Coordinates | 12°2′36″N77°1′42″N |
---|---|
Name | City of Baguio |
Other name | Ciudad ti Baguio |
Native name | Lungsod ng Baguio |
Nickname | Summer Capital of the Philippines,City of Pines |
Settlement type | Highly-urbanized City |
Image seal | Ph_seal_baguio.png |
Map caption | Benguet Province map locating Baguio City |
Dot x | |dot_y |
Pushpin map | Philippines |
Pushpin label position | |
Pushpin map caption | Location in the Philippines |
Coordinates region | PH |
Subdivision type | Country |
Subdivision name | |
Subdivision type1 | Region |
Subdivision name1 | Cordillera Administrative Region |
Subdivision type2 | Province |
Subdivision name2 | Benguet |
Subdivision type3 | Barangays |
Subdivision name3 | 129 |
Subdivision type4 | Congressional Districts |
Subdivision name4 | Lone District of Baguio City |
Leader title | Congressman |
Leader name | Bernardo Vergara (Timpuyog Ti Baguio-NPC/Lakas-Kampi-CMD) |
Leader title1 | Mayor |
Leader name1 | Mauricio Domogan (Timpuyog Ti Baguio-Lakas-Kampi-CMD) |
Leader title2 | Vice Mayor |
Leader name2 | Daniel Fariñas (Timpuyog Ti Baguio-Nacionalista) |
Established title | |
Established title2 | |
Established title3 | Incorporated (city) |
Established date3 | September 1, 1909 |
Unit pref | Metric |
Area total km2 | 57.5 |
Area total sq mi | 22.2 |
Population as of | 2007 |
Population total | 301,926 |
Population density km2 | 5251 |
Timezone | PST |
Utc offset | +8 |
Elevation footnotes | |
Elevation m | 1500 |
Postal code type | |
Postal code | 2600 |
Area code | 74 |
Blank name | Languages |
Blank info | Ibaloi, Kankana-ey, Tagalog, English, Chinese, Korean, Pangasinan, Ilocano,and Kapampangan. |
Website | http://www.baguio.gov.ph |
Footnotes | }} |
The City of Baguio (Ilokano: Ciudad ti Baguio; Filipino: Lungsod ng Baguio) is a highly urbanized city in northern Luzon in the Philippines. Baguio City was established by Americans in 1900 at the site of an Ibaloi village known as Kafagway. Baguio City was designated by the Philippine Commission as the Summer Capital of the Philippines on June 1, 1903 and incorporated as a city by the Philippine Assembly on September 1, 1909. Baguio is the seat of government of the Cordillera Administrative Region. The name of the city is derived from the word bagiw in Ibaloi, the indigenous language of the Benguet Region, meaning 'moss'. The city is at an altitude of approximately 1500 meters (5100 ft) in the Luzon tropical pine forests ecoregion conducive to the growth of mossy plants and orchids. Baguio City has become the center of business and commerce as well as the center of education in the entire Northern Luzon.
According to the 2007 census, Baguio City has a population of 301,926.
The City of Baguio celebrated its Centennial on September 1, 2009. The celebrations marked the first 100 years of the Baguio City Charter, which was authored by former Philippines Supreme Court Justice George A. Malcolm. Baguio City is also the Ghost Capital of the Philippines.
On April 26, 1945, Filipino troops of the 2nd, 11th, 12th, 13th, 15th and 16th Infantry Division of the Philippine Commonwealth Army, 1st Infantry Regiment of the Philippine Constabulary and the USAFIP-NL 66th Infantry Regiment and the American troops of the 33rd and 37th Infantry Division of the United States Army was entered Baguio City and fought against the Japanese Imperial Army forces led by General Tomoyuki Yamashita which started the Battle for the Liberation of Baguio City during World War II.
Baguio is the site of the formal surrender of General Tomoyuki Yamashita and Vice Admiral Okochi. It is where they gave up the entire Imperial Japanese Armed Forces to American authorities at the High Commissioner's Residence (now the United States Ambassador's Residence) in Camp John Hay on September 3, 1945, marking the end of World War II.
A very strong (Ms = 7.8) earthquake destroyed most of Baguio on July 16, 1990. A significant number of buildings and infrastructure were damaged, major highways were temporarily severed, and a number of houses were leveled or severely shaken with a significant loss of life. Some of the fallen buildings were built on or near fault lines. Baguio City was rebuilt, however, with the aid from the national government and various international donors like Japan, Singapore and other countries.
Around May 2003, a petition initiated by Dion Fernandez to declare Baguio a heritage zone was circulated on the Internet and national print media, gaining more than 10,000 signatures. The petition calls upon unspecified officials to create the Zone prior to the Baguio centennial in 2009. In May 2005, the Heritage Conservation Society(HCS) submitted to the Baguio City Council a proposed Special Heritage Bill drafted by HCS Trustee Ivan Henares. It has been approved on second reading but is being opposed by a group of businessmen.
Like many other cities with a subtropical highland climate, Baguio sees noticeably less precipitation during its “low-sun” months. The city though sees an extraordinary amount of precipitation during its wetter months, with the months of July and August seeing on average more than 1,000 mm of rain. Baguio averages over 4500 mm of precipitation annually.
The current mayor of Baguio is Mauricio Domogan, and the lone congressional district is currently represented by Congressman Bernardo Vergara, who has already served before as the Baguio's representative to congress. They were re-elected last May 2010.
The last mayor was Peter Rey Bautista, who took over Yaranon's term, which, was clouded in controversy primarily because of his harsh attacks on previous city officials who initiated the scandalous Uniwide Market Project, Jadewell Parking Systems Project, the now finished 172 million, 274-meter BGH flyover project, and the proposed operation of a Casino inside Camp John Hay. The Jadewell Parking System was approved by the city council in 2000 and then City Mayor Mr. Mauricio Domogan. The parking firm's owners filed administrative charges against Yaranon for his stand against its operation. He was eventually suspended until the end of his term on June 30, 2007. Bautista had his "interim/acting" tag removed from his title as he emerged as the winner in the 2007 city mayoral race, beating Yaranon, Vergara, former Councilor Leandro Yangot Jr. and post-People Power mayor and spiritual healer Ramon "Jun" Labo Jr. His running mate, three-term vice mayor and law dean Daniel Fariñas, returned to that post as well after previously serving a term in the City Council.
It takes about six hours to travel the approximately 250km distance between Manila and Baguio City by way of Kennon Road. It is about fifteen to thirty minutes longer through the Aspiras-Palispis Highway, and could take three more hours if going up from Manila via Naguilian Road -- which is the usual route for travelers from the Northern areas of Luzon such as Ilocos Norte, Ilocos Sur and northern La Union province.
There is another access to Baguio from Aritao in the province of Nueva Vizcaya passing through Itogon, Benguet but this is less traveled, the road is not well maintained, and public transportation through this route is not as regular. It is particularly difficult during rainy periods. Another road, Halsema Highway (also known as "Mountain Trail") leads North through the mountainous portion of the Cordillera Autonomous Region. It starts at the northern border of Baguio City, in the Municipality of La Trinidad (Trinidad Valley). This highway offers some extraordinary scenery, coupled with some sheer drops of hundreds of feet in some sparsely populated areas. Drivers should be well-versed in Cordillera-style mountainous driving, as this road has, on very rare occasions, experienced sleet / freezing rain conditions as one proceeds North toward Sagada, a town worth visiting for its scenery and historic significance.
There are several bus lines linking Baguio with Manila and Central Luzon, and provinces such as Pangasinan, Nueva Ecija, Aurora, Quezon, Bicol Region, Eastern Visayas, La Union, and those in the Ilocos regions. Most transportation companies also offer express and air-conditioned buses at a higher fare, although some "aircon" minibuses offer cheaper fares. Bus services that operate in Baguio include Five Star Bus Company, Victory Liner, Partas, GV Florida Transport, Philippine Rabbit, Viron Transit., Amanian bus line, and many smaller, possibly not well-maintained feeder minibuses -- and all buses should be viewed with an eye to safety and reliable condition before passengers should entrust their families or friends to drivers -- many of whom are quite experienced and safety conscious, while a few are less so. A word to wise is to check carefully before you enjoy your ride.
There are also hundreds of Taxi and jeepney operators who provide public transportation in Baguio City.
Another key source of income for Baguio is its position as the commercial hub for the province of Benguet. Many of the agricultural and mining goods produced in Benguet pass through Baguio City for processing, sale or further distribution to the "lowlands."
The city is also a major retail center for the Cordilleras and Ilocos provinces, with shoppers coming to the city to take advantage of the diversity of competitively priced commercial products on sale, many of which would otherwise only be available in Manila. The city is also popular with bargain hunters -- some of the most popular bargaining areas include Baguio City Market and Maharlika Livelihood Center. Despite the city's relatively small size, it boasts numerous shopping centers and malls catering to increasing commercial and tourist activity in Baguio: these include SM City Baguio mall, Baguio Center Mall, Cooyeesan Hotel Plaza, Abanao Square, Maharlika Livelihood Center, Porta Vaga Mall and Bonchic bargain center.
Various food and retail businesses run by local residents proliferate, forming a key part of Baguio's interesting cultural landscape. Some of these include Tiong San chain of department stores and supermarkets, Sunshine Supermarket, Star Cafe, Country Mart, the famous Rose Bowl Restaurant, Good Taste, Marosan's, Patao's, eateries along Bonafacio, Session Road, near Teacher's Camp and many others.
The areas of Session Road, Harrison Road, Magsaysay Avenue and Abanao Street comprise the trade center of the city. It is in these areas where commercial and business structures abound. First-class cinemas, hotels, restaurants, department stores, and shopping centers are to be found in this area. Shopping at the famous City Market offers one a wide array of locally sourced goods and products: everything from colorful woven fabrics and hand-strung beads to primitive wood carvings, cut flowers, strawberries and "Baguio" vegetables, the latter often denoting vegetable types that do well in the cooler growing climate. (Strawberries and string beans—referred to as 'Baguio beans' across the Philippines—are shipped to major urban markets across the archipelago.)
Baguio is home to one of the country's most profitable and best investment areas, a Philippine Economic Zone Authority (PEZA) location called the Baguio City Economic Zone (BCEZ). Located in the southern part of the city between Camp John Hay leisure resort and Philippine Military Academy at Loakan. Firms located in the BCEZ mostly produce and export knitted clothing, transistors, small components for vehicles, electronics and computer parts. Notable firms include Texas Instruments Philippines which happens to be the second largest exporter in the country, MOOG, and Sitel.
Tam-awan Village This artificial village was founded by Chanum Foundation, Inc. in 1998. It was constructed for the purpose of showing visitors how a local village in the highlands used to look. Authentic native huts were brought from Mt. Provinces and are rented out to those who wish to stay overnight and experience the way locals once lived. A gallery was also constructed to house paintings and other artworks created by several local artists. The word "tam-awan" means "a high place to view". With clear weather conditions, the South China Sea and the Lingayen Gulf are visible from this location as well as from portions of Naguilian and Kennon Roads.
Philippine Military Academy Situated in the southern part of the city within Fort Del Pilar, Loakan, this military academy was created to train future officers for the Armed Forces of the Philippines. It has beautiful vistas and offers many photo opportunities.
Mansion House As an official (second) residence of the President of the Philippines, entry to the compound is restricted. The public can view the Mansion through its gate, which is patterned after that of London's Buckingham Palace. It is located in the eastern part of the city. The Mansion has also been the site of several international conferences and a working office of the President of the Philippines during his or her visits to the City.
Camp John Hay This former American recreational facility was converted into a world class resort. It features a golf course, skating rink, picnic area, and a mini golf course at the Scout Hill area. Several cottages and hotels were also converted or built to accommodate visitors. Some excellent restaurant experiences complete with fireplaces and panoramic views await visitors.
Teachers Camp A facility currently run by the Department of Education. It features several function halls, a museum, cottages, and a field and track area.
Easter Weaving Room Located within the campus of Easter School, this location allows tourists to witness the process of cloth weaving as has been practiced for ages by the natives of the mountain provinces.
Wright Park It is sometimes mistakenly called "Ride Park" by some tourists that identify this pine tree park reserve for horse rides. A long stairway leads to the "Pool of the Pines", a 100 meter long pool of water lined on both sides by the famous Baguio towering pine.
Mines View Park Named for its view of Benguet's mountain ranges where gold, silver and other ores were once quarried.
Baguio Sunshine Park The park features flowering garden and a covered stage with ethnic design, which is often used, for cultural presentation. The park itself is designed after a shield.
Botanical Garden It is also called the Igorot village, which features native huts typical of the Cordillera architecture. The garden is also a site of cultural presentations and some special tribal meetings.
Burnham Park The oldest of all Baguio parks, it provides facilities for sporting activities such as biking, skating and basketball, as well as picnics and concerts.
Baguio - Mountain Provinces Museum This museum is located within the Baguio Tourism Complex along Gov. Pack Road. It has on display a variety of artifacts and relics showcases the cultural heritage, customs and traditions of the Cordillerans.
SLU (Saint Louis University, Baguio City) Museum Located within the premise of the school, it showcases the different culture heritages of the Cordilleras. Artifacts and relics including an ancient coffin can be seen on display.
Ifugao Woodcarvers Village Located along Asin Road, about 5 kilometers from the city, is an Ifugao wood carving village, which produces and sells hand-carved curio items. Some of the most intricate carving and unusual indoor and outdoor furniture is hand-made here at reasonable prices.
Asin Hot Springs These hot springs are located 16 kilometers northwest of Baguio. Several private resorts took advantage of the natural springs in the area and constructed swimming pools for all visitors, as well as cottages for lodging.
Mt. Sto. Tomas and Mt. Kabuyao The highest peak is 7,500 feet high and commands a majestic view of the city. These mountains can be reached by foot or by vehicle. Hikers should be in good physical condition or have a substantial support system.
Lourdes Grotto This is a religious shrine housing the image of the Lady of Lourdes. About 252 steps lead to this shrine where pilgrims brave the steep climb to offer sacrifices, devotion and prayers.
Our Lady of Atonement Cathedral, better known as Baguio Cathedral One of the familiar landmarks in Baguio, the structure with its twin spires and one hundred steps sits on top of a hill in the heart of the city, offering church goers and visitors a chance to get a bird's eye view of the entire commercial hub. A popular wedding venue which can yield spectacular photographs due to the magnificent backdrops.
Bell Church This cluster of temples is located on the border of Baguio City and Trinidad Valley. It features oriental architecture, pagodas roof, ornate gateway, dragon ornaments and Buddha-guarded windows. The Bell Temple priest practices a mixture of Buddhism, Taoism, Confucianism, and Christianity.
Baguio Grand Mosque The biggest mosque in the city, located at Campo Filipino. It also houses an Islamic Studies center madrasah. Visits or field trips by non-Muslims may be arranged.
Baguio City Market Located within the central business district, this is where local products and goods from nearby towns and provinces are sold. Some of the market is on a hillside, suggesting good walking shoes are appropriate.Dominican Heritage Hill Formerly owned by the Dominicans as a retreat house, now in the name of Baguio City where spiritual, environmental and educational activities are conducted. The heritage Hill ruins is the main attraction where one can have a 360 degrees view of the city.
Iglesia Ni Cristo - Magsaysay Locale Considered to be the highest elevated INC chapel in the world above ground.
University of the Philippines Baguio (U.P. Baguio) - the national university of the Philippines, U.P. System's flag-bearer in Northern Luzon, internationally known for its excellent record in ethnic and multidisciplinary research and Cordillera Studies
Philippine Military Academy - the national training school for future officers of the Armed Forces of the Philippines
Saint Louis University, Baguio City - established in 1911 by the CICM missionaries whose aim is to educate the locals through Christian Education. Since then, it has become the largest and one of the top performing universities in the country. SLU is among the elite 15 Philippine universities recognized among top 201+ universities in Asia.
University of Baguio - founded by Dr. Fernando G. Bautista and Mrs. Rosa C. Bautista in 1948.
University of the Cordilleras - formerly Baguio Colleges Foundation, established on June 19, 1948.
Baguio Central University - formerly Lyceum of Baguio. First opened in 1945.
Pines City Colleges - formerly Pines City Doctors' Hospital School of Nursing and Pines City Educational Center. First opened as a Nursing school in 1969. The oldest school of Nursing in Baguio City (since the closing of the Baguio General Hospital School of Nursing).
Easter College - formerly Easter School. It is one of the oldest schools in the Cordilleras. The school was established by the Protestant Episcopalian missionary Rt. Rev. Charles Henry Brent in 1906.
Baguio's youth majority in the population has given it a distinct flavor different from those of other cities in the Philippines. Although Baguio City is very modern nowadays, Panagbenga Festival, the annual Flower Festival, is celebrated each February to showcase Baguio's rich cultural heritage, its appreciation of the environment, and inclination towards the arts.
The city became a haven for many Filipino artists in the 1970s-1990s. Drawn by the cool climate and low cost of living, artists such as Ben Cabrera (now a National Artist) and filmmaker Butch Perez relocated to the city. At the same time, locals such as mixed-media artist Santiago Bose and filmmaker Kidlat Tahimik were also establishing work in the city. Even today, artists like painters and sculptors from all over the country are drawn to the Baguio Arts Festival which is held annually.
Many Baguio artists used the context of cultural diversity of the Cordillera Region to establish their work. Other notable Baguio City artists include Narda Capuyan (weaving), Kawayan de Guia (painting), Kigao (sculpture), Willy Magtibay, Peter Pinder (fiber glass sculpture, painting, mixed media), Art Tibaldo (mixed media-visual arts) and Franklin Cimatu (poetry.) The active student population in Baguio has also spawned various interests in animation and digital arts, with several local artists doing work for large production and advertising agencies in the Philippines and abroad.
Category:Baguio Category:Cities in the Philippines
az:Bagio zh-min-nan:Baguio bcl:Baguio bs:Baguio ca:Baguio ceb:Dakbayan sa Baguio de:Baguio City es:Baguio fr:Baguio gl:Baguio ko:바기오 ilo:Ciudad ti Baguio id:Baguio City it:Baguio pam:Baguio Lakanbalen la:Baguio City lt:Bagijas nl:Baguio ja:バギオ pag:Siyudad na Baguio pl:Baguio pt:Baguio ru:Багио fi:Baguio City sv:Baguio City tl:Lungsod ng Baguio th:บาเกียว vi:Baguio war:Baguio zh:碧瑶市This text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
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