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Annette Benning
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Anthony Quinn
:For other people named Anthony Quinn see Anthony Quinn (disambiguation)
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Arthur Hopkins
Arthur Hopkins (1878 – March 22, 1950) was a Broadway theater director and producer in the early twentieth century. He directed plays by playwrights in American Expressionist theater, including Elmer Rice, Sophie Treadwell, and Eugene O'Neill.
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Arthur Laurents
Arthur Laurents (born July 14, 1918) is an American playwright, librettist, stage director, and screenwriter. His credits include the stage musicals West Side Story and and the film The Way We Were.
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Barbra Streisand
Barbra Streisand ( ; born Barbara Joan Streisand, April 24, 1942) is an American singer, actress, director, and songwriter. She has won two Academy Awards, eight Grammy Awards, four Emmy Awards, a Special Tony Award, an American Film Institute award, and a Peabody Award.
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Bette Davis
Ruth Elizabeth "Bette" Davis (April 5, 1908 – October 6, 1989) was an American actress of film, television and theatre. Noted for her willingness to play unsympathetic characters, she was highly regarded for her performances in a range of film genres; from contemporary crime melodramas to historical and period films and occasional comedies, though her greatest successes were her roles in romantic dramas.
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Billie Burke
Mary William Ethelbert Appleton "Billie" Burke (August 7, 1884 – May 14, 1970) was an American actress. She is primarily known to modern audiences as Glinda the Good Witch of the North in the musical film The Wizard of Oz. She was nominated for an Academy Award for her performance as Emily Kilbourne in Merrily We Live.
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Blythe Danner
Blythe Katherine Danner (born February 3, 1943) is an American actress. She is the mother of actress Gwyneth Paltrow and director Jake Paltrow.
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Burt Lancaster
Burton Stephen "Burt" Lancaster (November 2, 1913 – October 20, 1994) was an American film actor, noted for his athletic physique, distinctive smile (which he called "The Grin") and, later, his willingness to play roles that went against his initial "tough guy" image. Initially dismissed as "Mr Muscles and Teeth", in the late 1950s Lancaster abandoned his "all-American" image and gradually came to be regarded as one of the best actors of his generation.
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Carole Lombard
Carole Lombard (October 6, 1908 – January 16, 1942) was an American actress. She was particularly noted for her comedic roles in several classic films of the 1930s, most notably in the 1936 film My Man Godfrey. She is listed as one of the American Film Institute's greatest stars of all time and was the highest-paid star in Hollywood in the late 1930s, earning around US$500,000 per year (more than five times the salary of the US President). Lombard's career was cut short when she died at the age of 33 in the crash of TWA Flight 3.
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Cary Grant
Archibald Alexander Leach (January 18, 1904 – November 29, 1986), better known by his stage name Cary Grant, was an English-American actor. With his distinctive yet not quite placeable Mid-Atlantic accent, he was noted as perhaps the foremost exemplar of the debonair leading man: handsome, virile, charismatic, and charming.
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Catherine of Aragon
Catherine of Aragon (Spanish: Catalina de Aragón; Catalina de Trastámara y Trastámara) (16 December 1485 – 7 January 1536), also known as Katherine or Katharine, was Queen of England as the first wife of King Henry VIII of England and Princess of Wales as the wife to Arthur, Prince of Wales. In 1507, she also held the position of Ambassador for the Spanish Court in England when her father found himself without one, becoming the first female ambassador in European history. For six months, she served as Queen Regent of England while Henry VIII was in France. During that time the English won the Battle of Flodden, an event in which Catherine played an important part. The controversial book "The Education of Christian Women" by Juan Luis Vives, which claimed women have the right to an education, was dedicated to and commissioned by her. Such was Catherine's impression on people, that even her enemy, Thomas Cromwell, said of her "If not for her sex, she could have defied all the heroes of History." William Shakespeare described her as "The Queen of Earthly Queens", and during her early years as queen consort she was described as "The most beautiful creature in the world." She successfully appealed for the lives of the rebels involved in the Evil May Day for the sake of their families. Furthermore, Catherine won widespread admiration by starting an extensive programme for the relief of the poor. She was also a patron of Renaissance humanism, and a friend of the great scholars Erasmus of Rotterdam and Saint Thomas More.
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Clara Wieck Schumann
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Clark Gable
William Clark Gable (February 1, 1901 – November 16, 1960) was an American film actor, nicknamed "The King of Hollywood" in his heyday. In 1999, the American Film Institute named Gable seventh among the greatest male stars of all time.
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Coco Chanel
Gabrielle Bonheur "Coco" Chanel (19 August 1883 – 10 January 1971) was a pioneering French fashion designer whose modernist philosophy, menswear-inspired fashions, and pursuit of expensive simplicity made her an important figure in 20th-century fashion. She was the founder of the famous fashion brand Chanel. Her extraordinary influence on fashion was such that she was the only person in the couturier field to be named on .
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Cynthia McFadden
Cynthia McFadden (born May 27, 1956) is an anchor and correspondent for ABC News who currently co-anchors Nightline and Primetime.
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David Lean
Sir David Lean CBE (25 March 190816 April 1991) was a British filmmaker, producer, screenwriter and editor, best remembered for big-screen epics such as The Bridge on the River Kwai, Lawrence of Arabia,
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Dick Cavett
Richard Alva "Dick" Cavett (born November 19, 1936) is a former American television talk show host known for his conversational style and in-depth discussion of issues. Cavett appeared regularly on nationally broadcast television in the United States in five consecutive decades, the 1960s through the 2000s.
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Dorothy Parker
Dorothy Parker (August 22, 1893 – June 7, 1967) was an American poet and satirist, best known for her wit, wisecracks, and sharp eye for 20th century urban foibles.
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Edward Albee
Edward Franklin Albee III ( ; born March 12, 1928) is an American playwright who is best known for ''Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf?, The Zoo Story, A Delicate Balance and Three Tall Women''. His works are considered well-crafted, often unsympathetic examinations of the modern condition. His early works reflect a mastery and Americanization of the Theatre of the Absurd that found its peak in works by European playwrights such as Jean Genet, Samuel Beckett, and Eugène Ionesco. Younger American playwrights, such as Paula Vogel, credit Albee's daring mix of theatricalism and biting dialogue with helping to reinvent the post-war American theatre in the early 1960s. Albee continues to experiment in new works, such as (2002).
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Eleanor of Aquitaine
Eleanor of Aquitaine (in French: Aliénor d’Aquitaine, Éléonore de Guyenne) (1122 – 1 April 1204) was one of the wealthiest and most powerful women in Western Europe during the High Middle Ages. As well as being Duchess of Aquitaine in her own right, she was queen consort of France 1137–1152 and queen consort of England 1154–1189. She was the patroness of such literary figures as Wace, Benoît de Sainte-More, and Chrétien de Troyes.
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Elizabeth Taylor
Dame Elizabeth Rosemond Taylor, DBE (born 27 February 1932), also known as Liz Taylor, is an English-American actress. She is known for her acting talent and beauty, as well as her Hollywood lifestyle, including many marriages. Taylor is considered one of the great actresses of Hollywood's golden age.
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Eugene O'Neill
'''Eugene Gladstone O'Neill''' (16 October 1888 – 27 November 1953) was an American playwright, and Nobel laureate in Literature. His plays are among the first to introduce into American drama the techniques of realism, associated with Russian playwright Anton Chekhov, Norwegian playwright Henrik Ibsen, and Swedish playwright August Strindberg. His plays were among the first to include speeches in American vernacular and involve characters on the fringes of society, engaging in depraved behavior, where they struggle to maintain their hopes and aspirations, but ultimately slide into disillusionment and despair. O'Neill wrote only one well-known comedy (Ah, Wilderness!). Nearly all of his other plays involve some degree of tragedy and personal pessimism.
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Euripides
Euripides (Ancient Greek: ) (ca. 480 BC – 406 BC) was the last
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Frank Capra
Frank Russell Capra (May 18, 1897 – September 3, 1991) was a Sicilian-born American film director and a creative force behind a number of films of the 1930s and 1940s, including It Happened One Night (1934), Mr. Deeds Goes to Town (1936), Lost Horizon (1937), ''You Can't Take It With You (1938), Mr. Smith Goes to Washington (1939), Meet John Doe (1941), Arsenic and Old Lace (1944) and It's a Wonderful Life'' (1946).
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Garson Kanin
Garson Kanin (November 24, 1912 – March 13, 1999) was an American writer and director of plays and films.
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George Bernard Shaw
George Bernard Shaw (26 July 1856 – 2 November 1950) was an Irish playwright and a co-founder of the London School of Economics. Although his first profitable writing was music and literary criticism, in which capacity he wrote many highly articulate pieces of journalism, his main talent was for drama, and he wrote more than 60 plays. Nearly all his writings deal sternly with prevailing social problems, but have a vein of comedy to make their stark themes more palatable. Shaw examined education, marriage, religion, government, health care, and class privilege.
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George Cukor
George Dewey Cukor (July 7, 1899 – January 24, 1983) was an American film director. He mainly concentrated on comedies and literary adaptations. His career flourished at RKO and later MGM, where he directed What Price Hollywood? (1932), A Bill of Divorcement (1932), Dinner at Eight (1933), Little Women (1933), David Copperfield (1935), Romeo and Juliet (1936) and Camille (1937).
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George Orwell
Eric Arthur Blair (25 June 1903 – 21 January 1950), better known by his pen name George Orwell, was a British author and journalist. His work is marked by keen intelligence and wit, a profound awareness of social injustice, an intense, revolutionary opposition to totalitarianism, a passion for clarity in language and a belief in democratic socialism.
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Ginger Rogers
Ginger Rogers (July 16, 1911 – April 25, 1995) was an American actress, dancer, and singer who appeared in film, and on stage, radio, and television throughout much of the 20th century.
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Henry Fonda
Henry Jaynes Fonda (May 16, 1905 – August 12, 1982) was an American film and stage actor.
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Howard Hawks
Howard Winchester Hawks (May 30, 1896 – December 26, 1977) was an American film director, producer and screenwriter of the classic Hollywood era. He is popular for his films from a wide range of genres such as Scarface (1932), Bringing Up Baby (1938), Only Angels Have Wings (1939), His Girl Friday (1940), Sergeant York (1941), The Big Sleep (1946), Red River (1948), Gentlemen Prefer Blondes (1953), Rio Bravo (1959), and El Dorado (1967).
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Howard Hughes
Howard Robard Hughes, Jr. (December 24, 1905 – April 5, 1976) was an American aviator, engineer, industrialist, film producer, film director, philanthropist, and one of the wealthiest people in the world. He gained prominence from the late 1920s as a maverick film producer, making big-budget and often controversial films like ''Hell's Angels, Scarface and The Outlaw''. Hughes was one of the most influential aviators in history: he set multiple world air-speed records, built the Hughes H-1 Racer and H-4 "Hercules" (better known to history as the "Spruce Goose") aircraft, and acquired and expanded Trans World Airlines. Hughes is also remembered for his eccentric behavior and reclusive lifestyle in later life, caused in part by a worsening obsessive–compulsive disorder. His legacy is maintained through the Howard Hughes Medical Institute.
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Humphrey Bogart
Humphrey DeForest Bogart (December 25, 1899 – January 14, 1957) was an American actor. He is widely regarded as a cultural icon.
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James Stewart
James Maitland "Jimmy" Stewart (May 20, 1908 – July 2, 1997) was an American film and stage actor. Over the course of his career, he starred in many films widely considered classics and was nominated for five Academy Awards, winning one in competition and receiving one Lifetime Achievement award. He was a major MGM contract star. He also had a noted military career and was a World War II and Vietnam War veteran, who rose to the rank of Brigadier General in the United States Air Force Reserve.
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Jed Harris
Jed Harris (born Jacob Hirsch Horowitz in Lviv, Austria-Hungary) (February 25, 1900 - November 15, 1979) was a renowned Austrian-American theater producer and director, and writer of film.
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John Barrymore
John Sidney Blyth Barrymore (February 15, 1882 – May 29, 1942) was an American actor. He first gained fame as a stage actor in light comedy, then high drama and culminating in groundbreaking portrayals in Shakespearean plays Hamlet and Richard III. His success continued with motion pictures in various genres in both the silent and sound eras. Barrymore's personal life has been the subject of much writing before and since his passing in 1942. Today John Barrymore is mostly known for his roles in movies like Grand Hotel (1932), Dinner at Eight (1933), Twentieth Century (1934), and Don Juan (1926), the first ever movie to use a Vitaphone soundtrack.
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John Ford
Rear Admiral (reserve)
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John Huston
John Huston (August 5, 1906 – August 28, 1987) was an American film director, screenwriter and actor. He wrote most of the 37 feature films he directed, many of which are today considered "classics": The Maltese Falcon (1941), The Treasure of the Sierra Madre (1948), Key Largo (1948), The Asphalt Jungle (1950), The African Queen (1951), Moulin Rouge (1952), The Misfits (1960), and The Man Who Would Be King (1975). During his 46-year career, Huston received 15 Oscar nominations, winning twice, and directed both his father, Walter Huston, and daughter, Anjelica Huston to Oscar wins in different films.
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John Wayne
Marion Mitchell "Duke" Morrison (born Marion Robert Morrison; May 26, 1907 – June 11, 1979), better known by his stage name John Wayne, was an Academy Award-winning American film actor, director and producer. He epitomized rugged masculinity and became an enduring American icon. He is famous for his distinctive voice, walk and height. He was also known for his conservative political views and his support, beginning in the 1950s, for anti-communist positions.
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Joseph L. Mankiewicz
Joseph Leo Mankiewicz (11 February 1909 – 5 February 1993) was an American film director, screenwriter, and producer. Mankiewicz had a long Hollywood career and is best known as the writer-director of the Oscar-winning All About Eve (1950). He was brother to the equally famous screenwriter and drama critic Herman J. Mankiewicz who also won an Oscar — for co-writing Citizen Kane (1941).
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Joseph Stalin
Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin (18 December 1878 – 5 March 1953) was a Soviet politician and head of state who served as the first General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union's Central Committee from 1922 until his death in 1953. After the death of Vladimir Lenin in 1924, Stalin rose to become the leader of the Soviet Union, which he ruled as a dictator.
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Judy Holliday
Judy Holliday (June 21, 1921 – June 7, 1965) was an American actress.
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Katharine Houghton
Katharine Houghton (born Katharine Houghton Grant; 10 March 1945) is an American actress. She is best known for her role as Joanna "Joey" Drayton, a Caucasian woman who brings home an African-American fiancé to meet her parents, in the 1967 film ''Guess Who's Coming to Dinner''. Katharine Hepburn, who played the mother of Houghton's character in the film, was in real life Houghton's aunt.
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Kenneth MacKenna
Kenneth MacKenna (August 19, 1899 - January 15, 1962) was an American actor and film director, born Leo Mielziner, Jr. in Canterbury, New Hampshire.
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Lauren Bacall
Lauren Bacall (born Betty Joan Perske September 16, 1924) is an American film and stage actress and model, known for her distinctive husky voice and sultry looks.
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Laurence Olivier
Laurence Kerr Olivier, Baron Olivier, OM (; 22 May 1907 – 11 July 1989) was an English actor, director, and producer. He was one of the most famous and revered British actors of the 20th century. He married Jill Esmond, Vivien Leigh and Joan Plowright.
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Laurette Taylor
Laurette Taylor (born April 1, 1884, or according to some sources, a year earlier, in 1883 , died December 7, 1946) was an American actress of stage and silent films.
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Leland Hayward
Leland Hayward (September 13, 1902 – March 18, 1971) was a Hollywood and Broadway agent and theatrical producer. He produced the original Broadway stage productions of Rodgers and Hammerstein's South Pacific and The Sound of Music.
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Louis B. Mayer
Louis Burt Mayer (1884 – October 29, 1957) was a Belarus-born American film producer. He is generally cited as the creator of the "star system" within Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM) in its golden years. Known always as Louis B. Mayer and often simply as "L.B.", he believed in wholesome entertainment and went to great lengths so that MGM had "more stars than there are in the heavens".
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Louis IX of France
Louis IX (25 April 1214 – 25 August 1270), commonly Saint Louis, was King of France from 1226 until his death. He was also styled Louis II, Count of Artois from 1226 to 1237. Born at Poissy, near Paris, he was a member of the House of Capet, the son of Louis VIII and Blanche of Castile. He worked with the Parliament of Paris in order to improve the professionalism of his administration in regards to legal actions.
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Ludlow Ogden Smith
Ludlow Ogden Smith (February 6, 1899 – July 13, 1979) was a Philadelphia businessman.
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Martin Scorsese
Martin Charles Scorsese (; born November 17, 1942) is an American film director, screenwriter, producer, actor, and film historian. He is the founder of the World Cinema Foundation and a recipient of the AFI Life Achievement Award for his contributions to the cinema, and has won awards from the Oscars, Golden Globe, BAFTA, and Directors Guild of America. Scorsese is president of The Film Foundation, a nonprofit organization dedicated to film preservation.
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Mary Boland
Mary Boland (January 28, 1882 – June 23, 1965) was an American stage and film actress.
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Mary, Queen of Scots
Mary, Queen of Scots (born as Mary Stewart and known in French as Marie Stuart; 8 December 1542 – 8 February 1587) was Scottish queen regnant from 14 December 1542 to 24 July 1567. In lists of Scottish monarchs, she is recognised as Mary I.
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Montgomery Clift
Edward Montgomery Clift (October 17, 1920July 23, 1966) was an American film and stage actor. The New York Times’ obituary noted his portrayal of "moody, sensitive young men". Clift received four Academy Award nominations during his career, three for Best Actor and one for Best Supporting Actor.
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Myrna Loy
Myrna Loy (August 2, 1905 – December 14, 1993) was an American actress. Trained as a dancer, she devoted herself fully to an acting career following a few minor roles in silent films. Originally typecast in exotic roles, often as a vamp or a woman of Asian descent, her career prospects improved following her portrayal of Nora Charles in The Thin Man (1934). Her successful pairing with William Powell resulted in fourteen films together, including several subsequent Thin Man films.
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Myron Fagan
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Pandro Berman
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Pandro S. Berman
Pandro S. "Pan" Berman (March 28, 1905July 13, 1996), known as Pandro S. Berman, was an American film producer.
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Peter O'Toole
'''Peter Seamus Lorcan O'Toole' (born 2 August 1932) is an Irish actor of stage and screen who achieved stardom in 1962 playing T. E. Lawrence in Lawrence of Arabia''. He went on to become a highly-honoured film and stage actor. He has been nominated for eight Academy Awards, and holds the record for most competitive Academy Award acting nominations without a win. He has won four Golden Globes, a BAFTA, an Emmy and was the recipient of an Honorary Academy Award in 2003 for his body of work.
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Philip Barry
Philip James Quinn Barry (June 18, 1896 – December 3, 1949) was an American playwright born in Rochester, New York.
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Preston Sturges
Preston Sturges (29 August 1898 – 6 August 1959), originally Edmund Preston Biden, was a celebrated screenwriter and film director born in Chicago, Illinois. In 1941 he won the Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay for the film The Great McGinty.
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Robert Mitchum
Robert Charles Durman Mitchum (August 6, 1917 – July 1, 1997) was an American film actor, author, composer and singer and is #23 on the American Film Institute's list of the greatest male American screen legends of all time. Mitchum is largely remembered for his starring roles in several major works of the film noir style, and is considered a forerunner of the anti-heroes prevalent in film during the 1950s and 1960s.
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Robert Ryan
Robert Bushnell Ryan (November 11, 1909 – July 11, 1973) was an American actor who often played hardened cops and ruthless villains.
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Roger Ebert
Roger Joseph Ebert (; born June 18, 1942) is an American film critic and screenwriter. Forbes has described him as "the most powerful pundit in America".
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Rossano Brazzi
Rossano Brazzi (18 September 1916 – 24 December 1994) was an Italian actor.
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Ruth Gordon
Ruth Gordon Jones (October 30, 1896 – August 28, 1985), better known as Ruth Gordon, was an American actress and writer. She was perhaps best known for her film roles such as the oversolicitous neighbor in ''Rosemary's Baby, the eccentric Maude in Harold and Maude and as the mother of Orville Boggs in the Clint Eastwood film Every Which Way But Loose''. In addition to her acting career, Gordon wrote numerous well-known plays, film scripts and books. Gordon won an Academy Award, an Emmy and two Golden Globe awards for her acting.
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Sam Spiegel
Sam Spiegel (11 November 1901 – 31 December 1985) was an independent film producer.
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Schuyler Grant
Schuyler Grant (born Schuyler DeBarthe Ranson Grant on April 29, 1971) is an American actress best known for supporting roles in television, including the popular Anne of Green Gables mini-series.
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Sidney Lumet
Sidney Lumet (, loo-MET; born June 25, 1924) is an American film director, with over 50 films to his name, including 12 Angry Men (1957), Dog Day Afternoon (1975), Network (1976) and The Verdict (1982), all of which earned him Academy Award nominations for Best Director.
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Spencer Tracy
Spencer Bonaventure Tracy (April 5, 1900 – June 10, 1967) was an American theatrical and film actor, who appeared in 74 films from 1930 to 1967. In 1999, the American Film Institute ranked Tracy ninth among the Greatest Male Stars of All Time. He was nominated for nine Academy Awards for Best Actor in all, winning two.
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Sydney Poitier
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Tennessee Williams
Tennessee Williams (March 26, 1911 – February 25, 1983) born Thomas Lanier Williams, was an American playwright who received many of the top theatrical awards for his works of drama. He moved to New Orleans in 1939 and changed his name to "Tennessee", the Southeastern U.S. state, his father's birthplace.
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Tony Richardson
Cecil Antonio "Tony" Richardson (5 June 1928 – 14 November 1991) was an English theatre and film director and producer.
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Truman Capote
Truman Capote (; September 30, 1924 – August 25, 1984) was an American author and comedian, many of whose short stories, novels, plays and nonfiction are recognized literary classics, including the novella ''Breakfast at Tiffany's (1958) and In Cold Blood'' (1965), which he labeled a "nonfiction novel." At least 20 films and television dramas have been produced from Capote novels, stories and screenplays.
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Vivien Leigh
Vivien Leigh, Lady Olivier (5 November 1913 – 7 July 1967) was an English actress. She won two Best Actress Academy Awards for playing "southern belles": Scarlett O'Hara in Gone with the Wind (1939) and Blanche DuBois in A Streetcar Named Desire (1951), a role she had also played on stage in London's West End.
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Warren Beatty
Warren Beatty (, ; born March 30, 1937) is an American actor, producer, screenwriter and director.
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William Shakespeare
William Shakespeare (baptised 26 April 1564; died 23 April 1616) was an English poet and playwright, widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the world's pre-eminent dramatist. He is often called England's national poet and the "Bard of Avon". His surviving works, including some collaborations, consist of about 38 plays, 154 sonnets, two long narrative poems, and several other poems. His plays have been translated into every major living language and are performed more often than those of any other playwright.
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World War I
World War I was a military conflict centered on Europe that began in the summer of 1914. The fighting ended in late 1918. This conflict involved all of the world's great powers, assembled in two opposing alliances: the Allies (centred around the Triple Entente) and the Central Powers. More than 70 million military personnel, including 60 million Europeans, were mobilized in one of the largest wars in history. More than 9 million combatants were killed, due largely to great technological advances in firepower without corresponding ones in mobility. It was the second deadliest conflict in history.
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Baltimore
Baltimore () is the largest independent city in the United States and the largest city and cultural center of the U.S. state of Maryland. The city is located in central Maryland along the tidal portion of the Patapsco River, an arm of the Chesapeake Bay. Baltimore is sometimes referred to as Baltimore City in order to distinguish it from surrounding Baltimore County. Founded in 1729, Baltimore is a major U.S. seaport and is situated closer to major Midwestern markets than any other major seaport on the East Coast. Baltimore's Inner Harbor was once the second leading port of entry for immigrants to the United States and a major manufacturing center. The harbor is now home to Harborplace, a shopping, entertainment, and tourist center, and the National Aquarium in Baltimore. After a decline in manufacturing, Baltimore shifted to a service-oriented economy. Johns Hopkins University and Johns Hopkins Hospital are now the city's largest employers.
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Broadway theatre
Broadway theatre, commonly called simply Broadway, refers to theatrical performances presented in one of the 40 large professional theatres with 500 seats or more located in the Theatre District, New York and in Lincoln Center, in Manhattan, New York City.Although theater is the preferred spelling in the U.S.A. (see further at American and British English Spelling Differences), the majority of venues, performers, and trade groups for live dramatic presentations use the spelling theatre. Along with London's West End theatre, Broadway theatre is usually considered to represent the highest level of commercial theatre in the English-speaking world.
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Cannes Film Festival
The Cannes Film Festival (), founded in 1946, is one of the world's oldest and most prestigious film festivals. The private festival is held annually (usually in May) at the Palais des Festivals et des Congrès, in the resort town of Cannes, in the south of France.
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Communist Party USA
The Communist Party of the United States of America (CPUSA) is a Marxist-Leninist political party in the United States, established in 1919.
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Connecticut
Connecticut () (state code CT) is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States. It is bordered by Rhode Island to the east, Massachusetts to the north, and New York to the west and south (because various islands of New York span Connecticut's entire coast).
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Cort Theatre
The Cort Theatre is a legitimate Broadway theatre located at 138 West 48th Street in midtown-Manhattan. The Shubert Organization purchased the theatre in 1927, two years before Cort's death.
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Fenwick, Connecticut
Fenwick is a borough in Middlesex County, Connecticut, United States, in the town of Old Saybrook. The population was 52 at the 2000 census, making it the least populous municipality in Connecticut. It is a popular summer colony. Most of the borough is included in Fenwick Historic District, a historic district listed on the National Register of Historic Places. In 1995, the district included 66 contributing buildings and one other contributing site.
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Hollywood
Hollywood is a neighborhood in Los Angeles, California - situated west-northwest of Downtown Los Angeles. Due to its fame and cultural identity as the historical center of movie studios and movie stars, the word "Hollywood" is often used as a metonym of American cinema, and is often interchangeably used to refer to the greater Los Angeles area in general. The nicknames StarStruck Town and Tinseltown refer to Hollywood and its movie industry. Today, much of the movie industry has dispersed into surrounding areas such as the Westside neighborhood, but significant auxiliary industries, such as editing, effects, props, post-production, and lighting companies remain in Hollywood, as does the backlot of Paramount Pictures.
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Manhattan
Manhattan is one of the five boroughs of New York City. Located primarily on Manhattan Island at the mouth of the Hudson River, the boundaries of the borough are identical to those of New York County, an original county of the state of New York. It consists of Manhattan Island and several small adjacent islands: Roosevelt Island, Randall's Island, Wards Island, Governors Island, Liberty Island, part of Ellis Island, and U Thant Island; as well as Marble Hill, a small section on the mainland adjacent to the Bronx. The original city of New York began at the southern end of Manhattan, and expanded in 1898 to include surrounding counties. It is the smallest, yet most urbanized of the five boroughs.
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Mexico
Mexico, (pronounced ; ), officially known as the United Mexican States (), is a federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of Mexico. Covering almost 2 million square kilometres (over 760,000 sq mi), Mexico is the fifth-largest country in the Americas by total area and the 14th largest independent nation in the world. With an estimated population of 111 million, it is the 11th most populous country and the most populous Hispanophone country on Earth. Mexico is a federation comprising thirty-one states and a Federal District, the capital city.
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'''Sotheby's''' is the world's fourth oldest auction house in continuous operation.
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Venice ( , Venetian: Venesia) is a city in northern Italy known both for tourism and for industry, and is the capital of the region Veneto, with a population of about 272,000 (census estimate 1 January 2004). Together with Padua, the city is included in the Padua-Venice Metropolitan Area (population 1,600,000).
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Venice Film Festival
The Venice Film Festival is the oldest film festival in the world. Founded by Count Giuseppe Volpi in 1932 as the "Esposizione Internazionale d'Arte Cinematografica", the festival has since taken place every year in late August or early September on the island of the Lido, Venice, Italy. Screenings take place in the historic Palazzo del Cinema on the Lungomare Marconi. It is one of the world's most prestigious film festivals and is part of the Venice Biennale, a major biennial exhibition and festival for contemporary art.
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Virginia
The Commonwealth of Virginia () is a U.S. state on the Atlantic Coast of the Southern United States. Virginia is nicknamed the "Old Dominion" and sometimes the "Mother of Presidents" because it is the birthplace of eight U.S. presidents. The geography and climate of the state are shaped by the Blue Ridge Mountains and the Chesapeake Bay, which provide habitat for much of its flora and fauna. The capital of the Commonwealth is Richmond; Virginia Beach is the most populous city and Fairfax County the most populous political subdivision. The state population is nearly eight million.
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West End theatre
West End theatre is a popular term for mainstream professional theatre staged in the large theatres of London's 'Theatreland,' the West End. Along with New York's Broadway theatre, West End theatre is usually considered to represent the highest level of commercial theatre in the English speaking world. Seeing a West End show is a common tourist activity in London.
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Holiday Filmography
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YouTube Holiday 1938
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:16
- Published: 02 Feb 2009
- Uploaded: 23 Oct 2011
- Author: wikievidently
Holiday (1938) - Cary Grant - Katharine Hepburn - Some Dreams
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:56
- Published: 02 Aug 2011
- Uploaded: 28 Sep 2011
- Author: VindobonaNorikum2
Holiday is a 1938 is a film directed by George Cukor, and stars Katharine Hepburn, Cary Grant.
http://wn.com/Holiday_1938__Cary_Grant__Katharine_Hepburn__Some_Dreams
Back in your own Backyard - Billie Holiday 1938
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:43
- Published: 04 Mar 2008
- Uploaded: 22 Oct 2011
- Author: erwigaudio
Back in your own Backyard - Billie Holiday In New York on Janary 6 and January 12 1938 two recording sessions were organized. The first as Teddy Wilson and his Orchestra and the second as Billie Holiday and her Orchestra. A total of 12 tunes were recorded. Buck Clayton trumpet, Lester Young tenor sax, Teddy Wilson piano, Freddie Green guitar, Walter Page bass and Jo Jones drums. Billie did the vocals. Of course I cannot show you film of Billie singing this famous classic.This morning I filmed a number of shots from our own backyard as a background to this wonderful music of Billy and her fabulous swinging musicians. ( first posted on ilbofilms May 07, 2007; 2711 views)
http://wn.com/Back_in_your_own_Backyard__Billie_Holiday_1938
Cary Grant Tells Off Goldman Sachs
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:41
- Published: 27 Sep 2007
- Uploaded: 20 Oct 2011
- Author: ColtraneNYC
1938's "Holiday" is one of the funniest and most genuinely romantic movies ever made, and therefore one of the most democratic. (Small "d", as that nitwit Ronald Raygun used to say.) It is also heartbreaking, because it embodies that part of the American character -- since exterminated by the media/corporate takedown of the culture -- which always recognized that in dealing with the rich and powerful, cut the cards first and never turn your back. And that the link between wealth and character is non-existent. "Holiday" proves it to us: this used to be a pretty great country.
http://wn.com/Cary_Grant_Tells_Off_Goldman_Sachs
Back in your own Backyard - Billie Holiday 1938
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:43
- Published: 17 Aug 2007
- Uploaded: 22 Oct 2011
- Author: erwigfilms
Back in your own Backyard - Billie Holiday In New York on Janary 6 and January 12 1938 two recording sessions were organized. The first as Teddy Wilson and his Orchestra and the second as Billie Holiday and her Orchestra. A total of 12 tunes were recorded. Buck Clayton trumpet, Lester Young tenor sax, Teddy Wilson piano, Freddie Green guitar, Walter Page bass and Jo Jones drums. Billie did the vocals. Of course I cannot show you film of Billie singing this famous classic.This morning I filmed a number of shots from our own backyard as a background to this wonderful music of Billy and her fabulous swinging musicians.
http://wn.com/Back_in_your_own_Backyard__Billie_Holiday_1938
Holiday at Hollybrook House, Co Sligo 1938
My grandfather's brother, Edgar Smith and their mother had Hollybrook House during the 1930s and ran it as an hotel. This is a film of my family and others on holiday there in (I think) 1938. The film begins with the family car being loaded onto the ferry at Liverpool. --------------------------- This is from the brochure for the hotel: "Hollybrook ... 14 miles from the sea, in Co Sligo between Connemara and County Donegal. Formerly the old home of the ffolliott family, it is the scene of Carleton's novel "Willy Reilly and his Colleen Bawn". "It is beautifully situated on the west shore of Lough Arrow, and now adapted to meet the needs of an Hotel, offers many attractions to the sportsman, antiquarian and naturalist."
http://wn.com/Holiday_at_Hollybrook_House,_Co_Sligo_1938
Holiday (1938) - What is the answer?
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 0:58
- Published: 16 Aug 2011
- Uploaded: 11 Sep 2011
- Author: DanaGeister
Cary Grant explains it beautifully.
http://wn.com/Holiday_1938__What_is_the_answer?
78rpm: Any Old Time - Art Shaw and his Orchestra w/Billie Holiday, 1938 - Bluebird 7759
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:33
- Published: 21 Aug 2011
- Uploaded: 22 Oct 2011
- Author: SwingMan1937
Very sentimental tune here - in more ways than one. AJN, if you're out there, you know well of what I speak - and what we used to speak whenever this one was played. If he's to be believed, Artie wrote this one especially for Billie Holiday, who'd leave the band not long after this recording was made. And, as such, this was the only recording Billie made with Artie. Thanks to the hawkeyes of "shaunstuff79" and "BcuzJazz" being Johnny-on-the-spot, the last record here to re-complete my entire run of Artie Shaw Bluebird 78's is here at last. :) Dig.....
http://wn.com/78rpm_Any_Old_Time__Art_Shaw_and_his_Orchestra_w/Billie_Holiday,_1938__Bluebird_7759
The Classical Review by Jessica Kellgren-Hayes: Holiday (1938)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:52
- Published: 18 Jul 2011
- Uploaded: 07 Oct 2011
- Author: MissJessicaKH
Holiday (1938) Director: George Cukor Writers: Philip Barry (original play), Donald Ogden Stewart (screenplay), Sidney Buchman (screenplay) Stars: Katharine Hepburn ... Linda Seton Cary Grant ... Johnny Case Doris Nolan ... Julia Seton Lew Ayres ... Ned Seton Henry Kolker ... Edward Seton Edward Everett Horton ... Professor Nick Potter Jean Dixon ... Susan Potter Johnny Case is a self-made man about to marry into a rich family. Will his dream of a long 'holiday' to find himself become reality or will he be forced to settle down? His fiancée's sister seems to have the answer...
http://wn.com/The_Classical_Review_by_Jessica_Kellgren-Hayes_Holiday_1938
Favourite Moments - Holiday
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:54
- Published: 16 Feb 2011
- Uploaded: 03 Sep 2011
- Author: GoldenEraDame
Some of my favourite moments from the 1938 Katharine Hepburn/Cary Grant film Holiday.
http://wn.com/Favourite_Moments__Holiday
Bahrain Holiday - 1938
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:16
- Published: 13 May 2008
- Uploaded: 26 Aug 2010
- Author: selwavideo
Oil men from Dhahran take a weekend trip to Bahrain. They visit the suq, picnic near an ancient spring and witness an excellent display of Bahraini stick fighting.
http://wn.com/Bahrain_Holiday__1938
Scene from Holiday (1938)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:42
- Published: 29 Mar 2011
- Uploaded: 09 Jun 2011
- Author: chefducinema
Pairing great food & great movies! chef du cinema presents: chef-du-cinema.blogspot.com
http://wn.com/Scene_from_Holiday_1938
![The Johnny Case Approach [from Holiday (1938)]](http://web.archive.org./web/20111113231249im_/http://i.ytimg.com/vi/ZmFXo2ZqB5s/0.jpg "The Johnny Case Approach [from Holiday (1938)]")
The Johnny Case Approach [from Holiday (1938)]
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 0:12
- Published: 03 Sep 2009
- Uploaded: 19 Aug 2010
- Author: cuckoo4cukor
"...you know what I do."
http://wn.com/The_Johnny_Case_Approach_ from_Holiday_1938
1938 tube stock and Isle of Wight steam - Bank Holiday 2009
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:05
- Published: 31 Aug 2009
- Uploaded: 02 Feb 2011
- Author: MrSignalbelle
Clips from the Upminster depot open day, Brading IOW and the Isle of Wight steam festival.
http://wn.com/1938_tube_stock_and_Isle_of_Wight_steam__Bank_Holiday_2009
Billie Holiday - The Very Thought Of You (1938)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:50
- Published: 02 Jan 2011
- Uploaded: 13 Oct 2011
- Author: RoundMidnightTV
"The Very Thought of You" is a pop standard published in 1934, with music and lyrics by Ray Noble. In addition to Noble's own hit recording of the song with his orchestra, featuring the vocals of Al Bowlly, there was also a popular version recorded that same year by Bing Crosby.
http://wn.com/Billie_Holiday__The_Very_Thought_Of_You_1938
Cary Grant - The Mambo craze
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:12
- Published: 29 Dec 2010
- Uploaded: 16 Oct 2011
- Author: manipenni05
I very much love Cary Grant! At this beautiful man magnificent sense of humour! Amazing Quest of Ernest Bliss, 1936 Bringing Up Baby, 1938 Holiday, 1938 Only Angels Have Wings, 1939 My Favorite Wife, 1940 Philadelphia Story, 1940 Monkey Business, 1952 An Affair to Remember, 1957 Indiscreet, 1958 Charade, 1963
http://wn.com/Cary_Grant__The_Mambo_craze
Andy Hardy & Family Christmas 1938 Greetings.
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:53
- Published: 20 Dec 2007
- Uploaded: 10 Aug 2011
- Author: jvarela965
This was a holiday bumper made by MGM for the 1938 Holiday season to be shown in theaters
http://wn.com/Andy_Hardy_Family_Christmas_1938_Greetings
Teddy Wilson & His Orchestra (w Billie Holiday) - You're So Desirable - Brunswick 8283
Bobby Hackett, c / Trummy Young, tb / Toots Mondello, Ted Buckner, as / Bud Freeman, Chu Berry, ts / Teddy Wilson, p / Albert Casey, g / Milton Hinton, sb / Cozy Cole, d / Billie Holiday, v. New York, November 28, 1938.
http://wn.com/Teddy_Wilson_His_Orchestra_w_Billie_Holiday__You're_So_Desirable__Brunswick_8283
Teddy Wilson & His Orchestra (w Billie Holiday) - April In My Heart - Brunswick 8265
Harry James, t / Benny Morton, tb / Edgar Sampson, Benny Carter, as / Lester Young, Herschel Evans, ts / Teddy Wilson, p / Albert Casey, g / Walter Page, sb / Joe Jones, d / Billie Holiday, v. New York, 9. November 1938.
http://wn.com/Teddy_Wilson_His_Orchestra_w_Billie_Holiday__April_In_My_Heart__Brunswick_8265
September Song from Kurt Weill's KNICKERBOCKER HOLIDAY - Stephen Bryant
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:09
- Published: 03 Mar 2011
- Uploaded: 30 Jun 2011
- Author: operamission
September Song from Kurt Weill's KNICKERBOCKER HOLIDAY (1938) STEPHEN BRYANT, bass-baritone operamission kurt weill uncovered: in cabaret February 18, 2011 The Gershwin Hotel New York City videographer MAURICIO TREJO - www.mauriciotrejo.com and please visit operamission.org for more information on operamission
http://wn.com/September_Song_from_Kurt_Weill's_KNICKERBOCKER_HOLIDAY__Stephen_Bryant
Teddy Wilson & His Orchestra (w Billie Holiday) - I'll Never Fail You - Brunswick 8265
Harry James, t / Benny Morton, tb / Edgar Sampson, Benny Carter, as / Lester Young, Herschel Evans, ts / Teddy Wilson, p / Albert Casey, g / Walter Page, sb / Joe Jones, d / Billie Holiday, v. New York, 9. November 1938.
http://wn.com/Teddy_Wilson_His_Orchestra_w_Billie_Holiday__I'll_Never_Fail_You__Brunswick_8265
Teddy Wilson & His Orchestra (w Billie Holiday) - They Say - Brunswick 8270
Harry James, t / Benny Morton, tb / Edgar Sampson, Benny Carter, as / Lester Young, Herschel Evans, ts / Teddy Wilson, p / Albert Casey, g / Walter Page, sb / Joe Jones, d / Billie Holiday, v. New York, 9. November 1938.
http://wn.com/Teddy_Wilson_His_Orchestra_w_Billie_Holiday__They_Say__Brunswick_8270
photo: WN / sweet
13 Nov 2011
Saturday Santa is coming to Kansas City Veterinary Care (7240 Wornall Road, KCMO). From 4 to 6:30 p.m., get your pet's holiday photo taken. All proceeds go to Pets for Life, a therapy-pet...
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photo: AP / Kirsty Wigglesworth
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NEW YORK - The tremors from Europe's financial upheaval have reached U.S. shores, rattling consumers and companies. The consequences have been limited so far. Yet the United States and Europe are so...
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| Name | Katharine Hepburn |
|---|---|
| Caption | A promotional shot of Hepburn, c. 1940. |
| Birth date | May 12, 1907 |
| Birth place | Hartford, Connecticut, U.S. |
| Death date | June 29, 2003 |
| Death place | Fenwick, Old Saybrook, Connecticut, U.S. |
| Occupation | Actress |
| Years active | 1928–94 |
| Birth name | |
| Spouse | Ludlow Ogden Smith(1928–34) |
| Partner | Spencer Tracy(1941–67, his death) |
| Religion | Atheist |
Katharine Houghton Hepburn (May 12, 1907June 29, 2003) was an American actress of film, stage, and television. In a career that spanned eight decades of the 20th century, she was known for her headstrong independence and feisty spirit - qualities that she transferred to both dramatic and comedic roles. In 1999, she was ranked by the American Film Institute as the greatest female star in the history of American cinema.
Raised in Connecticut by wealthy, progressive parents, Hepburn turned to acting after graduation from Bryn Mawr College. Favorable reviews of her work on Broadway brought her to the attention of Hollywood. Her feature debut, 1932's A Bill of Divorcement, was a success and turned her into an instant star. Within 18 months, she had won an Academy Award for Morning Glory. This initial success, however, was followed by a series of flops. Her brash personality and unconventional behavior (such as wearing trousers) began to turn audiences away, and in time she was labeled "Box Office Poison". Hepburn masterminded her own comeback, buying the film rights to The Philadelphia Story and only selling them on the condition that she be the star. The movie was a huge hit, and Hepburn would be in high demand from then on. Alongside her movie career, she regularly appeared on the stage, including numerous Shakespeare performances and a starring role in a Broadway musical. She maintained an active career into old age, making her final movie appearance in 1994.
Throughout her career, Hepburn co-starred with screen legends such as Cary Grant, James Stewart, Humphrey Bogart, John Wayne, Laurence Olivier and Henry Fonda. Her most famous pairing was with Spencer Tracy, with whom she made nine pictures over a 25 year period and had an enduring love affair.
Hepburn won more Academy Awards than any other actor or actress, with four wins out of 12 nominations. She also won an Emmy Award, two BAFTAs, a Cannes Film Festival Award and a Lifetime Achievement Award from the Screen Actors Guild.
Early life and background
Katharine Hepburn was born in Hartford, Connecticut, the daughter of suffragette Katharine Martha Houghton (1878–1951), and Dr. Thomas Norval Hepburn (1879–1962), a successful urologist and surgeon from Virginia. The second of six children, her siblings were Thomas Houghton Hepburn (1905–21), Richard Houghton Hepburn (1911–2000), Robert Houghton Hepburn (1913–2007), Marion Houghton Hepburn Grant (1918–86), and Margaret Houghton Hepburn Perry (1920–2006). Hepburn's genealogy has been traced through the Whittier line back to King Louis IX of France. She is also listed as a descendant of the Mayflower compact author William Brewster. In 1910, the Hepburn family lived at 133 Hawthorne Street in Hartford. Eight years later, they moved to 352 Laurel Street, also in Hartford. By the time of Marion's birth, the family had moved to a large eight bedroom house at 201 Bloomfield Avenue in West Hartford.Hepburn idolized her parents enormously, describing them as "perfect parents", and often credited them with giving her the belief and conditions with which she was able to make herself a success. Her mother was an active feminist, who taught the young Katharine never to give in, to be independent and fight for your future, and that women were equal to men. As a child, Hepburn joined her mother - the head of the Connecticut Woman Suffrage Association - on several 'Votes For Women' demonstrations. Her father, meanwhile, was pivotal in establishing the New England Social Hygiene Association, which aimed to educate the public about venereal disease. Hepburn realized from a young age that she was the product of "two very remarkable parents", and never forgot her luck at "being born out of love and to live in an atmosphere of warmth and interest." She was close with her siblings her whole life, and said "I could not have been me without them."
The young Hepburn was a tomboy, who would shave her head and call herself Jimmy, and got a thrill out of breaking into people's houses. Her father was a very good athlete, and taught and encouraged the children to swim, dive, ride, wrestle, learn gymnastics and play golf and tennis. Golf became a passion - she took daily lessons, could hit the ball a mile and score in the low eighties, and reached the semifinal of the Connecticut Young Women's Golf Championship. Hepburn loved swimming, and took daily dips in the cold waters that fronted her bayfront Connecticut home, generally believing that "the bitterer the medicine, the better it was for you." She was a fan of movies from a young age, and would go to the movies every Saturday night.
On April 3, 1921, while visiting friends in Greenwich Village, Hepburn found her "adored" older brother Tom dead from an apparent suicide. According to the coroner's report, Tom tied one end of a sheet around his neck, the other to a post, and effectively strangled himself. The Hepburn family denied it was suicide and insisted Tom's death must have been an experiment that had gone wrong. Profoundly effected by this, Hepburn shied away from other children, dropped out of Oxford School (now Kingswood-Oxford School), and began receiving private tutoring. For many years, she used Tom's birthday (November 8) as her own. It was not until her 1991 autobiography, Me: Stories of My Life, that Hepburn revealed her true birth date of May 12, 1907.
Hepburn gained a place at Bryn Mawr College, her mother's alma mater. It was the first time she had been in school for several years, and she was self-conscious and uncomfortable with her classmates. She would purposely wake up early to avoid them and never went to the dinner hall. By her second year she had formed a group of friends, and gained in confidence. Hepburn was drawn to acting but roles in plays were conditional on good grades. After initial struggles with her studies, she achieved her goals. She began acting, appearing in The Truth about Blayds, The Cradle Song and the starring role in a big production of The Woman in the Moon. She was once suspended for breaking curfew and smoking in her room. Decades later, Hepburn also confirmed that she would sometimes swim naked in the college's fountain after dark. She received a degree in history and philosophy in 1928, the same year she made her debut on Broadway.
Career
Broadway (1928 - 1932)
Hepburn left Bryn Mawr filled with ambition, determined to become an actress. A friend put her in touch with Edwin Knopf, who ran a successful theatre company in Baltimore. She went to see Knopf in person, taking her father's advice that 'if you want to get something - don't write, don't telephone, be there yourself'. Following an audition, Hepburn was cast in The Czarina with Mary Boland. She was touched when a fellow cast member allowed her to have the best costume, believing Hepburn deserved it because she was going to be a big star, and never forgot this act of kindness. Hepburn received good notices for her small role, with the Printed Word describing her as "arresting." She was given a part in the next week's show, The Torch Bearers, but here Hepburn was less accomplished. She struggled to control her voice, which would get high-pitched when she was nervous. She left Baltimore after only two weeks to study voice with Frances Robinson-Duff in New York City.The Knopf Stock Company decided to try a New York production of The Big Pond, with Kenneth MacKenna, and called for Hepburn to be the understudy to the leading lady. She had only been in the theatre for four weeks. One night during rehearsals, she was asked to read a scene. The leading lady was fired and replaced with Hepburn. On opening night, the terrified Hepburn turned up late and spoke her lines too high and fast to be comprehensible. She was promptly fired, and the original leading lady rehired. Undeterred, Hepburn joined forces with producer Arthur Hopkins, and accepted the role of a schoolgirl in These Days. The play opened in New Haven, then moved to the Cort Theatre on Broadway. Hepburn was praised, but reviews for the show were poor and it quickly closed. Within days, Hopkins hired Hepburn as the understudy to Hope Williams in Philip Barry's play Holiday. It was a big New York hit. After only two weeks, Hepburn quit to be married, with the plan of leaving the theatre behind. It took a very short time for her to miss the work, however, and she was quickly back in the role which she held for six months.
In 1929, Hepburn turned down a role in Meteor with the Theatre Guild to play the lead in Death Takes a Holiday. She felt the role was perfect and could not resist it. But she was again fired for problems with her voice. Hepburn went straight back to the Guild and took an understudy role for minimum pay in A Month in the Country. In the spring of 1930, Hepburn went to Stockbridge, Massachusetts and joined the Alexander Kirkland & Strickland Company. The first play with the company was The Admirable Chrichton, then The Romantic Young Lady. She soon returned to New York to continue studying with Duff to improve her voice. In early 1931, she was cast in Art and Mrs. Bottle. After being released from the role and then rehired, Hepburn was a hit with both the audiences and critics.
Hepburn appeared in a number of plays with a stock company in Ivoryton, Connecticut, including The Man Who Came Back and The Cat and the Canary. During the summer of 1931, she was requested by Philip Barry to appear in his new play, The Animal Kingdom, alongside Leslie Howard. They began rehearsals in November, with Hepburn sure this was the role to make her a star. But Howard took a disliking to her, and Hepburn was again released. When asking Barry why this was, he responded, "Well, to be brutally frank, you weren't very good." This threw the self-assured Hepburn, but she continued to look for work. She accepted a small role in Alice Sit-by-the-Fire, with Laurette Taylor, but as rehearsals began she received an offer to read for a Broadway version of The Warrior's Husband. She got the part.
The Warrior's Husband proved to be Hepburn's break-out role. The play was a greek fable about the love affair between Antiope and Theseus, with Hepburn playing the lead. It opened in March 1932 at the Morosco Theatre, New York. Hepburn's entrance was down a narrow stairway with a stag over her shoulder, wearing a very short silver tunic. The show ran for three months, and Hepburn received excellent reviews.
Hollywood (1932 - 1938)
(1932).]] A scout for Leland Hayward spotted Hepburn's appearance in The Warrior's Husband, and asked her to test for the part of Sydney Fairfield in the upcoming RKO film A Bill of Divorcement. Hepburn was unhappy with her test scene, and sent material from her performance in Holiday instead. She also did a test for Paramount. Knowing that she was popular, Hepburn demanded $1,500 per week for film work (at the time she was earning $75 per week). This was a huge amount for a first role, but after seeing her screen test director George Cukor became convinced that Hepburn was perfect for the role of Sydney and encouraged the studio to accept her demands. They signed Hepburn to a temporary contract with a three week guarantee. Hepburn arrived in California on July 4th, 1932. She starred in the film alongside noted actors John Barrymore and Billie Burke. At 5 feet, 7 inches (1.71 m), she was one of the tallest leading ladies of the day. George Cukor became a lifetime friend and colleague: they would make a total of 11 films together.The reception for A Bill of Divorcement was overwhelmingly positive, and Hepburn received rave reviews. The New York Times described her performance as "exceptionally fine...Miss Hepburn's characterization is one of the finest seen on the screen". Variety wrote, "Standout here is the smash impression made by Katharine Hepburn in her first picture assignment. She has a vital something that sets her apart from the picture galaxy." RKO signed Hepburn to a contract. Her second film was Christopher Strong (1933), the story of an aviatrix and her affair with a married man. The picture was not very successful. But for her next feature, Morning Glory (1933), Hepburn won an Academy Award. The role was aspiring actress Eva Lovelace, with whom Hepburn identified personally. She had seen the script on the desk of producer Pandro Berman and insisted she play the part. That same year, Hepburn played Jo in the screen adaptation of Little Women (1933). It broke theatre attendance records during its first week, and Hepburn won the Best Actress award at the Venice Film Festival. The film was one of Hepburn's personal favorites.
The start to Hepburn's movie career had been an enormous success. One journalist predicted that "Someday...Katharine Hepburn will be our greatest actress." Intoxicated by this success, Hepburn - who had insisted on a theatre clause in her contract - wanted to return to the stage. Her old friend Jed Harris, one of the most successful theatre producers of the 1920s, asked her to appear in The Lake. Hepburn agreed, thinking she would be doing Harris a favor. The play opened in Washington. Harris' poor direction had eroded Hepburn's confidence, and she struggled with the performance. Nevertheless, Harris moved the play to New York without further rehearsal. The play was a disaster, and Hepburn was roasted by the critics. Dorothy Parker quipped, "Go to the Martin Beck Theatre and see Katharine Hepburn run the gamut of emotions from A to B." The actress had already signed a ten week contract, and had to endure the embarrassment of rapidly declining box office sales. She worked to improve the performance, but when Jed Harris decided to take the show to Chicago, Hepburn refused to let it happen. She paid Harris every penny she had in the bank, $13,675, to close the production instead. Hepburn later claimed this experience was important in teaching her to take responsibility for her career.
Back in Hollywood, Hepburn struggled to find memorable roles. Spitfire (1934), The Little Minister (1934) and Break of Hearts (1935) made little impact. She had one success in 1935 with Alice Adams, the story of a girl's desperation to climb the social ladder. It was directed by George Stephens, and gave Hepburn her second Oscar nomination. But this was followed by four more forgettable pictures. Sylvia Scarlett (1935) was her first pairing with Cary Grant. Hepburn's character pretended to be a boy in the movie, and Hepburn cut her hair short for the role. It flopped at the box office. She played Mary Stuart in John Ford's Mary of Scotland (1936), but the project was also a failure. A Woman Rebels (1936) and Quality Street (1937) both had a period setting, and neither was a hit.
From December 1936 to April 1937, Hepburn toured in a theatrical adaptation of Jane Eyre, playing the title role. Around this time, Hepburn vied for the role of Scarlett O'Hara in Gone With The Wind, but was deemed inappropriate for the part by RKO producer Pandro S. Berman.
Alongside a series of unpopular films, problems arose from Hepburn's attitude. Her non-conformist, anti-Hollywood behavior off screen put her at odds with studio executives. During a time when studios managed every aspect of a star's career, Hepburn's self-possession was viewed as a liability. The public also found her difficult to digest: outspoken and intellectual with an acerbic tongue, she defied the era's conventions, preferring to wear pantsuits and minimal makeup. She had a famously difficult relationship with the press, turning down most interviews, and denied requests for autographs. On movie sets, she was eager to learn the technicalities of the business, and befriended crew members. Even so, her refusal to sign autographs and answer personal questions earned her the nickname "Katharine of Arrogance" (an allusion to Catherine of Aragon). Towards the end of the decade, even the release of critically praised movies failed to bring audiences.
in the screwball comedy Bringing Up Baby (1938).]]Stage Door (1937) paired Hepburn with Ginger Rogers, and she was praised for a role that held parallels to her own life. Next came the screwball comedy Bringing Up Baby (1938), co-starring Cary Grant and directed by Howard Hawks. It was popular with critics, and Hepburn was praised for her comedic talents, but it did not do well at the box office. It was the last picture Hepburn did at RKO. By this point she had been voted "box office poison" in a poll taken by movie theatre owners. RKO, who were anxious to be rid of her, offered Hepburn a role in the film Mother Carey's Chickens. She turned it down, knowing it would be a horrible role, and instead opted to buy herself out of her contract for $75,000. She signed on to do Holiday (1938) with Columbia Pictures, another comedy with Grant. It was also well received by critics, but it was too late to compensate for the previous flops and overcome the negative publicity. The next script Hepburn received, from Paramount, offered a salary of only $10,000 (down from $150,000 for Holiday).
Revival (1938 - 1951)
in The Philadelphia Story (1940), the film that regenerated Hepburn's career.]]Hepburn decided she needed to create her own comeback vehicle. She asked friend Philip Barry, soon after she had starred in the film version of his play Holiday, to write a play especially for her. The result was The Philadelphia Story. The play opened in New York in 1938 and was an instant hit, running for 417 performances. Hepburn invested financially in the play and, with the help of ex-lover Howard Hughes, acquired the film rights and sold them to MGM, ensuring that she be the star. As part of the deal she also received the director of her choice, George Cukor, but the co-stars she wanted, Clark Gable and Spencer Tracy, were both unavailable. Louis B. Mayer promised her James Stewart and $150,000 "for anyone else you want or can get." Katharine chose her friend and previous co-star, Cary Grant. The resulting film was one of the biggest hits of 1940, breaking all records at the Radio City Music Hall. For her role as spoiled but misunderstood socialite Tracy Lord, Hepburn was nominated for her third Academy Award for Best Actress and won the New York Film Critics award. Her career was revived almost overnight.Hepburn's was also responsible for the development of her next project, the romantic comedy Woman of the Year (1942). The idea for the film was proposed to her by friend Garson Kanin. Hepburn then passed the outline on to Joseph L. Mankiewicz at MGM and said the price was $250,000 (half for her, half for the script). He liked it and agreed to produce the movie. Hepburn contributed significantly to the script - reading it, suggesting cuts and word changes, and generally providing helpful enthusiasm for the project. Per Hepburn's request, Spencer Tracy was cast as her co-star and George Stephens directed. In preparation, Tracy and Hepburn studied each other's films extensively. Tracy was initially wary of Katharine, thinking she had dirty fingernails and was probably a lesbian. But the pair soon established a connection, and would go on to make a further eight films together. Woman of the Year was another success for Hepburn, and she received her fourth Academy Award nomination for playing independent career-woman Tess Harding. The film set the template for the 'battle of the sexes' theme that ran through much of the Tracy-Hepburn oeuvre. Forty years later it was turned into a successful musical starring Hepburn's friend Lauren Bacall.
In 1942, Hepburn returned to Broadway to appear in another Philip Barry play, Without Love. Her next film was another with Tracy. The success of Woman of the Year meant MGM was eager to produce a new movie with the duo, but Keeper of the Flame (1942) was of stark contrast to the previous hit. A dark mystery with a propaganda message about the dangers of fascism, it had none of the comedy and little of the romance of Woman of the Year. It was unpopular, with Time Magazine calling it "a significant failure". The only appearance Hepburn made in 1943 was a cameo appearance in the musical Stage Door Canteen, playing herself.
Hepburn struggled to find a hit for the next few years, appearing in a series of unremarkable films. She played a Chinese peasant in the drama Dragon Seed (1944), which was met with a tepid response. She then reunited with Tracy for the film version of Without Love (1945), which failed to make an impact at the box office. Undercurrent (1946), a film noir with Robert Taylor and Robert Mitchum, then followed. In 1947 she portrayed pianist Clara Wieck Schumann in Song of Love. There were two more pictures with Tracy in 1947 and 1948, The Sea of Grass, a period drama set in the American Old West, and Frank Capra's political drama State of the Union.
(1949).]]The subsequent pictures with Tracy had failed to repeat the success of Woman of the Year. But the 1949 film Adam's Rib, their sixth pairing, was a return to similar territory. Another 'battle of the sexes' comedy, it was written specifically for the duo, by close friends Garson Kanin and Ruth Gordon, and Hepburn described it as "perfect for [Tracy] and me". Hepburn had seen Judy Holliday in Kanin's Broadway show of Born Yesterday, and felt she would be perfect in the film. She encouraged Holliday to sign on for the part, which kickstarted her Hollywood career. Adam's Rib turned out to be a big hit. Critic Bosley Crowther was full of praise for the film, and noted Tracy and Hepburn's "perfect compatibility".
The following year, Hepburn made her first venture into Shakespeare, playing Rosalind in As You Like It. The production began at the Cort Theatre in New York, where it was virtually sold out for 148 performances, and then toured the United States.
In 1950, Hepburn filmed The African Queen, her first technicolor movie. The role was Rose Sayer, a prim spinster missionary in Africa (around the time of World War I), who convinces Humphrey Bogart's character, a hard-drinking riverboat captain, to use his boat to destroy a German ship. The African Queen was shot mostly on location in the Congo, where almost all the cast and crew suffered from malaria and dysentery, except director John Huston and Bogart, neither of whom ever drank any water. Hepburn disapproved of the two men's heavy alcohol consumption and drank nothing but water to spite them. She became so sick with dysentery that, even months after she returned home, the actress was still ill. The film was released in 1951 to great acclaim, and gave Hepburn her fifth Best Actress nomination. She lost to Vivien Leigh for A Streetcar Named Desire. The trip was so significant to Hepburn that later in life she wrote a book about it: The Making of The African Queen: Or, How I Went to Africa With Bogart, Bacall and Huston and Almost Lost My Mind, which made her a best-selling author at the age of 77.
Mid career (1952 - 1968)
Hepburn's next project after The African Queen was the sports comedy Pat and Mike (1952). It was the second film written specifically as a Tracy-Hepburn vehicle by the husband and wife team of Garson Kanin and Ruth Gordon. It occurred to Kanin, a close friend of the couple, that Hepburn's audience were missing an important aspect of her personality - her athleticism. Thus the character of Pat Pemberton was written - a talented sports woman who is coached by hard-boiled promoter Mike Conovan (Tracy). Hepburn performed all the sports footage in the film herself, and was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy. The same year, she appeared in London's West End in George Bernard Shaw's The Millionairess. She was an enormous success. The production moved to New York for a further ten weeks, and the Shubert Theatre sold out for the whole run. Hepburn would later try hard to get the play adapted into a film, to be written and directed by Preston Sturges, but the project was turned down.in David Lean's Summertime (1955).]]In 1955, Hepburn toured Australia for six months with the Old Vic theatre company. She played Portia in The Merchant of Venice, Katherina in The Taming of the Shrew and Isabella in Measure for Measure. It was a great success. The same year, Hepburn starred in David Lean's romantic drama Summertime. It was loosely based on the play The Time of the Cuckoo by Arthur Laurents, and was filmed entirely on location in Venice. Hepburn played a lonely spinster who has a love affair with Rossano Brazzi. She described it as "a very emotional part", and found it fascinating to work with Lean. Hepburn performed the stunt where she falls into a canal herself, and developed a chronic eye infection as a result. The performance earned her another Academy Award nomination, and is regarded as some of her finest work. David Lean later said it was his personal favorite of the films he made.
Hepburn received an Academy Award nomination for the second year running, again for playing a lonely women empowered by a love affair, for her work opposite Burt Lancaster in The Rainmaker (1956). Less success that year came from The Iron Petticoat (1956), a reworking of the classic comedy Ninotchka, with Bob Hope. The film was poorly received and has been called Hepburn's worst performance. In 1957 she returned to Shakespeare. Appearing in Stratford, Connecticut at the American Shakespeare Theatre, she repeated her Portia in The Merchant of Venice and played Beatrice in Much Ado About Nothing.
For her next two films, the theme of playing spinsters - which had proven successful for Hepburn - continued. First in Desk Set (1957), an office-based comedy with Spencer Tracy, and then in an adaptation of Tennessee Williams' Suddenly, Last Summer (1959) with Elizabeth Taylor and Montgomery Clift. The movie was filmed in London, and Hepburn clashed with director Joseph L. Mankiewicz during filming over his treatment of Clift. The actor was in poor shape, and Mankiewicz wanted to replace him until Hepburn stepped in to defend the star. On the last day of filming, when everything was complete, Hepburn spat at Mankiewicz and producer Sam Spiegel to show her disgust at their behavior. Her work as Violet Venable gave Hepburn her eighth Oscar nomination. Williams was extremely pleased with the performance, and later wrote, "Kate is a playwright's dream actress. She makes dialogue sound better than it is by a matchless beauty and clarity of diction, and by a fineness of intelligence and sensibility that illuminates every shade of meaning in every line she speaks." He wrote The Night of the Iguana (1961) with Hepburn in mind, but the actress - although flattered - felt the play was wrong for her and declined the part (which went to Bette Davis).
Hepburn reappeared in Stratford in 1960 to play Viola in Twelfth Night and Cleopatra in Antony and Cleopatra (with Robert Ryan playing Antony). Theatre enthusiast Garson Kanin believed she was one of the few actresses to succeed completely as Cleopatra. Hepburn herself was proud of the role. Her repertoire was further improved when she appeared in Sidney Lumet's film version of Eugene O'Neill's Long Day's Journey Into Night (1962). It was a low-budget production, and Hepburn appeared in the film for a tenth of her established salary. The complex role of morphine addicted Mary Tyrone earned Hepburn an Oscar nomination and a Best Actress award at Cannes Film Festival.
in The Lion in Winter (1968).]]At this point, Hepburn took a break in her career to care for the sickly Spencer Tracy. She would not appear in a film again until 1967's Guess Who's Coming To Dinner. It was a triumphant return for Hepburn, as she received her second Academy Award for Best Actress, 34 years after winning her first. The film dealt with the controversial subject of interracial marriage, with Hepburn's niece, Katharine Houghton, playing her daughter who wants to marry Sydney Poitier. It was the final Tracy-Hepburn outing: Tracy died just three weeks after completion.
Hepburn's next role was Eleanor of Aquitaine in The Lion In Winter (1968). She read extensively in preparation for the role, where she starred opposite Peter O'Toole. It was filmed in Montmajour Abbey, the south of France, which Hepburn enjoyed immensely. For the second year running, Hepburn won an Academy Award for Best Actress (tied with Barbra Streisand for Funny Girl). The following year, she starred in the Broadway musical Coco, about the life of Coco Chanel. Reviews for the production were mediocre, but Hepburn herself was praised and the show was popular with the public. Hepburn would typically receive a standing ovation at the end of the night, and the show's run was twice extended. Hepburn received a Tony Award nomination for Best Actress in a Musical, losing to close friend Lauren Bacall.
Late career (1969 - 1994)
Hepburn's next film role was in The Madwomen of Chaillot (1969), a flop, followed by a film version of Euripides' The Trojan Women (1971). This was also unsuccessful at the box office, but did win Hepburn an award for Best Actress from the Kansas City Film Critics Circle Awards. Next was an adaptation of Edward Albee's A Delicate Balance (1973), directed by Tony Richardson. Hepburn then ventured into television for the first time, appearing in a TV Movie of The Glass Menagerie (1973) and Love Among the Ruins (1975), a London-based period drama with Laurence Olivier, for which she won an Emmy Award. In 1975, Hepburn starred with John Wayne in the Western Rooster Cogburn, a sequel to his Oscar-winning film True Grit. Hepburn's role was very similar to that which she had played in The African Queen - a deeply religious spinster who teams up with a masculine loner to avenge a family member's death. The movie received mediocre reviews.in On Golden Pond (1981), Hepburn won a record-breaking fourth Oscar.]]In 1976, Hepburn returned to the stage for A Matter of Gravity. Her next film role came in 1978, when starred in the adventure comedy Olly Olly Oxen Free. It was one of the least successful films of Hepburn's career. The TV Movie The Corn Is Green (1979) followed, which was filmed in Wales. It was Hepburn's last of 11 films she made with George Cukor, and gained her an Emmy nomination. Her next feature paired her with Henry Fonda to play an elderly couple in On Golden Pond (1981). It was a big success, and won Hepburn a record-winning fourth Oscar at the age of 74. The same year she also received a Tony Award nomination for her work on The West Side Waltz.
[[File:Katharine Hepburn in Love Affair.jpg|thumb|Katharine Hepburn's final movie appearance, ''[[Love Affair (1994 film)|Love Affair]] (1994).]]Hepburn remained active into her eighties, despite having a very visible essential tremor. She starred in the dark comedy Grace Quigley (1984), about an elderly women who begins blackmailing a hitman. In 1985, Hepburn presented a documentary about the life and career of Spencer Tracy. The majority of Hepburn's roles from this point were in TV movies. Mrs Delafield Wants To Marry (1986) had her playing an upperclass window who falls in love with a Jewish man, despite objection from her children. She received an Emmy nomination for her work. Laura Lansing Slept Here (1987) was a comedy about a famous author challenged to live with a 'normal family' for one week. In 1991 she released her autobiography, Me: Stories of my Life, which was a best seller. A Golden Globe nomination came for The Man Upstairs (1992) with Ryan O'Neal. She worked opposite Anthony Quinn in This Can't Be Love, (1994) which was largely based on Hepburn's own life, with numerous references to her personality and career. Her next TV movie - and the final role she ever filmed - was One Christmas'' (1994), based on a short story by Truman Capote. Hepburn received a Screen Actors Guild Award nomination.
Hepburn's final appearance in a theatrically-released film was 1994's Love Affair where, at 87 years old, she played a small role alongside Annette Benning and Warren Beatty. Roger Ebert noted that it was the first time Hepburn had looked frail, but that the "magnificent spirit" was still there and said her scenes "steal the show".
Personal life
Hepburn married socialite businessman Ludlow Ogden Smith in December, 1928. The couple had met while Hepburn was a student at Bryn Mawr. The relationship was strained, as Hepburn pursued her career on the stage and traveled. The move to Hollywood in 1932 cemented their estrangement, and in 1934, Hepburn travelled to Mexico to get a quick divorce. The couple had no children. Fearing that the Mexican divorce was not legal, Ludlow obtained a second divorce in the United States in 1942 and a few days later he remarried. Hepburn often expressed her gratitude toward Ludlow for his financial and moral support in the early days of her career, and took full blame for the breakdown of their relationship. "Luddy" continued to be a lifelong friend to her and the rest of the Hepburn family. After her marriage, Hepburn had long-term relationships with her agent Leland Hayward and with entrepreneur Howard Hughes..]]It was with Spencer Tracy that Hepburn claimed to find true love, saying in her autobiography: "It was a unique feeling that I had for [Tracy]. I would have done anything for him." Meeting on the set of Woman of the Year, she said she "knew right away that I found him irresistible." The relationship between Hepburn and Tracy was complicated. Although Tracy and his wife had been separated since the 1930s, he continued to think of himself as a family man and neither party ever pursued a divorce. Hepburn did not interfere and never fought for marriage. To avoid controversy, Hepburn and Tracy chose to keep their relationship private. It was often strained by Tracy's alcoholism, and there were periods in the 1950s where they were apart. While filming Plymouth Adventure, Tracy had an affair with his co-star Gene Tierney. Tracy's health declined significantly in the 1960s, and Hepburn took a break in her career, following completion of Long Day's Journey Into Night, to care for him. The couple lived together during this period, and Hepburn was with Tracy when he died on June 10, 1967. Out of consideration for Tracy's family, Hepburn did not attend his funeral. She never watched Guess Who's Coming to Dinner, saying it would be too painful. It was only after Louise Tracy's death, in 1983, that Hepburn began to speak publicly about her feelings for Tracy. In response to the question of why she stayed with him for so long, despite the nature of their relationship, she said "I don't know. I just know I never could have left him."
Regarding religion, Hepburn stated in her 1973 interview with Dick Cavett that although she agreed with Christian principles, and thought highly of Jesus Christ, she did not believe in religion or the afterlife. She told a journalist in October 1991 "I'm an atheist and that's it. I believe there's nothing we can know except that we should be kind to each other and do what we can for other people."
Hepburn was politically liberal. At the height of the pre-McCarthy stages of the post-war Second Red Scare, Hepburn's progressive social views became a target of anti-communist hysteria. Myron Fagan, the right-wing writer, producer and director at the center of Hollywood's anti-communist witch-hunting, denounced Hepburn after she publicly spoke up for members of her industry facing the blacklist of the 1940s. Despite Hepburn's lack of actual membership in, or any formal links to, the American Communist Party, Fagan named Hepburn as an example, making the claim that "Katharine Hepburn's love for Joe Stalin is no secret." Although there was no concrete basis for it, George Orwell listed Hepburn as a crypto-communist, along with 34 others, in a letter to his friend Celia Kirwan on May 2, 1949. Hepburn lent her name to various liberal causes, particularly family planning. In 1985, she received the Humanist Arts Award of the American Humanist Association, presented by her friend Corliss Lamont.
Hepburn's primary hobbies outside acting were sports and painting. Throughout her life she played tennis daily, swam regularly, frequently took long walks, cycled, and at one point was one of the best female golfers in the United States. Even in her eighties she was still playing tennis every day, as seen in her 1991 documentary All About Me. She took up painting in the 1930s, and fully embraced it in the 1960s. Despite being talented, she never sold any of her work. A small bust she made of Spencer Tracy's head was featured in Guess Who's Coming To Dinner.
Hepburn's family beach home, in Old Saybrook, was destroyed in the 1938 New England Hurricane (September 21, 1938). Hepburn, her mother, brother, and servants narrowly escaped before the house was lifted off its foundations and washed away. Her 1932–1933 Best Actress Oscar was lost in the storm but later found intact.
Hepburn was one of only two witnesses (the other being Garson Kanin) to the wedding of Laurence Olivier and Vivien Leigh.
In later years, Hepburn developed essential tremor, a chronic neurological condition that causes involuntary shaking of the head, hands, and feet.
Death and legacy
Katharine Hepburn died on June 29, 2003 at Fenwick, the Hepburn family home in Old Saybrook, Connecticut. She was 96 years old and was buried in Cedar Hill Cemetery, Hartford, in the family plot. Hepburn requested that there be no memorial service. In honor of her extensive theater work, the lights of Broadway were dimmed for one minute.In 2004, in accordance with Hepburn's wishes, her belongings were put up for auction with Sotheby's in New York. It included personal items, such as a bust of Spencer Tracy she sculpted herself (used as a prop in Guess Who's Coming to Dinner) and her own oil paintings, and a large collection of material relating to her career. The auction garnered $5.8 million, which Hepburn willed mostly to her family and close friends, including television journalist Cynthia McFadden.
Hepburn is considered one of history's most influential and iconic actresses, a 'true Hollywood legend'. She is remembered for her independent and forthright personality, with Turner Classic Movies reflecting on the actress as "arguably the most interesting, difficult, challenging woman in the history of American pictures."
She has been honored in a several ways since her death: A theatre was built in Hepburn's name in Old Saybrook, Connecticut. Hepburn's family beach home had been in the Fenwick section of Old Saybrook, a place that she loved and visited regularly throughout her life. In October 2007, the town received $200,000 from the Connecticut Commission on Culture and Tourism, Historic Restoration Grant for the theatre, totaling $1,000,000 received in grants for the project. During the spring of 2009, the state-of-the-art Katharine Hepburn Cultural Arts Center and Theater was opened. It is fondly known as 'The Kate', which was Hepburn's nickname among friends. On September 8 and 9, 2006, Bryn Mawr College, Hepburn's alma mater, launched the Katharine Houghton Hepburn Center, dedicated to both the actress and her mother. The center challenges women to lead publicly engaged lives and to take on important and timely issues affecting women. The center awards the annual Katharine Hepburn Medal, which 'recognizes women whose lives, work and contributions embody the intelligence, drive and independence of the four-time-Oscar-winning actress'. Previous recipents include Lauren Bacall and Blythe Danner. Hepburn, who resided for decades in a brownstone at 244 East 49th Street in Manhattan, New York City, was posthumously honored by her neighbors in the Turtle Bay area. First, a garden near her home was dedicated in her name in 2004. The garden contains 12 stepping stones (representing her 12 Oscar nominations) each inscribed with quotes. One reads: "I remember when walking as a child, it was not customary to say you were fatigued. It was customary to complete the goal of the expedition." In addition to the garden, the intersection of East 49th Street and 2nd Avenue has been renamed Katharine Hepburn Place (see picture) by the city.
Hepburn was portrayed by Cate Blanchett in Martin Scorsese's 2004 biopic of Howard Hughes, The Aviator. Blanchett won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for her performance, marking the first instance where an Academy Award–winning actress was turned into an Academy Award–winning role.
Hepburn's professional legacy is carried on within her family. Her niece is actress Katharine Houghton, who featured as her daughter in Guess Who's Coming to Dinner. Hepburn's grandniece is actress Schuyler Grant, who appeared with Hepburn in Laura Lansing Slept Here, and had roles in Anne of Green Gables and All My Children.
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Category:1907 births Category:2003 deaths Category:People from Hartford, Connecticut Category:People from Middlesex County, Connecticut Category:American atheists Category:American film actors Category:American memoirists Category:20th-century actors Category:American stage actors Category:American television actors Category:American radio actors Category:BAFTA winners (people) Category:Best Actress Academy Award winners Category:Bryn Mawr College alumni Category:Emmy Award winners Category:Feminist artists Category:Kennedy Center honorees Category:Burials at Cedar Hill Cemetery (Hartford, Connecticut) Category:Actors from Connecticut Category:Connecticut Democrats
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