Name | Dortmund |
---|---|
Art | City |
Image photo | Dortmund stadt u landesbibliothek.jpg |
Wappen | Coat of arms of Dortmund.svg |
Lat deg | 51 | lat_min 31 | lat_sec 0 |
Lon deg | 7 | lon_min 28 | lon_sec 0 |
Lageplan | North rhine w DO.svg |
Bundesland | North Rhine-Westphalia |
Regierungsbezirk | Arnsberg |
Kreis | urban district |
Höhe | 152 |
Fläche | 280.4 |
Einwohner | 582184 |
Stand | 2009-06-30 |
Plz | 44001-44388 |
Vorwahl | 0231, 02304 |
Kfz | DO |
Gemeindeschlüssel | 05913000 |
Website | www.dortmund.de |
Bürgermeister | Ullrich Sierau |
Bürgermeistertitel | Oberbürgermeister |
Partei | SPD |
Ruling party1 | |ruling_party2 |ruling_party3 |
Year | }} |
The Ruhr river flows south of the city, and the small river Emscher flows through the municipal area. The Dortmund-Ems Canal also terminates in the Dortmund Port, which is the largest European canal port, and links Dortmund to the North Sea.
Dortmund is known as Westphalia's "green metropolis." Nearly half the municipal territory consists of waterways, woodland, agriculture and green spaces with spacious parks such as Westfalenpark and the Rombergpark. This contrasts with nearly a hundred years of extensive coal mining and steel milling within the city limits.
After 1320, the city appeared in writing as "Dorpmunde", and the 1661 earthquake collapsed the Reinoldikirche. Within the Prussian Province of Westphalia, Dortmund was a district seat within Regierungsbezirk Arnsberg until 1875, after which it was an urban district within the region. During the industrialization of Prussia, Dortmund became a major centre for coal and steel.
Under Nazi Germany, the synagogue was destroyed in 1938. Also, the Aplerbeck Hospital in Dortmund transferred mentally and/or physically disabled patients for euthanasia at the Hadamar mental hospital as part of the Action T4 (an additional 229 children were killed in the "Children's Specialist Department", which was transferred from Marburg in 1941). Dortmund bombing targets of the Oil Campaign of World War II included Hoesch-Westfalenhütte AG, the "Hoesch-Benzin GmBH" synthetic oil plant, and the Zeche Hansa coking plant; and bombing destroyed about 80% of the Dortmund homes. The code word Dortmund was radioed to initiate the 1941 Operation Barbarossa campaign against the Soviet Union.
The Allied ground advance into Germany reached Dortmund in April 1945. The US 95th Infantry Division, attacked the city on 12 April 1945 against a spirited German defense. The division, assisted by close air support, advanced through the ruins in urban combat and completed its capture on 13 April 1945.
Post-war, buildings such as the Reinoldikirche and Marienkirche (churches) were restored/rebuilt, and extensive parks and gardens were laid out. The LWL-Industriemuseum began in 1969, and the city subsequently became a centre for hi-tech industry.
The city centre of Dortmund still retains the outline of the medieval city. A ring road marks the former city wall, and the Westen-/Ostenhellweg, part of a medieval salt trading route, is still the major (pedestrian) street bisecting the city centre.
Reinoldikirche, a Protestant church ()
Dortmund is the Olympiastützpunkt for Westphalia.
The Sparkassen Chess-Meeting has been hosted in Dortmund since 1982.
The central train station (Dortmund Hauptbahnhof) is the third largest long distance traffic junction in Germany.
Dortmund Harbour (Hafen) is the largest canal harbour in Europe and the 11th fluvial harbour in Germany.
Dortmund also serves as a major European and German crossroads for the Autobahnsystem. The Ruhrschnellweg follows old Hanseatic trade routes to connect the city with the other metropolises of the Ruhr Area. Connections to the more distant parts of Germany are maintained by the A1 and the A2 which pass closely to the north and east of the city and cross each other at the Kamener Kreuz interchange northeast of Dortmund. Together with the A45 in the west they built the Dortmund Beltway (Dortmunder Autobahnring).
For public transportation, the city has an extensive Stadtbahn and bus system. In April 2008, the newly constructed east-west underground light rail line was opened, completing the underground service in the city centre and replacing the last trams on the surface.
The H-Bahn at Dortmund University of Technology is a hanging monorail built specifically to shuttle passengers between the university's two campuses, which are now also flanked by research laboratories and other high-tech corporations and startups. A nearly identical monorail system transfers passengers at Düsseldorf Airport.
In 2009, Dortmund was classified as a Node city in the Innovation Cities Index published by 2thinknow.
{| class="wikitable" |- style="background:lightgrey;" ! | Party ! | Party List votes ! | Vote percentage ! | Total Seats ! | Seat percentage |- | Social Democratic Party (SPD) | style="text-align:right;"| 92,509 | style="text-align:right;"| 41.3% (-0.3) | style="text-align:right;"| 36 (+2) | style="text-align:right;"| 40.9% |- | Christian Democratic Union (CDU) | style="text-align:right;"| 73,282 | style="text-align:right;"| 32.7% (-9.0) | style="text-align:right;"| 29 (-5) | style="text-align:right;"| 33.0% |- | Alliance '90/The Greens (Grüne) | style="text-align:right;"| 25,635 | style="text-align:right;"| 11.5% (+2.6) | style="text-align:right;"| 10 (+2) | style="text-align:right;"| 11.4% |- | Free Democratic Party (FDP) | style="text-align:right;"| 8,591 | style="text-align:right;"| 3.8% (+2.0) | style="text-align:right;"| 3 (+2) | style="text-align:right;"| 3.4% |- | German People's Union (DVU) | style="text-align:right;"| 6,880 | style="text-align:right;"| 3.1% (+1.1) | style="text-align:right;"| 3 (+1) | style="text-align:right;"| 3.4% |- | Citizens' List (Bürgerliste) | style="text-align:right;"| 6,874 | style="text-align:right;"| 3.1% (+0.5) | style="text-align:right;"| 3 (+1) | style="text-align:right;"| 3.4% |- | Party of Democratic Socialism-Open List (PDS-OL) | style="text-align:right;"| 6,346 | style="text-align:right;"| 2.8% (+2.8) | style="text-align:right;"| 2 (+2) | style="text-align:right;"| 2.3% |- | Left Alliance Dortmund (Linkes Bündnis Dortmund) | style="text-align:right;"| 1,751 | style="text-align:right;"| 0.8% (-0.2) | style="text-align:right;"| 1 (=) | style="text-align:right;"| 1.1% |- | Law and Order Offensive Party (Offensive D) | style="text-align:right;"| 1,669 | style="text-align:right;"| 0.7% (+0.7) | style="text-align:right;"| 1 (+1) | style="text-align:right;"| 1.1% |- | Town-Greens (Stadtgrüne) | style="text-align:right;"| 265 | style="text-align:right;"| 0.1% (+0.1) | style="text-align:right;"| 0 (=) | style="text-align:right;"| 0.0% |- style="background:lightgrey;" ! | Totals ! style="text-align:right;"| 223,802 ! style="text-align:right;"| 100.0% ! style="text-align:right;"| 88 (+6) ! style="text-align:right;"| 100.0% |}
Since May 2010, the lord mayor of Dortmund is Ullrich Sierau (SPD). He leads a coalition made up of SPD and Grüne.
Dortmund is twinned with: Rostov-on-Don, Russia Amiens, France, since 1960 Leeds, United Kingdom, since 1969 Buffalo, United States, since 1977 Netanya, Israel, since 1981 Novi Sad, Serbia, since 1982 Xi'an, People's Republic of China, since 1992 Kathmandu, Nepal
Category:Imperial free cities Category:Oil Campaign of World War II
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