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Mato Grosso Do Sul

Afro-Brazilian
In Brazil, oficially, the term "preto" (black, lowercase) is used to categorize those who self-identify as being so. It is one of the five official classifications used by the Brazilian people to identify themselves, along with, "branco" (White), "pardo" (Multiracial, brown), "amarelo" (yellow, East Asian) and "indígena" (Amerindian). In 2009, 13.252.000, 6,9% of the Brazilian population, self-identified themselves as pretos .
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Asian Brazilian
An Asian Brazilian is a Brazilian-born person of Asian ancestry. Brazil received many immigrants from Asia, both from Middle East and East Asia. The first Asian immigrants to arrive in Brazil were a small number of Chinese people (3,000) during the colonial period. However, significant immigration from Asia to Brazil started in the late 19th century, when immigration from Lebanon and Syria became important.
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German-Brazilian
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Italian Brazilian
An Italian Brazilian (, ) is a person born in Brazil of Italian ancestry.
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Portuguese people
The Portuguese () are an ethnic group or nation native to the country of Portugal, in the west of the Iberian peninsula of south-west Europe. Their language is Portuguese, and Roman Catholicism is the predominant religion.
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soil
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Americas
The Americas, or America, (, , , , , , ) are lands in the Western hemisphere, also known as the New World, comprising the continents of North America and South America with their associated islands and regions. The plural form the Americas is often used in English, as the singular America is ambiguous: America is more commonly used to refer to the United States of America. The Americas cover 8.3% of the Earth's total surface area (28.4% of its land area) and contain about 13.5% of the human population (about 900 million people).
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Bolivia
Bolivia (), officially known as the Plurinational State of Bolivia, (, ) is a landlocked country in central South America. It is bordered by Brazil to the north and east, Paraguay and Argentina to the south, and Chile and Peru to the west.
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Brazil
Brazil (; , ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (, ), is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population. It is the only Portuguese-speaking country in the Americas and the largest lusophone country in the world.
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Campo Grande
Campo Grande (lit. Great Field) is the capital of the state of Mato Grosso do Sul in the Center-West region of Brazil. The city is nicknamed Cidade Morena ("Brown City" in Portuguese) after the reddish-brown colour of the region's soil. It has a population of 755,107, according to a 2009 IBGE estimate.
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cerrado
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Corumbá
:For the mine of the same name and located in the state, see Corumbá (mine).
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Goiás
Goiás () is a state of Brazil, located in the central part of the country. The name Goiás (formerly, Goyaz) comes from the name of an indigenous community. The original word seems to have been guaiá, a compound of gua e iá, meaning "the same person" or "people of the same origin." Neighboring states are (from north clockwise) Tocantins, Bahia, Minas Gerais, the Federal District, Mato Grosso do Sul and Mato Grosso.
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Maceió
Maceió () is the capital and the largest city of the coastal state Alagoas, Brazil.
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Mato Grosso
Mato Grosso ( - lit. "Thick Woods") is one of the states of Brazil, the third largest in area, located in the western part of the country.
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Minas Gerais
Minas Gerais (pronounced ) is one of the 26 states of Brazil, of which it is the second most populous, the second richest, and the fourth largest in area. The capital is the city of Belo Horizonte, located near the central area. The main producer of coffee and milk in the country, Minas Gerais is known for its heritage of architecture and colonial art in historical cities such as Ouro Preto, Diamantina, Tiradentes and Serro. In the south, the tourist points are the hydro mineral spas, such as Caxambu, São Lourenço, São Thomé das Letras, Monte Verde and the national parks of Caparaó and Canastra. The landscape of the State is marked by mountains, valleys, and large areas of fertile lands. In the Serra do Cipó, Sete Lagoas, Cordisburgo and Lagoa Santa, the caves and waterfalls are the attractions. Some of Brazil's most famous caverns are located there.
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Pantanal
The Pantanal is a tropical wetland and the world's largest wetland of any kind. It lies mostly within the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso do Sul but extends into Mato Grosso as well as into portions of Bolivia and Paraguay, sprawling over an area estimated at between and . Various sub-regional ecosystems exist, each with distinct hydrological, geological and ecological characteristics; up to twelve of them have been defined (RADAMBRASIL 1982).
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Paraguay
Paraguay (), officially the Republic of Paraguay (, ; Guaraní: Tetã Paraguái ), is a landlocked country in South America. It is bordered by Argentina to the south and southwest, Brazil to the east and northeast, and Bolivia to the northwest. Paraguay lies on both banks of the Paraguay River, which runs through the center of the country from north to south. Due to its central location in South America, it is sometimes referred to as Corazón de América, or the Heart of America.
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Paraná (state)
Paraná () is one of the states of Brazil, located in the South of the country, bordered on the north by São Paulo state, on the east by the Atlantic Ocean, on the south by Santa Catarina state and the Misiones Province of Argentina, and on the west by Mato Grosso do Sul and the republic of Paraguay, with the Paraná River as its western boundary line. Cut by the Tropic of Capricorn, Paraná has what is left of the araucaria forest, one of the most important subtropical forests of the world. At the border with Argentina is the National Park of Iguaçu, considered by UNESCO as Patrimony of Humanity and the spectacle of the Cataratas do Iguaçu attracts about 700 thousand tourists per year. At only 40 km (24 miles) from there, at the border with Paraguay, the largest dam in the world was built, the Hidroelétrica de Itaipu. The State Park of Vila Velha near the city of Ponta Grossa, is another attraction, with great rocky formations sculpted by the erosion of rain and wind. Curitiba, the capital, is famous for its high quality of life, compared to the Brazilian average, and the Ilha do Mel, next to the historical Paranaguá, is another destination for eco-tourists.
http://wn.com/Paraná_(state)
Ponta Porã
Ponta Porã is a municipality located in the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso do Sul. Its population is 68,317 (2006) and its area is 5,329 km². It has a dry border with the city of Pedro Juan Caballero in Paraguay.
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Southern Brazil
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São Paulo (state)
São Paulo () is a state in Brazil. It is the major industrial and economic powerhouse of the Brazilian economy. Named after Saint Paul, São Paulo has the largest population, industrial park and economic production of the country. It is the second most populous sub-national entity in the Western world. It is the richest state of Brazil. The capital, São Paulo, is also the largest city in South America.
http://wn.com/São_Paulo_(state)
Tropic of Capricorn
The Tropic of Capricorn, or Southern tropic, marks the most southerly latitude at which the sun can appear directly overhead at noon. This event occurs at the December solstice, when the southern hemisphere is tilted towards the sun to its maximum extent.
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Mato Grosso do Sul

Name	State of Mato Grosso do Sul
Native name lang	pt
Settlement type	State
Image shield	Brasão_de_MS.gif
Map caption	Location of State of Mato Grosso do Sul in Brazil
Coordinates type	type:adm1st_region:BR-MS
Coordinates display	inline,title
Coordinates region	BR-MS
Subdivision type	Country
Subdivision name
Seat type	Capital and Largest City
Seat	Campo Grande
Leader title	Governor
Leader name	André Puccinelli
Leader title1	Vice Governor
Leader name1	Murilo Zauith
Unit pref	Metric
Area magnitude	1 E11
Area total km2	357124.962
Area rank	6th
Population total	2,449,341
Population as of	2010 census
Population rank	21st
Population density km2	auto
Population density rank	20th
Population demonym	Sul-mato-grossense or Mato-grossense-do-sul
Demographics type1	GDP
Demographics1 footnotes
Demographics1 title1	Year
Demographics1 info1	2010 estimate
Demographics1 title2	Total
Demographics1 info2	R$ 38.484,74 (17th)
Demographics1 title3	Per capita
Demographics1 info3	R$ 10,599 (11th)
Demographics type2	HDI
Demographics2 footnotes
Demographics2 title1	Year
Demographics2 info1	2005
Demographics2 title2	Category
Demographics2 info2	0.810 – high (8th)
Postal code type	Postal Code
Postal code	79000-000 to 79990-000
Timezone1	BRT-1
Utc offset1	-4
Timezone1 dst	BRST-1
Utc offset1 dst	-3
Iso code
Website	ms.gov.br

Mato Grosso do Sul () is one of the states of Brazil.

Neighboring Brazilian states are (from north clockwise) Mato Grosso, Goiás, Minas Gerais, São Paulo and Paraná. It also borders the countries of Paraguay and Bolivia to the west. The economy of the state is largely based on agriculture and cattle-raising. Bisected in the south by the Tropic of Capricorn, Mato Grosso do Sul generally has a warm and humid climate, and is crossed by numerous affluents of the Parana River.

The state is also famous for its natural beauty and is a major destination for domestic and international tourism. The Pantanal lowlands cover 12 municipalities and presents an enormous variety of flora and fauna, with forests, natural sand banks, savannahs, open pasture, fields and bushes. The city Bonito, in the mountain of Bodoquena, has prehistoric caverns, natural rivers, waterfalls, swimming pools and the Blue Lake cavern.

The name "Mato Grosso do Sul" literally means "Thick Forest of the South" in Portuguese, a name inherited from its northern neighbour state of Mato Grosso, of which it was part until the 1970s. It is not uncommon for people to mistakenly refer to Mato Grosso do Sul as simply "Mato Grosso". Other names that were proposed, at the time of the split and afterwards, include "Pantanal" (a reference to its best known geographical feature) and "Maracaju" (a reference to the Maracaju mountain range that crosses the state from north to south).

Geography

Fazenda scenery.]] in Pantanal.]]

Climate

Mato Grosso do Sul has humid Subtropical and tropical climate. The annual rainfall is 1.500 mm. January is the warmest month, with mean maxima of 34 °C (93.2 °F) and minima of 24 °C (75.2 °F) and more rain; July experiences the coldest temperatures, with mean maxima of 25 °C (77 °F) and minima of 15 °C (59 °F) and sun.

Vegetation

The "cerrado" landscape is characterized by extensive savanna formations crossed by gallery forests and stream valleys. Cerrado includes various types of vegetation. Humid fields and "buriti" palm paths are found where the water table is near the surface. Alpine pastures occur at higher altitudes and mesophytic forests on more fertile soils. The "cerrado" trees have characteristic twisted trunks covered by a thick bark, and leaves which are usually broad and rigid. Many herbaceous plants have extensive roots to store water and nutrients. The plant's thick bark and roots serve as adaptations for the periodic fires which sweep the cerrado landscape. The adaptations protect the plants from destruction and make them capable of sprouting again after the fire.

The state is located in western Brazil, in a region mostly occupied by the inland marshes of the Pantanal. The highest elevation is the 1,065 m high Morro Grande.

History

In 1977, the state was created by dividing the state of Mato Grosso. Its status as a state went into full effect two years later on January 1, 1979.

Demographics

, the capital.]] According to the IBGE of 2008, there were 2,372,000 people residing in the state. The population density was 6.4 hab./km².

Urbanization: 84.7% (2006); Population growth: 1.7% (1991–2000); Houses: 689,000 (2006)

The last PNAD (National Research for Sample of Domiciles) census revealed the following numbers: 1,157,000 White people (51.78%), 1,056,000 Brown (Multiracial) people (44.51%), 122,000 Black people (5.15%), 20,000 Amerindian people (0.84%), 15,000 Asian people (0.64%).

In the Cerrado areas, mostly in the south, central and east, there is a predominance of Southern Brazilian farmers of German, Portuguese and Italian descent.

According to an autosomal DNA study from 2008, the ancestral composition of Mato Grosso do Sul is 90,60% European, 13,90% African and 12,40% Native American.

Economy

The service sector is the largest component of GDP at 46.1%, followed by the industrial sector at 22.7%. Agriculture represents 31.2%, of GDP (2004). Mato Grosso do Sul exports: soybean 34.9%, pork and chicken 20.9%, beef 13.7%, ores 8%, leather 7.4%, timber 5.1% (2002).

Share of the Brazilian economy: 1% (2005).

Interesting facts

Vehicles: 835,259 (June 2009); Mobile phones: 2.407 million (July/2009); Telephones: 471,000 (April 2007); Cities: 78 (2007)

Education

is the most important educational centre of the state.]] Portuguese is the official national language, and thus the primary language taught in schools. But English and Spanish are part of the official high school curriculum.

There are more than 44 universities in whole state of Mato Grosso do Sul.

Educational institutions

Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS) (Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul)

Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul (Uems) (State University of Mato Grosso do Sul)

Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados (UFGD) (Federal University of Dourados Region)

Universidade Católica Dom Bosco (UCDB) (Dom Bosco Catholic University)

Universidade para o Desenvolvimento do Estado e da Região do Pantanal (Uniderp) (University for the Development of the State and Region of the Pantanal)

Culture

.]]

Campo Grande Film Festival

It's a film festival held annually in the months of January and February and has been arranged since 2004. It focuses on the independent cinema presenting Brazilian films and foreign films as well. It also presents regional films and short films. As of 2011 the festival is suspended.

Bonito's Winter Festival

"Festival de Inverno de Bonito" (Bonito Winter Festival) is held every year for a week during July or August, with music performances and ecological videos, theatre, folklore and fine arts exhibitions.

Pantanal Micareta

Aquidauana's biggest event is the Pantanal Micareta, which attracts thousands of tourists to Dr. Sabino Avenue, annually.

Tourism and recreation

of Silver) in Jardim.]] in Bonito.]] in Pantanal.]]

Bonito

The great concentration of lime in the soil around the area where Bonito is located is responsible for the transparency of the waters and for the existence of a wide variety of geological formations. The best way to appreciate the local natural features is by going on an adventure tour. The most popular activities include diving in caverns, observing the underwater fauna and walking along trails in the forest. Places like Gruta Lago Azul (Blue Lake Cave) and the Fazenda Estancia Mimosa, Aquario Natural (Natural Aquarium), and the rivers Sucuri, Prata, and Formoso, are the most popular.

South Pantanal

The Pantanal is an ecological paradise right in the heart of Brazil. It is the largest flooded lowland on the planet and the third largest environmental reserve in the world. Its ecological importance is immense, since it is home to one of the richest ecosystems ever found to date, with periodically flooded seasonal forests. It displays the largest concentration of neo-tropical fauna, including several endangered species – mammals, reptiles and fish – and it also serves as habitat for an enormous variety of native birds, as well as those migrating from other areas in the Americas. The Pantanal is one of the best places in Brazil for flora and fauna observation and for fishing – permitted only between March and October – due to its abundance of animals. It has a total area of 230,000 square kilometres, covering 12 townships in the States of Mato Grosso and Mato Grosso do Sul. To the North, there are the Paracis, Azul and Roncador mountains. To the East, the Maracaju Mountain Range. To the South, the Dodoquena Mountain Range. And, to the West, the Paraguayan and Bolivian swamps. The Pantanal is so diverse that researchers subdivided it in sub-regions. Each "Pantanal" – North and South – has its own natural features, activities and ideal period for visitation.

Infrastructure

International Airports

Campo Grande - The operation of Campo Grande International Airport is shared with the Campo Grande Air Base. The airport has two runways. Construction of the main runway, made of concrete, began in 1950 and was finished in 1953. The passenger terminal was concluded in 1964, and in 1967 concrete aprons were built for both military and civilian aircraft. As commercial aviation demand grew, it became necessary to widen the civil aircraft apron, which was completed 12 years after its construction. The airport has been administered by Infraero since 1975.

Corumbá - Corumbá International Airport, located just 3 km (1.86 mi) from the city center, was opened on September 21, 1960, the city's anniversary. Built on a land plot of 290 hectares and at an elevation of 140 meters above sea, it has an asphalt runway measuring 1660 x 30 meters, with one of its thresholds reinforced with concrete for an additional 60 meters. Corumbá International Airport has been administered by Infraero since February 1975.

Ponta Porã - Ponta Porã International Airport is also administered by Infraero.

Other airports

Dourados Regional Airport

Bonito Airport

Highways

BR-060;

BR-158;

BR-163;

BR-267;

BR-262;

BR-359;

BR-454;

BR-419;

BR-487.

Sports

Campo Grande was one of the 18 candidates to host games of the 2014 FIFA World Cup which will take place in Brazil. It did not make to the final list, being one of the 5 cities left off. Maceió gave up its bid before the end of the process.

Flag

Mato Grosso do Sul's flag was designed by Mauro Michael Munhoz. A white stripe divides an upper left green corner from a bottom right blue space with a yellow star. White symbolizes hope, green is an allusion to the state's rich flora, blue represents its vast sky, while the yellow star adds balance, force and serenity.

References

External links

Official Website Brazilian Embassy in London

Category:Mato Grosso do Sul Category:States of Brazil Category:States and territories established in 1979

This text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.

Mato Grosso do Sul

Geography

Climate

Vegetation

History

Demographics

Economy

Interesting facts

Education

Educational institutions

Culture

Campo Grande Film Festival

Bonito's Winter Festival

Pantanal Micareta

Tourism and recreation

Bonito

South Pantanal

Infrastructure

International Airports

Other airports

Highways

Sports

Flag

References

See also

External links