Background | #FFD068 | color black |
---|---|
Name | Venerable Ananda |
Occupation | bhikkhu, attendant of Gautama Buddha |
Teacher | Gautama Buddha }} |
According to the Buddha every Buddha in the past and to come will have two chief disciples and one attendant during his ministry. In the case of Gautama Buddha the pair of disciples were Sariputta and Mahamoggallana and the attendant Ānanda.
The word 'Ānanda' means 'bliss' in Pali, Sanskrit as well as other Indian languages. It is a popular Buddhist and Hindu name, but popular also among Muslims in Indonesia.
In the Kannakatthala Sutta (MN 90), Ananda is identified with the meaning of his name:
:Then King Pasenadi Kosala said to the Blessed One, "Lord, what is the name of this monk?"
:"His name is Ananda, great king."
:"What a joy he is! What a true joy!..."
Ānanda was the first cousin of the Buddha by their fathers, and was devoted to him. In the twentieth year of the Buddha's ministry, he became the Buddha's personal attendant, accompanying him on most of his wanderings and taking the part of interlocutor in many of the recorded dialogues. He is the subject of a special panegyric delivered by the Buddha just before the Buddha's Parinibbana (the Mahaparinibbana Sutta (DN 16)); it is a panegyric for a man who is kindly, unselfish, popular, and thoughtful toward others.
In the long list of the disciples given in the Anguttara Nikaya (i. xiv.) where each of them is declared to be the chief in some quality, Ānanda is mentioned five times (more often than any other). He was named chief in conduct, in service to others, and in power of memory. The Buddha sometimes asked him to substitute for him as teacher and then later stated that he himself would not have presented the teachings in any other way.
Despite his long association with and close proximity to the Buddha, Ananda was only a stream-winner prior to the Buddha’s death. However, Buddha said that the purity of his heart was so great that, "Should Ananda die without being fully liberated; he would be king of the gods seven times because of the purity of his heart, or be king of the Indian subcontinent seven times. But ... Ananda will experience final liberation in this very life." (AN 3.80)
Prior to the First Buddhist Council, it was proposed that Ananda not be permitted to attend on the grounds that he was not yet an arahant. According to legend, this prompted Ananda to focus his efforts on the attainment of nibbana and he was able to reach the specified level of attainment before the calling of the conclave.
In contrast to most of the figures depicted in the Pāli Canon, Ananda is presented as an imperfect, if sympathetic, figure. He mourns the deaths of both Sariputta, with whom he enjoyed a close friendship, and the Buddha. A verse of the Theragatha reveals his loneliness and isolation following the parinirvana of the Buddha.
In the Zen tradition, Ananda is considered to be the second Indian patriarch. He is often depicted with the Buddha alongside Mahakashyapa, the first Indian patriarch.
Category:Disciples of Gautama Buddha Category:Family of Gautama Buddha Category:Arahants Category:Zen Patriarchs Category:Sanskrit words and phrases Category:Pāli words and phrases Category:5th-century BC people
bg:Ананда cs:Ánanda de:Ananda es:Ananda fa:آننده fr:Ananda ko:아난다 hi:आनंद (स्थविर) id:Ananda it:Ananda (Custode del Dharma) lt:Anandas hu:Ánanda nl:Ananda ja:阿難 pl:Ananda (hinduizm) pt:Ananda (discípulo de Buda) ru:Ананда si:ආනන්ද රහතන් වහන්සේ sk:Ánanda (učeník) sr:Ананда sv:Ananda ta:ஆனந்தர் th:พระอานนท์ tr:Ananda uk:Ананда vi:A-nan-đà war:Ananda zh:阿难This text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
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