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Arab
http://wn.com/Arab -
Ashina
http://wn.com/Ashina -
Bogd Khan
The Bogd Khan (Mongolian ; 1869–1924) was enthroned as the Emperor (Khan) of Mongolia on 29 December 1911, when the country declared independence from the Qing Dynasty. He was born in the Kham region of eastern Tibet, or today's Sichuan province of China. As the eighth Jebtsundamba Khutugtu, he was the third most important "Yellow Hat" in the Gelugpa tradition of Buddhism, below only the Dalai and Panchen Lamas, and a living bodhisattva. He was the spiritual leader of Mongolia's Tibetan Buddhism. His wife Sharav Dondogdulam, the Ekh Dagina ("Dakini mother"), was believed to be an incarnation of the important Buddhist tantric meditation deity Tara in her own right.
http://wn.com/Bogd_Khan -
Boris I of Bulgaria
Boris I or sometimes Boris-Mihail (Michael) (), also known as Bogoris (died 2 May 907) was the ruler of First Bulgarian Empire 852–889. At the time of his baptism in 864, Boris was named Michael after his godfather, Emperor Michael III.
http://wn.com/Boris_I_of_Bulgaria -
Bulgars
The Bulgars (also Bolgars, Bulghars, or Proto-Bulgarians) were a people who lived in Eastern Europe during the Early Middle Ages. Their ethnicity is uncertain but most scholars posit that they were a Turkic people with some Iranian elements that migrated to Europe from Central Asia in 4th century. In the 7th century they established two states on the Pontic-Caspian steppe: Great Bulgaria, which spanned between the Caspian Sea and Black Sea, and Volga Bulgaria on the territory that is now part of the Russian Republics of Tatarstan and Chuvashia. Likewise, they imposed themselves in the Balkans as the elite ruling class of the Danube Bulgar Khanate. In each of these regions they were gradually assimilated over a period of centuries by the local ethnic groups, giving rise to several modern peoples claiming descent from them: Volga Tatars (see Bulgarism) and Chuvash, Balkars and Bulgarians.
http://wn.com/Bulgars -
Chagatai Khan
Chagatai Khan (, Tsagadai; c. 1185–1241 or 1242) was the second son of Genghis Khan and first khan and origin of the names of the Chagatai Khanate, Chagatai language and Chagatai Turks.
http://wn.com/Chagatai_Khan -
China
China is seen variously as an ancient civilization extending over a large area in East Asia, a nation and/or a multinational entity.
http://wn.com/China -
Eurasian Avars
The European Avars, or Ancient Avars, were a highly organized nomadic confederacy of mixed origins. They were ruled by a khagan, who was surrounded by a tight-knit retinue of nomad warriors, an organization characteristic of Turkic groups. Although the name Avar first appeared in the mid fifth century, the Avars of Europe enter the historical scene in the mid sixth century A.D., when they established a pax spanning considerable areas of Central and Eastern Europe. Avar rule persisted over much of the Pannonian Plain up to the early 9th century. Their ultimate fate is believed to have been assimilation by the invading Magyars (Hungarians).
http://wn.com/Eurasian_Avars -
Genghis Khan
Genghis Khan ( or ; Mongolian: or ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠢᠰ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ, ', or '), ; probably 1162–1227), born B. Temüjin (, was the founder, Khan (ruler) and Khagan (emperor) of the Mongol Empire, which became the largest contiguous empire in history after his death.
http://wn.com/Genghis_Khan -
Great Bulgaria
http://wn.com/Great_Bulgaria -
Habba Khatun
Habba Khatun was a 16th century Muslim poet from the village of Chandrahar of Kashmir. She was born in the small village Chandrahar, and was known under the name Zoon (the Moon) because of her immense beauty until her marriage with Yusuf Shah Chak, who later became ruler of Kashmir, after which she was called Habba Khatun.
http://wn.com/Habba_Khatun -
Kara-Kitai
http://wn.com/Kara-Kitai -
Kashgaria
http://wn.com/Kashgaria -
Kazakhs
The Kazakhs (also spelled Kazaks, Qazaqs; ; the English name is transliterated from Russian) are a Turkic people of the northern parts of Central Asia (largely Kazakhstan, but also found in parts of Uzbekistan, China, Russia, and Mongolia).
http://wn.com/Kazakhs -
Khan Krum
http://wn.com/Khan_Krum -
Khatun
Khatun ( - Khātūn, ) is a female title of nobility and alternative to male "khan" prominently used in the First Turkish Empire and in the subsequent Mongol Empire. It is equivalent to "queen" or "empress" approximately.
http://wn.com/Khatun -
Khazars
The Khazars were a semi-nomadic Turkic people who dominated the Pontic steppe and the North Caucasus from the 7th to the 10th century. The name "Khazar" seems to be tied to a Turkic verb form meaning "wandering".
http://wn.com/Khazars -
Krum
Krum () was Khan of Bulgaria, from after 796, but before 803, to 814 AD. During his reign the Bulgarian territory doubled in size, spreading from the middle Danube to the Dnieper and from Odrin to the Tatra Mountains.
http://wn.com/Krum -
kurultai
http://wn.com/kurultai -
Manchu
The Manchu people (Manchu: Manju; , Mongolian: Манж, ) are a Tungusic people who originated in Manchuria (today's northeastern China). During their rise in the 17th century, with the help of the Ming dynasty rebels (such as general Wu Sangui), they came to power in China and founded the Qing Dynasty, which ruled China until the Xinhai Revolution of 1911, which established a republican government in its place.
http://wn.com/Manchu -
Maripgan
http://wn.com/Maripgan -
Mongol
http://wn.com/Mongol -
Mongols
The name Mongol (Mongolian: Mongγol; Cyrillic script: Mongol) specifies one or several ethnic groups, now mainly located in Mongolia, China, and Russia.
http://wn.com/Mongols -
Möngke Khan
Möngke Khan, also transliterated as Mongke, Mongka, Möngka, Mangu or Mangku (Mongolian: Мөнх хаан; Chinese temple name: Xianzong; Chinese: 元宪宗, January 10, 1209 – August 11, 1259 ), was the fourth Great Khan of the Mongol Empire from July 1, 1251 – August 11, 1259. He was the first Great Khan from the Toluid line. Under Möngke, the Mongols conquered Iraq and Syria as well as the Tai kingdom of Nanzhao and the area of present-day Vietnam. He made significant reforms to improve the administration of the Empire.
http://wn.com/Möngke_Khan -
Nurhaci
Nurhaci (Manchu: ; ; alternatively Nurhachi; February 21, 1559 - September 30, 1626) was an important Manchu chieftain who rose to prominence in the late 16th Century in what is today Northeastern China. Nurhaci was part of the Aisin Gioro clan, and reigned from 1616 to his death in September 1626.
http://wn.com/Nurhaci -
Ogedei Khan
http://wn.com/Ogedei_Khan -
Old Great Bulgaria
Old Great Bulgaria or Great Bulgaria (Παλαιά Μεγάλη Βουλγαρία in Byzantine chronicles) was а term used by Byzantine historians to refer to Onoguria during the reign of the Bulgar ruler Kubrat in the 7th century north of the Caucasus mountains in the steppe between the Dniester and Lower Volga.
http://wn.com/Old_Great_Bulgaria -
Omurtag
http://wn.com/Omurtag -
Ottoman empire
http://wn.com/Ottoman_empire -
Pagan of Bulgaria
Pagan () was the ruler of Bulgaria 767–768.
http://wn.com/Pagan_of_Bulgaria -
Pashtun people
Pashtuns ( , , also rendered as Pushtuns, Pakhtuns, Pukhtuns), also called Pathans (in and Hindi: पठान ) or (ethnic) Afghans (in ; see also origin and history of the term), are an Eastern Iranian ethno-linguistic group with populations primarily in Afghanistan and western Pakistan, which includes Pakhtunkhwa, Federally Administered Tribal Areas and Balochistan. The Pashtuns are typically characterized by their usage of the Pashto language and practice of Pashtunwali, a traditional set of rules and ethics guiding individual and communal conduct.
http://wn.com/Pashtun_people -
Persian people
Ethnic group|group = Persian Speakers
http://wn.com/Persian_people -
Rouran
http://wn.com/Rouran -
Russian Civil War
The Russian Civil War (1917–1923) was a multi-party war that occurred within the former Russian Empire after the Russian provisional government collapsed to the Soviets, under the domination of the Bolshevik party. Soviet forces first assumed power in Petrograd (St. Petersburg) and subsequently gained control throughout Russia.
http://wn.com/Russian_Civil_War -
Seljuk Turks
http://wn.com/Seljuk_Turks -
Silla
Silla (57 BC – 935 AD) () was one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea, and one of the longest sustained dynasties in Asian history. Although it was founded by King Park Hyeokgeose, who is also known to be the originator of the Korean family name Park (박, 朴), the dynasty was to see the Gyeongju Kim (김, 金) clan hold rule for most of its 992-year history. What began as a chiefdom in the Samhan confederacies, once allied with China, Silla eventually conquered the other two kingdoms, Baekje in 660 and Goguryeo in 668. Thereafter, Unified Silla or Later Silla, as it is often referred to, occupied most of the Korean Peninsula, while the northern part re-emerged as Balhae, a successor-state of Goguryeo. After nearly 1000 years of rule, Silla fragmented into the brief Later Three Kingdoms, handing over power to its successor dynasty Goryeo in 935.
http://wn.com/Silla -
Talysh Khanate
The Talysh Khanate (or Lankaran Khanate) was one of many self-ruling principalities that existed on the territory of modern Azerbaijan Republic between 1747 and 1813, which was Iranian territory at that time. It was conquered over Iran by Russia and confirmed by the Treaty of Turkmenchay .
http://wn.com/Talysh_Khanate -
Tatar
http://wn.com/Tatar -
Turkic languages
The Turkic languages constitute a language family of at least thirty five languages, spoken by Turkic peoples across a vast area from Eastern Europe and the Mediterranean to Siberia and Western China, and are considered to be part of the proposed Altaic language family.
http://wn.com/Turkic_languages -
Turkic peoples
The Turks (or Turkics) are peoples residing in northern, central and western Asia, Mongolia, southern Siberia and northwestern China and parts of eastern Europe. They speak languages belonging to the Turkic language family. They share, to varying degrees, certain cultural traits and historical backgrounds. The term Turkic represents a broad ethno-linguistic group of people including existing societies such as the Chuvashes, Kazakhs, Tatars, Kyrgyzs, Turkish, Turkmen, Uyghur, Uzbeks, Bashkirs, Qashqai, Gagauzs, Yakuts, Crimean Karaites, Krymchaks, Karakalpaks, Karachays, Krymchaks, Nogais and as well as past civilizations such as the Kumans, Kipchaks, Avars, Turgeshs, Seljuks, Khazars, Ottomans, Mamluks, Timurids, and possibly the Xiongnu and Huns.
http://wn.com/Turkic_peoples -
Töregene Khatun
Töregene Khatun (also Turakina) (1244–1246) was the Great Khatun and regent of the Mongol Empire from the death of her husband Ögedei Khan in 1241 until the election of her eldest son Güyük Khan in 1246.
http://wn.com/Töregene_Khatun -
Xianbei
The Xianbei () were a significant nomadic people residing in Manchuria and eastern Mongolia, or Xianbei Shan.
http://wn.com/Xianbei -
Xinjiang
Xinjiang (; ; ; Postal map spelling: Sinkiang) is an autonomous region (Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region) of the People's Republic of China. It is the largest Chinese administrative division and spans over 1.6 million km2. Xinjiang borders Russia, Mongolia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Afghanistan, Pakistan and India, has abundant oil reserves and is China's largest natural gas-producing region.
http://wn.com/Xinjiang -
Xiongnu
The Xiongnu (, Middle Chinese: Guangyun: xĭwoŋ˥˩-nu˩, Mongolian: Hunnu (Хүннү)) were a confederation of nomadic tribes from Central Asia with a ruling class of unknown origin. The bulk of information on the Xiongnu comes from Chinese sources. What little is known of their titles and names comes from Chinese transliterations from their language.
http://wn.com/Xiongnu
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Ardabil
Ardabil (Persian and Azerbaijani: اردبیل ) is a historical city in north-western Iran. The name Ardabil probably comes from the Zoroastrian name of "Artavil" which means a holy place. Ardabil is the center of Ardabil Province. Its population is estimated to be around 340,386, the dominant majority of whom are ethnic Azerbaijanis. Notable for its silk and carpet trade tradition, the ancient Ardabil Carpets are considered some of the best of the classical Persian Rug creations. Ardabil is also known as the seat of a World Heritage Site: the sanctuary and tomb of Shaikh Safî ad-Dîn, eponym of the Safavid Dynasty.
http://wn.com/Ardabil -
Armenia
Armenia (, transliterated : Hayastan, ), officially the Republic of Armenia (, Hayastani Hanrapetut’yun, ), is a landlocked mountainous country in the Caucasus region of Eurasia. Situated at the juncture of Western Asia and Eastern Europe, it is bordered by Turkey to the west, Georgia to the north, the de facto independent Nagorno-Karabakh Republic and Azerbaijan to the east, and Iran and the Azerbaijani exclave of Nakhchivan to the south.
http://wn.com/Armenia -
Azerbaijan
Azerbaijan ( ; ), officially the Republic of Azerbaijan (), is one of the six independent Turkic states in the Caucasus region of Eurasia. Located at the crossroads of Eastern Europe and Western Asia, it is bounded by the Caspian Sea to the east, Russia to the north, Georgia to the northwest, Armenia to the west, and Iran to the south.
http://wn.com/Azerbaijan -
Buchara
http://wn.com/Buchara -
Bulgaria
Bulgaria ( , Balgariya, ), officially the Republic of Bulgaria (, Republika Balgariya, ), is a country in Southern Europe. Bulgaria borders five other countries: Romania to the north (mostly along the Danube), Serbia and the Republic of Macedonia to the west, and Greece and Turkey to the south. The Black Sea defines the extent of the country to the east.
http://wn.com/Bulgaria -
China
China is seen variously as an ancient civilization extending over a large area in East Asia, a nation and/or a multinational entity.
http://wn.com/China -
Ferghana
http://wn.com/Ferghana -
Great mughal
http://wn.com/Great_mughal -
Gujarat
Gujarat (, , , ) is a state in India. Its capital is Gandhinagar, while its largest city is Ahmedabad. Gujarat is home to the Gujarati speaking people of India. The state encompasses major sites of the Indus Valley Civilization such as Lothal and Dholavira. Gujarat played an important role in the economic history of India throughout the history of India. It is home to major ports in India's ancient and modern history, leading it to become one of the main trade and commerce center of India. Lothal, one of the world's first ports, is located in Gujarat. Mohandas Gandhi, considered as India's "father of the nation", was a Gujarati who led the Indian Independence Movement against the British rule. Even today, Gujarat has one of the fastest growing economies in India.
http://wn.com/Gujarat -
Hyderabad state
http://wn.com/Hyderabad_state -
Iran
Iran ( ), officially the Islamic Republic of Iran is a country in Central Eurasia and Western Asia. The name Iran has been in use natively since the Sassanian era and came into use internationally in 1935, before which the country was also known to the western world as Persia. Both Persia and Iran are used interchangeably in cultural contexts; however, Iran is the name used officially in political contexts.
http://wn.com/Iran -
Karakalpakstan
Karakalpakstan ( or Қарақалпақстан Республикасы; or ) is an autonomous republic of Uzbekistan. It occupies the whole western end of Uzbekistan. The capital is Nukus (Karakalpak: No'kis or Нөкис). The Republic of Karakalpakstan has an area of . Its territory covers the classical land of Khwarezm, though in classical Persian literature the area was known as "Kāth".
http://wn.com/Karakalpakstan -
Kashgaria
http://wn.com/Kashgaria -
Kathiawar
Kathiawar or Kathiawad (; ) is a peninsula in western India, which is part of the Saurashtra region on the Arabian Sea coast of Gujarat state. It is bounded on the north by the great wetland of the Rann of Kutch, on the northwest by the Gulf of Kutch, on the west and south by the Arabian Sea, and on the southeast and east by the Gulf of Cambay.
http://wn.com/Kathiawar -
Khanate of Khiva
The Khanate of Khiva () was the name of a Central Asian state that existed in the historical region of Khwarezm from 1511 to 1920, except for a period of Persian occupation by Nadir Shah between 1740–1746. Centered in the irrigated plains of the lower Amu Darya, south of the Aral Sea, with the capital in Khiva City, the country was ruled by the Kungrads, a branch of the Astrakhans, themselves a Genghisid dynasty.
http://wn.com/Khanate_of_Khiva -
Khoy
Khoy (, ) (sometimes spelt Khoi, Khuy, and Khvoy), is a city in West Azarbaijan Province, Iran. It is located north of the province's capital and largest city Urmia, and 807 km north-west to Tehran. The region's economy is based around agriculture, particularly the production of fruit, grain, and timber. Khoy is nicknamed as the Sunflower city of Iran. As of 2006 census, the city had a population of 178,708, with an estimated 2008 population of 184,409. Both Azeri and Persian are spoken in Khoy, while the local language is Azeri, most inhabitants can converse in Persian. In Khoy Azerbaijanis are in majority. The main religion is Shia Islam.
http://wn.com/Khoy -
Kokand
Kokand (; ; ; Chagatai: خوقند; ) is a city in Fergana Province in eastern Uzbekistan, at the southwestern edge of the Fergana Valley. It has a population of 192,500 (1999 census estimate). Kokand is 228 km southeast of Tashkent, 115 km west of Andijan, and 88 km west of Fergana. It is nicknamed “City of Winds”, or sometimes “Town of the Boar". It is located at at an altitude of 409 meters.
http://wn.com/Kokand -
Korea
Korea ( Hanguk or Joseon – South and North Korea, respectively (cf. etymology)) is a territory of East Asia that was formerly unified under one state, but now divided into two separate states and a region in northeastern Asia. Located on the Korean Peninsula, it is bordered by China to the northwest, Russia to the northeast, and is separated from Japan to the east by the Korea Strait and the Sea of Japan (East Sea).
http://wn.com/Korea -
Maku, Iran
Maku (, , ) is a town in the northwestern part of the West Azarbaijan province of Iran. It is situated 22 km from the Turkish border in a mountain gorge at an altitude of 1634 metres. The Zangmar River cuts through the city. The population of Maku speak dominantly Azeri and Kurdish
http://wn.com/Maku_Iran -
Maripgan
http://wn.com/Maripgan -
Mir
{{Infobox Space station
http://wn.com/Mir -
Mongolia
Mongolia (; ) is a landlocked country in East and Central Asia. It is bordered by Russia to the north and the People's Republic of China to the south, east and west. Although Mongolia does not share a border with Kazakhstan, its western-most point is only from Kazakhstan's eastern tip. Ulaanbaatar, the capital and largest city, is home to about 38% of the population. Mongolia's political system is a parliamentary republic.
http://wn.com/Mongolia -
Mongolian language
The Mongolian language (in Mongolian script: , '; in Mongolian Cyrillic: , ') is the best-known member of the Mongolic language family. It has about 5.7 million speakers, including over 90% of the residents of Mongolia and many of the Mongolian residents of the Inner Mongolia autonomous region of China. In Mongolia, the Khalkha dialect of Mongolian, written in Cyrillic, is predominant; in Inner Mongolia, the language is more dialectally diverse and written in the traditional Mongolian script.
http://wn.com/Mongolian_language -
Mughals
http://wn.com/Mughals -
Pakistan
{{Infobox country
http://wn.com/Pakistan -
Persia
http://wn.com/Persia -
Qing
http://wn.com/Qing -
Qing dynasty
http://wn.com/Qing_dynasty -
Sarab
:for the village in Yemen see Sarab, Yemen
http://wn.com/Sarab -
Silla
Silla (57 BC – 935 AD) () was one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea, and one of the longest sustained dynasties in Asian history. Although it was founded by King Park Hyeokgeose, who is also known to be the originator of the Korean family name Park (박, 朴), the dynasty was to see the Gyeongju Kim (김, 金) clan hold rule for most of its 992-year history. What began as a chiefdom in the Samhan confederacies, once allied with China, Silla eventually conquered the other two kingdoms, Baekje in 660 and Goguryeo in 668. Thereafter, Unified Silla or Later Silla, as it is often referred to, occupied most of the Korean Peninsula, while the northern part re-emerged as Balhae, a successor-state of Goguryeo. After nearly 1000 years of rule, Silla fragmented into the brief Later Three Kingdoms, handing over power to its successor dynasty Goryeo in 935.
http://wn.com/Silla -
Swat (Pakistan)
http://wn.com/Swat_(Pakistan) -
Tabriz
Tabriz (, ) is the most populated city in Iranian Azerbaijan, it is fourth largest city in Iran and the capital of East Azerbaijan Province. Situated at an altitude of 1,350 meters at the junction of the Quri River and Aji River, it was the second largest city in Iran until the late 1960s, one of its former capitals, and residence of the crown prince under the Qajar dynasty. The city has proven extremely influential in the country’s recent history. Tabriz is located in a valley to the north of the long ridge of the volcanic cone of Sahand, south of the Eynali mountain. The valley opens out into a plain that slopes gently down to the northern end of Lake Urmia, 60 km to the west. With cold winters and temperate summers the city is considered a summer resort.
http://wn.com/Tabriz -
Uzbekistan
Uzbekistan, officially the Republic of Uzbekistan (‘zbekiston Respublikasi'' or Ўзбекистон Республикаси) is one of the six independent Turkic states. It is a doubly landlocked country in Central Asia, formerly part of the Soviet Union. It shares borders with Kazakhstan to the west and to the north, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan to the east, and Afghanistan and Turkmenistan to the south.
http://wn.com/Uzbekistan -
Yuan Dynasty
The Yuan Dynasty (; pinyin: Yuáncháo; ), ), or Great Yuan Empire () was a ruling dynasty founded by the Mongol leader Kublai Khan, who ruled most of present-day China, all of modern Mongolia and its surrounding areas, lasting officially from 1271 to 1368. It is considered both as a division or continuation of the Mongol Empire and as an imperial dynasty of China. In Chinese history, the Yuan Dynasty followed the Song Dynasty and preceded the Ming Dynasty. Although the dynasty was established by Kublai Khan, he had his grandfather Genghis Khan placed on the official record as the founder of the dynasty or Taizu (). Besides Emperor of China, Kublai Khan had also claimed the title of Great Khan, i.e. supremacy over the other Mongol khanates (Chagatai Khanate, Golden Horde, Ilkhanate); however this claim was only truly recognized by the Il-Khanids, who were nevertheless essentially self-governing. Although later emperors of the Yuan Dynasty were recognized by the three virtually independent western khanates as their nominal suzerains, they each continued their own separate developments. The Yuan is sometimes referred to as the Empire of the Great Khan, as the Mongol Emperors of the Yuan held the title of Great Khan of all Mongol Khanates.
http://wn.com/Yuan_Dynasty
- Amir
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- Ardabil
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- Ashina
- Astrakhan Khanate
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- Azmatkhan
- baatar
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- Badakhshan
- baghatur
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- Bogd Khan
- Bolshevik
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- British Raj
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- emirate
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- Kazakh language
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- khanate
- Khanate of Kazan
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- Khanate of Kokand
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- Khanum
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- Khatun
- Khazars
- Khoja Shamakha
- Khong Tayiji
- Khoy
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- Khwarezm
- King
- King of Kings
- knyaz
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- prince
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- princely state
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- Rai (Indian)
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Tees Maar Khan - Title track (Full Version)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:27
- Published: 04 Nov 2010
- Uploaded: 07 Nov 2011
- Author: UTVMotionPictures
Akshay Kumar is about to perform the Biggest Con of his life in Farah Khan's upcoming film Tees Maar Khan along with Katrina Kaif! Enjoy, the full version of the Title track from the film which will keep city buzzing all day!!The film Releases on 24th December 2010.To get the latest updates on other UTV film videos, subscribe to our Youtube channel www.youtube.com Catch all the latest excitement around Tees Maar Khan check facebook.com
http://wn.com/Tees_Maar_Khan__Title_track_Full_Version
"Bodyguard" (Title video song) Ft. 'salman Khan', Katrina kaif
Watch the exclusive video song from salman khan, kareena kapoor starrer movie 'Bodyguard'. This is the tittle video song of bodyguard featuring Katrina Kaif, salman khan & shera. This song is sung by "Salman Khan" and Band of power.Enjoy and play only on T-Series. Feel the power, feel the punch coz aa gaya hai "Bodyguard"
http://wn.com/Bodyguard_Title_video_song_Ft_'salman_Khan',_Katrina_kaif
![Tees Maar Khan' Full Title Song [HD] - Tees Maar Khan (2010) *HD* - Akshay Kumar & Katrina Kaif](http://web.archive.org./web/20111114233418im_/http://i.ytimg.com/vi/DF2ljc9oMIU/0.jpg "Tees Maar Khan' Full Title Song [HD] - Tees Maar Khan (2010) *HD* - Akshay Kumar & Katrina Kaif")
Tees Maar Khan' Full Title Song [HD] - Tees Maar Khan (2010) *HD* - Akshay Kumar & Katrina Kaif
Tees Maar Khan' Full Title Song [HD] - Tees Maar Khan (2010) *HD* - Akshay Kumar & Katrina Kaif Tees Maar Khan' - Official Trailer [HD] - (2010) Trailer *HD* - Feat. Akshay Kumar & Katrina Kaif. Tees Maar Khan is a forthcoming Action / Comedy 2010 film directed by Farah Khan featuring Akshay Kumar, Katrina Kaif in the lead roles and Akshaye Khanna in a cameo. Salman Khan has done an item song for the film. The film is set to release on 24 December 2010. The music of the film is composed by the music duo of Vishal-Shekhar, lyrics are penned by Javed Akhtar and is slated to release in November. The theatrical trailer of the film was released with Vipul Shah's Action Replayy on 5th November 2010. Although the official trailer was released on the UTV's channel on You tube on 4th November 2010. Track listing 1."Badey Dilwala" Anvita Dutt Guptan, Shreya Ghoshal, Sukhwinder Singh: 4:55 2."Happy Ending" Anvita Dutt Guptan, Prajakta Shukre, Abhijeet Sawant, Debojit Saha : 4:43 3."Sheila Ki Jawani" Vishal Dadlani, Vishal Dadlani, Sunidhi Chauhan: 4:43 4."Tees Maar Khan" Shirish Kunder, Sonu Nigam: 4:17 5."Wallah Re Wallah" Anvita Dutt Guptan, Shekhar Ravjiani, Kamaal Khan, Raja Hasan, Shreya Ghoshal: 5:28 6."Badey Dilwala - Remix" Anvita Dutt Guptan, Shreya Ghoshal, Sukhwinder Singh :4:57 7."Sheila Ki Jawani - Remix"Vishal Dadlani, Sunidhi Chauhan: 4:48 8."Tees Maar Khan - Remix" Shirish Kunder, Sonu Nigam; 4:18 9."Wallah Re Wallah - Remix" Anvita Dutt Guptan, Shekhar Ravjiani <b>...</b>
http://wn.com/Tees_Maar_Khan'_Full_Title_Song_ HD __Tees_Maar_Khan_2010_*HD*__Akshay_Kumar_Katrina_Kaif
Hum Aapke Hain Koun - Title Song (Salman Khan & Madhuri Dixit)
Watch Hum Aapke Hain Koun - Title Song (Salman Khan & Madhuri Dixit). Click www.rajshri.com to watch more movie songs
http://wn.com/Hum_Aapke_Hain_Koun__Title_Song_Salman_Khan_Madhuri_Dixit
Kabhi Alvida Na Kehna title song full video Shahrukh Khan
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:27
- Published: 29 Oct 2008
- Uploaded: 08 Nov 2011
- Author: KhabarBollywood
Kabhi Alvida Na Kehna title song full video featuring Shahrukh Khan, Abhishek Bachan, Preity Zinta and Rani Mukherjee.Kabhi Alvida Naa Kehna (Devanagari: कभी अलविदा न कहना, Nastaliq: کبھی الوداع نہ کہنا, English: Never Say Good Bye is a 2006 Bollywood film directed by Karan Johar and produced under the Dharma Productions banner. Released on August 11, 2006 in India and North America, it stars Amitabh Bachchan, Shahrukh Khan, Rani Mukerji, Preity Zinta, Abhishek Bachchan and Kirron Kher in pivotal roles.Set and mostly filmed in New York City, Kabhi Alvida Naa Kehna is a romantic drama film which explores themes of adultery and extramarital affairs. Although more of a moderate success in India which its earnings waning at the box office after the first week of release, the film was a success internationally and in the United States it became the highest grossing Indian film of all time, beating Kabhi Khushi Kabhie Gham's five year old record. In the United States it grossed over $1.3 million and $1.4 million in the United Kingdom on its opening weekend and was screened in over 1200 cinemas worldwide.The film was nominated for numerous awards and actor Abhishek Bachchan won the Filmfare Best Supporting Actor Award and GIFA Best Supporting Actor Award amongst others with Rani Mukerji winning the IIFA Best Actress Award for their performances in the film. The film was shown at the Tokyo International Film Festival. The script of the film which received <b>...</b>
http://wn.com/Kabhi_Alvida_Na_Kehna_title_song_full_video_Shahrukh_Khan
Hatton TV - Amir Khan talks about world title defence against Lamont Peterson
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:43
- Published: 04 Oct 2011
- Uploaded: 09 Oct 2011
- Author: Hattonboxing
WBA & IBF light welterweight champion Amir Khan talks to Hatton TV about his uocoming title defence against Lamont Peterson in Washington on December 10th. For more boxing news and interviews check out www.hattonboxing.com
http://wn.com/Hatton_TV__Amir_Khan_talks_about_world_title_defence_against_Lamont_Peterson
RAHAT FATAH ALI KHAN - OST Anokha Bandhan ATV Drama Title Song
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:37
- Published: 25 Oct 2009
- Uploaded: 31 Oct 2011
- Author: touchfaraz
Mere Brother Ki Dulhan-Full video title song 2011 with Lyrics ft Imran Khan and katrina kaif(HD)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:29
- Published: 01 Aug 2011
- Uploaded: 08 Nov 2011
- Author: rfication1
FULL VIDEO title song of mere brother ki dulhan imran khan katrina kaif ali zaffar 2011 new upcoming bollywood hindi full video song 2011 with lyrics mere brother ki dulhan songs 2011 in HD FULL LYRICS (mere brother ki dulhan, brother ki dulhan, brother ki dulhan mere brother ki dulhan, brother ki dulhan, brother ki dulhan) Matrimonial si aankhein, sabko ab taake jaake Matrimonial si aankhein, dhoondhe re chehre baanke Matrimonial si aankhein, sabko ab taake jaake Matrimonial si aankhein, dhoondhe re chehre baanke (matrimonial si aankhein) Sundar ho susheela, rang chaandi sa chamkeela Degree bhi ho fashin bhi jaane (soniye) Ho Seeta jaise naari aur jaane duniya daari Piya ko sab kuch hi woh maane Dil se Dilli ho woh dhadkan se ho London Dhoondu mein dhoondu, mere brother ki dulhan Dil se Dilli ho woh dhadkan se ho London Dhoondu mein dhoondu, mere brother ki dulhan Matrimonial si aankhein, sabko ab taake jaake Matrimonial si aankhein, dhoondhe re chehre baanke Matrimonial si aankhein, sabko ab taake jaake Matrimonial si aankhein, dhoondhe re chehre baanke (mere brother ki dulhan, brother ki dulhan, brother ki dulhan mere brother ki dulhan, brother ki dulhan, brother ki dulhan) mohabat ki ho wo google jo de de har question ka hal nazar ki ek hi click se(soniye) walk pe sunti ho gane brother ko khus karna jane jo sab ke dil mein dua si baase model ho world best par mitti ho indian Dhoondu mein dhoondu, mere brother ki dulhan Dil se Dilli ho woh dhadkan se ho London Dhoondu <b>...</b>
http://wn.com/Mere_Brother_Ki_Dulhan-Full_video_title_song_2011_with_Lyrics_ft_Imran_Khan_and_katrina_kaifHD
Kise Da Yaar Na Vichre
Artist: Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan Title: Kise Da Yaar Na Vichre (altr. Kise Da Yaar Na Wichre) Album: from PTV Drama Serial Dhuwan Lyrics/Poet: Khuwaja Pervez? Length: 6:05 Genre: Soundtrack Paa Ne Re Sa Re Ne Pa... (Vocables) Aes To Dadha Dukh Na Koi Pyar Na Vichre Kise Da Yaar Na Vichre Roag Hijar Da Maar Mukaawe Sukh Da Koi Sah Na Aawe Dukh Laande Nay Dil Vich Dere Chare Paase Disan Hanere Duniya Vichre Nahin Parwah Dildar Na Vichre Kise Da Yaar Na Vichre (Vocables)... Nagan Vangoon Dang Diyan Raatan Pat Jhar Lag Diyan Ne Barsatan Hanjuan Haar Parowan Rakhiyan Loki Hasde Rowan Akhiyan Gham Aawan Te Naheen Parwaah Ghamkhawaar Na Vichrhe Kise Da Yaar Na Wichre Yaar Jinhaan De Paaon Judayi'yaan Rul Jaande Ne Vaang Shudaayiaan Ranjhe Vargey Ishq De Rogi Kan Parhwa Ke Ban Gaye Jogi Lakh Vaari Jeh Karo Dua Ik Vaar Na Vichrhe Kisi Daa Yaar Na Wichre...
http://wn.com/Kise_Da_Yaar_Na_Vichre
dulhan hum le jayenge full title song Salman khan and Karishma kapoor
dulhan hum le jayenge full title song Salman khan and Karishma kapoor
http://wn.com/dulhan_hum_le_jayenge_full_title_song_Salman_khan_and_Karishma_kapoor
Planet Bollywood - Shahrukh & Salman title war, Katrina ditches Ranbir for Imran & More Hot Bollywood News
Katrina Kaif ditches Ranbir Kapoor for Imran Khan Mahesh Bhatt talks about working with Shahrukh Khan Rana Daggubati denies replacing Abhishek Bachchan in Department Ranveer Singh passes snide remarks about Deepika Padukone Shahrukh Khan & Salman Khan title war Aamir Khan talks about Salman Khan's marriage Akshay Kumar at the premier of Ragini MMS Dalit group of Patna is upset with Prakash Jha Deepika Padukone wants to be Aamir Khan heroine Deepika Padukone,Priyanka Chopra & Neha Dhupia sport similar dresses Genelia D'souza's childish behaviour on the sets of her film
http://wn.com/Planet_Bollywood__Shahrukh_Salman_title_war,_Katrina_ditches_Ranbir_for_Imran_More_Hot_Bollywood_News
Thori Si Wafa Chahiye Title Song By Rahat Fateh Ali Khan
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:42
- Published: 21 Jun 2010
- Uploaded: 05 Nov 2011
- Author: PPP30Nov1967
Unity Faith Discipline Shaheen Group President:Muhammad Awais Qarni Member:Pakistan Peoples Party My other IDs MuhammadAwaisQarni5143 KhanLala5143 Malangi5143 ShaheenGroup DhokeRatta1
http://wn.com/Thori_Si_Wafa_Chahiye_Title_Song_By_Rahat_Fateh_Ali_Khan
Phir Bhi Dil Hai Hindustani - Title Song | Shahrukh Khan |
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:41
- Published: 16 Feb 2010
- Uploaded: 08 Nov 2011
- Author: MyNameIsNoodlesx
Song: Phir Bhi Dil Hai Hindustani Film: Phir Bhi Dil Hai Hindustani Starring: Shahrukh Khan, Juhi Chawla, Swatish Shah, Paresh Rao, Johnny Lever
http://wn.com/Phir_Bhi_Dil_Hai_Hindustani__Title_Song_|_Shahrukh_Khan_|
Salman Khan With His Mother Salma Khan On Tere Mere Beach Mein ( Special Episode) HQ
A Very Spl Episode For All Salman Bhai Fans..Salman Bhai With His Mother Salma (Aunty) Khan On Tere Mere Beach Mein
http://wn.com/Salman_Khan_With_His_Mother_Salma_Khan_On_Tere_Mere_Beach_Mein__Special_Episode_HQ
Imran Khan - Nazar
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:04
- Published: 13 Jan 2010
- Uploaded: 08 Nov 2011
- Author: thewikedslimshady
Title: Nazar Title: Imran Khan Album: Unforgettable Genre: Bhangra
http://wn.com/Imran_Khan__Nazar
Asad Ullah Khan Tribute Performance To Shah Rukh Khan
Asad Ullah Khan Tribute Performance To his idol Shah Rukh Khan @ Diwali Celebrations 2011 Hope You All Enjoy ! You Can follow Asad Ullah Khan on twitter : @AsadAukKhan
http://wn.com/Asad_Ullah_Khan_Tribute_Performance_To_Shah_Rukh_Khan
Ek tha Tiger 1080p (Title Song) - First look official trailer feat. Salman Khan
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:45
- Published: 23 Aug 2011
- Uploaded: 09 Nov 2011
- Author: punjabwarrior7
first song released from ek tha tiger feat. Salman Khan, Katrina Kaif, Aamir Khan, Priyanka Chopra, Sanjay Dutt, Kareena Kapoor, Imran Khan, Karisma Kapoor and many many more
http://wn.com/Ek_tha_Tiger_1080p_Title_Song__First_look_official_trailer_feat_Salman_Khan
Amir Khan vs Zab Judah - Part 2 of 2
Part 2 of 2__________________________________________________________________________Tags: amir khan zab judah full fight part round ko knockdown lowblow boxing boxer ibf wbo wbc wba light welterweight junior welterweight title fight world championship 140 pounds king super juda sab kan high definition quality hq hd
http://wn.com/Amir_Khan_vs_Zab_Judah__Part_2_of_2
KAL HO NA HO-TITLE SONG
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:38
- Published: 05 Dec 2008
- Uploaded: 08 Nov 2011
- Author: bbubbly007
a vey toching song frm kal ho na ho...*ing shahrukh khan preity zinta n saif ali khan
http://wn.com/KAL_HO_NA_HO-TITLE_SONG
Humsafar drama full title song OST HD
Humsafar full title track. I love this song and you know why ... because Fawad Khan is in the show =) Enjoy.
http://wn.com/Humsafar_drama_full_title_song_OST_HD
Soul Khan - Soul Like Khan (Official Video)
Buy the Acknowledgement EP ~ bit.ly Join Fanclub ~ bit.ly Website ~ soulkhan.com Facebook ~ http Twitter ~ twitter.com "Soul LIke Khan" from the free album Soul LIke Khan and Acknowledgement EP. "Black Hammer, White Lightning" from Acknowledgement EP. Video Directed by: Brian Robinson/Hyer Ground Productions Music Produced by: J57 Wardrobe by: warbyparker.com http beliefnyc.com CAMEOS Julius Myth Phil and Raffie from Beilef Raven the Blazin Eurasian Jon Jeremy Seed Popular DJ Re.Kon Optiks Jermaine Fowler Maxx Scian & The Izm JO from OISD Email soulkhanbiz@gmail.com for interviews & booking
http://wn.com/Soul_Khan__Soul_Like_Khan_Official_Video
Berryz Koubou - 'Dschinghis Khan' PV
Berryz Koubou Dschinghis Khan Release date: March 12, 2008 Limited Edition: PKCP-5112~3 (Comes with a DVD) Regular edition: PKCP-5114 (First Press comes with a numbered card, giving the chance to attend a live Berryz Koubou event) CD Tracklist: 1. Dschinghis Khan [The title is in katakana which romanizes to "Jingisukan"] 2. Darling I LOVE YOU (Berryz Koubou version) 3. Dschinghis Khan (Instrumental) "Dschinghis Khan" is a remake of the 1979 disco hit by the german group Dschinghis Khan. This song was also an inspiration for the 2000 Morning Musume song, "Koi no Dance Site". "Koi no Dance Site" and the Berryz version of "Dschinghis Khan" are both arranged by H!P fan favorite DANCE☆MAN
http://wn.com/Berryz_Koubou__'Dschinghis_Khan'_PV
Dastaan -Hum Tv- Title Track Full song
Sanam Baloch,Fawad Khan,Mehreen Raheal ,Qavi Khan,Saba hamid,Samina Perzada, Pakistani Serial ,Hum tv Title Track Mp3 link.. www.zshare.net
http://wn.com/Dastaan_-Hum_Tv_Title_Track_Full_song
![A 17th century Tibetan thangka of Guhyasamaja Akshobhyavajra; the Ming Dynasty court gathered various tribute items which were native products of Tibet (such as thangkas),[34] and in return granted gifts to Tibetan tribute-bearers.[35]](http://web.archive.org./web/20111114233418/http://cdn0.wn.com/pd/63/7b/e9318e3610f576405b1f44097bfd_medium.jpg "A 17th century Tibetan thangka of Guhyasamaja Akshobhyavajra; the Ming Dynasty court gathered various tribute items which were native products of Tibet (such as thangkas),[34] and in return granted gifts to Tibetan tribute-bearers.[35]")
![A Tang period gilt-silver jar, shaped in the style of northern nomad's leather bag[56] decorated with a horse dancing with a cup of wine in its mouth, as the horses of Emperor Xuanzong were trained to do.[56]](http://web.archive.org./web/20111114233418/http://cdn4.wn.com/pd/5c/44/94db589b68d5af7028c342defd80_medium.jpg "A Tang period gilt-silver jar, shaped in the style of northern nomad's leather bag[56] decorated with a horse dancing with a cup of wine in its mouth, as the horses of Emperor Xuanzong were trained to do.[56]")
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Dhuan is not the title of my film – Aamir Khan
10 Nov 2011
Newstrack India
London, Oct 5 (ANI): Boxer Amir Khan has offered US President Barack Obama a ringside seat for his world title fight against Lamont Peterson in Washington. Khan's sixth title defence...
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The Daily Mail
Amir Khan rubber-stamped his next world title defence yesterday - and immediately offered US president Barack Obama a ringside seat. The 24-year-old will put his WBA and IBF light welterweight titles on the line against Lamont Peterson in the American's home city of Washington DC. Khan's sixth title...
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The Guardian
The world light-welterweight champion is relishing the prospect of a career-defining fight next year Amir Khan, right, and Lamont Peterson will fight for two world light-welterweight belts in Washington DC on 10 December. Photograph: Brendon Thorne/Getty Images...
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The Daily Mail
Britain's Amir Khan is confident of retaining his WBA and IBF light-welterweight titles when he takes on beating American Lamont Peterson in Washington DC. Khan defended the belts in Las Vegas against Zab Judah in July and will now take on mandatory IBF challenger Peterson in the United States on...
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The Guardian
• Khan to defend WBA and IBF titles in Washington • Peterson has won all but two of his 31 fights Amir Khan will defend his titles against Lamont Peterson in December. Photograph: Andrew Couldridge/Action Images...
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The Independent
Britain's Amir Khan today announced that he will defend his WBA and IBF light-welterweight titles against American Lamont Peterson in Washington DC in December. Khan defended the belts in Las Vegas against Zab Judah in July and will now take on mandatory IBF challenger Peterson in the United States...
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Khan (, khaan; , qaγan; ; ; Chinese: 汗, hán) is an originally Altaic and subsequently Central Asian title for a sovereign or military ruler, widely used by medieval nomadic Turko-Mongol tribes living to the north of China. 'Khan' is also seen as a title in the Xianbei confederation for their chief between 283 and 289. The Mongolian people Niruns were the first people who used the titles Khagan and Khan for their emperors, replacing the Chanyu of the Xiongnu, whom Grousset and others assume to be Mongol as well.
It was subsequently adopted by the Ashina before the Göktürks (hence the Turkic peoples) and the Mongols brought it to the rest of Asia. In the middle of the sixth century it was known as "Kagan – King of the Turks" to the Persians.
of the Kazakhs (founded 1465; since 1601 divided into three geographical Jüz or Hordes, each under a bey; in 1718 split into three different khanates; eliminated by the Russian Empire by 1847)
in present Uzbekistan, the main khanate, named after its capital Buchara, was founded in 1500 and restyled emirate in 1753 (after three Persian governors since 1747); the Ferghana (valley's) khanate broke way from it by 1694 and became known as the Khanate of Kokand after its capital Kokand from its establishment in 1732; the khanate of Khwarezm, dating from c.1500, became the Khanate of Khiva in 1804 but fell soon under Russian protectorate; Karakalpakstan had its own rulers (khans?) since c. 1600.
Khanate of Kazan (the Mongol term khan became active since Genghizide dynasty was settled in Kazan Duchy in 1430s.
Sibir Khanate (giving its name to Siberia as the first significant conquest during Russia's great eastern expansion across the Ural range) *Sibirean Khanate (giving its name to Siberia as the first significant conquest during Russia's great eastern expansion across the Ural range)
Astrakhan Khanate
Crimean Khanate.
, Minister of the Interior, who along with the 23rd Tushiyetu Khan Dorjsurenkhoroljav (1908-1937) was the last Genghisid Khan in Mongolia. He was executed during the great purges of 1937.]]
Dörben Oyriad ('Four Confederates') or Dzungar (Kalmyk or Kalmuck people branch) Khanate formed in 1626, covering Xinjiang region of China, Kyrgyzstan, eastern Kazakhstan and western Mongolia; 2 Dec 1717–1720 also styled Protector of Tibet; 1755 tributary to China, 1756 annexed and dissolved in 1757
Khanate of Kashgaria founded in 1514 as part of Djagataide Khanate; 17th century divided into several minor khanates without importance, real power going to the so-called Khwaja, Arabic islamic religious leaders; title changed to Amir Khan in 1873, annexed by China in 1877.
Gur Khan, meaning supreme or universal Khan, was the ruler of the Turkic Kara-Kitai, and has occasionally been used by the Mongols as well
Ilkhan, both a generic term for a 'provincial Khan' and traditional royal style for one of the four khanates in Genghis's succession, based in Persia. See the main article for more details.
Khan-i-Khanan ('Lord of Lords') was a title given to the commander-in-chief of the army of the Mughals, an example being Abdur Rahim, Khan-i-Khanan of the great Mughal emperor Akbar's (and later his son Jahangir's) army.
Khan Sahib Shri Babi was the complex title of the ruler of the South Asia princely state of Bantva-Manavadar (state founded 1760; September 1947 acceded to Pakistan, but 15 February 1948 forced to rescind accession to Pakistan, to accede to India after Khan Sahib's arrest).
In southern Korean states, the word Han or Gan, meaning "leader", possibly derived from Khan, was used for various ruling princes, until Silla, one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea, united them under a now hereditary king, titled Maripgan, meaning the 'head of kings' (e.g. King Naemul Maripgan).
* Töregene Khatun
* Habba Khatun
Khanum () () () is another female derivation of Khan, notably in Turkic languages, for a Khan's Queen-consort, or in some traditions extended as a courtesy title (a bit like Lady for women not married to a Lord, which is the situation modern Turkish) to the wives of holders of various other (lower) titles; in Afghanistan, for example, it ended up as the common term for 'Miss', any unmarried woman. In the modern Kazakh language, Khatun is a derogatory term for women, while Khanum has a respectful meaning.
* The compound Galin Khanum – literally, "lady bride" – was the title accorded to the principal noble wife of a Qajar
Khanzada ()(the Persian suffix -zadeh means son or more generally male descendant; not to be confused with Khannazad: female harem attendant; for analogous titles see Prince of the Blood and links there) is a title conferred to princes of the dynasties of certain princely states, such as
*Jandala (Muslim Jadoon dynasty, Pakistan's North-West Frontier Province), always before the personal name, but itself preceded by Mir, both being maintained by the ruling Khan (who uses that title after his name)
*Sardargarh-Bantva (Muslim Babi dynasty, fifth class state in Kathiawar, Gujarat) in front of the personal name, Shri in between; the ruler replaces Khanzada by khan.
Khaqan or Khakhan () is used as a title in Pakistan.
Khandan () ('Khan holder') means "Family" in Urdu language
Yuruk Khans in Ardemush or Erdemuş Village in Kailar. (see : Ottoman Tapu Archivies)
Azmatkhan
Khan Khel
Khagan
Archon
King
Meo
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Crimean Khanate
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List of Mongol Khans
on-line encyclopaedia on all Bengal, in English
Etymology OnLine
RoyalArk- see under each present country
Princely states in British India – look each up by name, in that section, BUT a taluq in Oudh in that section
WorldStatesmen- see under each present country
Khanate rulers and dynasties
Ruling Khans
A khan controls a khanate (sometimes spelled chanat. Mongolian: хаант, khaant). In the Mongolian language, "khan" is also pronounced with double "a"s like "Khaan". Khaant means "with Khaan," like "Khaant ulus" or "nation with Khan" or khanate. Whenever appropriate as ruler of a monarchy, Khan is also translated as king.Originally khans only headed relatively minor tribal entities, generally in or near the vast Eurasian steppe, the scene of an almost endless procession of nomadic people riding out into the history of the neighbouring sedentary regions.
Some managed to establish principalities of some importance for a while, as their military might repeatedly proved a serious threat to such empires as China and kingdoms in Central Asia.
One of the earliest notable examples of such principalities in Europe was Danube Bulgaria (presumably also Old Great Bulgaria), ruled by a khan or a kan at least from the 7th to the 9th century. It should be noted that the title "khan" is not attested directly in inscriptions and texts referring to Bulgar rulers – the only similar title found so far, Kanasubigi, has been found solely in the inscriptions of three consecutive Bulgarian rulers, namely Krum, Omurtag and Malamir (a grandfather, son and grandson). Starting from the compound, non-ruler titles that were attested among Bulgarian noble class such as kavkhan (vicekhan), tarkhan, and boritarkhan, scholars derive the title khan or kan for the early Bulgarian leader – if there was a vicekhan (kavkhan) there was probably a "full" khan, too. Compare also the rendition of the name of early Bulgarian ruler Pagan as (Kampaganos), likely resulting from a misinterpretation of "Kan Pagan", in Patriarch Nicephorus's so-called Breviarium In general, however, the inscriptions as well as other sources designate the supreme ruler of Danube Bulgaria with titles that exist in the language in which they are written – archontеs, meaning 'commander or magistrate' in Greek, and knyaze, meaning 'duke' or 'prince' in Slavic. Among the best known Bulgar khans were: Khan Kubrat, founder of Great Bulgaria; Khan Asparukh, founder of Danubian Bulgaria (today's Bulgaria); Khan Tervel, who defeated the Arab invaders in 718 Siege of Constantinople (718), thus "saving Europe"; Khan Krum, "the Terrible". "Khan" was the official title of the ruler until 864 CE, when Kniaz Boris (known also as Tsar Boris I) adopted the Eastern Orthodox faith.
on the eve of the Mongol invasions, c. CE 1200.]]
The title Khan became unprecedently prominent when the Mongol Temüjin created the Mongol empire, the greatest land empire the world has ever seen, which he ruled as Genghis Khan. His title was khagan 'Khan of Khans', see below, but is often 'shortened' to Khan (rather like the Persian Shahanshah -also meaning 'King of Kings'- is usually called Shah, equally incorrect, in most Western languages) or described as 'Great Khan' (like the Ottoman Padishah being called 'Great Sultan'). The great leader was regarded as a khan in the middle east and Asia.
Ming Dynasty Chinese Emperors also used the term Xan to denote brave warriors and rulers.
The title Khan was also used to designate the greatest rulers of the Jurchens, who, later when known as the Manchus, founded the Mongolian-Manchu Qing dynasty of China. The Mongolian title of the Qing emperors, Bogd Khan, would later be used by the eighth Jebtsundamba Khutuktu after Mongolia's declaration of independence in 1911.
Once more, there would be numerous khanates in the steppe in and around Central Asia, often more of a people than a territorial state, e.g.:
While most Afghan principalities were styled emirate, there was a khanate of ethnic Uzbeks in Badakhshan since 1697.
Khan was the title of the rulers of various break-away states later reintegrated in Iran, e.g. 1747–1808 Khanate of Ardabil (in northwestern Iran east of Sarab and west of the southwest corner of the Caspian Sea), 1747–1813 Khanate of Khoy (northwestern Iran, north of Lake Urmia, between Tabriz and Lake Van), 1747–1829 Khanate of Maku (in extreme northwestern Iran, northwest of Khoy, and 60 miles south of Yerevan, Armenia), 1747–1790s Khanate of Sarab (northwestern Iran east of Tabriz), 1747 – c.1800 Khanate of Tabriz (capital of Iranian Azerbeidjan).
There were various small khanates in and near Transcaucasia. In present Armenia, there was a khanate of Erivan (sole incumbent 1807–1827 Hosein Quli Khan Qajar). Diverse khanates existed in Azerbaijan, including Baku (present capital), Ganja, Jawad, Quba (Kuba), Salyan, Shakki (Sheki, ruler style Bashchi since 1743) and Shirvan=Shamakha (1748–1786 temporarily split into Khoja Shamakha and Yeni Shamakha), Talysh (1747–1814); Nakhichevan and (Nagorno) Karabakh.
As hinted above, the title Khan was also common in some of the polities of the various – generally Islamic – peoples in the territories of the Mongol Golden Horde and its successor states, which, like the Mongols in general, were commonly called Ta(r)tars by Europeans and Russians, and were all eventually subdued by Muscovia which became the Russian Empire. The most important of these states were:
Further east, in imperial China's western Turkestan flank:
Compound and derived princely titles
The higher, rather imperial title Khaqan ("Khan of Khans") applies to probably the most famous rulers known as Khan: the Mongol imperial dynasty of Genghis Khan (his name was Temüjin, Genghis Khan a never fully understood unique title), and his successors, especially grandson Kublai Khan: the former founded the Mongol Empire and the latter founded the Yuan Dynasty in China. The ruling descendants of the main branch of Genghis Khan's dynasty are referred to as the Great Khans. 's empire is shaded]]The title Khan of Khans was among numerous titles used by the Sultans of the Ottoman empire as well as the rulers of the Golden Horde and its descendant states. The title Khan was also used in the Seljuk Turk dynasties of the near-east to designate a head of multiple tribes, clans or nations, who was below an Atabeg in rank. Jurchen and Manchu rulers also used the title Khan (Han in Manchu); for example, Nurhaci was called Genggiyen Han. Rulers of the Göktürks, Avars and Khazars used the higher title Kaghan, as rulers of distinct nations.
Khatun, or Khatan () – a title of European Sogdian origin – is roughly equal to a King's queen in Mongolic and Turkic languages, as by this title a ruling Khan's Queen-consort (wife) is designated with similar respect after their proclamation as Khan and Khatun. Also used in Hazari (instead of Khanum). Famous Khatuns include:
Other khans
Noble and honorary titles
In imperial Persia, Khan (female form Khanum) was the title of a nobleman, higher than Beg (or bey) and usually used after the given name. At the Qajar court, precedence for those not belonging to the dynasty was mainly structured in eight classes, each being granted an honorary rank title, the fourth of which was Khan, or in this context synonymously Amir, granted to commanders of armed forces, provincial tribal leaders; in descending order, they thus ranked below Nawab (for princes), Shakhs-i-Awwal and Janab (both for high officials), but above 'Ali Jah Muqarrab, 'Ali Jah, 'Ali Sha'an (these three for lower military ranks and civil servants) and finally 'Ali Qadir (masters of guilds, etc.)The titles Khan (the lowest commonly awarded) and Khan Bahadur (Mongolic root baghatur, related to the Mongolian baatar 'brave, hero'; were also bestowed in feudal India by the Great mughal (whose protocol was largely Persian-inspired) upon Muslims, and later by the British Raj, as an honor akin to the ranks of nobility, often for loyalty to the crown. Khan Sahib was another title of honour, one degree higher than Khan, conferred on Muslims; again like Khan Bahadur, it was also awarded with a decoration during British rule.
In the major South Asian Muslim state of Hyderabad, Khan was the lowest of the aristocratic titles bestowed by the ruling Nizam upon Muslim retainers, ranking under Khan Bahadur, Nawab (homonymous with a high Muslim ruler's title), Jang, Daula, Mulk, Umara, Jah. The equivalent for the courts Hindu retainers was Rai.
In Swat, a Pakistani Frontier State, it was the title of the secular elite, who, together with the Mullahs (Muslim clerics), proceeded to elect a new Amir-i-Shariyat in 1914.
It seems unclear whether the series of titles known from the Bengal sultanate, including Khan, Khan ul Muazzam, Khan-ul-Azam, Khan-ul-Azam-ul-Muazzam etc. and Khaqan, Khaqan-ul-Muazzam, Khaqan-ul-Azam, Khaqan-ul-Azam-ul-Muazzam etc., are merely honorific or perhaps relate to a military hierarchy.
Other uses (surname)
Like many titles, the meaning of the term has also extended downwards, until in Persia and Afghanistan it has become an affix to the name of any Muslim gentleman, like Effendi in Osmanli, Esquire in English.See jirga for local mediators called Khan.
Khan and its female forms occur in many personal names, generally without any nobiliary of political relevance (although it remains a common part of noble names as well). Notably in South Asia it has become a part of many South Asian Muslim names, especially when Pashtun descent is claimed.
During the Russian Civil War following the Bolshevik takeover of 1917, White general Roman Ungern von Sternberg, who, admittedly was trying to reconstitute the empire of Genghis Khan, was often styled as "Ungern Khan" between 1919 and his death in 1921.
Khan-related terms
Khanzadeh () – a prince, khan's son Khanbikeh () – a queen, khan's wife
Other Meaning
The title khan influenced Iran and the Muslim countries in Central Asia, but in Arab World (the origin of Islam), khan is the word for "inn" (its first use was applied to "inn for the caravans").
See also
Notes
Sources and references
Category:Monarchy Category:Feudalism Category:Heads of state Category:Military ranks Category:Royal titles Category:Noble titles Category:Titles in Afghanistan Category:Titles in India Category:Titles in Pakistan Category:Titles in Iran Category:Turkish titles Category:Titles of national or ethnic leadership Category:Words of Turkish origin Category:Men's social titles
ar:خان an:Khan ast:Kan (títulu) az:Xan bn:খান bg:Кан (титла) ca:Khan cv:Хан (титул) cs:Chán da:Khan de:Khan et:Khaan el:Χαν es:Kan fa:خان (لقب) fr:Khan ko:칸 (칭호) it:Khan he:ח'אן (תואר) sw:Khan la:Chanis lv:Hans mr:खान (पदवी) nl:Kan (titel) new:खन ja:ハーン no:Khan nn:Khan pl:Chan (władca) pt:Cã ru:Хан (титул) simple:Khan (title) sr:Кан (титула) fi:Kaani sv:Khan tt:Хан tr:Kağan uk:Хан (титул) vi:Hãn zh-yue:可汗 zh:可汗This text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
