__NOTOC__ 1996 (MCMXCVI) was a leap year that started on a Monday. In the Gregorian calendar, it was the 1996th year of the Common Era, or of Anno Domini; the 996th year of the 2nd millennium; the 96th year of the 20th century; and the 7th of the 1990s. The year 1996 was designated the International Year for the Eradication of Poverty.

Events

January

January 1 – King Fahd of Saudi Arabia temporarily gives power to Crown Prince Abdullah, his legal successor, due to illness.

January 3 – Motorola introduces the Motorola StarTAC Wearable Cellular Telephone, the world's smallest and lightest mobile phone at that time.

January 4 – Hosni Mubarak, the president of Egypt, appoints a new government in response to accusations of corruption in the parliamentary elections in late 1995.

January 7 – One of the worst blizzards in American history hits the eastern states, killing more than 150 people. Philadelphia, PA receives a record 30.7 inches of snowfall, New York City's public schools close for the first time in 18 years and the federal government in Washington, D.C. is closed for days.

January 8 – A Zairean cargo plane crashes into a crowded market in the center of the capital Kinshasa, killing 350.

January 9 – Art forger Eric Hebborn is assassinated in Rome, Italy.

January 9–January 20 – Serious fighting breaks out between Russian soldiers and rebel fighters in Chechnya.

January 11 – Ryutaro Hashimoto, leader of the Liberal Democratic Party, becomes Prime Minister of Japan.

January 13– Italy's prime minister, Lamberto Dini, resigns after the failure of all-party talks to confirm him. New talks are initiated by president

January 14 – Jorge Sampaio is elected president of Portugal.

January 16 – President of Sierra Leone Valentine Strasser is deposed by the chief of defence, Julius Maada Bio. Bio promises to restore power following elections scheduled for February.

January 19

* The North Cape Oil Spill occurs as an engine fire forces the tugboat Scandia ashore on Moonstone Beach in South Kingstown, Rhode Island. The North Cape Barge is pulled along with it and leaks 820,000 gallons of home heating oil.

* An Indonesian ferry sinks off the northern tip of Sumatra, drowning more than 100 people.

January 20 – Yasser Arafat is re-elected president of the Palestinian Authority.

January 22 – Andreas Papandreou, Prime Minister of Greece, resigns due to health problems; a new government forms under Costas Simitis.

January 24 – Polish Premier Józef Oleksy resigns amid charges that he spied for Moscow. He is replaced by Włodzimierz Cimoszewicz.

January 26 – Whitewater scandal: U.S. First Lady Hillary Rodham Clinton testifies before a grand jury.

January 27 – Colonel Ibrahim Baré Maïnassara deposes the first democratically elected president of Niger, Mahamane Ousmane, in a military coup.

January 29

* President Jacques Chirac announces a "definitive end" to French nuclear testing.

* Fire destroys La Fenice, Venice's opera house.

* Imia-Kardak crisis: A Greek flag is hoisted on a small rocky island named Imia (Greek) / Kardak (Turkish).

January 30 – Irish National Liberation Army leader Gino Gallagher is killed in an internal feud, while in line for his unemployment benefits.

January 30–February 5 – Sarah Balabagan is caned in the United Arab Emirates.

January 31

* An explosives-filled truck rams into the gates of the Central Bank in Colombo, Sri Lanka, killing at least 86 and injuring 1,400.

* An explosion in Shaoyang, China kills 122 and injures over 400 when 10 tons of dynamite in an illegal explosives warehouse underneath an apartment building detonate.

* A bomb planted by the Tamil Tigers explodes in Colombo, killing 88 and injuring hundreds more.

February

February 4 – An earthquake near Lijiang in southwest China, measuring up to 7 on the Richter scale, kills at least 240 people, injures more than 14,000 and makes hundreds of thousands homeless.

February 6 – Birgenair Flight 301, on an unauthorised charter flight from the Caribbean to Germany, crashes into the Atlantic Ocean off the coast of the Dominican Republic, killing all 189 passengers and crew.

February 7 – René Préval succeeds Jean-Bertrand Aristide as president of Haiti, in the first peaceful handover of power since the nation achieved independence.

February 8 – An IRA ceasefire ends with a half-tonne bomb in London's Canary Wharf District, killing 2 and causing over £85 million worth of damage.

February 9 – The element Copernicium is discovered.

February 10

* Chess computer "Deep Blue" defeats world chess champion Garry Kasparov for the first time.

* Bosnian Serbs break off contact with the Bosnian government and with representatives of Ifor, the NATO localised force, in reaction to the arrest of several Bosnian Serb war criminals.

February 14 – Violent clashes erupt between Filipino soldiers and Vietnamese boat people, as the Philippines government attempts to forcibly repatriate hundreds of Vietnamese asylum seekers.

February 15

* In south-west Wales, the oil tanker Sea Empress runs aground, spilling 73,000 tonnes of crude oil, killing many birds.

* The U.S. Embassy in Athens, Greece comes under mortar fire.

A Long March 3 rocket at the Xichang Satellite Launch Center in China crashes into a rural village after liftoff, killing as many as 500.

* Begum Khaleda Zia is reelected as prime minister of Bangladesh. The country's second democratic election is marred by low voter turnout, due to several boycotts and pre-election violence, which result in at least 13 deaths.

* The UK government publishes the Scott Report.

: Long March rocket, with Intelsat 708 satellite, veers upon launch (images from Cox Commission report for U.S. Congress).]]

February 17

* In Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Garry Kasparov beats "Deep Blue" in a second chess match.

* In Irian Jaya, an earthquake of magnitude 7.5 and associated tidal waves kills 102 people and causes widespread devastation.

February 18 – An IRA briefcase bomb in a bus kills the bomber and injures 9 in the West End of London.

February 19 – A wooden ferry capsizes as it enters the port of Cádiz in the Philippines, killing 54 people.

February 21 – King Fahd of Saudi Arabia announces his medical recovery in the national press and assumes power again from his brother, Crown Prince Abdullah.

February 24 – Cuban fighter jets shoot down 2 American aircraft belonging to the Cuban exile group, Brothers to the Rescue. Cuban officials assert that they invaded Cuban airspace.

February 25 – Two suicide bombs in Israel kill 25 and injure 80; Hamas claims responsibility.

February 28 – Canadian singer Alanis Morissette wins the top honor, Album of the Year award, at the 38th Annual Grammy Awards. She is the youngest person to ever win this award, a record she held until 2010.

February 29

* In Lumberton, North Carolina, Daniel Green is convicted of the murder of James Jordan, the father of basketball star Michael Jordan.

* Faucett Flight 251 in route from Lima to Rodriguez Ballon airport crashes into a mountain near Arequipa; all 123 people on board are killed.

* At least 81 people drown when a boat capsizes 120 kilometres east of Kampala, Uganda.

* The Bosnian government declares the end of the Siege of Sarajevo.

March

March 1 – Iraq disarmament crisis: Iraqi forces refuse UNSCOM inspection teams access to 5 sites designated for inspection. The teams enter the sites only after delays of up to 17 hours.

March 2

* Ranabima Royal College is established in Sri Lanka.

* Australian federal election, 1996 is held. Labor's Paul Keating loses to Liberal leader John Howard

March 3 – José María Aznar, leader of the Popular Party, is elected prime minister of Spain, replacing Felipe González.

March 3–March 4 – Two more suicide bombs explode in Israel, killing 32. The Yahya Ayyash Units admit responsibility, and Palestinian president Yasser Arafat condemns the killings in a televised address. Israel warns of retaliation.

March 6

* Mesut Yılmaz, of ANAP forms the new government of Turkey (53rd government)

* A boat carrying market traders capsizes outside Freetown harbour, in Sierra Leone, killing at least 86.

* Chechen rebels attack the Russian government headquarters in Grozny; 70 Russian soldiers and policemen and 130 Chechen fighters are killed.

March 8 – The People's Republic of China begins surface-to-surface missile testing and military exercises off Taiwanese coastal areas. The United States government condemns the act as provocation, and the Taiwanese government warns of retaliation.

March 9 – Jorge Sampaio is the new Portuguese president.

March 11 – John Howard is sworn in as the new Prime Minister of Australia.

March 13 – Dunblane massacre: Unemployed former shopkeeper Thomas Hamilton walks into the Dunblane Primary School in Scotland and opens fire, killing 16 infant school pupils and one teacher before fatally shooting himself.

March 14 – An international peace summit is held in Egypt, in response to escalating terrorist attacks in the Middle East.

March 16 – Robert Mugabe is reelected president of Zimbabwe, although only 32 percent of the electorate actually voted.

March 17 – Sri Lanka wins the Cricket World Cup by storming to a famous victory against the tournament favourite Australia.

March 18 – The Ozone Disco Club fire in Quezon City, Philippines kills 163.

March 20 – The British Government announces that Bovine spongiform encephalopathy has been likely transmitted to people.

March 23 – The Republic of China or Taiwan holds its first direct elections for president; Lee Teng-hui is re-elected.

March 24

* Islamists clash with security forces in Kashmir, killing 11.

* The devastating Marcopper mining disaster on the island of Marinduque, Philippines takes place.

March 25

* An 81-day long standoff begins between antigovernment Freemen and federal officers in Jordan, Montana.

* The 68th Academy Awards, hosted by Whoopi Goldberg, are held at the Dorothy Chandler Pavilion in Los Angeles, California with Braveheart winning Best Picture.

March 26 – The International Monetary Fund approves a $10.2 billion loan to Russia for economic reform.

March 28

* Fire breaks out at the Pasar Anyar shopping centre in Bogor, West Java. The first death toll estimate is 78 until rescuers notice that 68 of them are mannequins.

* Three British soldiers are found guilty of the manslaughter of Danish tour guide Louise Jensen in Cyprus. Allan Ford, Justin Fowler and Geoffrey Pernell receive life sentences for their crime, which was committed in September 1994.

April

April 1

* The Halifax Regional Municipality in Nova Scotia is created.

* An overcrowded ferry sinks off the coast of Irois, Haiti, killing more than 200 people.

April 3

* A Boeing 737 military jet crashes into a mountain north of Dubrovnik, Croatia. All 35 people on board die, including United States Secretary of Commerce Ron Brown (see 1996 Croatia USAF CT-43 crash).

* Suspected "Unabomber" Theodore Kaczynski is arrested at his Montana cabin.

* Massacres of Hutus by Tutsis in Burundi take place, with more than 450 killed in a few days.

April 6

* Fighting breaks out in Monrovia, Liberia between various rebel factions struggling for power in the country's interrupted civil war. Several foreign nationals leave the nation.

* Major League Soccer kicks off in front of an overflow crowd of 31,683 packed in Spartan Stadium, to witness the historic first game. San Jose Clash forward Eric Wynalda scores the league's first goal in a 1–0 victory over D.C. United.

* Turkish authorities begin Operation Hawk, an army offensive against rebels from the Kurdish Worker's Party in southeastern Turkey.

April 11 – The Israeli government launches Operation Grapes of Wrath, consisting of massive attacks on Lebanon, in retaliation for prior terrorist attacks, and sparking off a violent series of retaliations.

April 18

* Qana Massacre: Over 100 Lebanese civilians are killed after Israel shells the UN compound in Qana.

* In reaction to the Qana Massacre, an Islamist group in Egypt open fire on a hotel, killing 18 Greek tourists and injuring 17 others.

April 21 – A general election in Italy proclaims a new government headed by Romano Prodi and his Olive Tree coalition, replacing Silvio Berlusconi.

April 24 – At the urging of Yasser Arafat, the Palestine Liberation Organization drops its clause calling for the removal of Israel. The Israeli government responds by dropping a similar clause concerning the existence of Palestine.

April 26 – Regional security treaty signed by the “Shanghai Five”.

April 28

* Port Arthur massacre: Martin Bryant kills 35 people at the Port Arthur, Tasmania tourist site, Australia.

* A bomb explodes in Bhaiperu, Pakistan, killing more than 60 people.

May

May – Iraq disarmament crisis: UNSCOM supervises the destruction of Al-Hakam, Iraq's main production facility of biological warfare agents.

May 4 – A Sudanese Federal Airlines jet crashes on a domestic flight in a severe dust storm, while making an emergency landing 325 kilometres northeast of Khartoum, killing all 53 passengers and crew.

May 8 – The Keck II telescope is dedicated in Hawaii.

May 9

* South Africa's National Party pulls out of the 2-year-old coalition government, and the African National Congress assumes full political control.

* Ugandan president Yoweri Museveni wins a landslide victory in the country's first direct presidential elections, securing 75% of the vote.

May 10

* 1996 Everest disaster: A sudden storm engulfs Mount Everest with several climbing teams high on the mountain, leaving 8 dead. By the end of the month, at least 4 other climbers die in the worst season of fatalities on the mountain to date.

* The Australian government introduces a nationwide ban on the private possession of both automatic and semi-automatic rifles, in response to the Port Arthur massacre.

* Vietnamese boat people in Hong Kong, facing forced repatriation due to their classification as economic migrants rather than refugees, stage a protest at the Whitehead Detention Centre.

May 11 – After takeoff from Miami, Florida, a fire started by improperly handled oxygen canisters in the cargo hold of Atlanta-bound ValuJet Flight 592, causes the Douglas DC-9 to crash in the Florida Everglades, killing all 110 on board.

May 13 – Severe thunderstorms and a tornado in Bangladesh kill 600.

May 15 – Nine hostages held by the Free Papua Organization in Irian Jaya are rescued after an operation by the Indonesian military; 2 other hostages are later found dead.

May 17–May 28 – Atal Bihari Vajpayee, leader of the Bharatiya Janata Party, is elected the new prime minister of India, replacing P. V. Narasimha Rao of the Indian National Congress. However, the party does not receive an overall majority and Vajpayee resigns 13 days later rather than face a no confidence vote, and is replaced by the United Front, led Deve Gowda.

May 18 – The X Prize Foundation launches the $10 million Ansari X Prize, which is won in 2004, by Burt Rutan's SpaceShipOne.

May 19 – Bosnian Serb President Radovan Karadžić resigns from public office after being indicted for war crimes.

May 20 – Gay rights – Romer v. Evans: The Supreme Court of the United States rules against a law that prevents any city, town or county in the state of Colorado from taking any legislative, executive, or judicial action to protect the rights of homosexuals.

May 21

* The MV Bukoba sinks in Tanzanian waters in Lake Victoria, killing nearly 1,000 in one of Africa's worst maritime disasters.

* The Trappist Martyrs of Atlas are executed.

May 23

* Swede Göran Kropp reaches the Mount Everest summit alone without oxygen, after having bicycled there from Sweden.

* Members of the Armed Islamic Group in Algeria kill 7 French Trappist monks, after talks with French government concerning the imprisonment of several GIA sympathisers break down.

May 25 – Bradley Nowell of the band Sublime dies from a drug O.D.

May 27 – First Chechnya War: Russian President Boris Yeltsin meets with Chechnyan rebels for the first time and negotiates a cease-fire in the war.

May 28 – Albania's general election of May 26 is declared unfair by international monitors, and the ruling Democratic Party under President Sali Berisha is charged by the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe with rigging the elections. Several hundred protestors gather in Tirana to demonstrate against the election result.

May 30

* The Likud Party, led by Benjamin Netanyahu, wins a narrow victory in the Israeli general election.

The Hoover Institution releases an optimistic report that global warming will probably reduce mortality in the United States and provide Americans with valuable benefits.

May 31 – FIFA decides to give the FIFA World Cup 2002, the first World Cup in Asia, to Japan and South Korea, becoming the first World Cup with co-host countries in the history of the event.

June

June – Iraq disarmament crisis: As Iraq continues to refuse inspectors access to a number of sites, the U.S. fails in its attempt to build support for military action against Iraq in the UN Security Council.

June 1–June 3 – The Czech Republic's first general election ends inconclusively. Prime Minister Václav Klaus and his incumbent Civic Democratic Party emerge as the winners, but are unable to form a majority government. President Václav Havel refuses to invite Klaus to form a coalition.

June 4 – The space rocket Ariane 5 explodes 40 seconds after takeoff in French Guiana. The project costs European governments 7.5 billion US dollars over 11 years.

June 6 – Leighton W. Smith, Jr. resigns as NATO commander in the face of increasing criticism.

June 7 – An IRA gang kills Detective Garda Jerry McCabe during a botched armed robbery in Adare, County Limerick.

June 8

* The 10th European Football Championship (UEFA Euro 96) begins in England.

* Steffi Graf defeats Arantxa Sánchez Vicario in the longest ever women's final at the French Open, to win her 19th Grand Slam title.

June 10 – Peace talks begin in Northern Ireland without Sinn Féin.

June 11

* An explosion in a São Paulo suburban shopping centre kills 44 and injures more than 100.

* A peace convoy carrying Chechen separatist leaders and international diplomats is targeted by a series of remotely controlled land mines; 8 are killed.

June 12 – In Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, a panel of federal judges blocks a law against indecency on the internet. The panel says that the 1996 Communications Decency Act would infringe upon the free speech rights of adults.

June 13 – An 81-day standoff between the Montana Freemen and FBI agents ends with their surrender in Montana.

June 15 – In Manchester, UK, a massive IRA bomb injures over 200 people and devastates a large part of the city centre.

June 19 – Boris Yeltsin emerges as the winner in Russia's first round of presidential elections.

June 20 – Thousands of Megawati Sukarnoputri supporters clash with police in Jakarta.

June 23

* The Nintendo 64 video game system is released in Japan.

* Archbishop Desmond Tutu is given an official farewell at his retirement service.

June 25 – The Khobar Towers bombing in Saudi Arabia kills 19 U.S. servicemen.

June 26 – Journalist Veronica Guerin is shot and killed in her car just outside Dublin.

June 28 – A new government is formed in Turkey, with Necmettin Erbakan of Refah Partisi becoming prime minister of the coalition government, and deputy and foreign minister Tansu Çiller of the True Path Party succeeding him after two years.

June 29

* The Prince's Trust concert is held in Hyde Park, London, and is attended by 150,000 people. The Who headlines the event in their first performance since 1989.

* An explosion in a firecrackers factory in Sichuan Province, China kills at least 36 people and injures another 52.

June 30

* Costas Simitis is elected President of the Panhellenic Socialist Movement of Greece.

* Bosnian Serb leader Radovan Karadžić reliquishes power to his deputy, Biljana Plavšić.

* Germany defeats the Czech Republic 2-1 after extra time in the final of the European Championships.

July

July

* Iraq disarmament crisis: U.N. Inspector Scott Ritter attempts to conduct surprise inspections on the Republican Guard facility at the airport, but is blocked by Iraqi officials.

* The Prague Manifesto declares the principles of the Esperanto movement.

* Confrontations occur in Northern Ireland between police and Orange Order protestors at Drumcree Church (see Drumcree conflict).

July 1 – The Northern Territory in Australia legalises voluntary euthanasia.

July 2 – Lyle and Erik Menendez are sentenced to life in prison without the possibility of parole.

July 3 – Boris Yeltsin is reelected as President of Russia after the second round of elections.

July 5 – Dolly the sheep, the first mammal to be successfully cloned from an adult cell, is born at the Roslin Institute in Midlothian, Scotland.

July 8 – Martina Hingis becomes the youngest person in history (age 15 years and 282 days) to win at Wimbledon in the Ladies' Doubles event.

July 11 – Arrest warrants are issued for Bosnian Serb war criminals Radovan Karadžić and Ratko Mladić by the Russell Tribunal in The Hague.

July 12 – Hurricane Bertha: made landfall in North Carolina as a Category 2 storm, causing $270 million in damage to the United States and its possessions and many indirect deaths.

July 13 – A Republican Sinn Féin bomb explodes outside of a hotel in Enniskillen, Northern Ireland, disrupting a wedding reception and injuring 17 people.

July 16 – An outbreak of E. coli food poisoning in Japan reaches 6,000 fatalities, after a group of school children who have eaten contaminated lunches die.

July 17

* Community of Portuguese Language Countries (Comunidade dos Países de Língua Portuguesa) constituted.

* Paris and Rome-bound TWA Flight 800 (Boeing 747) explodes off the coast of Long Island, New York, killing all 230 on board.

* Joe Klein admits that he is "Anonymous", the author of Primary Colors.

July 18 – Howard Hughes is sentenced to life imprisonment at Chester Crown Court for the rape and murder of 7-year-old Sophie Hook at Llandudno 12 months previously. The trial judge recommends that Hughes, 31, should never be released.

July 19

An F3 tornado away from the Westminster, Maryland city center injures 3 people and causes $5 million in damages.

* The 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, Georgia, United States, begin.

* Radovan Karadžić steps down as president of the Serb enclave in Bosnia.

July 21 – Storms provoke severe flooding on Saguenay River in Quebec, in one of Canada's most costly natural disasters.

July 24 – The Dehiwala train bombing kills 56 commuters outside Colombo.

July 25 – The Tutsi-led Burundian army performs a coup and reinstalls previous president Pierre Buyoya, ousting current president Sylvestre Ntibantunganya.

July 27 – The Centennial Olympic Park bombing at the 1996 Summer Olympics kills 1 and injures 111.

July 29 – The child protection portion of the Communications Decency Act (1996) is struck down as too broad by a U.S. federal court.

August

.]]

August 1

* Sarah Balabagan returns to the Philippines.

* A pro-democracy demonstration supporting Megawati Sukarnoputri in Indonesia is broken up by riot police.

August 3 – a Il-76 piloted by a Russian crew was forced down by Taliban fighter plane sparking the Aerostan incident

August 4 – The 1996 Summer Olympics conclude.

August 6

* NASA announces that the ALH 84001 meteorite, thought to originate from Mars, contains evidence of primitive life-forms.

* The Australian census is conducted.

August 7 – Heavy rains kill more than 80 campers near Huesca, Spain.

August 9 – Boris Yeltsin is sworn in at the Kremlin for a second term as President of Russia.

August 11 – The British rock band Oasis plays the biggest free-standing concert in UK history at Knebworth, Hertfordshire.

August 13 – Data sent back by the Galileo space probe indicates there may be water on one of Jupiter's moons.

August 14 – A rocket ignited during a fireworks display in Arequipa, Peru knocks down a high-tension power cable into a dense crowd, electrocuting 35 people.

August 15 – Bob Dole is nominated for President of the United States, and Jack Kemp for Vice President, at the Republican National Convention in San Diego, California.

August 16 – Binti Jua, a world famous gorilla after this incident, saves a three year old boy who fell into the deep gorilla inclosure. Brookfield Zoo, Chicago Illinois

August 20 – A thousands-large protest in Seoul, calling for reunification with North Korea, is broken up by riot police.

August 21 – Former president of South Africa, F. W. de Klerk, makes an official policy for crimes committed under Apartheid to the Truth and Reconciliation Commission in Cape Town.

August 23 – Osama bin Laden writes "The Declaration of Jihad on the Americans Occupying the Country of the Two Sacred Places," a call for the removal of American military forces from Saudi Arabia.

August 26

* Chun Doo-hwan is sentenced to death, after being found guilty of mutiny and treason.

* Bill Clinton signs welfare reform into law.

* Iraqi expatriates seeking refuge hijack a Sudanese airliner en route from Khartoum to Amman.

August 28 – Their Royal Highnesses, the Prince and Princess of Wales, are formally divorced at the High Court of Justice in London. Her Royal Highness The Princess of Wales is restyled Diana, Princess of Wales.

August 29

* U.S. President Bill Clinton and Vice President Al Gore are renominated at the Democratic National Convention in Chicago.

* A Russian Tupolev 143 jetliner crashes into a mountain as it approaches the airport at Spitsbergen, Norway, killing all 141 people on board.

August 30 – Attempted raising of a 15 tonne section of the RMS Titanic failed as 1,700 spectators, including survivors of the wreck watched.

August 31

* Iraq disarmament crisis: Iraqi forces launch an offensive into the northern No-Fly Zone and capture Arbil.

* The Big 12 Conference is inaugurated with a football game between Kansas State University and Texas Tech University in Manhattan, Kansas.

September

September 2 – A permanent peace agreement is signed at the Malacañang Palace between the Government of the Philippines and the Moro National Liberation Front.

September 3 – The U.S. launches Operation Desert Strike against Iraq in reaction to the attack on Arbil.

September 4 – The Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia attack a military base in Guaviare, Colombia, starting 3 weeks of guerrilla warfare that will claim the lives of at least 130 Colombians.

September 10 – Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty (CTBT) signed (it will be ratified 180 days after ratification by 44 Annex 2 countries).

September 14 – Alija Izetbegović is elected president of Bosnia and Herzegovina in the country's first election since the Bosnian War.

September 18 – A North Korean Sang-O class submarine runs aground in South Korea. The crew are described as spies by the South Korean government and killed by the South Korean military.

September 19 – The scoreboard at Buffalo's $127.5 million dollar HSBC Arena falls to the ice just hours before a National Hockey League game; no one is injured.

September 20 – Leader of Pakistani opposition party Pakistan Peoples Party Murtaza Bhutto is killed during a gun battle with police.

September 22 – The Panhellenic Socialist Movement under the leadership of Costas Simitis succeeds in the 1996 Greek legislative election.

September 24 – U.S. President Bill Clinton signs the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty at the United Nations.

September 25 – The last of the Magdalene Asylums is closed in Ireland.

September 27 – In Afghanistan, the Taliban capture the capital city of Kabul, after driving out President Burhanuddin Rabbani and executing former leader Mohammad Najibullah.

October

October 2

* The Electronic Freedom of Information Act Amendments are signed by U.S. President Bill Clinton.

* The former prime minister of Bulgaria, Andrei Lukanov, is assassinated.

* An Aeroperú Boeing 757 crashes into the Pacific Ocean when the instruments fail just after takeoff from Lima Airport, killing all 70 on board.

October 6 – The government of New Zealand agrees to pay $130 million dollars worth of compensation for the loss of land suffered by the Māori population between the years of 1844 and 1864.

October 15 – Several large strikes begin in various industries across Belgium in protest to the dismissal of the magistrate Jean-Marc Connerotte by the Supreme Court.

October 22 – A fire at La Planta prison in southwest Caracas, Venezuela kills 30 prisoners.

October 23 – The O. J. Simpson civil trial begins in Santa Monica, California.

October 30 – Fighting erupts when Banyamulenga Tutsis of Laurent Kabila in Zaire seize Uvira and proceed to kill Hutu refugees.

October 31 – A Brazilian TAM Fokker airliner crashes into a densely populated area of São Paulo, killing 103.

November

November – Iraq disarmament crisis: UNSCOM inspectors uncover buried prohibited missile parts. Iraq refuses to allow UNSCOM teams to remove remnants of missile engines for analysis outside of the country

November 5

* U.S. presidential election, 1996: Democratic incumbent Bill Clinton defeats Republican challenger Bob Dole to win his second term.

* Pakistani prime minister Benazir Bhutto's government is dismissed by President Farooq Leghari after widespread allegations of corruption.

November 7

* A devastating category 4 Cyclone strikes Andhra Pradesh, India. The storm surge sweeps fishing villages out to sea, over 2,000 people die. 95 percent of the crops are completely destroyed.

* NASA launches the Mars Global Surveyor.

November 8 – All 141 people on board a Nigerian-owned Boeing 727 die when the aircraft crashes into the Atlantic Ocean while approaching Lagos airport.

November 12 – Saudi Arabian Airlines Boeing 747 collides in mid-air with Kazakhstan Airlines Il-76, resulting in the loss of 349 lives.

November 15 – State Street in Chicago is re-opened to pedestrian traffic.

November 16 – Mother Teresa receives honorary U.S. citizenship.

November 17

* A bomb explosion in Kaspiysk, Russia kills 32 people.

* Emil Constantinescu is elected president of Romania.

November 18

* World-renowned bird expert Tony Silva is sentenced to 7 years in prison without parole, for leading an illegal parrot smuggling ring.

* Frederick Chiluba is reelected president of Zambia.

November 19

* Martin Bryant is sentenced to 35 consecutive sentences of life imprisonment plus 1035 years without parole for murdering 35 people in a shooting spree in Tasmania earlier this year.

* Preparatory Commission for the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Organization (CTBTO) established.

* STS-80: Space Shuttle Columbia conducts the longest mission of the Space Shuttle program.

November 21

* A propane explosion at the Humberto Vidal shoe store and office building in San Juan, Puerto Rico kills 33.

* Demonstrators in Zagreb demand the survival of Radio 101.

November 23

* The Republic of Angola officially joins the World Trade Organization, as Angola.

* Ethiopian Airlines Flight 961 is hijacked, then crashes into the Indian Ocean off the coast of Comoros after running out of fuel, killing 125.

November 25

* An ice storm strikes the U.S., killing 26 directly, hundreds more from accidents. A powerful windstorm blasts Florida; winds gust to 90 mph.

* The U.S. stock market, especially the Dow Jones Industrial Average, gains at an incredibly fast pace following the 1996 Presidential election. It gains 10 days in a row during the month.

* The APEC Summit opens in the Philippines.

November 26 – The Sands Hotel in Las Vegas is imploded to make way for the Venetian Hotel.

December

December 2

* U.S. President Bill Clinton signs the Electronic Freedom of Information Act Amendments.

* Widespread student pro-democracy protests are broken up in Burma.

December 5 – Federal Reserve Board Chairman Alan Greenspan gives a speech in which he suggests that "irrational exuberance" may have "unduly escalated asset values".

December 9 – Jerry Rawlings is reelected president of Ghana.

December 11 – Tung Chee Hwa is appointed to become the new leader of Hong Kong after it reverts to Chinese rule in 1997.

December 12 – Uday Hussein is seriously injured in an assassination attempt.

December 13 – Kofi Annan is elected by the United Nations Security Council the next Secretary-General of the United Nations.

December 17 – The Túpac Amaru Revolutionary Movement takes 72 hostages in the Japanese Embassy in Lima, Peru.

December 18 – The loi Carrez, or Carrez law governing property transactions was enacted in France

December 20

* HM The Queen advises "an early divorce" to Lady Diana Spencer and Charles, Prince of Wales. The divorce was finalized on 28 August 1996.

* Steve Jobs' company NeXT is bought by Apple Computer, the company co-founded by Jobs.

December 26 – The largest strike in South Korean history begins.

December 25 – JonBenét Ramsey, 6, is murdered in the basement of her parents' home in Boulder, Colorado.

December 27 – Taliban forces retake the strategic Bagram Air Base, which solidifies their buffer zone around Kabul.

December 29 – Guatemala and the leaders of the Guatemalan National Revolutionary Union sign a peace accord that ends a 36-year civil war.

December 30

* In the Indian state of Assam, a passenger train is bombed by Bodo separatists, killing 26.

* Proposed budget cuts by Benjamin Netanyahu spark protests from 250,000 workers, who shut down services across Israel.

December 31

* The Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway is merged with the Burlington Northern Railroad to form the BNSF Railway, making it one of the largest railroad mergers in U.S. history.

* The Hacienda in Las Vegas is imploded to make way for the Mandalay Bay.

Date unknown

The General Motors EV1, the first production electric car of the is launched and becomes available for lease.

The invasive species Asian long-horned beetle is found in New York.

Births

January 5 – Max Baldry, English/Russian actor

January 31 – Joel Courtney, American actor

February 7 – Mai Hagiwara, Japanese singer

February 9 – Jimmy Bennett, American actor

February 17 – Sasha Pieterse, South African/American actress

April 14 – Abigail Breslin, American actress

April 25 – Allisyn Ashley Arm, American actress

June 13 – Kodi Smit-McPhee, Australian actor

August 7 – Liam James, Canadian actor

September 1 – Zendaya, American actress

November 18 – Noah Ringer, American actor

December 11 – Hailee Steinfeld, American actress

Deaths

January

January 1 – Arleigh Burke, U.S Navy Admiral and Chief of Naval Operations (b.1901)

January 2 – Karl Targownik, Hungarian psychiatrist and Holocaust survivor (b. 1915)

January 5

* Yahya Ayyash, Palestinian terrorist (b. 1966)

* Lincoln Kirstein, American writer and impressario (b. 1907)

January 8 – François Mitterrand, President of France (b. 1916)

January 9

* Fearless Nadia, Indian actress and stuntwoman (b. 1908)

* Sultan Rahi, Pakistani film actor (b. 1938)

January 15

* Les Baxter, American musician and composer (b. 1922)

* Paramount Chief Moshoeshoe II of Lesotho (b. 1938)

* Amber Hagerman, American murder victim and namesake for the AMBER alert system (b. 1986)

January 17 – Barbara Jordan, American politician (b. 1936)

January 18

* Leonor Fini, Argentine artist (b. 1908)

* Endel Puusepp, Soviet Estonian World War II pilot (b. 1909)

* Nandamuri Taraka Rama Rao, Indian (Telugu) film actor (b. 1923)

January 19 – Don Simpson, American film producer (b. 1943)

January 20 – Gerry Mulligan, American musician (b. 1927)

January 25 – Jonathan Larson, American composer and playwright (b. 1960)

January 26 – Duke Georg Alexander of Mecklenburg, head of the House of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (b. 1921)

January 28

* Joseph Brodsky, Russian-born poet, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1940)

* Jerry Siegel, American cartoonist (b. 1914)

January 31 – Gustave Solomon, American mathematician and engineer (b. 1930)

February

February 2 – Gene Kelly, American actor and dancer (b. 1912)

February 3 – Audrey Meadows, American actress (b. 1926)

February 6 – Guy Madison, American actor (b. 1922)

February 7 – Boris Alexandrovich Tchaikovsky, Russian composer (b. 1925)

February 11

* Kebby Musokotwane, Prime Minister of Zambia (b. 1946)

* Cyril Poole, English cricketer (b. 1921)

* Phil Regan, American actor (b. 1906)

* Amelia Rosselli, Italian poet (b. 1930)

February 12 – Bob Shaw, Irish writer (b. 1931)

February 13 – Martin Balsam, American actor (b. 1919)

February 14

* Eva Hart, British survivor of RMS Titanic (b. 1905)

* Bob Paisley, English football manager (b. 1919)

February 15

* Tommy Rettig, American actor (b. 1941)

* McLean Stevenson, American actor (b. 1929)

February 16

* Pat Brown, Governor of California (b. 1905)

* Brownie McGhee, American musician (b. 1915)

* Roger Bowen, American actor (b. 1932)

February 17 – Evelyn Laye, British actress (b. 1900)

February 20 – Tōru Takemitsu, Japanese composer (b. 1930)

February 21 – Morton Gould, American musician and composer (b. 1913)

February 23 – Helmut Schon, German football player and manager (b. 1915)

February 25 – Haing S. Ngor, Cambodian actor (b. 1940)

February 26 – Mieczysław Weinberg, Polish composer (b. 1919)

February 27

* Sarah Palfrey Cooke, American tennis champion (b. 1912)

* Pat Smythe, British showjumper and author (b. 1928)

March

March 2 – Lyle Talbot, American actor (b. 1902)

March 3 – Marguerite Duras, French author and director (b. 1914)

March 4 – Minnie Pearl, American comedian (b. 1912)

March 9 – George Burns, American actor and singer (b. 1896)

March 10 – Ross Hunter, American film producer (b. 1920)

March 11 – Vince Edwards, American actor (b. 1928)

March 13 – Krzysztof Kieślowski, Polish film director (b. 1941)

March 15 – Olga Rudge, American violinist (b. 1895)

March 16 – Charlie Barnett, American actor (b. 1954)

March 17 – René Clément, French film director (b. 1913)

March 18 – Odysseas Elytis, Greek writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1911)

March 19

* Virginia Henderson, American nurse theorist (b. 1897)

* Chen Jingrun, Chinese mathematician (b. 1933)

March 25 – John Snagge, British radio personality (b. 1904)

March 26

* Edmund Muskie, American politician (b. 1914)

* David Packard, American engineer (b. 1912)

March 29 – Frank Daniel, Czech-born writer, director, producer, teacher (b. 1926)

March 31 – Jeffrey Lee Pierce, American musician (b. 1958)

April

April 3

* Carl Stokes, American politician (b. 1927)

* Herk Harvey, American film director (b. 1924)

April 4

* Barney Ewell, American athlete (b. 1918)

* Boone Guyton, American test pilot (b. 1913)

* Larry LaPrise, American songwriter (b. 1912)

April 6

* John D. Bulkeley, U.S. Navy Vice Admiral, and Medal of Honor recipient (b. 1911)

* Greer Garson, English actress (b. 1904)

April 8

* George W. Jenkins, American businessman (b. 1907)

* Ben Johnson, American actor (b. 1918)

April 16 – Lucille Bremer, American actress (b. 1917)

April 20 – Jon Pertwee, English Actor (b. 1919)

April 20 – Christopher Robin Milne, English author and bookseller (b. 1920)

April 21 – Dzhokhar Dudayev, Chechen President (b. 1944)

April 22 – Erma Bombeck, American humorist and writer (b. 1927)

April 23 – P. L. Travers, Australian writer (b. 1899)

April 25 – Saul Bass, American graphic designer (b. 1920)

April 26 – Stirling Silliphant, American screenwriter and producer (b. 1918)

May

May 1 – Luana Patten, American actor (b. 1938)

May 3 – Jack Weston, American actor (b. 1924)

May 11

* Nnamdi Azikiwe, President of Nigeria (b. 1904)

* Rob Hall, New Zealand mountaineer (b. 1961)

May 15 – Charles B. Fulton, American judge (b. 1910)

May 17

* Kevin Gilbert, American musician, composer, and record producer (b. 1966)

* Scott Brayton, American race car driver (b. 1959)

May 20 – Jon Pertwee, British actor (b. 1919)

May 21

* Paul Delph, American musician and producer (b. 1957)

* Lash La Rue, American actor (b. 1917)

May 22 – Seymour H. Knox III, hockey team owner (b. 1926)

May 24

* Jacob Druckman, American composer (b. 1928)

* Joseph Mitchell, American writer (b. 1908)

* Enrique Álvarez Félix, Mexican actor (b. 1934)

May 25 – Brad Nowell, American musician (b. 1968)

May 29 – Tamara Toumanova, Russian dancer and actress (b. 1919)

May 31 – Timothy Leary, American writer, psychologist, and advocate of psychedelic drug research and use (b. 1920)

June

June 2

* John Alton, American cinematographer (b. 1901)

* Ray Combs, American game show host, and comedian (b. 1956)

* Leon Garfield, English children's author (b. 1921)

June 3 – Peter Glenville, English film director (b. 1913)

June 5 – Vito Scotti, American character actor (b. 1918)

June 6

* Kusuo Kitamura, Japanese Olympic swimmer (b. 1917)

* George Davis Snell, American geneticist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1903)

June 10

* Marie-Louise von Motesiczky, Austrian painter (b. 1906)

* Jo Van Fleet, American actress (b. 1914)

June 15 – Ella Fitzgerald, American singer (b. 1917)

June 16 – Mel Allen, American sportscaster (b. 1913)

June 19

* G. David Schine, American businessman (b. 1927)

* Hillevi Rombin, Miss Universe 1955 (b. 1933)

June 23 – Andreas Papandreou, Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1919)

June 26 – Veronica Guerin, Irish journalist (b. 1958)

June 27 – Albert R. Broccoli, American film producer (b. 1909)

July

July 1

* William T. Cahill, America politician (b. 1912)

* Margaux Hemingway, American fashion model and actress (b. 1955)

July 3 – Raaj Kumar, Indian film actor (b. 1926)

July 5 – Erik Wickberg, Salvation Army general (b. 1904)

July 9 – Eno Raud, Estonian children's writer (b. 1928)

July 12

* John Chancellor, American journalist (b. 1927)

* Jonathan Melvoin, American musician (b. 1961)

July 13 – Pandro S. Berman, American film producer (b. 1905)

July 14 – Jeff Krosnoff, American race car driver (b. 1964)

July 15 – Dana Hill, American actress (b. 1964)

July 20 – František Plánička, Czech footballer (b. 1904)

July 21 – Herb Edelman, American actor (b. 1933)

July 22 – Jessica Mitford, Anglo-American writer (b. 1917)

July 23 – Aliki Vougiouklaki, Greek actress (b. 1933)

July 27 – Jane Drew, English architect (b. 1911)

July 28 – Roger Tory Peterson, American naturalist and artist (b. 1908)

July 29 – Jason Thirsk, American bass player (b. 1967)

July 30 – Claudette Colbert, American actress (b. 1903)

August

August 1 – Tadeus Reichstein, Polish-born chemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1897)

August 2 – Obdulio Varela, Uruguayan footballer (b. 1917)

August 8 – Nevill Francis Mott, English physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1905)

August 11

* Rafael Kubelík, Czech-born conductor (b. 1914)

* Vanga, Bulgarian prophet, mystic, clairvoyant and herbalist (b. 1911)

August 12 – Viktor Hambardzumyan, Soviet Armenian scientist (b. 1908)

August 13 – David Tudor, American pianist and composer (b. 1926)

August 14 – Camilla Horn, German actress (b. 1903)

August 20 – Rio Reiser, German rock musician and singer (b. 1950)

August 27 – Greg Morris, American actor (b. 1933)

August 31 – Blaine Johnson, American racecar driver (b. 1962)

September

September 1 – Vagn Holmboe, Danish composer (b. 1909)

September 7 – Bibi Besch, Austrian-American actress (b. 1940)

September 9 – Bill Monroe, American "father of bluegrass" music (b. 1911)

September 10

* Joanne Dru, American actress (b. 1922)

* Hans List, Austrian inventor and automotive pioneer (b. 1896)

September 13 – Tupac Shakur, American rapper and actor also known as "2Pac" (b. 1971)

September 14 – Juliet Prowse, American dancer and actress (b. 1936)

September 15 – Ottis Toole, American serial killer (b. 1947)

September 16 – Gene Nelson, American dance and actor (b. 1920)

September 17 – Spiro Agnew, American politician, 39th Vice President of the United States (b. 1918)

September 18 – Annabella, French actress (b. 1907)

September 20

* Paul Erdős, Hungarian mathematician (b. 1911)

* Max Manus, Norwegian resistance fighter during World War II (b. 1914)

September 21

* Henri Nouwen, Dutch Catholic priest and author (b. 1932)

* Geoffrey Wilkinson, English chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1926)

September 22 – Dorothy Lamour, American actress (b. 1914)

September 23 – Fujiko F. Fujio, Japanese cartoonist (b. 1933)

September 26 – Nicu Ceauşescu, son of Romanian leader Nicolae Ceauşescu (b. 1951)

September 28 – Mohammad Najibullah, former President of Afghanistan (b. 1947)

September 29 – Leslie Crowther, British TV comedian and game show host (b. 1933)

October

October 1 – Pat McGeown, Provisional Irish Republican Army member (b. 1956)

October 4

* Silvio Piola, Italian footballer (b. 1913)

* Larry Gene Bell, American convicted felon (b. 1949)

* Masaki Kobayashi, Japanese film director (b. 1916)

October 6 – Ted Bessell, American actor (b. 1935)

October 8 – William Prince, American actor (b. 1913)

October 12 – René Lacoste, French tennis champion (b. 1904)

October 13 – Beryl Reid, British actress (b. 1919)

October 14 – Laura La Plante, American actress (b. 1904)

October 16

* Eric Malpass, English novelist (b. 1910)

* Jason Bernard, American actor (b. 1938)

October 24

* Arthur Axmann, Nazi German Hitler Youth leader (b. 1913)

* Sorley MacLean, Scottish poet (b 1911)

October 27 – Morey Amsterdam, American actor and comedian (b. 1908)

October 30 – John Young, British actor (Monty Python) (b. 1916)

October 31 – Marcel Carné, French film director (b. 1909)

November

November 1 – Junius Richard Jayewardene, former President of Sri Lanka (b. 1906)

November 2 – Eva Cassidy, American vocalist (b. 1963)

November 3

* Abdullah Çatlı, Turkish nationalist (b. 1956)

* Jean-Bédel Bokassa of Central African Republic/Empire (b. 1921)

November 5 – Eddie Harris, American Jazz musician (b. 1934)

November 10 – Imam Alimsultanov, Chechen bard (b. 1957)

November 12 – Peter Leeds, American actor (b. 1917)

November 14 – Virginia Cherrill, American actress (b. 1908)

November 15 – Alger Hiss, American State Department official (b. 1904)

November 18 – Zinovi Gerdt, Russian actor (b. 1916)

November 21 – Abdus Salam, Pakistani physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1926)

November 22 – María Casares, French-Spanish actress (b. 1922)

November 26

* Mark Lenard, American actor (b. 1924)

* Paul Rand, American graphic designer (b. 1914)

November 28 – Don McNeill, American tennis champion (b. 1918)

November 30 – Tiny Tim, American musician (b. 1932)

December

December 3 – Babrak Karmal, President of Afghanistan (b. 1929)

December 6 – Pete Rozelle, American commissioner of the National Football League (b. 1926)

December 8 – Howard Rollins, American actor (b. 1950)

December 9 – Mary Leakey, British archaeologist (b. 1913)

December 10 – Faron Young, American singer (b. 1932)

December 11 – Willie Rushton, English comedian, actor, and cartoonist (b. 1937)

December 13 – Clarence Wijewardena, Sri Lankan musician (b. 1943)

December 16 – Quentin Bell, English biographer and art historian (b. 1910)

December 17 – Stanko Todorov, Bulgarian communist politician (b. 1920)

December 18 – Irving Caesar, American lyricist (b. 1895)

December 19 – Marcello Mastroianni, Italian actor (b. 1924)

December 20 – Carl Sagan, American astronomer (b. 1934)

December 21 – Margret Rey, American children's author and illustrator (b. 1906)

December 25 – JonBenét Ramsey, child beauty queen and murder victim (b. 1990)

December 29 – Mireille Hartuch, French singer (b. 1906)

December 30 – Lew Ayres, American actor (b. 1908)

Nobel Prizes

Physics – David M. Lee, Douglas D. Osheroff, Robert C. Richardson

Chemistry – Robert Curl, Sir Harold Kroto, Richard Smalley

Medicine – Peter C. Doherty, Rolf M. Zinkernagel

Literature – Wisława Szymborska

Peace – Carlos Filipe Ximenes Belo and José Ramos-Horta

Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel – James Mirrlees, William Vickrey

Right Livelihood Award

Herman Daly, The Committee of Soldiers' Mothers of Russia, Kerala Sasthra Sahithya Parishad and George Vithoulkas

References

CNN - 1996 Year in Review - CNN

Name	Marilyn Manson
Landscape	Yes
Background	solo_singer
Genre	Rock
Birth name	Brian Hugh Warner
Born	January 05, 1969Canton, Ohio, U.S.
Instrument	Vocals, guitar, bass, keyboards, drums, pan flute, percussion
Occupation	Singer-songwriter, musician, artist, poet, film director, actor
Years active	1989–present
Label	Cooking Vinyl, Nothing, Interscope
Associated acts	Marilyn Manson, Satan on Fire, Nine Inch Nails, Mrs. Scabtree, Jack Off Jill
Signature	Signature of Marilyn Manson.png
Signature alt	Cursive signature in ink

Brian Hugh Warner (born January 5, 1969), better known by his stage name Marilyn Manson, is an American musician and artist known for his controversial stage persona and image as the lead singer of the eponymous band, Marilyn Manson. His stage name was formed from juxtaposing the names of two 1960's American cultural icons, namely, actress Marilyn Monroe and convicted multiple murder mastermind Charles Manson as a critical and, simultaneously, laudatory appraisal of America and its peculiar culture. He has a long legacy of being depicted in the media as a detrimental influence on children. The seemingly outrageous styles for which he models and the controversy surrounding his lyrics have led to his very pronounced public appeal.

Early life

Marilyn Manson was born as Brian Hugh Warner in Canton, Ohio, the only child of Barb (née Wyer) and Hugh Warner. As a child, he attended his mother's Episcopalian church, though his father was Catholic. Warner attended Heritage Christian School from first grade to tenth grade. He later transferred to Cardinal Gibbons High School in Fort Lauderdale, Florida. Manson graduated from high school in 1987, and became a student at Broward Community College in 1990. He was working towards a degree in journalism, and was gaining experience in the field by writing music articles for a South Florida lifestyle magazine, 25th Parallel. He would soon meet several of the musicians to whom his own band would later be compared, including My Life With the Thrill Kill Kult and Trent Reznor of Nine Inch Nails.

Career

Music

Manson formed Marilyn Manson & the Spooky Kids in Florida in 1989 (the name was shortened to Marilyn Manson in 1992). While with The Spooky Kids, he was involved with Jeordie White (also known as Twiggy Ramirez) and Stephen Gregory Bier Jr. (also known as Madonna Wayne Gacy) in two side-projects: Satan on Fire, a faux-Christian metal ensemble where he played bass guitar, and drums in Mrs. Scabtree, a collaborative band formed with White and then girlfriend Jessicka (vocalist with the band Jack Off Jill) as a way to combat contractual agreements that prohibited Marilyn Manson from playing in certain clubs. In the summer of 1993, the band drew the attention of Trent Reznor. Reznor produced their 1994 debut album, Portrait of an American Family and released it on his Nothing Records label. The band began to develop a cult following, which grew larger with the release of Smells Like Children in 1995. That EP yielded the band's first big MTV hit with "Sweet Dreams (Are Made Of This)", a cover of the 1983 Eurythmics hit. Antichrist Superstar (co-produced by Trent Reznor) was an even greater success.

In the US alone, three of the band's albums have been awarded platinum certification, three more gold, and the band has had three releases debut in the top ten, including two number-one albums. Manson first worked as a producer with the band Jack Off Jill. He helped name the band and produce most of the band's early recordings, and also played guitar on the song "My Cat" and had the band open most of his South Florida shows. Manson later wrote the liner notes to the band's album Humid Teenage Mediocrity 1992-1995, a collection of early Jack Off Jill recordings. Manson has appeared as a guest performer on DMX's album Flesh of My Flesh, Blood of My Blood and on Godhead's 2000 Years of Human Error album — the only album released on his vanity label Posthuman.

In 2010 Manson was featured in the Motionless in White song, "London in Terror".

Film and television

.]] Manson made his film debut in 1997, as an actor in David Lynch's Lost Highway. Since then he has appeared in a variety of minor roles and cameos, including Party Monster; then-girlfriend Rose McGowan's 1998 film Jawbreaker; Asia Argento's 2004 film The Heart Is Deceitful Above All Things; ; and , the sixth installment in the BMW Films series. He was interviewed in Michael Moore's political documentary Bowling for Columbine discussing possible motivations for the Columbine massacre and allegations that his music was somehow a factor. He has appeared in animated form in Clone High and participated in several episodes of the MTV series Celebrity Deathmatch, becoming the show's unofficial champion and mascot; he often performed the voice for his claymated puppet, and contributed the song "Astonishing Panorama of the Endtimes" to the soundtrack album. In July 2005, Manson told Rolling Stone that he was shifting his focus from music to filmmaking - "I just don't think the world is worth putting music into right now. I no longer want to make art that other people — particularly record companies — are turning into a product. I just want to make art."

Johnny Depp reportedly used Manson as his inspiration for his performance as Willy Wonka in the film Charlie and the Chocolate Factory. Manson himself expressed interest in playing the role of Willy Wonka in the film.

He has been working on his directorial debut, , In the film, he plays Lewis Carroll, author of Alice's Adventures in Wonderland. Rather than a web-only release, he decided to give the estimated $4.2 million budget film a conventional cinema release, originally slated for mid-2007. The film was to have an original music soundtrack with previously unreleased songs. Production of the film had been postponed until an undefined period following the Eat Me, Drink Me tour, and were consqeuently cancelled due to its violent contents. Manson will portray metalband frontman Lars in the upcoming Slasher Splatter Sisters.

Art

Manson claimed in a 2004 interview with i-D magazine to have begun his career as a watercolor painter in 1999 when he made five-minute concept pieces and sold them to drug dealers. On September 13–14, 2002, his first show, The Golden Age of Grotesque, was held at the Los Angeles Contemporary Exhibitions Centre. Art in America's Max Henry likened them to the works of a "psychiatric patient given materials to use as therapy" and said his work would never be taken seriously in a fine-art context, writing that the value was "in their celebrity, not the work". On September 14–15, 2004, Manson held a second exhibition on the first night in Paris and the second in Berlin. The show was named ‘Trismegistus’ which was also the title of the center piece of the exhibit – a large, three-headed Christ painted onto an antique wood panel from a portable embalmers table.

Manson named his self-proclaimed art movement Celebritarian Corporation. He has coined a slogan for the movement: “We will sell our shadow to those who stand within it.” In 2005 he said that the Celebritarian Corporation has been "incubating for seven years" which if correct would indicate that Celebritarian Corporation, in some form, started in 1998.

Celebritarian Corporation is also the namesake of an art gallery owned by Manson, called the Celebritarian Corporation Gallery of Fine Art in Los Angeles for which his third exhibition was the inaugural show. From April 2–17, 2007, his recent works were on show at the Space 39 Modern & Contemporary in Florida. 40 pieces from this show traveled to Germany's Gallery Brigitte Schenk in Cologne to be publicly exhibited from June 28 - July 28, 2007. Manson was refused admittance to Kölner Dom (Cologne Cathedral), when he was in the city to attend the opening night. This was, according to Manson, due to his makeup.

Manson revealed a series of twenty paintings in 2010 entitled Genealogies of Pain, an exhibition the artist collaborated on with David Lynch. The series is being showcased in Vienna's Kunsthalle gallery.

Personal life

Manson made an appearance in the video game Area 51 as Edgar, a Grey Alien. His song "Cruci-Fiction In Space" is featured in a commercial for a video game, The Darkness. His likeness is also featured on the Celebrity Deathmatch video game for which he recorded a song for the soundtrack (2003). The song "Use your fist and not your mouth" was the credits score of the game Cold Fear as well as . Manson launched "Mansinthe," his own brand of Swiss made absinthe, which has received mixed reviews ranging from critics who compared the drink's odor to sewage water and described the taste as being "as bad as piss" to coming second to Versinthe in an Absinthe top 5 and winning a Gold medal at the 2008 San Francisco World Spirits Competition. Prior to his relationship with Dita Von Teese, he was in a relationship with Michele Greenberg. He then was engaged to actress Rose McGowan. In 2007, attention was brought to Manson's love life again when a relationship with True Blood actress Evan Rachel Wood was made public. Manson and Wood reportedly maintained an on-again off-again relationship for several years. Manson proposed to Wood during a Paris stage performance in January 2010, but the couple broke off the engagement later that year. After media comments from Manson that he wears his signature black leather pants 24/7, animal rights group PETA added Manson to PETA’s ‘Worst-Dressed Celebrities of 2008’.

Marriage to Dita Von Teese

Manson and Dita Von Teese first met when he asked her to dance in one of his music videos. Though she was unable to, the two kept in contact. On his 32nd birthday they became a couple. He proposed on March 22, 2004 and gave her a 1930s-era, , European round-cut diamond engagement ring. On November 28, 2005, Manson and von Teese were married in a private, non-denominational ceremony in their home. A larger ceremony was held on December 3, at Gurteen Castle, in Kilsheelan, County Tipperary, Ireland, the home of their friend, Gottfried Helnwein. The wedding was officiated by surrealist film director and comic book writer Alejandro Jodorowsky.

On December 30, 2006 Von Teese filed for divorce due to "irreconcilable differences." ET.com and People claimed that Manson was having an extramarital affair with then 19-year-old actress Evan Rachel Wood, who is to co-star in his horror film , and features in the video for his 2007 single, "Heart-Shaped Glasses." The relationship was confirmed by Von Teese in an interview with the Sunday Telegraph, "I get the impression he thinks I was unsupportive, but the truth is I wasn't supportive of his lifestyle, and someone else came along who was." Manson's alcohol abuse and distant behavior were also cited as cause for the split. A judgement of divorce was entered in Los Angeles Superior Court on December 27, 2007.

Lawsuits

In a civil battery suit, David Diaz, a security officer from a concert in Minneapolis, Minnesota, on October 27, 2000, sued for $75,000 in a Minneapolis federal court. The federal court jury found in Manson's favor.

In a civil suit presented by Oakland County, Michigan, Manson was charged with sexual misconduct against another security officer, Joshua Keasler, during a concert in Clarkston, Michigan, on July 30, 2001. Oakland County originally filed assault and battery and criminal sexual misconduct charges, but the judge reduced the latter charge to misdemeanor disorderly conduct. Manson pleaded no contest to the reduced charges, paid a $4,000 fine, and later settled the lawsuit under undisclosed terms.

On April 3, 2002, Maria St. John filed in Los Angeles Superior Court accusing Manson of providing her adult daughter, Jennifer Syme, with cocaine and instructing her to drive while under the influence. After attending a party at Manson's house, Syme was given a lift home; Manson claims she was taken home by a designated driver.

On August 2, 2007, former band member Stephen "Pogo/Madonna Wayne Gacy" Bier filed a lawsuit against Manson for unpaid "partnership proceeds," seeking $20 million in back pay. Several details from the lawsuit leaked to the press. In November 2007, additional papers were filed saying that Manson purchased a child's skeleton and masks made of human skin. He also allegedly bought stuffed animals, such as a grizzly bear and two baboons and a collection of Nazi memorabilia. In December 2007, Manson countersued, claiming that Bier failed to fulfill his duties as a bandmember to play for recordings and to promote the band.

Discography

Portrait of an American Family (1994)

Antichrist Superstar (1996)

Mechanical Animals (1998)

Holy Wood (In the Shadow of the Valley of Death) (2000)

The Golden Age of Grotesque (2003)

Eat Me, Drink Me (2007)

The High End of Low (2009)

Filmography

S.F.W. ("Get Your Gunn" featured on soundtrack)

Lost Highway (as Porno Star #1, "Apple of Sodom" & "I Put a Spell on You" included on soundtrack) (1997)

Spawn ("Long Hard Road out of Hell" included on soundtrack) (1997)

Private Parts ("Suck for Your Solution" included on soundtrack) (1997)

Nowhere ("Kiddie Grinder (Remix)" included on soundtrack) (1997)

Dead Man on Campus ("Golden Years" included on soundtrack) (1998)

The Matrix ("Rock is Dead" included on soundtrack) (1999)

Jawbreaker (as The Stranger) (1999)

Detroit Rock City ("Highway to Hell" included on soundtrack) (1999)

("Suicide is Painless" included on soundtrack) (2000)

Valentine ("Valentine's Day" included on soundtrack) (2001)

From Hell ("The Nobodies (Wormwood Remix)" included on soundtrack) (2001)

Not Another Teen Movie ("Tainted Love" included on soundtrack) (2001)

Resident Evil (Composer, 2002)

Bowling for Columbine (interview, 2002)

Queen of the Damned (Vocals on "Redeemer" included on soundtrack) (2002)

(as Himself) (2003)

Party Monster (as Christina) (2003)

Doppelherz (Director, Composer) 2003)

The Heart Is Deceitful Above All Things (as Jackson) (2004)

Area 51 (as voice of Edgar) (2005)

Saw II ("Irresponsible Hate Anthem (Venus Head Trap Mix)" included on soundtrack) (2005)

House of Wax ("Dried Up, Tied and Dead to the World" included on soundtrack) (2005)

Living Neon Dreams (2006)

Rise: Blood Hunter (as Bartender) (2006)

King Shot (2009)

Gamer ("Sweet Dreams (Are Made of This)" included on soundtrack) (2009)

(as Lewis Carroll, Director, Writer, Composer) (2010)

Tim and Eric Awesome Show, Great Job! (as The Dark Man) (2010)

Splatter Sisters (Actor, Composer) (2011)

Vampires Suck ("If I Was Your Vampire" included on soundtrack) (2010)

Books

The Long Hard Road Out of Hell (1998)

Holy Wood Unreleased

Appearances in other media

In an episode of Metalocalypse called Regionklok, Manson was featured as the priest of a Satanist church, telling the fellow satanists not to forget to pick their trash up and to not park by the neighbors house, due to towing.

Season 2, Episode 18 of South Park features Trey Parker doing a parody of Marilyn Manson singing "Stinky Britches"

Episode 2 of Clone High portrays Marilyn Manson singing a song about the Food Pyramid

Season 5, Episode 4 of Family Guy portrays Marilyn Manson informing Chris Griffin of nutrition

In the final episode of the fourth season of Mr. Show David Cross portrays the character "Marilyn Monster" in a sketch.

In The X-Files Season 8, Episode 17 the characters Detective Potter and Agent Reyes discuss Marilyn Manson after finding his cd at the desk of a suspect.

Andy Dick created the character "Marilyn Poppins" for The Andy Dick Show as a satirical homage to Marilyn Manson

Manson was characterized in the British TV Series Bo' Selecta! during Series 4, Bo! in the USA.

During Season 4 of Madtv Pat Kilbane portrayed Marilyn Manson in episodes 406 & 407 for a Kenny Rogers sketch and Lowered Expectations sketch respectively.

MTV's Cartoon Sushi featured a clip of Marilyn Manson and Charles Manson in a celebrity fight to the death. This later spawned the series Celebrity Deathmatch in which Marilyn Manson continued his appearances crashing the fight between Hanson vs. The Spice Girls in the "Deathbowl '98", as well as his deathmatch with Garth Brooks in Season 1, Episode 6. His final match against Ricky Martin occurred when Martin interrupted a performance by Manson's band. Celebrity Deathmatch was made into a video game in 2003 featuring Marilyn Manson as a playable character.

Marilyn Manson is mentioned in Method Man's song "Well All Rite Cha", Outkast's song "Y'all Scared", Shop Boyz' song "Party Like a Rockstar", Dead Celebrity Status' song "In My Backyard", Wyclef Jean's song "Where Fugees At?", D12's songs "These Drugs" & "Blow My Buzz", Xzibit's song "3 Card Molly", Bizzy Bone's song "Social Studios", Slaughterhouse's song "The One", Nicki Minaj's song "Higher Than a Kite", Big & Rich's song "Comin' to Your City", Lonestar's song "Don't Let's Talk About Lisa", Princess Superstar's song "I Love You (Or at Least I Like You)", The Ataris' song "The Radio Still Sucks", Bowling for Soup's song "Luckiest Loser", Thousand Foot Krutch's song "Unbelievable", Relient K's song "My Girlfriend", Eminem's songs "When the Music Stops," "Still Don't Give a Fuck" & "The Way I Am" as well as New Radicals' song "You Get What You Give". Both latter songs generated interest from Manson.

References

External links

Official website

NACHTKABARETT

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