• 
  Eadweard Muybridge
  Eadweard J. Muybridge (; 9 April 1830 – 8 May 1904) was an English photographer who spent much of his life in the United States. He is known for his pioneering work on animal locomotion which used multiple cameras to capture motion, and his zoopraxiscope, a device for projecting motion pictures that pre-dated the flexible perforated film strip.
  http://wn.com/Eadweard_Muybridge
• Earl Hurd
  Earl Hurd (September 14, 1880 – September 28, 1940) was a pioneering American animator and film director. He is noted for creating and producing the silent Bobby Bumps animated short subject series for early animation producer J.R. Bray's Bray Productions. Hurd and Bray are jointly responsible for developing the processes involved in cel animation, and were granted patents for their processes in 1914.
  http://wn.com/Earl_Hurd
• 
  George Pal
  George Pal (February 1, 1908 – May 2, 1980), born György Pál Marczincsak, was a Hungarian-born American animator and film producer, principally associated with the science fiction genre. He became an American citizen after emigrating from Europe.
  http://wn.com/George_Pal
• 
  Georges Méliès
  Georges Méliès (December 8, 1861 – January 21, 1938), full name Marie-Georges-Jean Méliès, was a French filmmaker famous for leading many technical and narrative developments in the earliest cinema. He was very innovative in the use of special effects. He accidentally discovered the stop trick, or substitution, in 1896, and was one of the first filmmakers to use multiple exposures, time-lapse photography, dissolves, and hand-painted color in his films. Because of his ability to seemingly manipulate and transform reality through cinematography, Méliès is sometimes referred to as the First "Cinemagician."
  http://wn.com/Georges_Méliès
• 
  J. Stuart Blackton
  James Stuart Blackton (January 5, 1875 – August 13, 1941), usually known as J. Stuart Blackton, was an Anglo-American film producer of the Silent Era, the founder of Vitagraph Studios and among the first filmmakers to use the techniques of stop-motion and drawn animation. He is considered the father of American animation.
  http://wn.com/J_Stuart_Blackton
• 
  Jan Švankmajer
  Jan Švankmajer (; born 4 September 1934) is a Czech surrealist artist and filmmaker. His work spans several media. He is known for his surreal animations and features, which have greatly influenced other artists such as Tim Burton, Terry Gilliam, the Brothers Quay, Shane Acker, and many others.
  http://wn.com/Jan_Švankmajer
• Jiří Trnka
  Jiří Trnka () (24 February 1912, Plzeň - 30 December 1969, Prague) was a Czech puppet maker, illustrator, motion-picture animator and film director, renowned for his stop motion puppet animations.
  http://wn.com/Jiří_Trnka
• John Randolph Bray
  John Randolph Bray (August 25, 1879 - October 10, 1978) was an American animator. He produced the first animated-color film, The Debut of Thomas Cat (1920), in Brewster Color, developed by Percy D. Brewster of Newark, New Jersey. Bray Productions produced over 500 films between 1913 and 1937, mostly animation films and documentary shorts. Cartoonist Paul Terry worked briefly for Bray Studios in 1916.
  http://wn.com/John_Randolph_Bray
• 
  Len Lye
  Len Lye, born Leonard Charles Huia Lye (5 July 1901, Christchurch, New Zealand - 15 May 1980, Warwick, New York), was a New Zealand-born artist known primarily for his experimental films and kinetic sculpture. His films are held in archives such as the New Zealand Film Archive, British Film Institute, Museum of Modern Art in New York City, and the Pacific Film Archive at University of California, Berkeley. Lye's sculptures are found in the collections of the Whitney Museum of American Art, the Art Institute of Chicago, the Albright-Knox Art Gallery and the Berkeley Art Museum. Although he became a naturalized citizen of the United States in 1950, much of his work went to New Zealand after his death, where it is housed at the [http://www.govettbrewster.com/ Govett-Brewster Art Gallery] in New Plymouth.
  http://wn.com/Len_Lye
• 
  Max Fleischer
  Max Fleischer (July 19, 1883 – September 11, 1972) was an American animator. He was a pioneer in the development of the animated cartoon and served as the head of Fleischer Studios. He brought such animated characters as Betty Boop, Koko the Clown, Popeye, and Superman to the movie screen and was responsible for a number of technological innovations.
  http://wn.com/Max_Fleischer
• 
  Norman McLaren
  Norman McLaren, CC, CQ (11 April 1914 – 27 January 1987) was a Scottish-born Canadian animator and film director known for his work for the National Film Board of Canada (NFB).
  http://wn.com/Norman_McLaren
• 
  Ollie Johnston
  Oliver Martin Johnston, Jr. (October 31, 1912 – April 14, 2008) was an American motion picture animator. He was one of Disney's Nine Old Men, and the last surviving at the time of his death. He was recognized by The Walt Disney Company with its Disney Legend Award in 1989. His work was recognized with the National Medal of Arts in 2005.
  http://wn.com/Ollie_Johnston
• Phil Tippett
  Phil Tippett (born 1951) is a movie director and an award-winning Visual effects Supervisor and Producer, who specializes in creature design and character animation.
  http://wn.com/Phil_Tippett
• Piotr Dumała
  Piotr Dumała (born 9 July, 1956 in Warsaw) is a Polish film director and animator. His animation technique is original and fascinating, among the most interesting of the last 30 years. While training to be a sculptor, he discovered that scratching images into painted plaster could be a beautiful way to create animations. This is only one technique of a method called destructive animation, where one image is erased (in this case, painted over) and re-drawn to create the next frame in the sequence. William Kentridge is another artist who works in this destructive way. Dumala's main themes, and the way to show them, recall ostensibly the world of writer Franz Kafka. His film, Crime and Punishment, was included in the Animation Show of Shows.
  http://wn.com/Piotr_Dumała
• 
  Ray Harryhausen
  Ray Harryhausen (born Raymond Frederick Harryhausen on June 29, 1920 in Los Angeles, California) is an American film producer and a special effects creator most famous for his brand of stop-motion model animation, sometimes called Dynamation. Among his most notable works are his animation on Mighty Joe Young (with pioneer Willis O'Brien, which won the Academy Award for special effects) (1949), The 7th Voyage of Sinbad (his first color film) and Jason and the Argonauts, featuring a famous sword fight against seven skeleton warriors.
  http://wn.com/Ray_Harryhausen
• 
  Stan Brakhage
  James Stanley Brakhage (January 14, 1933 – March 9, 2003), better known as Stan Brakhage, was an American non-narrative filmmaker who is considered to be one of the most important figures in 20th century experimental film.
  http://wn.com/Stan_Brakhage
• Terrence Masson
  http://wn.com/Terrence_Masson
• 
  Terry Gilliam
  Terrence Vance "Terry" Gilliam (; born 22 November 1940) is a screenwriter, film director, animator, actor and member of the Monty Python comedy troupe. Gilliam is also known for directing several films, including Time Bandits (1981), Brazil (1985), The Fisher King (1991), and 12 Monkeys (1995). He is the only "Python" not born in Britain, and took British citizenship in 1968.
  http://wn.com/Terry_Gilliam
• 
  Thomas Edison
  Thomas Alva Edison (February 11, 1847 – October 18, 1931) was an American inventor, scientist, and businessman who developed many devices that greatly influenced life around the world, including the phonograph, the motion picture camera, and a long-lasting, practical electric light bulb. Dubbed "The Wizard of Menlo Park" (now Edison, New Jersey) by a newspaper reporter, he was one of the first inventors to apply the principles of mass production and large teamwork to the process of invention, and therefore is often credited with the creation of the first industrial research laboratory.
  http://wn.com/Thomas_Edison
• 
  Wallace and Gromit
  Wallace and Gromit are the main characters in a series consisting of four British animated short films and a feature-length film by Nick Park of Aardman Animations. All the characters are made from moulded plasticine modelling clay on metal armatures, and filmed with stop motion clay animation.
  http://wn.com/Wallace_and_Gromit
• William Kentridge
  William Kentridge is a South African artist perhaps best known for his animated films. These are constructed by filming a drawing, making erasures and changes, and filming it again. He continues this process meticulously, giving each change to the drawing a quarter of a second to two seconds' screen time. A single drawing will be altered and filmed this way until the end of a scene. These drawings are later displayed along with the films as finished pieces of art.
  http://wn.com/William_Kentridge
• Willis O'Brien
  '''Willis Harold O'Brien''' (March 2, 1886 – November 8, 1962) was an Irish American pioneering motion picture special effects artist who perfected and specialized in stop-motion animation. He was affectionately known to his family and close friends as "Obie".
  http://wn.com/Willis_O'Brien
• 
  Winsor McCay
  Winsor McCay (September 26, 1867(?) – July 26, 1934) was an American cartoonist and animator.
  http://wn.com/Winsor_McCay
• 
  Émile Cohl
  Émile Cohl (January 4, 1857 – January 20, 1938), born Émile Eugène Jean Louis Courtet, was a French caricaturist of the largely-forgotten Incoherent Movement, cartoonist, and animator, called "The Father of the Animated Cartoon" and "The Oldest Parisian".
  http://wn.com/Émile_Cohl

• 
  Czechoslovakia
  Czechoslovakia or Czecho-Slovakia (Czech and Slovak: Československo, Česko-Slovensko) was a sovereign state in Central Europe which existed from October 1918, when it declared its independence from the Austro-Hungarian Empire, until 1992. From 1939 to 1945 the state did not have de facto existence, due to its forced division and partial incorporation into Nazi Germany, but the Czechoslovak government-in-exile nevertheless continued to exist during this period. In 1945 the eastern part of Carpathian Ruthenia was taken over by the Soviet Union. On 1 January 1993, Czechoslovakia peacefully split into the Czech Republic and Slovakia.
  http://wn.com/Czechoslovakia
• 
  Finland
  Finland (pronounced ), officially the Republic of Finland, is a Nordic country situated in the Fennoscandian region of Northern Europe. It is bordered by Sweden on the west, Norway on the north and Russia on the east, while Estonia lies to its south across the Gulf of Finland.
  http://wn.com/Finland
• 
  Ollie Johnston
  Oliver Martin Johnston, Jr. (October 31, 1912 – April 14, 2008) was an American motion picture animator. He was one of Disney's Nine Old Men, and the last surviving at the time of his death. He was recognized by The Walt Disney Company with its Disney Legend Award in 1989. His work was recognized with the National Medal of Arts in 2005.
  http://wn.com/Ollie_Johnston
• Shahr-e Sukhteh
  Shahr-e Sūkhté (, meaning "Burnt City"), also spelled as Shahr-e Sukhteh and Shahr-i Shōkhta, is an archaeological site of a sizable Bronze Age urban settlement, associated with the Jiroft culture. It is located in Sistan and Baluchistan Province, the southeastern part of Iran, on the bank of the Helmand River, near the Zahedan-Zabol road. A proposal is submitted to include it in the World Heritage List of UNESCO.
  http://wn.com/Shahr-e_Sukhteh
• Weimar Republic
  The Weimar Republic (, ) is the name given by historians to the parliamentary republic established in 1919 in Germany to replace the imperial form of government. It was named after Weimar, the city where the constitutional assembly took place. Its official name was Deutsches Reich (sometimes translated as German Empire, but Reich can also mean realm or federal level of government), however, and it was usually known in English simply as Germany. Following World War I, the republic emerged from the German Revolution in November 1918. In 1919, a national assembly convened in Weimar, where a new constitution for the German Reich was written, then adopted on 11 August of that same year. Germany's period of liberal democracy lapsed in the early 1930s, leading to the ascent of the NSDAP and Adolf Hitler in 1933. Although the constitution of 1919 was never officially repealed, the legal measures taken by the Nazi government in February and March 1933, commonly known as Gleichschaltung ("coordination") meant that the government could legislate contrary to the constitution. The constitution became irrelevant; thus, 1933 is usually seen as the end of the Weimar Republic and the beginning of Hitler's Third Reich.
  http://wn.com/Weimar_Republic

• 35 mm film
• 3D animation
• 3D computer graphics
• Adult animation
• Akira (film)
• Angry Kid
• animated GIF
• Animation database
• Animation software
• animations
• animator
• Animatronics
• anime
• Appleseed
• armature
• Beowulf (2007 film)
• bitmap graphics
• blackboard
• Blocking (animation)
• Bryant and May
• burial chamber
• cave painting
• cel
• cel animation
• Cel-shaded animation
• Character animation
• character animator
• charcoal
• Chicken Run
• Chuckimation
• Cinemagraph
• cinematography
• Clay animation
• Computer animation
• Contrast (vision)
• Coraline (film)
• Corpse Bride
• Cutout animation
• Czechoslovakia
• digital video
• Dragonslayer
• Eadweard Muybridge
• Earl Hurd
• Earth
• El Apóstol
• Fantastic Planet
• Film genre
• film stock
• Filmation
• Finland
• Flash animation
• flip book
• frame (film)
• George Pal
• Georges Méliès
• Gerald McBoing Boing
• Gertie the Dinosaur
• glass
• Go motion
• Graphic animation
• Gumby
• Hanna-Barbera
• Heavy Metal (film)
• History of animation
• Ice Age (film)
• illusion
• interpolated
• J. Stuart Blackton
• Jan Švankmajer
• Jiří Trnka
• John Randolph Bray
• Koko the Clown
• Kung-Fu Panda
• Len Lye
• light
• Limited animation
• Lion King
• Little Nemo
• matte
• Max Fleischer
• Model animation
• Model sheet
• Morph (character)
• morphing
• Motion (physics)
• motion blur
• motion capture
• movie theaters
• Multi-sketch
• mural
• negative film
• Nocturna (Film)
• Norman McLaren
• Object animation
• oil paint
• Ollie Johnston
• onion skinning
• optical illusion
• Osmosis Jones
• paleolithic
• phenakistoscope
• Phil Tippett
• Pinscreen animation
• Piotr Dumała
• Pixilation
• Polar Express
• PowerPoint animation
• praxinoscope
• Puppet animation
• Puppetoon
• Ray Harryhausen
• Robot Chicken
• rostrum camera
• Rotoscoping
• Sand animation
• Scanimate
• Shahr-e Sukhteh
• Silhouette animation
• Skyland
• software
• South Park
• Space Jam
• special effects
• Spirited Away
• Stan Brakhage
• stick figure
• still photograph
• Stop motion
• Tale of Tales
• Tehran Times
• Terrence Masson
• Terry Gilliam
• the Internet
• The Iron Giant
• The Lion King
• The Secret of NIMH
• The Tale of the Fox
• The Trap Door
• Thomas Edison
• Toy Story
• Tradigital art
• Up (2009 film)
• vector graphics
• visual effects
• Waking Life
• Wallace and Gromit
• web cartoon
• Weimar Republic
• William Kentridge
• Willis O'Brien
• Winsor McCay
• Wire frame model
• wrestler
• zoetrope
• Émile Cohl

Animal Filmography

• Mind Reader (2004)