Salman bin Abdulaziz
Prince Salman at the Pentagon (April 2012)
Minister of Defense
In office	Since November 5, 2011
Predecessor	Sultan bin Abdul Aziz
Governor of Riyadh Province
In office	February 4, 1963 - November 5, 2011
Predecessor	Badr bin Saud bin Abdulaziz
Successor	Sattam bin Abdulaziz
Full name
Salman bin Abdulaziz al Saud
House	House of Saud
Father	King Abdulaziz
Mother	Hassa bint Ahmad al Sudairi
Born	(1935-12-31) December 31, 1935 (age 76)
Religion	Islam

Salman bin Abdulaziz (Arabic: سلمان بن عبد العزيز آل سعود‎) is Minister of Defense of Saudi Arabia since November 5, 2011 and a senior member of House of Saud.

Early life[link]

Prince Salman was born on December 31, 1935. He is reported to be the 25th son of King Abdulaziz. ^[1] His mother is Hassa al Sudairi. Therefore, Salman bin Abdulaziz is a member of the Sudairi Seven.

Education[link]

Salman bin Abdulaziz received his early education in the princes school in Riyadh which was established by King Abdulaziz to provide education to his children.^[2]

Early experience[link]

Prince Salman's experience as governor of Riyadh Province dates back to 1950's before he began his long-term service in this post. King Abdulaziz appointed Prince Salman as his representative and the Emir of Riyadh on March 17, 1954, when Salman bin Abdulaziz was nineteen years old. Later, he was appointed by King Saud as governor of Riyadh Region at the rank of minister on April 19, 1955.^[3] He resigned from his post on December 25,1960.^[2]

Governor of Riyadh[link]

Salman bin Abdulaziz was again appointed to the governorship of Riyadh Province on February 4, 1963.^[2] His tenure was lasted for forty-eight years from 1963 to 2011.

As governor, he contributed to the development of Riyadh from being a mid-sized town into a major urban metropolis. He has attracted tourism, capital projects, and foreign investment inside his country. He favors geopolitical and economic relationships with the West.^[4]

He was advised by young well-qualified technocrats recruited from King Saud University during his governorship.^[5] His legal counsel is William Jeffress Jr, of Houston-based Baker Botts LLP.^{[citation needed]}

In January 2011, he ordered action against Riyadh beggars "who try to take advantage of the generosity of people". All foreign beggars were deported and Saudi beggars were placed in a rehabilitation program by the Ministry of Social Affairs.^[6]

Defence Minister[link]

In November 5, 2011, Prince Salman was appointed Minister of Defense, replacing his full brother late Crown Prince Sultan.^[7] On the same day Prince Sattam bin Abdul Aziz was named as Governor of Riyadh.

Reasons for his appointment[link]

Prince Salman’s appointment as defense minister is seen as an important move. Because this appointment means that he is the next heir in line after Crown Prince Nayef bin Abdulaziz. This post is thought to enable him to experience a powerful govrnmental post before his future appointment as crown prince.^[8][9]

It is speculated that his appointment as defense minister occurred due to his qualities. Firstly, he has a conciliatory and diplomatic nature. It is well known that he actively deals with the internal family problems and is a mediator to settle disputes between family members. Secondly, Prince Salman belongs to middle generation in the royal family. Therefore, he could develop close ties with both generations socially and culturally. Lastly, as a result of his long-term governorship, he developed a network of relationships within the Arab and international circles.^[8]

Other positions[link]

Prince Salman is chairman of the King Abdulaziz Foundation for Research and Archives (KAFRA).^[10]

Influence[link]

Within the Al Saud, Prince Salman has been viewed as a "kingmaker rather than a potential king". He is well regarded as intelligent and hard-working. He is a trusted mediator in settling royal conflicts amongst the extended Al Saud — estimated at 4,000 princes. His administration of Riyadh Province was reportedly corruption-free. He is a prominent figure of the royal council— which allows him to select which princes will be delegated which responsibilities of the Kingdom.^[4]

Prince Salman and his family own a newspaper group including pan-Arab daily Asharq Al-Awsat and Al Eqtisadiah.^[11][12] Though he owns only 10% of Saudi Research and Marketing Group, he is often referred by auditors as its owner.^[11] He reportedly controls the organization through his son Prince Faisal.^[11] Because Prince Faisal is the chairman of Saudi Marketing and Research Group (SMRG) that publishes such daily paper as Arab News, Asharq Al-Awsat and Al Eqtisadiah through its subsidiary Saudi Research and Publishing Company (SRPC).^[13]

In the media, Prince Salman is reported to have some strong alliances. He is said to be close to Al-Arabiya TV director and Asharq Al-Awsat journalist Abdelrahman Al Rashid and to Othman al Omeir, who runs the liberal Elaph website. Prince Salman is thought to have connections with this website. ^[14]

Views[link]

In November 2002, Prince Salman said his country was not responsible if “some change the work of charity into work of evil”. He stated that he had personally taken part in the activities of those organizations, “and I know the assistance goes to doing good. But if there are those who change some work of charity into evil activities, then it is not the kingdom's responsibility, nor it people, which helps its Arab and Muslim brothers around the world.” The Prince added that if beneficiaries had used assistance "for evil acts, that is not our responsibility at all”.^[15]

Personal life[link]

Salman bin Abdulaziz was married to Sultana bint Turki al Sudairi until her death at the age of 71 in late July 2011. She was A daughter of Prince Salman's uncle, Turki bint Ahmad al Sudairi.^[16] Sultana al Sudairi supported the Prince Fahd bin Salman Charitable Society for the Care of Kidney Patients and other charitable organizations in the country.^[17]

His children from this marriage are Prince Fahd, Prince Ahmed, Prince Sultan, Prince Abdulaziz, Prince Faisal and Princess Hussa.^[17]

His child from his second marriage with Sarah bint Faisal al Sabayi is Prince Saud. His children from his third marriage with Fahda bint Falah bin Sultan al Hithalayn are Prince Mohammed, Prince Turki, Prince Khalid, Prince Nayif, Prince Bandar and Prince Rakan.^[18]

His oldest son Fahd bin Salman died in 2001 because of heart failure. Ahmad bin Salman died after a heart attack in 2002 at age 43.^[19] Sultan bin Salman is the first Muslim in space. Abdulaziz bin Salman is the deputy minister of Petroleum since 1995.^[20] Faisal bin Salman is Chairman of the Saudi Research and Marketing Group. One of his younger sons, Mohammed, is his private adviser at the Ministry of Defence.^[21]

Prince Salman was the closest brother to the late Crown Prince Sultan, having remained at his side during his constant illness and recovery in New York and Morocco nearly from 2008 to 2011.^[8]

Similar to his support to his brother late Crown Prince Sultan, Prince Salman was also late King Fahd’s most trusted advisor during his reign.^[22][23]

Health[link]

In August, 2010, Prince Salman underwent spine surgery in the United States and remained out of the kingdom for recovery.^[24]

He had one stroke and despite physiotherapy, his left arm does not work as well as his right.^[25]

Philanthropy[link]

Salman bin Abdulaziz is the chairman of the Prince Salman Center for Disability Research and the Prince Fahd bin Salman Charitable Society for the Care of Kidney Patients. He is a strong advocate for philanthropy in poor Muslim nations such as Somalia, Sudan, Bangladesh, Afghanistan, and Bosnia-Herzegovina.^[4]

Controversy[link]

In April 2012, King Juan Carlos of Spain had to apologize to his nation due to his expensive trip to Botswana for elephant hunting. Spanish officials stated that King's trip was paid for not by the taxpayers or the royal palace but by Mohamed Eyad Kayali, a businessman of Syrian origin who is seen as a representative in Spain of Salman bin Abdulaziz who is said to be a key player in a contract with a Spanish consortium in July 2011 to consruct a high-speed “pilgrim train” line between the holy Muslim cities of Mecca and Medina.^[26]

References[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Salman bin Abdulaziz

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Salman the Persian or Salmān al-Fārsī (Arabic: سلمان الفارسي‎ Salman al-Farsi; in Persian: روزبه‎ Rouzbeh) was one of Muhammad's companions.

During some of his later meetings with the other Sahabah, he was referred to as Abu Abdullah ("Father of Abdullah").

Biography[link]

Birth place[link]

Salman the Persian was born either in the city of Kazerun in Fars Province, or Isfahan in Isfahan Province, Iran.^[1][2]

Battle of the Trench[link]

It was Salman who came up with the idea of digging a great trench around the city of Medina to defend the city and its people from the army of 10,000 non-Muslims of Arabia. Muhammad and his companions agreed and accepted Salman's plan because it was safer and there would be a better chance that the non-Muslim army of Arabia would have a larger number of casualties. Salman came up with the idea from remembering the same thing happening in Persia; when the Persians learned that their enemies planned to invade their territory, they dug a trench around them to be safe. The attack that the Muslims had expected, is known as the Battle of the Trench.

While some sources gather him with the Muhajirun,^[3] other sources narrate that during the Battle of the Trench, one of Muhajirun stated "Salman is one of us, Muhajireen", but this was challenged by the Muslims of Medina known in Arabic as the Ansar. A lively argument began between the two groups, each of them claiming that Salman belonged to their group, and not to the other group. Muhammad arrived on the scene, and heard the argument. He was amused by the claims, but he soon put an end to their arguments by saying: "Salman is neither Muhajir nor Ansar. He is one of us. He is one of the People of the House, ahl al-Bayt."^[4]

Death[link]

When exactly Salman died is unknown, however it is probably during Uthman ibn Affan's reign or the second year of Ali's reign.

One source says he died in 32 AH/654 AD^[5], while another source says he died during Uthman's era in 35 hijri/657 AD, which is wrong as Uthman died a year earlier, so if their claim that Salman died in 35 hijri/657 AD is correct then it must have been during Ali's reign.^[6]

Titles[link]

Abu Hurairah called Salman Abu Al Kitabayn (The father of the two books, i.e., the Bible and the Quran) and Ali called him Luqman Al Hakeem (Luqman the wise)^[7]

A hadith[link]

A measure of Salman's scriptual attainment can be gleaned by the following narrations. The second narration implies that Salman could also read Hebrew.

Narrated Abu Juhaifa:

The Prophet made a bond of brotherhood between Salman and Abu Ad-Darda.' Salman paid a visit to Abu Ad-Darda' and found Um Ad-Darda' dressed in shabby clothes and asked her why she was in that state. She replied, "Your brother Abu Ad-Darda' is not interested in (the luxuries of) this world." In the meantime Abu Ad-Darda' came and prepared a meal for Salman. Salman requested Abu Ad-Darda' to eat (with him), but Abu Ad-Darda' said, "I am fasting." Salman said, "I am not going to eat unless you eat." So, Abu Ad-Darda' ate(with Salman). When it was night and (a part of the night passed), Abu Ad-Darda' got up (to offer the night prayer), but Salman told him to sleep and Abu Ad-Darda' slept. After sometime Abu Ad-Darda' again got up but Salman told him to sleep. When it was the last hours of the night, Salman told him to get up then, and both of them offered the prayer. Salman told Abu Ad-Darda', "Your Lord has a right on you, your soul has a right on you, and your family has a right on you; so you should give the rights of all those who has a right on you." Abu Ad-Darda' came to the Prophet and narrated the whole story. The Prophet said, "Salman has spoken the truth."^[8]

Narrated Salman al-Farsi:

I read in the Torah that the blessing of food consists in ablution before it. So I mentioned it to the Prophet (peace_be_upon_him). He said: The blessing of food consists in ablution before it and ablution after it.^[9]

Works[link]

He translated part of the Quran into Persian, thus becoming the first person to interpret the Qur'an into a foreign language.^[10]

Quotation[link]

I am Salman, the son of Islam from the children of Adam.

—Salman, Companions of The Prophet, Vol.1, by: Abdul Wahid Hamid

Shi'a view[link]

Shias, Twelvers in particular, hold Salman in high esteem for a hadith attributed to him, in which all twelve Imāms were mentioned to him by name, from Muhammad.^[11]

He is also mentioned in one hadith regarding the perfect Shia.

Ali Asgher Razwy, a 20th century Shi'a Twelver Islamic scholar states:

If anyone wishes to see the real spirit of Islam, he will find it, not in the deeds of the nouveaux riches of Medina, but in the life, character and deeds of such companions of the Apostle of God as Ali ibn Abi Talib, Salman el-Farsi, Abu Dharr el-Ghiffari, Ammar ibn Yasir, Owais Qarni and Bilal. The orientalists will change their assessment of the spirit of Islam if they contemplate it in the austere, pure and sanctified lives of these latter companions.

—Ali Asgher Razwy, A Restatement of the History of Islam and Muslims^[12]

Sufi view[link]

Sufis refer to him often; in the Oveyssi-Shahmaghsoudi order and Naqshbandi order, Salman is the third person in the chain connecting devotees with Muhammad.

See also[link]

• Sulaym ibn Qays
• List of non-Arab Sahaba

References[link]

External links[link]

• Sahaba.net: Salman al-Farisi
• Biography of Salman al-Farisi (according to a Naqshbandi Sufi order)

Look up Abdul Aziz in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Abdul Aziz (Arabic: عبد العزيز‎) is a male Muslim given name and in modern usage, surname. It is built from the Arabic words Abd, al- and Aziz. The name means "servant of the Almighty", Al-Azīz being one of the names of God in the Qur'an, which give rise to the Muslim theophoric names.^[1][2]

The letter a of the al- is unstressed, and can be transliterated by almost any vowel, often by u. So the first part can appear as Abdel, Abdul or Abd-al. The second part may appear as Aziz or Azeez, or in other ways. The whole name is subject to variable spacing and hyphenation.

It may refer to:

Males[link]

• Abd al-Aziz ibn Musa (died 716), governor of Al-Andalus
• Abd al-Aziz ibn Mansur (ruled 1104-1121), ruler of the Hammadids (Berber dynasy)
• Abdelaziz al-Malzuzi (died 1298), Moroccan poet and historian
• Nūr ad-Dīn 'Abd al-'Azīz Ibn al-Qamar (1326–1398), Tunisian Berber Muslim prince
• Abd al-Aziz of Mogadishu (active around 1346), Somali ruler in Kinolhas, Maldives
• Abu Faris Abd al-Aziz II (ruled 1394–1434, Hafsid Caliph of Ifriqiya (Tunisia)
• Abdelaziz al-Tebaa (died 1499), Moroccan sufi
• Abdelaziz al-Maghrawi (late 16th century), Moroccan poet
• Abd al-Aziz al-Fishtali (1549–1621), Moroccan poet and historian
• Abdul Aziz Hotak (died 1717), ruler of the Ghilzai Hotaki dynasty of Kandahar
• Abdülaziz Efendi (born 1735), Ottoman physician and poet
• Shah Abdul Aziz (1745–1823), Indian Islamic scholar
• Abdul Aziz ibn Muhammad ibn Saud (ruled 1765-1803), ruler of Saudi Arabia
• Abdülaziz (1830–1876), Sultan of the Ottoman Empire
• Abd al Aziz al-Amawi (1832–1896), Somali diplomat, historian, poet, jurist and scholar living in Zanzibar
• Abdulaziz bin Mitab (ruled 1897–1906), ruler of Arabia
• Abdelaziz Thâalbi (1876–1944), Tunisian politician
• Abdul Aziz Al Saud, or Ibn Saud of Saudi Arabia, (1876–1953), King of Saudi Arabia
• Abdelaziz of Morocco (1878–1943), Sultan of Morocco
• Abdul Aziz of Perak (1887–1948), Sultan of Perak, Malaya
• Abdul Aziz Yamulki (1890–1981), Ottoman/Iraqi/Kurdish army officer
• Abdul Aziz Kurd (active 1920), Balochistan politician
• Abdul Aziz bin Musaid (active 1921), Saudi soldier
• Mehmed Abdulaziz (1901–1977), head of the Ottoman dynasty
• Abd al-Aziz ibn Abd Allah ibn Baaz (1910–1999), Grand Mufti of Saudi Arabia
• Saleh Abdul Aziz Al Rajhi (born 1912), Saudi businessman
• Abdelaziz Ben Sediq (1920–1997), Moroccan Muslim scholar
• Sulaiman Abdul Aziz Al Rajhi (born 1920), Saudi businessman
• Abdol-Aziz Mirza Farmanfarmaian (born 1920), Iranian architect
• Ungku Abdul Aziz (born 1922), British-Malay academic administrator
• Abd El Aziz Muhammad Hejazi (born 1923), Prime Minister of Egypt
• Abd el-Aziz el-Zoubi (1926–1974), Israeli Arab politician
• Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Shah Al-Haj ibni Hisamuddin Alam Shah Al-Haj, or Salahuddin of Selangor (1926–2001) Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia
• Abdelaziz Ben Tifour (1927–1970), Algerian footballer
• Abdelaziz Gorgi (1928–2008), Tunisian artist
• Nik Abdul Aziz Nik Mat (born 1931), Malaysian politician
• Ahmed AbdulAziz AL-Sadoun, or Ahmed Al-Sadoun (born 1934), Kuwaiti politician
• Abdelaziz Bouteflika (born 1937), President of Algeria
• Abdul Aziz Abdul Ghani (born 1939), Prime Minister of Yemen
• Abdul-Azeez ibn Abdullaah Aal ash-Shaikh (born 1940), Grand Mufti of Saudi Arabia
• Abdul Aziz (cricketer) (1941–1959), Pakistani cricketer killed by ball
• Alhaji Abdul Azeez Kolawole Adeyemo (1941–2002), Nigerian politician
• Nasr Abdel Aziz Eleyan (born 1941), Palestinian artist
• Abdel Aziz Khoja (born 1942), Saudi diplomat
• Abdulaziz Ali Al turki (born 1944), Saudi businessman
• Abdelaziz bin Ahmed Al Thani (1945–2008), Qatari prince
• Abdelaziz Belkhadem (born 1945), Algerian politician
• Hany Abdel-Aziz (born 1946), Egyptian diplomat
• Farouk Abdul-Aziz (born 1946), Egyptian television presenter and writer
• Zaid Abdul-Aziz (born 1946), American basketball player
• Abdulaziz Komilov (born 1947), Uzbek politician
• P. K. Abdul Aziz (born 1947), Indian scientist and academic administrator
• Abdel Aziz al-Rantissi (1947–2004), Palestinian co-founder of Hamas
• Mohamed Abdelaziz (born 1947/1948), Secretary General of the Polisario Front and President of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
• Abdelaziz bin Khalifa Al Thani (born 1946), Qatari prince
• Ibrahim Abdulaziz Al-Assaf (born 1949), Saudi politician
• Abdul Aziz al-Hakim (1950–2009), Iraqi theologian and politician
• Abdul-Aziz ibn Myatt (born 1950), British Islamist and former neo-nazi
• Abd Al Aziz Awda (born 1950), Palestinian co-founder of Islamic Jihad
• Abdel Aziz El Mubarak (born 1951), Sudanese singer
• Abdulaziz Al-Saqqaf (1952–1999), Yemeni human-rights activist, economist, and journalist
• Abdul-Aziz Abdul-Shafi (born 1952), Egyptian football manager
• Sheikh Abdul Aziz (1952–2008), Kashmiri politician
• Abdul Aziz Al Ghurair (born 1954), UAE businessman
• Maged A. Abdelaziz (born 1954), Egyptian diplomat
• Abdulaziz Al-Anberi (born 1954), Kuwaiti fooballer
• Abdulaziz Nasser Al Shamsi (born 1956), UAE diplomat
• Mohamed Ould Abdel Aziz (born 1956), Mauritanian politician
• Sami Abdul Aziz Salim Allaithy (born 1956), Egyptian held in Guantanamo
• Abdulazeez Ibrahim (born 1957), Nigerian politician
• Mohammed Abdi Abdulaziz (born 1958), Tanzanian politician
• Abdelaziz Dakhane (born 1959), Algerian Islamic scholar
• Amr Abdel Basset Abdel Azeez Diab, or Amr Diab (born 1961), Egyptian singer
• Abdul Aziz bin Abdullah (born 1962), Saudi prince
• Abdulaziz Usman (born 1962), Nigerian politician
• Ali Abd-al-Aziz al-Isawi (born c. 1962), Libyan politician
• Abdul Aziz bin Ahmed Al Saud (born 1963), Saudi prince and businessman
• Saud Abdul Aziz Al Gosaibi (born 1963), Saudi businessman
• Abdul Aziz Al Matrafi (born 1964), Saudi held in Gantanamo
• Ayman Abd El Aziz Nour, or Ayman Nour (born 1964), Egyptian politician
• Abdelaziz Bennij (born 1965), Moroccan footballer
• Abdulaziz Mohamed (born 1965), UAE footballer
• Abdul-Aziz al-Masri, alias of Ali Sayyid Muhamed Mustafa al-Bakri (born 1966), Egyptian alleged terrorist
• Abdullah Muhammed Abdel Aziz (born 1967), Saudi held in Guantanamo
• Abdelaziz Sahere (born 1967), Moroccan runner
• Abdulaziz AlـShayji (born 1967), Kuwaiti politician
• Abdul Aziz Moshood (born 1968), Nigerian footballer
• Abdul Aziz, or Imam Samudra (1970–2008), Indonesian executed for terrorist offences
• Ahmed Ould Abdel Aziz (born 1970), Mauritanian held in Guantanamo
• Abdel Aziz al-Muqrin (1971–2004), Saudi alleged terrorist
• Mohamed Abdullaziz Al-Deayea, or Mohamed Al-Deayea (born 1972), Saudi footballer
• Abdul Aziz bin Fahd (born 1973), Saudi prince and politician
• Abd Al Aziz Sayer Uwain Al Shammeri (born 1973), Kuwaiti held in Guantanamo
• Abdulaziz Khathran (born 1973), Saudi footballer
• Abdulaziz Al-Janoubi (born 1974), Saudi fotballer
• Abdul Aziz Abdullah Ali Al Suadi (born 1974), Yemeni held in Guantanamo
• Abdul Aziz Naji, presumably correct name of Aziz Abdul Naji (born 1975), Algerian held in Guantanamo
• Karim Abdel Aziz (born 1975), Egyptian actor
• Abdulaziz Muhammad Saleh bin Otash (born 1975), Saudi alleged terrorist
• Azmin Azram Abdul Aziz (born 1976), Malaysian footballer
• Homoud Nasser Saoud Abdel Aziz Elwere, or Homoud Nasser (born 1977), Kuwaiti singer
• Mahmoud Abd Al Aziz Abd Al Mujahid (born 1977), Yemeni held in Guantanamo
• Ayman Abdelaziz (born 1978), Egyptian-Turkish footballer
• Abdelaziz Ahanfouf (born 1978), German-Moroccan footballer
• Abdelaziz Touilbini (born 1978), Algerian boxer
• Abdulaziz al-Omari (1979–2001), Saudi aircraft hijacker in the September 11 attacks
• Abdul Aziz Sa'ad Al-Khaldi (born 1979), Saudi held in Guantanamo
• Abdulaziz Fadhil (born 1979), Kuwaiti footballer
• Abdulaziz Karim (born 1979), Qatari footballer
• Abdel Aziz Moussa (born 1980), Chadian-Angolan basketball player
• Abdulaziz Ali (born 1980), Qatari footballer
• Adel Abdulaziz (born 1980), UAE footballer
• Abd Al Aziz Muhammad Ibrahim Al Nasir (born 1980), Saudi held in Guantanamo
• Abdul Aziz Ismail (born 1981), Malyasian footballer
• Abdul Aziz bin Talal bin Abdul Aziz Al Saud (born 1982), Saudi prince
• Abdulaziz Abdelrahman (born 1982), Saudi singer
• Abdul Aziz Abdul Rahman Abdul Aziz Al Baddah (born 1982), Saudi held in Guantanamo
• Abdoul Aziz Hamza (born 1982), Nigerian footballer
• Hussein Fathi Abdelaziz Sultaan, or Hussein Sultaan (born 1982), Libyan footballer
• Omar Abdel Aziz (born 1983), Egyptian squash player
• Abdelaziz Kamara (born 1984), French-Mauritanian footballer
• Omar Abdul Aziz (born 1985), Nigerian footballer
• Mohamed Abdelaziz Tchikou (born 1985), Algerian footballer
• Abdulaziz Hatem (born 1985), Qatari footballer
• Abdoul-Aziz Nikiema (born 1985), Burkinabé footballer
• Abdelaziz Tawfik (born 1986), Egyptian footballer
• Abdul Aziz (footballer) (born 1986), Pakistani footballer
• Abdulaziz Al-Kalthem (born 1987), Saudi footballer
• Abdulaziz Al-Hamidi (born 1987), Kuwaiti basketball player
• Abdulaziz Al Sulaiti (born 1988), Qatari footballer
• Abdulaziz Belraysh (born 1990), Libyan footballer
• Abdul Aziz Tetteh (born 1990), Ghanaian footballer
• Abdulaziz Fayez Al Alawi (born 1990), UAE footballer
• Abdulaziz Al Salimi (born 1991), Kuwaiti footballer
• Abd Al-Aziz Fawzan Al-Fawzan, Saudi writer and televisor
• Abdul Aziz Said, Syrian-America political writer
• Abdulaziz Sachedina, Tanzanian-American professor of religious studies
• Abdul Aziz Mirza, Pakistani naval officer and diplomat
• Amirsham Abdul Aziz, Malaysian businessman
• Abdul Aziz Ghazi, Pakistani cleric
• Abdul Aziz ibn Ayyaf Al-Miqrin, Saudi politician
• Ibrahim Abdulaziz Sahad, Libyan politician
• Abdul Aziz Abul, Bahraini politician
• Mohamed Nazri Abdul Aziz, Malaysian politician
• Abdul Aziz Abdul Kadir, Malaysian politician
• Abdul Aziz Shamsuddin, Malaysian politician
• Samir Abd al-Aziz, Iraqi politician
• Abdelaziz Kareem Salim al-Noofayee, Saudi held in Guantanamo
• Abdul Aziz Ben Sharpe Ben Rabah Al Shabari, Saudi dissident who went home

This page or section lists people that share the same given name. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change that link to point directly to the intended article.

As patronymic[link]

• Umar ibn AbdulAziz (ca. 682-720), Umayyad caliph
• Abū ʿUbayd ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz al-Bakrī (c. 1014–1094), Andalusian-Arab geographer and historian
• Yahya ibn Abd al-Aziz (ruled 1112-1152), ruler of the Hammadids (Berber dynasty)
• Saud ibn Abdul Aziz ibn Muhammad ibn Saud (ruled 1803-1814), ruler of Saudi Arabia
• Saud ibn Abd al-Aziz ibn Saud (born 1878), Saudi prince
• Turki bin Abd al-Aziz (1900–1919), Saudi prince
• Saud bin Abdul Aziz, or Saud of Saudi Arabia (1902–1969), King of Saudi Arabia
• Faisal ibn Abdul Aziz Al Saud, or Faisal of Saudi Arabia (1904–1975). King of Saudi Arabia
• Muhammad bin Abdul Aziz Al Saud (1910–1988), prince in Saudi Arabia
• Khalid bin Abdul Aziz, or Khalid of Saudi Arabia (1912–1982), King of Saudi Arabia
• Fahd bin Abdul Aziz Al Saud, or Fahd of Saudi Arabia (1921–2005), King of Saudi Arabia
• Abdullah al Faisal ibn Abd al-Aziz (1922–2007), Saudi prince and businessman
• Bandar bin Abdul Aziz (born 1923), Saudi prince
• Abdullah Bin Abdulaziz, or Abdullah of Saudi Arabia (born 1924), King of Saudi Arabia
• Mishaal bin Abdul Aziz (born 1926), Saudi prince and politician
• Sultan bin Abdul Aziz Al Saud (born 1928), Saudi prince and politician
• Abd al-Rahman bin Abdul Aziz (born 1931), Saudi prince and politician
• Mutaib bin Abdul Aziz (born 1931), Saudi prince and politician
• Talal ibn Abd al-Aziz (born 1932), Saudi prince and politician
• Badr bin Abdul Aziz (born 1933), Saudi prince
• Turki bin Abdul Aziz (born 1932/c. 1934), Saudi prince and politician
• Fawwaz bin Abdul Aziz (1934–2008), Saudi prince and politician
• Nayef bin Abdul Aziz Al Saud (born 1934), Saudi prince and politician
• Salman bin Abdulaziz Al-Saud (born 1939), Saudi prince and politician
• Sattam bin Abdulaziz Al-Saud (born 1941), Saudi prince and politician
• Ahmed bin Abdul Aziz (born 1942), Saudi prince and politician
• Abdul Majeed bin Abdul Aziz (1943–2007), Saudi prince
• Saud bin Abdelaziz bin Hamad Al Thani (born 1944), Qatari prince
• Muqran bin Abdul Aziz Al Saud (born 1945), Saudi prince and politician
• Nizar ben Abdelaziz Trabelsi, or Nizar Trabelsi (born 1970), Tunisian footballer and alleged terrorist

• Nawwaf bin Abdul Aziz, Saudi prince and politician
• Saud bin Abdulaziz bin Nasir al Saud, Saudi prince convicted of murder

Females[link]

• Lobna Abdel Aziz (born 1935), Egyptian actress
• Suad Nasr Abd El Aziz (1953–2007), Egyptian stage, television, and film actress
• Yasmine Abdul Aziz (born 1980), Egyptian actress

As patronymic[link]

• Luluwah bint Abdulaziz Al Saud (c. 1928–2009), Saudi princess
• Sultana bint Abdulaziz Al-Saud (c. 1928–2009), Saudi princess
• Al-Bandari bint Abdulaziz (1928–2008), Saudi princess
• Haya bint Abdulaziz Al-Saud (c. 1929–2009), Saudi princess

References[link]

1. ^ Salahuddin Ahmed (1999). A Dictionary of Muslim Names. London: Hurst & Company. 
2. ^ S. A. Rahman (2001). A Dictionary of Muslim Names. New Delhi: Goodword Books. 

Sultan bin Abdulaziz al Saud سلطان بن عبد العزيز آل سعود
Crown Prince First Deputy Prime Minister Minister of Defense and Aviation and Inspector General
Prince Sultan in the White House
Full name
Sultan bin Abdulaziz bin Abdul Rahman bin Faisal bin Turki bin Abdullah bin Muhammad bin Saud
House	House of Saud
Father	King Abdulaziz
Mother	Hassa al Sudairi
Born	(1929-12-30)30 December 1929 Riyadh, Kingdom of Nejd and Hejaz
Died	21 October 2011(2011-10-21) (aged 80) New York City, United States
Burial	26 October 2011 Al Oud cemetery, Riyadh
Religion	Islam

This article contains Arabic text, written from right to left in a cursive style with some letters joined. Without proper rendering support, you may see unjoined Arabic letters written left-to-right instead of right-to-left or other symbols instead of Arabic script.

Sultan bin Abdulaziz al Saud "Sultan Al-Khair" (Arabic: سلطان بن عبدالعزيز آل سعود‎) was the crown prince of Saudi Arabia.

Early life and education[link]

Sultan was born in Riyadh. He was the 12th son of King Abdulaziz^[1] and his mother was Hassa Al Sudairi (1900–1969).

Sultan, along with many of his brothers, received his early education in religion, modern culture, and diplomacy at the royal court.

His career in public service began in 1947 when he was appointed governor of Riyadh, whose main task is resolving the disputes among the 7.000 members of royal family.^[2]

In 1947, he oversaw ARAMCO's construction of the Kingdom's rail link between Dammam and Riyadh.

Sultan was appointed as the kingdom’s first Minister of Agriculture in 1953 and Minister of Transport in 1955.^[2]

Although his direct military experience was brief, heading the Royal Guard in Riyadh in the early 1950s, he felt a lifelong connection to the military and the cause of Saudi independence from an early age.^[3] Major General Carl Von Horn, Swedish commander of the UN observer mission during the Yemeni civil war, described the Prince as "a volatile and emotional young man" in the early days.^[3]

Minister of Defense and Aviation[link]

In 1962, King Faisal appointed Prince Sultan as Minister of Defense and Aviation. He presided over the development of the Saudi armed forces.

Sultan purchased U.S. tanks, fighter planes, missiles and AWACS (airborne warning and control systems). However, as a result of problems assimilating technology within its armed forces, a relatively high proportion of the military equipment is stored or under maintenance, despite a large portion of Saudi's $34 billion defense budget being spent on maintaining military equipment. Sultan allegedly became extraordinarily wealthy from kickbacks by Western businesses that handled multibillion-dollar defense contracts.^[4] He was involved in many scandals, including the Al Yamamah deal.^[5] However, his influence remained unhindered until his health began to deteriorate.^[5] During his tenure, Saudi Arabia became the largest importer of U.S. arms. He was a strong proponent of U.S.-Saudi partnership.^[6]

As well, Sultan authorized a deal with the British Aircraft Corporation (BAC) in 1965. His program, called Operation Magic Carpet, traded £16 million for six second-hand Lightnings^{[disambiguation needed ]}, six Hawker Hunters, and a set of missile launchers going to Royal Saudi Air Force. Geoffrey Edwards^{[disambiguation needed ]} served as the official intermediary. British pilots also came over, privately contracted.^[3]

Prince Sultan was an expert on the Yemen civil war and Soviet involvement in the Horn of Africa in 1985.^[7]

In 1996, Prince Sultan opposed Pentagon plans to relocate U.S. troops to safer locations after the Dhahran complex bombings.^[8]

Second Deputy Prime Minister[link]

In 1982, King Fahd appointed Prince Sultan as Second Deputy Prime Minister.

Opposition to his appointment as second deputy prime minister came in particular from two other half brothers, Musaid and Bandar, both of whom, like Abdullah, were born in 1923 and therefore, were older than Prince Sultan, who was born in 1924. The protestations of Prince Musaid could be ignored because it was his son who had assassinated King Faisal. But the interests of Bandar bin Abdulaziz were more difficult to disregard. However, he was compensated and the dispute was eliminated.^[9]

Crown Prince[link]

Styles of Crown Prince Sultan bin Abdul-Aziz Al Saud
Reference style	His Royal Highness[10]
Spoken style	Your Royal Highness

On 1 August 2005, Sultan bin Abdulaziz was designated heir apparent despite having a discord with King Abdullah.^[11]

Various positions[link]

Prince Sultan was Saudi Arabia's Inspector General. He was Chairman of the Board of Saudi Arabia's national airline, Saudi Arabian Airlines. As Chairman, he approved a ban on smoking inside all Saudi airports.^[12] In 1986, he founded the Saudi National Commission for Wildlife Conservation.^[13]

Scientific prizes sponsored by Prince Sultan bin Abdul Aziz[link]

• Prince Sultan bin Abdulaziz prize for water. He was the founder and patron of the Prince Sultan bin Abdul-Aziz International Prize for Water, a bi-annual international scientific award for water research.^[14]
• Prince Sultan bin Abdulaziz Chair for environmental engineering, department of civil engineering, King Fahd University for Petroleum and Minerals. It is the first chair in the university.
• The scientific agreement between Prince Sultan bin Abdullaziz and Oxford University for academic and cultural co-operation, which enables Saudi students for bachelor, master and PHD degrees in the field of human sciences.^[15]

Charity works[link]

A non-profit charity organization, Sultan bin Abdulaziz al Saud Foundation, was set up and funded by Prince Sultan in 1995 for social objectives. The foundation includes the following centers in different countries:

• • Sultan Bin Abdulaziz Humanitarian City^[16]
  • Sultan Bin Abdulaziz Science and Technology Center
  • Charity housing projects
  • Sultan Bin Abdulaziz Special Education Program at the Arabian Gulf University in Bahrain
  • Prince Sultan Center for Speech and Hearing in Bahrain
  • King Abdulaziz Center for Islamic Studies at Bologna University
  • Sultan Bin Abdulaziz Arab and Islamic Studies Program at the University of California, Berkeley

• Prince Sultan Bin Abdulaziz Private: Committee for Relief.

This private committee organizes relief and medical convoys and sets up camps to combat diseases like Malaria and blindness. It has carried out several developmental, social and medical projects, like, digging wells, building schools, public libraries, mosques, hospitals, establishing dialysis centers. It also sponsors Muslim preachers in Ethiopia, Chad, Niger, Malawi, Mali, Comoro Islands, Djibouti and Indonesia.^[17]

Controversy[link]

Donations[link]

In April 2005, Sultan donated £2 million to the Ashmolean Museum. This is regarded as one of the most controversial donations Oxford University received. A year after his donations to establish an art museum, Oxford University agreed to ‘expedite’ the scholarship application process for Saudi students, and identify colleges for ten Saudi students from Prince Sultan University (PSU). When this arrangement became public, it led to criticism from both academics and students stating that it was no academic worth to the university, bypassing Oxford’s governing council, and breaching the admissions process for prospective students.^[18]

A press release issued by Oxford University on 20 April 2005, said that:

HRH Prince Sultan bin Abdulaziz al Saud has given the Ashmolean Museum a substantial donation to provide a fitting home for the Museum’s internationally renowned collection of Islamic art. The total value of the gift is £2 million, which will also provide for ten scholarships at the University of Oxford for Saudi Arabian students.

The press release added further that ‘the new gallery, part of the ambitious redevelopment of one of the world’s oldest museums, will be named the “Prince Sultan bin Abdulaziz al Saud Gallery”’. Arab News on 21 April 2005, reported that Sultan’s donation was a ‘move to promote understanding between Islam and the West’, adding that ‘Saudi and British officials’ had said that the new gallery ‘will help to portray Islamic culture and civilization in right perspectives.’^[18]

Personal life[link]

Prince Sultan has thirty-two children by his multiple wives. His eldest son Khalid, after Sultan's death, was assigned as the Deputy Minister of Defence.^[3] His other son Bandar is secretary-general of the National Security Council since 2005. Fahd, another son of him, is Governor of Tabuk Province. Salman (born 1976), another son of him, is assistant secretary-general of the National Security Council.^[19] Faisal, his fourth eldest son, is the Secretary General of Sultan bin Abdulaziz al Saud Foundation.^[20]

His other sons are Faisal, Turki, Nayef, Badr, Mohammed, Saud, Ahmad, Nawwaf, Abdullah, Mishaal, Mansour, Fawwaz, Abdulmajid and Abdul Ilah.

One of his daughters, Reema, is married to Muhammad bin Nayef, son of the Crown Prince Nayef bin Abdulaziz.^[21] His other daughter is married to Turki bin Nasser. One of his daughters, Munira who was late Faisal bin Fahd's spouse died in June 2011.^[22]

Wives[link]

This article may contain original research. Please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding references. Statements consisting only of original research may be removed. More details may be available on the talk page. (October 2011)

• Monera bint Abdul Aziz bin Mousad al Saud (deceased), mother of Khalid, Fahd, Faisal and Turki
• Huda bint Abdullah al Shaikh, mother of Saud, Nayef, Nawwaf, Badr
• Areej bint Salem al Maree
• Jowaher bint Mohammed bin Saud bin Nasser al Farhan al Saud (divorced)
• Mouda bint Saud al Kabeer al Saud (divorced)
• Mounira bint Machaal bin Saud al Rashid (deceased)
• Leila bint Thanian al Saud (divorced)
• Mouda bint Salman al Mandeel al Khaldi (divorced)
• Ghadir bint Shawaan al Shibani (divorced)
• Maha bint Abdullah al Binyan (divorced)
• Abir bint Fahd al Faisal al Farhan al Saud, mother of Fawaz (divorced)

Characteristics[link]

He was regarded as a workaholic with a reputation as "the epitomy of corruption". His lavish spending is legendary: he doles out money at banquets in keeping with tribal custom. A conservative expected to put a brake on Abdullah's timid reforms assuming he becomes king. He was considered to be a pro-American whose son, Prince Bandar, is a former US envoy.^[23]

Wealth[link]

Prince Sultan’s fortune is estimated at $270 billion, which he distributed between his sons prior to his death in October 2011 in order to shore up their political position in the competitive princely arena.^[24][25]

Health issues[link]

Sultan had been rumored to have had colon cancer in 2003. A foreign correspondent was forced to leave the country after reporting his health problems.^[26]

In 2004, Sultan was diagnosed with colon cancer and underwent several corrective surgeries. He underwent an operation to remove an intestinal polyp.^[27] In April 2009, he started to suffer from Alzheimer's disease.^[28][29]

A leaked March 2009 diplomatic cable from WikiLeaks stated that U.S. diplomats viewed Prince Sultan as "for all intents and purposes incapacitated".^[30] He was possibly suffering dementia, specifically Alzheimer's disease.^[31]

He spent several months in New York City at NewYork–Presbyterian Hospital and underwent surgery. He then convalesced at Agadir, Morocco, and remained abroad most of the time, undergoing medical treatments.^[32]

Morocco vacation[link]

In February 2009, Sultan underwent surgery in New York. He then convalesced at Agadir, Morocco. He went back to Saudi Arabia, but soon returned to Morocco in August 2009. During his vacation, the Saudi cabinet increased officer salaries, a traditional domain of Sultan.^[33]

In 2009, King Abdullah took charge of all defense purchases and reduced the power of the Defense Ministry. In October 2010, Abdullah personally conducted much of the negotiations for the U.S. arms package worth over $60 billion.^[34]

In November 2010, Sultan received Lebanese Prime Minister Saad Al-Hariri to discuss the future of Lebanon's government.^[35] He had been receiving treatment since 2009 for what analysts and diplomats believed to be cancer.^[36] At the end of November 2010, he returned to Saudi Arabia because King Abdullah left for the United States for surgery. His return was seen as a legal formality necessary under Saudi law, which stipulates that only one of the kingdom's top two officials can be abroad at a given time.^[37]

Death[link]

According to a statement made by the Saudi Royal court on Saturday, 22 October 2011, Sultan died at dawn of an unspecified illness. According to media reports, Sultan had been battling cancer and had been seeking medical treatment in the United States since June 2011.^[38][39] According to unnamed U.S. officials cited by the The New York Times, he died at New York-Presbyterian Hospital in Manhattan.^[40]

His funeral was held at the Imam Turki bin Abdullah mosque in Riyadh on 26 October 2011, in the presence of King Abdullah bin Abdulaziz.^[38]

Views[link]

Sultan took a lifetime anti-communist and anti-Soviet view, based on his dislike of Soviet state atheism as well as Soviet interest in Gulf oil and access to ports that he felt risked Saudi independence. He rebuked U.S. President Jimmy Carter for what he saw as "pusillanimity" in the face of the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan.^[3]

In a 23 October 2001 interview in Kuwaiti newspaper As Seyassa, concerning 9/11 attacks, Sultan stated “Who stands behind this terrorism and who carried out this complicated and carefully planned terrorist operation? Osama bin Laden and those with him have said what indicates that they stand behind this carefully planned act. We, in turn, ask: Are bin Laden and his supporters the only ones behind what happened or is there another power with advanced technical expertise that acted with them?”.^[41]

References[link]

External links[link]

	Saudi Arabia portal
	Biography portal
	Politics portal

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Sultan bin Abdul Aziz Al Saud

• Saudi Info website
• Prince Sultan Bin Abdulaziz International Prize for Water – Official Website
• King Fahd's death, succession
• Ministry of Foreign Affairs
• Sultan bin Abdulaziz al Saud Foundation

This article relies largely or entirely upon a single source. Please help improve this article by introducing citations to additional sources. Discussion about the problems with the sole source used may be found on the talk page. (February 2012)

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Pierre de Marivaux
Portrait of Marivaux by Louis-Michel van Loo
Born	February 4, 1688 (1688-02-04) Paris, France
Died	February 12, 1763 (1763-02-13)
Occupation	Playwright
Nationality	French
Period	Enlightenment
Genres	Romantic comedy
Influences Commedia dell'arte, Molière

Pierre Carlet de Chamblain de Marivaux (February 4, 1688 – February 12, 1763), commonly referred to as Marivaux, was a French novelist and dramatist.

He is considered one of the most important French playwrights of the 18th century, writing numerous comedies for the Comédie-Française and the Comédie-Italienne of Paris. His most important works are Le Triomphe de l'amour, Le Jeu de l'amour et du hasard and Les Fausses Confidences. He also published a number of essays and two important but unfinished novels, La Vie de Marianne and Le Paysan parvenu.

Life[link]

His father was a Norman financier whose real name was Carlet, but who assumed the surname of Chamblain, and then that of Marivaux. He brought up his family in Limoges and Riom, in the province of Auvergne, where he directed the mint.

Marivaux is said to have written his first play, the Père prudent et équitable, when he was only eighteen, but it was not published till 1712, when he was twenty-four. However, the young Marivaux concentrated more on writing novels than plays. In the three years from 1713 to 1715 he produced three novels--Effets surprenants de la sympathie; La Voiture embourbée, and a book which had three titles--Pharsamon, Les Folies romanesques, and Le Don Quichotte moderne. These books are very different from his later, more famous pieces: they are inspired by Spanish romances and the heroic novels of the preceding century, with a certain intermixture of the marvellous.

Then Marivaux's literary ardour took a new phase. He parodied Homer to serve the cause of Antoine Houdar de La Motte, (1672–1731) an ingenious paradoxer; Marivaux had already done something similar for François Fénelon, whose Telemachus he parodied and updated as Le Telemaque travesti (written in 1714 but not published until 1736). His friendship with Antoine Houdar de La Motte introduced him to the Mercure, the chief newspaper of France, and he started writing articles for it in 1717. His work was noted for its keen observation and literary skill. His work showed the first signs of "marivaudage," which now signifies the flirtatious bantering tone characteristic of Marivaux's dialogues.

Marivaux is reputed to have been a witty conversationalist, with a somewhat contradictory personality. He was extremely good-natured, but fond of saying very severe things, unhesitating in his acceptance of favours (he drew a regular annuity from Claude Adrien Helvétius), but exceedingly touchy if he thought himself in any way slighted. He was, though a great cultivator of sensibility and unsparingly criticized the rising philosophes. Perhaps for this reason, Voltaire became his enemy and often disparaged him. Marivaux' friends included Helvétius, Claudine Guérin de Tencin, Bernard le Bovier de Fontenelle and even Madame de Pompadour (who allegedly provided him with a pension). Marivaux had one daughter, who became a nun; the duke of Orleans, the regent's successor, furnished her with her dowry.

Literary career[link]

The early 1720s were very important for Marivaux; he wrote a comedy (now mostly lost) called L'Amour et la vérité, another comedy, Arlequin poli par l'amour, and an unsuccessful tragedy, Annibal (printed 1737). In about 1721, he married a Mlle Martin, but she died shortly thereafter. Meanwhile, he lost all of his inheritance money when he invested it in the Mississippi scheme. His pen now became almost his sole resource.

Marivaux had a connection with both the fashionable theatres: Annibal had played at the Comédie Française and Arlequin poli at the Comédie Italienne. He also endeavoured to start a weekly newspaper, the Spectateur Français, to which he was the sole contributor. But his irregular work ethic killed the paper after less than two years. Thus, for nearly twenty years the theatre, especially the Comédie Italienne, was Marivaux's chief support. His plays were well received by the actors of the Comédie Française, but were rarely successful there.

Marivaux wrote between 30 and 40 plays, the best of which are the Surprise de l'amour (1722), the Triomphe de Plutus (1728), Jeu de l'amour et du hasard (1730) (The Game of Love and Chance), Les Fausses confidences (1737), all produced at the Italian theatre, and Le Legs (1736), produced at the French. At intervals, he returned to journalism: a periodical publication called L'Indigent philosophe appeared in 1727, and another called Le Cabinet du philosophe in 1734. But the same causes which had proved fatal to the Spectateur prevented these later efforts from succeeding.

In 1731 Marivaux published the first two parts of his great novel, Marianne. The eleven parts appeared at intervals over the next eleven years, but the novel was never finished. In 1735 another novel, Le Paysan parvenu, was begun, but this also was left unfinished. Marivaux was elected a member of the Académie française in 1742. For the next twenty years, he contributed occasionally to the Mercure, wrote plays and reflections (which were seldom of much worth), and so forth. He died on the 12th February 1763, aged seventy-five.

[edit] Marivaudage

The so-called Marivaudage is the main point of importance about Marivaux's literary work, though the best of the comedies have great merits, and Marianne is an extremely important step in the development of the French novel. It, and Le Paysan parvenu, have some connection to the work of Samuel Richardson and Henry Fielding. In general, Marivaux's subject matter is the so-called "metaphysic of love-making." As Claude Prosper Jolyot Crébillon said, Marivaux's characters not only tell each other and the reader everything they have thought, but everything that they would like to persuade themselves that they have thought.

This style derives mainly from Fontenelle and the Précieuses, though there are traces of it even in Jean de La Bruyère. It abuses metaphor somewhat, and delights to turn off a metaphor in an unexpected and bizarre fashion. Sometimes a familiar phrase is used where dignified language would be expected; sometimes the reverse. Crébilllon also described Marivaux's style as an introduction of words to each other, which have never made acquaintance and which think that they will not get on together (this phrase is itself rather Marivaux-esque). This kind of writing, of course, recurs at several periods of literature, especially at the end of the 19th century. This fantastic embroidery of language has a certain charm, and suits the somewhat unreal gallantry and sensibility which it describes and exhibits. Marivaux possessed, moreover, both thought and observation, besides considerable command of pathos.

Works[link]

Plays[link]

• Le Père prudent et équitable (1706), or more likely 1712.
• L'Amour et la Vérité (1720)
• Arlequin poli par l'amour (1720)
• Annibal (1720), his only tragedy
• La Surprise de l'amour (1722)
• La Double Inconstance (1723)
• Le Prince travesti (1724)
• La Fausse Suivante ou Le Fourbe puni (1724)
• Le Dénouement imprévu (1724)
• L'Île des esclaves (1725)
• L'Héritier de village (1725)
• Mahomet second (1726 ? unfinished prose tragedy)
• L'Île de la raison ou Les petits hommes (1727)
• La Seconde Surprise de l'amour (1727)
• Le Triomphe de Plutus (1728)
• La Nouvelle Colonie (1729), lost and then rewritten in 1750 with the title of La Colonie
• Le Jeu de l'Amour et du Hasard (1730)
• La Réunion des Amours (1731)
• Le Triomphe de l'amour (1732)
• Les Serments indiscrets (1732)
• L'École des mères (1732)
• L'Heureux Stratagème (1733)
• La Méprise (1734)
• Le Petit-Maître corrigé (1734)
• Le Chemin de la fortune (1734)
• La Mère confidente (1735)
• Le Legs (1736)
• Les Fausses Confidences (1737)
• La Joie imprévue (1738)
• Les Sincères (1739)
• L'Épreuve (1740)
• La Commère (1741)
• La Dispute (1744)
• Le Préjugé vaincu (1746)
• La Colonie (1750)
• La Femme fidèle (1750)
• Félicie (1757)
• Les Acteurs de bonne foi (1757)
• La Provinciale (1761)

Journals and Essays[link]

• Lettres sur les habitants de Paris (1717–1718)
• Lettres contenant une aventure
• Pensées sur differents sujets
• Le Spectateur français (1721–1724)
• L'Indigent philosophe (1726)
• Le Cabinet du philosophe (1734)

Novels[link]

• Les Effets surprenants de la sympathie (1713–1714)
• La Voiture embourbée (1714) — an "improvised" novel (roman impromptu)
• Le Bilboquet (1714)
• Le Télémaque travesti (1714)
• L'Homère travesti ou L'Iliade en vers burlesques (1716–1717)
• Pharsamon ou Les Folies romanesques (1737)

Unfinished Novels[link]

• La Vie de Marianne (begun in 1727)
• Le Paysan parvenu (begun in 1735)

Adaptations[link]

Marivaux's play Le Triomphe de l'amour (1732) was filmed in English in 2001 as The Triumph of Love, starring Mira Sorvino, Ben Kingsley, and Fiona Shaw. It is, so far, the only one of Marivaux's plays to ever be filmed in English (there have been many French film and television adaptations of his plays). The film received modestly favourable reviews, but was not a box office success. A 1997 musical stage adaptation had a brief Broadway run.

In the French film L'Esquive (2003), directed by Abdellatif Kechiche, Arab-French adolescents in a Paris suburb prepare and perform Marivaux's play Le Jeu de l'amour et du hasard.

References[link]

•  This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. 

French Wikisource has original text related to this article: Marivaux

External links[link]

• Works by Pierre de Marivaux at Project Gutenberg
• Biography, Bibliography, Analysis, Plot overview (in French)
• Bibliography, Analysis of L'Ile des esclaves (in French)