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Devaki Nandan Khatri
Devaki Nandan Khatri (1861-1913) was the first author of mystery novels in Hindi. He wrote Chandrakanta, Chandrakanta Santati, Kajar ki Kothari, Narendra-Mohini, Kusum Kumari, Virendra Veer, Gupt Godna, Katora Bhar Khoon and Bhootnath. He is also known as Babu Devakinandan Khatri. Bhootnath was incomplete and completed by his son, Durga Prasad Khatri, who also wrote the concluding volumes of Bhootnath saga as Rohtasmath
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Jaishankar Prasad
Jaishankar Prasad (Hindi: जय शंकर प्रसाद) (January 30, 1889 January 14, 1937), one of the most famous figures in modern Hindi literature.
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Mahadevi Varma
Mahadevi Varma (, 26 March 1907– September 11, 1987) best known as outstanding Hindi poet, was also a freedom fighter, woman's activist and educationist. She was also a famous poet of Hindi Kavi Sammelan. She is widely regarded as the "modern Meera". She was a major poet of the Chhayavaad generation, a period of romanticism in Modern Hindi poetry ranging from 1914-1938. With passage of time, her limited but outstanding prose has also being recognised as unique in Hindi Literature.
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Saadat Hasan Manto
Saadat Hassan Manto () (May 11, 1912 – January 18, 1955) was a short story writer of Kashmiri heritage. He is best known for his short stories , 'Bu' (Odour), 'Khol Do' (Open It), 'Thanda Gosht' (Cold Meat), and his magnum opus, Toba Tek Singh'.
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Sumitranandan Pant
Sumitranandan Pant () (May 20, 1900 December 28, 1977) was one of the most famous modern Hindi poets. He is considered one of the major poets of the Chhayavaadi school of Hindi literature. Pant mostly wrote in Sanskritized Hindi. Pant authored twenty eight published works including poetry, verse plays and essays.
http://wn.com/Sumitranandan_Pant
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Canada () is a country in North America, extending from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west and northward into the Arctic Ocean. It is the world's second largest country by total area. Canada's common border with the United States to the south and northwest is the longest in the world.
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Chhattisgarh (Chhattisgarhi/Hindi: छत्तीसगढ़, ) is a state in central India, formed when the sixteen Chhattisgarhi-speaking southeastern districts of Madhya Pradesh gained statehood on 1 November 2000.
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Delhi, known locally as Dilli (, , {{Lang-ur| '), and by the official name National Capital Territory of Delhi''' (NCT), is the largest metropolis by area and the second-largest metropolis by population in India. It is the eighth largest metropolis in the world by population with more than 12.25 million inhabitants in the territory and with nearly 22.2 million residents in the National Capital Region urban area (which also includes Noida, Gurgaon, Greater Noida, Faridabad and Ghaziabad). The name Delhi is often also used to include some urban areas near the NCT, as well as to refer to New Delhi, the capital of India, which lies within the metropolis. The NCT is a federally administered union territory.
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Haryana (, , , ) is a state in India. Historically, it has been a part of the Kuru region in North India. The name Haryana is found mentioned in the 12th century AD by the apabhramsha writer Vibudh Shridhar (VS 1189-1230). It is bordered by Punjab and Himachal Pradesh to the north, and by Rajasthan to the west and south. The river Yamuna defines its eastern border with Uttarakhand and Uttar Pradesh. Haryana also surrounds Delhi on three sides, forming the northern, western and southern borders of Delhi. Consequently, a large area of Haryana is included in the National Capital Region. The capital of the state is Chandigarh which is administered as a union territory and is also the capital of Punjab. The name Haryana means the Abode of God from Sanskrit Hari (the Hindu God Vishnu) and ayana (home), although it may also refer to the lush green landscape of the state (from Sanskrit harit meaning green).
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Himachal Pradesh (Hindi: हिमाचल प्रदेश ) is a state in Northern India. It is spread over 21,495 sq mi (55,673 km²), and is bordered by the Indian states of Jammu and Kashmir on the north, Punjab on the west and south-west, Haryana and Uttar Pradesh on the south, Uttarakhand on the south-east and by the Tibet Autonomous Region on the east. The literal meaning of Himachal Pradesh is Region of snowy mountains.
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India (), officially the Republic of India ( ; see also official names of India), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.18 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world. Mainland India is bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the west, and the Bay of Bengal on the east; and it is bordered by Pakistan to the west; Bhutan, the People's Republic of China and Nepal to the north; and Bangladesh and Burma to the east. In the Indian Ocean, mainland India and the Lakshadweep Islands are in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives, while India's Andaman and Nicobar Islands share maritime border with Thailand and the Indonesian island of Sumatra in the Andaman Sea. India has a coastline of .
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Jharkhand (, pronounced ) is a state in eastern India. It was carved out of the southern part of Bihar on 15 November 2000. Jharkhand shares its border with the states of Bihar to the north, Uttar Pradesh and Chhattisgarh to the west, Orissa to the south, and West Bengal to the east. It has an area of 28,833 sq mi (74,677 km²).
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Madhya Pradesh (Hindī: मध्य प्रदेश, pronounced "Central Province"; abbreviated MP), often called the Heart of India, is a state in central India. Its capital is Bhopal.
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Malaysia (pronounced or ) is a federal constitutional monarchy in Southeast Asia. It consists of thirteen states and three federal territories and has a total landmass of . The country is separated by the South China Sea into two regions, Peninsular Malaysia and Malaysian Borneo (also known as West and East Malaysia respectively). Malaysia shares land borders with Thailand, Indonesia, and Brunei and has maritime boundaries with Singapore, Vietnam, and the Philippines. The capital city is Kuala Lumpur, while Putrajaya is the seat of the federal government. The population as of 2009 stood at over 28 million.
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Mauritius (; Mauritian Creole: Moris; , ) officially the Republic of Mauritius (Mauritian Creole: Republik Moris; ) is an island nation off the southeast coast of the African continent in the southwest Indian Ocean, about east of Madagascar. In addition to the island of Mauritius, the Republic includes the islands of Cargados Carajos, Rodrigues and the Agalega Islands. Mauritius Island is part of the Mascarene Islands, with the French island of Réunion to the southwest and the island of Rodrigues to the northeast.
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The Mughal Empire (, ; Urdu: ; self-designation: , ), or Mogul (also Moghul) Empire in former English usage, was an Indian-Islamic power that ruled a large portion of the Indian subcontinent which began in 1526, invaded and ruled most of South Asia by the late 17th and early 18th centuries and ended in the mid-19th century.
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{{Infobox Country
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Rājasthān (, ) is the largest state of the Republic of India by area. It encompasses most of the area of the large, inhospitable Great Indian Desert (Thar Desert), which has an edge paralleling the Sutlej-Indus river valley along its border with Pakistan. The state borders Pakistan to the west, Gujarat to the southwest, Madhya Pradesh to the southeast, Uttar Pradesh and Haryana to the northeast and Punjab to the north. Rajasthan covers an area of 132,150 sq mi or 342,239 km². The proportion of the state's total area to the total area of the country is 10.41 per cent.
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The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (), commonly known as Saudi Arabia, occasionally spelled '''Sa'udi Arabia''', is the largest Arab country of the Middle East. It is bordered by Jordan and Iraq on the north and northeast, Kuwait, Qatar, Bahrain and the United Arab Emirates on the east, Oman on the southeast, and Yemen on the south. The Persian Gulf lies to the northeast and the Red Sea to its west. It has an estimated population of 28 million, and its size is approximately . The kingdom is sometimes called "The Land of the Two Holy Mosques" in reference to Mecca and Medina, the two holiest places in Islam. The two mosques are Masjid al-Haram (in Mecca) and Masjid Al-Nabawi (in Medina). The current kingdom was founded by Abdul-Aziz bin Saud, whose efforts began in 1902 when he captured the Al-Saud’s ancestral home of Riyadh, and culminated in 1932 with the proclamation and recognition of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, though its national origins go back as far as 1744 with the establishment of the First Saudi State. Saudi Arabia's government takes the form of an Islamic absolute monarchy. Human rights groups such as Amnesty International and Human Rights Watch have repeatedly expressed concern about the state of human rights in Saudi Arabia.
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The Republic of South Africa is a country located at the southern tip of Africa, with a coastline on the Atlantic and Indian Oceans. To the north lie Namibia, Botswana and Zimbabwe; to the east are Mozambique and Swaziland; while Lesotho is an independent country wholly surrounded by South African territory.
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The Republic of Uganda ( or ) is a landlocked country in East Africa. It is bordered on the east by Kenya, on the north by Sudan, on the west by the Democratic Republic of the Congo, on the southwest by Rwanda, and on the south by Tanzania. The southern part of the country includes a substantial portion of Lake Victoria, which is also bordered by Kenya and Tanzania.
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The United Arab Emirates (UAE) (, , short name: The Emirates, local short name: Al Emarat الامارات) is a federation situated in the southeast of the Arabian Peninsula in Southwest Asia on the Persian Gulf, bordering Oman and Saudi Arabia and sharing sea borders with Iraq, Kuwait, Bahrain, Qatar and Iran. The UAE consists of seven states, termed emirates, (because they are ruled by Emirs) which are Abu Dhabi, Dubai, Sharjah, Ajman, Umm al-Quwain, Ras al-Khaimah and Fujairah. The capital and second largest city of the United Arab Emirates is Abu Dhabi. It is also the country's center of political, industrial, and cultural activities.
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Uttar Pradesh (, {{Lang-ur|), pronounced , "Northern Province"), often referred to as U.P., is a state located in the northern part of India. With a population of over 190 million people,
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Uttarakhand (, उत्तराखण्ड Uttarākhanḍ) is a state located in the northern part of India. Known for its natural beauty, it was carved out of Himalayan and adjoining districts of Uttar Pradesh on 9 November 2000, becoming the 27th state of the Republic of India. It borders the Tibet Autonomous Region on the north, Nepal on the east and the Indian states of Uttar Pradesh to the south, Haryana to the west and Himachal Pradesh to the north west.
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THE STAND UP
Releases by album:
Album releases
The Stands
Releases by album:
Album releases
Horse Fabulous
(Released 2005)
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Turn the World Around
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Soon Come
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Just Enough Love
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I Will Journey Home
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Back to You
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Mountains Blue and the World Through My Window
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Nearer Than Green
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When the Night Falls In
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Bluer Than Blue
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Do It Like You Like
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You Said
All Years Leaving
(Released 2004)
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I've Waited So Long
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All Years Leaving
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Outside Your Door
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When This River Rolls Over You
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It's Only Everything
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Always Is the Same / Shine On
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Here She Comes Again
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The Big Parade
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The Love You Give
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I Need You
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Some Weekend Night
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The Way She Does
Who Stands?
Releases by album:
Album releases
For the Love of God
(Released 2003)
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You're the Reason
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Ride
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I Love You Lord
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Believe It or Not
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Tower
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The Only One
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Superman
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God III
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Alleluia
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I Can't Wait for Heaven
Stand Down
Releases by album:
Album releases
Album releases
Horse Fabulous (Released 2005)
- Turn the World Around
- Soon Come
- Just Enough Love
- I Will Journey Home
- Back to You
- Mountains Blue and the World Through My Window
- Nearer Than Green
- When the Night Falls In
- Bluer Than Blue
- Do It Like You Like
- You Said
All Years Leaving (Released 2004)
- I've Waited So Long
- All Years Leaving
- Outside Your Door
- When This River Rolls Over You
- It's Only Everything
- Always Is the Same / Shine On
- Here She Comes Again
- The Big Parade
- The Love You Give
- I Need You
- Some Weekend Night
- The Way She Does
Who Stands?
Releases by album:
Album releases
For the Love of God
(Released 2003)
-
You're the Reason
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Ride
-
I Love You Lord
-
Believe It or Not
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Tower
-
The Only One
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Superman
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God III
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Alleluia
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I Can't Wait for Heaven
Stand Down
Releases by album:
Album releases
Album releases


- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 10:26
- Published: 04 Mar 2009
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- Author: thatinha25

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- Duration: 6:01
- Published: 27 Jul 2008
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- Author: lilfishi89

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- Duration: 3:36
- Published: 16 Sep 2007
- Uploaded: 29 Nov 2011
- Author: rascalflattsofficial

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- Duration: 3:13
- Published: 23 Nov 2011
- Uploaded: 30 Nov 2011
- Author: nickelbacktv

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- Duration: 7:13
- Published: 15 Jul 2011
- Uploaded: 30 Nov 2011
- Author: lennykravitz

- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:59
- Published: 29 Dec 2008
- Uploaded: 29 Nov 2011
- Author: Adriancit0

- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:17
- Published: 11 Sep 2006
- Uploaded: 29 Nov 2011
- Author: marijuanita

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- Duration: 2:22
- Published: 09 Dec 2008
- Uploaded: 27 Nov 2011
- Author: Eagle13Eric

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- Duration: 3:20
- Published: 14 Jun 2011
- Uploaded: 30 Nov 2011
- Author: lennykravitz

- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:29
- Published: 11 Dec 2010
- Uploaded: 30 Nov 2011
- Author: RascalFlattsVEVO

- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:41
- Published: 22 Jan 2008
- Uploaded: 28 Nov 2011
- Author: Idinamenzel

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- Duration: 3:09
- Published: 28 Mar 2009
- Uploaded: 29 Nov 2011
- Author: PerryCoxPF93

- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:27
- Published: 07 Nov 2008
- Uploaded: 29 Nov 2011
- Author: PlayingForChange

- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:12
- Published: 14 Jan 2009
- Uploaded: 27 Nov 2011
- Author: brunette427

- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:59
- Published: 29 Feb 2008
- Uploaded: 30 Nov 2011
- Author: oasisinetofficial

- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:42
- Published: 02 Aug 2011
- Uploaded: 30 Nov 2011
- Author: warnermusicde


- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:45
- Published: 17 Dec 2007
- Uploaded: 29 Nov 2011
- Author: apostolicreturns
![The Stand-Hillsong United-[With lyrics] The Stand-Hillsong United-[With lyrics]](http://web.archive.org./web/20111212022019im_/http://i.ytimg.com/vi/xd8KIt5rLWg/0.jpg)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:15
- Published: 20 Dec 2008
- Uploaded: 30 Nov 2011
- Author: skyranger11

- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:56
- Published: 25 Jun 2006
- Uploaded: 29 Nov 2011
- Author: kyokushin4

- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:01
- Published: 14 Jun 2008
- Uploaded: 29 Nov 2011
- Author: mymusicvideos1991

- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:55
- Published: 07 Oct 2009
- Uploaded: 30 Nov 2011
- Author: GodsmackVEVO




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Forget Embassy Wars, the Real War Is Over Memory WorldNews.com
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Iraq: A war of muddled goals, painful sacrifice Springfield News-Sun
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Iran files complaint over purported US drone Al Jazeera
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Russians stage mass protests against Putin, polls The Star
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Defense Authorization Act Will Destroy The Bill Of Rights WorldNews.com
- 1954
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- Devanagari script
- dialect continuum
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- Ethnologue
- first language
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Name | Standard Hindi |
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Nativename | Mānak Hindī |
Imagecaption | The word "Hindi" in Devanagari script |
Familycolor | Indo-European |
States | India, Mauritius and significant communities in USA, UK, Saudi Arabia, Malaysia, Singapore, United Arab Emirates, Australia, Myanmar, Canada, Nepal, Afghanistan, South Africa, Uganda, New Zealand |
Speakers | 180 million native in 1991 |
Fam2 | Indo-Iranian |
Fam3 | Indo-Aryan |
Fam4 | Central zone |
Fam5 | Western Hindi |
Fam6 | Khariboli |
Fam7 | Hindustani |
Script | Devanagari |
Nation | |
Agency | Central Hindi Directorate (India) |
Iso1 | hi |
Iso2 | hin |
Linglist | hin-hin |
Lingua | 59-AAF-q (with Urdu,including 58 varieties: 59-AAF-qaa to 59-AAF-qil) |
Notice | Indic}} |
Modern Hindi is mutually intelligible with the alternative register of the Hindustani language called Urdu. Mutual intelligibility decreases in literary and specialized contexts which rely on educated vocabulary. Because of religious nationalism since the partition of British India and continued communal tensions, native speakers of both Hindi and Urdu frequently assert them to be completely distinct languages, despite the fact that they generally cannot tell the colloquial languages apart. The combined population of Hindi and Urdu speakers is the fourth largest in the world. However, the number of native speakers of Standard Hindi is still ambiguous. According to the 2001 Indian census, 258 million people in India regarded their native language to be "Hindi". However, this includes large numbers of speakers of Hindi dialects besides Standard Hindi; as of 2009, the best figure Ethnologue could find for Khariboli Hindi was a dated 1991 figure of 180 million. Hindi is also enumerated as one of the twenty-two languages of the Eighth Schedule of the Constitution of India, which entitles it to representation on the Official Language Commission. The Constitution of India has stipulated the usage of Hindi and English to be the two languages of communication for the Central Government. Most of government documentation is prepared in three languages English, Hindi and the local state language.
It was envisioned that Hindi would become the sole working language of the central government by 1965 (per directives in Article 344 (2) and Article 351), with state governments being free to function in languages of their own choice. However, widespread resistance movements to the imposition of Hindi on non-native speakers, of especially the people living in south India (such as the Anti-Hindi agitations of Tamil Nadu) led to the passage of the Official Languages Act (1963), which provided for the continued use of English, indefinitely, for all official purposes. Therefore, English is still used in official documents, in courts, etc. However, the constitutional directive to the central government to champion the spread of Hindi was retained and has strongly influenced the policies of the Union government.
At the state level, Hindi is the official language of the following states in India: Arunachal Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand, Uttarakhand, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Himachal Pradesh, Haryana, Delhi and Himachal Pradesh. Each of these states may also designate a "co-official language"; in Uttar Pradesh for instance, depending on the political formation in power, sometimes this language is Urdu. Similarly, Hindi is accorded the status of co-official language in several states.
History
The dialect upon which Standard Hindi is based is khariboli, the vernacular of the Delhi and Uttar Pradesh region. This dialect acquired linguistic prestige in the Mughal Empire (17th century) and became known as Urdu, "the language of the court." After independence, the Government of India set about standardising Hindi as a separate language from Urdu, instituting the following conventions:
Alphabet and vocabulary
Standard Hindi derives much of its formal and technical vocabulary from Sanskrit. Standard or shuddh ("pure") Hindi is used only in public addresses and radio or TV news, while the everyday spoken language in most areas is one of several varieties of Hindustani, whose vocabulary contains many words drawn from Persian and Arabic. In addition, spoken Hindi includes words from English and other languages as well. Actual Hindi (Devanagari) is spoken in the state of UP, Bihar, Rajasthan, Himachal Pradesh, MP, Chattisgarh, Jharkhand etc. Other states like Punjab, WestBengal, Orissa speak/use Hindi beside of their regional/state language. All over North, Central, East & West Indians use Hindi vastly. However, the literary registers differ substantially in borrowed vocabulary; in highly formal situations, the languages are barely intelligible to speakers of the other. Hindi has looked to Sanskrit for borrowings from at least the 19th century, and Urdu has looked to Persian and Arabic for borrowings from the eighteenth century. On another dimension, Hindi is associated with the Hindu community and Urdu with the Muslim community though this is much more a twentieth century phenomenon when the political impetus to actively distinguish Hindi from Urdu gathered pace amongst the educated Hindus driving this change. Prior to this it was the norm for both educated Hindu and Muslim Indians to be fluent in Urdu.
There are five principal categories of words in Standard Hindi: Tatsam (तत्सम् / same as that) words: These are words which are spelled the same in Hindi as in Sanskrit (except for the absence of final case inflections). They include words inherited from Sanskrit via Prakrit which have survived without modification (e.g. Hindustani nām/Sanskrit nāma, "name"), as well as forms borrowed directly from Sanskrit in more modern times (e.g. prārthanā, "prayer"). Pronunciation, however, conforms to Hindi norms and may differ from that of classical Sanskrit. Among nouns, the tatsam word could be the Sanskrit uninflected word-stem, or it could be the nominative singular form in the Sanskrit nominal declension. Ardhātatsam (अर्धातात्सम्) words: These are words that were borrowed from Sanskrit in the middle Indo-Aryan or early New Indo-Aryan stages. Such words typically have undergone sound changes subsequent to being borrowed. Tadbhav (तद्भव / born of that) words: These are words which are spelled differently from Sanskrit but are derivable from a Sanskrit prototype by phonological rules (e.g. Sanskrit karma, "deed" becomes Pali kamma, and eventually Hindi kām, "work").
Similarly, Urdu treats its own vocabulary, borrowed directly from Persian and Arabic, as a separate category for morphological purposes.
Hindi from which most of the Persian, Arabic and English words have been ousted and replaced by tatsam words is called Shuddha Hindi (pure Hindi). Chiefly, the proponents of Hindutva ideology ("Hindu-ness") are vociferous supporters of Shuddha Hindi.
Excessive use of tatsam words sometimes creates problems for most native speakers. Strictly speaking, the tatsam words are words of Sanskrit and not of Hindi—thus they have complicated consonantal clusters which are not linguistically valid in Hindi. The educated middle class population of India can pronounce these words with ease, but people of rural backgrounds have much difficulty in pronouncing them. Similarly, vocabulary borrowed from Persian and Arabic also brings in its own consonantal clusters and "foreign" sounds, which may again cause difficulty in speaking them.
Literature
Hindi literature, is broadly divided into four prominent forms or styles, being Bhakti (devotional – Kabir, Raskhan); Shringar (beauty – Keshav, Bihari); Veer-Gatha (extolling brave warriors); and Adhunik (modern).
Medieval Hindi literature is marked by the influence of Bhakti movement and the composition of long, epic poems. It was not written in the current dialect but in other Hindi languages, particularly in Avadhi and Braj Bhasha, but later also in Khariboli. During the British Raj, Hindustani became the prestige dialect. Hindustani with heavily Sanskritized vocabulary or Sahityik Hindi (Literary Hindi) was popularized by the writings of Swami Dayananda Saraswati, Bhartendu Harishchandra and others. The rising numbers of newspapers and magazines made Hindustani popular among the educated people. Chandrakanta, written by Devaki Nandan Khatri, is considered the first authentic work of prose in modern Hindi. The person who brought realism in the Hindi prose literature was Munshi Premchand, who is considered as the most revered figure in the world of Hindi fiction and progressive movement......
The Dwivedi Yug ("Age of Dwivedi") in Hindi literature lasted from 1900 to 1918. It is named after Mahavir Prasad Dwivedi, who played a major role in establishing the Modern Hindi language in poetry and broadening the acceptable subjects of Hindi poetry from the traditional ones of religion and romantic love.
In the 20th century, Hindi literature saw a romantic upsurge. This is known as Chhayavaad (shadowism) and the literary figures belonging to this school are known as Chhayavaadi. Jaishankar Prasad, Suryakant Tripathi 'Nirala', Mahadevi Varma and Sumitranandan Pant, are the four major Chhayavaadi poets.
Uttar Adhunik is the post-modernist period of Hindi literature, marked by a questioning of early trends that copied the West as well as the excessive ornamentation of the Chhayavaadi movement, and by a return to simple language and natural themes.
Sample text
The following is a sample text in High Hindi, of the Article 1 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (by the United Nations): : 1 —
Transliteration (IAST): :
Transcription (IPA): :.
Gloss (word-to-word): :Article 1 — All human-beings to dignity and rights' matter in from-birth freedom and equality acquired is. Them to reason and conscience's endowment acquired is and always them to brotherhood's spirit with behaviour to do should.
Translation (grammatical): :Article 1 — All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.
Sanskritization
Under the Indian government's encouragement, the officially sponsored version of the Khari-boli dialect has undergone a sea-change after it was declared the language of central government functioning in 1950. A major change has been the Sanskritisation of Hindi (introduction of Sanskrit vocabulary in Khariboli). Three factors motivated this conscious bid to sanskritize Hindi, being:In its non-Sanskritized form, the Khariboli-based dialect is the normal and principal dialect used in the Hindi cinema. It is almost exclusively used in contemporary Hindi television serials, songs, education, and of course, in normal daily speech in almost all the urban regions of north India, wherever Hindi is also the state language. The rural dialect varies from region to region.
See also
References
Notes
Bibliography
Dictionaries
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Further reading
External links
ఘబబభయ
* Category:Hindustani Category:Indo-Aryan languages Category:Languages of India Hindi
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