Name | Philip V |
---|---|
Title | Basileus of Macedon |
Caption | Tetradrachm of Philip V of Macedon. |
Reign | 221 BC – 179 BC |
Native lang1 | Greek |
Native lang1 name1 | Φίλιππος Ε΄ (Philippos V) |
Predecessor | Antigonus III Doson |
Successor | Perseus |
Spouse 1 | Polycratia |
Issue | PerseusApame IVDemetriusPhilippus |
Royal house | Antigonid dynasty |
Father | Demetrius II Aetolicus |
Mother | Phthia |
Birth date | 238 BC |
Birth place | Pella, Macedon |
Death date | 179 BC (aged 59) |
Death place | Amphipolis, Macedon |
Philip V (Greek: Φίλιππος Ε΄) (238 BC – 179 BC) was King of Macedon from 221 BC to 179 BC. Philip's reign was principally marked by an unsuccessful struggle with the emerging power of Rome. Philip was attractive and charismatic as a young man. A dashing and courageous warrior, he was inevitably compared to Alexander the Great and was nicknamed the darling of all Greece (Greek: ἐρώμενος ἐγένετο τῶν Ἑλλήνων).
On his ascent to the throne, Philip quickly showed that while he was young, this did not mean that Macedon was weak. In the first year of his rule, he pushed back the Dardani and other tribes in the north of the country.
After the Peace of Naupactus in 217 BC, Philip V tried to replace Roman influence along the eastern shore of the Adriatic, forming alliances or lending patronage to certain island and coastal provinces such as Lato on Crete. He first tried to invade Illyria from the sea, but with limited success. His first expedition in 216 BC had to be aborted, while he suffered the loss of his whole fleet in a second expedition in 214 BC. A later expedition by land met with greater success when he captured Lissus in 212 BC.
In 215 BC he entered into a treaty with Hannibal, the Carthaginian general then in the middle of an invasion of Roman Italy. Their treaty defined spheres of operation and interest, but achieve little of substance or value for either side. Philip became heavily involved in assisting and protecting his allies from attacks from the Spartans, the Romans and their allies.
Rome's alliance with the Aetolian League in 211 BC effectively neutralised Philip's advantage on land. The intervention of Attalus I of Pergamum on the Roman side further exposed Philip's position in Macedonia.
Philip was able to take advantage of the withdrawal of Attalus from the Greek mainland in 207 BC, along with Roman inactivity and the increasing role of Philopoemen, the strategos of the Achaean League. After sacking Thermum, the religious and political centre of Aetolia, Philip was able to force the Aetolians to accept his terms in 206 BC. The following year he was able to conclude the Peace of Phoenice with Rome and its allies.
In return for his help when Roman forces under Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus and his brother Lucius Cornelius Scipio Asiaticus moved through Macedon and Thrace in 190 BC, the Romans forgave the remaining indemnity that he had to pay and his son Demetrius was freed. Philip then focused on consolidating power within Macedon. He reorganised the country's internal affairs and finances, mines were reopened and a new currency was issued.
He was succeeded by his eldest son Perseus, who ruled as the last king of Macedon.
Category:3rd-century BC births Category:179 BC deaths Category:Macedonian monarchs Category:2nd-century BC rulers Category:3rd-century BC rulers Category:First Macedonian War Category:Second Macedonian War Category:3rd-century BC Macedonians Category:3rd-century BC Greek people Category:2nd-century BC Macedonians Category:2nd-century BC Greek people Category:238 BC births
ar:فيليب الخامس ملك مقدونيا bg:Филип V Македонски ca:Filip V de Macedònia cs:Filip V. Makedonský de:Philipp V. (Makedonien) el:Φίλιππος Ε' της Μακεδονίας es:Filipo V de Macedonia eu:Filipo V.a Mazedoniakoa fr:Philippe V de Macédoine ko:필리포스 5세 it:Filippo V di Macedonia he:פיליפוס החמישי hu:V. Philipposz makedón király mk:Филип V Македонски nl:Philippos V van Macedonië ja:ピリッポス5世 no:Filip V av Makedonia pl:Filip V Antygonida pt:Filipe V da Macedônia ro:Filip al V-lea al Macedoniei ru:Филипп V Македонский sq:Filipi V i Maqedonisë sk:Filip V. (Macedónia) sl:Filip V. Makedonski sr:Филип V sh:Filip V od Makedonije fi:Filippos V sv:Filip V av Makedonien uk:Філіпп V Македонський vi:Philippos V của Macedonia zh:腓力五世 (马其顿)This text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
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