A conurbation is a region comprising a number of cities, large towns, and other urban areas that, through population growth and physical expansion, have merged to form one continuous urban and industrially developed area. In most cases, a conurbation is a polycentric urban agglomeration, in which transportation has developed to link areas to create a single urban labour market or travel to work area.
The term "conurbation" was coined as a neologism in 1915 by Patrick Geddes in his book Cities In Evolution. He drew attention to the ability of the (then) new technology of electric power and motorised transport to allow cities to spread and agglomerate together, and gave as examples "Midlandton" in England, the Ruhr in Germany, Randstad in the Netherlands, New York-Boston in the United States, and the Greater Tokyo Area and Taiheiyō Belt in Japan.
A conurbation can be confused with a metropolitan area. As the term is used in North America, a metropolitan area can be defined by the Census Bureau or it may consist of a central city and its suburbs, while a conurbation consists of adjacent metropolitan areas that are connected with one another by urbanization. Internationally, the term "urban agglomeration" is often used to convey a similar meaning to "conurbation". A conurbation should also be contrasted with a megalopolis, where the urban areas are close but not physically contiguous and where the merging of labour markets has not yet developed.
The National Capital Region (NCR) is made up of the capital, Ottawa, and neighbouring Gatineau which is located across the Ottawa River. As Ottawa is in Ontario and Gatineau, Quebec, this is a unique conurbation. Federal government buildings are located in both cities and many workers live in one city and work in the other. The National Capital Region consists of an area of 5,319 square kilometres that straddles the boundary between the provinces of Ontario and Quebec. The area of the National Capital Region is very similar to that of the Ottawa-Gatineau Census Metropolitan Area (CMA), although the National Capital Region contains a number of small neighbouring communities that are not contained within the CMA. When all the communities are added, the population is around 1,500,000. Ottawa-Gatineau is the only CMA in the nation to fall within two provinces.
British Columbia's Lower Mainland is the most populated area in Western Canada. It consists of many mid sized continuous urban areas, including Vancouver, North Vancouver, Surrey, Burnaby, Richmond, and Coquitlam.
The list below shows the most populous urban areas in the UK as defined by the Office for National Statistics (ONS). The Greater London Urban Area contains the whole of what is commonly called London, but ONS definitions divide London into a large number of smaller localities of which the largest is Croydon.
{|class="wikitable sortable" |- !Rank !Urban Area !Population (2001 Census) !Localities !Area (km²) !Density (People/km²) !Primary Settlement !class="unsortable"|Major localities |- !1 |Greater London Urban Area |8,278,251 |67 |1,623.37 |5,099.4 |London |Croydon, Barnet, Ealing, Bromley |- !2 |West Midlands Urban Area |2,284,093 |22 |599.72 |3,808.6 |Birmingham |Wolverhampton, Dudley, Walsall, Solihull |- !3 |Greater Manchester Urban Area |2,240,230 |57 |556.72 |4,024.0 |Manchester |Salford, Bolton, Stockport, Oldham, Rochdale, Bury |- !4 |West Yorkshire Urban Area |1,499,465 |26 |370.02 |4,052.4 |Leeds |Bradford, Huddersfield, Wakefield, Dewsbury |- !5 |Greater Glasgow |1,199,629 |48 |368.47 |3,171.0 |Glasgow |Paisley, Coatbridge, Clydebank, Bearsden, Milngavie, Motherwell |- !6 |Tyneside Urban Area |879,996 |25 |210.91 |4,172.4 |Newcastle |Gateshead, North Shields, South Shields, Whitley Bay |}
Category:Urban studies and planning terminology Category:Urban sprawl Category:Populated places by type
cs:Souměstí cy:Cytref da:Konurbation de:Konurbation es:Conurbación eo:Kunurbejo fr:Conurbation id:Konurbasi it:Conurbazione he:אגד ערים hu:Konurbáció ms:Bandar gabungan nl:Conurbatie ja:コナベーション no:Konurbasjon pl:Aglomeracja policentryczna pt:Conurbação ru:Конурбация simple:Conurbation sk:Súmestie sr:Konurbacija fi:Konurbaatio uk:Конурбація vi:Chùm đô thịThis text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
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