- alkane
- Antiozonant
- beauty
- beeswax
- benzene
- Candle
- candy
- Carl Reichenbach
- cheese
- combustion
- comedogenic
- cosmetics
- Crayola
- Crayon
- diethyl ether
- drywall
- E number
- Edam cheese
- electron affinity
- emollient
- Enthalpy of fusion
- ester
- fertilizers
- Fire breathing
- food additive
- glazing agent
- gram
- histology
- Human feces
- hybrid rocket
- hydrocarbon
- investment casting
- IR spectrum
- Ireland
- Isoalkane
- James Chadwick
- joule
- kelvin
- kerosene
- Latin
- Laxative
- lost wax process
- Lunar Rover
- methane
- microcrystalline wax
- mineral oil
- moisturiser
- NASA
- neutron moderator
- octane
- Oligomer
- Ozone cracking
- Paintballs
- Poi (juggling)
- polyethylene
- reagent
- resistivity
- skateboarding
- ski
- ski wax
- snowboard
- South Africa
- surfing
- surfwax
- T. H. Laby
- thermostat
- toiletries
- United Kingdom
- Vaseline
- wax
The Paraffins
Releases by year: 2010
Album releases
Snout To The Grindstone (Released 2010)
- Untitleable
- Life's Too Beautiful
- Couch Crasher
- Walled City
- People Like You
- Triple Time
- Crestfallen
- Something Good
- Biking Girl
- Burnt Out Boy
- Vampire Hours
- Braving The Winter
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:37
- Published: 03 Dec 2007
- Uploaded: 27 Nov 2011
- Author: 46664dehwa
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:45
- Published: 03 Dec 2007
- Uploaded: 01 Dec 2011
- Author: 46664dehwa
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:38
- Published: 18 Oct 2007
- Uploaded: 02 Dec 2011
- Author: ElectricRivet
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:16
- Published: 03 Dec 2007
- Uploaded: 02 Nov 2011
- Author: 46664dehwa
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:52
- Published: 07 Jul 2009
- Uploaded: 19 Nov 2011
- Author: 8004142434
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:56
- Published: 08 Jun 2007
- Uploaded: 04 Nov 2011
- Author: massagenerd
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 0:53
- Published: 02 Jun 2007
- Uploaded: 29 Apr 2011
- Author: randomname14
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:09
- Published: 20 Jun 2010
- Uploaded: 06 Jul 2011
- Author: TheFaderTeam
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:20
- Published: 07 Jul 2009
- Uploaded: 01 Dec 2011
- Author: 8004142434
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:41
- Published: 18 Mar 2010
- Uploaded: 22 Oct 2011
- Author: okmalumkoolkat
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:13
- Published: 29 Apr 2010
- Uploaded: 07 Oct 2011
- Author: UniversalCos
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:32
- Published: 10 Sep 2009
- Uploaded: 30 Sep 2011
- Author: xasdrubalex
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:06
- Published: 25 Mar 2010
- Uploaded: 27 Nov 2011
- Author: candlescience
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:12
- Published: 04 Dec 2007
- Uploaded: 10 Nov 2011
- Author: 46664dehwa
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:31
- Published: 08 Jul 2007
- Uploaded: 28 Nov 2011
- Author: vitaminoid
- alboline
- alkane
- Antiozonant
- beauty
- beeswax
- benzene
- Candle
- candy
- Carl Reichenbach
- cheese
- combustion
- comedogenic
- cosmetics
- Crayola
- Crayon
- diethyl ether
- drywall
- E number
- Edam cheese
- electron affinity
- emollient
- Enthalpy of fusion
- ester
- fertilizers
- Fire breathing
- food additive
- glazing agent
- gram
- histology
- Human feces
- hybrid rocket
- hydrocarbon
- investment casting
- IR spectrum
- Ireland
- Isoalkane
- James Chadwick
- joule
- kelvin
- kerosene
- Latin
- Laxative
- lost wax process
- Lunar Rover
- methane
- microcrystalline wax
- mineral oil
- moisturiser
- NASA
- neutron moderator
- octane
- Oligomer
- Ozone cracking
- Paintballs
- Poi (juggling)
- polyethylene
- reagent
- resistivity
- skateboarding
- ski
size: 5.1Kb
size: 3.3Kb
size: 5.9Kb
size: 17.8Kb
size: 2.9Kb
size: 3.3Kb
The simplest paraffin molecule is that of methane, CH4, a gas at room temperature. Heavier members of the series, such as octane, C8H18, and mineral oil appear as liquids at room temperature. The solid forms of paraffin, called paraffin wax, are from the heaviest molecules from C20H42 to C40H82. Paraffin wax was identified by Carl Reichenbach in 1830.
Paraffin, or paraffin hydrocarbon, is also the technical name for an alkane in general, but in most cases it refers specifically to a linear, or normal alkane — whereas branched, or isoalkanes are also called isoparaffins. It is distinct from the fuel known in the United Kingdom, Ireland and South Africa as paraffin oil or just paraffin, which is called kerosene in most of the U.S., Canada, Australia and New Zealand.
The name is derived from Latin parum ("barely") + affinis, meaning "lacking affinity" or "lacking reactivity" indicating paraffin's unreactive nature )
Paraffin wax
Paraffin wax (or simply "paraffin", but see alternative name for kerosene, above) is mostly found as a white, odorless, tasteless, waxy solid, with a typical melting point between about , and having a density of around 0.9 g/cm3. It is insoluble in water, but soluble in ether, benzene, and certain esters. Paraffin is unaffected by most common chemical reagents, but burns readily.Pure paraffin wax is an excellent electrical insulator, with an electrical resistivity of between 1013 and 1017 ohm metre. This is better than nearly all other materials except some plastics (notably teflon). It is an effective neutron moderator and was used in James Chadwick's 1932 experiments to identify the neutron.
Paraffin wax (C25H52) is an excellent material to store heat, having a specific heat capacity of 2.14–2.9 J g−1 K−1 (joule per gram per kelvin) and a heat of fusion of 200–220 J g−1. This property is exploited in modified drywall for home building material: it is infused in the drywall during manufacture so that, when installed, it melts during the day, absorbing heat, and solidifies again at night, releasing the heat. Paraffin wax phase change cooling coupled with retractable radiators was used to cool the electronics of the Lunar Rover. Wax expands considerably when it melts and this allows its use in thermostats for industrial, domestic and, particularly, automobile purposes.
In industrial applications, it is often useful to modify the crystal properties of the paraffin wax, typically by adding branching to the existing carbon backbone chain. The modification is usually done with additives, such as EVA copolymers, microcrystalline wax, or forms of polyethylene. The branched properties result in a modified paraffin with a higher viscosity, smaller crystalline structure, and modified functional properties. Pure paraffin wax is rarely used for carving original models for casting metal and other materials in the lost wax process, as it is relatively brittle at room temperature and presents the risks of chipping and breakage when worked. Soft and pliable waxes, like beeswax, may be preferred for such sculpture, but "investment casting waxes," often paraffin-based, are expressly formulated for the purpose.
Some basketball players are known to use Paraffin Wax on their hands before big games, so that their hands can be soft for the "catch and shoot".
Mineral oil
Liquid paraffin, or mineral oil, is a mixture of heavier alkanes, and has a number of names, including nujol, adepsine oil, alboline, glymol, medicinal paraffin, or saxol. It has a density of around 0.8 g/cm3. Liquid paraffin (medicinal) is used to aid bowel movement in persons suffering chronic constipation; it passes through the gastrointestinal tract without itself being taken into the body, but it limits the amount of water removed from the stool. In the food industry, where it may be called "wax", it can be used as a lubricant in mechanical mixing, applied to baking tins to ensure that loaves are easily released when cooked and as a coating for fruit or other items requiring a "shiny" appearance for sale.It is often used in infrared spectroscopy, as it has a relatively uncomplicated IR spectrum. When the sample to be tested is made into a mull (a very thick paste), liquid paraffin is added so it can be spread on the transparent (to infrared) mounting plates to be tested.
Mineral oil has also seen widespread use in biotechnology for preventing the evaporation of small volumes of liquid during heating. Polymerase chain reaction samples may need to be overlaid with a layer of mineral oil to prevent evaporation during the high heat (95 °C) required to denature DNA.
Gaseous
Liquids
Paraffin wax
See also
References
Category:Waxes Category:Alkanes Category:Petroleum products Category:Food additives
ar:برافين be:Парафін be-x-old:Парафін bg:Парафин ca:Parafina cs:Parafín cy:Paraffîn da:Paraffin de:Paraffin et:Parafiin es:Parafina eu:Parafina fa:پارافین fr:Paraffine gd:Parabhan gl:Parafina ko:파라핀 hi:पैराफिन hr:Parafin io:Parafino id:Parafin it:Paraffina he:פרפין la:Paraffinum lt:Parafinas hu:Paraffin nl:Paraffine ja:パラフィン pl:Parafina pt:Parafina ro:Parafină ru:Парафин simple:Paraffin fi:Parafiini sv:Paraffin th:พาราฟิน tr:Parafin uk:Парафін ur:نالفین vi:Parafin yi:פאראפין zh:石蜡This text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.