Exoplanetary Science

CoRoT’s New Planets

June 15, 2011

Although we talk about space-based observatories ‘discovering’ planets, the actual process is much more complex. Data from CoRoT, for example, must be validated carefully to make sure that what is being observed is actually a planet. That means turning to follow-up observations by ground-based telescopes, so that the whole package of photometric and spectroscopic data [...]

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CASCA: GJ 581 and More

June 3, 2011

Canada’s MOST space telescope (Microvariability & Oscillations of STars) has been used to put some constraints on the super-Earth GJ 581e. The work was discussed at this week’s meeting of the Canadian Astronomical Society in Ontario. Planet e is the innermost world among the multiple planets orbiting the star, and the least massive (with a [...]

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On the Calendar: Exoplanets and Worldships

May 27, 2011

Be aware of two meetings of relevance for interstellar studies, the first of which takes place today at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. There, a symposium called The Next 40 Years of Exoplanets runs all day, with presentations from major figures in the field — you can see the agenda here. I bring this up [...]

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Beyond the Kepler Planets

May 25, 2011

Kepler is a telescope that does nothing more than stare at a single patch of sky, described by its principal investigator, with a touch of whimsy, as the most boring space mission in history. William Borucki is referring to the fact that about the only thing that changes on Kepler is the occasional alignment of [...]

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New Findings on Rogue Planets

May 19, 2011

Gravitational microlensing to the rescue. We now have evidence for the existence of the rogue planets — interstellar wanderers moving through space unattached to any star system — that we talked about just the other day. It’s been assumed that such planets existed, because early solar systems are turbulent and unstable, with planetary migrations like [...]

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Finding an Interstellar Wanderer

May 17, 2011

Imagine a planet far more massive than Jupiter and spinning faster than Jupiter’s 10 hour rotation. Throw in a large nearby moon and the associated auroral effects that would occur as the moon moved through fields of plasma trapped in the planet’s magnetic field. The scenario isn’t all that different from what we see happening [...]

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Habitability Around Nearby Stars

May 10, 2011

My friend Adam Crowl, a polymath if there ever was one, is working hard on Project Icarus and keeping an eye on the exoplanet situation. When you’re working on a starship design, no matter how theoretical, a major issue is the choice of targets, and the study of Kepler planets we looked at yesterday caught [...]

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Habitable Zone Planets and Kepler

May 9, 2011

A habitable zone can be defined in many ways, but for our immediate purposes, defining it with reference to liquid water on a planetary surface makes sense. Sure, we believe that life could exist beneath the surface on places like Europa, where surface water is out of the question, but the key issue is this: [...]

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Terrestrial Planets: Find the Debris Disk

May 4, 2011

Over 900 stars have been found that show signs of a debris disk, a circumstellar disk of dust and debris orbiting the star. It takes less than 10 million years for the gaseous content of these disks to dissipate, leaving the dusty disk behind. You can think of the Kuiper Belt in our own system, [...]

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A Super-Earth in Transit (and a SETI Digression)

May 2, 2011

We’ve been finding planets using radial velocity methods — analyzing the gravitational effects of planets around their stars — since the mid-1990s, and the Kepler mission has brought the transit method to the fore, looking at the lightcurves of stars when planets pass in front of them as seen from Earth. Now we have new [...]

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