Country	England
Latitude	51.820
Longitude	-1.052
Official name	Brill
Population	1190
Population ref	(2001 census)
Civil parish	Brill
Shire district	Aylesbury Vale
Shire county	Buckinghamshire
Region	South East England
Constituency westminster	Buckingham
Post town	Aylesbury
Postcode district	HP18
Postcode area	HP
Dial code	01844
Static image name	brill-windmill.jpg
Static image caption	Brill windmill
Os grid reference	SP658139
Website	Brill Village Website }}

Brill is a village and civil parish in Aylesbury Vale district in Buckinghamshire, England, close to the boundary with Oxfordshire. It is about north-west of Long Crendon and south-east of Bicester. It has a Royal charter to hold a weekly market, but has not done so for many years.

Toponym

Brill's name is a combination of Brythonic and Anglo Saxon words for 'hill' (Brythonic breg and Anglo Saxon hyll). In the reign of Edward the Confessor it was a town called Bruhella.

Manor

The manor of Brill was the administration centre for the royal hunting Forest of Bernwood and was for a long time a property of the Crown. King Edward the Confessor had a palace here. There is evidence that Henry II, John, Henry III and Stephen all held court at the palace. It remained in place until the time of Charles I, who turned the building into a Royalist garrison in the English Civil War. This led the Parliamentarian John Hampden to destroy it in 1643.

Church and Priory

The Church of England parish church of All Saints was built early in the 12th century, and its nave and chancel remain essentially Norman structures. The chancel's north wall has a blocked lancet window from that period. The pointed chancel arch is 13th century. The Perpendicular Gothic west tower was built early in the 15th century. The present chancel roof dates from the 17th century.

The north aisle was built in 1839 but its east window dates from about 1275. In 1888 All Saints' was largely rebuilt under the direction of John Oldrid Scott. Scott extended the chancel eastwards by about and added a new Gothic Revival east window. He added the south aisle and porch at the same time but its east and west windows are re-used Perpendicular Gothic ones, probably dating from early in the 16th century.

All Saints was a chapel of ease to the nearby parish of Oakley from the 12th until the 16th century. It belonged to the Priory of St Frideswide, Oxford until the Dissolution of the Monasteries.

Brill had a hermitage or priory dedicated to St. Werburgh that was annexed to Chetwode Priory from 1251. Chetwode Priory surrendered the advowson of the hermitage to the Bishop of Lincoln in 1460.

Brill Windmill

Brill is also known for its windmill, last owned and used by the Pointer and Nixie family who also baked bread in their house in the village. With timbers dating from 1685, Brill Windmill provides one of the earliest and best preserved examples of a post mill (the earliest type of European windmill) in the UK. Management and ownership of the Grade II* listed mill was passed to Buckinghamshire County Council in 1947 who, through a number of major interventions, have ensured that the mill still stands today. In 1967 the Council installed a structural steel framework that helps to support the mill's ancient timber frame but means that the mill is static and can no longer turn to face the wind.

Restoration Project

By the 2000s water ingress and weathering had caused timber decay to the extent that the structure's integrity was described as "At risk". The Brill Windmill Management Group was established in 2007 to help plan a restoration project and to seek the necessary funds. With funding from English Heritage and WREN, full repair and preservation work was completed by July 2009. The mill is now structurally sound and once again open to the public, once a week, between March and September.

Brill Tramway

Brill railway station was once a north-western terminus of the London Underground system.

After the completion in 1868 of the Aylesbury and Buckingham Railway, the Duke of Buckingham built the light railway to provide freight access by rail to his estates at Wotton Underwood. The extension to Brill gave access to a brickworks there. The line was opened in 1871, and following public demand passenger facilities were provided early in 1872. Originally known as the Brill Tramway, the line’s name changed to "Oxford and Aylesbury Tramroad" when a company was formed in an abortive attempt to extend the line to Oxford; the biggest hindering expense was the cost of tunnelling under Brill Hill.

The original Quainton Road station was north of the Quainton-Waddesdon road, and wagons from the Brill line reached it by means of a wagon turntable; there was no direct access. When the Metropolitan Railway took over the line in 1896, it doubled the main line from Aylesbury and re-sited the station to its present position, replacing a level crossing with the present road over bridge; a running connection between the Brill line and the main line was constructed at that time. In 1935, on the creation of the LPTB, control was transferred to it from the Metropolitan and Great Central Joint Committee which had taken it over in 1906; the whole branch was closed on 30 November 1935.

Little London

The hamlet of Little London to the south was part of Brill parish until 1934, when Buckinghamshire County Council moved the parish boundary and transferred the hamlet to Oakley. When the Metropolitan railway built Brill station, it has been said that in honour of the metropolitan ambience the planners were trying to evoke, another Little London was founded to the north of the village.

Amenities

Brill Church of England Combined School is a mixed, voluntary controlled, Church of England primary school. It takes children from the age of four through to the age of eleven. The school has about 175 pupils.

Notable people

James Govier (1910–74) the British painter, etcher and engraver produced images of Brill church and windmill, along with images of Buckinghamshire. Govier's family originated from Brill and the adjoining parish of Oakley, and he was born in Oakley. Examples of Govier's work can be seen at the County Museum in Aylesbury and at the Ashmolean Museum in Oxford.

The perpetrators of the Great Train Robbery in 1963 hid at the remote Leatherslade Farm on the boundary with the village of Oakley.

References in literature

Brill is featured in the novel The Book of Dave by Will Self. Set 2,000 years in the future, Brill (spelled 'Bril' in the novel) is the location of a manor of Plateist Queers.

It is also often said that J. R. R. Tolkien based the village of Bree in The Lord of the Rings on Brill. He used other nearby places in Oxfordshire as part of the Shire, sometimes using the same names, such as Buckland.

References

Sources

External links

Brill Village Website

Brill Church of England Combined School

Brill windmill restoration – Buckinghamshire County Council

Category:Villages in Buckinghamshire Category:Civil parishes in Buckinghamshire

nl:Brill (Buckinghamshire) pl:Brill pt:Brill

founded	1683
founder	Jordaan Luchtmans
country	Netherlands
headquarters	Leiden
publications	Books, academic journals
url	}}

Brill () (known as E. J. Brill, Koninklijke Brill, Brill Academic Publishers) is an international academic publisher founded in 1683 in Leiden, the Netherlands. With offices in Leiden and Boston, Brill today publishes more than 100 journals and around 600 new books and reference works each year. In addition, Brill is a provider of primary source materials online and on microform for researchers in the humanities and social sciences through its imprint IDC Publishers.

Areas of Publication

Brill publishes in the following subject areas:

Ancient Near East and Egypt

Middle East, Asian and Islamic Studies

Medieval and Early Modern Studies

Biblical and Religious Studies

Classical Studies

Social Sciences

Asian Studies (Hotei Publishing imprint)

Human Rights and Humanitarian Law (Martinus Nijhoff Publishers imprint)

Public International Law (Martinus Nijhoff Publishers imprint)

Biology

Science (VSP Publishers imprint)

History

Luchtmans, 1683–1848

The roots of Brill go back to May 17, 1683, when a certain Jordaan Luchtmans was registered as a bookseller by the Leiden booksellers' guild. As was customary at the time, Luchtmans combined his bookselling business with publishing activities. These were primarily in the fields of biblical studies, theology, Oriental languages, and ethnography. Luchtmans established close ties with the University of Leiden, which was then one of the major centers of study in these areas.

E. J. Brill, 1848–1896

In 1848, the business passed from the Luchtmans family to that of E. J. (Evert Jan) Brill, a former employee. In order to cover the financial obligations that he inherited, E. J. Brill decided to liquidate the entire Luchtmans book stock in a series of auctions that took place between 1848 and 1850. Brill continued to publish in the traditional core areas of the company, with occasional excursions into other fields. Thus, in 1882, the firm brought out a two-volume Leerboek der Stoomwerktuigkunde ("Handbook of Steam Engineering"). More programmatically, however, in 1855 Het Gebed des Heeren in veertien talen ("The Lord's Prayer in Fourteen Languages") was meant to publicize Brill's ability to typeset non-Latin alphabets, such as Hebrew, Aramaic, Samaritan, Sanskrit, Coptic, Syriac, Arabic, among several others.

Brill goes public, 1896–1945; World War II

In 1896, Brill became a public limited company, when E. J. Brill's successors, A. P. M. van Oordt and Frans de Stoppelaar, both businessmen with some academic background and interest, died. A series of directors followed, until in 1934, Theunis Folkers took over the reins. His directorship marked a period of unprecedented growth in the history of the company, due to a large extent to Folkers' cooperation with the German occupying forces during World War II. For the Germans, Brill printed foreign-language textbooks so that they could manage the territories they occupied, but also military manuals, such as "a manual which trained German officers to distinguish the insignias of the Russian army." In 1934, the company had a turnover of 132,000 guilders; by 1943, this had increased to 579,000 guilders.

Brill's Recent History, 1945–Present

After the war, the Dutch denazification committee determined the presence of "enemy money" in Brill's accounts. Folkerts was arrested in September, 1946, and deprived of the right to hold a managerial post. The company itself, however, escaped the aftermath of the war relatively unscathed; after some negotiation its fines were fixed at 57,000 guilders.

Brill's path in the post-war years was again marked by ups and downs, though the company remained faithful in its commitment to scholarly publishing. The late 1980s brought an acute crisis due to over-expansion as well as general changes in the publishing industry. Thus, in 1987–88 the company underwent a major restructuring, in the course of which it closed all its foreign offices, including the oldest ones in London and Cologne. Brill, moreover, sold its printing business, which amounted "to amputat[ing] its own limb." However, the reorganization managed to save the company, which has since then undergone an expansion that as recently as 1990 had been inconceivable. Brill now publishes around 600 books and 100 journals each year, with a turnover of 26 million Euro.

Journals

List of Brill academic journals

Notes

See also

List of academic journals

List of law journals

List of publishers

List of scientific journals

References

The most up-to-date history of the company is Sytze van der Veen, Brill: 325 Years of Scholarly Publishing (Leiden: Brill, 2008), ISBN 978-90-04-17032-2

External links

Brill Academic Publishers official website

A list of books published by E. J. Brill Leiden

Brill Category:Book publishing companies of the Netherlands Category:Companies listed on the Euronext exchanges Category:1683 establishments

de:Brill (Verlag) fa:انتشارات بریل fr:Éditions Brill it:Brill Editore he:הוצאת בריל nl:Koninklijke Brill NV no:Brill pt:Editora Brill

name	Pat Condell
pseudonym	Eddie Zibin (used in the 1980s)
birth name	Patrick Condell
birth date	November 23, 1949
birth place	Ireland
medium	writer
nationality	English
active	1982–present
genre	Topical comedy/satire
subject	Atheism, religious/political satire, free speech
website	www.patcondell.netyoutube.com/patcondell
footnotes	}}

Patrick Condell (born 23 November 1949) is an English writer, comedian, and atheist internet personality. He performed alternative comedy shows during the 1980s and 1990s in the United Kingdom, and won a Time Out Comedy Award in 1991. He was also a regular panellist on BBC Radio 1's "Loose Talk".

From early 2007, he began posting short monologues denouncing religion to a number of video sharing websites. His videos have been featured on many websites, including YouTube and LiveLeak. They have also been published to DVD, and also as a book of video transcripts. , Pat Condell's YouTube channel has over 160,000 subscribers and 34 million views.

In a video titled "Vote small, think big", uploaded a fortnight before the 2010 UK general elections, and on his website, Pat Condell expressed support for the UK Independence Party He is a strong proponent of free speech and critic of religion.

Early life

Condell was born in Ireland and raised in England as a Roman Catholic. He was educated in several different Church of England schools across South London; he said of this time "I found myself segregated in assembly and shunted into another room while everyone said their morning prayers. The whole pantomime seemed hollow to me even then. Once you become aware of the gulf between what people profess to believe and how they actually behave, it’s hard to take any of it seriously." His father was a compulsive gambler working in a betting shop until he was sent to prison for stealing money. He then died of leukemia in prison. The family was impoverished, moving repeatedly from one rented flat to another. Condell left school at 16, and his first job was washing dishes in the revolving restaurant on top of the Post Office tower, now known as the BT Tower in London, for five shillings an hour.

Condell became a vegetarian in 1976 after watching a deer being butchered. Condell did a number of jobs including six years' logging in Canada.

Comedy

Condell performed alternative comedy shows during the 1980s and 1990s in the United Kingdom. His first performance on stage was at the age of 32 in a comedy sketch called Mountbatten’s Plimsoll. He also wrote poetry and appeared in the Poetry Olympics at the Young Vic Theatre in 1982, which led to a job writing weekly poems for the Time Out magazine. Pat was described at the time as "a manic gimlet-eyed, crop-haired poet" in Drama: The Quarterly Theatre Review book.

He then performed on the London Alternative Comedy circuit for several years (originally under the name Eddie Zibin). He also performed at the Tunnel Club, next to the Blackwall Tunnel, where he describes the audience as a "nightmare"; bottles and glasses were thrown at him, and one person attempted to cut the microphone lead with a pair of garden shears. Condell was a performer at The Comedy Store in the Cutting Edge team, with whom he performed at the Edinburgh Fringe in 1991. That year Condell was the winner of a Time Out Comedy Award. From 1991 to 1994 he was a regular panellist on BBC Radio 1's "Loose Talk". During the mid 1990s, Condell was performing over 200 times a year. Due to the late nights and regular travelling he decided to start writing for other comedians, while still doing the occasional performance. In 1991 he performed comedy sketches at Duke of York's Theatre, which were released onto DVD as Barf Bites Back! (1991). His 2006 stand-up show ‘Faith Hope and Sanity’, subtitled ‘A Few Jokes About Religion Before It Kills Us All’, was a platform for his comedy and atheist beliefs. "This is the first time I’ve set out to write a show in order to say something, rather than just as a vehicle for stand-up" he said of the show. "It seems to me that fundamentalist Christians, jihadist Muslims and settlement-building Jews are causing more than their share of trouble in the world. World events are being driven by people with apocalyptic delusions, while here in Britain a paralysing liberal guilt allows religious bigots to use intimidation and violence to stamp out free speech. If you can’t get laughs out of all that, you can’t get them out of anything." He performed the show at London’s Etcetera Theatre. Chortle gave Condell's performance a positive review saying "His wide-ranging observational routine contains barely a dud line, which is some achievement for 40 minutes of reasonably fast-paced stuff."

He is also author of the play Barry Sorts It Out. The Financial Times gave it a negative review describing it as "a sordid East End comedy written by stand-up Pat Condell. It repeats ad nauseam the same gag, in which Barry's narrative recounts his calm, reasonable thoughts followed with a "so I..." by his crassly Neanderthal actions."

Condell has said of his humour "I used to talk about this stuff in comedy clubs until I discovered internet video. Now I get a lot more death threats, but I don't have to deal with drunks."

Online videos

Condell had posted 100 video monologues on various video sites as of August 2011, which together had notched up over 35 million hits, and his videos have been translated and subtitled into 14 languages on the dotSUB collaborative platform. In September 2009, he was one of the top ten most subscribed users on YouTube in the United Kingdom and the most subscribed to comedian of all time in the UK. Eight of his videos are in the top hundred most commented on videos in the UK. His videos have caused Condell to receive hundreds of death threats and also a significant amount of support.

His videos have been featured on websites and blogs, including Little Green Footballs, YouTube, LiveLeak, Jihad Watch, MilkandCookies, Kathy Shaidle's blog, Geert Wilders, the leader of the political party Party for Freedom website, PZ Myers' blog Pharyngula, and Richard Dawkins' website. In 2007 one of Condell's YouTube videos was used in a presentation by Sir Harold Kroto, recipient of the 1996 Nobel Prize for Chemistry, at the Beyond Belief symposium.

Condell's first video, uploaded to YouTube on February 8, 2007 was his participation in The Blasphemy Challenge, an Internet-based project which aims to get atheists to come out and declare themselves as atheists. The challenge asks atheists to submit videos to the website YouTube, in which they record themselves blaspheming or denying the existence of the Holy Spirit.

name	Pat Condell Anthology
distributor	Amazon.com
released	April 29, 2008
runtime	180 minutes
language	English
followed by	}}

In April 2010, Condell urged his viewers to vote "for freedom" and claimed that a "vote for any of the three main parties" would be a wasted vote in the 2010 general election. The same day the United Kingdom Independence Party (UKIP) claimed that Condell "urges voters to shun the three old parties and vote UKIP".

Richard Dawkins, author of The God Delusion, said of Condell that "Pat Condell is unique. Nobody can match his extraordinary blend of suavity and savagery. With his articulate intelligence he runs rings around the religious wingnuts that are the targets of his merciless humour. Thank goodness he is on our side". In 2008, Dawkins's website released a collection of Condell's monologues on DVD, titled Pat Condell: Anthology. The DVD was also sold on Amazon.com.

In an interview with the Bosnian magazine Start, Condell says his intent "is to get other people's unprovable beliefs out of my life, and out of government, the law and education. I don't care what people believe as long as I don't have to keep hearing about it."

He has been criticised by Christian author Dinesh D'Souza on AOL News, who said "If the televangelists are guilty of producing some simple-minded, self-righteous Christians, then the atheist authors are guilty of producing self-congratulatory buffoons like Condell." Atheist biology professor and blogger PZ Myers, on the other hand, endorsed Condell with a terse "Speak it, brother!". The book Raising Freethinkers: A Practical Guide for Parenting Beyond Belief, describes Condell as "breathtakingly intelligent, articulate, uncompromising, and funny".

He is a member of the National Secular Society and has a large following of users on the Internet, including a Facebook group dedicated to him.

"Mosque At Ground Zero"

Condell has been resolute and outspoken in his opposition to the development of Park51, near the site of the September 11, 2001 World Trade Center attack, in lower Manhattan. On June 4, 2010, he released a video titled "No Mosque at Ground Zero", in which he claimed that it was representative of Islamic triumphalism and that the United States would soon be on the verge of Islamization and have its freedoms trimmed, as Europe has. The video has attracted 5 million views since it was uploaded. Speaking on why he believes the Mosque is offensive, Pat Condell claimed:

:"To describe it as they have as a tribute to the victims is beyond bad taste, and shows a profound contempt for those who died. It would be hard to find a more provocative gesture short of standing on their graves and burning the American flag. Yet how typical of Islam, with its own hair trigger sensitivity to the slightest imagined insult, to do something so arrogant and insensitive."

Additionally, Condell cast some doubt over the funding of the Mosque, and claimed that Islam would have been banned in the civilized world if it wasn't for the fact it was a religion. He compared the system of Sharia and the Muslims who endorse it to Nazi Germany.

The trouble with Islam reaction

Condell also received criticism after links to his monologue, titled The trouble with Islam, were circulated to commissioners in the California city of Berkeley's Peace and Justice Commission. Condell said in the video that Islam is "a religion of war", that "Muslim women in Britain who cover their faces are mentally ill", though in some parts of the world women have no choice but to cover their face, as they are "governed... by primitive pigs whose only achievement in life is to be born with a penis in one hand and a Qur'an in the other." Commissioner Elliot Cohen described Condell's comments as "insulting, degenerating and racist".

Condell then accused Cohen of being "motivated by his own narrow personal and political agenda which has nothing to do with me or the video clip." The video was initially sent to them by fellow Peace and Justice Commissioner Jonathan Wornick, who said it "tries to expose intolerance in the Muslim world," such as "the intolerance of radical Islamists who say if you insult Allah, you should have your head cut off." Condell said that its popularity proves "there is an enthusiastic audience for comedy ideas and opinions which are routinely censored out of existence in the UK’s mainstream media, thanks to misguided political correctness".

YouTube censorship

Condell's video "Welcome to Saudi Britain" was removed by YouTube early in October 2008, but reinstated shortly after, due to other YouTube users complaining and posting the video on their own accounts. In it Condell criticises Britain's sanctioning of a Sharia court, and refers to the entire country of Saudi Arabia as mentally ill for its abuse of women.

A YouTube spokesman said "YouTube has clear policies that prohibit inappropriate content on the site, such as pornography, gratuitous violence or hate speech.... If users repeatedly break these rules we disable their accounts." The National Secular Society were amongst the complainants to YouTube, saying "as usual, he (Condell) does not mince his words, but he is not saying anything that is untrue. His main thrust is one of outrage on behalf of those Muslim women who will suffer because they are forced to have their marital problems solved in a male-dominated Sharia court."

Shortly after, YouTube reversed their earlier decision saying "Upon further review of the context of Pat Condell's comments, we've reinstated it." Richard Dawkins applauded the reversal, saying "I congratulate YouTube on an excellent decision. Pat Condell is hard-hitting, but always quietly reasonable in tone." Condell believed that it was removed due to a flagging campaign by Islamic activists.

In his next video "Stop sharia law in Britain", Condell thanked his supporters, YouTube, and the people who flagged the video for removal and giving it publicity. He clarifies the meaning of his statement in his previous video which caused the video to be removed, where he referred to the entire country of Saudi Arabia as mentally ill.

YouTube also briefly removed Condell's video "Godless and free" but he received an email from YouTube explaining that it had been done in error.

Works

! Year	! Name	! Medium	! Role	! Notes	! References
1991	Barf Bites Back!	Stand-up Comedy	Actor
1997	Barry Sorts It Out	Comedy	Writer
1998	Stand and Deliver	Stand-up Comedy	Writer
2008	Pat Condell Anthology	Stand-up Comedy	Writer/actor	An anthology of 35 of Condell's videos.
2010	Godless and Free	Paperback	Writer

See also

Criticism of Islamism

Criticism of religion

List of comedians

New Atheism

Social impact of YouTube

References

External links

Official website

Pat Condell's user profile at LiveLeak

Pat Condell at blip.tv

Pat Condell videos subtitled in multiple languages at dotSUB

Pat Condell audio podcast at LibSyn

Pat Condell at Twitter

Category:1949 births Category:Atheism activists Category:Blogs critical of Islam Category:British Internet personalities Category:British podcasters Category:Criticism of Islam Category:Opposition to Islam in Europe Category:Criticism of Christianity Category:Critics of the European Union Category:Critics of Scientology Category:English atheists Category:English bloggers Category:English comedians Category:English dramatists and playwrights Category:English humanists Category:English humorists Category:English people of Irish descent Category:English satirists Category:English stand-up comedians Category:English vegans Category:Former Roman Catholics Category:Living people Category:People from London Category:United Kingdom Independence Party Category:Video bloggers Category:British libertarians

da:Pat Condell de:Pat Condell es:Pat Condell fr:Pat Condell gl:Pat Condell he:פט קונדל nl:Pat Condell pt:Pat Condell ru:Конделл, Патрик fi:Pat Condell sv:Pat Condell

name	Chris Barber
background	non_vocal_instrumentalist
born	April 17, 1930Welwyn Garden City, Hertfordshire, EnglandUnited Kingdom
instrument	Trombone
genre	Skiffle, ragtime, swing, blues, trad jazz, folk
occupation	Musician, songwriter, bandleader
label	Lake Records
associated acts	Lonnie Donegan, Ken Colyer
website	Official website
notable instruments	}}

Donald Christopher 'Chris' Barber (born 17 April 1930, Welwyn Garden City, Hertfordshire, England) is best known as a jazz trombonist. As well as scoring a UK top twenty trad jazz hit he helped the careers of many musicians, notably the blues singer Ottilie Patterson, who was at one time his wife, and vocalist/banjoist Lonnie Donegan, whose appearances with Barber triggered the skiffle craze of the mid 1950s and who had his first transatlantic hit, "Rock Island Line", while with Chris Barber's band. His providing an audience for Donegan and, later, Alexis Korner makes Barber a significant figure in the British rhythm and blues and "Beat boom" of the 1960s.

Biography

Early life

The son of a statistician father and headmistress mother, Barber was educated at St Paul's School in London and the Guildhall School of Music.

Music career (1950s and 1960s)

Barber and Monty Sunshine (clarinet) formed a band in 1953, calling it Ken Colyer's Jazzmen to capitalise on their trumpeter's recent escapades in New Orleans: the group also included Donegan, Jim Bray (bass), Ron Bowden (drums) and Barber on trombone. The band played Dixieland jazz, and later ragtime, swing, blues and R&B;. Pat Halcox took over on trumpet in 1954 when Colyer moved on after musical differences and the band became "The Chris Barber Band".

In April 1953 the band made its debut in Copenhagen. There Chris Albertson recorded several sides for the new Danish Storyville label, including some featuring only Sunshine, Donegan and Barber on double bass. In 1959 the band's version of Sidney Bechet's "Petite Fleur" spent twenty-four weeks in the UK Singles Charts, making it to #3 and selling over over one million copies, and was awarded a gold disc. After 1959 he toured the United States many times.

In the late 1950s and early 1960s Barber was mainly responsible for arranging the first UK tours of blues artists Big Bill Broonzy, Sonny Terry & Brownie McGhee and Muddy Waters. This, with the encouragement of local enthusiasts such as Alexis Korner and John Mayall, sparked young musicians such as Peter Green, Eric Clapton and The The Rolling Stones. British rhythm and blues powered the British invasion of the USA charts in the 1960s, yet Dixieland itself remained popular: in January 1963 the British music magazine, NME reported the biggest trad jazz event in Britain at Alexandra Palace. It included George Melly, Diz Disley, Acker Bilk, Alex Welsh, Kenny Ball, Ken Colyer, Sunshine, Bob Wallis, Bruce Turner, Mick Mulligan and Barber.

Barber stunned traditionalists in 1964 by introducing blues guitarist John Slaughter into the line up who, apart from a break between April 1978 and August 1986, when Roger Hill took over the spot, played in the band until shortly before his death in 2010. Barber next added a second clarinet/saxophone and this line-up continued until 1999. Then Barber added fellow trombonist/arranger Bob Hunt and another clarinet and trumpet. This eleven-man "Big Chris Barber Band" offered a broader range of music while reserving a spot in the programme for the traditional six-man New Orleans line-up.

A recording of the Lennon/McCartney composition "Catswalk" can be heard, retitled "Cat Call", on The Songs Lennon and McCartney Gave Away. Written by Paul McCartney the song was recorded in late July 1967 and released as a single in the UK on 20 October 1967.

Recent work

The 2010 line up is; Gregor Beck (drums), Dave Green (double bass, January 2007), John Slaughter (guitar), Joe Farler (banjo & guitar), Chris Barber and Bob Hunt (after an 18 month break, rejoined January 2010) (trombones); Mike Henry and Pete Rudeforth (trumpets), Zoltan Sagi, David Horniblow and Richard Exall (clarinets and alto sax, tenor sax, baritone sax). Pat Halcox, trumpeter with the Chris Barber Band since 31 May 1954, retired after playing his last gig with the Big Chris Barber Band on 16 July 2008. Halcox and Barber were together in the band for 54 years - the longest continuous partnership in the history of jazz, exceeding even that of Duke Ellington and Harry Carney (48 years between 1926 and 1974). Tony Carter (reeds) also left the band at this time. Vic Pitt (double bass) retired in January 2007 after 30 years with the band. His feature duet with the drummers of the day - "Big Noise From Winnetka" was not only a feature of the Barber concerts, but also his time with the Kenny Ball band immediately before.

At St. Luke's London, on 9 June 2007 Barber appeared in the horn section of Nick Lowe's band during a concert. In 2008 Barber, along with Eric Clapton and others, were involved in a new cooperative record company, Blues Legacy. On 23 July 2009, Barber, Bilk, and Ball played a one-off concert at Indigo2 at The O2 in Greenwich. The concert was presented by The British Music Experience. He performed at De Doelen in Rotterdam on 12 December 2010.

Select discography

Bestsellers: Chris Barber & Papa Blue's Viking Jazzband, 1954

Original Copenhagen Concert, (live) 1954

Chris Barber in Concert, (live) 1956

Chris Barber Plays, Vol. 2, 1956

Chris Barber Plays, Vol. 3, 1957

Chris Barber Plays, Vol. 4, 1957

Chris Barber in Concert, Vol. 2, (live) 1958

"Petite Fleur", 1958

In Budapest, 1962

Louis Jordan Sings, 1962

Live in East Berlin, 1968

Chris Barber & Lonnie Donegan, 1973

Echoes of Ellington, Vol. 1, 1976

Echoes of Ellington, Vol. 2, 1976

Echoes of Ellington, 1978

Take Me Back to New Orleans, 1980

Copulatin' Jazz: The Music of Preservation Hall, 1993

Live at the BP Studienhaus, 1997

Cornbread, Peas & Black Molasses, (live) 1999

The Big Chris Barber Band with Special Guest Andy Fairweather Low: As We Like It, 2009

Chris Barber's Jazz Band, Chris Barber 1957-58, 2009

The Chris Barber Jazz & Blues Band, Barbican Blues, 2009

The Big Chris Barber Band, Barber At Blenheim, 2009

Chris Barber's Jazz Band with Sonny Terry & Brownie McGhee, Sonny, Brownie & Chris, 2009

Chris Barber Memories Of My Trip, 2011

References

External links

Official website

Chris Barber Facebook

Chris Barber Myspace

Chris Barber Twitter

Chris Barber Youtube

[ Chris Barber @ Allmusic]

Category:1930 births Category:Living people Category:People from Welwyn Garden City Category:Dixieland jazz musicians Category:English jazz musicians Category:Jazz bandleaders Category:Jazz trombonists Category:Old Paulines Category:Skiffle Category:Timeless Records artists Category:English bandleaders

de:Chris Barber fr:Chris Barber nl:Chris Barber nds:Chris Barber pl:Chris Barber fi:Chris Barber sv:Chris Barber

name	Homer and Jethro
background	group_or_band
origin	Knoxville, Tennessee
genre	Country, Parody
years active	1936–1972
label	King, RCA
associated acts	The Carter Family, June Carter, Spike Jones, Chet Atkins
past members	Henry D. Haynes (1936-1971)Kenneth C. Burns (1936-1972)Ken Eidson (1972) }}

Homer and Jethro were the stage names of American country music duo Henry D. Haynes (1920–1971) and Kenneth C. Burns (1920–1989), popular from the 1940s through the 1960s on radio and television for their satirical versions of popular songs. Known as the Thinking Man's Hillbillies, they received a Grammy in 1959 and are members of the Country Music Hall of Fame.

History

Early years

Haynes and Burns met in 1936 during a WNOX-AM audition in Knoxville, Tennessee when they were both 16 years old. Known as Junior and Dude (pronounced "dood'-ee"), the pair was rechristened Homer (Haynes) and Jethro (Burns) when WNOX Program Director Lowell Blanchard forgot their nicknames during a 1936 broadcast. In 1939 they became regulars on the Renfro Valley Barn Dance radio program in Dayton, Ohio.

They were drafted into the US Army during World War II but served separately; they reunited in Knoxville in 1945, and in 1947 they performed on WLW-AM's Midwestern Hayride in Cincinnati. They sang exaggerated hillbilly-styled versions of pop standards as their comedic hook, with Haynes on guitar and Burns on mandolin. They originally recorded for King Records, where they also worked as session musicians backing other artists until a dispute over song credits with label owner Syd Nathan led Nathan to release them from the label. The duo and other stars were fired by new management at WLW in 1948, and after a brief tour, they moved to Springfield, Missouri and performed on KWTO-AM with Chet Atkins, the Carter Family and Slim Wilson.

Song satirists

Signed to the RCA Victor label in 1949, RCA's country A&R; man Steve Sholes suggested they switch their comedy to singing parodies of country and pop hits. Most were penned by Burns, the humorist of the pair. Their parody of "Baby It's Cold Outside", recorded with June Carter, became a hit. The song's composer, Frank Loesser, gave them permission to parody the tune with the condition that the label read, "With apologies to Frank Loesser." It led to a spot on WLS-AM in Chicago in 1950, a tour with bandleader Spike Jones and a number of successful albums. They also served as backup musicians on a number of late 1940s and early 1950s RCA recordings by Chet Atkins and on many other RCA country sessions in Chicago and Nashville. Atkins was married to Burns' wife's sister.

They won a Grammy for Best Comedy Performance - Musical in 1959 for "The Battle of Kookamonga", their parody of Johnny Horton's hit "The Battle Of New Orleans". The majority of their recordings were similar parodies of famous old and new popular songs. One example was their treatment of the old romantic song "When You Wore A Tulip" (When you wore a Tulip/A sweet yellow tulip/and I wore a big red rose). While keeping that line of the chorus intact, the duo's version of its verse told of two lovers sleeping in a greenhouse, removing their clothes due to the heat and humidity, and then having to escape when the building caught fire. To cover their nakedness, the couple wore the flowers.

In the 1960s they also recorded a parody version of Lennon and McCartney's "She Loves You".

Later years

Over time, Homer and Jethro's patter became more sophisticated, giving them access to mainstream audiences on network television and in Las Vegas. On May 12, 1960, they appeared with Johnny Cash on NBC's The Ford Show, Starring Tennessee Ernie Ford. In the 1960s they were hired as commercial personalities for Kellogg's Corn Flakes; their "Ooh! That's corny!" television spots gave them exposure beyond country music audiences. One relatively notable gig was in November 1966, when they entertained at the grand opening ceremony for the now-abandoned, infamous Dixie Square Mall in Harvey, Illinois.

Both were also outstanding jazz musicians who were deeply influenced by the European gypsy string jazz of Django Reinhardt, a style that would influence their work until Haynes's death from a heart attack in 1971. Atkins produced many of their later RCA albums including two blazing instrumental jazz efforts: Playing It Straight and It Ain't Necessarily Square.

After Haynes' passing, Burns tried to maintain the duo with a new "Homer," guitarist Ken Eidson, but the effort was short-lived. Burns continued recording and performing solo and with Chicago folk singer Steve Goodman. He died in 1989 from prostate cancer.

Haynes and Burns were inducted into the Country Music Hall of Fame in 2001.

Album discography

Homer and Jethro Fracture Frank Loesser (RCA)

Barefoot Ballads (RCA)

The Worst of Homer and Jethro (RCA)

Life Can be Miserable (RCA)

At the Country Club (RCA)

Songs My Mother Never Sang (RCA)

At the Convention (RCA)

Fractured Folk Songs (RCA)

Tenderly (RCA)

Zany Songs of the 30's (RCA) (1963)

Go West (RCA)

Old Crusty Minstrels (RCA)

Cool Crazy Christmas (RCA)

Something Stupid (RCA)

Wanted for Murder (RCA)

Ooh, That's Corny (RCA)

Cornfucius Say (RCA)

Nashville Cats (RCA)

Any News from Nashville? (RCA)

Live at Vanderbilt (RCA)

Homer and Jethro's Next Album (RCA)

The Far-Out World of Homer and Jethro (RCA)

Playing It Straight (RCA) (1962) (reissued on CD by RCA Japan) [jazz instrumentals]

It Ain't Necessarily Square (1965?) (reissued on CD by RCA Japan) [jazz instrumentals]

Songs for the Out Crowd (RCA) (1967)

America's Song Butchers: The Weird World of Homer and Jethro (Razor & Tie)

Homer and Jethro Assault the Rock 'n' Roll Era (Bear Family)

With the Nashville String Band

The Nashville String Band (RCA)

Down Home (RCA)

Strung Up (RCA)

Identified! (RCA)

The Bandit (RCA)

World's Greatest Melodies (RCA)

Singles

Year	Single	Peak positions
		! width="55"	! width="55"
		14	—
align=left	9	22
	14	—
1953		2	17
1954		14	—
1955		—	—
1959		26	14
1964		49	—

Guest singles

! Year	! Single	! Artist	! US Country
1967	"Chet's Tune"	Some of Chet's Friends

Notes

References

Homer and Jethro biography at Britannica.com

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External links

Homer and Jethro at the Country Music Hall of Fame

Lyrics for the "Battle of Kookamonga"

Category:American novelty song performers Category:Country Music Hall of Fame inductees Category:Musical groups from Knoxville, Tennessee Category:Country music duos Category:Grammy Award winners Category:King Records artists Category:RCA Victor artists Category:Parody musicians