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Labrador
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Innu
The Innu are the indigenous inhabitants of an area they refer to as Nitassinan, which comprises most of what non-First Nations Canadians refer to as northeastern Quebec and Labrador. Their population in 2003 includes about 18,000 people, of which 15,000 live in Quebec.
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Innu people
http://wn.com/Innu_people -
Inuit
The Inuit are a group of culturally similar indigenous peoples inhabiting the Arctic regions of Canada (Northwest Territories, Nunatsiavut, Nunavik, Nunavut), Denmark (Greenland), Russia (Siberia) and the United States (Alaska). The Inuit language is grouped under Eskimo-Aleut languages. An Inuk is an Inuit person.
http://wn.com/Inuit -
Jacques Cartier
Jacques Cartier (December 31, 1491 – September 1, 1557) was a French explorer of Breton origin who claimed what is now Canada for France. He was the first European to describe and map the Gulf of Saint Lawrence and the shores of the Saint Lawrence River, which he named "The Country of Canadas", after the Iroquois names for the two big settlements he saw at Stadacona (Quebec City) and at Hochelaga (Montreal Island).
http://wn.com/Jacques_Cartier -
John Cabot
Giovanni Caboto (known in English as John Cabot; c. 1450 – c. 1499) was an Italian navigator and explorer whose 1497 discovery of North America is commonly held to be the second European voyage to the continent since Christopher Columbus a few years earlier. The official position of the Canadian and United Kingdom governments is that he landed on the island of Newfoundland.
http://wn.com/John_Cabot -
Leif Ericson
Leif Ericson ( or in English; ; c. 970 – c. 1020) was a Norse explorer who is regarded as the first European to land in North America (excluding Greenland), nearly 500 years before Christopher Columbus. According to the Sagas of Icelanders, he established a Norse settlement at Vinland, which has been tentatively identified with the L'Anse aux Meadows Norse site on the northern tip of the island of Newfoundland in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada.
http://wn.com/Leif_Ericson
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Anticosti Island
Anticosti Island (French, ''Île d'Anticosti'') is an island at the outlet of the Saint Lawrence River into the Gulf of Saint Lawrence, in Quebec, Canada, between 49° and 50° N., and between 61° 40' and 64° 30' W. At in size, it is the 90th largest island in the world and 20th largest island in Canada. Anticosti Island is separated on the north from the Côte-Nord region of Quebec (the Labrador Peninsula) by the Jacques Cartier Strait and on the south from the Gaspé Peninsula by the Honguedo Strait.
http://wn.com/Anticosti_Island -
Atlantic Canada
Atlantic Canada, also known as the Atlantic provinces, is the region of Canada comprising the four provinces located on the Atlantic coast, excluding Quebec: the three Maritime provinces – New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and Prince Edward Island – and Newfoundland and Labrador. The population of the Atlantic provinces was 2,337,561 as of 2009.
http://wn.com/Atlantic_Canada -
Blanc-Sablon, Quebec
Blanc-Sablon, Quebec is the easternmost community in the province of Quebec, Canada, between the municipalities of Côte-Nord-du-Golfe-du-Saint-Laurent and L'Anse-au-Clair, in Labrador. With a population of 1,263 inhabitants, it is the most populous municipality in Le Golfe-du-Saint-Laurent Regional County Municipality.
http://wn.com/Blanc-Sablon_Quebec -
British Empire
The British Empire comprised the dominions, colonies, protectorates, mandates and other territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom. It originated with the overseas colonies and trading posts established by England in the late 16th and early 17th centuries. At its height it was the largest empire in history and, for over a century, was the foremost global power. By 1922 the British Empire held sway over about 458 million people, one-quarter of the world's population at the time, and covered more than 13 million square miles (34 million km2), almost a quarter of the Earth's total land area. As a result, its political, linguistic and cultural legacy is widespread. At the peak of its power, it was often said that "the sun never sets on the British Empire" because its span across the globe ensured that the sun was always shining on at least one of its numerous territories.
http://wn.com/British_Empire -
Cabot Strait
Cabot Strait (; , ) is a strait in eastern Canada approximately 110 kilometres wide between Cape Ray, Newfoundland and Cape North, Cape Breton Island. It is the widest of the three outlets for the Gulf of Saint Lawrence into the Atlantic Ocean, the others being the Strait of Belle Isle and Strait of Canso. It is named for the Genoese explorer Giovanni Caboto.
http://wn.com/Cabot_Strait -
Canada
Canada () is a country in North America, extending from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west and northward into the Arctic Ocean. It is the world's second largest country by total area. Canada's common border with the United States to the south and northwest is the longest in the world.
http://wn.com/Canada -
Canadian War Museum
The Canadian War Museum (CWM) () is Canada’s national museum of military history. Located in Ottawa, Ontario, the museum covers all facets of Canada’s military past, from the first recorded instances of death by armed violence in Canadian history several thousand years ago to the country’s most recent involvement in conflicts. It includes major permanent exhibitions on wars that have been fought on Canadian soil, the total wars of the twentieth century, the Cold War and peace support operations abroad, and Canada’s history of honouring and remembrance. There is also an open storage area displaying large objects from the Museum’s collection, from naval guns to tanks, from motorcycles to jet aircraft. The exhibits depict Canada’s military past in its personal, national and international dimensions, with special emphasis on the human experience of war and the manner in which war has affected, and been affected by, Canadians’ participation.
http://wn.com/Canadian_War_Museum -
Cape Chidley
Cape Chidley is a headland located on the eastern shore of Killiniq Island, Canada at the northeastern tip of the Labrador Peninsula.
http://wn.com/Cape_Chidley -
CFB Goose Bay
Canadian Forces Base Goose Bay (also CFB Goose Bay), is a Canadian Forces Base located in the town of Happy Valley-Goose Bay, Newfoundland and Labrador.
http://wn.com/CFB_Goose_Bay -
Colorado
Colorado (pronounced or, chiefly by outsiders, ) is a U.S. state that encompasses most of the Southern Rocky Mountains as well as the northeastern portion of the Colorado Plateau and the western edge of the Great Plains. Colorado is part of the Western United States, the Mountain States, and the Southwestern United States.
http://wn.com/Colorado -
Forteau
Forteau is a town in the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador. The town had a population of 448 in the Canada 2006 Census.
http://wn.com/Forteau -
France
{{Infobox Country
http://wn.com/France -
Hamilton Inlet
Hamilton Inlet is a fjord-like inlet on the Labrador coast of the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador. Together with Lake Melville, it forms the province's largest estuary, extending over 140 kilometres inland to Happy Valley-Goose Bay and primarily draining the Churchill River and Naskaupi River watersheds. Lake Melville is considered a part of Hamilton Inlet and extends west of the deep, narrow passage at the community of Rigolet. A ferry service runs on Hamilton Inlet, connecting the communities of Happy Valley-Goose Bay with Cartwright and Lewisporte.
http://wn.com/Hamilton_Inlet -
L'Anse-au-Loup
'''L'Anse-au-Loup''' is a town in the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador. The town had a population of 593 in the Canada 2006 Census.
http://wn.com/L'Anse-au-Loup -
Labrador City
Labrador City is a town in western Labrador (part of the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador), near the Quebec border. As of 2006, its population is 7,240. Labrador City is neighboured by Wabush, a smaller town with a population of approximately 1,739 as of 2006; together, the "twin towns" are known as Labrador West.
http://wn.com/Labrador_City -
Labrador Peninsula
The Labrador Peninsula is a large peninsula in eastern Canada. It is bounded by the Hudson Bay to the west, the Hudson Strait to the north, the Labrador Sea to the east, and the Gulf of Saint Lawrence to the south-east. The peninsula includes the region of Labrador, which is part of the province of Newfoundland and Labrador, and the regions of Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean, Côte-Nord, and Nord-du-Québec, which are in the province of Quebec.It has an area of , and a population of about 150,000 (2006 census).
http://wn.com/Labrador_Peninsula -
Landsat Island
Landsat Island is a small, uninhabited island located 20 km off the northeast coast of Labrador (part of the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador). It was discovered in 1973 during the analysis of imagery from the Landsat 1 satellite and comprises a total area of only 25 m by 45 m (1,125 m²).
http://wn.com/Landsat_Island -
London
London () is the capital of England and the United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its founding by the Romans, who called it Londinium. London's core, the ancient City of London, largely retains its square-mile mediaeval boundaries. Since at least the 19th century, the name London has also referred to the metropolis developed around this core. The bulk of this conurbation forms the London region and the Greater London administrative area, governed by the elected Mayor of London and the London Assembly.
http://wn.com/London -
Magdalen Islands
The Magdalen Islands (French, Îles de la Madeleine) form a small archipelago in the Gulf of Saint Lawrence with a land area of . Though closer to Prince Edward Island and Nova Scotia, the islands form part of the Canadian province of Quebec.
http://wn.com/Magdalen_Islands -
Mont Wright (Quebec)
Mont Wright is a mountain near Fermont, Quebec, a site of major iron ore mining operations since the 1970s by Québec Cartier Mining Company.
http://wn.com/Mont_Wright_(Quebec) -
NATO
The North Atlantic Treaty Organization or NATO ( ; ), also called the "(North) Atlantic Alliance", is an intergovernmental military alliance based on the North Atlantic Treaty which was signed on 4 April 1949. The NATO headquarters are in Brussels, Belgium, and the organization constitutes a system of collective defence whereby its member states agree to mutual defence in response to an attack by any external party.
http://wn.com/NATO -
Newfoundland Railway
The Newfoundland Railway was a railway which operated on the island of Newfoundland from 1898 to 1988. With a total track length of , it was the longest narrow gauge railway system in North America.
http://wn.com/Newfoundland_Railway -
North West River
North West River is a small town located in central Labrador. Established in 1743 as a trading post by French Fur Trader Louis Fornel, the community later went on to become a hub for the Hudson's Bay Company and home to a hospital and school serving the needs of coastal Labrador. North West River is the oldest community in central Labrador.
http://wn.com/North_West_River -
Nova Scotia
Nova Scotia (pronounced ; ) is one of Canada's three Maritime provinces and is the most populous province in Atlantic Canada. The provincial capital is Halifax. Nova Scotia is the second-smallest province in Canada with an area of . As of 2009, the population is 940,397, which makes Nova Scotia the second-most-densely populated province.
http://wn.com/Nova_Scotia -
Nunavut
Nunavut (from Inuktitut: ᓄᓇᕗᑦ ) is the largest and newest federal territory of Canada; it was separated officially from the Northwest Territories on April 1, 1999, via the Nunavut Act and the Nunavut Land Claims Agreement Act, though the actual boundaries had been established in 1993. The creation of Nunavut – meaning "our land" in Inuktitut – resulted in the first major change to Canada's map since the incorporation of the new province of Newfoundland in 1949.
http://wn.com/Nunavut -
Parliament of Canada
The Parliament of Canada () is the federal legislative branch of Canada, seated at Parliament Hill in the national capital, Ottawa. Formally, the body consists of the Canadian monarch—represented by her governor general—the Senate, and the House of Commons, each element having its own officers and organisation. The governor general summons and appoints each of the 105 members of the upper house on the advice of the Prime Minister of Canada, while the 308 members of the lower house are directly elected by eligible voters in the Canadian populace, with each Member of Parliament representing a single electoral district.
http://wn.com/Parliament_of_Canada -
Port Hope Simpson
Port Hope Simpson, population 529 (2006), is a town located on the southeastern Labrador coast, 215 kilometres from the Quebec/Labrador border. It had its beginnings in the 1930s as a company town.
http://wn.com/Port_Hope_Simpson -
Quebec
Quebec or ( ) is a province in east-central Canada. It is the only Canadian province with a predominantly French-speaking population and the only one whose sole official language is French at the provincial level.
http://wn.com/Quebec -
Saxony
The Free State of Saxony ( ; ) is a state of Germany, located in the southeastern part of present-day Germany. It is the tenth-largest German state in area (18,413 km²) and the sixth largest in population (4.3 million), of Germany's sixteen states.
http://wn.com/Saxony -
Sept-Îles, Quebec
Sept-Îles ( , French for "Seven Islands") is a city in the Côte-Nord region of eastern Quebec, Canada. It is the northernmost town in Quebec with any significant population. It is among the northernmost locales with a paved connection to the rest of Quebec's road network.The population is 25,514 according to the 2006 census.
http://wn.com/Sept-Îles_Quebec -
Strait of Belle Isle
The Strait of Belle Isle (), sometimes referred to as Straits of Belle Isle or Labrador Straits) is a waterway in eastern Canada that separates the Labrador Peninsula from the island of Newfoundland, in the province of Newfoundland and Labrador.
http://wn.com/Strait_of_Belle_Isle -
Torngat Mountains
The Torngat Mountains are a mountain range located on the Labrador Peninsula at the northern tip of Newfoundland and Labrador and eastern Quebec and are part of the Arctic Cordillera. This is the peninsula that separates Ungava Bay from the Atlantic Ocean. Approximately 56% of the range is located in Quebec, with 44% located in Labrador and the remaining less-than-1% located on Killiniq Island in Nunavut. The Torngat Mountains cover 30,067 square kilometres (11,609 square miles), including lowland areas and extend over from Cape Chidley in the north to Hebron Fjord in the south. The Torngat Mountains have some of the highest peaks of eastern, continental North America.
http://wn.com/Torngat_Mountains -
Wabush
Wabush is a small town in the western tip of Labrador, known for transportation and iron ore operations for over three decades (1967 to 2007).
http://wn.com/Wabush
- Atlantic Canada
- Atlantic Ocean
- Baie-Comeau
- Blanc-Sablon, Quebec
- British Empire
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- Canadian Coast Guard
- Canadian Shield
- Canadian War Museum
- Cape Chidley
- CFB Goose Bay
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- Cold War
- Colorado
- Dominions
- Flag of Labrador
- Forteau
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- Gaspar Corte-Real
- Grenfell Mission
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- Innu
- Innu people
- Inuit
- iron ore
- Jacques Cartier
- John Cabot
- Killiniq Island
- L'Anse-au-Loup
- Labrador City
- Labrador Current
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- Quebec
- Quebec Route 138
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- Smallwood Reservoir
- snowmobile
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- Subarctic climate
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- Weather Station Kurt
- Wilfred Grenfell
- World War II
Labrador, Sam Filmography
- Island of Lost Men (1939) (actor, plays Native Servant)
- Think Fast, Mr. Moto (1937) (actor, plays Menial)
- East of Java (1935) (actor, plays Crewman)
- Bright Eyes (1934) (actor, plays Tony - Airport Houseboy)
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16 week labrador (lab) retriever puppy dog training and tricks
Boomer has some new tricks to show off. Among the newer ones are moonwalk and bow. I am currently trying to combine back, come, and twirl into one command: line dance.
http://wn.com/16_week_labrador_lab_retriever_puppy_dog_training_and_tricks
Meet the Breed - Labrador Retriever
Loving, lovable and very patient. Highly intelligent and good-natured. The Labrador Retriever is one of the friendliest breeds in the world. This comprehensive video, courtesy of Eukanuba, is a great way to gain an understanding of the history, characteristics and care for this amazing breed.
http://wn.com/Meet_the_Breed__Labrador_Retriever
Jack the Labrador Summer 07
Does one need to encourage a labrador retriever to swim????????
http://wn.com/Jack_the_Labrador_Summer_07
Labrador and Dolphin swim together
Labrador and Dolphin play in the harbour (Tory Island Harbour, Ireland) source: BBC "CountryFile" see also photo ... dog meets seal min.us
http://wn.com/Labrador_and_Dolphin_swim_together
Labrador Retriever Puppy - Siesta
Video with our nice labrador retriever puppies.
http://wn.com/Labrador_Retriever_Puppy__Siesta
3 month old labrador Retriever Puppy doing tricks
This is my new puppy Maya, she is 3 months old born May 5 this year. I have been clicker training her for about 9 days and we've had her for about 14 days total. We use the harness for walking her and the bell to notice when she stops so we don't yank her head off, the harness has worked a lot better then a regular collar when we go on walks. focusdog.com
http://wn.com/3_month_old_labrador_Retriever_Puppy_doing_tricks
How to Train Labrador Retrievers
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:12
- Published: 28 Oct 2009
- Uploaded: 01 Nov 2011
- Author: CottonwoodHuntClub
CottonwoodRanchAndKennel.com Labrador Retriever Training with Ted Hoff "World Class Dog Trainer". Trains Black Labrador Retriever, Mae. Great demonstration of obedience training. 97-921-7100
http://wn.com/How_to_Train_Labrador_Retrievers
Black Labrador Loves The Swings
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 0:51
- Published: 25 Aug 2010
- Uploaded: 31 Oct 2011
- Author: liquidblackuk
My mate's labrador goes crazy if he sits on a swing at the park. For other videos featuring this dog please go to my channel.
http://wn.com/Black_Labrador_Loves_The_Swings
Crufts 2009 Labrador Dog Judging
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:08
- Published: 09 Mar 2009
- Uploaded: 27 Oct 2011
- Author: rcgill1234
Crufts 2009 Labrador Dog Judging, featuring lineups from the Undergraduate, Graduate, Postgraduate, Midlimit, Limit, Open and Good Citizen Classes. The best dog award ( Challenge Certificate) is then awarded to Sh Ch Sandylands Pressed for Time. The reserve CC is won by Sh Ch Silver Suede over Rocheby
http://wn.com/Crufts_2009_Labrador_Dog_Judging
labrador training and puppy barking
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:24
- Published: 31 May 2008
- Uploaded: 25 Oct 2011
- Author: andrewta21
www.training-hunting-dog.com labrador training course to help stop puppy barking and get the most fun with your puppy labrador. Video start with training labradors to perform commands
http://wn.com/labrador_training_and_puppy_barking
Labrador puppies playing - Very Cute!!
3 Lab puppies running around playing. Filmed this at the breeder when picking up our yellow Labrador. Running around with his sister and brother.
http://wn.com/Labrador_puppies_playing__Very_Cute!!
Labrador puppies swimming
getting good so cute! diamondbarkennel.tripod.com
http://wn.com/Labrador_puppies_swimming
Newfoundland & Labrador Tourism
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:00
- Published: 08 Jan 2008
- Uploaded: 15 Oct 2011
- Author: gtmwebmaster
GK Chesterton once said "The traveller sees what he sees. The tourist sees what he has come to see." Discover why Newfoundland and Labrador Canada is for the traveller, not the tourist.
http://wn.com/Newfoundland_Labrador_Tourism
Labrador retriever
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:05
- Published: 01 Jul 2008
- Uploaded: 22 Oct 2011
- Author: 24CaratsMultimedia
advertising about a documentary on Dvd attached to magazine Cani, the first magazine about dogs in Italy. July 2008
http://wn.com/Labrador_retriever
Chocolate Labrador Puppy chasing 2 German Shepherds
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:01
- Published: 04 Apr 2007
- Uploaded: 31 Oct 2011
- Author: JoelleDunn
A Chocolate Lab puppy with my 2 German Shepherds. She was just visiting us here in California.
http://wn.com/Chocolate_Labrador_Puppy_chasing_2_German_Shepherds
Day 39 - Mocha's Chocolate Labrador Retriever Puppies get a New Room
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:56
- Published: 31 Dec 2009
- Uploaded: 29 Oct 2011
- Author: FetchinPups
I would like to one day design a house to accommodate a puppy addiction. Who knows. Mocha feels left out, today. Mocha is acting folks. I know she looks sad, but it's OK. Mocha is eating a lot less and beginning to dry up. What a mess this morning! I would like to get a grip on the paper training. It is much more difficult with 6 of them. I think last nights mess was more my fault. We'll see! I like how they look for me (or rather my shoes!) Camo always seems to wait by the door. Mr Camo is always the last one in!
http://wn.com/Day_39__Mocha's_Chocolate_Labrador_Retriever_Puppies_get_a_New_Room
Labrador Retriever
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:25
- Published: 10 Mar 2009
- Uploaded: 28 Oct 2011
- Author: TimboSchatz
This is true the best breed ever. The dog on the pics is my Labrador Retriever Timmy, please check my channel out! =) There are some videos of Agility with him. Hope you like them =) Pose nice comments here :-* love u all bye:-* xxxx
http://wn.com/Labrador_Retriever
Understanding Dog Breeds: Labrador Retriever
Learn how to understand the dog breed Labrador retriever with this video. Expert: Julia Szabo Thanks for watching Understanding Dog Breeds: Labrador Retriever! If you enjoyed this video, subscribe to the Howcast YouTube channel! www.youtube.com Check out Howcast for other do-it-yourself videos from howcast and more videos in the Howto category. You can contribute too! Create your own DIY guide (at www.howcast.com ), learn about producing Howcast spots with the Howcast Filmmaker Program (at info.howcast.com ), or showcase your expertise in a Howcast video series (at info.howcast.com ).
http://wn.com/Understanding_Dog_Breeds_Labrador_Retriever
Labrador Puppies Ben and Tegan
Labrador Puppies Ben and Tegan
http://wn.com/Labrador_Puppies_Ben_and_Tegan
Amazing!... The Latin Labrador "Salsa Dance Show"
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:28
- Published: 21 Dec 2009
- Uploaded: 28 Oct 2011
- Author: RaulUrrutia7
raulurrutia.com Amazing! I bet you can dance like that too! I dare you...
http://wn.com/Amazing!_The_Latin_Labrador_Salsa_Dance_Show
Very Smart Black Labrador Puppy- Training Session
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:11
- Published: 19 Dec 2009
- Uploaded: 31 Oct 2011
- Author: stephacorn
Midnight, 11 week old black labrador, during a training session. She's so smart!
http://wn.com/Very_Smart_Black_Labrador_Puppy_Training_Session
photo: WN / Sweet Radoc
11 Nov 2011
A four-legged veteran from Thompsons Station was honored Friday with a groundbreaking medical treatment intended improve her quality of life. Bailey, a 14-year-old black Labrador retriever that...
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- Anticosti Island
- Atlantic Canada
- Atlantic Ocean
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- Blanc-Sablon, Quebec
- British Empire
- Cabot Strait
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- Canada, New France
- Canadian Coast Guard
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Canada Newswire
CALGARY, Nov. 18, 2011 /CNW/ - Ptarmigan Energy Inc. (Ptarmigan) has secured 100% working interest in two new parcels of land offshore Western Newfoundland. The Canada-Newfoundland and Labrador Offshore Petroleum Board has accepted Ptarmigan's bid of $1,501,000.00 for Parcel 1 and $501,000.00 for...
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size: 2.2Kb
Canada Newswire
SEPT-IIES, QC, Nov. 18, 2011 /CNW Telbec/ - A Quebec-based Innu community from Sept-Iles is denouncing the Canadian Government's bad faith in its dealings with their land claim in Labrador. "By signing a comprehensive land deal with the Labrador Innu, Canada is in the same breath breaching its...
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size: 2.4Kb
Labrador Puppies In Slow Motion (VIDEO)
18 Nov 2011
Huffington Post
Labrador puppies meet "Chariots of Fire" for an adorable and inspiring video to lift anyone's mood. According to YouTube uploader robistration, the puppies were filmed with a Canon HV30, and the slow motion effect was created using Adobe Pro CS3. These aren't the only dogs making waves on the...
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Dundee's Cooper to become COO at Labrador Iron
17 Nov 2011
The Examiner
West Palm Beach, Florida - Cassie is a six-month-old female Labrador retriever and Siberian husky mix. Her caretakers tell us Cassie is a sweetheart and loves everyone she meets. Cassie is currently available for adoption today in Palm Beach County Animal Care and Control located at 7100 Belvedere...
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Payton and Jordan; Labrador Love
11 Nov 2011
The Examiner
So many dog stories are similar to the stories we can read about or watch when we go to the movies. As I talk with people and learn their personal stories, it amazes me that real life and fiction have so many similarities. As an example, I approached my co-worker and friend, Jody, about...
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The Examiner
CASA GRANDE, Arizona - The Pet Pardons organization released an urgent bulletin Tuesday asking the public for their help in finding a home for an eight-month-old male Labrador Retriever Mix named Rufus who has only two days left in his very short life before being euthanized...
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{| border=1 cellpadding=4 cellspacing=0 align=right width=260 class=toccolours style="margin: 0 0 1em 1em; border-collapse: collapse;"
|-
!colspan=2 align=center bgcolor="white"|Labrador
|-
|colspan=2 align=center | |-
|colspan=2 align=center | Flag of Labrador, with Coat of arms(de facto)
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|colspan=2 align=center|Motto: Munus splendidum mox explebitur (Latin)"The splendid task will soon be fulfilled"
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|colspan=2 align=center||-
!colspan=2 bgcolor="#9999ff"|Geography
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|Area:||
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|Water area:|| width="60%" | (4%)
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|Coastline:||
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|Highest Point:||Mount Caubvick()
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|Longest River:||Churchill River()
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|Admin HQ:||Happy Valley – Goose Bay
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!colspan=2 bgcolor="#9999ff"|Demographics
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|Population (2006):||26,364
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|Largest City:||Happy Valley – Goose Bay 7,572 (2006)
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!colspan=2 bgcolor="#9999ff"| Politics
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|colspan=2 align=center|Government of Newfoundland & Labradorhttp://www.gov.nl.ca
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|Members of the Parliament of Canada:|| 1
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|Members of the Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly:|| 4
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Labrador is the distinct, northerly region of the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador. It comprises the mainland portion of the province, separated from the island of Newfoundland by the Strait of Belle Isle. It is the largest and northernmost geographical region in Atlantic Canada.
11th century: Probable visit by Leif Ericson. See Markland.
1498: Sighted by João Fernandes Lavrador, who gave "Labrador" its name
1498: Visited by John Cabot
1500: Visited by Gaspar Corte-Real
1534: Visited by Jacques Cartier
1763: Labrador is transferred from the French colony Canada to the British colony Newfoundland as per the Treaty of Paris.
1774: Labrador is transferred (along with Anticosti Island and the Magdalen Islands) to the Province of Quebec.
1791: Labrador becomes part of Lower Canada when Quebec is divided into two colonies.
1792: George Cartwright publishes his Journal of Transactions and Events, During a Residence of Nearly Sixteen Years on the Coast of Labrador.
1809: Labrador (from Cape Chidley to the mouth of the Saint-Jean River) is transferred back to Newfoundland.
1825: The north shore of the Gulf of Saint Lawrence west of Blanc-Sablon, Quebec, and south of 52° north is separated from Labrador and transferred back to Lower Canada.
1892: Wilfred Grenfell, medical missionary and social activist, first came to Labrador.
1927: The Labrador boundary dispute is settled.
1941: Canada builds the air base at Goose Bay.
1949: Labrador becomes part of Canada when Newfoundland joins Confederation.
1964: The province's government began to refer to itself as the Government of Newfoundland and Labrador,
2001: The province officially changes its name to Newfoundland and Labrador by a Canadian constitutional amendment.
2007: The province and Federal Government of Canada sign an agreement to establish Nunatsiavut
Landsat Island
Nunatsiavut
Torngat Mountains National Park
Nunatukavut
The Lure of the Labrador Wild, by Dillon Wallace (ISBN 1-4043-1537-3; July 2002)
Labrador by Choice, by Benjamin W. Powell Sr. C.M. 1979
The Story of Labrador, by B. Rompkey (2005)
Labrador, by Robert Stewart (1977)
Audio recording of a traditional ghost story from Labrador, Canada
Project Gutenberg e-text of Dillon Wallace's The Lure of the Labrador Wild
Labrador information page
Trans-Labrador Highway website - detailed information about traveling in Labrador.
Alexander Forbes Collection: Aerial photo survey of Labrador from 1931, 1932, and 1935 expeditions - University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Libraries Digital Collections
Labrador occupies the eastern part of the Labrador Peninsula, in an area slightly larger than the US state of Colorado. It is bordered to the west and the south by the Canadian province of Quebec. Labrador also shares a small land border with the Canadian territory of Nunavut on Killiniq Island.
Though Labrador's area is over twice that of the island of Newfoundland, it has only 6% of the province's population. The aboriginal peoples of Labrador include the Northern Inuit of Nunatsiavut, the Southern Inuit of Nunatukavut (NunatuKavut), the Innu and the Métis. The non-aboriginal population in Labrador did not permanently settle in Labrador until the natural resource developments of the 1940s and 50s. Before the 1950s, very few non-aboriginal people lived in Labrador year round. The few European immigrants who worked seasonally for foreign merchants and brought their families were known as Settlers.
Geography
Labrador has a large, irregular, semi-triangular shape (see map at right) that encompasses the easternmost section of the Canadian Shield, a sweeping geographical region of thin soil and abundant mineral resources. Its western border with Quebec is the drainage divide of the Labrador peninsula. Lands that drain into the Atlantic Ocean are part of Labrador, while lands that drain into Hudson Bay are part of Quebec. Northern Labrador's climate is classified as polar, while Southern Labrador's climate is classified as subarctic.
Labrador can be divided into four geographical regions: the North Coast, Central Labrador, Western Labrador, and the South Coast. Each of those regions is described below.
Nunatsiavut
From Cape Chidley to Hamilton Inlet. The long thin northern tip of Labrador holds the Torngat Mountains, named after an Inuit spirit believed to inhabit them. The mountains stretch along the coast from Port Manvers to Cape Chidley, the northernmost point of Labrador. The Torngat Mountain range is also home to Mount Caubvick, the highest point in the province. This area is predominantly Inuit, with the small Innu community of Natuashish being the exception. The north coast is the most isolated region of Labrador, with snowmobiles, boats, and planes being the only modern modes of transportation. The largest community in this region is Nain.Nunatsiavut is an Inuit self-government region in Labrador. The Settlement area comprises the majority of Labrador's North Coast, while the land-use area also includes land farther to the interior and in Central Labrador. Nain is the Capital of Nunatsiavut.
Central Labrador
The most populous region of Labrador, Central Labrador extends from the shores of Lake Melville into the interior. It contains the Churchill River, the largest river in Labrador and one of the largest in Canada. The hydroelectric dam at Churchill Falls is the second largest underground power station in the world, but most of the supply is bought by Hydro-Québec under a long-term contract. The Lower Churchill Project will develop the remaining potential of the river and supply it to provincial consumers. Known as "the heart of the Big Land", the area's population comprises people from all different groups and regions of Labrador.Central Labrador is also home to Happy Valley – Goose Bay, the largest community in Labrador. Once a refueling point for plane convoys to Europe in World War II, CFB Goose Bay is now a NATO tactical flight training site and was an alternate landing zone for the Space Shuttle.
Western Labrador
The highlands above the Churchill Falls was once an ancient hunting ground for the Innu First Nations and settled trappers of Labrador. After the construction of the hydroelectric dam at Churchill Falls in 1970, the Smallwood Reservoir has flooded much of the old hunting land, and submerged several gravesites and trapping cabins. Western Labrador is also home to the Iron Ore Company of Canada, which operates a large iron ore mine in Labrador City. Together with the small community of Wabush, the two towns are known as “Labrador West”.
NunatuKavut
From Hamilton Inlet to Cape Charles/St. Lewis. Nunatukavut is the territory of the Southern Labrador Inuit, formerly known as the Labrador Metis. The region is peppered with tiny Inuit-Metis fishing communities, of which Cartwright is the largest. The Wonderstrands, miles of sandy white beaches at the mouth of the Hamilton Inlet south to Sandwich Bay, were mentioned in the ancient Viking sagas.
The Straits
From Cape Charles to Quebec/Labrador coastal border. Like NunatuKavut, the straits is also known for its Labrador seagrass and the multitude of icebergs that pass by the coast via the Labrador Current. Red Bay is known one of the best examples of a preserved 16th Century Basque Whaling Station. It is also the location of four 16th-Century Basque Spanish Galleons. The lighthouse in L’Anse Amour is the second largest lighthouse in Canada. Passenger Ferry service to the island of Newfoundland is out of St. Barbe near the Quebec/Labrador border.
Modern Labrador
As with its island neighbour Newfoundland, early settlement in Labrador was tied to the sea as demonstrated by the Montagnais, Innu and Inuit, although these peoples also made significant forays throughout the interior as well. European settlement was largely concentrated in coastal communities, particularly those south of St. Lewis and Cape Charles, and are among Canada's oldest European settlements. The Moravian Brethren of Herrnhut, Saxony, first came to the Labrador Coast in 1760 to minister to the migratory Inuit tribes there. They founded Nain, Okak, Hebron, Hopedale and Makkovik. Extremely poor, both European and First Nations settlements along coastal Labrador came to benefit from cargo and relief vessels that were operated as part of the Grenfell Mission (see Wilfred Grenfell). Throughout the 20th century, coastal freighters and ferries operated initially by the Newfoundland Railway and later Canadian National Railway/CN Marine/Marine Atlantic became a critical lifeline for communities on the coast, which for the majority of that century did not have any road connection with the rest of North America.Labrador played strategic roles during both World War II and the Cold War. In October 1943, a German U-boat crew installed an automated weather station on the northern tip of Labrador near Cape Chidley, code–named Weather Station Kurt; this was the only armed, German military operation on the North American mainland during the war. The station broadcast weather observations to the German navy for only a few days, but was not discovered until the 1980s when a historian, working with the Canadian Coast Guard, identified its location and mounted an expedition to recover it. The station is now exhibited in the Canadian War Museum.
The Canadian government built a major air force base at Goose Bay, at the head of Lake Melville during the Second World War, a site selected because of its topography, access to the sea, defensible location, and minimal fog. During the Second World War and the Cold War, the base was also home to American, British, and later German, Netherlands, and Italian detachments. Today, CFB Goose Bay is the largest employer for the community of Happy Valley – Goose Bay.
Additionally, both the Royal Canadian Air Force and United States Air Force built and operated a number of radar stations along coastal Labrador as part of the Pinetree Line, Mid-Canada Line and DEW Line systems. Today the remaining stations are automated as part of the North Warning System, however the military settlements during the early part of the Cold War surrounding these stations have largely continued as local Innu and Inuit populations have clustered near their port and airfield facilities.
During the first half of the 20th century, some of the largest iron ore deposits in the world were discovered in the western part of Labrador and adjacent areas of Quebec. Deposits at Mont Wright, Schefferville, Labrador City, and Wabush drove industrial development and human settlement in the area during the second half of the 20th century.
The present community of Labrador West is entirely a result of the iron ore mining activities in the region. The Iron Ore Company of Canada operates the Quebec North Shore and Labrador Railway to transport ore concentrate 800 kilometres (500 mi) south to the port of Sept-Îles, Quebec, for shipment to steel mills in North America and elsewhere.
During the 1960s, the Churchill River (Labrador name: Grand River) was diverted at Churchill Falls, resulting in the flooding of an enormous area – today named the Smallwood Reservoir after Joey Smallwood, the first premier of Newfoundland. The flooding of the reservoir destroyed large areas of habitat for the threatened Woodland Caribou. Both a hydroelectric generating station and a transmission line were built in the neighbouring province of Quebec.
In the 1970s to early 2000s, the Trans-Labrador Highway was built in stages to connect various inland communities with the North American highway network at Mont Wright, Quebec (which in turn is connected by a highway running north from Baie-Comeau, Quebec). A southern extension of this highway has opened in stages during the early 2000s and is resulting in significant changes to the coastal ferry system in the Strait of Belle Isle and southeastern Labrador. It is worth noting that these "highways" are so called only because of their importance to the region; they would be better described as roads, and are not completely paved.
A study on a fixed link to Newfoundland, in 2004, recommended that a tunnel under the Strait of Belle Isle, being a single railway that would carry cars, buses and trucks, was technologically the best option for such a link. However, the study also concluded that a fixed link was not economically viable. Conceivably, if built with federal aid, the 1949 terms of union would be amended to remove ferry service from Nova Scotia to Port aux Basques across the Cabot Strait.
Although a highway link has, as of 16 December 2009, been completed across Labrador, this route is somewhat longer than a proposed Quebec North Shore highway that presently does not exist. Part of the "highway", Route 389, starting approximately from Baie-Comeau to , is of an inferior alignment, and from there to , the provincial border, is an accident-prone section notorious for its poor surface and sharp curves. Quebec in April 2009 announced major upgrades to Route 389 to be carried out.
Route 389 and the Trans-Labrador Highway were added to Canada's National Highway System in September 2005.
Labrador constitutes a federal electoral district electing one member to the House of Commons of Canada. Due to its size, distinct nature, and large Aboriginal population, Labrador has one seat despite having the smallest population of any electoral district in Canada. Formerly, Labrador was part of a riding that included part of the Island of Newfoundland. Labrador is divided into four provincial electoral districts in the Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly.
Time zone
Officially, all of Newfoundland and Labrador uses Newfoundland Time (UTC-3:30 in winter, UTC-2:30 in summer). However, in practice, most of Labrador (from Cartwright north and west) uses Atlantic Time (UTC-4 in winter, UTC-3 in summer). The southwestern tip nearest the Island of Newfoundland uses Newfoundland Time to stay coordinated with the island.
Boundary dispute
The border between Labrador and Canada was set March 2, 1927, after a tortuous five-year trial. In 1809 Labrador had been transferred from Lower Canada to Newfoundland, but the landward boundary of Labrador had never been precisely stated. Newfoundland argued it extended to the height of land, but Canada, stressing the historical use of the term "Coasts of Labrador", argued the boundary was inland from the high-tide mark. As Canada and Newfoundland were separate Dominions, but both members of the British Empire, the matter was referred to the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council (in London), which set the Labrador boundary mostly along the coastal watershed. One of Newfoundland's conditions for joining Confederation in 1949 was that this boundary be entrenched in the Canadian constitution. While this border has not been formally accepted by the Quebec government, the Henri Dorion Commission (Commission d'étude sur l'intégrité du territoire du Québec) concluded in the early 1970s that Quebec no longer has a legal claim to Labrador.
In 2001, Québec Natural Resources Minister and Québec Intergovernmental Affairs Minister reasserted that Québec has never recognised the 1927 border:
"Les ministres rappellent qu'aucun gouvernement québécois n'a reconnu formellement le tracé de la frontière entre le Québec et Terre-Neuve dans la péninsule du Labrador selon l'avis rendu par le comité judiciaire du Conseil privé de Londres en 1927. Pour le Québec, cette frontière n'a donc jamais été définitivement arrêtée."
(The ministers reiterate that no Quebec government has ever formally recognized the drawing of the border between Quebec and Newfoundland in the Labrador peninsula according to the opinion rendered by the privy council in 1927. For Quebec, this border has thus never been definitively defined.)
Possible separation from Newfoundland
A Royal Commission in 2002 determined that there is a certain amount of public pressure from Labradorians to break off from Newfoundland and become a separate province or territory. Some of the Innu nation would have the area become a homeland for them, much as Nunavut is for the Inuit; a 1999 resolution of the Assembly of First Nations claimed Labrador as a homeland for the Innu and demanded recognition in any further constitutional negotiations regarding the region. The northern Inuit self-government region of Nunatsiavut was recently created through agreements with the provincial and federal governments. The Southern Inuit of Nunatukavut (NunatuKavut), who are also seeking self-government, have their land claim before the federal government. The provincial government of Newfoundland refuses to recognize or negotiate with the Inuit of NunatuKavut until their claim has been accepted by the federal government.
Timeline
Demographics
{| border="1" cellpadding="2" class="wikitable" |+ Largest towns in Labrador (incorporated towns only) !Town !2006 !2001 |- |Happy Valley – Goose Bay |7,572 |7,969 |- |Labrador City |7,240 |7,744 |- |Wabush |1,739 |1,894 |- |Nain |1,034 |1,159 |- |L'Anse-au-Loup |593 |635 |- |Cartwright |552 |629 |- |Hopedale |530 |559 |- |North West River |492 |551 |- |Port Hope Simpson |529 |509 |- |Forteau |448 |477 |}{| border="1" cellpadding="2" class="wikitable" |+ Demographic Factors (2001 Census) !Factor !Labrador !Canada |- |Male/Female split |50.6/49.4 |49.0/51.0 |- |Median age |32.6 |37.6 |- |Percent foreign-born. |1.5% |18.4% |- |Aboriginal pop. |34.9% |3.3% |- |Religion - Catholic |28.4% |43.6% |- |Religion - Protestant |67.4% |29.2% |- |Religion - other |0.8% |10.6% |- |No religion |3.4% |16.5% |- |Median income (age 15+) |$19,229 |$22,120 |- |Unemployment rate |19.1% |7.4% |}
Natural features
Labrador is home to a number of fauna and flora species. Most of the Upper Canadian and Lower Hudsonian mammalian species are found in Labrador. Notably the Polar bear, Ursus maritimus, reaches the southeast of Labrador on its annual migration.
See also
References
Further reading
External links
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* Category:Territorial disputes of Canada
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