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Tuesday, 20 December 2011
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Cher Lloyd - With Ur Love ft. Mike Posner
Cher Lloyd - With Ur Love ft. Mike Posner
With Ur Love is released 30th October in the UK. Click here to buy your copy from iTunes now! bit.ly Music video by Cher Lloyd feat. Mike Posner performing With Ur Love. (C) 2011 Simco Limited under exclusive license to Sony Music Entertainment UK Limited
http://wn.com/Cher_Lloyd__With_Ur_Love_ft_Mike_Posner
With Ur Love (Official Lyric Video)
With Ur Love (Official Lyric Video)
With Ur Love is released 30th October in the UK. Click here to buy your copy from iTunes now! bit.ly Music video by Cher Lloyd feat. Mike Posner performing With Ur Love. (C) 2011 Simco Limited under exclusive license to Sony Music Entertainment UK Limited
http://wn.com/With_Ur_Love_Official_Lyric_Video
jessie j - who ur
jessie j - who ur
http://wn.com/jessie_j__who_ur
Who You Are (Audio)
Who You Are (Audio)
Jessie J's debut single 'Do It Like A Dude' is available to download right now on iTunes in the UK. zaphod.uk.vvhp.net 'Who You Are' is Jessie's debut album and it comes out on the 21st March 2011. You can pre-order it right now on Amazon www.amazon.co.uk
http://wn.com/Who_You_Are_Audio
Royal Tombs of Ur
Royal Tombs of Ur
  • Order:
  • Duration: 7:02
  • Published: 04 Jun 2008
  • Uploaded: 07 Dec 2011
  • Author: pennmuseum
The late 1920s excavation of royal tombs at Ur, in southern Iraq, provided one of the most renowned discoveries in the history of archaeology. Extravagant jewelry of gold, lapis-lazuli, and carnelian, cups of gold and silver, and extraordinary objects of art and culture were among the Mesopotamian treasures uncovered by renowned British archaeologist C. Leonard Woolley in a joint expedition by the British Museum and Penn Museum. The remarkable tombs opened the world's eyes to the full glory of ancient Sumerian culture (2600-2500 BC) at its zenith.
http://wn.com/Royal_Tombs_of_Ur
P!nk - U + Ur Hand
P!nk - U + Ur Hand
  • Order:
  • Duration: 3:34
  • Published: 25 Oct 2009
  • Uploaded: 12 Dec 2011
  • Author: PinkVEVO
Music video by P!nk performing U + Ur Hand. (C) 2006 Zomba Recording, LLC
http://wn.com/P!nk__U_+_Ur_Hand
Dj Tiesto - Ur
Dj Tiesto - Ur
  • Order:
  • Duration: 6:06
  • Published: 19 Mar 2009
  • Uploaded: 12 Dec 2011
  • Author: mercury59200
http://wn.com/Dj_Tiesto__Ur
IM IN UR MANGER KILLING UR SAVIOR
IM IN UR MANGER KILLING UR SAVIOR
Three nerds turn a nativity scene into a LARP battle; sacrilege ensues. Check out more at: www.fortaxreasons.com
http://wn.com/IM_IN_UR_MANGER_KILLING_UR_SAVIOR
OK Go + Pilobolus - All Is Not Lost - Official Video
OK Go + Pilobolus - All Is Not Lost - Official Video
  • Order:
  • Duration: 4:00
  • Published: 25 Jul 2011
  • Uploaded: 11 Dec 2011
  • Author: OkGo
Enjoy the full interactive experience at www.allisnotlo.st Download the free song and buy the EP at http Or purchase the EP/video on iTunes: bit.ly Directed by OK Go, Pilobolus and Trish Sie Produced by Shirley Moyers Director of Photography: Yon Thomas Edited by Paula Salhany
http://wn.com/OK_Go_+_Pilobolus__All_Is_Not_Lost__Official_Video
Cher Lloyd - With Ur Love (Acoustic Unplugged) Live Performance
Cher Lloyd - With Ur Love (Acoustic Unplugged) Live Performance
  • Order:
  • Duration: 3:02
  • Published: 29 Sep 2011
  • Uploaded: 11 Dec 2011
  • Author: cherlloyd
Follow on Twitter: www.twitter.com Cher performs an exclusive acoustic live performance of her new single With Ur Love on Real Radio 29/9/2011
http://wn.com/Cher_Lloyd__With_Ur_Love_Acoustic_Unplugged_Live_Performance
Chris Brown
Chris Brown "For Ur Love" Music Video (Cover) - Cal Men's Soccer Team 2010
  • Order:
  • Duration: 2:36
  • Published: 10 Oct 2010
  • Uploaded: 12 Dec 2011
  • Author: do109
On the road from Oregon State University to University of Washington Cal Men's Soccer Team + iPhone 4 + 6 hours on a bus + Boredom = Awesome Music Video Song: Chris Brown - For Ur Love Shot/Edit: Demitrius Omphroy and Davis Paul Check out our schedule! www.Calbears.com Follow Davis! (drafted by Chicago Fire!) twitter.com Add Anthony! www.facebook.com Add Demitrius! (drafted by Toronto FC!) www.demitriusomphroy.com www.facebook.com www.facebook.com twitter.com
http://wn.com/Chris_Brown_For_Ur_Love_Music_Video_Cover__Cal_Men's_Soccer_Team_2010
Razmik Amyan-Ur En?
Razmik Amyan-Ur En?
  • Order:
  • Duration: 3:57
  • Published: 20 Jan 2009
  • Uploaded: 01 Dec 2011
  • Author: hye1993
New Song by Razmik Amyan
http://wn.com/Razmik_Amyan-Ur_En?
Jacques Greene - What UR
Jacques Greene - What UR
  • Order:
  • Duration: 3:41
  • Published: 25 Aug 2011
  • Uploaded: 07 Dec 2011
  • Author: tastydubz
Jacques greene has released a super limited 10" white lable, which if you are lucky enough to own has 3 ready made classics. heavily influenced by R&B, jacques greene's tracks are made as much for home listening as they are for the club scene. Massive release! try to find yourself a copy before they run out: boomkat.com www.phonicarecords.com redeyerecords.co.uk www.chemical-records.co.uk www.juno.co.uk www.catapult.co.uk Find Greene at: www.facebook.com soundcloud.com twitter.com www.youtube.com
http://wn.com/Jacques_Greene__What_UR
MAKE UR *UGLY* FRIEND *HOT*!!!!?
MAKE UR *UGLY* FRIEND *HOT*!!!!?
Thanks for SUBSCRIBING :) click here for BONUS VIDS! www.youtube.com Take180 vid www.youtube.com Thanks to! The Fine Bros www.youtube.com Charlie Puth www.youtube.com Cybertoons www.youtube.com Will Special Effects www.youtube.com Lisa Swartz www.youtube.com Kristen Findley www.youtube.com LINKS: SHIRTS/MERCH STORE - store.bandmerch.com (Shirts also available at Hot Topic & tinyurl.com MAIN CHANNEL - www.youtube.com SECOND CHANNEL - www.youtube.com IPHONE CHANNEL - www.youtube.com FACEBOOK www.facebook.com TWITTER www.twitter.com MYSPACE www.myspace.com WEBSITE www.shanedawsontv.com POBOX 12450 Burbank Bl. Suite P #252, Valley Village, CA 91607 *Film & Television Agent: Brent Morley WME BMorley@wmeentertainment.com *Film & Television Manager: Patti Crosby Pttcrosby@aol.com *Merchandising & Branding Agent: Shelly Marchetti smarchetti@apa-agency.com CREDITS: Theme Song by "Hadouken" "Rebirth" tinyurl.com The logo in my hand made by: www.youtube.com/spiker369
http://wn.com/MAKE_UR_*UGLY*_FRIEND_*HOT*!!!!?
With Ur Love - Cher Lloyd Cover
With Ur Love - Cher Lloyd Cover
guilty pleasure.. PLEASE DON'T KILL ME. if you like it, please share it around! it helps SO much, thankyou all for being beauts x Facebook: www.facebook.com Twittaaa: www.twitter.com Tumblr: laurenaquilina.tumblr.com Webbysite www.laurenaquilina.co.uk PS - This is for Colmy. Mwah x Chords wahooo Verse D, G. Pre-chorus: Bm, A, G Chorus: D, A G. Mike's Part: Bm AG Cher Lloyd - With Ur Love Cover With Ur Love Cover - Cher Lloyd
http://wn.com/With_Ur_Love__Cher_Lloyd_Cover
IF UR AN INDIAN WATCH THIS
IF UR AN INDIAN WATCH THIS
THIS IS IN A MATCH BETWEEN INDIA AND PAKISTAN AT TIMES OF SRINATH AND VENKATESH PRASAD LOOK AT THE SPIRIT OF THESE MEN
http://wn.com/IF_UR_AN_INDIAN_WATCH_THIS
To Dream of Ur - nile
To Dream of Ur - nile
  • Order:
  • Duration: 9:08
  • Published: 07 Apr 2008
  • Uploaded: 10 Dec 2011
  • Author: PharaohJed
from black seeds of vengeance lyrics: Desolate and Forsaken,Eerily Moaning Dark Winds Murmur Incantations,Dusk Calls Forth Shadows Spirits of the Glorious Dead Lingering,Bound to this Place They Whisper of Untold Sagas,of Long Dead Cities the Seven Shining Cities Sacred to the Aphkhallu of Ages Past when the World was Young When Babylon was Blessed of Marduk and the Sound of her Armies was the Blare of Ominous War Horns and the Clash of Immortal Cymbals of Bronze Gates Arrayed in Splendour and Magnificent Walls of Sunbaked Brick of Temples of Marble and Bloodstained Altars,Long Before the Jeweled Throne of Ur Fell Silent and Turned to Dust Beneath the Endless Shifting Sands and the Inevitable Vengeance of the Elements
http://wn.com/To_Dream_of_Ur__nile
Ziggurat of Ur
Ziggurat of Ur
Ancient City of Ur, symbolism behind ziggurat, a 4000 year old site of worship, and significance of it in relation to modern religions.
http://wn.com/Ziggurat_of_Ur
1200 Techniques - 'Where Ur At'
1200 Techniques - 'Where Ur At'
itunes.apple.com
http://wn.com/1200_Techniques__'Where_Ur_At'
Underground Resistance - The Final Frontier
Underground Resistance - The Final Frontier
  • Order:
  • Duration: 8:17
  • Published: 06 Mar 2008
  • Uploaded: 11 Dec 2011
  • Author: SUTT1975
Underground Resistance 003 1991 Produced by Mad Mike
http://wn.com/Underground_Resistance__The_Final_Frontier
Cher Lloyd - With Ur Love feat. Mike Posner - Lyrics in description -
Cher Lloyd - With Ur Love feat. Mike Posner - Lyrics in description -
I Own Anything on this video !!! Here's the lyrics: Baby your the best cuz you worked me out I keep building walls up you tear'em down I'm fighting, I don't like it But you know I like it, But you know I like, like it. Use to always think I was bullet proof, But you got an AK, and you blowing through, EXPLOSIVE, you don't even know it, I want you to know it, I want you to know it, know it know All of them other boys can walk away, They ain't even in the game (cuz they know that u own it), You got this SWAG, you got this attitude, Wanna hear you say my name (cos you got me) Flying with ur love, shining with ur love, riding with ur love, I feel like I'm on top of the world with ur love, One hit with ur love, can't quit with ur love, so sick but so what, I feel like I'm on top of the world with ur love. Everyboy wants what I got with you, Standing cuz I'm on top, with a killer view, INSPIRED, feeling like a million, I'm one in a million, I'm one in a million, million, million I ain't even here I'm in outer space, Like I'm Venus your Mars, in the milky way, It's crazy, what you doing to me, How you doing to me, how you doing to me, to me , to me. All of them other boys can walk away, They ain't even in the game (cuz they know that u own it), You got this SWAG, you got this attitude, Wanna hear you say my name (cos you got me) Flying with ur love, shining with ur love, riding with ur love, I feel like I'm on top of the world with ur love, One hit with ur love, can't quit with <b>...</b>
http://wn.com/Cher_Lloyd__With_Ur_Love_feat_Mike_Posner__Lyrics_in_description_-
HotForWords -
HotForWords - "I'll shove that cucumber up ur @ss!!!!"
  • Order:
  • Duration: 4:58
  • Published: 29 Nov 2011
  • Uploaded: 11 Dec 2011
  • Author: hotforwords
This is a fun video I did with my friends. I'm not a good actress, I was just having fun ;-) Let me know what you think! My website hotforwords.com My facebook www.facebook.com * Highly Recommend watching in 720p HD. Starring Rich Rotella as "Brennan the Plumber" www.youtube.com Marina Orlova as "Anya" www.youtube.com Evan Gamble as "Jeff" evangamble23.com Sarah Rotella as "Fiona" Camera Operator - Joe Nation www.youtube.com SUBSCRIBE & Pass the video along to friends !!!
http://wn.com/HotForWords__I'll_shove_that_cucumber_up_ur_@ss!!!!
Abraham - Ur of the Chaldeans?
Abraham - Ur of the Chaldeans?
The following video investigates the birthplace of Abraham. History books tell us that Abraham was from Ur in Sumer, However the Bible conveys a different story. A number of Historians; Josephus, Islamic tradition, and Jewish authorities like Maimonides all concur that Ur Kaśdim (Ur of the Chaldeans) was in Northern Mesopotamia — now southeastern Turkey (identified with Ur Fa). ---------- Behold the land of the Chaldeans; this people was not, till the Assyrian founded it for them that dwell in the wilderness: they set up the towers thereof, they raised up the palaces thereof; and he brought it to ruin. - Isaiah 23:13 ----------
http://wn.com/Abraham__Ur_of_the_Chaldeans?
With Ur Love is released 30th October in the UK. Click here to buy your copy from iTunes now! bit.ly Music video by Cher Lloyd feat. Mike Posner performing With Ur Love. (C) 2011 Simco Limited under exclusive license to Sony Music Entertain...
Cher Lloyd - With Ur Love ft. Mike Pos­ner
3:49
With Ur Love (Of­fi­cial Lyric Video)
3:46
jessie j - who ur
3:53
Who You Are (Audio)
3:52
Royal Tombs of Ur
7:02
P!nk - U + Ur Hand
3:34
Dj Tiesto - Ur
6:06
IM IN UR MANGER KILLING UR SAV­IOR
6:36
OK Go + Pi­lobo­lus - All Is Not Lost - Of­fi­cial Video
4:00
Cher Lloyd - With Ur Love (Acous­tic Un­plugged) Live Per­for­mance
3:02
Chris Brown "For Ur Love" Music Video (Cover) - Cal Men's Soc­cer Team 2010
2:36
Razmik Amyan-Ur En?
3:57
Jacques Greene - What UR
3:41
MAKE UR *UGLY* FRIEND *HOT*!!!!?
8:22
remove add to playlist show more results video results for: ur
With Ur Love - Cher Lloyd Cover
4:26
IF UR AN IN­DI­AN WATCH THIS
3:13
To Dream of Ur - nile
9:08
Zig­gu­rat of Ur
2:12
1200 Tech­niques - 'Where Ur At'
4:06
Un­der­ground Re­sis­tance - The Final Fron­tier
8:17
Cher Lloyd - With Ur Love feat. Mike Pos­ner - Lyrics in de­scrip­tion -
3:46
Hot­For­Words - "I'll shove that cu­cum­ber up ur @ss!!!!"
4:58
Abra­ham - Ur of the Chaldeans?
3:00
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  • Kashmiri Muslims pray as a priest displays a relic at the shrine of Sheikh Abdul Qadir Geelani in downtown Srinagar on March 17, 2011, during celebrations to mark the Urs (Festival) of the saint who lived in Baghdad some 1,000 years ago and is buried there. Kashmiri Muslims hold the saint in high esteem and have set-up scores of shrines and mosques in his memory.
  • Kashmiri Muslims pray as a priest displays a relic at the shrine of Sheikh Abdul Qadir Geelani in downtown Srinagar on March 17, 2011, during celebrations to mark the Urs (Festival) of the saint who lived in Baghdad some 1,000 years ago and is buried there. Kashmiri Muslims hold the saint in high esteem and have set-up scores of shrines and mosques in his memory.
  • Kashmiri Muslims pray as a priest displays a relic at the shrine of Sheikh Abdul Qadir Geelani in downtown Srinagar on March 17, 2011, during celebrations to mark the Urs (Festival) of the saint who lived in Baghdad some 1,000 years ago and is buried there. Kashmiri Muslims hold the saint in high esteem and have set-up scores of shrines and mosques in his memory.


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  • more news on: Ur
    Ur (Sumerian: Urim; Sumerian Cuneiform: or ; Akkadian: Uru) was an important city-state in ancient Sumer located at the site of modern Tell el-Muqayyar in Iraq's Dhi Qar Governorate. Once a coastal city near the mouth of the Euphrates on the Persian Gulf, Ur is now well inland, south of the Euphrates on its right bank, from Nasiriyah.

    The city's patron deity was Nanna, the Sumerian moon god, and the name of the city is in origin derived from the god's name, being the classical Sumerian spelling of LAK-32.UNUGKI, literally "the abode (UNUG) of Nanna (LAK-32)".

    The site is marked by the ruins of the Great Ziggurat of Ur, which contained the shrine of Nanna, excavated in the 1930s. The temple was built in the 21st century BC (short chronology), during the reign of Ur-Nammu and was reconstructed in the 6th century BC by Nabonidus. The ruins cover an area of northwest to southeast by northeast to southwest and rise up to about above the present plain level.

    History

    Early history

    Prehistory

    Archaeologists have discovered evidence of an early occupation at Ur during the Ubaid period. These early levels were sealed off with a sterile deposit which was quickly interpreted as evidence for the Great Flood of the Bible by the excavators in the 1920s. However it is now understood that the South Mesopotamian plain was exposed to regular floods from the Euphrates and the Tigris and that it was subjected to heavy erosion from water and wind. The further occupation of Ur only becomes clear again during its florescence in the third millennium BC (although it must already have been a growing urban center during the fourth millennium). The third millennium BC is generally described as the Early Bronze Age of Mesopotamia, which ends approximately after the demise of the Third Dynasty of Ur.

    Third millennium BC (Early Bronze Age)

    left|thumb|Mesopotamia in the 3rd millennium BC. (Some cities are shown with French spellings, e.g. Ninive for Nineveh.)There are two main sources which inform scholars about the importance of Ur during the Early Bronze Age. The first is a large body of cuneiform documents, mostly from the empire of the so-called Third Dynasty of Ur at the very end of the third millennium. This was the most centralized bureaucratic state the world had yet known. Concerning the earlier centuries, the Sumerian King List provides a tentative political history of ancient Sumer.

    The second source of information is archaeological work in modern Iraq. Although the early centuries (first half of the third millennium and earlier) are still poorly understood, the archaeological discoveries have shown unequivocally that Ur was a major urban center on the Mesopotamian plain. Especially the discovery of the Royal Tombs have confirmed its splendour. These tombs, which date to the Early Dynastic IIIa period (approximately in the 25th or 24th century BC), contained immense amounts of luxury items made out of precious metals, and semi-precious stones all of which would have had to been imported from long distances (Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Turkey, the Persian Gulf).

    Archaeological research of the region has also contributed greatly to our understanding of the landscape and long-distance interactions that took place during these ancient times. We know that Ur was the most important port on the Persian Gulf, which extended much further inland than it does today. All the wealth which came to Mesopotamia by sea had to pass through Ur.

    So far evidence for the earliest periods of the Early Bronze Age in Mesopotamia is very limited. That Ur was an important urban centre already then seems to be indicated by a type of cylinder seal called the City Seals. These seals contain a set of proto-cuneiform signs which appear to be writings or symbols of the name of city-states in ancient Sumer. Many of these seals were found in Ur, and the name of Ur is prominent on them.

    The third dynasty was established when the king Ur-Nammu came to power, ruling between ca. 2047 BC and 2030 BC. During his rule, temples, including the ziggurat, were built, and agriculture was improved through irrigation. His code of laws, the Code of Ur-Nammu (a fragment was identified in Istanbul in 1952) is one of the oldest such documents known, preceding the code of Hammurabi by 300 years. He and his successor Shulgi were both deified during their reigns, and after his death he continued as a hero-figure: one of the surviving works of Sumerian literature describes the death of Ur-Nammu and his journey to the underworld. About that time, the houses in the city were two-storied villas with 13 or 14 rooms, with plastered interior walls.

    Ur-Nammu was succeeded by Shulgi, the greatest king of the Third Dynasty of Ur who solidified the hegemony of Ur and reformed the empire into a highly centralized bureaucratic state. Shulgi ruled for a long time (at least 42 years) and deified himself halfway through his rule.

    The Ur empire continued through the reigns of three more kings, Amar-Sin, Shu-Sin, and Ibbi-Sin. It fell around 1940 BC to the Elamites in the 24th regnal year of Ibbi-Sin, an event commemorated by the Lament for Ur.

    According to one estimate, Ur was the largest city in the world from c. 2030 to 1980 BC. Its population was approximately 65,000.

    Later Bronze Age

    The city of Ur lost its political power after the demise of the Third Dynasty of Ur. Nevertheless its important position which kept on providing access to the Persian Gulf ensured the ongoing economical importance of the city during the second millennium BC. The splendour of the city, the might of the empire, the greatness of king Shulgi, and undoubtedly the efficient propaganda of the state endured throughout Mesopotamian history. Shulgi was a well known historical figure for at least another two thousand years, while historical narratives of the Mesopotamian societies kept names, events, and mythologies in remembrance.

    Iron Age

    In the 6th century BC there was new construction in Ur under the rule of Nebuchadnezzar II of Babylon. The last Babylonian king, Nabonidus, improved the ziggurat. However the city started to decline from around 550 BC and was no longer inhabited after about 500 BC, perhaps owing to drought, changing river patterns, and the silting of the outlet to the Persian Gulf.

    20th century

    As of 1954, there was a railway station here. The Bagdad railroad line connected to Basra, to the south.

    Biblical Ur

    Ur is considered by many to be the city of Ur Kasdim mentioned in the Book of Genesis (Biblical Hebrew ) as the birthplace of the patriarch Abram (Abraham; Arabic: Ibrahim), traditionally believed to be sometime in the 2nd millennium BC.

    Ur is mentioned four times in the Torah or Old Testament, with the distinction "of the Kasdim/Kasdin"—traditionally rendered in English as "Ur of the Chaldees". The Chaldeans were already settled in the vicinity by around 850 BC. The name is found in , , and . In Nehemiah 9:7, a single passage mentioning Ur is a paraphrase of Genesis. ()

    The Book of Jubilees states that Ur was founded in 1688 Anno Mundi (year of the world) by 'Ur son of Kesed, presumably the offspring of Arphaxad, adding that in this same year wars began on Earth.

    :"And 'Ur, the son of Kesed, built the city of 'Ara of the Chaldees, and called its name after his own name and the name of his father." (i.e., Ur Kesdim) (Jubilees 11:3).

    Ur in Islamic tradition

    According to Islamic texts, the prophet Ibrahim (Abraham) was thrown into the fire here. In the story, this fire of Nimrod was turned into water, saving the life of Ibrahim. While the Qur'an does not mention the king's name, Muslim commentators have assigned Nimrod as the king based on Jewish sources, namely the Book of Jasher (11:1 and 12:6).

    Archaeology

    In the 1625, the site was visited by Pietro della Valle, who recorded the presence of ancient bricks stamped with strange symbols, cemented together with bitumen, as well as inscribed pieces of black marble that appeared to be seals.

    The site was first excavated in 1853 and 1854 by John George Taylor, British vice consul at Basra from 1851-1859. He worked on behalf of the British Museum. He had been instructed to do so by the Foreign Office. Taylor found clay cylinders in the four corners of the top stage of the ziggurat which bore an inscription of Nabonidus (Nabuna`id), the last king of Babylon (539 BC), closing with a prayer for his son Belshar-uzur (Bel-ŝarra-Uzur), the Belshazzar of the Book of Daniel. Evidence was found of prior restorations of the ziggurat by Ishme-Dagan of Isin and Shu-Sin of Ur, and by Kurigalzu, a Kassite king of Babylon in the 14th century BCE. Nebuchadnezzar also claims to have rebuilt the temple. Taylor further excavated an interesting Babylonian building, not far from the temple, part of an ancient Babylonian necropolis. All about the city he found abundant remains of burials of later periods. Apparently, in later times, owing to its sanctity, Ur became a favorite place of sepulchres, so that even after it had ceased to be inhabited, it continued to be used as a necropolis.

    Typical of the era, his evacuations destroyed information and exposed the tell. Natives used the now loosened 4000 year old bricks and tile for construction for the next 75 years while the site lay unexplored.

    After Taylor's time the site was visited by numerous travelers, almost all of whom have found ancient Babylonian remains, inscribed stones and the like, lying upon the surface. The site was considered rich in remains, and relatively easy to explore. After some soundings were made in 1918 by Reginald Campbell Thompson, H. R. Hill worked the site for one season for the British Museum in 1919, laying the groundwork for more extensive efforts to follow.

    Excavations from 1922 to 1934 were funded by the British Museum and the University of Pennsylvania and led by the archaeologist Sir Charles Leonard Woolley. A total of about 1,850 burials were uncovered, including 16 that were described as "royal tombs" containing many valuable artifacts, including the Standard of Ur. Most of the royal tombs were dated to about 2600 BC. The finds included the unlooted tomb of a queen thought to be Queen Puabi—the name is known from a cylinder seal found in the tomb, although there were two other different and unnamed seals found in the tomb. Many other people had been buried with her, in a form of human sacrifice. Near the ziggurat were uncovered the temple E-nun-mah and buildings E-dub-lal-mah (built for a king), E-gi-par (residence of the high priestess) and E-hur-sag (a temple building). Outside the temple area, many houses used in everyday life were found. Excavations were also made below the royal tombs layer: a -thick layer of alluvial clay covered the remains of earlier habitation, including pottery from the Ubaid period, the first stage of settlement in southern Mesopotamia. Woolley later wrote many articles and books about the discoveries. One of Woolley's assistants on the site was the archaeologist Max Mallowan. The discoveries at the site reached the headlines in mainstream media in the world with the discoveries of the Royal Tombs. As a result the ruins of the ancient city attracted many visitors. One of these visitors was the already famous Agatha Christie who as a result of this visit became the wife of Max Mallowan.

    Most of the treasures excavated at Ur are in the British Museum and the University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology. At the UPenn Museum the exhibition Iraq's Ancient Past, which includes many of the most famous pieces from the Royal Tombs, is expected to be open to visitors in late Spring 2011.

    In 2009, an agreement was reached for a joint University of Pennsylvania and Iraqi team to resume archaeological work at the site of Ur.

    Archaeological remains

    Though some of the areas that were cleared during modern excavations have sanded over again, the Great Ziggurat is fully cleared and stands as the best-preserved and most visible landmark at the site. The famous Royal tombs, also called the Neo-Sumerian Mausolea, located about south-east of the Great Ziggurat in the corner of the wall that surrounds the city, are nearly totally cleared. Parts of the tomb area appear to be in need of structural consolidation or stabilization.

    There are cuneiform (Sumerian writing) on many walls, some entirely covered in script stamped into the mud-bricks. The text is sometimes difficult to read, but it covers most surfaces. Modern graffiti has also found its way to the graves, usually in the form of names made with coloured pens (sometimes they are carved). The Great Ziggurat itself has far more graffiti, mostly lightly carved into the bricks. The graves are completely empty. A small number of the tombs are accessible. Most of them have been cordoned off. The whole site is covered with pottery debris, to the extent that it is virtually impossible to set foot anywhere without stepping on some. Some have colours and paintings on them. Some of the "mountains" of broken pottery are debris that has been removed from excavations. Pottery debris and human remains form many of the walls of the royal tombs area. It can only be speculated whether this is of ancient making or modern restoration, but it is a fact that they are, literally, filled up with pottery debris.

    In May 2009, the United States Army returned the Ur site to the Iraqi authorities, who hope to develop it as a tourist destination.

    Preservation

    Since 2009, non-profit organization Global Heritage Fund (GHF) has been working to protect and preserve Ur against problems of erosion, neglect, inappropriate restoration, and war and conflict. GHF's stated goal for the project is to create an informed and scientifically-grounded Master Plan to guide the site’s long-term conservation and management, which will enable sustainability and can serve as a model for other sites’ stewardship.

    See also

  • Cities of the ancient Near East
  • History of Iraq
  • History of Sumer
  • Lyres of Ur
  • Ram in a Thicket
  • Royal Game of Ur
  • Short chronology timeline
  • Standard of Ur
  • Imports to Ur
  • Notes

    References

  • P. R. S. Morrey, Where Did They Bury the Kings of the IIIrd Dynasty of Ur?, Iraq, vol. 46, no. 1, pp. 1–18, 1984
  • J. Oates, Ur and Eridu: The Prehistory, Iraq, vol. 22, pp. 32–50, 1960
  • C.J. Gadd, History and monuments of Ur, Chatto & Windus, 1929 (Dutton 1980 reprint: ISBN 0-405-08545-1)
  • Leonard Woolley, Ur Excavations V: The Ziggurat and Its Surroundings, Oxford University Press, 1927
  • Leonard Woolley, Ur excavations IV: The Early Periods, Oxford University Press, 1927
  • Leonard Woolley, Ur Excavations V: The Ziggurat and Its Surroundings, Oxford University Press, 1927
  • Leonard Woolley and M. E. L. Mallowan, Ur Excavations VII: The Old Babylonian Period, Oxford University Press, 1927
  • Leonard Woolley, Ur Excavations VIII: The Kassite Period, Oxford University Press, 1927
  • Leonard Woolley and M. E. L. Mallowan, Ur Excavations IX: The Neo-Babylonian and Persian Periods, Oxford University Press, 1927
  • External links

  • Explore some of the Royal Tombs Mesopotamia website from the British Museum
  • Treasures from the Royal Tombs of Ur
  • Jewish Encyclopedia: Ur
  • Woolley’s Ur Revisited, Richard L. Zettler, BAR 10:05, September/October 1984.
  • Ur Excavations of the University of Pennsylvania Museum
  • Ur Preservation Project by Global Heritage Fund
  • Explore Ur with Google Earth on Global Heritage Network
  • At Ur, Ritual Deaths That Were Anything but Serene on The New York Times
  • Category:Sumerian cities Category:Archaeological sites in Iraq Category:Ancient cities Category:Dhi Qar Governorate Category:Former populated places in Iraq

    als:Ur (Stadt) ar:أور bn:উর bs:Ur bg:Ур ca:Ur cv:Ур cs:Ur da:Ur (oldtidsby) de:Ur (Stadt) el:Ουρ es:Ur eo:Ur (urbo) fa:اور fr:Ur (Mésopotamie) gl:Ur ko:우르 hr:Ur it:Ur he:אור (עיר) ka:ური sw:Ur lt:Ūras hu:Ur mk:Ур (град) nl:Ur (Sumer) ja:ウル no:Ur (Mesopotamia) oc:Ur (vila) pl:Ur (miasto) pt:Ur ro:Ur ru:Ур simple:Ur sk:Ur sl:Ur sr:Ур sh:Ur fi:Ur sv:Ur, Mesopotamien tl:Ur tr:Ur (şehir) uk:Ур ur:اُر zh:乌尔

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