Official name | Saltillo |
---|---|
Nickname | The Athens of Mexico, The Detroit of Mexico |
Settlement type | |
Map caption | Location of Saltillo within Coahuila |
Pushpin map | Mexico |
Pushpin mapsize | 300 |
Pushpin map caption | Location in Mexico |
Coordinates region | MX |
Subdivision type | Country |
Subdivision name | Mexico |
Subdivision type1 | State |
Subdivision name1 | Coahuila |
Subdivision type2 | Municipality |
Subdivision name2 | Saltillo |
Leader title | Mayor |
Leader name | Jerico Abramo Masso |
Leader title1 | |
Established title | Founded |
Established date | 1577 (Alberto del Canto) |
Established title2 | |
Established title3 | |
Unit pref | |
Area total km2 | |
Area land km2 | |
Population as of | 2005 |
Population total | 648929 |
Population metro | 750000 |
Population blank1 title | Demonym |
Population blank1 | Saltillense |
Timezone | CST |
Utc offset | -6 |
Elevation footnotes | |
Elevation m | 1600 |
Postal code type | Postal code |
Postal code | 25000 |
Area code | 844 |
Website | www.saltillo.gob.mx |
Saltillo () is the capital city of the northeastern Mexican state of Coahuila and the municipal seat of the municipality of the same name. The city is located about 400km south of the U.S. state of Texas, and 90km west of Monterrey, Nuevo León.
As of the 2005 census, Saltillo had a population of 633,667 people, rising to 725,259 if the full Metropolitan Area is considered, making it the 20th biggest metro area in the country. The metro area comprises the municipalities of Saltillo, Ramos Arizpe, and Arteaga. The municipality of Saltillo had a population of 648,929. The Gross Domestic Product per capita in the Metropolitan Zone of Saltillo is $13,936 USD. According to the ranking of the Inversionista magazine of 2006, Saltillo is the best Mexican city to live in, chosen from more than 53 Mexican cities.
In 1824, Saltillo was made the capital of the State of Coahuila and included the area which is now the US State of Texas until the Texas War of Independence and the founding of the independent Texas Republic.
On 23 October 1840 the Battle of Saltillo took place when 110 Texans crossed the Rio Grande and attacked the city, which was defended by 1000 Mexicans. The Texans killed about 400 of them before retreating.
The city is flanked by the Zapalinamé mountains, which are part of the Sierra Madre Oriental. By looking at the relief of the mountains, one can see, according to local legend, the relief of Zapaliname, chieftain of the Huachicil tribe.
During the early 20th Century, Saltillo was called the Athens of Mexico because of its number of famous intellectuals. At that time, Saltillo was inhabited by a large number of ex-patriates from Europe, particularly Great Britain and Ireland. Nowadays, it is considered the Detroit of Mexico because of the importance of its automotive industry, including the huge Chrysler, General Motors, and Delphi plants.
The General Motors plant, the Complejo Industrial Ramos Arizpe (The Ramos Arizpe Industrial Complex) exports vehicles to Japan, Canada, and Central America. In this plant, the following vehicles are assembled: Chevy C2, Monza and Chevrolet Captiva for Mexican and South American markets. Saturn Vue hybrid and HHR are exported to many nations. In addition, 2010 Saab 9-4X and the Cadillac BRX, will be built at the GM plant in Ramos Arizpe.
The Colonial Center of the city is built in pink marble, giving Saltillo's architecture a distinctive flavor. Prominent buildings are the cathedral (built from 1745-1800), the Palacio de Gobierno (state government building), the Ateneo Fuente and the Instituto Tecnológico de Saltillo. The large cathedral is the best example of colonial religious architecture in northeastern Mexico; its facade is mainly Spanish Baroque, with less exuberant areas. The Centro Cultural Vito Alessio Robles (Vito Alessio Cultural Center) is an 18th Century repository of antiquities and documents from historians Vito Alessio Robles and Oscar Davila. The repository is also a temporal museum. The Casa Purcell (Purcell Mannor) is a Victorian style mansion built in the 19th Century by Irish merchant William Purcell. Today it is a cultural center.
The city has two world-class museums. The Museo de las Aves de México (Bird Museum), featuring a collection of bird specimens from all over Mexico in realistic displays. The Museo del Desierto (Desert Museum) focuses on the geography, geology, paleontology (with dinosaur fossils) and biodiversity of the Chihuahuan desert, and the history and culture of the local people through time. It includes a cactus greenhouse and exhibits, with dozens of species.
The Mirador is an amazing place to observe a panaromic view of the city.
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Category:Populated places in Coahuila Category:Mexican state capitals Category:Populated places established in 1577
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