorded August 11, 1944, to a record low of , recorded on December 29, 1933.

The city experiences four distinct seasons. Summers are warm and humid in Ottawa. The average July maximum temperature is , although daytime temperatures of or higher are commonplace. During periods of hot weather, high humidity is often an aggravating factor, especially close to the rivers. Ottawa averages many days with humidex (combined temperature & humidity index) between and annually.

Spring and fall are variable, prone to extremes in temperature and unpredictable swings in conditions. Hot days above have occurred as early as March (as in 2002) or as late as October, as well as snow well into May and early in October (although such events are extremely unusual and brief). Average annual precipitation averages around . The biggest one-day rainfall occurred on September 9, 2004, when the remnants of Hurricane Frances dumped nearly of rain in the city. The all-time monthly record is 243.4 mm (13.75 inches) set in July 2009. There are about 2,060 hours of average sunshine annually (47% of possible).

Snow and ice are dominant during the winter season. Ottawa receives about of snowfall annually. Its biggest snowfall was recorded on March 3–4, 1947, with of snow. The average January temperature is , although days well above freezing and nights below both occur in the winter. The 2007–08 winter season snowfall () came within 12 cm (5 inches) of the record snowfall set in 1970–1971 (444.1 cm / 174.8 inches).

High wind chills are common, with annual averages of 51, 14 and 1 days with wind chills below , and respectively. The lowest recorded wind chill was on January 8, 1968. Freezing rain is also relatively common, even relative to other parts of the country. One such large storm caused power outages and affected the local economy, and became known as the 1998 Ice Storm.

Destructive summer weather events such as tornadoes, major flash floods, extreme heat waves, severe hail and remnant effects from hurricanes are rare, but all have occurred in the Ottawa area. Some of the most notable tornadoes in the region occurred in 1978 (F2), 1994 (F3), 1999 (F1), 2002 (F1), 2004 (F1) and west end Ottawa 2009 (F0).

Cityscape and infrastructure

Architecture

Influenced by government structures, much of the city's architecture tends to be formalistic and functional. However, the city is also marked by Romantic and Picturesque styles of architecture such as the Parliament Building's gothic revival architecture. Ottawa's domestic architecture is dominated by single family homes. There are also smaller numbers of semi-detached, rowhouses, and apartment buildings. Most domestic buildings are clad in brick, with small numbers covered in wood or stone. The Ottawa skyline has remained conservative in skyscraper height throughout the years due to a skyscraper height restriction. The restrictions were originally implemented to keep Parliament Hill and the Peace Tower at visible from most parts of the City. Today, several buildings are slightly taller than the Peace Tower, with the tallest located on Albert Street being the 29-storey Place de Ville (Tower C) at . Federal buildings in the National Capital Region are managed by Public Works Canada, while most of the federal land in the region is managed by the National Capital Commission; its control of much undeveloped land gives the NCC a great deal of influence over the city's development.

Neighbourhoods and outlying communities

Ottawa is bounded on the east by the United Counties of Prescott and Russell; by Renfrew County and Lanark County in the west; on the south by the United Counties of Leeds and Grenville and the United Counties of Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry; and on the north by the Regional County Municipality of Les Collines-de-l'Outaouais and the City of Gatineau. Modern Ottawa is made up of eleven historic townships, ten of which are from Carleton County and one from Russell.

The city has a main urban area but there are many other urban, suburban and rural areas within the modern city's limits. The main suburban area extends a considerable distance to the east, west and south of the centre, and includes the former cities of Gloucester, Nepean and Vanier, the former village of Rockcliffe Park and the community of Blackburn Hamlet, the community of Orléans. The Kanata suburban area consists of Kanata and the former village of Stittsville. Nepean is another major suburb which also includes Barrhaven and the former village of Manotick. There are also the communities of Riverside South on the other side of the Rideau River, Morgan's Grant and Greely, southeast of Riverside South.

There are a number of rural communities (villages and hamlets) that lie beyond the greenbelt but are administratively part of the Ottawa municipality. Some of these communities are Burritts Rapids; Ashton; Fallowfield; Kars; Fitzroy Harbour; Munster; Carp; North Gower; Metcalfe; Constance Bay and Osgoode and Richmond. There are also a number of towns in the national capital region but outside the city of Ottawa, one of these urban communities is Almonte, Ontario.

Highways, streets and roads

The capital city of Canada is also served by a network of freeways, the main one being provincial Highway 417 (called The Queensway), Ottawa-Carleton Regional Road 174 (formerly Provincial Highway 17), and Highway 416 (Veterans' Memorial Highway), connecting Ottawa to the rest of the 400-Series Highway network in Ontario. Highway 417 is also the Ottawa portion of the Trans-Canada Highway. The city also has several scenic parkways (promenades), such as Colonel By Drive, Queen Elizabeth Driveway, the Ottawa River Parkway, Rockcliffe Parkway and the Aviation Parkway and has a freeway connection to Autoroute 5 and Autoroute 50, in Gatineau. In 2006, the National Capital Commission completed work on the long-discussed Confederation Boulevard, a ceremonial route linking key attractions in National Capital Region, on both sides of the Ottawa River, in Ottawa as well as Gatineau, Quebec.

Inter-city services

Ottawa is served by a number of airlines that fly into the Ottawa Macdonald-Cartier International Airport, as well as two main regional airports Gatineau-Ottawa Executive Airport, and Ottawa/Carp Airport. The city is also served by inter-city passenger rail service at the Ottawa Train Station by Via Rail, and inter-city bus service operating out of the Ottawa Bus Central Station.

Public transit

In 1866, Ottawa first public transportation system began with the operation of a horsecar system. The horse-drawn streetcars travelled back and fourth from New Edinburgh to the Chaudière Bridge. The horsecar would remain a staple means of public transportation until Thomas Ahearn founded the "Ottawa Electric Railway Company" in 1880. This private enterprise eventually provided heated streetcar service covering the downtown core.

The current public transit system is operated by OC Transpo, a department of the city. An integrated hub-and-spoke system of services is available consisting of: (1) regular buses travelling on fixed routes in mixed traffic, typical of most urban transit systems; (2) a bus rapid transit (BRT) system — a high frequency bus service operating on the transitway — a network of mostly grade-separated dedicated bus lanes within their own right-of-way and having full stations with Park & Ride facilities further supported by on-road reserved bus lanes and priority traffic signal controls; (3) a light rail transit (LRT) system known as the ''O-Train'' operating on one north-south route; and (4) a door-to-door bus service for the disabled known as ParaTranspo. Both OC Transpo and the Quebec-based ''Société de transport de l'Outaouais (STO)'' operate bus services between Ottawa and Gatineau.

Bicycle and pedestrian pathways

There is a large network of paved multi-use trails that wind their way through much of the city, including along the Ottawa River, Rideau River, and Rideau Canal. These pathways are used for transportation, tourism, and recreation. Because most streets either have wide curb lanes or bicycle lanes, cycling is a popular mode of transportation in the region throughout the year. There are over 220 kilometeres of paths located throughout the Ottawa-Gatineau region. There are a few downtown streets that are restricted to only bicycle or pedestrians, such as Sparks Street that was turned into a pedestrian mall in 1966. On Sundays and selected holidays and events additional avenues and streets are reserved for pedestrian and/or bicycle uses only. The Ottawa and Gatineau rivers were historically important in the logging and lumber industries and the Rideau as part of the Rideau Canal system for military, commercial and, susequently, recreational purposes. The Rideau Canal, connecting the Ottawa River and the Saint Lawrence River at Kingston, Ontario, by-passes unnavigable sections of the Rideau River as it winds its way through the city. Rideau is a French word that means 'Curtain' in English, and the Rideau Falls resemble a curtain, thusly named by Samuel de Champlain in 1613. During part of the winter season the frozen waters of the canal form the world's largest skating rink thereby providing both a recreational venue and a 7.8 kilometres (4.8 miles) transportation path to downtown for ice skaters (from Carleton University and Dow's Lake to the Rideau Centre and National Arts Centre).

Demographics

In 2006, the populations of the City of Ottawa and the Ottawa-Gatineau census metropolitan area (CMA) were 812,129 and 1,130,761 respectively, while the Ottawa-Gatineau urban area had a population of 860,928. The city had a population density of 1,680.5 persons per km² in 2006, while the CMA had a population density of 197.8 persons per km². The estimated population of the National Capital Region is 1,451,415.

In 2001, the population of the pre-amalgamated city was 337,031. In 2001, females made up 51.2% of the amalgamated Ottawa population, while the median age of the population was 36.7 years of age. Youths under 15 years of age comprised 18.9% of the total population, while those of retirement age (65 years and older) comprised 11.4%.

Between 1987 and 2002, 131,816 individuals relocated to the city, which represents 75% of the population growth for that period. Foreign immigration plays a significant role in Ottawa's population growth. As of 2006 foreign-born residents make up approximately 22% of the populace, many of whom come from China, Lebanon, North Africa, Iran, and the Balkans. Those of Aboriginal origin numbered 1.5% of the total population. Members of visible minority groups (non-white/European) constituted 20.2%. The largest visible minority groups were people of Black (4.9%), Chinese (3.8%), South Asian (3.3%) and Arab (3.0%) ancestry.

According to the 2001 census, the most practiced religion is Christianity as 74.7% of the population described themselves belonging to various Christian denominations. The largest denomination is Catholicism at 43.3% of city residents. Members of Protestant churches formed 27.6%, Christian Orthodox were 2.1%, and 1.8% belonged to other Christian groups, including Jehovah's Witnesses and The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Non-Christian religion practiced in Ottawa included Islam (5.2%), Judaism (1.5%), Buddhism (1.2%), Hinduism (1.1%), and Sikhism (0.3%). Those professing other forms of eastern religion or no religion formed 0.2% and 15.7% of the population respectively.

The Algonquian languages have been spoken for centuries by the Indigenous peoples and subsequently by the French coureurs des bois and voyageurs of the Ottawa valley during the 1600s and 1700s. Starting in the mid 1800s, Irish settlers of the Ottawa valley develop a distinct dialect referred to as "Ottawa Valley Twang". Traces of "Valley Twang" although rare, can still be heard in the valley's more isolated areas.

Bilingualism in Ottawa became official policy in 2002, making all municipal services available in both of Canada's official languages (Canadian English and Canadian French). Nearly 300,000 people, or 37% of Ottawa's population, can speak both languages, As such it is the largest city in Canada with both English and French as co-official languages. Those who identified their mother tongue as English constitute 62.6%, French 14.9%, and both 0.9%. An additional 21.6% list languages other than English and French as their mother tongue. These include Italian, Chinese, Somali, Spanish, German, Persian, Urdu, Lebanese along with other dialects of the Arabic language. When questioned on their knowledge of Canada's official languages, 59.9% of the population reported speaking only English; 37.2% reported speaking both English and French; 1.6% spoke only French; and 1.3% spoke neither official language.

Local government and politics

Ottawa is a single-tier municipality, meaning it is in itself a census division and has no county or regional municipality government above it. As a single tier municipality, Ottawa has responsibility for all municipal services, including fire, ambulatory, police, parks, roads, sidewalks, public transit, drinking water, stormwater, sanitary sewage and solid waste. Ottawa is governed by the 24-member Ottawa City Council consisting of 23 councillors each representing one ward and the mayor, currently Jim Watson, elected in a citywide vote.

Along with being the capital of Canada, Ottawa is politically diverse in local politics. Most of the city has traditionally supported the Liberal Party. Perhaps the safest areas for the Liberals are the ones dominated by Francophones, especially in Vanier and central Gloucester. Central Ottawa is usually more left-leaning, and the New Democratic Party can win ridings there as government unions and activist groups are fairly strong. Some of Ottawa's suburbs are swing areas, notably central Nepean and, despite its Francophone population, Orléans. The southern and western parts of the old city of Ottawa are generally moderate and swing to the Conservative Party. The farther one goes outside the city centre like to Kanata and Barrhaven and rural areas, the voters tend to be increasingly conservative, both fiscally and socially. This is especially true in the former Townships of West Carleton, Goulbourn, Rideau and Osgoode, which are more in line with the conservative areas in the surrounding counties. However not all rural areas support the Conservative Party. Rural parts of the former township of Cumberland, with a large number of Francophones, traditionally support the Liberal Party, though their support has recently weakened.

Education

Ottawa is known as one of the most educated cities in Canada, with over half the population having graduated from College and/or university. Ottawa has the highest per capita concentration of engineers, scientists, and residents with PhDs in Canada.

The city has two main public universities Carleton University and University of Ottawa, and two main public colleges Algonquin College and La Cité collégiale. It also has two Christian universities Dominican University College and Saint Paul University. There is also the University of Quebec en Outaouais, Cégep de l'Outaouais, and Heritage College in the neighbouring City of Gatineau.

There are four main public school boards in Ottawa. English, English-Catholic, French, and French-Catholic. The Ottawa-Carleton District School Board (OCDSB) is the largest board with 147 schools, followed by the Ottawa Catholic School Board with 85 schools. The two French language boards are the Conseil des écoles catholiques du Centre-Est with 49 schools, and the Conseil des écoles publiques de l'Est de l'Ontario with 37 schools. The Ottawa Public Library was created in 1906 as part of the famed Carnegie library system. The library system had 2.3 million items as of 2008.

Economy

Ottawa's primary employers are the Public Service of Canada and the high-tech industry. The city has a high standard of living and low unemployment. Ottawa had the fourth highest growth rate among major Canadian cities in 2007 with a 2.7% GDP growth rate, which exceeded the Canadian average of 2.4%. It is estimated that the National Capital Region attracts around seven million tourists annually who spend about 1.3 billion dollars.

The Federal government is the city's largest employer, employing over 110,000 individuals from the National Capital region. Ottawa is also an important technology centre; its 1800 companies employ approximately 80,000 people. The concentration of companies in this industry earned the city the nickname of "Silicon Valley North." Most of these companies specialize in telecommunications, software development, environmental technology. Large technology companies such as Nortel, Corel, Mitel, Cognos and JDS Uniphase were founded in the city. Ottawa also has regional locations for 3M, Adobe Systems, Bell Canada, IBM Alcatel-Lucent and Hewlett-Packard. Many of the telecommunications and new technology are located in the western part of the city (formerly Kanata).

Another major employer is the health sector, which employs over 18,000 people. Nordion, i-Stat as well as the National Research Council of Canada and OHRI are part of the growing life science sector. Business, finance, administration, and sales and service occupations rank high among types of occupations. Approximately ten percent of Ottawa's GDP is derived from finance, insurance, real estate whereas employment is in goods-producing industries is only half the national average. The City of Ottawa is the second largest employer with over 15,000 employees.

In 2006, Ottawa experienced an increase of 40,000 jobs over 2001 with a five-year average growth that was relative slower than in the late 1990s. While the number of employees in the federal government stagnated, the high-technology industry grew by 2.4%. The overall growth of jobs in Ottawa-Gatineau was 1.3% compared to the previous year, down to sixth place behind Edmonton (6.7%), Calgary (3.9%), Vancouver (3.0%), Montreal (2.5%) and Toronto (2.3%). The unemployment rate in Ottawa-Gatineau was 5.2% (only in Ottawa: 5.1%), which was below the national average of 6.0%. The economic downturn resulted in an increase in the unemployment rate between April 2008 and April 2009 from 4.7 to 6.3%. In the province, however, this rate increased over the same period from 6.4 to 9.1%.

The region of Ottawa-Gatineau has the third highest income of all major Canadian cities. The average gross income in the region amounted to $40,078 (with $52,927 to Calgary and Edmonton with $42,866), an increase of 4.9% compared to the previous year. Net income was $30,347 (increased by 4.4% year on year) and for the region also means third place. The annual cost of living rate in 2007 was 1.9%. The average single income in 2005 was 43,613, while the average private household income was 85,136.

Culture

Traditionally the ByWard Market (in Lower Town), the Golden Triangle (in Centretown) and Downtown have been the focal points of the cultural scenes in Ottawa. Modern thoroughfares such as Wellington Street, Rideau Street, Sussex Drive, Elgin Street, Bank Street, Somerset Street, Preston Street and Sparks Street; are home to many boutiques, museums, theaters, galleries, landmarks and memorials, while dominated by eating establishments, cafes, bars and nightclubs.

Ottawa's hosts a variety of annual seasonal activities — such as Winterlude, the largest festival in Canada, and Canada Day celebrations on Parliament Hill and surrounding downtown area, as well as Bluesfest, Canadian Tulip Festival, Ottawa International Jazz Festival, Fringe Festival, Folk Music Festival, and SuperEX that have grown to become some of the largest festivals of their kind in the world. In 2010, Ottawa's Festival industry received the IFEA "World Festival and Event City Award" for the category of North American cities with a population between 500,000 and 1,000,000.

As Canada's capital, Ottawa has played host to a number of significant cultural events in Canadian history, including the first visit of the reigning Canadian sovereign—King George VI, with his consort, Queen Elizabeth—to his parliament, on 19 May 1939. VE Day was marked with a large celebration on 8 May 1945, the first raising of the country's new national flag took place on 15 February 1965, and the centennial of Confederation was celebrated on 1 July 1967. Elizabeth II was in Ottawa on 17 April 1982, to issue a royal proclamation of the enactment of the Constitution Act. In 1983, Prince Charles and Diana Princess of Wales came to Ottawa for a state dinner hosted by then Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau. In 2011, Ottawa was selected as the first city to receive Prince William, Duke of Cambridge, and Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge during their Royal tour of Canada.

Museums and performing arts

Amongst the city's national museums and galleries is the National Gallery of Canada designed by famous architect Moshe Safdie, it is a permanent home to the Maman statue. The Canadian War Museum houses over 3.75 million artifacts and was moved to an expanded facility in 2005. The Canadian Museum of Nature was built in 1905, and over went a major renovation from 2004–2010. Across the river Ottawa river in Gatineau is the most visited museum in Canada, the Canadian Museum of Civilization. Designed by Canadian aboriginal architect Douglas Cardinal, the complex built at a cost of 340 million USD also houses the Canadian Children's Museum, the Canadian Postal Museum and 3D IMAXtheatre.

The city is also home to the Canada Agriculture Museum, the Canada Aviation and Space Museum, the Canada Science and Technology Museum, Billings Estate Museum, Bytown Museum, Canadian Museum of Contemporary Photography, Canadian Ski Museum, Currency Museum, and the Portrait Gallery of Canada.

The Ottawa Little Theatre, originally called the Ottawa Drama League at its inception in 1913, is the longest-running community theatre company in Ottawa. Since 1969, Ottawa has been the home of the National Arts Centre, a major performing arts venue that houses four stages and is home to the National Arts Centre Orchestra, the Ottawa Symphony Orchestra, and Opera Lyra Ottawa. Established in 1975, the Great Canadian Theatre Company specialises in the production of Canadian plays at a local level.

Historic and heritage sites

The Rideau Canal is the oldest continuously operated canal system in North America, and in 2007, it was registered as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. In addition, there are 24 National Historic Sites of Canada in Ottawa and five others within the National Capital Region: the ''Former Almonte Post Office'' and ''Rosamond Woollen Mill'' in Almonte, the ''Gillies Grove and House'' in Arnprior, the ''Manoir Papineau'' in Montebello and the ''Symmes Hotel'' in the Aylmer sector of Gatineau.

Many other properties of cultural value have been designated as having "heritage elements" by the City of Ottawa under Part IV of the Ontario Heritage Act.

Media

There are three main daily local newspapers printed in Ottawa: two English newspapers, the Ottawa Citizen established as ''the Bytown Packet'' in 1845 and the Ottawa Sun, with 900,197 and 274,628 weekly circulation respectively, and one French newspaper, ''Le Droit''. Weekly and monthly papers include the Ottawa Business Journal, Ottawa Xpress and the Epoch Times. A wide range of Canadian broadcast networks and systems are available in both English and French. Some of the local television stations include CJOH, A network, CHOT and TVA. There are a wide range of radio stations that broadcast in both English and French. Some of this station include 580 News, Hot 89.9, Bob FM, CHEZ-FM, Jack FM, DAWG FM and NRJ.

Sports

Sport in Ottawa has a history dating back to the 19th century. Ottawa is currently home to one professional sports team, the Ottawa Senators of the National Hockey League. A second pro team, a new Canadian Football League franchise, is scheduled to debut in 2013. Several non-professional teams also play in Ottawa, including the Ottawa 67's junior hockey team.

Collegiate teams in various sports compete in Canadian Interuniversity Sport. The Carleton Ravens are nationally ranked in basketball, and the Ottawa Gee-Gees are nationally-ranked in football and basketball. Algonquin College has also won numerous national championships. The city is home to an assortment of amateur organized team sports such as soccer, basketball, baseball, curling and horse racing. Casual recreational activities, such as skating, cycling, hiking, sailing, golfing, skiing and fishing/ice fishing are also popular.

Ottawa diplomatic missions and relations

At present, Ottawa is host to 130 embassies. A further 49 countries accredit their embassies and missions in the United States to Canada.

;Sister cities of Ottawa : Beijing, China (1999) : Buenos Aires, Argentina : Catania, Sicily, Italy : Palermo, Sicily, Italy : Campobasso, Molise, Italy : Seoul, South Korea

See also

List of national capitals

List of bridges in Ottawa

List of hospitals in Ottawa

List of Ottawa buildings

List of Ottawa churches

List of Ottawa cinemas

List of Ottawa mosques

List of Ottawa synagogues

List of people from Ottawa

References

;Bibliography

External links

City of Ottawa's website

City of Ottawa's info page

Ottawa Tourism

}}

Category:Capitals in North America Category:High-technology business districts Category:Populated places established in 1826 Category:Ontario communities with large francophone populations

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The Ottawa Senators are a professional ice hockey team based in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. They are members of the Northeast Division of the Eastern Conference of the National Hockey League (NHL). The Senators play their home games at the 19,153 seat (20,500 capacity) Scotiabank Place which opened in 1996.

Founded and established by Ottawa real estate developer Bruce Firestone, the team is the second NHL franchise to use the Ottawa Senators name. The original Ottawa Senators, founded in 1883, had a famed history, winning 11 Stanley Cups and playing in the NHL from 1917 until 1934. On December 6, 1990, after a two year public campaign by Firestone, the NHL awarded a new franchise, which began play in the 1992–93 season. The current team owner is Eugene Melnyk, and in 2009, the club was valued by ''Forbes Magazine'' at $197 million.

The team has had success, qualifying for the Stanley Cup playoffs in twelve of the past fourteen seasons, four division titles, the Presidents' Trophy in 2003 and appeared in the 2007 Stanley Cup Finals. The success has been reflected in attendance. The club has averaged over 18,000 fans per game since 2005–06, peaking at 19,821 in 2007–08.

History

Ottawa had been home to the original Senators, a founding NHL franchise and eleven-time Stanley Cup champions. After the NHL expanded to the United States in the late 1920s, the original Senators' eventual financial losses forced the franchise to move to St. Louis in 1934 operating as the Eagles. The team was unsuccessful in St. Louis, and was permanently suspended after just one year.

Fifty-four years later, after the NHL announced its plans to expand by two teams, Ottawa real estate developer Bruce Firestone decided along with colleagues Cyril Leeder and Randy Sexton that Ottawa was now able to support a NHL franchise, and the group proceeded to put a bid together. His firm, Terrace Investments, did not have the liquid assets to finance the expansion fee and the team, but the group conceived a strategy to leverage a land development. In 1989, after finding a suitable site on farmland just west of Ottawa in Kanata on which to construct a new arena, Terrace announced its intention to win a franchise and launched a successful "Bring Back the Senators" campaign to both woo the public and persuade the NHL that the city could support an NHL franchise. Public support was high and the group would secure over 11,000 season ticket pledges. On December 12, 1990, the NHL granted franchises to Firestone's group, as well as a group in Tampa, Florida, to start play in 1992.

1992–1996: First seasons

The new team hired former NHL player Mel Bridgman, who had no previous NHL management experience, as its first General Manager in 1992. The team was initially interested in hiring former Jack Adams Award winner Brian Sutter as its first head coach, but Sutter came with a high price tag and was reluctant to be a part of an expansion team. When Sutter was eventually signed to coach the Boston Bruins, Ottawa signed Rick Bowness, the man Sutter replaced in Boston. The new Senators played their first game on October 8, 1992, in the Ottawa Civic Centre against the Montreal Canadiens with lots of pre-game spectacle. The Senators would defeat the Canadiens 5–2 in one of the few highlights that season. Montreal would eventually finish the season with a Stanley Cup victory. Following the initial excitement of the opening night victory, the club floundered badly and would eventually tie with the San Jose Sharks for the worst record in the league, winning only 10 games with 70 losses and 4 ties for 24 points, three points better than the NHL record for futility. The Senators had aimed low and considered the 1992–93 season a small success, as Firestone had set a goal for the season of not setting a new NHL record for fewest points in a season. The long term plan was to finish low in the standings for its first few years in order to secure high draft picks and eventually contend for the Stanley Cup.

Original General Manager Mel Bridgman was fired after one season and team president Randy Sexton took over GM duties. Firestone himself soon left the team and Rod Bryden emerged as the new owner. The strategy of aiming low and securing a high draft position did not change. The Senators finished last overall for the next three seasons. Although 1993 first overall draft choice Alexandre Daigle wound up being one of the greatest draft busts in NHL history, they chose Radek Bonk in 1994, Bryan Berard (traded for Wade Redden) in 1995, Chris Phillips in 1996, and Marian Hossa in 1997, all of whom would become solid NHL players and formed a strong core of players in years to come. Alexei Yashin, the team's first ever draft selection from 1992, emerged as one of the NHL's brightest young stars. The team traded many of their better veteran players of the era, including 1992–93 leading scorer Norm Maciver, and fan favorites Mike Peluso and Bob Kudelski, in an effort to stockpile prospects and draft picks.

As the 1995–96 season began, star centre Alexei Yashin refused to honor his contract and did not play. In December, after three straight last-place finishes and a team which was ridiculed throughout the league, fans began to grow restless waiting for the team's long term plan to yield results, and arena attendance began to decline. Rick Bowness was fired in late 1995 and was replaced by Prince Edward Island Senators head coach Dave Allison. Allison would fare no better than his predecessor, and the team would stumble to a 2–22–3 record under him. Sexton himself was fired and replaced by Pierre Gauthier, the former assistant GM of Anaheim. Before the end of January 1996, Gauthier had resolved the team's most pressing issues by settling star player Alexei Yashin's contract dispute, and hiring the highly regarded Jacques Martin as head coach. While Ottawa finished last overall once again, the 1995–96 season ended with renewed optimism, due in part to the upgraded management and coaching, and also to the emergence of an unheralded rookie from Sweden named Daniel Alfredsson, who would win the Calder Memorial Trophy as NHL Rookie of the Year in 1996.

1996–2004: Jacques Martin era

Martin would impose a "strong defence first" philosophy that led to the team qualifying for the playoffs every season that he coached, but he was criticized for the team's lack of success in the playoffs, notably losing four straight series against the provincial rival Toronto Maple Leafs. Martin outlasted several general managers and a change in ownership.

In 1996–97, his first season, the club qualified for the playoffs in the last game of the season, and nearly defeated the Buffalo Sabres in the first round. In 1997–98, the club finished with their first winning record and upset the heavily favoured New Jersey Devils to win their first playoff series. In 1998–99, the Senators jumped from 14th overall in the previous season to 3rd, with 103 points—the first 100-point season in club history, only to be swept in the first round. In 1999–2000 despite the holdout of team captain Alexei Yashin, Martin guided the team to the playoffs, only to lose to the Maple Leafs in the first Battle of Ontario series. Yashin returned for 2000–01 and the team improved to win their division and place second in the Eastern Conference. Yashin played poorly in another first round playoff loss and on the day of the 2001 NHL Entry Draft, he was traded to the New York Islanders in exchange for Zdeno Chara, Bill Muckalt, and the second overall selection in the draft, which Ottawa promptly used to select centre Jason Spezza.

The 2001–02 Senators regular season points total dropped, but in the playoffs, they upset the Philadelphia Flyers for the franchise's second playoff series win. Yet the Sens would lose in game 7 of the second round of the playoffs. Despite speculation that Martin would be fired, it was GM Marshall Johnston who left, retiring from the team, replaced by John Muckler, the Senators' first with previous GM experience.

In 2002–03 off-ice problems dominated the headlines, as the Senators filed for bankruptcy in mid-season, but continued play after getting emergency financing. Despite the off-ice problems, Ottawa had an outstanding season, placing first overall in the NHL to win the President's Trophy. In the playoffs they came within one game of making it into the finals. Prior to the 2003–04 season, pharmaceutical billionaire Eugene Melnyk would purchase the club to bring financial stability. Martin would guide the team to another good regular season but again would lose in the first round of the playoffs, leading to Martin's dismissal as management felt that a new coach was required for playoff success.

2004–present: Bryan Murray era

After the playoff loss, owner Melnyk promised that changes were coming and they came quickly. In June 2004, Anaheim Ducks GM Bryan Murray of nearby Shawville, became head coach. That summer, the team also made substantial personnel changes, trading long-time players Patrick Lalime and Radek Bonk, and signing free agent goaltender Dominik Hasek. The team would not be able to show its new lineup for a year, as the 2004–05 NHL lockout intervened and most players playing in Europe or in the minors. In a final change, just before the 2005–06 season, the team traded long-time player Marian Hossa for Dany Heatley.

The media predicted the Senators to be Stanley Cup contenders in 2005–06, as they had a strong core of players returning, played in an up-tempo style fitting the new rule changes and Hasek was expected to provide top-notch goaltending. The team rushed out of the gate, winning 19 of the first 22 games, in the end winning 52 games and 113 points, placing first in the conference, and second overall. The newly formed 'CASH' line of Alfredsson, Spezza and newly acquired Dany Heatley established itself as one of the league's top offensive lines. Hasek played well until he was injured during the 2006 Winter Olympics, forcing the team to enter the playoffs with rookie netminder Ray Emery as their starter. Without Hasek, the club bowed out in a second round loss to the Buffalo Sabres.

2006–07: Trip to the Stanley Cup finals

In 2006–07, the Senators reached the Stanley Cup Finals after qualifying for the playoffs in nine consecutive seasons. The Senators had a high turn-over of personnel and the disappointment of 2006 to overcome and started the season poorly. Trade rumours swirled around Daniel Alfredsson for most of the last months of 2006. The team lifted itself out of last place in the division to nearly catch the Buffalo Sabres by season's end, placing fourth in the Eastern Conference. The team finished with 105 points, their fourth straight 100 point season and sixth in the last eight. In the playoffs, Ottawa continued its good play. Led by the 'CASH' line, goaltender Ray Emery, and the strong defence of Chris Phillips and Anton Volchenkov, the club defeated the Pittsburgh Penguins, the second-ranked New Jersey Devils, and the top-ranked Buffalo Sabres to advance to the Stanley Cup Finals.

;First Stanley Cup finals in the capital in 80 years The 2006–07 Senators thus became the first Ottawa team to be in the Stanley Cup final since 1927 and the city was swept up in the excitement. Businesses along all of the main streets posted large hand-drawn 'Go Sens Go' signs, residents put up large displays in front of the their homes or decorated their cars. A large Ottawa Senators flag was draped on the City Hall, along with a large video screen showing the games. A six-storey likeness of Daniel Alfredsson was hung on the Corel building. Rallies were held outside of City Hall, car rallies of decorated cars paraded through town and a section of downtown, dubbed the 'Sens Mile', was closed off to traffic during and after games for fans to congregate.

In the final, the Senators now faced the Anaheim Ducks, considered a favourite since the start of the season, a team the Senators had last played in 2006, and a team known for its strong defence. The Ducks won the first two games in Anaheim 3-2 and 1–0. Returning home, the Senators won game three 5–3, but lost game four 3–2. The Ducks won game five 6–2 in Anaheim to clinch the series. The Ducks had played outstanding defence, shutting down the 'CASH' line, forcing Murray to split up the line. The Ducks scored timely goals and Ducks' goaltender Giguere out-played Emery.

2007–08: Stanley Cup hangover

The Senators made major changes in their hockey staff during the off-season. On June 17, 2007, general manager John Muckler was fired; he had been in the last year of his contract. Head coach Bryan Murray was promoted to GM. On July 5, 2007, he hired his nephew Tim Murray as assistant GM, followed by the promotion of assistant coach John Paddock to head coach on July 6, 2007. On August 15, goaltending coach Ron Low was named as assistant coach and Eli Wilson was named goaltending coach. Assistant coach Greg Carvel retained his duties.

On November 5, 2007, the Ottawa Senators set a franchise record eighth straight win with their victory over the Toronto Maple Leafs. On November 6, six Senators were named to the All-Star Game ballot: Daniel Alfredsson, Ray Emery, Dany Heatley, Chris Phillips, Wade Redden and Jason Spezza, the most from any one team in the NHL. The CASH line was named to the All-Star roster in its entirety: Alfredsson to the starting lineup and Dany Heatley and Jason Spezza as reserves. On January 24, 2008, Alfredsson recorded a franchise record 7 points (3 goals, 4 assists) against the Tampa Bay Lightning, taking over the NHL scoring lead momentarily.

After the hot start, a prolonged slump through January and February occurred during which the Senators won only 7 of 21 games, and Murray fired head coach Paddock and assistant coach Ron Low on February 27, 2008, taking over the coaching duties himself. After the coaching switch, team performance improved, but did not match the performance of the beginning of the season. A playoff spot was in doubt until the Senators' last game of the season, a loss to Boston, but the team qualified due to Carolina losing. After all other games were played, the team ended up as the 7th seed and faced the Pittsburgh Penguins in the opening round, a repeat of the 2006-2007 Eastern Conference quarter final. The Senators lost the series 4–0, the third time they were swept in a first-round series. The result, after going to the finals the previous season, led to speculation by the media that the team would make a large change in personnel before next season, including the buying out of Ray Emery and the Senators not re-signing their free agents.

2008–09: Season of Turnover

After a disappointing 2007–08 season, Senators' management promised change, and in the off-season fulfilled that promise with changes both in coaching and on-ice personnel. On June 13, 2008, the Senators named Craig Hartsburg, who had been head coach of the OHL's Sault Ste. Marie Greyhounds, as the new head coach, signing him to a three-year contract. The Senators also named Curtis Hunt, formerly of the Regina Pats, as assistant coach. On the player side, the first change was the buy-out of troubled goaltender Ray Emery's contract following a difficult season. Long-time Senator Wade Redden left via free-agency, and 2007–08 trade acquisitions Mike Commodore, Cory Stillman, and Martin Lapointe were not re-signed. Brian McGrattan and Andrej Meszaros were traded, Meszaros following a contract dispute. From the free agent market, the Senators signed goaltender Alex Auld, defenceman Jason Smith, and agitating forward Jarkko Ruutu. In exchange for Meszaros, defencemen Filip Kuba, Alexandre Picard, and a 2009 first round pick (later dealt for defenceman Chris Campoli) were acquired from the Tampa Bay Lightning.

To start the 2008–09 season, the Senators played their first-ever games in Europe, starting in Gothenburg, Sweden, playing Daniel Alfredsson's former team Frolunda HC. The Senators then began the regular season with two games in Stockholm, Sweden against the Pittsburgh Penguins, splitting the results in a 4-3 overtime loss and a 3–1 win. The Senators struggled throughout the first half of the season having the lowest number of goals scored in the league. Following a disappointing 17-24-7 start, the Senators fired Hartsburg on February 1, 2009, following a 7-4 loss to the Washington Capitals. He was replaced by Cory Clouston, the head coach of their farm team in Binghamton, NY. The team showed almost immediate improvement under Clouston, playing above .500 for the remainder of the season. Though much improved, the team was unable to make up for its poor start, and was officially eliminated from playoff contention on March 31. The team continued to play well, winning nine games in a row at home. On April 8, Clouston was rewarded with a two-year deal to continue coaching the Senators.

2009–10 season: Return to the playoffs

After the season had concluded, word was leaked that star forward Heatley had demanded a trade, placing GM Murray in a precarious position. On June 30, a deal to Edmonton was finalized, but Heatley rejected it by refusing to waive his no-trade clause. On September 12, 2009, Heatley was traded, along with a 5th round pick in 2010 NHL Entry Draft, to the San Jose Sharks in exchange for forwards Milan Michalek and Jonathan Cheechoo, as well as a second round pick in the 2010 NHL Draft. Michalek would play well for the Senators, but Cheechoo struggled and was demoted to the Binghamton Senators before having his contract bought out in the off-season.

On January 13, 2010, Bryan Murray relieved goaltending coach Eli Wilson of his duties. Immediately afterward, the team went on a team-record 11-game winning streak. The streak propelled the team to the top of the North-east division standings and a top-three placing for the playoffs. The team was unable to hold off the Sabres for the division lead, but qualified for the playoffs in the fifth position. For the third season in four, the Senators played off against the Penguins in the first round. A highlight for the Senators was winning a triple-overtime fifth game in Pittsburgh, but the team was unable to win a playoff game on home ice, losing the series in six games.

2011–present: Rebuilding

The Senators had a much poorer than expected 2010-2011 campaign, resulting in constant rumours of a shakeup right through until December. The rumours were heightened in January after the team went on a lengthy losing streak. January was a dismal month for the Senators, winning only one game all month. Media speculated on the imminent firing of Clouston, Murray or both. Owner Melynk cleared the air in an article in the January 22, 2011 edition of the ''Ottawa Sun.'' Melnyk stated that he would not fire either Clouston or Murray, but that he had given up on this season and was in the process of developing a plan for the future. On Monday, January 24, the ''Toronto Globe and Mail'' reported that the plan included hiring a new general manager before the June entry draft and that Murray would be retained as an advisor to the team. A decision on whether to retain Clouston would be made by the new general manager. The article by Roy MacGregor, a long-time reporter of the Ottawa Senators, stated that former assistant coach Pierre McGuire had already been interviewed. Murray, in a press conference that day stated that he wished to stay on as the team's general manager. He also stated that Melnyk was allowing him to continue as general manager without restraint. Murray said that the players were now to be judged by their play until the February 28 trade deadline. Murray would attempt to move "a couple, at least" of the players for draft picks or prospects at that time if the Senators remained out of playoff contention. At the time of Murray's comments the team was eight games under .500 and 14 points out of a playoff position after 49 games.

Murray started with the trading of Mike Fisher to the Nashville Predators in exchange for a first-round pick in the 2011 draft. Fisher already had a home in Nashville with new wife Carrie Underwood. The trading of Fisher, a fan favorite in Ottawa, lead to a small anti-Underwood backlash in the city with the banning of her songs from the play lists of some local radio stations. Murray next traded Chris Kelly, another veteran, to the Boston Bruins for a second-round pick in the 2011 draft. A few days later, pending unrestricted free agent Jarkko Ruutu was sent to the Anaheim Ducks in exchange for a sixth-round pick in 2011. A swap of goaltenders was made with the Colorado Avalanche which brought Craig Anderson to Ottawa in exchange for Brian Elliott. Both goalies were having sub-par seasons prior to the trade. Under-achieving forward Alex Kovalev was traded to the Pittsburgh Penguins for a seventh-round draft pick. On trade deadline day, Ottawa picked up goaltender Curtis McElhinney on waivers, and traded Chris Campoli with a seventh-round pick to the Chicago Blackhawks for a second-round pick and Ryan Potulny. Goaltender Anderson played very well down the stretch for Ottawa, and the team quickly signed the soon-to-be unrestricted free agent to a four-year contract. After media speculation on the future of Murray within the organization, Murray was re-signed as general manager on April 8, to a three-year extension. On April 9, head coach Cory Clouston and assistants Greg Carvel and Brad Lauer were dismissed from their positions. Murray said that the decision was made based on the fact that the team entered the season believing it was a contender, but finished with a 32-40-10 record. Former Detroit Red Wings' assistant coach Paul MacLean was hired as Clouston's replacement on June 14, 2011.

Team identity

Logo and jersey design

The team colours are red, black and white, with added trim of gold. The team's away jersey is mostly white with red and black trim, while the home jersey is red, with white and black trim. The club logo is officially the head of a Roman general, a member of the Senate of the Roman Empire, projecting from a gold circle. The original, unveiled on May 23, 1991, described the general as a "centurion figure, strong and prominent" according to its designer, Tony Milchard.

The current jersey design was unveiled on August 22, 2007, in conjunction with the league-wide adoption of the ''Rbk EDGE'' jerseys by Reebok for the 2007–08 season. The jersey incorporates the original Senators' 'O' logo as a shoulder patch. At the same time, the team updated its logos, and switched their usage. The primary logo, which according to team owner Eugene Melnyk, "represents strength and determination" is an update of the old secondary logo. The old primary logo has become the team's secondary logo and only appears on Senators' merchandise.

On November 22, 2008, the Senators unveiled a new third jersey in a game versus the New York Rangers. Marketed with the slogan 'Back in Black' in reference to the black "away" jerseys the team wore during its first several seasons, the jersey is primarily black, while the team's other traditional colors of white and red are also integrated. The Senators' primary "centurion figure" logo moves to the shoulders. The front features the word 'SENS' in white with red and gold trim, as a new primary logo.

On January 20, 2011, the ''Ottawa Sun'' reported that the Senators organization was studying designs for a new third jersey to commemorate the 20th anniversay of the current franchise. The Senators announced to season ticket holders on March 2, 2011, that the new third jersey will be a 'heritage design' based on the early-era Senators jersey.

Attendance and revenues

On April 18, 2008, the club announced its final attendance figures for 2007–08. The club had 40 sell-outs out of 41 home dates, a total attendance of 812,665 during the regular season, placing the club third in attendance in the NHL. The number of sell-outs and the total attendance were both club records. The previous attendance records were set during the 2005–06 with a season total of 798,453 and 33 sell-outs. In 2006–07 regular season attendance was 794,271, with 31 sell-outs out of 41 home dates or an average attendance of 19,372. In the 2007 playoffs, the Senators played 9 games with 9 sell-outs and an attendance of 181,272 for an average of 20,141, the highest in team history.

On October 29, 2008, a Forbes Magazine report valued the Ottawa Senators Hockey Club at $207 million, (13th highest in NHL) with an operating income of $4.7 million on revenues of $96 million in 2006–07. Revenues were the team's highest in its history, while operating income was down from 2006–07 when the Senators had more playoff games. The gate receipts for the 2006–07 season were $50 million. Forbes estimates that the organization has a debt/value ratio of 63%, including arena debt. Eugene Melnyk bought the team for $92 million in 2003.

Arena entertainment

At many home games the fans are entertained both outside and inside Scotiabank Place with a myriad of talent - live music, rock bands, giveaways and promotions. The live music includes the traditional Scottish music of the 'Sons of Scotland Pipe Band' of Ottawa along with highland dancers. Before and during games, entertainment is provided by Spartacat, the official mascot of the Senators, an anthropomorphic lion. He made his debut on the Senators' opening night: October 8, 1992. Anthems are usually sung by Ontario Provincial Police Constable Lyndon Slewidge. Slewidge sings the ''bilingual'' version of ''O Canada'' containing both English and French words.

Sens Army

The fans of the Senators are known as the ''Sens Army''. Like most hockey fanatics, they are known to dress up for games; some in Roman legionary clothing. For the 2006-2007 playoff run, more fans then ever before would wear red, and fan activities included 'Red Rallies' of decorated cars, fan rallies at Ottawa City Hall Plaza and the 'Sens Mile' along Elgin Street where fans would congregate.

Sens Mile

Much like the Red Mile in Calgary during the Flames' 2004 cup run and the Copper Kilometer in Edmonton during the Oilers' 2006 cup run, Ottawa Senators fans took to the streets to celebrate their team's success during the 2006-07 playoffs. The idea to have a 'Sens Mile' on the downtown Elgin Street, a street with numerous restaurants and pubs, began as a grassroots campaign on Facebook by Ottawa residents before Game 4 of the Ottawa-Buffalo Eastern Conference Final series. After the Game 5 win, Ottawa residents closed the street to traffic for a spontaneous celebration. The City of Ottawa then closed Elgin Street for each game of the Final.

Broadcasting and media

On television, home and away games are broadcast on Rogers Sportsnet within the Ottawa River valley and Eastern Ontario. Rogers Sportsnet also broadcasts Senators games in Quebec, the Maritime provinces and Newfoundland and Labrador as part of its 'Sportsnet East' network. CBC's ''Hockey Night in Canada'' and TSN broadcast the Senators nationally in Canada. Dean Brown is widely regarded as "the voice of the Ottawa Senators", and he provides play-by-play for most Senators' games broadcast on Rogers Sportsnet and ''Hockey Night in Canada''. He is joined on the Sportsnet broadcasts by Ottawa native and former NHL player Denis Potvin.

On radio, all home and away games are broadcast on a network of local stations in eastern Ontario. The 'flagship' radio station is the Ottawa station Team 1200, which produces the broadcasts and provides the play-by-play announcers. Radio broadcasts on Team 1200 began in 1997–98 and the contract extends through the 2013–14 season. The Team 1200 audio is available over the Internet, and games are simulcast from the NHL main web site.

During the 2006–07 and 2007–08 seasons, several games were only available in video on pay-per-view or at local movie theatres in the Ottawa area. The "Sens TV" service was suspended indefinitely as of September 24, 2008.

The Senators' organization operates predominantly in English, but provides French services. The Senators' web site is in both languages. Arena announcements and press releases are in both languages. The Senators' ticket agency ''CapitalTickets.ca'' operates in English and French. The French-language cable television network RDS broadcasts a selection of Senators games. On the RDS network, former Senators goaltender Patrick Lalime is the colour analyst, starting in the 2011–12 season. The Senators are broadcast on radio in French through CKOI 104.7 in Gatineau, Quebec.

Players and personnel

Current roster

Team captains

{|- class="wikitable" ! !Nat !From !To |- |Laurie Boschman || || 1992 || 1993 |- |Mark Lamb | |rowspan="3" |1993 |rowspan="3" |1994 |- | Brad Shaw || |- | Gord Dineen || |- |No captain || ||1994 || 1995 (lockout) |- |Randy Cunneyworth || || 1995 || 1998 |- |Alexei Yashin || ||1998 ||1999 |- |Daniel Alfredsson || ||1999 ||''present'' |} Source: ''Ottawa Senators 2009–10 Media Guide'', p. 206.

Lamb, Shaw and Dineen were co-captains for the 1993–94 season.

Head coaches

{|- class="wikitable" |- !rowspan="2"| !rowspan="2"|Nat !rowspan="2"|From !rowspan="2"|To !colspan="6"|Regular Season !colspan="4"|Playoffs |- !G!!W!!L!!T!!OTL!!Pct!!G!!W!!L!!Pct |- |align=left|Rick Bowness | |align=left|1993 |align=left|1996 ||235||39||178||18||—||.204||—||—||—||— |- |align=left|Dave Allison | |align=left|1996 |align=left|1996 ||25||2||22||1||—||.100||—||—||—||— |- |align=left|Jacques Martin | |align=left|1996 |align=left|2004 ||692||341||234||82||20||.592||66||31||35||470 |- |align=left|Roger Neilson | |align=left|2002 |align=left|2002 ||2||1||1||0||0||.500||—||—||—||— |- |align=left|Bryan Murray | |align=left|2005 |align=left|2008 ||182||107||55||—||20||.643||34||18||16||.529 |- |align=left|John Paddock | |align=centre|2007 |align=centre|2008 ||64||36||22||—||6||.609||—||—||—||— |- |align=left|Craig Hartsburg | |align=left|2008 |align-left|2009 ||48||17||24||—||7||.427||—||—||—||— |- |align=left|Cory Clouston | |align=left|2009 |align-left|2011 ||198||95||83||—||20||.530||6||2||4||.333 |- |align=left|Paul MacLean | |align=left|2011 |align-left|''present'' ||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||—||— |}

General managers

{|class="wikitable" |- ! ! Nat ! From ! To |- | Mel Bridgman || || 1991 || 1993 |- | Randy Sexton || || 1993 || 1995 |- | Pierre Gauthier || || 1995 || 1998 |- | Rick Dudley || || 1998 || 1999 |- | Marshall Johnston || || 1999 || 2002 |- | John Muckler || || 2002 || 2007 |- | Bryan Murray || || 2007 || ''present'' |} Source: ''Ottawa Senators 2009–10 Media Guide'', p. 206.

Honoured members

Hall of Famers

Roger Neilson - Senators assistant coach & head coach (2001–03), was inducted (as a Builder) on November 4, 2002, for his career in coaching.

Retired numbers

8 - Frank Finnigan, on opening night, October 8, 1992. Finnigan was honoured for his play from 1923 through 1934 for the original Ottawa Senators (as a right wing, 1923-31 & 1932-34). He was the last surviving Senator from the Stanley Cup winners of 1927 and participated in the 'Bring Back The Senators' campaign.

99 - Wayne Gretzky, on February 6, 2000. Gretzky's sweater number was retired league-wide by the NHL.(Source:

All-time players

Team record

Season-by-season record

''For the full season-by-season history, see List of Ottawa Senators seasons''

''Note: GP = Games Played, W = Wins, L = Losses, T = Ties, OTL = Overtime Losses, Pts = Points, GF = Goals for, GA = Goals against, PIM = Penalties in minutes''

;Last five seasons

GP 82 82 82 82 82

Season	|	W	L	OTL	Pts	GF	GA	Finish	Playoffs
2006–07 NHL season	2006–07	|	48	25	9	105	288	222	2nd, Northeast	Finals, 1–4 (Anaheim Ducks>Ducks)''
2007–08 NHL season	2007–08	|	43	31	8	94	261	247	2nd, Northeast	Pittsburgh Penguins>Penguins)
2008–09 NHL season	2008–09	|	36	35	11	83	213	231	4th, Northeast	Did not qualify
2009–10 NHL season	2009–10	|	44	32	6	94	225	238	2nd, Northeast	Pittsburgh Penguins>Penguins)
2010-11 NHL season	2010-11	|	32	40	10	74	192	250	5th, Northeast	Did not qualify

Records as of end of the 2010–11 NHL season. ;All-time

GP 1282 641 641

	|	W	L	T	OTL
All-Time	|	562	530	115	75
Home	|	306	232	60	43
Away	|	256	298	55	32

As of the end of the 2008–09 season.

Team scoring leaders

These are the top-ten point-scorers in franchise history, post-1992, after the 2010–11 season:

''Note: Pos = Position; GP = Games Played; G = Goals; A = Assists; Pts = Points; P/G = Points per game average;

style="width:40px;" class="unsortable" RW C C D C RW LW C LW D

style="text-align:left; width:150px;" class="unsortable"	Player	Pos ||	GP	G	A	Pts	P/G
style="text-align:left;"	Daniel Alfredsson*	|	1,056	389	634	1023	.97
style="text-align:left;"	Jason Spezza*	|	526	192	340	532	1.01
style="text-align:left;"	Alexei Yashin†	|	504	218	273	491	.98
style="text-align:left;"	Wade Redden†	|	838	101	309	410	.49
style="text-align:left;"	Radek Bonk†	|	689	152	247	399	.58
style="text-align:left;"	Marian Hossa†	|	467	188	202	390	.84
style="text-align:left;"	Dany Heatley†	|	317	180	182	362	1.14
style="text-align:left;"	Mike Fisher†	|	675	167	181	348	.51
style="text-align:left;"	Shawn McEachern†	|	454	142	162	304	.67
style="text-align:left;"	Chris Phillips*	|	945	60	177	237	.25

* ''current Senators player''

Figures are updated after each completed NHL regular season. Totals contain only games played for Ottawa.

Sources: † Ottawa Senators. A. NHL. B. NHL. C. NHL.

NHL awards and trophies

2002–03

Prince of Wales Trophy

2006–07

Calder Memorial Trophy

Daniel Alfredsson: 1995–96

NHL Plus/Minus Award

Wade Redden: 2005–06 (shared with Michal Rozsival of the New York Rangers)

Jack Adams Award

Jacques Martin: 1998–99

Sami Salo: 1998–99 Marian Hossa: 1998–99 Martin Havlat: 2000–01 Andrej Meszaros: 2005–06

NHL First All-Star Team Dany Heatley: 2006–07

NHL Second All-Star Team Alexei Yashin: 1998–99 Dany Heatley: 2005–06

Daniel Alfredsson: 2005-2006

Team records

Jason SpezzaDany HeatleyNorm MacIverAlexei YashinMike David PelusoDaniel AlfredssonDaniel AlfredssonPatrick LalimePatrick LalimeRon TugnuttRon Tugnutt

Franchise record	! Name of player	! Statistic	! Year(s)
Most goals in a season	Dany Heatley	50
Most assists in a season	|	71	2005–06
Most points in a season	|	105	2006–07
Most points in a season, defenceman	|	63	1992–93
Most points in a season, rookie	|	79	1993–94
Most penalty minutes in a season	Mike Peluso||	318	1992–93
Highest +/- rating in a season	|	+42	2006–07
Most playoff games played	|	101	(milestone)
Most goaltender wins in a season	|	39	2002–03
Most shutouts in a season	|	8	2002–03
Lowest Goals against average	G.A.A. in a season	|	1.79	1998–99
Best save percentage in a season	|	.925	1998–99

Source: Ottawa Senators.

See also

Battle of Ontario

Bell Sensplex

List of NHL players

List of NHL seasons

List of ice hockey teams in Ontario

Lyndon Slewidge

Notes

Footnotes

Citations

References

External links

The Official website of the Ottawa Senators

Ottawa Senators Foundation

Category:Sports clubs established in 1992 Sen Category:Northeast Division (NHL) Category:National Hockey League teams based in Canada

be:Атава Сенатарз be-x-old:Атава Сэнатарз bg:Отава Сенатърс ca:Ottawa Senators cs:Ottawa Senators da:Ottawa Senators de:Ottawa Senators es:Ottawa Senators fr:Sénateurs d'Ottawa gl:Ottawa Senators ko:오타와 세너터스 hr:Ottawa Senators id:Ottawa Senators it:Ottawa Senators he:אוטווה סנטורס lv:Otavas "Senators" lt:Ottawa Senators hu:Ottawa Senators nl:Ottawa Senators ja:オタワ・セネターズ no:Ottawa Senators pl:Ottawa Senators pt:Ottawa Senators ru:Оттава Сенаторз simple:Ottawa Senators sk:Ottawa Senators sr:Отава сенаторси sh:Ottawa Senators fi:Ottawa Senators sv:Ottawa Senators tr:Ottawa Senators uk:Оттава Сенаторс zh:渥太華參議員

Coordinates	12°58′0″N77°34′0″N
team	Ottawa Senators
former teams	New York Islanders Tampa Bay Lightning Mighty Ducks of AnaheimColumbus Blue Jackets
league	NHL
position	Centre
shoots	Left
height ft	6
height in	0
weight lb	209
nationality	CAN
birth date	January 02, 1981
birth place	Niagara-On-The-Lake, ON, CAN
draft	undrafted
career start	2002 }}

Zenon Konopka (born January 2, 1981) is a Canadian professional ice hockey player. Konopka is currently a member of the Ottawa Senators of the National Hockey League. Konopka has also played for the Anaheim Ducks, Columbus Blue Jackets, Tampa Bay Lightning and New York Islanders during his career.

Playing career

Konopka played junior hockey with the Ottawa 67's of the OHL from 1998 to 2002, and was a member of the 1999 Memorial Cup champions. He was not drafted by a NHL team and caught on with the Wheeling Nailers of the ECHL. After three minor league seasons with various teams in the ECHL and AHL, he made his NHL debut in 2005–2006, playing 23 games for the Mighty Ducks of Anaheim. After the Ducks were eliminated, he returned to Portland in the AHL, where he led all playoff scorers in power play goals and assists. In 2006–07, he returned to the minors, playing for Portland in the AHL. On January 26, 2007, he was traded by the Anaheim Ducks along with Curtis Glencross and a draft pick to the Blue Jackets in exchange for forwards Mark Hartigan, Joe Motzko and a draft pick. He played for Columbus's farm team in the AHL, the Syracuse Crunch, with occasional call-ups to the Blue Jackets. On July 10, 2008, Konopka signed a two year-contract with the Tampa Bay Lightning as a free agent. In 2009, after a strong training camp, Konopka made the Lightning's roster out of training camp. On July 2, 2010, he signed with the New York Islanders as an unrestricted free agent. On July 5, 2011, Konopka signed a one-year contract with the Ottawa Senators.

Personal

Zenon Konopka is also an entrepreneur and owner of a company Prime Wine Products and partners with local charities to help children's programs. He was once part-owner in an Ottawa bar-restaurant called "Stout Bros." and has run the "Zenon Konopka Hockey Academy" in Ottawa since 2007.

Career statistics

OHL Ottawa 67's Ottawa 67's Ottawa 67'sWheeling NailersWilkes-Barre/Scranton PenguinsIdaho SteelheadsUtah Grizzlies (1995–2005)Cincinnati Mighty DucksPortland PiratesMighty Ducks of AnaheimHC Lada Togliatti Portland PiratesSyracuse CrunchColumbus Blue Jackets Syracuse Crunch Columbus Blue JacketsNorfolk AdmiralsTampa Bay Lightning Tampa Bay LightningNew York Islanders

colspan="3" bgcolor="#ffffff"			! colspan="5"		Playoffs
Season (sports)>Season	! Team		! League		! GP	Goal (ice hockey)>G	Assist (ice hockey)>A	Point (ice hockey)>Pts	Penalty (ice hockey)>PIM	! GP	! G	! A	! Pts	! PIM
1998–99 OHL season	1998–99		Ottawa 67's		|	56	7	8	15	62	7	0	0	0	2
1999–2000 OHL season	1999–00		|		OHL	59	8	11	19	107	11	1	2	3	8
2000–01 OHL season	2000–01		|		OHL	66	20	45	65	120	20	7	13	20	47
2001–02 OHL season	2001–02		|		OHL	61	18	68	86	100	13	8	6	14	49
2002–03 ECHL season	2002–03		|		ECHL	68	22	48	70	231	—	—	—	—	—
2002–03 AHL season	2002–03		|		American Hockey League>AHL	4	0	1	1	9	—	—	—	—	—
2003–04 ECHL season	2003–04		|		ECHL	23	6	22	28	82	17	9	8	17	30
2003–04 AHL season	2003–04		Utah Grizzlies||		AHL	43	7	4	11	198	—	—	—	—	—
2004–05 AHL season	2004–05		|		AHL	75	17	29	46	212	12	3	3	6	26
2005–06 AHL season	2005–06		|		AHL	34	18	26	44	57	19	11	18	29	46
2005–06 NHL season	2005–06		|		NHL	23	4	3	7	48	—	—	—	—	—
2006–07	Lada Tolyatti||		Russian Superleague>RSL		4	0	0	0	8	—	—	—	—	—
2006–07 AHL season	2006–07		|		AHL	42	11	24	35	97	—	—	—	—	—
2006–07	|		AHL		20	9	11	20	70	—	—	—	—	—
2006–07 NHL season	2006–07		|		NHL	6	0	0	0	20	—	—	—	—	—
2007–08 AHL season	2007–08		|		AHL	62	24	31	55	194	13	3	7	10	42
2007–08 NHL season	2007–08		|		NHL	3	0	0	0	15	—	—	—	—	—
2008–09 AHL season	2008–09		|		AHL	70	17	40	57	186	—	—	—	—	—
2008–09 NHL season	2008–09		|		NHL	7	0	1	1	29	—	—	—	—	—
2009–10 NHL season	2009–10		|		NHL	74	2	3	5	265	—	—	—	—	—
2010–11 NHL season	2010–11		|		NHL	82	2	7	9	307	—	—	—	—	—
NHL totals			! 195		! 8	! 14	! 22	! 684	! —	! —	! —	! —	! —

References

External links

Category:1981 births Category:Canadian ice hockey centres Category:Cincinnati Mighty Ducks players Category:Columbus Blue Jackets players Category:ECHL All-Star Team Category:Expatriate ice hockey players in Russia Category:HC Lada Togliatti players Category:Ice hockey people from Ontario Category:Idaho Steelheads players Category:Living people Category:Memorial Cup winners Category:Mighty Ducks of Anaheim players Category:New York Islanders players Category:Ottawa 67's alumni Category:People from Niagara Falls, Ontario Category:Portland Pirates players Category:Syracuse Crunch players Category:Tampa Bay Lightning players Category:Canadian expatriate sportspeople in the United States Category:Undrafted National Hockey League players Category:Utah Grizzlies players Category:Wheeling Nailers players Category:Wilkes-Barre/Scranton Penguins players

cs:Zenon Konopka de:Zenon Konopka fr:Zenon Konopka pl:Zenon Konopka fi:Zenon Konopka

Coordinates	12°58′0″N77°34′0″N
team	Toronto Maple Leafs
former teams	Edmonton OilersPhiladelphia FlyersAnaheim Ducks
league	NHL
position	Right wing
shoots	Right
height ft	6
height in	1
weight lb	206
birth date	September 23, 1983
birth place	Fort Saskatchewan, AB, CAN
draft	7th overall
draft year	2002
draft team	Mighty Ducks of Anaheim
career start	2003 }}

Joffrey Douglas Sheldon Lupul (born September 23, 1983) is a Canadian professional ice hockey player currently playing for the Toronto Maple Leafs of the National Hockey League (NHL).

Playing career

Lupul was drafted by the Mighty Ducks of Anaheim as their first choice, seventh overall, during the 2002 NHL Entry Draft.

In the 2006 Stanley Cup Playoffs, Lupul became the first player in NHL playoff history to cap a three-goal game with an overtime score, as he tallied all the Ducks goals in a 4–3 win over the Colorado Avalanche in Game 3 of the Western Conference semi-finals. After the 2005–06 season, Lupul was traded to the Edmonton Oilers along with Ladislav Šmíd and draft picks for Chris Pronger on July 4, 2006.

On July 1, 2007, Lupul was traded along with Jason Smith to the Philadelphia Flyers for Joni Pitkänen, Geoff Sanderson, and a third round draft pick in 2009.

During the 2007–08 season, his first with the Flyers, Lupul was diagnosed with a spinal cord contusion after a collision with teammate Derian Hatcher in a game against the Toronto Maple Leafs on January 6, 2008. Lupul made his return playing for the team on February 9, 2008 against the New York Rangers. On April 22, 2008, Lupul scored the series-winning goal in the first overtime of Game 7 in the first-round playoff series between the Flyers and the Washington Capitals. After helping the Flyers to the Eastern Conference finals, Lupul agreed to a four-year contract extension with Philadelphia on July 21, 2008.

On June 26, 2009, Lupul was traded by the Flyers to the Anaheim Ducks at the 2009 NHL Entry Draft along with Luca Sbisa and two first round picks for Chris Pronger, the second time in his short career he has been part of a trade involving the Ducks with Pronger going the other way. Injuries limited him to just 23 games during the season, and Lupul missed the final 59 games of that season and the first 28 games of the next season as the result of a blood infection after the back surgery.

On February 9, 2011, Lupul was traded by the Anaheim Ducks along with Jake Gardiner and a conditional 2013 draft pick to the Toronto Maple Leafs for François Beauchemin, marking the third time Lupul has been involved in a trade with the Ducks organization.

Awards

2001–02: CHL First All-Star Team

2001–02: WHL East First All-Star Team

2003–04: NHL YoungStars Game participant

Records

First player to score a playoff hat-trick in Anaheim franchise history

First player to score four playoff goals in one game, including an overtime winner

First player to score all four of his team's goals in a playoff game.

Personal

As featured during an NHL Network Online video, Lupul enjoys playing guitar. Lupul is the third NHL player of Romanian descent. His name means wolf in Romanian.

Career statistics

Regular season and playoffs

				Regular season						Playoffs
Season (sports)>Season	! Team	! League		! GP	Goal (ice hockey)>G	Assist (ice hockey)>A	Point (ice hockey)>Pts	Penalty (ice hockey)>PIM		! GP	! G	! A	! Pts	! PIM
1998–99	Fort Saskatchewan			36	40	50	90	40		—	—	—	—	—
1999–00	Fort Saskatchewan			34	43	30	73	47		16	17	19	36	26
	Medicine Hat Tigers			69	30	26	56	39		—	—	—	—	—
	Medicine Hat Tigers	WHL		72	56	50	106	95		—	—	—	—	—
	Medicine Hat Tigers	WHL		50	41	37	78	82		11	4	11	15	20
	Mighty Ducks of Anaheim			75	13	21	34	28		—	—	—	—	—
	Cincinnati Mighty Ducks			3	3	2	5	2		—	—	—	—	—
	Cincinnati Mighty Ducks	AHL		65	30	26	56	58		12	3	9	12	27
	Mighty Ducks of Anaheim	NHL		81	28	25	53	48		16	9	2	11	31
	Edmonton Oilers	NHL		81	16	12	28	45		—	—	—	—	—
	Philadelphia Flyers	NHL		56	20	26	46	35		17	4	6	10	2
	Philadelphia Flyers	NHL		79	25	25	50	58		6	1	1	2	2
	Anaheim Ducks	NHL		23	10	4	14	18		—	—	—	—	—
	Anaheim Ducks	NHL		26	5	8	13	14		—	—	—	—	—
2010–11	Toronto Maple Leafs	NHL		28	9	9	18	19		—	—	—	—	—
NHL totals				! 449	! 126	! 130	! 256	! 265		! 39	! 14	! 9	! 23	! 35

International

{| BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" width="45%" |- ALIGN="center" bgcolor="#e0e0e0" ! Year ! Team ! Event ! ALIGN="center" rowspan="99" bgcolor="#ffffff" |   ! GP ! G ! A ! Pts ! PIM |- ALIGN="center" | 2003 | Canada | WJC | 6 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 27 |- ALIGN="center" bgcolor="#e0e0e0" ! colspan=3 | Junior int'l totals ! 6 ! 2 ! 1 ! 3 ! 27 |}

References

External links

Category:1983 births Category:Anaheim Ducks players Category:Canadian ice hockey right wingers Category:Cincinnati Mighty Ducks players Category:Edmonton Oilers players Category:Ice hockey people from Alberta Category:Living people Category:Medicine Hat Tigers alumni Category:Mighty Ducks of Anaheim draft picks Category:Mighty Ducks of Anaheim players Category:National Hockey League first round draft picks Category:People from Fort Saskatchewan Category:Philadelphia Flyers players Category:Syracuse Crunch players Category:Toronto Maple Leafs players

de:Joffrey Lupul fr:Joffrey Lupul ru:Лупул, Джеффри fi:Joffrey Lupul sv:Joffrey Lupul

Coordinates	12°58′0″N77°34′0″N
position	Defence
shoots	Left
height ft	6
height in	5
weight lb	235
birth date	January 25, 1991
birth place	Saskatoon, SK, CAN
draft	9th overall
draft year	2009
draft team	Ottawa Senators
career start	2010
team	Ottawa Senators
league	NHL
prospect league	AHL
prospect team	Binghamton Senators

Jared Cowen (born January 25, 1991) is a Canadian professional ice hockey defenceman. He was drafted in the first round, ninth overall, by the Ottawa Senators in the 2009 NHL Entry Draft. He is currently a member of the Binghamton Senators of the American Hockey League (AHL), and was a member of Binghamton's 2011 Calder Cup winning team.

Playing career

Junior

Spokane Chiefs

Cowen was selected by the Chiefs with the first-overall pick in the 2006 WHL Bantam Draft. He appeared in six regular season games in the 2006–07 season and also six playoff games. In his first full season with the team, he played in 68 games, and had four goals, 14 assists and 18 points, to go along with 62 penalty minutes. The Chiefs won the Ed Chynoweth Cup that season as the league's champions. Cowen played in all 21 playoff games, scoring one goal and adding three assists. As the league's champions, the Chiefs subsequently earned a berth in the 2008 Memorial Cup, where they defeated the Kitchener Rangers by a score of 4-1. Cowen effectively clinched the Chiefs' championship by scoring into an empty net with 56 seconds to play. He was named the Chiefs rookie of the year, and the WHL Western Conference scholastic player of the year. The 2008–09 season saw Cowen's numbers improve, as he registered seven goals and 14 assists. However, his season was cut short due to a knee injury suffered in a game against the Chilliwack Bruins. He still managed to be ranked as the seventh best skater in the final rankings for the 2009 NHL Draft by the International Scouting Service.

Professional

Ottawa Senators

Cowen signed a professional contract with the Senators in March 2010. After Spokane was eliminated from the playoffs, Cowen received a call-up to the Senators. He made his NHL debut with the Senators on April 8, 2010 in Tampa against the Tampa Bay Lightning.

Compared by some scouts to Zdeno Chara and Derian Hatcher, Cowen was expected to challenge for a roster spot in Ottawa for the 2010-11 season. Cowen made it to the final cuts at the 2010 training camp, before being returned to junior.

Cowen was a member of the Binghamton Senators' 2011 Calder Cup championship team in his first season of professional hockey.

International play

}}

Cowen helped Canada West win the bronze medal at the 2008 World U-17 Hockey Challenge. In the tournament, he had 7 assists in 6 games, en route to being named player of the game for Team West three times. Cowen was also an assistant captain on Canada's gold medal winning team in the 2008 Ivan Hlinka Memorial Tournament as well as having been one of five underage players on Canada's gold medal winning team in the 2008 IIHF World U18 Championships.

Cowen was invited to Team Canada's selection camp for the 2010 World Junior Championships held in Regina during December, 2009. Cowen was selected to Team Canada for the event. On December 19, 2010 Cowen was named alternate captain for the 2011 Canadian Junior National Team to Ryan Ellis of the Windsor Spitfires, along with his fellow returnees, Brayden Schenn of the Brandon Wheat Kings and Calvin de Haan of the Oshawa Generals.

Awards and honours

Won a silver medal for Canada at the 2010 IIHF World Junior Championship

2011 AHL Calder Cup.

Career statistics

				Regular season						Playoffs
Season (sports)>Season	! Team	! League		! GP	Goal (ice hockey)>G	Assist (ice hockey)>A	Point (ice hockey)>Pts	Penalty (ice hockey)>PIM		! GP	! G	! A	! Pts	! PIM
2006–07	Saskatoon Contacts			41	6	22	28	103		—	—	—	—	—
	Spokane Chiefs			6	0	2	2	2		6	0	1	1	6
	Spokane Chiefs	WHL		68	4	14	18	62		21	1	3	4	17
	Spokane Chiefs	WHL		48	7	14	21	45		—	—	—	—	—
	Spokane Chiefs	WHL		59	8	22	30	74		7	1	1	2	8
	Ottawa Senators			1	0	0	0	2		—	—	—	—	—
	Spokane Chiefs	WHL		58	18	30	48	91		9	0	9	9	4
	Binghamton Senators			—	—	—	—	—		10	0	4	4	0
WHL totals				! 239	! 37	! 82	! 119	! 272		! 43	! 2	! 14	! 16	! 35
NHL totals				! 1	! 0	! 0	! 0	! 2		! —	! —	! —	! —	! —

References

External links

WHL Player Profile

Category:1991 births Category:Binghamton Senators players Category:Calder Cup champions Category:Canadian ice hockey defencemen Category:Ice hockey people from Saskatchewan Category:Living people Category:Memorial Cup winners Category:National Hockey League first round draft picks Category:Ottawa Senators draft picks Category:Ottawa Senators players Category:People from Saskatoon Category:Spokane Chiefs alumni

cs:Jared Cowen de:Jared Cowen fr:Jared Cowen fi:Jared Cowen sv:Jared Cowen