Events

70 – Siege of Jerusalem: Titus and his Roman legions breach the Second Wall of Jerusalem. The Jewish defenders retreat to the First Wall. The Romans build a circumvallation, cutting down all trees within fifteen kilometers.

1416 – The Council of Constance, called by the Emperor Sigismund, a supporter of Antipope John XXIII, burns Jerome of Prague following a trial for heresy.

1431 – Hundred Years' War: in Rouen, France, 19-year-old Joan of Arc is burned at the stake by an English-dominated tribunal. Because of this the Catholic Church remember this day as the celebration of Saint Joan of Arc.

1434 – Hussite Wars (Bohemian Wars): Battle of Lipany – effectively ending the war, Utraquist forces led by Diviš Bořek of Miletínek defeat and almost annihilate Taborite forces led by Prokop the Great.

1536 – King Henry VIII of England marries Jane Seymour, a lady-in-waiting to his first two wives.

1539 – In Florida, Hernando de Soto lands at Tampa Bay with 600 soldiers with the goal of finding gold.

1574 – Henry III becomes King of France.

1588 – The last ship of the Spanish Armada sets sail from Lisbon heading for the English Channel.

1631 – Publication of La Gazette, first French newspaper.

1635 – Thirty Years' War: the Peace of Prague (1635) is signed.

1642 – From this date all honors granted by Charles I are retrospectively annulled by Parliament.

1806 – Andrew Jackson kills Charles Dickinson in a duel after Dickinson had accused Jackson's wife of bigamy.

1814 – Napoleonic Wars: War of the Sixth Coalition – the Treaty of Paris (1814) is signed returning French borders to their 1792 extent. Napoleon Bonaparte is exiled to Elba.

1815 – The East Indiaman ship Arniston is wrecked during a storm at Waenhuiskrans, near Cape Agulhas, present-day South Africa, with the loss of 372 lives.

1832 – End of the Hambach Festival in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.

1832 – The Rideau Canal in eastern Ontario is opened.

1834 – Joaquim António de Aguiar issue a law extinguishing "all convents, monasteries, colleges, hospices and any other houses of the regular religious orders", earning him the nickname of "The Friar-Killer".

1842 – John Francis attempts to murder Queen Victoria as she drives down Constitution Hill, London with Prince Albert.

1854 – The Kansas-Nebraska Act becomes law establishing the US territories of Nebraska and Kansas.

1859 – Westminster's Big Ben rang for the first time in London.

1868 – Decoration Day (the predecessor of the modern "Memorial Day") is observed in the United States for the first time (By "Commander-in-chief of the Grand Army of the Republic" John A. Logan's proclamation on May 5).

1871 – The Paris Commune falls.

1876 – Ottoman sultan Abd-ul-Aziz is deposed and succeeded by his nephew Murat V.

1879 – New York, New York's Gilmores Garden is renamed Madison Square Garden by William Henry Vanderbilt and is opened to the public at 26th Street and Madison Avenue.

1883 – In New York City, a rumor that the Brooklyn Bridge is going to collapse causes a stampede that crushes twelve people.

1899 – Female Old West outlaw Pearl Hart robs a stage coach 30 miles southeast of Globe, Arizona.

1911 – At the Indianapolis Motor Speedway, the first Indianapolis 500 ends with Ray Harroun in his ''Marmon Wasp'' becoming the first winner of the 500-mile auto race.

1913 – First Balkan War: the Treaty of London, 1913 is signed ending the war. Albania becomes an independent nation.

1914 – The new and then largest Cunard ocean liner RMS Aquitania, 45,647 tons, sets sails on her maiden voyage from Liverpool, England to New York City.

1917 – Alexander I becomes king of Greece.

1922 – In Washington, D.C. the Lincoln Memorial is dedicated.

1925 – May 30 Movement: Shanghai Municipal Police Force shot 13 protesting workers to death.

1941 – World War II: Manolis Glezos and Apostolos Santas climb on the Athenian Acropolis, tear down the Nazi swastika.

1942 – World War II: 1000 British bombers launch a 90-minute attack on Cologne, Germany.

1948 – A dike along the flooding Columbia River breaks, obliterating Vanport, Oregon within minutes. Fifteen people die and tens of thousands are left homeless.

1958 – Memorial Day: the remains of two unidentified American servicemen, killed in action during World War II and the Korean War respectively, are buried at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier in Arlington National Cemetery.

1959 – The Auckland Harbour Bridge, crossing the Waitemata Harbour in Auckland, New Zealand, is officially opened by Governor-General Lord Cobham.

1961 – Long time Dominican dictator Rafael Trujillo is assassinated in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic.

1963 – A protest against pro-Catholic discrimination during the Buddhist crisis is held outside South Vietnam's National Assembly, the first open demonstration during the eight-year rule of Ngo Dinh Diem.

1966 – Former Congolese Prime Minister Evariste Kimba and several other politicians are publicly executed in Kinshasa on the orders of President Joseph Mobutu.

1966 – Launch of ''Surveyor 1'' the first US spacecraft to achieve landing on an extraterrestrial body.

1967 – The Nigerian Eastern Region declares independence as the Republic of Biafra, sparking a civil war.

1968 – Charles de Gaulle reappears publicly after his flight to Baden-Baden, Germany, and dissolves the French National Assembly by a radio appeal. Immediately after, less than one million of his supporters march on the Champs-Élysées in Paris. This is the turning point of May 1968 in France.

1971 – Mariner program: ''Mariner 9'' is launched to map 70% of the surface, and to study temporal changes in the atmosphere and surface, of Mars.

1972 – The Angry Brigade goes on trial over a series of 25 bombings throughout the United Kingdom.

1972 – In Tel Aviv, Israel members of the Japanese Red Army carry out the Lod Airport Massacre, killing 24 people and injuring 78 others.

1989 – Tiananmen Square protests of 1989: the 33-foot high "Goddess of Democracy" statue is unveiled in Tiananmen Square by student demonstrators.

1998 – A magnitude 6.6 earthquake hits northern Afghanistan, killing up to 5,000.

1998 –Nuclear Testing: Pakistan conducts an underground test in the Kharan Desert. It is reported to be a plutonium device with yield of 20kt.

2003 – Depayin massacre: at least 70 people associated with the National League for Democracy are killed by government-sponsored mob in Burma. Aung San Suu Kyi fled the scene, but is arrested soon afterwards.

Births

1010 – Emperor Renzong of China (d. 1063)

1423 – Georg Purbach, German mathematician and astronomer (d. 1461)

1623 – John Egerton, 2nd Earl of Bridgewater, English politician (d. 1686)

1653 – Claudia Felicitas of Austria, Empress consort of Germany (d. 1676)

1713 – Princess Caroline Elizabeth of Great Britain (d. 1757)

1718 – Wills Hill, 1st Marquess of Downshire, English politician (d. 1793)

1719 – Roger Newdigate, English politician (d. 1806)

1757 – Henry Addington, 1st Viscount Sidmouth, British statesman (d. 1844)

1768 – Étienne Marie Antoine Champion de Nansouty, French cavalry commander (d. 1815)

1768 – Karl Friedrich Naumann, German mineralogist and geologist (d. 1873)

1800 – Henri-Marie-Gaston Boisnormand de Bonnechose French archbishop of Rouen and senator (d. 1883)

1814 – Mikhail Bakunin, Russian anarchist (d. 1876)

1814 – Eugène Charles Catalan, Belgian mathematician (d. 1894)

1819 – William McMurdo, British army officer (d. 1894)

1820 – Pierre-Joseph-Olivier Chauveau, French Canadian politician (d. 1890)

1844 – Félix Arnaudin, French poet and folklorist (d. 1921)

1845 – King Amadeo I of Spain (d. 1890)

1846 – Peter Carl Fabergé, Russian goldsmith and jeweler (d. 1920)

1858 – Siegfried Alkan, German composer (d. 1941)

1871 – Olga Engl, Austrian actress (d. 1946)

1874 – Ernest Duchesne, French physician (d. 1912)

1875 – Giovanni Gentile, Italian philosopher (d. 1944)

1878 – Mike Donlin, American baseball player (d. 1933)

1879 – Colin Blythe, English cricketer (d. 1917)

1881 – Georg von Küchler, German field marshal (d. 1968)

1882 – Wyndham Halswelle, Scottish runner (d. 1915)

1886 – Randolph Bourne, American writer (d. 1918)

1887 – Alexander Archipenko, Ukrainian artist (d. 1964)

1890 – Roger Salengro, French politician (d. 1936)

1892 – Fernando Amorsolo, Filipino painter (d. 1972)

1894 – Hubertus van Mook, Acting Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies from 1942 to 1948 (d. 1965)

1895 – Maurice Tate, English cricketer (d. 1956)

1896 – Howard Hawks, American film director (d. 1977)

1899 – Irving Thalberg, American film producer (d. 1936)

1901 – Cornelia Otis Skinner, American writer and actress (d. 1979)

1902 – Stepin Fetchit, American dancer and actor (d. 1985)

1906 – Bruno Gröning, German mystic (d. 1959)

1907 – Elly Beinhorn, German pilot (d. 2007)

1907 – Germaine Tillion, French anthropologist, member of French Resistance (d. 2008)

1908 – Hannes Alfvén, Swedish physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1995)

1908 – Mel Blanc, American voice actor (d. 1989)

1909 – Benny Goodman, American clarinetist and bandleader (d. 1986)

1909 – Jacques Canetti, French talent-spotter (d. 1997)

1910 – Ralph Metcalfe, American athlete (d. 1978)

1910 – Inge Meysel, German actress (d. 2004)

1910 – Harry Bernstein, British-born American writer

1912 – Julius Axelrod, American biochemist and Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2004)

1912 – Erich Bagge, German physicist (d. 1996)

1912 – Hugh Griffith, Welsh actor (d. 1980)

1912 – Joseph Stein, American playwright (d. 2010)

1914 – Akinoumi Setsuo, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 37^th Yokozuna (d. 1979)

1916 – Justin Catayée, French politician (d. 1962)

1918 – Guadalupe "Pita" Amor, Mexican poet (d. 2000)

1918 – Bob Evans, American restaurateur (d. 2007)

1919 – René Barrientos, President of Bolivia (d. 1969)

1920 – Franklin Schaffner, American film director (d. 1989)

1922 – Hal Clement, American writer (d. 2003)

1926 – Christine Jorgensen, American transsexual activist (d. 1989)

1927 – Clint Walker, American actor

1928 – Agnès Varda, French director

1928 – Kevin Charles "Pro" Hart, Australian artist (d. 2006)

1929 – Georges Gilson, French Catholic bishop

1930 – Mark Birley, British nightclub owner (d. 2007)

1930 – Robert Ryman, American painter

1932 – Pauline Oliveros, American composer and accordionist

1934 – Aleksei Leonov, Russian cosmonaut

1934 – Alketas Panagoulias, Greek footballer and coach

1935 – Lee Gunther, American television producer and editor (d. 1998)

1936 – Keir Dullea, American actor

1936 – Ruta Lee, Canadian actress

1937 – Harry Statham, American basketball coach

1939 – Michael J. Pollard, American actor

1939 – Dieter Quester, Austrian racing driver

1940 – Gilles Villemure, Canadian ice hockey player

1943 – James Chaney, American civil rights activist (d. 1964)

1943 – Gale Sayers, American football player

1944 – Meredith MacRae, American actress (d. 2000)

1944 – Stav Prodromou, American technology executive

1945 – Norman Eshley, English actor

1946 – Allan Chapman, English historian of science

1947 – Jocelyne Bourassa, French Canadian golfer

1948 – Michael Piller, American screenwriter (d. 2005)

1949 – P.J. Carlesimo, American basketball coach

1949 – Klaüs Flouride (né Geoffrey Lyall), American musician (Dead Kennedys)

1950 – Bertrand Delanoë, French politician

1950 – Dann Glenn, American Guitarist and Composer

1950 – Paresh Rawal, Indian actor

1951 – Stephen Tobolowsky, American actor

1951 – Zdravko Čolić, Yugoslav-Bosnian singer

1951 – Fernando Lugo, Paraguayan politician

1953 – Colm Meaney, Irish actor

1955 – Jake "The Snake" Roberts, American wrestler

1955 – Topper Headon, British musician (The Clash)

1958 – Marie Fredriksson, Swedish singer and songwriter (Roxette)

1958 – Steve Israel, American politician

1958 – Ted McGinley, American actor

1958 – Michael Lopez-Alegria, Spanish American astronaut

1959 – Frank Vanhecke, Belgian politician

1959 – Phil Brown, English football manager (Hull City)

1961 – Harry Enfield, British comedian

1961 – Ralph Carter, American actor

1961 – Bob Yari, Iranian-born American film producer

1962 – Kevin Eastman, American comic book creator (''Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles'')

1962 – Tonya Pinkins, American actress

1963 – Élise Lucet, French journalist and television host

1963 – Helen Sharman, British chemist, the first Briton in space

1964 – Wynonna Judd, American country singer

1964 – Tom Morello, American guitarist (Audioslave, Rage Against the Machine)

1964 – Andrea Montermini, Italian racing driver

1965 – Billy Donovan, American college basketball coach

1966 – Stephen Malkmus, American musician (Pavement)

1967 – Tim Burgess, English singer (The Charlatans)

1968 – Zacarias Moussaoui, French convicted terrorist

1968 – Kelley Armstrong, Canadian author

1969 – Ryuhei Kitamura, Japanese filmmaker

1969 – Naomi Kawase, Japanese film director

1970 – Flora Chan, Hong Kong television actress

1970 – Ness Wadia, Indian industrialist

1971 – Duncan Jones, English film director, son of David Bowie

1971 – Idina Menzel, American actress and singer

1972 – Manny Ramírez, Dominican Republic baseball player

1972 – Soichiro Hoshi, Japanese voice actor

1973 – Leigh Francis, British comedian

1974 – Cee-Lo Green, American musician

1974 – Big L, American rapper (d. 1999)

1974 – Konstantinos Chalkias, Greek footballer

1974 – Shin Ha-kyun, South Korean actor

1974 – David Wilkie, American ice hockey player

1975 – Evan Eschmeyer, American basketball player

1975 – Brian Fair, American singer

1975 – Andrew Farrell, English rugby league and union footballer

1976 – Rasho Nesterovič, Slovenian basketball player

1976 – Magnus Norman, Swedish tennis player

1976 – Margaret Okayo, Kenyan athlete

1977 – Akwá, Angolan footballer

1977 – Rachael Stirling, British actress

1978 – Eric Searle American Musician

1978 – Lyoto Machida, Brazilian mixed martial artist

1979 – Mike Bishai, Canadian ice hockey player

1979 – Kugimiya Rie, Japanese voice actress

1979 – Clint Bowyer, American NASCAR driver

1980 – Steven Gerrard, English footballer

1981 – Devendra Banhart, American singer and songwriter

1981 – Blake Bashoff, American actor

1981 – Gianmaria Bruni, Italian racing driver

1981 – Ahmad Elrich, Australian footballer

1981 – Remy Ma, American rapper

1981 – Lars Møller Madsen, Danish handball player

1981 – Hisanori Takada, Japanese footballer

1982 – Eddie Griffin, American basketball player (d. 2007)

1982 – James Simpson-Daniel, English rugby player

1983 – Jennifer Ellison, English actress, model, singer

1984 – Matt Maguire, Australian rules footballer

1984 – Jordan Palmer, American football player

1984 – Sham Kwok Fai, Hong Kong footballer

1987 – Joyce Cheng, Hong Kong musician, writer, actress and performer

1988 – Antonio Winterstein, Australian rugby league footballer

1988 – Kelvin Etuhu, Nigerian footballer

1989 – Kevin Covais, American singer

1990 – Dean Collins, American actor

1990 – Yoona (Im Yoon-a), South Korean singer (Girls' Generation)

Deaths

1159 – Wladislaus II the Exile of Poland (b. 1105)

1252 – King Ferdinand III of Castile (b. 1199)

1416 – Jerome of Prague, Czech theologian (b. 1379)

1431 – Joan of Arc, French military figure and Catholic saint (b. 1412)

1434 – Prokop the Great, Hussite general

1469 – Lope de Barrientos, Spanish bishop (b. 1382)

1574 – King Charles IX of France (b. 1550)

1576 – Harada Naomasa, Japanese retainer and samurai

1593 – Christopher Marlowe, English playwright (b. 1564)

1640 – Peter Paul Rubens, Flemish painter (b. 1577)

1696 – Henry Capell, 1st Baron Capell, First Lord of the British Admiralty (b. 1638)

1712 – Andrea Lanzani, Italian painter of the Baroque period (b. c. 1645)

1718 – Arnold Joost van Keppel, 1st Earl of Albemarle, Dutch noble (b. 1670)

1730 – Arabella Churchill, English mistress of James II of England (b. 1648)

1744 – Alexander Pope, English writer (b. 1688)

1770 – François Boucher, French painter (b. 1703)

1778 – Voltaire, French philosopher and author (b. 1694)

1829 – Philibert Jean-Baptiste Curial, French military figure (b. 1774)

1832 – James Mackintosh, Scottish jurist, politician and historian (b. 1765)

1865 – John Catron, American jurist (b. 1786)

1868 – Okita Sōji, Japanese law enforcement figure (b. 1823)

1901 – Victor D'Hondt, Belgian mathematician (b. 1841)

1911 – Milton Bradley, American game pioneer (b. 1836)

1912 – Wilbur Wright, American aviatior (b. 1867)

1918 – Georgi Plekhanov, Russian Marxist theoretician (b. 1856)

1925 – Arthur Moeller van den Bruck, German historian (b. 1876)

1926 – Vladimir Steklov, Russian physicist (b. 1864)

1934 – Togo Heihachiro, Japanese admiral (b. 1848)

1939 – Floyd Roberts, American race car driver (b. 1904)

1941 – King Prajadhipok of Thailand (b. 1893)

1946 – Louis Slotin, Canadian scientist (b. 1910)

1947 – Georg Ludwig von Trapp, Austrian submarine commander (b. 1880)

1948 – József Klekl, Slovene politician (b. 1874)

1949 – Emmanuel Célestin Suhard, French Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church (b. 1874)

1951 – Hermann Broch, Austrian author (b. 1886)

1953 – Dooley Wilson, American musician and actor (b. 1886)

1955 – Bill Vukovich, American race car driver (b. 1918)

1960 – Boris Pasternak, Russian writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1890)

1961 – Rafael Leónidas Trujillo Molina, Dominican Republic dictator (b. 1891)

1964 – Leó Szilárd, Hungarian nuclear physicist (b. 1898)

1964 – Eddie Sachs, American auto racer (b. 1927)

1964 – Dave MacDonald, American auto racer (b. 1936)

1965 – Louis Hjelmslev, Danish linguist (b. 1899)

1967 – Claude Rains, English actor (b. 1889)

1967 – Georg Wilhelm Pabst, Austrian film director (b.1885)

1971 – Marcel Dupré, French organist and composer (b. 1886)

1975 – Steve Prefontaine, American distance runner (b. 1951)

1975 – Tatsuo Shimabuku, Japanese martial artist (b. 1908)

1975 – Michel Simon, French actor (b. 1895)

1976 – Max Carey, American baseball player (b. 1890)

1980 – Carl Radle, American bass guitarist (b. 1942)

1981 – Don Ashby, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1955)

1981 – Ziaur Rahman, Bangladeshi statesman (b. 1936)

1986 – Perry Ellis, American fashion designer (b. 1940)

1988 – Robert O'Reilly, Australian singer (b. 1940)

1993 – Sun Ra, American musician (b. 1914)

1994 – Ezra Taft Benson, American religious figure (b. 1899)

1994 – Marcel Bich, French industrialist (b. 1914)

1994 – Agostino Di Bartolomei, Italian footballer (b. 1955)

1995 – Ted Drake, English footballer (b. 1912)

1995 – Lofty England, English automotive engineer (b. 1911)

1995 – Bobby Stokes, English footballer (b. 1951)

1996 – Léon-Etienne Duval, French Roman Catholic Cardinal (b. 1903)

2000 – Tex Beneke, American bandleader and musician (b. 1914)

2000 – Doris Hare, Welsh actress (b. 1905)

2003 – Mickie Most, English record producer (b. 1938)

2005 – Fazal Mahmood, Pakistani cricketer (b. 1927)

2005 – Tomasz Pacyński, Polish writer (b. 1958)

2005 – Alma Ziegler, American baseball player (b. 1918)

2006 – Shohei Imamura, Japanese film director (b. 1926)

2006 – Robert Sterling, American actor (b. 1917)

2006 – David Lloyd, New Zealand biologist (b. 1938)

2007 – Jean-Claude Brialy, French actor and author (b. 1933)

2007 – Gunturu Seshendra Sarma, Indian poet (b.1927)

2008 – Lorenzo Odone, American medical figure (b. 1978)

2008 – Noel Moore, British civil servant (b. 1928)

2008 – Auguste Legros, French politician (b.1922)

2009 – Torsten Andersson, Swedish painter (b. 1926)

2010 – Duff Roblin, Canadian politician (b. 1917)

2010 – Joan Rhodes, British performer and stuntwoman (b. 1921)

2010 – Peter Orlovsky, American poet (b. 1933)

2011 – Clarice Taylor, American actress (b. 1917)

Holidays and observances

Anguilla Day, commemorates the beginning of the Anguillian Revolution in 1967. (Anguilla)

Canary Islands Day (Canary Islands)

Christian Feast Day:

*Earliest day on which Feast of the Immaculate Heart of Mary can fall, while July 3 is the latest; celebrated 20 days after Pentecost. (Roman Catholic church)

*Ferdinand III of Castile

*Isaac of Dalmatia

*Joan of Arc (celebrated in France)

*May 30 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)

Indian Arrival Day (Trinidad and Tobago)

Lod Massacre Remembrance Day (Puerto Rico)

Mother's Day (Nicaragua)

Parliament Day (Croatia)

The first day of the Kaamatan harvest festival (Labuan, Sabah)

External links

BBC: On This Day

On This Day in Canada

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Category:Days of the year Category:May

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name	Jamie OliverMBE
birth date	May 27, 1975
birth name	James Trevor Oliver
birth place	Clavering, Essex, England
death date	| death_place
spouse
children	4
style	Fresh and Organic, Italian cuisine, British cuisine
education	Westminster Kingsway College
restaurants	*Fifteen *London *Newquay *Amsterdam *Melbourne Jamie's Italian *Bath *Bristol *Brighton *Cambridge *Canary Wharf *Cardiff *Guildford *Kingston *Oxford Glasgow
website	jamieoliver.com
television	''Oliver's Twist'' ''Jamie's School Dinners'' ''Jamie's Great Italian Escape'' ''Naked Chef'' ''Jamie's Kitchen'' ''Jamie's Chef'' ''Jamie at Home'' ''Jamie's Fowl Dinners'' ''Jamie's Ministry of Food'' ''Jamie's American Road Trip'' ''Jamie's Family Christmas'' ''Jamie Oliver's Food Revolution'' ''Jamie Does'' ''30 Minute Meals'' }}

James "Jamie" Trevor Oliver, MBE (born 27 May 1975), sometimes known as The Naked Chef, is an English chef, restaurateur and media personality, known for his food-focused television shows, cookbooks and more recently his campaign against the use of processed foods in national schools. He strives to improve unhealthy diets and poor cooking habits in the United Kingdom and the United States. Jamie Oliver's speciality is Italian cuisine, although he has a broad international repertoire.

Life and career

Jamie Oliver was brought up in Clavering, Essex, England. His parents ran a pub, ''"The Cricketers"'', where he used to practice in the kitchen. He was educated at Newport Free Grammar School. He left school at age sixteen without qualifications and went on to attend Westminster Kingsway College, formerly Westminster College. His first job was as a pastry chef at Antonio Carluccio's Neal's Yard restaurant, where he first gained experience of Italian cuisine. Oliver then moved to The River Café, Fulham, as a sous chef, where he was noticed by the BBC in 1997 after making an unscripted appearance in a documentary about the restaurant, "Christmas at the River Cafe". That year, his show ''The Naked Chef'' debuted and his cookbook became a number one best-seller in the UK. That same year, Oliver was invited to prepare lunch for then Prime Minister Tony Blair at No. 10 Downing Street.

Personal life

In July 2000, Oliver married former model Juliette Norton. The couple met in 1993 and have four children: Poppy Honey Rosie Oliver (born 18 March 2002), Daisy Boo Pamela Oliver (born on 10 April 2003), Petal Blossom Rainbow Oliver (born on 3 April 2009) and Buddy Bear Maurice Oliver (born on 2 September 2010). Oliver announced the births of the two youngest children on Twitter. The family live in Clavering, Essex.

Ancestry

In 2009 Oliver claimed to be of partial Sudanese ancestry via his great-great grandfather John, whom he described as “a bit swarthy with curly hair” . However, research for the ''Sunday Express'' established that John's father James was a hatter from Penzance, James' father Richard was also Cornish, leaving little to no possibility of a Sudanese connection. The family legend of Sudanese ancestry may have originated in the 19th century when John Oliver returned from sea, possibly with a tanned complexion after visiting Africa.

Notable career milestones

In 2000, Oliver became the face of the UK supermarket chain Sainsbury's through an endorsement deal worth £2 million a year. After 11 years the partnership between Oliver & Sainsbury's is to come to an end. The final television advert will be for Christmas 2011.

Putting up his house as collateral without telling his wife, Oliver created the Fifteen Foundation in 2002. Each year, fifteen young adults who have a disadvantaged background, criminal record or history of drug abuse, are trained in the restaurant business.

In 2003, he was awarded an MBE.

In 2005, he initiated a campaign called "Feed me Better" in order to move British schoolchildren towards eating healthy foods and cutting out junk food. As a result, the British government also pledged to address the issue. Delving into politics to push for changes in nutrition resulted in people voting him as the "Most Inspiring Political Figure of 2005," according to a Channel 4 News annual viewer poll.

His emphasis on cooking healthily continued as he created Jamie's Ministry of Food, a television series where Oliver travelled to inspire everyday people in Rotherham, Yorkshire to cook healthy meals. Another television series is ''Jamie Oliver's Food Revolution'' (2010–2011), where he travels first to Huntington, West Virginia and then to Los Angeles to change the way Americans eat and address their dependence on fast food.

Oliver's holding company, Sweet As Candy, has made enough profit for Oliver to have been listed on ''The Sunday Times'' list of richest Britons under 30.

It was reported in October 2009 that Oliver is in the process of raising US$22 million to help fund 30 of his Italian restaurants in Asia.

In December 2009, Oliver received the 2010 TED Prize.

Charity and campaigning

Oliver conceived and established the Fifteen charity restaurant where he trained fifteen disadvantaged young people to work in the hospitality industry. Following the success of the original restaurant in London, more Fifteens have opened around the globe: Fifteen Amsterdam opened in December 2004, Fifteen Cornwall in Newquay opened in May 2006 and Fifteen Melbourne opened in September 2006 with Australian friend and fellow chef Tobie Puttock.

Oliver then began a formal campaign to ban unhealthy food in British schools and get children eating nutritious food instead. Oliver's efforts to bring radical change to the school meals system, chronicled in the series "Jamie's School Dinners", challenged the junk food culture by showing schools they could serve healthy, cost-efficient meals that kids enjoyed eating. Jamie's efforts brought the subject of school dinners to the political forefront and changed the types of food served in schools.

In June 2003, Oliver was awarded the MBE in the Queen's Birthday Honours List. He has also written columns for ''The Times''. A great proponent of fresh organic foods, Oliver was named the most influential person in the UK hospitality industry when he topped the inaugural Caterersearch.com 100 in May 2005. The list placed Oliver higher than Sir Francis Mackay, the then-chairman of the contract catering giant, Compass Group, which Oliver had soundly criticised in "Jamie's School Dinners". In 2006, Oliver dropped to second on the list behind fellow celebrity chef Gordon Ramsay. In July 2010, Jamie regained the top spot and has been named as the most powerful and influential person in the UK hospitality industry once again.

In December 2009, Oliver was awarded the 2010 TED Prize for his campaigns to "create change on both the individual and governmental levels" in order to "bring attention to the changes Englanders and now Americans need to make in their lifestyles and diet."

In 2010, Oliver joined several other celebrity chefs on the series, ''The Big Fish Fight''. In the series, Oliver, along with fellow chef Gordon Ramsay, spent time on a trawler boat to raise awareness about the discarding of hundreds of thousands of salt water fish because the fisherman are prohibited from keeping any fish other than the stated target of the trawl.

Oliver is a patron of environmental charity Trees for Cities.

Advertising

From 1998, Oliver was the public face of the Sainsbury's supermarket chain in the UK, appearing on television and radio advertisements and in-store promotional material. The deal earned him an estimated £1.2 million every year. By 2004, the company had made 65 advertisements with Oliver, but this arrangement has not been without controversy. Oliver was reported to have admitted that he does not use supermarkets, saying “For any chef, supermarkets are like a factory. I buy from specialist growers, organic suppliers and farmers". He was also said to have been criticised by Sainsbury's CEO Justin King, when he slammed the "junk" sold by supermarkets which ends up in the lunchboxes of millions of children. King reportedly hit back, saying: "Dictating to people – or unleashing an expletive-filled tirade – is not the way to get engagement."

Oliver has also a line of non-stick pans and cookware for Tefal and has appeared in Australian television commercials for Yalumba wines, using Del Boy's catchphrase of "Lovely Jubbly".

Television shows

Oliver's programmes are shown in over 40 countries, including the USA's Food Network. ''Oliver's Twist'' and "Pukka Tukka" picked up where "The Naked Chef" left off. More recently, Oliver has been doing series based on campaigns to improve food in schools and cooking skills of the average person.

'' The Naked Chef'' (1998–1999) was Oliver's first series. The title was a reference to the simplicity of Oliver's recipes and has nothing to do with nudity. Oliver has frequently admitted that he was not entirely happy with the title, which was devised by producer Patricia Llewellyn. (In the UK edit of the show, the opening titles include a clip of him telling an unseen questioner, "No way! It's not me, it's the food!") The success of the programme led to the books ''Return of the Naked Chef'' and ''Happy Days with the Naked Chef''.

Series guide

Series 1 – 6 editions – 14 April 1999 to 16 June 1999

Series 2 – 8 editions – 12 April 2000 to 31 May 2000

Series 3 – 8 editions – 16 October 2001 to 4 December 2001

Special "Christmas comes early" – 21 December 1999

Special "Christmas in New York" – 20 December 2000

Special "Christmas Party" – 19 December 2001

''Pukka Tukka'' was launched in 2000 on Channel 4.

''Oliver's Twist'' was launched 2002.

''Jamie's Kitchen'' was a five-part 2002 documentary series. It followed Oliver as he attempted to train a group of disadvantaged youth, who would, if they completed the course, be offered jobs at Oliver's new restaurant ''"Fifteen"''. This was followed by ''Return to Jamie's Kitchen'' in 2003.

''Jamie's Kitchen Australia'' was a ten-part 2006 television series, similar to Jamie's Kitchen, that was based in and aired in Australia.

'' Jamie's School Dinners'' (2005) was a four-part documentary series. Oliver took responsibility for running the kitchen meals in Kidbrooke School, Greenwich, for a year. Disgusted by the unhealthy food being served to schoolchildren and the lack of healthy alternatives on offer, Oliver began a campaign to improve the standard of Britain’s school meals. Public awareness was raised and subsequently Oliver's efforts, the British Government pledged to spend £280m on school dinners (spread over three years). Tony Blair acknowledged that this was a result of Oliver's campaign. Following the success of the campaign, Oliver was named "Most Inspiring Political Figure of 2005" in the Channel 4 Political Awards 2006. During the school dinners programme, Oliver's ''"Fifteen"'' London was visited by former US President Bill Clinton. Clinton asked to see Oliver; however, Oliver refused, as Clinton's party had asked for a change of menu although it had already been agreed on weeks beforehand. In episode 2 of Jamie's School Dinners, Clinton's party had 36 show up for a booking of 20 and many of them were on a South Beach Diet and did not want the special menu that had been prepared, even though the menu had been approved in advance.

''Jamie's Great Italian Escape'', a six-part travelogue series, was first broadcast on Channel 4 in Britain in October 2005. It follows Oliver as he travels around Italy in a blue VW van (plus a trailer for cooking). He is about to turn 30 and this is his personal adventure to rediscover his love of cooking.

''Jamie's Return To School Dinners''

''Jamie's Chef'' (2007) was a four-part series continuing where ''Jamie's Kitchen'' left off. Five years and fifty trainees later, Oliver's most recent series aims to help the winning trainee establish their own restaurant at ''"the Cock"'', a pub near Braintree, Essex. The charitable ''Fifteen Foundation'' retains ownership of the property and has provided a £125,000 loan for the winner, Aaron Craze, to refurbish the establishment. As of 13 January 2008, the Cock has closed down and reopened as a regular pub.

''Jamie at Home'' (2007) featured Oliver presenting home-style recipes and gardening tips, with many ingredients coming from his substantial home garden. ''Jamie at Home'' airs on the Food Network in the United States. Due to licensing restrictions, only two recipes from each Jamie at Home episode will appear online; also, access to recipes is limited to users within the United States.

''Jamie's Fowl Dinners'' (2008) a special with Jamie backing Hugh Fearnley-Whittingstall's "Hugh's Chicken Run" in trying to get the British to eat free range chickens.

''Jamie's Ministry of Food'' (2008) was a four-part series was aired from 30 September to 21 October 2008. It was based in Rotherham, South Yorkshire. Oliver aimed to make the town "the culinary capital of the United Kingdom" and tried to get the town's inhabitants to learn how to cook fresh food and establish healthy eating as part of daily life. The 'Pass It On' campaign also featured in this series with the local townspeople being taught one of a selection of recipes and passing it on to family members and friends. The 'Pass It On' campaign gained a following on the social networking website Facebook which has a group and fan page with users signing up to chart their progress.

''What's Cooking? with Jamie Oliver'' (2008), a video game with Oliver narrating.

''Jamie Saves Our Bacon'' (2009) Part of Channel 4's British Food Fight Season, a thematic sequel to Jamie's Fowl Dinners. In the special, Oliver looks at the state of pig farming in the UK and EU. It was broadcast on 29 January 2009.

Jamie's American Road Trip (2009) Channel 4 series following Jamie who rather than visit fancy restaurants and top chefs, will be meeting and learning from real cooks making honest food for working people at street stalls, off-road diners and down-to-earth local restaurants. Along the way, he will be picking up new recipes and experiencing tastes old and new, as well as learn how other cultures adapt when they come to the USA.

Jamie's Family Christmas (2009) Channel 4 short (5 episodes) series with Oliver cooking traditional and new Christmas dishes. More unusually this series includes members of Oliver's family; a family member (wife, children, sister etc.) appears in a supporting role with the preparation of particular recipe interspersed with more traditional Jamie alone delivery to an off-camera person. First broadcast 15 December 2009.

''Jamie Oliver's Food Revolution'' is a series airing on ABC in the United States. In the first season, Oliver visits Huntington, West Virginia, statistically one of the unhealthiest cities in the USA to try to improve its residents' eating habits. In 2010, the show won an Emmy for Outstanding Reality Programme. It is also airing in the United Kingdom on Channel 4 under the title "Jamie's American Food Revolution," and in Australia on Channel 10 under the original title.

''Jamie Does'' (2010) Channel 4 series (6 episodes) following the success of Jamie's American Road Trip, Oliver is travelling across Europe and North Africa, cooking local dishes.

''Jamie's 30 Minute Meals'' (2010) Channel 4 series (20 episodes) aired during October–November. The programme focused on home-cooked meals which could be put together within the titular timeframe, using simple 'not chefy' techniques. There was also an emphasis on educating viewers about the cooking processes themselves.

''Jamie's Dream School'' (2011) is a Channel 4 series which looks at young people’s educational problems and attempts to uncover whether they are down to personal circumstance, society, or the education system itself. It also examines how the new teachers get on as they try to translate their real-life expertise into the realities of the classroom. The experts include scientist Professor Robert Winston, historian David Starkey, barrister Cherie Blair, journalist and political aide Alastair Campbell, actor Simon Callow, artist Rolf Harris, musician Jazzie B and Olympic gold medallist Daley Thompson.

Other television appearances

Oliver has twice guest-hosted Channel 4's ''The Friday Night Project''.

He has also made two appearances in the "Star in a Reasonably-Priced Car" segment of BBC Two's ''Top Gear''. His first appearance was notorious for his attempt to make a green salad in the back of his Volkswagen Microbus while the Stig drove it around the Top Gear test track.

Oliver is the second British celebrity chef (after Robert Irvine) to appear as a challenger on ''Iron Chef America,'' taking on Iron Chef Mario Batali in 2008 in a losing battle with cobia as the theme ingredient.

He starred as one of the judges in the 2008 US series ''Oprah's Big Give'' hosted by Oprah Winfrey on ABC (America).

He guest starred as himself in the "Meatloaf Surprise" episode of ''Phineas and Ferb''.

Live shows

The Happy Days Live tour was Oliver's first live show in 2001 and included several dates in the UK and Australasia. Performing to sold-out venues, he cooked on stage and interacted with the audiences with competitions, music and special effects only usually seen in pop concerts. He took the audiences by surprise by singing and drumming to a song called ''Lamb Curry'' written by his longtime friend Leigh Haggerwood. Oliver appears at the BBC good food show each year and took to the road once more in 2006 on an Australian tour where he performed in Sydney and Melbourne. Following the entertaining format of his first live show, the 2006 Australian tour featuring special guests including mentor Gennaro Contaldo, and students from Fifteen London. Oliver also performed a new song written by Leigh Haggerwood called ''Fish Stew'' which Jamie cooked to and also drummed along to at the end of the show. The shows were a great success and are featured in a one-off TV documentary called Jamie Oliver: Australian Diary.

Controversy and criticism

In 2005, Oliver was widely criticised by animal rights groups for slaughtering a fully conscious lamb on his TV show, while PETA praised Oliver for showing the killing uncensored, claiming that it highlighted problems with the methods used within slaughterhouses for viewers at home. PETA spokesman, Sean Gifford, said that it "could turn the more diehard carnivore into a vegetarian." British TV regulator Ofcom reported they had seven complaints from the public.

Oliver has been known for his comments about other chefs and has spoken out against Marco Pierre White, who has been critical of Oliver in the past and the notorious swearing of Gordon Ramsay.

In 2005, Oliver embarked upon his school dinners campaign to improve the quality of food fed to pupils. While the campaign was arguably successful, at the time it was a highly controversial shake-up for students and parents, some of whom believed that the students should have a healthy option available, but still be given the choice as to what they want to eat. In September 2006, Rawmarsh Community School, South Yorkshire, UK, made headlines after a handful of parents revolted against Oliver's lunch plan (in which all 1,100 pupils on site were fed two portions of fruit and three vegetables every day) by delivering junk food from local shops to the pupils through the school fence. One parent dismissed Oliver's food as "disgusting rubbish" and declared, "Food is cheaper and better at the local takeaways.”

Since his early years, his accent, which is often described as "mockney" or "fake cockney," has become famous—particularly the use of the Hindi word "pukka" (colloquially meaning "authentic" or "first-rate", originally "cooked" or "ripe").

In 2011, Oliver, an advocate of cooking meals from scratch and using local produce, caused controversy after it turned out the sauces used in Jamie's Italian in Glasgow were from an industrial park almost 400 miles away in Bicester. Oliver and Gordon Ramsay are spokeschefs for the "Big Fish Fight," which campaign for sustainable seafood, but were criticised for their use of endangered fish.

Scarlet Division

In 1989 at age 13, Oliver and friend Leigh Haggerwood formed Scarlet Division, a Britpop/Rock band. Oliver played the drums in the group. Their single, "Sundial," reached number 42 on the UK pop charts in 2000. Shortly after, Oliver left the band to focus on his cooking career. The band reunited briefly in 2002, but broke up for good in 2003.

Pop culture

Oliver was mentioned in the South Park episode "Medicinal Fried Chicken". Eric Cartman, one of the main characters, is ordered by Colonel Sanders to stop him from delivering his speech against KFC. He is also featured in the later episode "Crème Fraiche". Oliver cries while trying to convince celebrity chef Bobby Flay that kids' food should be healthy.

Books

''Something for the Weekend'', ISBN 0-1410-2258-2

''The Naked Chef'', ISBN 0-7868-6617-9

''The Return of the Naked Chef'', ISBN 0-7181-4439-2

* Published in America as ''The Naked Chef Takes Off'', ISBN 0-7868-6755-8

''Happy Days with the Naked Chef'', ISBN 0-7868-6852-X

''Jamie's Kitchen'', ISBN 1-4013-0022-7

''Jamie's Dinners'', ISBN 1-4013-0194-0

''Jamie's Italy'', ISBN 0-7181-4770-7

''Cook With Jamie: My Guide to Making You a Better Cook '', ISBN 0-7181-4771-5

''Jamie's Little Book of Big Treats'', ISBN 0-1410-3146-8

''Jamie at Home: Cook Your Way to the Good Life'', ISBN 978-0718152437

''Jamie's Ministry of Food: Anyone Can Learn to Cook in 24 Hours'', ISBN 978-0718148621

* Published in America as ''Jamie's Food Revolution: Rediscover How to Cook Simple, Delicious, Affordable Meals'', ISBN 978-1401323592

''Jamie's Red Nose Recipes'', ISBN 978-0141041780

''Jamie's America'', ISBN 978-0718154769

''Jamie does... Spain, Italy, Sweden, Morocco, Greece, France'', ISBN 978-0718156145

''Jamie's 30-minute Meals'', ISBN 978-0718154776

References

Further reading

List of social entrepreneurs

Stafford Hildred, ''Jamie Oliver: The Biography'' (2001) ISBN 1-903402-55-7

Gilly Smith, ''Jamie Oliver: Turning Up the Heat'' (2006) ISBN 0-233-00168-9

Gilly Smith, ''Jamie Oliver: The Kitchen Crusader'' (2006) ISBN 978-1-86200-414-6

External links

Jamie Oliver official website

Jamie Oliver @ telegraph in ''The Telegraph''

Jamie Oliver biography in BBC Online

Q&A; with the Naked Chef Jamie Oliver, 8 November 2007

Jamie Oliver's Restaurants – Fifteen at Visit Britain

Jamie Oliver at the Chef and Restaurant Database

350 Years of Jamie's Family History

Video of Jamie's talk at TED

Jamie Oliver interviewed by Decca Aitkenhead on Guardian October 2010.

Category:1975 births Category:BAFTA winners (people) Category:British Book Award winners Category:British health activists Category:British television chefs Category:British chefs Category:British restaurateurs Category:Critics of the European Union Category:Emmy Award winners Category:English bloggers Category:English chefs Category:English food writers Category:English television chefs Category:English television presenters Category:Food Network chefs Category:Living people Category:Members of the Order of the British Empire Category:People from Uttlesford (district)

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