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Al Letson
Al Letson is a poet, playwright, performer and is now host and executive producer of his own national radio show, State of the Re:Union. Letson avoided college in large part due to his dyslexia and the myriad challenges that the learning disorder presents in the academic world and instead became a student of his favorite poets and playwrights.
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Allman Brothers Band
http://wn.com/Allman_Brothers_Band -
Andrew Jackson
Andrew Jackson (March 15, 1767 – June 8, 1845) was the seventh President of the United States (1829–1837). He was military governor of pre-admission Florida (1821), commander of the American forces at the Battle of New Orleans (1815), and eponym of the era of Jacksonian democracy. A polarizing figure who dominated American politics in the 1820s and 1830s, his political ambition combined with widening political participation, shaping the modern Democratic Party.
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Arab
http://wn.com/Arab -
Cab Calloway
Cabell "Cab" Calloway III (December 25, 1907 – November 18, 1994) was an American jazz singer and bandleader.
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Claude Yates
Claude J. Yates (1916 - October 25, 1988), was a Jacksonville business executive in the 1960s who is known as the Father of Jacksonville’s consolidation.
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Duke Ellington
Edward Kennedy "Duke" Ellington (April 29, 1899 – May 24, 1974) was a composer, pianist, and big band leader.
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Ella Fitzgerald
Ella Jane Fitzgerald (April 25, 1917 – June 15, 1996) also known as the "First Lady of Song" and "Lady Ella," was an American jazz and song vocalist. With a vocal range spanning three octaves (Db3 to Db6), she was noted for her purity of tone, impeccable diction, phrasing and intonation, and a "horn-like" improvisational ability, particularly in her scat singing.
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Grover Cleveland
Stephen Grover Cleveland (March 18, 1837 June 24, 1908) was the 22nd and 24th President of the United States. Cleveland is the only president to serve two non-consecutive terms (1885–1889 and 1893–1897) and therefore is the only individual to be counted twice in the numbering of the presidents. He was the winner of the popular vote for president three times—in 1884, 1888, and 1892—and was the only Democrat elected to the presidency in the era of Republican political domination that lasted from 1860 to 1912.
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Henry John Klutho
Henry John Klutho (1873–1964) was an American architect of the "Prairie School" style. He helped in the reconstruction of Jacksonville, Florida after the Great Fire of 1901—the largest-ever urban fire in the Southeast—by designing many of the new buildings built after the disaster. This period lasted until the beginning of World War I. Several Jacksonville architects began their careers in the offices of Klutho's firm.
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Isaiah Hart
Isaiah David Hart (November 6, 1792 – 1861) was an American plantation owner and the founder of Jacksonville, Florida. Originally from Georgia, he began setting out the plans for the town in 1822 after moving to the area named Cowford. The Isaiah D. Hart Bridge over the St. Johns River in Jacksonville is named after him.
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J. J. Daniel
Jaquelin James Daniel (1916–1990), known professionally as J. J. Daniel, was an American lawyer, businessman, civic leader and newspaper publisher. Mostly forgotten in Jacksonville, Florida, where he was born and lived for most of his adulthood, he was once once of its most powerful people.
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Jews
:For the Jewish way of life, including religion, law, culture, and philosophy, see Judaism. "Jew" redirects here; for other uses, see Jew (disambiguation).
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John Delaney
John Adrian Delaney (born June 29, 1956) is an American lawyer, politician and university administrator. He currently serves as the president of the University of North Florida. A member of the Republican Party, he served as mayor of Jacksonville, Florida from 1995 to 2003. In addition he also served as interim chancellor of the State University System of Florida.
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JTA Skyway
The JTA Skyway is a monorail in Jacksonville, Florida, in the United States. It is operated by the Jacksonville Transportation Authority. The course of its track includes the Acosta Bridge, spanning the St. Johns River, which divides downtown Jacksonville. Each train is automated by ATC (Automatic Train Control), can have two to six cars, and travels at up to per hour. Fare between any of its eight stations is 50 cents.
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Liaoning
() is a northeastern province of the People's Republic of China. Its one-character abbreviation is Liao (辽 pinyin: liáo).
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Louis Armstrong
Louis Daniel Armstrong (August 4, 1901 – July 6, 1971), nicknamed Satchmo or Pops, was an American jazz trumpeter and singer from New Orleans, Louisiana.
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Mocama
The Mocama were a Native American people who lived in the coastal areas of what are now northern Florida and southeastern Georgia. A Timucua group, they spoke the dialect known as Mocama, the best-attested dialect of the Timucua language. Their territory extended from south of the mouth of the St. Johns River in present-day Jacksonville to the Altamaha River in Georgia, and covered the Sea Islands and the inland waterways, including the Intracoastal. At the time of contact with Europeans, there were two major chiefdoms among the Mocama, the Saturiwa and the Tacatacuru, each of which evidently had authority over multiple villages.
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Native Alaskan
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Native Hawaiian
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Non-Hispanic Whites
The terms Non-Hispanic Whites or White, Not Hispanic refers to people in the United States, as defined by the Census Bureau, who are of the white race but not of Hispanic or Latino origin/ethnicity. They are of white race from colonial origin, Europe, North Africa, Middle East, South Asia,Canada, Africa, Australia, and New Zealand. The majority of Hispanic and Latino Americans are white; like the overall non-Hispanic population of the United States, Hispanics and Latinos can be of any race: white, black, Asian, etc, as race and ethnicity are considered independent of each other. Since the population of descendants of people from Spain in the United States is vastly outnumbered by those from Spain's former colonies, the Non-Hispanic White category can also be effectively used to give a good estimate of the directly descended European population in the United States (European Americans).
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people mover
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Pre-Columbian
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Ray Charles
Ray Charles Robinson (September 23, 1930June 10, 2004), better known by his shortened stage name Ray Charles, was an American musician. Ray was a pioneer in the genre of soul music during the 1950s by fusing rhythm & blues, gospel, and blues styles into his early recordings with Atlantic Records. He also helped racially integrate country and pop music during the 1960s with his crossover success on ABC Records, most notably with his Modern Sounds albums. While with ABC, Charles became one of the first African-American musicians to be given artistic control by a mainstream record company.
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Ronnie Van Zant
Ronald Wayne "Ronnie" Van Zant (January 15, 1948 – October 20, 1977) was the lead vocalist, primary lyricist, and a founding member of the Southern rock band Lynyrd Skynyrd. He was the older brother of the founder and vocalist of 38 Special, Donnie Van Zant, and of current Lynyrd Skynyrd lead vocalist Johnny Van Zant.
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Seminole
The Seminole are a Native American tribe originally of Florida, who now reside primarily in that state and Oklahoma. The Seminole nation emerged in a process of ethnogenesis out of groups of Native Americans, most significantly Creeks from what is now Georgia and Alabama, who settled in Florida in the early 18th century. The word Seminole is a corruption of cimarrón, a Spanish term for "runaway" or "wild one", historically used for certain Indian groups in Florida. The Seminole are closely related to the Miccosukee, who were recognized as a separate tribe in 1962.
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Steve Gaines
Steven Earl Gaines (September 14, 1949 – October 20, 1977) was an American musician. He is most well-known as a guitarist and songwriter for southern rock band Lynyrd Skynyrd, and is the younger brother of Cassie Gaines, who was also a member of the band. He was born on the same day as Ed King, whom he would replace as a guitarist for Lynyrd Skynyrd in 1976.
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Timucua
The Timucua were a Native American people who lived in Northeast and North Central Florida and southeast Georgia. They were the largest indigenous group in that area and consisted of about 35 chiefdoms, many leading thousands of people. The various groups of Timucua spoke several dialects of the Timucua language. At the time of European first contact, the territory occupied by speakers of Timucuan dialects occupied about 19,200 square miles, and was home to approximately 200,000 people. It stretched from the Altamaha River and Cumberland Island in present-day Georgia as far south as Lake George in central Florida, and from the Atlantic Ocean west to the Aucilla River in the Florida Panhandle, though it reached the Gulf of Mexico at no more than a couple of points.
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W. Haydon Burns
William Haydon Burns (March 17, 1912 – November 22, 1987) was the 35th Governor of Florida from 1965 to 1967. He was also mayor of the city of Jacksonville from 1949 to 1965.
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Wayne Weaver
J. Wayne Weaver (born January 13, 1935) is the majority owner of the Jacksonville Jaguars franchise of the National Football League. He built the wealth that allowed him to purchase the expansion franchise as the owner of the shoe store chains Shoe Carnival and Nine West.
http://wn.com/Wayne_Weaver
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Adventure Landing
Adventure Landing is a group of amusement parks located in Florida, New York, North Carolina and Texas. The first park was opened in Jacksonville Beach, Florida in 1995 by Adventure Entertainment Company. It was a success and nine other parks were constructed.
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Argentina
Argentina (), officially the Argentine Republic (, ), is the second largest country in South America, constituted as a federation of 23 provinces and an autonomous city, Buenos Aires. It is the eighth-largest country in the world by land area and the largest among Spanish-speaking nations, though Mexico, Colombia and Spain are more populous.
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Bahamas
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Bahía Blanca
Bahía Blanca is a city located in the south-west of the province of Buenos Aires, Argentina, by the Atlantic Ocean, and seat of government of Bahía Blanca Partido. It has a population of 274,509 inhabitants according to the . It is the main city in the larger Greater Bahía Blanca urban agglomeration.
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Baldwin, Florida
Baldwin is a town in Duval County, Florida, United States. When the majority of communities in Duval County consolidated with Jacksonville, Florida in 1968, Baldwin, along with Jacksonville Beach, Atlantic Beach, and Neptune Beach, Florida, remained quasi-independent. Like the other towns, it maintains its own municipal government but its residents vote in the Jacksonville mayoral election and vote for the Jacksonville city council; unlike the others Baldwin no longer supports its own police force. The population was 1,634 at the 2000 census.
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Baptist Health
Baptist Health, based in Jacksonville, Florida, is a network of five hospitals, affiliated with 34 primary care offices located throughout Northeast Florida and Southeast Georgia. All Baptist Hospitals have the MAGNET designation, the highest honor a health care organization can receive for excellence in patient care.
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Bolles School
The Bolles School of Jacksonville, Florida is an internationally known co-educational college preparatory day and boarding school serving grades Pre-K through 12. In 2007, the school celebrated its 75th anniversary. The school's mascot is the bulldog and its colors are orange and blue.
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Brazil
Brazil (; , ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (, ), is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population. It is the only Portuguese-speaking country in the Americas and the largest lusophone country in the world.
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Changwon
Changwon is a city in and the capital of Gyeongsangnam-do in South Korea.
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Clay County, Florida
Clay County is a county located in the U.S. state of Florida. As of 2000, the population was 140,814. The U.S. Census Bureau 2008 estimate for the county is 184,727. Its county seat is Green Cove Springs, Florida. Clay County is part of the Greater Jacksonville Metropolitan area.
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Curitiba
Curitiba (Tupi-Guarani: "Pine Nut Land", or ) is the capital and largest-city of the Brazilian state of Paraná. The city has the largest population, the largest economy in the State and also in southern Brazil. According to the American magazine Reader's Digest, Curitiba is the best place to live in Brazil.
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Five Points Theatre
Five Points Theatre, formerly known as Riverside Theater, is a movie theater located in the Five Points area of Jacksonville, Florida. The theatre first opened in March 1927 at the height of development of Jacksonville's Riverside neighborhood. When the theater began showing talking pictures, it was the first in the state and only two other facilities did so in the United States.
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Flagler College
Flagler College, often abbreviated as Flagler, is a private four-year liberal arts college in St. Augustine, Florida, USA and celebrated its 40th anniversary in 2008.
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Fletcher High School
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Florida
Florida () is a state of the United States. It is located in the Southeastern United States, bordering Alabama to the northwest and Georgia to the north. Much of the state's land mass is a large peninsula with the Gulf of Mexico to the west, the Atlantic Ocean to the east and the Caribbean to the south. Florida was admitted as the 27th U.S. state in 1845, after a three hundred year period of European colonization.
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France
{{Infobox Country
http://wn.com/France -
Friendship Fountain
Friendship Fountain on the Southbank Riverwalk is one of Jacksonville, Florida’s most recognizable and popular attractions for locals as well as tourists. It is located in St. Johns River Park (aka Friendship Park), just west of Main Street.
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Georgia (U.S. state)
Georgia () is a state located in the southeastern United States. Georgia was established in 1732, the last of the original Thirteen Colonies. Georgia was the fourth state to ratify the United States Constitution, on January 2, 1788. It declared its secession from the Union on January 21, 1861, and was one of the original seven Confederate states. It was the last state to be restored to the Union, on July 15, 1870 and the only among the 13 that is explicitly named after a monarch; King George II of England.
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Herlong Airport
Herlong Airport is a public airport located eight miles (13 km) southwest of the central business district of Jacksonville, a city in Duval County, Florida, United States. Although most U.S. airports use the same three-letter location identifier for the FAA and IATA, Herlong Airport is assigned HEG by the FAA but has no designation from the IATA.
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Hodges Stadium
Hodges Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium in Jacksonville, Florida on the campus of the University of North Florida. It is home to the North Florida Ospreys soccer and athletics teams. It is also used as the home ground for the local Minor League Football team the Jacksonville Knights as well as rugby league team the Jacksonville Axemen.
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Jacksonville Landing
The Jacksonville Landing is a 125,000 ft2 shopping and dining complex in Jacksonville, Florida. It has been compared to New York City's South Street Seaport, Boston's Faneuil Hall or Miami's Bayside. all developed by the Rouse Company.
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JTA Skyway
The JTA Skyway is a monorail in Jacksonville, Florida, in the United States. It is operated by the Jacksonville Transportation Authority. The course of its track includes the Acosta Bridge, spanning the St. Johns River, which divides downtown Jacksonville. Each train is automated by ATC (Automatic Train Control), can have two to six cars, and travels at up to per hour. Fare between any of its eight stations is 50 cents.
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Key West, Florida
Key West is a city in Monroe County, Florida, United States. The city encompasses the island of Key West, the part of Stock Island north of U.S. 1 (the Overseas Highway) (east), Sigsbee Park (north, originally known as Dredgers Key), Fleming Key (north), and Sunset Key (west, originally known as Tank Island). Both Fleming Key and Sigsbee Park are part of Naval Air Station Key West and are inaccessible by civilians. Key West is the county seat of Monroe County. Key West is known as the southernmost city in the Continental United States. It is also the southern terminus of U.S. 1, State Road A1A, the East Coast Greenway and before 1935, the Florida East Coast Railway.
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LaVilla Museum
The LaVilla Museum is a museum of African American history and culture located in the 1929 Ritz Theater in Jacksonville, Florida.
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Liaoning
() is a northeastern province of the People's Republic of China. Its one-character abbreviation is Liao (辽 pinyin: liáo).
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Mandarin High School
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Mayport Ferry
The Saint Johns River Ferry, also known as the Mayport Ferry, is an auto ferry between Mayport and Fort George Island, two areas within Jacksonville, Florida. The 0.9 mile voyage crosses the Saint Johns River about 2.5 miles inland of the river's mouth and travels in an east-west direction for approximately 2000 feet on Florida State Road A1A. It departs every half hour.
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Mexico
Mexico, (pronounced ; ), officially known as the United Mexican States (), is a federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of Mexico. Covering almost 2 million square kilometres (over 760,000 sq mi), Mexico is the fifth-largest country in the Americas by total area and the 14th largest independent nation in the world. With an estimated population of 111 million, it is the 11th most populous country and the most populous Hispanophone country on Earth. Mexico is a federation comprising thirty-one states and a Federal District, the capital city.
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Miami
Miami ( or ) is a major city located on the Atlantic coast in southeastern Florida and the county seat of Miami-Dade County, the most populous county in Florida, and the eighth-most populous county in the United States, with a population of 2,500,625. The 42nd largest city in the United States, with a population of 433,136, it is the principal, central and most populous city of the South Florida metropolitan area. According to United Nations estimates, the Miami Urbanized Area was the fifth most populous urbanized area in the U.S. in 2000 with a population of 4,919,036, but in 2008 that number increased to 5,232,342, making it the fourth-largest urbanized area in the United States, behind New York City, Los Angeles, and Chicago.
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Murmansk
Murmansk (; ; ) is a city and seaport in the extreme north-west part of Russia, on the Kola Bay, from the Barents Sea on the northern shore of the Kola Peninsula, not far from Russia's borders with Norway and Finland.
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New York
New York (; locally or ) is a state in the Northeastern region of the United States. It is the nation's third most populous state. New York is bordered by New Jersey and Pennsylvania to the south, and by Connecticut, Massachusetts and Vermont to the east. The state has a maritime border with Rhode Island east of Long Island, as well as an international border with the Canadian provinces of Ontario to the north and west, and Quebec to the north. New York is often referred to as New York State to distinguish it from New York City.
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Norfolk, Virginia
Norfolk ( or ) is an independent city in the Commonwealth of Virginia in the United States. With a population of 237,764 as of the 2000 census, it is Virginia's second-largest city behind neighboring Virginia Beach.
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Orange Park, Florida
Orange Park is a town and suburb of Jacksonville in Clay County, Florida, USA. The population was 9,081 at the 2000 census. According to the U.S. Census Bureau's 2004 estimates, the town had grown to 9,243. Technically there are well over 100,000 residents with Orange Park listed as their address, for it is used for all residents living in Fleming Island, Lakeside, and Bellair-Meadowbrook Terrace, making it one of the largest suburbs of Jacksonville.
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Puerto Rico
Puerto Rico ( or ), officially the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico ( — literally Associated Free State of Puerto Rico), is an unincorporated territory of the United States, located in the northeastern Caribbean Sea, east of the Dominican Republic and west of the Virgin Islands.
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Russia
Russia (; ), also officially known as the Russian Federation (), is a state in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects. From northwest to southeast, Russia shares borders with Norway, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland (both via Kaliningrad Oblast), Belarus, Ukraine, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, the People's Republic of China, Mongolia, and North Korea. It also has maritime borders with Japan by the Sea of Okhotsk and the United States by the Bering Strait. At , Russia is the largest country in the world, covering more than a ninth of the Earth's land area. Russia is also the ninth most populous nation with 142 million people. It extends across the whole of northern Asia and 40% of Europe, spanning 9 time zones and incorporating a wide range of environments and landforms. Russia has the world's largest reserves of mineral and energy resources. It has the world's largest forest reserves and its lakes contain approximately one-quarter of the world's fresh water.
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San Antonio
The City of San Antonio () is the second-largest city in the American state of Texas and the seventh-largest city in the United States with a population of 1.4 million. The city is the seat of Bexar County. Located in the and the northern part of , San Antonio is the center of Tejano culture and Texas tourism. The city is characteristic of other Southwest urban centers in which there are sparsely populated areas and a low density rate outside of the city. It was the fourth-fastest growing large city in the nation from 2000 to 2006 and the fifth-fastest-growing from 2007 to 2008. The metropolitan area has a population of nearly 2.1 million based on the 2009 U.S. Census estimate, making it the 28th-largest metropolitan area in the U.S and third in Texas.
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Savannah, Georgia
Savannah is the largest city and county seat of Chatham County, in the U.S. state of Georgia. The city of Savannah was established in 1733 and was the colonial capital of the Province of Georgia and later the first state capital of Georgia. Today Savannah is an industrial center and an important Atlantic seaport.
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South Africa
The Republic of South Africa is a country located at the southern tip of Africa, with a coastline on the Atlantic and Indian Oceans. To the north lie Namibia, Botswana and Zimbabwe; to the east are Mozambique and Swaziland; while Lesotho is an independent country wholly surrounded by South African territory.
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South Korea
South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea (ROK, , ) and sometimes referred to simply as Korea, is a state in East Asia, located on the southern portion of the Korean Peninsula. It is neighbored by the People's Republic of China to the west, Japan to the east, and North Korea to the north. Its capital is Seoul. South Korea lies in a temperate climate region with a predominantly mountainous terrain. Its territory covers a total area of 99,392 square kilometers and has a population of .
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Spain
Spain ( ; , ), officially the Kingdom of Spain (), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Its mainland is bordered to the south and east by the Mediterranean Sea except for a small land boundary with the British Overseas Territory of Gibraltar; to the north by France, Andorra, and the Bay of Biscay; and to the northwest and west by the Atlantic Ocean and Portugal.
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state college
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United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK, or Britain) is a country and sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island nation, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of the island of Ireland, and many smaller islands. Northern Ireland is the only part of the UK with a land border with another sovereign state, sharing it with the Republic of Ireland. Apart from this land border, the UK is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, the North Sea, the English Channel and the Irish Sea. Great Britain is linked to continental Europe by the Channel Tunnel.
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United States
The United States of America (also referred to as the United States, the U.S., the USA, or America) is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its forty-eight contiguous states and Washington, D.C., the capital district, lie between the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, bordered by Canada to the north and Mexico to the south. The state of Alaska is in the northwest of the continent, with Canada to the east and Russia to the west across the Bering Strait. The state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific. The country also possesses several territories in the Caribbean and Pacific.
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Yingkou
Yingkou () is a prefecture-level city of Liaoning province, in northeastern China. It is a port city of the Bohai Sea. The Liao river (Liao He) goes to the sea at Yingkou.
http://wn.com/Yingkou
- 125th Fighter Wing
- 69 Boyz
- 95 South
- Acosta Bridge
- Adventure Landing
- air
- aircraft carrier
- Al Letson
- Allman Brothers Band
- American Civil War
- American football
- American Idol
- Amtrak
- amusement park
- Andrew Jackson
- Arab
- Arabic language
- Area code 904
- Arena football
- Argentina
- Asian (U.S. Census)
- associate's degree
- Atlantic
- Atlantic Ocean
- automobile
- automobiles
- bachelor's degrees
- Bahamas
- Bahía Blanca
- Baldwin, Florida
- banking
- Baptist Health
- Barnett Bank
- baseball
- Basic (film)
- basketball
- Black (U.S. Census)
- Black Kids
- Blackfoot
- Bolles School
- bowl game
- Brazil
- Brenda Starr (film)
- Buckman Bridge
- Burn Season
- bypass route
- Cab Calloway
- Carnival Fascination
- Cassie Gaines
- Catholic Church
- Catholic school
- cattle
- CBS
- Cecil Field
- Chabad
- Changwon
- charter school
- Chinese ceramics
- Christmas tree
- cigars
- city proper
- Clara White Mission
- Classic rock
- Classics Four
- Claude Yates
- Clay County, Florida
- Cloisonné
- coffee
- Cold
- college football
- College sports
- community theatre
- Conservative Judaism
- consumer goods
- country music
- county seat
- Cox Communications
- crime rate
- CSX Corporation
- CSX Transportation
- Curitiba
- Dames Point Bridge
- deep-water port
- Division I (NCAA)
- Double-A
- Duke Ellington
- E2ride bike tours
- Eastern Catholic
- Eastern Orthodox
- Eastern Time Zone
- easy listening
- eco tourism
- Electric President
- elementary school
- elephant
- Ella Fitzgerald
- English language
- Episcopal see
- EU Jacksonville
- Europe
- Evangelicalism
- EverBank Field
- expansion team
- FC JAX Destroyers
- financial services
- First Coast
- first language
- Five Points Theatre
- Flagler College
- Fletcher High School
- Florida
- Florida Territory
- Florida Theatre
- Folio Weekly
- Forces of Nature
- Fort Caroline
- Fort Clinch
- Fortune (magazine)
- France
- French language
- Friendship Fountain
- Fuller Warren Bridge
- G.I. Jane
- Gate River Run
- Gator Bowl
- Georgia (U.S. state)
- German language
- Gilded Age
- golf
- good ol' boy network
- Grand Celebration
- grand jury
- Great Fire of 1901
- Grover Cleveland
- Gustafson's Farm
- HabiJax
- Harbor
- Hart Bridge
- Haydon Burns Library
- healthcare
- heat index
- Hemming Plaza
- Henry John Klutho
- Herlong Airport
- high school
- highway
- Hip Hop
- Hip hop music
- historic district
- historical
- History of Florida
- Hodges Stadium
- Huguenot
- Hurricane Dora
- Hurricane Floyd
- Hurricane Frances
- Hurricane Jeanne
- Hurricane Katrina
- Independent Square
- information
- Inspection 12
- insurance
- Insurance industry
- Isaiah Hart
- Italian language
- Ivory carving
- J. J. Daniel
- Jacksonville Axemen
- Jacksonville Beaches
- Jacksonville Giants
- Jacksonville Jaguars
- Jacksonville Landing
- Jacksonville Sharks
- Jacksonville Suns
- jaguar
- JEA
- Jean Ribault
- Jews
- John Delaney
- JTA Skyway
- Key West, Florida
- Kids Kampus
- Landsat 7
- Landstar System
- Languages of Asia
- LaVilla
- LaVilla Museum
- legislature
- Liaoning
- Limp Bizkit
- lion
- Louis Armstrong
- Lumber
- Lynyrd Skynyrd
- magnet schools
- Mainline Protestants
- Mandarin High School
- manufacturing
- Maronite Church
- Mathews Bridge
- Mayo Clinic Hospital
- Mayport Ferry
- megachurch
- Meissen
- Merengue music
- Metropolitan area
- Mexico
- Miami
- middle school
- minor league
- Mocama
- Modis Building
- Molly Hatchet
- Morocco Temple
- mosque
- Movie studio
- Moving McAllister
- MPS Group
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- To the Last of Imaginery Solutions
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JAC
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 0:42
- Published: 06 Jul 2009
- Uploaded: 18 Feb 2012
- Author: jiggalove123
edc '09
http://wn.com/JAC
First Face - #9 Model Monika "Jac" Jagaciak - Fall 2011 First Face Countdown | FashionTV - FTV.com
FTV.TV WORLD - Monika "Jac" Jagaciak is number 9 in FashionTV's FIRST FACE countdown special, the top ten models for the Fall 2011/2012 season! Monika Jagaciak is known as Jac in the modeling world. She's a Polish model born in 1994, who was persuaded by her sister to attend an open casting call in her home country. Her big break came at age 13 when she signed a Hermes ad campaign. She had never heard of Hermes prior to winning. She's been through controversy due to her young age. In 2010, she appeared in Valentino, Chanel beauty, and Marc Jacobs ad campaigns. Watch as she gets her makeup done with a big red lip at Missoni and dramatic smoky eyes at Roberto Cavalli. She was featured in Louis Vuitton's Fall 2011 show alongside supermodel greats like Naomi Campbell and Kate Moss. Marc Jacobs designed the collection. FashionTV has the exclusive on Jac as she exits the show. Don't miss FashionTV's on-air broadcast -- DIRECT on YouTube - youtube.com facebook.com
http://wn.com/First_Face__#9_Model_Monika_Jac_Jagaciak__Fall_2011_First_Face_Countdown_|_FashionTV__FTVcom
→Pia no jaC← Time Limit
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:45
- Published: 16 Aug 2009
- Uploaded: 18 Feb 2012
- Author: korosuke1978
JAC - I Got Em' (Official Music Video)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:16
- Published: 26 Jul 2011
- Uploaded: 15 Feb 2012
- Author: knowbodiessj
The official music video from JAC from his mixtape "What I Do" Shot and edited: Jacob Garcia Jacob Garcia: www.youtube.com website: theknowbodies.com fb: www.facebook.com twitter: twitter.com
http://wn.com/JAC__I_Got_Em'_Official_Music_Video
Daishi Dance x Pia-no-jaC - Pulse of the Earth
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:23
- Published: 26 Aug 2010
- Uploaded: 18 Feb 2012
- Author: heart3music
from the album "piano project." by daishi dance x Pia-no-jaC
http://wn.com/Daishi_Dance_x_Pia-no-jaC__Pulse_of_the_Earth
Models - Monika "Jac" Jagaciak - Fall 2011 | FashionTV - FTV
www.FTV.com MILAN - Monika "Jac" Jagaciak is one of the biggest models in the world and she's highlighted here in this FashionTV Models clip from her turn on the runway at Milan Fashion Week Fall/Winter 2011/2012. Monika, who goes by the nickname Jac, appeared in the biggest Milan Fashion...
http://wn.com/Models__Monika_Jac_Jagaciak__Fall_2011_|_FashionTV__FTV
Life on the Seams - Jac Vanek
All it took was one "RUTHLESS" bracelet to put concert-hopper Jac Venek on the style map. The Orange County, CA native is only a year out of college and already, Jac now designs and makes over 50 different bracelets, t-shirts, necklaces, rings, and earrings with memorable, artistic sayings. You've seen her collaborative work with Alex Gaskarth of All Time Low, Miley Cyrus and Gabe Saporta of Cobra Starship, and as a complete, self professed music-freak, has many more music/style collabs on the way. Liked this video? RATE & SUBSCRIBE! *Awesome Sites* teen.com http alloy.com *Be Our Friend!* http facebook.com twitter.com facebook.com twitter.com facebook.com
http://wn.com/Life_on_the_Seams__Jac_Vanek
Model Talks - Monika "Jac" Jagaciak, Top Model - Exclusive Interview - Spring 2011 Milan | FashionTV - FTV
youtube MILAN - Monika "Jac" Jagaciak is one of the world's leading models and FashionTV currently has an exclusive interview with the Polish bombshell. She's been seen in shows like Alberta Ferretti, Etro, Roberto Cavalli, and Versace. She's still in school, she tells FashionTV, and doesn't have much free time. Jac says her style keeps changing and she doesn't really know how to describe it because it's always so different. See more at facebook FTV
http://wn.com/Model_Talks__Monika_Jac_Jagaciak,_Top_Model__Exclusive_Interview__Spring_2011_Milan_|_FashionTV__FTV
20100627 亞洲星光大道7. JAC(日本):情非得已.flv
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 10:09
- Published: 27 Jun 2010
- Uploaded: 04 Jan 2012
- Author: RItyoutune
Next: www.youtube.com
http://wn.com/20100627_亞洲星光大道7_JAC日本情非得已flv
Jac Jagaciak AW10-11 - Videofashion Daily
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:05
- Published: 17 May 2010
- Uploaded: 16 Feb 2012
- Author: videofashion
fashiontv | FTV.com - MONIKA JAGACIAK JAC MODEL TALK
MONIKA JAGACIAK JAC MODEL TALK Music Info: Performer: THE CRYSTAL AXIS Title: MIDNIGHT JUGGERMANTS 5
http://wn.com/fashiontv_|_FTVcom__MONIKA_JAGACIAK_JAC_MODEL_TALK
JAC - The Villiage of DDR
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:30
- Published: 06 Jul 2006
- Uploaded: 18 Feb 2012
- Author: xxTwilight
JAC Productions = credit :) www.jac-productions.com
http://wn.com/JAC__The_Villiage_of_DDR
JAC-Ondo!
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:50
- Published: 28 Nov 2006
- Uploaded: 17 Feb 2012
- Author: Ravencorpse
So!It's a tribute to JAC-productions, especially to their Naruto-cosplay-skits. I tried to put in some lipsync, but oh well. It's basically like this: Sasuke's doing Naruto's parts, Sakura's herself and Neji is supposed to be doing the Shikamaru parts. I had a lot of fun making this video^^ It's my second AMV(well, there's not ANIME in it but oh well), I'm kinda proud of myself. This time I had more material to work on. The ending credits accidentally say that the music is by Naruto Ondo!, but that's not true. Naruto Ondo! is the name of the song. Just btw. Apparently I can't write ANYTHING right, it seems(stupid credits) JAC-productions rules!
http://wn.com/JAC-Ondo!
JAC PERU
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:44
- Published: 06 Sep 2009
- Uploaded: 20 Feb 2011
- Author: checherefeb
www.musacsa.com
http://wn.com/JAC_PERU
This Week in Movies - Jac Schaeffer
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 76:09
- Published: 18 Oct 2010
- Uploaded: 31 Jan 2012
- Author: ThisWeekIn
This week, we're joined by writer/director Jac Schaeffer ("Timer"). Plus reviews of "Red," "Jackass 3D," "Nowhere Boy," "Conviction" and "Frozen," and a look at the trailers for "Drive Angry 3D" and "Dilemma." Also there's the Hollywood Headlines with Roger Erik Tinch and a new "Better or Worse" segment. For more information, show notes and an upcoming schedule, go to thisweekin.com.
http://wn.com/This_Week_in_Movies__Jac_Schaeffer
JAC - The Bleah Skit
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:38
- Published: 07 Jul 2006
- Uploaded: 18 Feb 2012
- Author: xxTwilight
This is a lovely Cosplay of the characters from Bleach, that encounter a //terrifying// yellow beast when they go out camping in the Land of NoWhere... Kudos to who made it again. I didn't make this either. JAC Productions did.
http://wn.com/JAC__The_Bleah_Skit
Monika Jac Jagaciak Talks - First Face Countdown Fall 2010 | FashionTV - FTV
Monika Jagaciak Alias Jac First Face Talks Fall/Winter 2010 -2011
http://wn.com/Monika_Jac_Jagaciak_Talks__First_Face_Countdown_Fall_2010_|_FashionTV__FTV
Let It Rain - Michael W Smith -JAC/TOGministries Int'l
Michael's song "Let It Rain" has become a theme song for our ministries, as the Lord introduced me to this song when he used the RAIN to prophecy to Kenya! Now it speaks to us of the outpouring of the gift of His Spirit and the blessings he will pour down upon us. It continues to inspire us to continue daily the work in the harvest fields of Kenya. Michael, thank you so much for this song, may the video bless you! IF YOU ENJOYED THIS VIDEO, PLEASE TAKE TIME TO RATE IT and I WELCOME YOU TO ADD THIS TO YOUR FAVORITES. YOU ARE ALSO INVITED TO SUBSCRIBE TO MY CHANNEL. GOD BLESS!
http://wn.com/Let_It_Rain__Michael_W_Smith_-JAC/TOGministries_Int'l
Le Jac - Fly Me To The Moon (Ft. Anita Sosa)
2012 the last big release by Le Jac. Now Available on iTunes & Beatport
http://wn.com/Le_Jac__Fly_Me_To_The_Moon_Ft_Anita_Sosa
VRUM - JAC J3 Turin
(Vrum-03/04/11)O Vrum testa um carro chinês pela primeira vez na história do programa. O comentarista especializado Emilio Camanzi avaliou o JAC J3 sedã, que acabou de chegar ao mercado brasileiro e está dando o que falar. Preço e garantia inédita de seis anos são tentadores. Mas será que o consumidor pode confiar totalmente num veículo que ainda é uma incógnita?
http://wn.com/VRUM__JAC_J3_Turin
Model Talks - How Do Models Celebrate Their Birthdays? ft Ruby Aldridge, Jac, Hailey Clauson | FashionTV - FTV
www.FTV WORLD - FashionTV wishes the top models of the world a very happy birthday in this special clip just for them! "Today is my birthday," says Shanghai-born model Ming says backstage at the Kenzo show. "For my birthday," says model Dempsey Stewart, "I would love a hug and a kiss from...
http://wn.com/Model_Talks__How_Do_Models_Celebrate_Their_Birthdays?_ft_Ruby_Aldridge,_Jac,_Hailey_Clauson_|_FashionTV__FTV
Adele - Someone Like You (Le Jac Remix)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:31
- Published: 26 Sep 2011
- Uploaded: 24 Dec 2011
- Author: SuperNewshits
new release by Le Jac, remix-bootleg electro house of Someone Like You by Adele.
http://wn.com/Adele__Someone_Like_You_Le_Jac_Remix
JAC Motors - Fábrica
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:56
- Published: 26 Oct 2010
- Uploaded: 17 Feb 2012
- Author: jacmotorsbr
Fábrica da JAC Motors em Hefei, na China. Essa é a linha de montagem responsável pela produção dos modelos J3, J3 Turin, J5 e J6, que podem ser conhecidos de perto até o dia 07 de novembro no stand da marca no Salão do Automóvel 2010, em São Paulo / SP.
http://wn.com/JAC_Motors__Fábrica
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photo: WN / Bhaskar Mallick
24 Feb 2012
New Delhi, February 24: The government's representative had orientation problems while presenting its arguments on homosexuality before the Supreme Court on Thursday. Additional Solicitor-General PP...
photo: WN / Imran Nissar
11 Feb 2012
(Siasat News) For rapid development, it is necessary for the Indian Muslims that they should stop complaining and grumbling against the Govt. or any other organization. Indian Muslims have many...
photo: WN / Bhaskar Mallick
10 Feb 2012
Former Bollywood actor Raveena Tandon will play agony aunt to young couples in the TV show, Superstar Santa, says a media report. During the show, when taking questions from couple, Raveena learnt...
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The Siasat Daily
February 24: Telangana Political Joint Action Committee chairman Prof M Kodandaram on Thursday called upon pro-Telangana activists to picket the District Collectorates in the region on March 3 in protest against the government's failure to honour the promises made to Telangana employees during the...(size: 2.4Kb)
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JAC board exams start today - Flying squads to keep watch on 7 lakh matriculation, intermediate students in fray OUR CORRESPONDENT...(size: 4.6Kb)
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February 12: Telangana Political Joint Action Committee has extended its support to the protest programme to be organized by the Telangana Employees Joint Action Committee. The JAC said that their demands are legitimate and it is imperative on the part of the Govt. to accept them and fulfill its...(size: 2.3Kb)
Telangana Employees JAC serves strike notice
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The Siasat Daily
February 10: The Telangana Employees Joint Action Committee on Friday served notice to the State Government threatening to go an indefinite strike. The JAC leaders including TNGOs president Swamy Goud, TGO president Srinivas Goud and others served the notice to Chief Secretary Pankaj Dwivedi at...(size: 2.8Kb)
The Siasat Daily
Hyderabad, February 05 (INN): Telangana Political Joint Action Committee Chairman Prof M Kodandaram on Saturday called upon pro-Telangana activists not to allow any political leaders in the entire region until their parties make their stand clear on the separate statehood issue. Addressing the JAC...(size: 2.1Kb)
TP-JAC demands change in metro rail design
27 Jan 2012
The Siasat Daily
Hyderabad, January 27 (INN): Telangana Political Joint Action Committee Chairman Prof M Kodandaram on Thursday demanded that the State Government change the design of Metro Rail Project as the present design affects large number of heritage structures besides displacing hundreds of families in the...(size: 2.0Kb)
JAC to resume Telangana stir soon
22 Jan 2012
The Hindu
The Telangana joint action committee (JAC) has announced that it will organise dharnas in all district headquarters on January 31. The programme in Hyderabad will be held in the first week of February, JAC chairman M. Kodandaram told reporters at the end...(size: 1.7Kb)
Indian Express
The Telangana political Joint Action Committee (JAC) would meet today to finalise its future course of action about the...(size: 0.8Kb)
| Coordinates | 7°18′48″N72°24′40″N |
|---|---|
| Name | City of Jacksonville, Florida |
| Settlement type | Consolidated city–county |
| Motto | Where Florida Begins |
| Nickname | Jax, The River City, J-ville, The Bold New City Of The South |
| Image seal | JaxSeal.png |
| Map caption | Location in Duval County and the state of Florida |
| Pushpin map | USA2 |
| Pushpin map caption | Location in the United States |
| Coordinates region | US-FL |
| Subdivision type | Country |
| Subdivision type1 | State |
| Subdivision type2 | County |
| Subdivision name | United States |
| Subdivision name1 | Florida |
| Subdivision name2 | Duval |
| Government type | Mayor-Council |
| Leader title | Mayor |
| Leader name | Alvin Brown (D) |
| Leader title1 | Governing body |
| Leader name1 | Jacksonville City Council |
| Established title | Founded |
| Established date | 1791 |
| Established title2 | Incorporated |
| Established date2 | 1832 |
| Area magnitude | 1 E+10 |
| Area total km2 | 2292.15 |
| Unit pref | Imperial |
| Area total sq mi | 885 |
| Area land km2 | 1986.53 |
| Area land sq mi | 767 |
| Area water km2 | 302.1 |
| Population as of | 2010 |
| Population urban | 913,125 |
| Population metro | 1,525,228 |
| Population total | 821,784 (11th) |
| Population density km2 | 409.89 |
| Timezone | EST |
| Utc offset | -5 |
| Timezone dst | EDT |
| Utc offset dst | -4 |
| Postal code type | ZIP code |
| Postal code | 32099, 32201-32212, 32214-32241, 32244-32247, 32250, 32254-32260, 32266, 32267, 32277, 32290. |
| Area code | 904 |
| Elevation ft | 16 |
| Latns | N |
| Coordinates | 30°19′10″N81°39′36″N |
| Longew | W |
| Area water sq mi | 116.6 |
| Elevation m | 5 |
| Website | http://www.coj.net/ |
| Blank name | FIPS code |
| Blank info | 12-35000 |
| Blank1 name | GNIS feature ID |
| Blank1 info | 0295003 |
| Footnotes | }} |
Jacksonville is in the First Coast region of northeast Florida and is centered on the banks of the St. Johns River, about south of the Georgia border and about north of Miami. The Jacksonville Beaches communities are along the adjacent Atlantic coast. The area was originally inhabited by the Timucua people, and in 1564 it was the site of the French colony of Fort Caroline, one of the earliest European settlements in what is now the continental United States. During Florida's British period, settlement grew at the narrow point in the river where cattle crossed, known as ''Wacca Pilatka'' to the Seminole and the Cowford to the British. A platted town was established there in 1822, a year after the United States acquired the colony of Florida from Spain, and named after Andrew Jackson, the first military governor of the Florida Territory and seventh President of the United States.
Harbor improvements since the late 19th century have made Jacksonville a major military and civilian deep-water port. Its riverine location facilitates two U.S. Navy bases and the Port of Jacksonville, Florida's third largest seaport. Significant factors in the local economy include services such as banking, insurance, and healthcare. As with much of Florida, tourism is also important to the Jacksonville area, particularly tourism related to golf.
History
The area of the modern city of Jacksonville has been inhabited for thousands of years. On Black Hammock Island in the national Timucuan Ecological and Historic Preserve, a University of North Florida team discovered some of the oldest remnants of pottery in the United States, dating to 2500 BC. In the 16th century, the beginning of the historical era, the region was inhabited by the Mocama, a coastal subgroup of the Timucua people. At the time of contact with Europeans, all Mocama villages in present-day Jacksonville were part of the powerful chiefdom known as the Saturiwa, centered around the mouth of the St. Johns River. One early map shows a village called ''Ossachite'' at the site of what is now downtown Jacksonville; this may be the earliest recorded name for that area.European explorers first arrived in the area 1562, when French Huguenot explorer Jean Ribault charted the St. Johns River. In 1564, René Goulaine de Laudonnière established the first European settlement, Fort Caroline, on the St. Johns near the main village of the Saturiwa. On September 20, 1565, a Spanish force from the nearby Spanish settlement of St. Augustine attacked Fort Caroline, and killed nearly all the French soldiers defending it. The Spanish renamed fort ''San Mateo''; with the destruction of the French forces at Fort Caroline, St. Augustine's position as the most important settlement in Florida was solidified.
Spain ceded Florida to the British in 1763, after the French and Indian War, and the British soon constructed the King's Road connecting St. Augustine to Georgia. The road crossed the St. Johns River at a narrow point, which the Seminole called ''Wacca Pilatka'' and the British named the "Cow Ford", both names ostensibly reflecting the fact that cattle were brought across the river there. Britain ceded control of the territory back to Spain in 1783, after its defeat in the American Revolutionary War, and The settlement at the Cow Ford continued to grow. After Spain ceded the Florida Territory to the United States in 1821, American settlers on the north side of the Cow Ford decided to plan a town, laying out the streets and plats. They soon named the town "Jacksonville", after Andrew Jackson. Led by Isaiah D. Hart, residents wrote a charter for a town government, which was approved by the Florida Legislative Council on February 9, 1832.
During the American Civil War, Jacksonville was a key supply point for hogs and cattle being shipped from Florida to aid the Confederate cause. The city was blockaded by Union forces, who gained control of the nearby Fort Clinch. From 1862, they controlled the city and most of the First Coast for the duration of the war. Though no battles were fought in Jacksonville proper, the city changed hands several times between Union and Confederate forces. Warfare and the long occupation left the city disrupted after the war.
During Reconstruction and the Gilded Age, Jacksonville and nearby St. Augustine became popular winter resorts for the rich and famous. Visitors arrived by steamboat and later by railroad. President Grover Cleveland attended the Sub-Tropical Exposition in the city on February 22, 1888 during his trip to Florida. This highlighted the visibility of the state as a worthy place for tourism. The city's tourism, however, was dealt major blows in the late 19th century by yellow fever outbreaks. In addition, extension of the Florida East Coast Railway further south drew visitors to other areas. From 1893 to 1938 Jacksonville was the site of the Florida Old Confederate Soldiers and Sailors Home with a nearby cemetery.
On May 3, 1901, downtown Jacksonville was ravaged by a fire that started at a fiber factory. Known as the "Great Fire of 1901", it was one of the worst disasters in Florida history and the largest urban fire in the southeastern United States. In just eight hours, it destroyed the business district and left approximately 10,000 residents homeless. It is said the glow from the flames could be seen in Savannah, Georgia, and the smoke plumes in Raleigh, North Carolina. Architect Henry John Klutho was a primary figure in the reconstruction of the city. More than 13,000 buildings were constructed between 1901 and 1912.
In the 1910s, New York–based filmmakers were attracted to Jacksonville's warm climate, exotic locations, excellent rail access, and cheap labor. Over the course of the decade, more than 30 silent film studios were established, earning Jacksonville the title of "Winter Film Capital of the World". However, the city's conservative political climate and the emergence of Hollywood as a major film production center ended the city's film industry. One converted movie studio site, Norman Studios, remains in Arlington; It has been converted to the Jacksonville Silent Film Museum at Norman Studios. During this time, Jacksonville also became a banking and insurance center, with companies such as Barnett Bank, Atlantic National Bank, Florida National Bank, Prudential, Gulf Life, Afro-American Insurance, Independent Life and American Heritage Life thriving in the business district. The U.S. Navy also became a major employer and economic force during the 1940s, with the construction of three naval bases in the city.
Jacksonville, like most large cities in the United States, suffered from negative effects of rapid urban sprawl after World War II. The construction of highways led residents to move to newer housing in the suburbs. After World War II, the government of the city of Jacksonville began to increase spending to fund new public building projects in the boom that occurred after the war. Mayor W. Haydon Burns' ''Jacksonville Story'' resulted in the construction of a new city hall, civic auditorium, public library and other projects that created a dynamic sense of civic pride. However, the development of suburbs and a subsequent wave of middle class "white flight" left Jacksonville with a much poorer population than before.
Much of the city's tax base dissipated, leading to problems with funding education, sanitation, and traffic control within the city limits. In addition, residents in unincorporated suburbs had difficulty obtaining municipal services, such as sewage and building code enforcement. In 1958, a study recommended that the city of Jacksonville begin annexing outlying communities in order to create the needed tax base to improve services throughout the county. Voters outside the city limits rejected annexation plans in six referendums between 1960 and 1965.
In the mid 1960s, corruption scandals began to arise among many of the city's officials, who were mainly elected through the traditional good ol' boy network. After a grand jury was convened to investigate, 11 officials were indicted and more were forced to resign. Consolidation, led by J. J. Daniel and Claude Yates, began to win more support during this period, from both inner city blacks, who wanted more involvement in government, and whites in the suburbs, who wanted more services and more control over the central city. In 1964 all 15 of Duval County's public high schools lost their accreditation. This added momentum to proposals for government reform. Lower taxes, increased economic development, unification of the community, better public spending and effective administration by a more central authority were all cited as reasons for a new consolidated government.
When a consolidation referendum was held in 1967, voters approved the plan. On October 1, 1968, the governments merged to create the Consolidated City of Jacksonville. Fire, police, health & welfare, recreation, public works, and housing & urban development were all combined under the new government.
The Better Jacksonville Plan, promoted as a ''blueprint for Jacksonville's future'' and approved by Jacksonville voters in 2000, authorized a half-penny sales tax. This would generate most of the revenue required for the $2.25 billion package of major projects that included road & infrastructure improvements, environmental preservation, targeted economic development and new or improved public facilities.
Geography
Topography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , making Jacksonville the largest city in land area in the contiguous United States; of this, 86.66% () is land and ; 13.34% () is water. Jacksonville completely encircles the town of Baldwin. Nassau County lies to the north, Baker County lies to the west, and Clay and St. Johns County lie to the south; the Atlantic Ocean lies to the east, along with the Jacksonville Beaches. The St. Johns River divides the city. The Trout River, a major tributary of the St. Johns River, is located entirely within Jacksonville.
Climate
Jacksonville has a humid subtropical climate (Koppen ''Cfa''), with mild weather during winters and hot weather during summers. High temperatures average throughout the year. High heat indices are not uncommon for the summer months in the Jacksonville area. High temperatures can reach the mid and upper 90s with heat indices above possible. The highest temperature ever recorded in Jacksonville was on July 21, 1942. It is common for thunderstorms to erupt during a typical summer afternoon. These are caused by the rapid heating of the land relative to the water, combined with extremely high humidity.
During winter, there can be hard freezes during the night. Such cold weather is usually short lived, as the city averages only 10 to 15 nights below freezing. The coldest temperature recorded at Jacksonville International Airport was on January 21, 1985, a day that still holds the record cold for many locations in the eastern half of the US. Even rarer in Jacksonville than freezing temperatures is snow. When snow does fall, it usually melts upon making contact with the ground. Most residents of Jacksonville can remember accumulated snow on only two occasions—-the first was a thin ground cover that occurred December 23, 1989. The second event happened on December 26, 2010, when measurable snow fell for the first time in 21 years across metropolitan Jacksonville. Occurring in the morning, it also marked the first time since 1989 that the official National Weather Service recording equipment at Jacksonville International Airport picked up frozen precipitation.
Jacksonville has suffered less damage from hurricanes than most other east coast cities, although the threat does exist for a direct hit by a major hurricane. The city has only received one direct hit from a hurricane since 1871, although Jacksonville has experienced hurricane or near-hurricane conditions more than a dozen times due to storms passing through the state from the Gulf of Mexico to the Atlantic Ocean, or passing to the north or south in the Atlantic and brushing past the area. The strongest effect on Jacksonville was from Hurricane Dora in 1964, the only recorded storm to hit the First Coast with sustained hurricane force winds. The eye crossed St. Augustine with winds that had just barely diminished to , making it a strong Category 2 on the Saffir-Simpson Scale. Jacksonville also suffered damage from 2008's Tropical Storm Fay which crisscrossed the state, bringing parts of Jacksonville under darkness for four days. Similarly, four years prior to this, Jacksonville was inundated by Hurricane Frances and Hurricane Jeanne, which made landfall south of the area. These tropical cyclones were the costliest indirect hits to Jacksonville. Hurricane Floyd in 1999 caused damage mainly to Jacksonville Beach. During Floyd, the Jacksonville Beach pier was completely destroyed. The rebuilt pier was later heavily damaged by Fay, but not destroyed. Tropical Storm Bonnie would cause minor damage in 2004, spawning a minor tornado in the process.
Rainfall averages around a year, with the wettest months being June through September.
Cityscape
Architecture
Downtown Jacksonville has a skyline with the tallest building being the Bank of America Tower, constructed in 1990 as the Barnett Bank Center. It has a height of and includes 42 floors. Other notable structures include the 37-story Modis Building (with its distinctive flared base making it the defining building in the Jacksonville skyline), originally built in 1972-74 by the Independent Life and Accident Insurance Company, and the 28 floor Riverplace Tower which, when completed in 1967, was the tallest precast, post-tensioned concrete structure in the world.
| Rank | ! Name | ! Street Address | ! Heightfeet / meters | ! Floors | ! Year |
| 1 | 50 North Laura Street | 617 / 188 | 42 | 1990 | |
| 2 | Independent Square | 1 Independent Drive | 535 / 163 | 37 | 1974 |
| 3 | 301 West Bay Street | 447 / 136 | 32 | 1983 | |
| 4 | The Peninsula at St. Johns Center | 1401 Riverplace Boulevard | 437 / 133 | 36 | 2006 |
| 5 | Riverplace Tower | 1301 Riverplace Boulevard | 432 / 132 | 28 | 1967 |
Neighborhoods
There are more than 500 neighborhoods within Jacksonville's vast area. These include Downtown Jacksonville and its surrounding neighborhoods, including LaVilla, Brooklyn, Riverside, Avondale, Springfield, Eastside, and San Marco. Additionally, greater Jacksonville is traditionally divided into several amorphous areas, comprising large parts of Duval County. These are Northside, Westside, Southside, and Arlington, as well as the Jacksonville Beaches.There are four municipalities that have retained their own governments since consolidation; these are Baldwin and the three Jacksonville Beaches towns of Atlantic Beach, Neptune Beach, and Jacksonville Beach. Four of Jacksonville's neighborhoods, Avondale, Ortega, Springfield, and Riverside, have been identified as U.S. historic districts and are in the National Register of Historic Places.
Parks and gardens
Jacksonville operates the largest urban park system in the United States, providing facilities and services at more than 337 locations on more than located throughout the city. Jacksonville enjoys natural beauty from the St. Johns River and Atlantic Ocean. Many parks provide access for people to boat, swim, fish, sail, jetski, surf and waterski. Several parks around the city have received international recognition. Kids Kampus, in particular, is a unique facility for families with young children.
Tree Hill Nature Center is a nature preserve conveniently located five minutes from Downtown Jacksonville. Tree Hill is home to an environmental education center, a wildlife area, a Butterfly Center and of nature trails surrounded by hilltop and wetland areas consisting of southern mixed hardwood forest, mixed hardwood swamp and freshwater streams. Serving the Jacksonville community for 40 years with important environmental education programs, Tree Hill also hosts a popular Butterfly Festival on the last Saturday of every April in the Joseph A. Strasser Amphitheater.
Hemming Plaza is Jacksonville's first and oldest park. It is downtown and surrounded by government buildings.
The Jacksonville Arboretum and Gardens broke ground on a new center in April, 2007 and held their grand opening on November 15, 2008.
The Ronnie Van Zant Memorial Park in suburban Green Cove Springs was opened in 1996. Located on Sandridge Rd, the park is dedicated to the memory of rock legend Ronnie Van Zant, lead singer and songwriter of The Lynyrd Skynyrd Band. Killed in the tragic 1977 crash of the band's private plane along with guitarist Steve Gaines, back-up singer Cassie Gaines, assistant road mgr. Dean Kilpatrick and the plane's two pilots, Van Zant grew up on the west side of Jacksonville and graduated (along with most of the band) from Robert E. Lee High School. The park features an 18 hole disc golf course, tennis courts and several fishing ponds.
The Veterans Memorial Wall is a tribute to local servicemen and women killed while serving in US armed forces. A ceremony is held each Memorial Day recognizing any service woman or man from Jacksonville who died in the previous year.
The Treaty Oak is a massive, 250 year-old tree at Jessie Ball DuPont Park in downtown. Office workers from nearby buildings sit on benches to eat lunch or read a book in the shade of its canopy.
The Jacksonville-Baldwin Rail Trail is a linear city park which runs from Imeson Road to a point past Baldwin, Florida.
Culture
Entertainment and performing arts
The Florida Theatre, opened in 1927, is located in downtown Jacksonville and is one of only four remaining high-style movie palaces built in Florida during the Mediterranean Revival architectural boom of the 1920s.
Amity Turkish Cultural Center was established in 2006 as one of the major Dialogue and Cultural organizations in Jacksonville. Theatre Jacksonville was organized in 1919 as the ''Little Theatre'' and is one of the oldest continually producing community theatres in the United States.
The Five Points Theatre, formerly the Riverside Theatre, opened in 1927. It was the first theater equipped to show talking pictures in Florida and the third nationally. It is located in the Five Points section of town and was renamed the ''Five Points Theater'' in 1949.
The Ritz Theatre, opened in 1929, is located in the LaVilla neighborhood of the northern part of Jacksonville's downtown. The Jacksonville music scene was active in the 1930s in LaVilla, which was known as “Harlem of the South”. Black musicians from across the country visited Jacksonville to play standing room only performances at the Ritz Theatre and the ''Knights of Pythias Hall''. Cab Calloway, Duke Ellington, Ella Fitzgerald and Louis Armstrong were a few of the legendary performers who appeared. After his mother died when he was 15, Ray Charles lived with friends of his mother while he played piano at the Ritz for a year, before moving on to fame and fortune. The Ritz Theatre was rebuilt and opened in October 1999.
The Times-Union Center for the Performing Arts consists of three distinct halls: the ''Jim & Jan Moran Theater'', a venue for touring Broadway shows; the ''Jacoby Symphony Hall'', home of the Jacksonville Symphony Orchestra; and the ''Terry Theater'', intended for small shows and recitals. The building was originally erected as the Civic Auditorium in 1962 and underwent a major renovation and construction in 1996.
The Jacksonville Veterans Memorial Arena, which opened in 2003, is a 16,000-seat performance venue that attracts national entertainment, sporting events and also houses the Jacksonville Sports Hall of Fame. It replaced the outdated Jacksonville Memorial Coliseum that was built in 1960 and demolished on June 26, 2003.
The Alhambra Dinner Theatre, located on the Southside near the University of North Florida, has offered professional productions that frequently starred well-known actors since 1967. There are also a number of popular community theatres such as ''Players by the Sea'' at Jacksonville Beach. ''Atlantic Beach Experemental Theatre'' (ABET), and ''Orange Park Community Theatre''.
In 1999, Stage Aurora Theatrical Company, Inc. was established in collaboration at Florida State College at Jacksonville (North Campus). Their goal is to produce theatre that enlightens, and it is the most popular theatre on the Northside, located at Gateway Town Center.
Jacksonville native Pat Boone was a popular 1950s singer and teen idol. During the 1960s, the Classics Four was the most successful pop rock band from Jacksonville. Southern Rock was defined by the Allman Brothers Band, which formed in 1969 in Jacksonville. Lynyrd Skynyrd achieved near cult status and inspired Blackfoot, Molly Hatchet and .38 Special, all successful in the 1970s. The 1980s were a quiet decade for musical talent in Jacksonville. The next local group to achieve national success was nu-metal band Limp Bizkit in 1994. Other popular Hip Hop acts in the 1990s included 95 South, 69 Boyz and the Quad City DJ's. The bands Inspection 12, Cold and Yellowcard were also well known and had a large following. Following the millennium, Burn Season, Evergreen Terrace, Shinedown, Electric President, The Red Jumpsuit Apparatus, Black Kids and The Summer Obsession, were notable bands from Jacksonville.
In the early 20th century, New York-based moviemakers were attracted to Jacksonville's warm climate, exotic locations, excellent rail access, and cheaper labor, earning the city the title of "The Winter Film Capital of the World". Over 30 movie studios were opened and thousands of silent films produced between 1908 and the 1920s, when most studios relocated to Hollywood, California.
Since that time, Jacksonville has been chosen by a number of film and television studios for on-location shooting. Notable motion pictures that have been partially or completely shot in Jacksonville since the silent film era include ''Creature from the Black Lagoon'' (1954), ''The New Adventures of Pippi Longstocking'' (1988), ''Brenda Starr'' (1989), ''G.I. Jane'' (1997), ''The Devil's Advocate'' (1997), ''Ride'' (1998), ''Why Do Fools Fall In Love'' (1998), ''Forces of Nature'' (1999), ''Tigerland'' (2000), ''Sunshine State'' (2002), ''Basic'' (2003), ''The Manchurian Candidate'' (2004), ''Lonely Hearts'' (2006), '' ''Moving McAllister'' (2007), ''The Year of Getting to Know Us'' (2008).
Notable television series or made-for-television films that have been partially or completely shot in Jacksonville include ''Intimate Strangers'' (1986), ''Inherit the Wind'' (1988), ''Roxanne: The Prize Pulitzer'' (1989), ''A Girl of the Limberlost'' (1990), ''Orpheus Descending'' (1990), ''Pointman'' (1995), ''Saved by the Light'' (1995), ''The Babysitter's Seduction'' (1996), ''Sudden Terror: The Hijacking of School Bus #17'' (1996), ''First Time Felon'' (1997), ''Gold Coast'' (1997), ''Safe Harbor (film)'' (2009), ''The Conquest of America'' (2005), ''Super Bowl XXXIX'' (2005), ''Recount (film)'' (2008), and ''American Idol'' (2009).
The NPR and PRX radio show, State of the Re:Union, hosted by performance poet and playwright, Al Letson, is headquartered and produced in Jacksonville.
Annual events
Throughout the year, many annual events of various types are held in Jacksonville. In sports, the annual Gate River Run has been held annually since March 1977. It has been the US National road race Championship since 1994 and is the largest race of its distance in the country with over 13,000 runners, spectators, and volunteers, making it Jacksonville's largest participation sporting event. In college football, the Gator Bowl is held on January 1. It has been continuously held since 1946. Also, the Florida vs. Georgia Football Classic (also known as the "World's Largest Outdoor Cocktail Party), the annual college football game between the rival Florida Gators and Georgia Bulldogs has been held in Jacksonville almost yearly since 1933. For six days in July the Jacksonville Kingfish Tournament is held for fishermen of all skills. With $500,000 of prizes up for grabs, up to 1000 boats participate with almost 30,000 spectators watching.
A number of cultural events are also held in Jacksonville. The Jacksonville Jazz Festival, held in ], is the second-largest jazz festival in the nation, while ''Springing the Blues'', one of the oldest and largest blues festivals, has been held in [[Jacksonville Beach, Florida|Jacksonville Beach since 1990. Also held in Metropolitan Park is the World of Nations Celebration. Held since 1993 it features a number of events, food and souvenirs from various countries. The Jacksonville Film Festival, held at seven historic venues in the city, has been held since 2003 and has featured a variety of independent films, documentaries and shorts.
Other events include the Blessing of the Fleet held in March since 1985 and the Greater Jacksonville Agricultural Fair in November at the Jacksonville Fairgrounds and Expositiion Center featuring games, rides, food, entertainment and livestock exhibition. Holiday celebrations include the ''Freedom, Fanfare & Fireworks'' celebration on July 4, the lighting of Jacksonville's official Christmas tree at the Jacksonville Landing on the day after Thanksgiving and the ''Jacksonville Light Parade'' of boats the following day. Former annual events include Planetfest, a music festival sponsored by WPLA Planet Radio. When the station was sold in 2010, the event was discontinued.
Attractions
The city center includes the Jacksonville Landing and the Jacksonville Riverwalks. The Landing is a popular riverfront dining and shopping venue, accessible by River Taxi from the Southbank Riverwalk. The ''Northbank Riverwalk'' runs along the St. Johns from Berkman Plaza to I-95 at the Fuller Warren Bridge while the ''Southbank Riverwalk'' stretches from the Radisson Hotel to Museum Circle.
Adjacent to Museum Circle is St. Johns River Park, also known as Friendship Park. It is the location of Friendship Fountain, one of the most recognizable and popular attractions for locals as well as tourists in Jacksonville. This landmark was built in 1965 and promoted as the “World’s Tallest and Largest” fountain at the time.
The Jacksonville Maritime Museum, located in the Jacksonville Landing, includes models of ships, paintings, photographs and artifacts dating to 1562.
In 2003, the Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) opened a facility next to the Main Library downtown. Tracing its roots back to the formation of Jacksonville's Fine Arts Society in 1924, the museum features eclectic permanent and traveling exhibitions. In November 2006, JMOMA was renamed Museum of Contemporary Art Jacksonville (MOCA Jacksonville) to reflect their continued commitment to art produced after the modernist period.
The Museum of Science & History (MOSH) is found on Jacksonville's Southbank Riverwalk and features a main exhibit that changes quarterly, plus three floors of nature exhibits, an extensive exhibit on the history of Northeast Florida, a hands-on science area and the area's only astronomy theatre, the Alexander Brest Planetarium.
Brest, founder of Duval Engineering and Contracting Co., was also the benefactor for the Alexander Brest Museum and Gallery on the campus of Jacksonville University. The exhibits are a diverse collection of carved ivory, Pre-Columbian artifacts, Steuben glass, Chinese porcelain and Cloisonné, Tiffany glass, Boehm porcelain and rotating exhibitions containing the work of local, regional, national and international artists.
Three other art galleries are located at educational institutions in town. Florida State College at Jacksonville has the ''Kent Gallery'' on their westside campus and the ''Wilson Center for the Arts'' at their main campus. The ''University Gallery'' is located on the campus of the University of North Florida.
The Cummer Museum of Art and Gardens holds a large collection of European and American paintings, and a world-renowned collection of early Meissen porcelain. The museum is surrounded by three acres of formal English and Italian style gardens, and is in the Riverside neighborhood, on the bank of the St. Johns River. There is also a hands-on children's section.
The Karpeles Manuscript Library is the world’s largest private collection of original manuscripts & documents. The museum in Jacksonville is in a 1921 neoclassical building on the outskirts of downtown. In addition to document displays, there is also an antique-book library, with volumes dating from the late 19th century.
The Catherine Street Fire Station building is on the National Register of Historic Places and was relocated to Metropolitan Park in 1993. It houses the Jacksonville Fire Museum and features 500+ artifacts including an 1806 hand pumper.
The LaVilla Museum opened in 1999 and features a permanent display of African-American history. The art exhibits are changed periodically.
There are also several historical properties and items of interest in the city, including the Klutho Building, the Old Morocco Temple Building, the Palm and Cycad Arboretum, and the Prime F. Osborn III Convention Center, originally built as Union Station train depot. The Jacksonville Historical Society showcases two restoration projects: the 1887 St. Andrews Episcopal Church and the 1879 ''Merrill House'', both located near the sports complex.
The Art Walk, a monthly outdoor art festival on the first Wednesday of each month, is sponsored by Downtown Vision, Inc, an organization which works to promote artistic talent and venues on the First Coast.
E2ride bike tours opened in 2009 and is the area's only historical bicycle tour company in Riverside-Avondale, San Marco, Olde Mandarin, Springfield and Jacksonville Beach. The bike tours are sustainable tourism, and eco tourism and include bikes, gear and guide.
The Jacksonville Zoo and Gardens boasts the second largest animal collection in the state. The zoo features elephants, lions, and, of course, jaguars (with an exhibit, ''Range of the Jaguar'', hosted by the owners of the Jacksonville Jaguars, Delores and Wayne Weaver). It also has a multitude of reptile houses, free flight aviaries, and many other animals.
Shipwreck Island in Jacksonville Beach is the only waterpark in Duval County. It opened in 1995 and changes rides every few years to keep the season passholders coming back.
Adventure Landing in Jacksonville and Jacksonville Beach are the only amusement parks in Duval County.
Jungle Quest, located across from the Jacksonville Naval Air Station, is the only Jungle Quest store located outside of Colorado. Jungle Quest features zip-lines and rock climbing for children.
Retail
Jacksonville has two fully enclosed shopping malls. The oldest is the Regency Square Mall, which opened in 1967 and is located on former sand dunes in the Arlington area. The other is The Avenues Mall, which opened in 1990 on the Southside, at the intersection of I-95 and US 1. The Orange Park Mall is another mall located just south of the city in the suburb of Orange Park, Florida, in Clay County, off of Blanding Boulevard (Florida State Road 21).The end of the indoor shopping mall may be indicated by the opening of The St. Johns Town Center in 2005 and the River City Marketplace, on the Northside in 2006. Both of these are "open air" malls, with a similar mix of stores, but without being contained under a single, enclosed roof. According to the International Council of Shopping Centers (ICSC), only one enclosed mall has been built in the United States since 2006.
The Avenues, Orange Park Mall, and St. Johns Town Center are all owned by Simon Property Group; Regency is owned by General Growth Properties; River City Marketplace is owned by Ramco-Gershenson.
Sports
Jacksonville is home to one major league sports team, the Jacksonville Jaguars of the National Football League (NFL). The Jaguars joined the NFL as an expansion team in the 1995 season; they play their home games at EverBank Field. The PGA Tour, which organizes the main professional golf tournaments in the U.S., is headquartered in the suburb of Ponte Vedra Beach, where it holds The Players Championship every year.
Jacksonville is also home to several minor league-level teams. The Jacksonville Suns, a class Double-A baseball team, have played in Jacksonville continuously since 1970, longer than any other Double-A team has been in its city, and are the top-selling franchise in the Southern League. The Jacksonville Sharks Arena Football League team began play in 2010. The Jacksonville Axemen are a semi-professional rugby league team founded in 2006, and now play in the USA Rugby League. The Jacksonville Giants basketball team started play in the new American Basketball Association in December 2010. FC JAX Destroyers are a soccer team that launched a men's franchise in the USL Premier Development League in the 2011 season, and plans a women's franchise for 2012.
College sports, especially college football, are popular in Jacksonville. The city hosts the Florida vs. Georgia Football Classic, an annual football game between the University of Florida and the University of Georgia, and the Gator Bowl, a post-season college bowl game. Jacksonville's two universities compete in NCAA Division I: the University of North Florida Ospreys and the Jacksonville University Dolphins.
Media
''The Florida Times-Union'' is the major daily newspaper in Jacksonville and Jacksonville.com is its official website. Another daily newspaper focused on the legal community is the ''Financial News and Daily Record''.The city's chief alternative newsweekly is ''Folio Weekly''. Others include EU Jacksonville, Buzz Magazine and the Jacksonville Observer. The ''Jacksonville Business Journal'' is a weekly paper that focuses on the local economy and business community. The ''Jacksonville Free Press'' is a weekly paper serving the African-American community.
Jacksonville is the 47th largest local television market in the United States, and is served by television stations affiliated with major American networks including WTLV (NBC), WJXX (ABC), WTEV (CBS), WAWS (Fox/''My Network TV''), WJCT (PBS),and WCWJ (CW). WJXT is a former longtime CBS affiliate that turned independent in 2002.
Jacksonville is the 46th largest local radio market in the United States, and is dominated by the same two large ownership groups that dominate the radio industry across the United States: Cox Radio and Clear Channel Communications. The dominant AM radio station in terms of ratings is WOKV 690AM, which is also the flagship station for the Jacksonville Jaguars. In September 2006, WOKV began simulcasting on 106.5 FM as WOKV FM. There are two radio stations broadcasting a primarily contemporary hits format; WAPE 95.1 has dominated this niche for over twenty years, and more recently has been challenged by WFKS 97.9 FM (KISS FM). WJBT 93.3 (The Beat) is a hip-hop/R&B; station, WJGH 107.3 is an oldies station. WXXJ 102.9 is an alternative station, WFYV 104.5—Rock 105 Jacksonville Classic rock, WQIK 99.1 is a country station as well as WGNE-FM 99.9, WCRJ FM 88.1 (The Promise) is the main Contemporary Christian station operating since 1984, WHJX 105.7 and WFJO 92.5 plays music in Spanish like salsa, merengue, and reggaeton, and WJCT 89.9 is the local National Public Radio affiliate. Local Jones College also hosts an easy listening station, WKTZ 90.9 FM.
Demographics
Jacksonville is the most populous city in Florida, and the thirteenth most populous city in the United States. As of 2010, there were 821,784 people and 366,273 households in the city. The largest ancestries include: German (9.6%), American (9.3%), Irish (9.0%), English (8.5%), and Italian (3.5%). Jacksonville has the country's tenth-largest Arab population, with a total population of 5,751 according to the 2000 United States Census. Jacksonville has a large Filipino population, in part related to their tradition of service with the Navy. In addition, there is a large Serbo-Croatian population, located mostly on the south side of Jacksonville, and Russian population. Jacksonville also has a growing Puerto Rican population. {| id="toc" style="float: right; margin-right: 2em; width: 39%; font-size: 75%;" cellspacing="3" !colspan="3"|Jacksonville Demographics |- |2010 Census||Jacksonville||Duval County||Florida |- |Total population||821,784||864,263||18,801,310 |- |Population, percent change, 2000 to 2010||+11.7%||+11.0%||+17.6% |- |Population density||1,100.1/sq mi||1,133.9/sq mi||350.6/sq mi |- |White or Caucasian (including White Hispanic)||59.4%||60.9%||75.0% |- |(Non-Hispanic White or Caucasian)||55.1%||56.6%||57.9% |- |Black or African-American||30.7%||29.5%||16.0% |- |Hispanic or Latino (of any race)||7.7%||7.6%||22.5% |- |Asian||4.3%||4.2%||2.4% |- |Native American or Native Alaskan||0.4%||0.4%||0.4% |- |Pacific Islander or Native Hawaiian||0.1%||0.1%||0.1% |- |Two or more races (Multiracial)||2.9%||2.9%||2.5% |- |Some Other Race||5.2%||3.9%||3.6% |}
As of 2010, there were 366,273 households out of which 11.8% were vacant. As of 2000, 33.9% of households had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.7% were married couples living together, 16.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.0% were non-families. 26.2% of all households were made up of individuals and 7.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.53 and the average family size was 3.07. In the city, the population was spread out with 26.7% under the age of 18, 9.7% from 18 to 24, 32.3% from 25 to 44, 21.0% from 45 to 64, and 10.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females there were 93.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.6 males.
In 2000, the median income for a household in the city was $40,316, and the median income for a family was $47,243. Males had a median income of $32,547 versus $25,886 for females. The per capita income for the city was $20,337. About 9.4% of families and 12.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 16.7% of those under age 18 and 12.0% of those age 65 or over.
Languages
As of the 2006–2008 American Community Survey, 88.1% of Jacksonville's population age five and over spoke only English at home while 5.2% of the population spoke Spanish at home. About 3.2% spoke other Indo-European languages at home. About 2.5% spoke an Asian language at home. The remaining 0.9% of the population spoke other languages at home.As of 2000, speakers of English as a first language accounted for 90.60% of all residents, while those who spoke Spanish made up 4.13%, Tagalog 1.00%, French 0.47%, Arabic 0.44%, German 0.43%, both Vietnamese and Serbo-Croatian at 0.31%, Russian was 0.21% and Italian made up 0.17% of the population.
Religion
Jacksonville has a diverse religious population. The largest religious group is Protestants; according to the Association of Religion Data Archives (ARDA), in 2010 the Jacksonville metropolitan area had an estimated 265,158 Evangelical Protestants and 89,649 Mainline Protestants, attending around 700 congregations. Several of these are megachurches, including Bethel Baptist Institutional Church and First Baptist Church downtown and Christ's Church (formerly Mandarin Christian Church) on Greenland Road. The Episcopal Diocese of Florida has its see in St. John's Cathedral, the current building dating to 1906.Jacksonville is part of the Catholic Diocese of St. Augustine, which covers seventeen counties in North Florida and has 171,000 registered members attending 52 parishes. One notable Catholic church in Jacksonville is the Immaculate Conception Catholic Church, added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1992. There are also two Eastern Catholic parishes, one of the Syriac Catholic Church and one of the Maronite Church. According to ARDA, in 2000 there were 3,090 Eastern Orthodox Christians representing seven churches in the Eastern Orthodox communion, as well as one congregation of 200 Syriac Orthodox Christians.
There were also 7,734 members of the LDS Church (Mormons) and 404 Unitarian Universalists, who have worshiped at the Unitarian Universalist Church of Jacksonville since 1906. The Jewish community, which numbered 7,300 in 2000, is largely centered in the neighborhood of Mandarin. There are two Reform, two Conservative, and four Orthodox synagogues (three of them Chabad-affiliated), and two more synagogues in St. Augustine. The Muslim community numbered 2,182 in 2000, and had three congregations, including the Islamic Center of Northeast Florida, the region's largest mosque.
Law and government
Administrative structure
The most noteworthy feature of Jacksonville government is its consolidated nature. The Duval County-Jacksonville consolidation eliminated any type of separate county executive or legislature, and supplanted these positions with the Mayor of Jacksonville and the City Council of the City of Jacksonville, respectively. Because of this, voters who live ''outside'' of the city limits of Jacksonville, but ''inside'' of Duval County, are allowed not only to vote in elections for these positions, but to run for them as well. In fact, in 1995, John Delaney, a resident of Neptune Beach, was elected mayor of the city of Jacksonville.
Jacksonville uses the Mayor-Council form of city government, also called the Strong-Mayor form, in which a mayor serves as the city's Chief Executive and Administrative officer. The mayor holds veto power over all resolutions and ordinances made by the city council, and also has the power to hire and fire the head of various city departments. The current mayor is Alvin Brown, who assumed office on July 1, 2011.
Law enforcement
Jacksonville and Duval County historically maintained separate police agencies: the Jacksonville Police Department and Duval County Sheriff's Office. As part of consolidation in 1968, the two merged, creating the Jacksonville Sheriff's Office (JSO). The JSO is headed by the elected Sheriff of Jacksonville, currently John Rutherford, and is responsible for law enforcement and corrections in the county.In 2010, Duval County's crime rate was 5,106 per 100,000 people, according to the Florida Department of Law Enforcement. The county's murder rate had been the highest among Florida's counties with a population of 500,000 or more for eleven years in 2009, leading to widespread discussion in the community to deal with the problem. In 2010 Duval County's violent crime rate decreased by 9.3% from the previous year, with total crime decreasing 7.3%, putting the murder rate behind that of Miami-Dade County.
Autonomous agencies
Some government services remained — as they had been before consolidation – independent of both city and county authority. In accordance with Florida law, the school board continues to exist with nearly complete autonomy. Jacksonville also has several quasi-independent government agencies which only nominally answer to the consolidated authority, including electric authority, port authority, transportation authority, housing authority and airport authority. The main environmental and agricultural body is the Duval County Soil and Water Conservation District, which works closely with other area and state agencies.
Education
Primary and secondary education
Public primary and secondary schools in Jacksonville and Duval County are administered by Duval County Public Schools, which is governed by an elected, seven-member Duval County School Board. In the 2009-2010 school year the district enrolled 123,000 students. It administers 172 total schools, including 103 elementary schools, 25 middle schools, 19 high schools, 3 K-8 schools, and 1 6-12 school, as well as 13 charter schools and a juvenile justice school program. Of these, 62 are designated magnet schools.Two of Jacksonville's high schools, Stanton College Preparatory School and Paxon School for Advanced Studies regularly appear at the top of ''Newsweek'' magazine's annual list of the country's top public high schools, coming in respectively at #3 and #8 in the 2010 edition. Five other schools, Douglas Anderson School of the Arts (#33), Mandarin High School (#97), Fletcher High School (#205) Sandalwood High School (#210), and Englewood High School (#1146) were also included in the list.
The Roman Catholic Diocese of St. Augustine operates a number of Catholic schools in Jacksonville, including two high schools, Bishop Kenny High School and Bishop John J. Snyder High School. Other private schools in Jacksonville include Arlington Country Day School, the Bolles School, and Episcopal High School.
Public libraries
The Jacksonville Public Library had its beginnings when May Moore and Florence Murphy started the "Jacksonville Library and Literary Association" in 1878. The Association was populated by various prominent Jacksonville residents and sought to create a free public library and reading room for the city.Over the course of 127 years, the system has grown from that one room library to become one of the largest in the state. The Jacksonville library system has twenty branches, ranging in size from the West Regional Library to smaller neighborhood libraries like Westbrook and Eastside. The Library annually receives nearly 4 million visitors and circulates over 6 million items. Nearly 500,000 library cards are held by area residents.
On November 12, 2005, the new Main Library opened to the public, replacing the 40-year old Haydon Burns Library. The largest public library in the state, the opening of the new main library marked the completion of an unprecedented period of growth for the system under the Better Jacksonville Plan. The new Main Library offers specialized reading rooms, public access to hundreds of computers and public displays of art, an extensive collection of books, and special collections ranging from the African-American Collection to the recently opened Holocaust Collection.
Higher education
Jacksonville is home to a number of institutions of higher education. The University of North Florida (UNF), founded in 1969, is a public institution and a member of the State University System of Florida. Former mayor John Delaney has been president of UNF since leaving office in July 2003. Jacksonville University (JU) is a private institution founded in 1934. Edward Waters College, established in 1866, is the oldest college in Jacksonville and the state's oldest historically black college. Florida State College at Jacksonville is a state college and a member of the Florida College System, offering two-year associate's degrees as well as some four-year bachelor's degrees.Other colleges and universities in Jacksonville include Florida Coastal School of Law, The Art Institute of Jacksonville, and Jones College. Also in the area are St. Johns River State College, a state college with campuses in Clay, St. Johns, and Putnam Counties, and Flagler College in St. Augustine.
Economy
Business climate
Jacksonville's location on the St. Johns River and the Atlantic Ocean proved providential in the growth of the city and its industry. The largest city in the state, it is also the largest deepwater port in the South (as well as the second-largest port on the U.S. East coast) and a leading port in the U.S. for automobile imports, as well as the leading transportation and distribution hub in the state. However, the strength of the city's economy lies in its broad diversification. While the area once had many thriving dairies such as Gustafson's Farm and Skinner Dairy, this aspect of the economy has declined over time. The area's economy is balanced among distribution, financial services, biomedical technology, consumer goods, information services, manufacturing, insurance and other industries.Jacksonville is a rail, air, and highway focal point and a busy port of entry, with Jacksonville International Airport, ship repair yards and extensive freight-handling facilities. Lumber, phosphate, paper, cigars and wood pulp are the principal exports; automobiles and coffee are among imports. The city also has a large and diverse manufacturing base. According to Forbes in 2007, Jacksonville, Florida ranked 3rd in the top ten U.S. cities to relocate to find a job. Jacksonville was also the 10th fastest growing city in the U.S.
Cecil Commerce Center is located on the site of the former Naval Air Station Cecil Field which closed in 1999 following the 1993 Base Realignment and Closure (BRAC) decision. Covering a total area of , it was the largest military base in the Jacksonville area. The parcel contains more than 3% of the total land area in Duval County (17,000 acres). The industrial and commercial-zoned center offers mid to large-size parcels for development and boasts excellent transportation and utility infrastructure as well as the third-longest runway in Florida.
Companies
Jacksonville is home to many prominent corporations & organizations including three Fortune 500 Companies: CSX Corporation, Fidelity National Financial and Winn-Dixie Stores, Inc.. ''Fortune'' magazine identified Landstar System, MPS Group and PSS World Medical as the best big companies in Jacksonville in 2009.
Military
Jacksonville is home to multiple military facilities, and with Naval Submarine Base Kings Bay nearby gives Jacksonville the third largest naval presence in the country. Only Norfolk, Virginia and San Diego, California are bigger. The military is by far the largest employer in Jacksonville and its total economic impact is approximately $6.1 billion annually.Naval Air Station Jacksonville is a military airport located four miles (6 km) south of the central business district. Approximately 23,000 civilian and active-duty personnel are employed on the base. There are 35 operational units/squadrons assigned there and support facilities include an airfield for pilot training, a maintenance depot capable of virtually any task, from changing a tire to intricate micro-electronics or total engine disassembly. Also on-site is a Naval Hospital, a Fleet Industrial Supply Center, a Navy Family Service Center, and recreational facilities.
Naval Station Mayport is a Navy Ship Base that is the third largest fleet concentration area in the United States. Mayport's operational composition is unique, with a busy harbor capable of accommodating 34 ships and an runway capable of handling any aircraft used by the Department of Defense. Until 2007, it was home to the aircraft carrier USS ''John F. Kennedy'', which locals called "Big John". In January 2009, the Navy committed to stationing a nuclear-powered carrier at Mayport when the official ''Record of Decision'' was signed. The port will require approximately $500 million in facility enhancements to support the larger vessel, which will take several years to complete. The ship is projected to arrive in 2014.
Blount Island Command is a Marine Corps Logistics Base whose mission is to support the Maritime Prepositioning Force (MPF) which provides for rapid deployment of personnel to link up with prepositioned equipment and supplies embarked aboard forward deployed Maritime Prepositioning Ships (MPS).
USS ''Jacksonville'', a nuclear powered Los Angeles class submarine, is a US Navy ship named for the city. The ship's nickname is ''The Bold One'' and Norfolk, Virginia is her home port.
The Florida Air National Guard is based at Jacksonville International Airport.
Coast Guard Sector Jacksonville is located on the St. Johns River next to Naval Station Mayport. Sector Jacksonville controls operations from Kings Bay, GA south to Cape Canaveral, FL. The CGC Kingfisher, CGC Maria Bray, and CGC Hammer are stationed at the Sector. Station Mayport is co-located with Sector Jacksonville and includes Response Boats, and Motor Life Boats.
Port
The Port of Jacksonville, a seaport on the St. Johns River, is a large component of the local economy. Approximately 50,000 jobs in Northeast Florida are related to port activity and the port has an economic impact of $2.7 billion in Northeast Florida:
Tourism
In 2008, Jacksonville had approximately 2.8 million visitors who stayed overnight, spending nearly $1 billion. Research Data Services of Tampa was commissioned to undertake the study, which quantified the importance of tourism. The total economic impact was $1.6 billion and supported nearly 43,000 jobs, 10% of the local workforce.
Infrastructure
Health systems
Major players in the Jacksonville health care industry include St. Vincent's HealthCare, Baptist Health and Shands HealthCare for local residents. Additionally, Nemours Children's Clinic and Mayo Clinic Hospital each draw patients regionally.
Housing
The Jacksonville Housing Authority (JHA) is the quasi-independent agency responsible for public housing and subsidized housing in Jacksonville. The Mayor and City Council of Jacksonville established the JHA in 1994 to create an effective, community service oriented, public housing agency with innovative ideas and a different attitude. The primary goal was to provide safe, clean, affordable housing for eligible low and moderate income families, the elderly, and persons with disabilities. The secondary goal was to provide effective social services, work with residents to improve their quality of life, encourage employment and self-sufficiency, and help residents move out of assisted housing. To that end, JHA works with HabiJax to help low and moderate income families to escape the public housing cycle and become successful, productive, homeowners and taxpayers.
Non-profit/service organizations
The TaxExemptWorld.com website, which compiles Internal Revenue Service data, reported that in 2007, there are 2,910 distinct, active, tax exempt/non-profit organizations in Jacksonville which, excluding Credit Unions, had a total income of $7.08 billion and assets of $9.54 billion. There are 333 charitable organizations with assets of over $1 million. The largest share of assets was tied to Medical facilities, $4.5 billion. The problems of the homeless are addressed by several non-profits, most notably the Sulzbacher Center and the Clara White Mission.
Utilities
Basic utilities in Jacksonville (water, sewer, electric) are provided by the JEA (formerly Jacksonville Electric Authority). According to Article 21 of the ''Jacksonville City Charter'', "JEA is authorized to own, manage and operate a utilities system within and outside the City of Jacksonville. JEA is created for the express purpose of acquiring, constructing, operating, financing and otherwise have plenary authority with respect to electric, water, sewer, natural gas and such other utility systems as may be under its control now or in the future."
Transportation
Highways
;Interstate highwaysInterstate Highways 10 and 95 intersect in Jacksonville, creating the busiest intersection in the region with 200,000 vehicles each day. Interstate 10 ends at this intersection (the other end being in Santa Monica, California). The eastern terminus of US-90 is in nearby Jacksonville Beach near the Atlantic Ocean. Additionally, several other roads as well a major local expressway, J. Turner Butler Boulevard (SR 202) also connect Jacksonville to the beaches. Interstate 95 has a bypass route, with I-295, which bypasses the city to the west, and SR-9A, bypassing the city to the east. The major interchange at SR 9A and SR 202 (Butler Blvd) was finally completed on December 24, 2008. SR 9B is underway and will connect 9A just east of the I-295 interchange to the Bayard Area.
Mass transit
Public transportation provided by the Jacksonville Transportation Authority (JTA) includes regular and express bus service, downtown trolleys, JTA Connexion (paratransit) and the stadium shuttle. The JTA Skyway is a people mover which travels from the King Street parking garage across the St. Johns River and through the central business district, ending at the Convention Center or the Florida State College at Jacksonville downtown campus. Intermediate stops include the government center, central business area and two buildings on the southbank. It was not intended to serve the Jacksonville Sports complex (Stadium, Baseball Park or Arena) and is of limited help for most downtown commuters unless they live on the southside and work in a building close to a skyway station.
Railroads
Jacksonville is the headquarters of two significant freight railroads. CSX Transportation, owns a large building on the downtown riverbank that is a significant part of the skyline. Florida East Coast Railway also calls Jacksonville home.Amtrak serves Jacksonville by the daily ''Silver Meteor'' and ''Silver Star'' long distance trains. The current station is situated on Clifford Lane in the northwest section of the city.
Jacksonville was also served by the thrice-weekly ''Sunset Limited'' and the daily ''Silver Palm''. Service on the ''Silver Palm'' was cut back to Savannah, Georgia in 2002. The ''Sunset Limited'' route was truncated at San Antonio, Texas as a result of the track damage in the Gulf Coast area caused by Hurricane Katrina on August 28, 2005. Service was restored as far east as New Orleans by late October 2005, but Amtrak has opted not to fully restore service into Florida. This appears to be more of a managerial and political issue than a physical one. Advocates for the train's restoration have pointed to revenue figures for Amtrak's fiscal year 2004 (the last full year of coast-to-coast ''Sunset Limited'' service), noting that the Orlando-New Orleans segment accounted for 41% of the ''Sunset's'' revenue.
Airports
Airports in Jacksonville are managed by the Jacksonville Aviation Authority (JAA). The commercial passenger facility is Jacksonville International Airport on the Northside. Smaller planes can fly to Craig Municipal Airport in Arlington and Herlong Airport on the Westside. The JAA also operates Cecil Field, the former NAS airfield at Cecil Commerce Center that is intended for the aerospace and manufacturing companies located there.
Seaports
Public seaports in Jacksonville are managed by the Jacksonville Port Authority, known as JAXPORT. Four modern deepwater (38 ft) seaport facilities, including America's newest cruise port, make Jacksonville a full-service international seaport. In FY2006, JAXPORT handled 8.7 million tons of cargo, including nearly 610,000 vehicles, which ranks Jacksonville 2nd in the nation in automobile handling, behind only the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey.The 20 other maritime facilities not managed by the Port Authority move about 10 million tons of additional cargo in and out of the St. Johns River. In terms of total tonnage, the Port of Jacksonville ranks 40th nationally; within Florida, it is 3rd behind Tampa and Port Everglades.
In 2003, the JAXPORT Cruise Terminal opened, providing cruise service for 1,500 passengers to Key West, Florida, the Bahamas, and Mexico via Carnival Cruise Lines ship, Celebration, which was retired in April, 2008. For almost five months, no cruises originated from Jacksonville until September 20, 2008, when the cruise ship Fascination departed with 2,079 passengers. In Fiscal year 2006, there were 78 cruise ship sailings with 128,745 passengers. A JaxPort spokesperson said in 2008 that they expect 170,000 passengers to sail each year.
Bridges
There are seven bridges over the St. Johns River at Jacksonville. They include (starting from furthest downstream) the Napoleon Bonaparte Broward Bridge (Dames Point) (which carries Florida State Road 9A traffic), the John E. Mathews Bridge, the Isaiah D. Hart Bridge, the John T. Alsop Jr. Bridge (Main Street), the St. Elmo W. Acosta Bridge, the Fuller Warren Bridge (which carries I-95 traffic) and the Henry Holland Buckman Bridge (which carries I-295 West traffic).Beginning in 1953, tolls were charged on the Hart, Mathews, Fuller Warren and the Main Street bridges to pay for bridge construction, renovations and many other highway projects. As Jacksonville grew, toll plazas created bottlenecks and caused delays and accidents during rush hours. In 1988, Jacksonville voters chose to eliminate toll collection and replace the revenue with a ½ cent local sales tax increase. In 1989, the toll booths were removed.
The Mayport Ferry connects the north and south ends of State Road A1A between Mayport and Fort George Island, and is the last active ferry in Florida. The state of Florida transferred responsibility for ferry operations to JAXPORT on October 1, 2007.
Sister cities
Jacksonville has eight sister cities. They are: {| |- | valign="top" | - Bahía Blanca, Argentina (since 1967) - Murmansk, Russia (1975) - Changwon, South Korea (1983) - Nantes, France (1984) - Yingkou, Liaoning, China (1990) - Port Elizabeth/Nelson Mandela Bay, South Africa (2000) - Curitiba, Brazil (2009) - San Juan, Puerto Rico (2009)
|}
See also
References
Further reading
External links
Category:1832 establishments in the United States Category:Census balances in the United States Category:Cities in Duval County, Florida Category:County seats in Florida Category:Port cities in Florida Category:Port settlements in the United States Category:Populated places established in 1791 Category:Populated places on the St. Johns River Category:Consolidated city–counties in the United States
af:Jacksonville ang:Jacksonville, Florida ar:جاكسونفيل، فلوريدا zh-min-nan:Jacksonville be-x-old:Джэксанвіль bg:Джаксънвил ca:Jacksonville cs:Jacksonville da:Jacksonville de:Jacksonville (Florida) et:Jacksonville es:Jacksonville (Florida) eo:Jacksonville (Florido) eu:Jacksonville fa:جکسونویل fo:Jacksonville fr:Jacksonville fy:Jacksonville ga:Jacksonville, Florida gl:Jacksonville, Florida ko:잭슨빌 (플로리다 주) hy:Ջեքսոնվիլ (Ֆլորիդա) hr:Jacksonville, Florida io:Jacksonville, Florida id:Jacksonville, Florida ia:Jacksonville, Florida os:Джэксонвилл (Флоридæ) is:Jacksonville it:Jacksonville he:ג'קסונוויל pam:Jacksonville, Florida ka:ჯექსონვილი kw:Jacksonville, Florida sw:Jacksonville, Florida ht:Jacksonville, Florid mrj:Джэксонвилл (Флорида) la:Iacsoniapolis (Florida) lv:Džeksonvila lt:Džeksonvilis lmo:Jacksonville, Florida hu:Jacksonville mk:Џексонвил (Флорида) mi:Jacksonville mr:जॅक्सनव्हिल nl:Jacksonville (Florida) ja:ジャクソンビル no:Jacksonville nn:Jacksonville oc:Jacksonville (Florida) pl:Jacksonville (Floryda) pt:Jacksonville ro:Jacksonville, Florida qu:Jacksonville (Florida) ru:Джэксонвилл (Флорида) sco:Jacksonville, Florida simple:Jacksonville, Florida sk:Jacksonville (Florida) sl:Jacksonville, Florida sr:Џексонвил fi:Jacksonville (Florida) sv:Jacksonville, Florida tl:Jacksonville, Plorida ta:ஜாக்சன்வில், புளோரிடா th:แจ็กสันวิลล์ tr:Jacksonville uk:Джексонвілл vi:Jacksonville, Florida vo:Jacksonville (Florida) war:Jacksonville, Florida yo:Jacksonville, Florida zh:杰克逊维尔 (佛罗里达州)This text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
| Coordinates | 7°18′48″N72°24′40″N |
|---|---|
| name | Daishi Dance |
| background | non_performing_personnel |
| born | 1976 |
| origin | Hokkaidō |
| genre | House, Electronic dance music |
| occupation | DJ |
| years active | 2006–present |
| label | Apt./new World Records (2006-2009)Urban Sound Project (2008-present) |
| associated acts | COLDFEET, DJ KAWASAKI, FreeTEMPO, Kat McDowell, Mika Nakashima, Studio Apartment |
| website | }} |
Daishi Dance (ダイシ・ダンス) is a male Japanese DJ born in 1976.
Summary
Daishi Dance performs in the heart of Sapporo, creating melodious house mixes that feature vocals conveying grief and discontent, and using three turn tables in a hybrid DJ style. Daishi Dance has performed at many events with artists such as Studio Apartment and FreeTEMPO. He has performed at CLUB YELLOW, in Roppongi, as well as with Morita Masananori of Studio Apartment, as the duet “MUSeUM", which performs at many regular events in the club. Since March, 2008, Daishi Dance has performed at the club ageHa, in Shinkiba, Tokyo- at the regular party called “POOL HOUSE”, and certain other events. On July 2, 2008, Daishi Dance released "The Ghibli Set", which contained 12 licensed remixes songs featured in movies created by Studio Ghibli. This album hit number 12 on the Oricon charts, and remained at this position for 3 weeks.
Releases
Chart positions
External links
References
Category:Japanese DJs Category:Japanese musicians Category:1976 births Category:Living people
ko:다이시 댄스 ja:DAISHI DANCEThis text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
| Coordinates | 7°18′48″N72°24′40″N |
|---|---|
| Name | Michael W. Smith |
| Background | solo_singer |
| Birth name | Michael Whitaker Smith |
| Born | October 07, 1957 Kenova, West Virginia, USA |
| Origin | Nashville, Tennessee, USA |
| Instrument | vocals, Piano, Guitar |
| Genre | CCM, Christian rock, Pop rock |
| Occupation | Singer-songwriter, Musician, Recording artist, Composer, Actor |
| Years active | 1983 – present |
| Label | Reunion Records, Provident Label Group |
| Associated acts | Amy Grant, Chris Rice, Steven Curtis Chapman |
| Website | www.michaelwsmith.com |
| Past members | }} |
Michael Whitaker Smith (born October 7, 1957) is a Billboard top ten Billboard Hot 100 recording artist and Grammy Award-winning American singer-songwriter, composer, and actor. He is one of the best-selling and most influential artists in Contemporary Christian music. Smith also has achieved a considerable amount of success in the mainstream music industry. Smith is a three-time Grammy Award winner, and has earned 40 Dove Awards. Over the course of his career, Michael W. Smith has sold more than 13 million albums and recorded 29 No. 1 Hit songs, fourteen gold albums, and five platinum albums. Smith is an American Music Award recipient; he was also named one of ''People'' magazine's "Most Beautiful People".
Early life
Michael Whitaker Smith was born to Paul and Barbara Smith in Kenova, West Virginia. His father was an oil refinery worker at the Ashland Oil Refinery, one of the top ten largest oil refineries in the world, in nearby Catlettsburg, Kentucky and his mother was a caterer. He inherited his love of baseball from his father, who had played in the minor leagues. As a child, he developed a love of music through his church. He learned piano at an early age and sang in his church choir. At the age of 10, he had "an intense spiritual experience" that led to his becoming a devout Christian. "I wore this big cross around my neck," he would recall, "It was very real to me." He became involved in Bible study and found a group of older friends who shared his religious faith.After his older Christian friends moved away to college, Smith began to struggle with feelings of loneliness and alienation. After graduating from high school, he gravitated toward alcohol and drugs. He attended Marshall University for a few semesters while developing his songwriting skills. He also played with various local bands around Huntington, West Virginia. During that time, his friend Shane Keister, who worked as a session musician in Nashville, encouraged him to move to Nashville, the Country Music capital, and pursue a career in music.
In 1978, Smith moved to Nashville, taking a job as a landscaper to support himself. He played with several local bands in the Nashville club scene. He also developed a problem with substance abuse.
In November 1979, Smith suffered a breakdown that led to his recommitment to Jesus Christ. The next day he auditioned for a new Christian Contemporary Music (CCM) group, Higher Ground, as a keyboardist and got the job. It was on his first tour with Higher Ground, playing mostly in churches, that Smith was finally able to put the drugs and alcohol behind him.
Career
In 1981, Smith was signed as a writer to Meadowgreen Music, where he wrote a number of gospel hits penned for artists such as Sandi Patty, Kathy Troccoli, Bill Gaither and Amy Grant, to the effect that some of these popular worship songs can now be found in church hymnals. The following year, Smith began touring as a keyboardist for Grant on her ''Age to Age'' tour. He would eventually become Grant's opening act and recorded his first Grammy-nominated solo album: ''The Michael W. Smith Project'' (which he also produced), in 1983, on the Reunion Records label; a label started by Grant's brother-in-law, Dan Harrell, along with Michael Blanton. This album contained the first recording of his hit "Friends", which he co-wrote with his wife Deborah. They wrote it one afternoon for a friend who was moving away.By the time Smith's second pop album was released in 1984, he was headlining his own tours. In 1986, Smith released ''The Big Picture'', produced by Johnny Potoker. Smith intros "Tearing Down the Walls" with an Amy Grant recording of "Emmanuel" played backwards via the CD search button. He has explained that he and Potoker were trying to come up with a different way to go into the song.
After the release of his 1988 effort, ''i 2 (EYE)'', Smith once again teamed up with Grant for her "Lead Me On World Tour". The following year, Smith recorded his first Christmas album.
In the mainstream
In 1990, Smith released ''Go West Young Man'', his first mainstream effort, including the mainstream crossover hit "Place in This World," which peaked at No. 6 on the Billboard Hot 100. In 1992, he released ''Change Your World'' (which included the No. 1 adult contemporary hit "I Will Be Here for You"), 1995's ''I'll Lead You Home'', and 1998's ''Live the Life''. Also in 1998, Smith released his second Christmas effort, ''Christmastime''. In 1999, Smith released "This Is Your Time" (about Cassie Bernall, one of the students killed during the Columbine massacre). In the music video for this song, the beginning shows a real video of Bernall talking about her religious beliefs and how she wanted to spread the word of God. Smith wrote the song with Wes King, the brother-in-law of Florida Secretary of State Katherine Harris. Smith had been asked to perform at some of the memorial services that were held in honor of the victims.In 1996, Smith opened his own record label, Rocketown Records, named for a song on ''The Big Picture''. He does not personally record on it. He states the label is driven by the artists, and the first artist signed was Chris Rice, who had written "Go Light Your World", a No. 1 hit song by Kathy Troccoli, in 1995. In 1999, Smith collaborated with Jim Brickman on "Love of My Life" from the album ''Destiny'', which went to No. 9 on the Hot Adult Contemporary Tracks.
Nearly all of Smith's albums contain at least one instrumental track, and in 2000, Smith recorded his first all instrumental album, ''Freedom''. The following year, Smith released an all Christian music album, ''Worship'', on September 11. This album was followed by a sequel, ''Worship Again'' in 2002, recorded live at Southeast Christian Church in Louisville, KY. Both albums were recorded live in concert. (Both are also the only two albums to be composed almost entirely of songs he did not write himself). A ''Worship'' DVD, which comprised a selection of songs from both albums, was recorded live in Edmonton, Alberta at YC Alberta and released in 2002. It immediately topped the Billboard video charts and went gold in both the U.S. and Canada.
Smith won the Male Vocalist of the Year award at the GMA Music Awards in 2003.
Smith wrote a song entitled "There She Stands", inspired by the September 11, 2001 attacks. He performed this song live for the 2004 Republican National Convention, saying that President George W. Bush, whom he said is a fan and a family friend, had asked him to write a song about the attacks.
Smith's album, ''Healing Rain'', was released in 2004 and debuted at No. 11 on the Billboard Hot 200 Chart. The title track rose to No. 1 on the Radio & Records Charts and a music video for the song was released. The album nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Pop/Contemporary Gospel Album, combines the pop style of his previous recordings with the religious feel of his two releases in that genre. A new album, ''Stand'', was released in November 2006.
In October 2007, he released ''It's a Wonderful Christmas''. On June 20, 2008, Smith recorded his third live Worship album at the Lakewood Church in Houston, Texas, titled ''A New Hallelujah''. It was released in October 2008. That same month he began a tour with Steven Curtis Chapman. In September 2010, he released ''Wonder'', and in October started touring with Third Day, tobyMac, and Max Lucado on the "Make A Difference" tour.
Other ventures
In 1994, Smith opened a teen club, named Rocketown, in Nashville, Tennessee (6th Avenue). Later in early 2003, the club was moved to a new location — a renovated warehouse in downtown Nashville. The venue offers a large dance floor, extensive indoor skate park, and a cafe hosting live acoustic music.Smith is actively involved in volunteer service and is vice chair of the President's Council on Service and Civic Participation, which is chaired by Jean Case of the Case Foundation. He is also an avid spokesperson for sponsoring children through Compassion International. Smith finished work on a film directed by Steve Taylor entitled ''The Second Chance'' which was released on February 17, 2006 in selected theatres. In the movie, he stars as a pastor assigned to work in the inner city. The DVD of the movie was released in July 2006.
Personal life
Smith is married to Deborah "Debbie" Kay Davis (b. 1958) and has five children: Ryan Whitaker, Whitney Katherine Smith-Mooring (married to Jack Mooring (of the band Leeland)), Tyler Michael (keyboard player for the United Tour), Anna Elizabeth and Emily Allison. He resides in the Nashville suburbs and spends time at the Smith family farm.Alderson-Broaddus College awarded Smith the degree Doctor of Music honoris causa in 1992.
Smith is the founding and visionary pastor of New River Fellowship in Franklin, Tennessee where he was the lead pastor from 2006 and 2008. Currently Smith and his wife remain involved members of the church.
Smith supports the Republican Party, and is personal friends with several prominent Republicans, including former President George W. Bush.
Discography
''See Michael W. Smith discography for a complete discography.''
Awards
;Grammy awards;Grammy Nominations
;Dove Awards
References
External links
Category:1957 births Category:Living people Category:American film actors Category:American songwriters Category:American pianists Category:American composers Category:American guitarists Category:Christian religion-related songwriters Category:People from Huntington, West Virginia Category:People from Nashville, Tennessee Category:American Christians Category:Grammy Award winners Category:Tennessee Republicans Category:West Virginia Republicans Category:Contemporary worship music Category:American performers of Christian music Category:Musicians from West Virginia Category:Musicians from Tennessee
cs:Michael W. Smith de:Michael W. Smith es:Michael W. Smith fr:Michael W. Smith ko:마이클 휘태커 스미스 it:Michael W. Smith lv:Maikls V. Smits hu:Michael W. Smith nl:Michael W. Smith ja:マイケル・W・スミス no:Michael W. Smith pl:Michael W. Smith pt:Michael W. Smith ru:Смит, Майкл Уитакер fi:Michael W. Smith sv:Michael W. Smith zh:米高·W·史密夫This text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
| Coordinates | 7°18′48″N72°24′40″N |
|---|---|
| company name | Jianghuai Automobile安徽江淮汽车股份有限公司 |
| company logo | |
| company type | Public company |
| foundation | 1964 (as Hefei Jianghuai Automobile) |
| location city | Hefei, Anhui |
| location country | China |
| industry | Automotive |
| products | Automotive goods |
| homepage | www.jac.com.cn |
| footnotes | }} |
Jianghuai Automobile Co Ltd (SSE:600418) (), also known as JAC, is a state-owned automobile and commercial vehicle manufacturer. The company is based in Hefei, Anhui Province, China.
In 2010 it was one of the top ten most-productive vehicle manufacturers in China selling 458,500 units for 0.25% market share and reaching eighth place. Estimated production capacity is over 500,000 units/year as of 2009. Production capacity figures may consider engines and vehicles as discrete.
History
Established in 1964 as Hefei Jianghuai Automobile Factory, its name was changed to Anhui Jianghuai Automobile Co Ltd in 1997. The company made an IPO on the Shanghai Stock Exchange in 2001.JAC has historically only produced commercial trucks (under the brand name Jianghui), but MPVs and SUVs appeared in the 2000s. By 2007 the company had gained government approval for passenger car production but, nonetheless, continued to be referred to as a truck maker.
In a recent event a 2009 Chinese government indication that it was in continued support of consolidation in the Chinese auto industry led analysts to predict the possibility of JAC joining with Chery since they are both located in Anhui province. On the surface such a merger would make sense: Chery mainly built passenger cars and JAC was almost entirely focused on trucks at the time. Since then, however, JAC has made it clear that they are not interested in consolidation under the aegis of the larger Chery. JAC has began to concentrate more on passenger cars, and a 2010 announcement of a new electric vehicle program may at least partially have been an effort to stave off the rumored merger.
Sales reached more than 300,000 units in 2009 including 12,100 sold overseas.
CSR
Corporate Social Responsibility activities include donations to support forest preservation as well as to educational opportunities for the poor.
Joint Ventures
JAC announced a pair of joint ventures with Navistar International Corporation and NC2 Global (itself a Navistar/Caterpillar joint venture) on 16 September 2010. The NC2 joint venture will manufacture heavy duty trucks and parts, while the Navistar joint venture will build medium to heavy diesel engines in China with parts and services provisioned by Navistar. The new companies will both be located in Hefei where JAC is also based.
Sales outside China
Since export began in 1990 (to Bolivia), JAC products have been sold in over 100 nations. Light trucks are a popular export product.Some exports are in the form of knock-down kits, which are assembled at overseas factories in countries including Egypt, Ethiopia, and Vietnam. As of 2010 a possible factory in Slovakia is under discussion. Such factories are not necessarily owned by or affiliated with JAC. Knock-down exports are an easy way to gain access to developing markets without added after-sales service costs.
In 2009 JAC started a partnership with a distributor in Brazil, the SHC group. As of early 2011, it had more than 10,000 firm orders from its Brazilian partner. In 2009 JAC also had plans to build a production base in the country.
Models
JAC has a wide model line that spans from commercial trucks to small city cars. Some of its models may be real standouts. In 2009 a Pininfarina-designed city car, the JAC Tojoy, won numerous awards including the J.D. Power China Automotive Performance, Execution and Layout (APEAL) award.In the 2000s its flagship model was the Refine (''Ruifeng'' in Chinese). The restyled 2004 Ruifeng Gold featured 60% Chinese-made part content.
Electric vehicles
As of August 2010, JAC plans to make electric or hybrid-electric vehicles at an as-yet-unbuilt production base. China subsidizes oil (an incentive for the State to encourage use and manufacture of electric cars), and Chinese automakers see opportunities in less mature electric vehicles as Western companies have yet to develop much of a lead in the technology.
Production bases and facilities
An R&D; facility in Hefei, capital of Anhui province, is complemented by two overseas R&D; centres in Turin, Italy, and in Tokyo, Japan.A 40,000 unit/year medium-to-heavy truck production base should become operation in 2012 and is probably located in Hefei. Production capacity figures may consider engines and vehicles as discrete.
References
External links
JAC official site JAC official site
Category:Motor vehicle manufacturers of the People's Republic of China Category:Car manufacturers of China Category:Companies established in 1964 Category:Truck manufacturers Category:Companies based in Anhui
de:Anhui Jianghuai Automobile fa:جیایسی pt:Jac Motors Brasil ru:JAC uk:Jianghuai AutomobileThis text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
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Let It Rain - Michael W Smith -JAC/TOGministries Int'l
PstNjoki
Let It Rain - Michael W Smith -JAC/TOGministries Int'l
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