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Bible Commands Jewish Oral Law?
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:11
- Published: 20 Jan 2009
- Uploaded: 17 Jun 2011
- Author: omedyashar
All the reasons Bible believing people may have against accepting the concept of the 'Oral Law' are due to either a lack of knowledge as to what the 'Oral Law' correctly refers to, or merely unawareness of explicit Biblical injunctions.
http://wn.com/Bible_Commands_Jewish_Oral_Law?
Misunderstanding the nature of the Oral law in Judaism
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:57
- Published: 24 Feb 2009
- Uploaded: 14 Aug 2011
- Author: Jews4Judaism
An interview with Rabbi Yisroel Blumenthal of Lake wood NJ and Rabbi Eli Cohen of Sydney Australia for more info go to www.jewsforjudaism.org
http://wn.com/Misunderstanding_the_nature_of_the_Oral_law_in_Judaism
What the world doesn't know about the Messiah - (Part 1/7) The Logical Foundation of Judaism
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 16:00
- Published: 26 May 2011
- Uploaded: 01 Aug 2011
- Author: Jews4Judaism
Before discussing the teachings of Judaism, we need to establish the basic foundation without which nothing can stand. This is the first part of a lecture organised by Jews for Judaism Australia and given by Rabbi Dr Immanuel Schochet entitled "What the world doesn't know about the Messiah"
http://wn.com/What_the_world_doesn't_know_about_the_Messiah__Part_1/7_The_Logical_Foundation_of_Judaism
The Talmud Oral Law 1
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:52
- Published: 17 Apr 2010
- Uploaded: 10 Jun 2011
- Author: RabbiBerelWein
interpretation of the Mishna Rabbi Berel Wein
http://wn.com/The_Talmud_Oral_Law_1
Variations of Jewish Oral Law / Tradition
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:15
- Published: 25 Dec 2008
- Uploaded: 23 Apr 2011
- Author: omedyashar
Many people who are interested in Torah / 'Judaism' struggle with accepting the idea that all of the Jewish traditions were given to Moses at Mt. Sinai by the Almighty, blessed is He! This difficulty goes away when we realize the distinct types of Oral law; not all of the "Oral Law" claims itself to have originated at Mt. Sinai. Infact, a large portion of it is self-proclaimed, according to the Talmudic texts, to be decrees instituted by the Mosaic Court. There are only 2 types of Oral Law given to Moses. The 1st time can be derived from the text of the Torah itself, by means of 13 principles of interpretation, and the other type are necessitated by the Torah's text, but can not be derived from the text -- and this latter type is only around 30 laws. It's not so hard to imagine 30 laws being preserved in oral tradition. The Talmudic texts never claim that every word of those texts were given to Moses. The compilers of the Talmudic texts would laugh at this idea.
http://wn.com/Variations_of_Jewish_Oral_Law_/_Tradition
The Talmud Oral Law 2
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:57
- Published: 17 Apr 2010
- Uploaded: 26 Aug 2010
- Author: RabbiBerelWein
interpretation of the Mishna Rabbi Berel Wein
http://wn.com/The_Talmud_Oral_Law_2
40 Biblical Verifications Of Jewish 'Oral Tradition' (p 6/6)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 10:00
- Published: 26 Apr 2009
- Uploaded: 02 Sep 2011
- Author: omedyashar
CLAIM 8) The Oral Law is not mentioned even once in the entire Tanach (Hebrew Bible). REPLY: To the contrary - it is independent personal interpretation of the Written Torah which is not ordained even once in the Hebrew Bible; The information presented in the video is a sufficient example of Biblical indication of the Oral Instruction. After having seen this video, perhaps you are now more confident about the existence of the oral legislative law of Israel, but you still feel hesitant about upholding an oral law that you feel violates the Written Torah; this is not reason to disregard all other teachings of the oral law; certainly, there are many teachings of the oral law which would not prevent you from upholding your understanding of the written Torah. Why throw the baby out with the 'bathwater?' You can keep those aspects of the oral law which you're comfortable with right now, and it might be that as you begin looking into the matter of the oral law more in depth, and taking the concept more seriously, other aspects of the oral law may begin to make more sense to you which before you thought unacceptable. It's shocking to what degree a little clarification can change one's view on a matter. Blessed is He who opens our eyes to the wonders of His Torah. ____________________ Background photo used with permission from www.chayas.com ; ________________________ http www.mechon-mamre.org MY SITE sagavyah.tripod.com
http://wn.com/40_Biblical_Verifications_Of_Jewish_'Oral_Tradition'_p_6/6
Oral Law: Adding to the laws of torah?
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:25
- Published: 25 Jan 2009
- Uploaded: 10 Aug 2010
- Author: ipwnnewbs50
Is following the oral law/talmud following something not commanded by torah? Also, curious as to interpretation of the verses for people who continue to reject the oral torah.
http://wn.com/Oral_Law_Adding_to_the_laws_of_torah?
What is the Talmud - Special Clip
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:38
- Published: 14 Aug 2009
- Uploaded: 14 Aug 2011
- Author: JewishHistoryDotOrg
JewishHistory.org The Oral Law of Sinai explains the Written Law. For instance, when the Torah says "eye for an eye" or "tooth for a tooth" it cannot be taken literally, because it does not help the victim at all. Rather, the Torah means that the victim should be compensated the value of an eye, etc. Of course, an eye is invaluable. Yet even today we have worker's compensation agreements which place an exact value for every limb of the body. Similiarly, the Rabbis taught us that the Torah teaches that practically, we reduce the damage to a monetary value. There are thousands of cases where the Oral Law explains the Written Law. Without the Oral Law we would not know how to observe Shabbat, Kashrut, Tefillin, etc. In fact, all of Judaism would be completely mysterious if it were not for the Oral Law. There are rules set in the Oral Law which give us guidelines to better understand the Written Law at all time. The Jewish People are based on the Oral Law as much as they are based on the Bible. What is interesting is that the Bible has gone to the entire world, but the Oral Law has remained almost exlusively within the confines of Jewish people and Jewish scholorship. In Rabbinical Yeshivot and Seminaries, it is the Oral Law that forms the basis for scholorship and creativity- for understanding all about Judaism.
http://wn.com/What_is_the_Talmud__Special_Clip
Messianic Jewish views on the written and oral law of God
...God loves you...
http://wn.com/Messianic_Jewish_views_on_the_written_and_oral_law_of_God
Why not be Karaite? 6/6
Copied with permission from omedyashar. CLAIM 8) The Oral Law is not mentioned even once in the entire Tanach (Hebrew Bible). REPLY: To the contrary - it is independent personal interpretation of the Written Torah which is not ordained even once in the Hebrew Bible; The information presented in the video is a sufficient example of Biblical indication of the Oral Instruction. After having seen this video, perhaps you are now more confident about the existence of the oral legislative law of Israel, but you still feel hesitant about upholding an oral law that you feel violates the Written Torah; this is not reason to disregard all other teachings of the oral law; certainly, there are many teachings of the oral law which would not prevent you from upholding your understanding of the written Torah. Why throw the baby out with the 'bathwater?' You can keep those aspects of the oral law which you're comfortable with right now, and it might be that as you begin looking into the matter of the oral law more in depth, and taking the concept more seriously, other aspects of the oral law may begin to make more sense to you which before you thought unacceptable. It's shocking to what degree a little clarification can change one's view on a matter. Blessed is He who opens our eyes to the wonders of His Torah. ____________________ Background photo used with permission from www.chayas.com ; ________________________ http www.mechon-mamre.org
http://wn.com/Why_not_be_Karaite?_6/6
The light of the Oral Law Parashat Bihalotchah 2011
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 12:51
- Published: 10 Jun 2011
- Uploaded: 02 Jul 2011
- Author: mosheleah26
Talmud -- Fact versus Fiction
The Talmud is a basis of Jewish Law and is divided into six seders. The Talmud consists of the Mishnah and Gemara. The Mishnah (oral law) was transmitted to Moshe Rabbenu from Hashem at the time that the Written Torah was transmitted. The Mishnah was kept in the oral tradition until it was written down in the time of Rabbi Judah the Holy (aka Rabbi Judah the Prince) ca. 130-220CE. The Gemara is the rabbinic commentaries on the Mishnah. There are many people who object to the Talmud and teach false teachings about the Talmud. I hope to dispel some of these false teachings in this video.
http://wn.com/Talmud_-_Fact_versus_Fiction
Writing of the Talmud - #23
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:58
- Published: 14 Aug 2009
- Uploaded: 02 Sep 2011
- Author: JewishHistoryDotOrg
JewishHistory.org After the destruction of the Temple in the year 70, the attitude of the Jews towards Rome was ambivilent. On one hand they saw the beauty of Romes roads, government, etc. However they also disliked the corruption within Rome, and forsaw that it would eventually collapse because of this. The Jews concentrated on their studies, on their way of life, and on producing the Mishna. In the year 200 the great Rabbi Judah the Prince was a friend to one of the great Roman Emperors. Due to this, there was a period of great relaxation between the Jews and Romans. During this time, Rabbi Judah editied and published the Mishna. There had been a tradition amongst the Jews that the Oral law shouldn't be written down, but nevertheless because Rabbi Judah the Prince realized that the Jewish people are going into Exile and would not be able to maintain a purely Oral tradition, he took it upon himself to write, edit, and publish all the Oral Law until his time. Although he wrote it down, it still retains its creativity. This work became the Mishna, which became passed down and forms a backbone of Jewish life even until today.
http://wn.com/Writing_of_the_Talmud__#23
Understanding Judaism Part 2: Torath Mosheh
In this video I take a break from of my usual topics to explain traditional Judaim's view of what is called Torath Mosheh. Rabbi Michael Shelomo Bar-Ron, of Beith Midrash Ohel Mosheh, writes in his articled titled, THE 14 FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES OF OUR TORAH TRADITION: 1) Torah is a Gd-given constitutional law whose 613 Commandments are eternal and can never be changed. Even the domains of ethics, spirituality, and the basic principles of faith are included within the Commandments. Relating to Torah Law as a whole, and striving to obey the entire Law in the proper spirit (see Principle 12)—nothing more— is the essence of our Covenant with HaShem. Failure to keep the Law, or acting as if any part of it is no longer binding, breaches the Covenant. 2) The Torah was given to Moses in two forms: an oral form (the Oral Law), and a written form (the Written Law). It is impossible to fulfill the written form of the Law without the oral; the Oral Law is absolutely fundamental to the Covenant. 11) Learning Torah must only be done with the intention of putting into practice what one learns: Therefore, there is no such commandment as "to learn Torah" (as an intellectual exercise), but rather "to train in Torah"—to practice according to the plain and simple meaning of the text. Likewise, the opinion of most recognized Torah scholars—who mainly relate to Talmudic literature and Mishneh Torah on a theoretical level—cannot be compared to that of scholars who literally live by the <b>...</b>
http://wn.com/Understanding_Judaism_Part_2_Torath_Mosheh
Mr. Law School's (Sam E. Goldberg) first oral argument in law School
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 10:01
- Published: 25 Mar 2010
- Uploaded: 07 Jul 2011
- Author: mrlawschool
Sam E. Goldberg's first time doing an oral argument in preparation of appearing before the Judge. Year 1 semester 2 week 10 This is a case which involves Civil Procedure. The facts of the case are below..I represet the plaintiff and am arguing that the defendants motion to dismiss should be denied.
http://wn.com/Mr_Law_School's_Sam_E_Goldberg_first_oral_argument_in_law_School
History of the Talmud 1/7
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:44
- Published: 18 Dec 2009
- Uploaded: 10 Aug 2011
- Author: Greyshark09
Arte France production - History of the Talmud. This documentary by Pierre Henri Salfati explores the essence of Talmudic wisdom (Hebrew: תַּלְמוּד talmūd "instruction, learning", from a root lmd "teach, study"), which is a central text of mainstream Judaism, in the form of a record of rabbinic discussions pertaining to Jewish law, ethics, customs and history. The Talmud has two components: the Mishnah (compiled 200 CE), the first written compendium of Judaism's Oral Law; and the Gemara (compiled 500 CE), a discussion of the Mishnah and related Tannaitic writings that often ventures onto other subjects and expounds broadly on the Tanakh (Hebrew Bible). The terms Talmud and Gemara are often used interchangeably. The Gemara is the basis for all codes of rabbinic law and is much quoted in other rabbinic literature. The whole Talmud is also traditionally referred to as Shas (ש"ס), a Hebrew abbreviation of shisha sedarim, the "six orders" of the Mishnah. The process of "Gemara" proceeded in the two major centers of Jewish scholarship, the Land of Israel and Babylonia. Correspondingly, two bodies of analysis developed, and two works of Talmud were created. The older compilation is called the Jerusalem (Yerushalmi) Talmud. It was compiled during the fourth century in Israel. The Babylonian (Bavli) Talmud was compiled about the year 500 CE, although it continued to be edited later. The Oral Law was far from monolithic; rather, it varied among various schools. The most famous <b>...</b>
http://wn.com/History_of_the_Talmud_1/7
![Mishna & Talmud Not From Moses - Why Not Be Karaite? [p 3/6]](http://web.archive.org./web/20110910160822im_/http://i.ytimg.com/vi/yZrjt5FfXww/0.jpg "Mishna & Talmud Not From Moses - Why Not Be Karaite? [p 3/6]")
Mishna & Talmud Not From Moses - Why Not Be Karaite? [p 3/6]
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:01
- Published: 02 Apr 2009
- Uploaded: 19 Jun 2011
- Author: omedyashar
CLAIM 3) The words of the Mishnah and Talmud are clearly the words of men living in the 2nd-5th centuries CE and absent are the familiar Biblical formulae "And the Lord spoke unto Moses saying," and "Thus saith the Lord". This argument would only be a challenge if the Mishna and / or Talmud claimed themselves to be prophetic texts... but they don't claim to be prophetic texts. The Mishna and the Talmud claim to contain the legal rulings of the ancient Mosaic Court. The Tanakh ('old testament') constantly refers to these legislators and the divinely appointed authority given to them. (Examples will be given later in the clip.) The Tanakh does not only teach that prophets would be ordained by YHWH; it also teaches the positions of king, and of legislators, and of officers who inforce the legislation. The Mishna was simply the first code, authorized by the Mosaic Court, which was intended only to serve as a GUIDE for public teaching of the Oral Instruction. It was intentionally very abbrivated, since the Mosaic Court was still functioning at the time of its composition, and the members of the Court did not yet feel an immediate threat of being overthrown by invading occupied forced. The Mishna was not intended as an exhaustive codification of all the Oral Instruction, neither of the Oral Instruction from Sinai (halakha l-Mosha mi-sinai) or Oral Rabbinic Instruction (divrei sofrim) from the Mosaic Court. . CLAIM 4) The Rabbis claim that the "Oral Law" is the official <b>...</b>
http://wn.com/Mishna_Talmud_Not_From_Moses__Why_Not_Be_Karaite?_ p_3/6
History of the Talmud 2/7
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:44
- Published: 18 Dec 2009
- Uploaded: 29 Aug 2011
- Author: Greyshark09
Arte France production - History of the Talmud. This documentary by Pierre Henri Salfati explores the essence of Talmudic wisdom (Hebrew: תַּלְמוּד talmūd "instruction, learning", from a root LMD "teach, study"), which is a central text of mainstream Judaism, in the form of a record of rabbinic discussions pertaining to Jewish law, ethics, customs and history. The Talmud has two components: the Mishnah (compiled 200 CE), the first written compendium of Judaism's Oral Law; and the Gemara (compiled 500 CE), a discussion of the Mishnah and related Tannaitic writings that often ventures onto other subjects and expounds broadly on the Tanakh (Hebrew Bible). The terms Talmud and Gemara are often used interchangeably. The Gemara is the basis for all codes of rabbinic law and is much quoted in other rabbinic literature. The whole Talmud is also traditionally referred to as Shas (ש"ס), a Hebrew abbreviation of shisha sedarim, the "six orders" of the Mishnah. The process of "Gemara" proceeded in the two major centers of Jewish scholarship, the Land of Israel and Babylonia. Correspondingly, two bodies of analysis developed, and two works of Talmud were created. The older compilation is called the Jerusalem (Yerushalmi) Talmud. It was compiled during the fourth century in Israel. The Babylonian (Bavli) Talmud was compiled about the year 500 CE, although it continued to be edited later. The Oral Law was far from monolithic; rather, it varied among various schools. The most famous <b>...</b>
http://wn.com/History_of_the_Talmud_2/7
Talmud Exposed
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 10:00
- Published: 17 Mar 2010
- Uploaded: 27 May 2011
- Author: DostoievskiFan
Jewish TALMUD in english THE JEWISH TALMUD is Holy Writ for the Jews. The Talmud supercedes the Old Testament in authority for the Jews. And the Talmud is the most racist, hate-mongering , blasphemous book the world has ever known. The Talmud was written in Hebrew between the 3rd & 6th Centuries as a codification of the so-called Oral Law that the Jewish rabbis claim was handed down from Moses. But the Messiah Jesus censored the Oral Law when He said, By the traditions of your elders you make void the Word of God. (St Matthew 15). The English translation of the Talmud has been watered down so as to conceal from the Gentiles the satanic verses contained in the original Hebrew. The Satanic Verses of the Talmud can be classified into 3 categories: 1) Jewish Supremacy. 2) Hatred Towards The Goys (Gentiles). 3) Blasphemies Against Jesus Christ, The Virgin Mary, & All Christians.
http://wn.com/Talmud_Exposed
History of the Talmud 3/7
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:47
- Published: 19 Dec 2009
- Uploaded: 09 Aug 2011
- Author: Greyshark09
Arte France production - History of the Talmud. This documentary by Pierre Henri Salfati explores the essence of Talmudic wisdom (Hebrew: תַּלְמוּד talmūd "instruction, learning", from a root lmd "teach, study"), which is a central text of mainstream Judaism, in the form of a record of rabbinic discussions pertaining to Jewish law, ethics, customs and history. The Talmud has two components: the Mishnah (compiled 200 CE), the first written compendium of Judaism's Oral Law; and the Gemara (compiled 500 CE), a discussion of the Mishnah and related Tannaitic writings that often ventures onto other subjects and expounds broadly on the Tanakh (Hebrew Bible). The terms Talmud and Gemara are often used interchangeably. The Gemara is the basis for all codes of rabbinic law and is much quoted in other rabbinic literature. The whole Talmud is also traditionally referred to as Shas (ש"ס), a Hebrew abbreviation of shisha sedarim, the "six orders" of the Mishnah. The process of "Gemara" proceeded in the two major centers of Jewish scholarship, the Land of Israel and Babylonia. Correspondingly, two bodies of analysis developed, and two works of Talmud were created. The older compilation is called the Jerusalem (Yerushalmi) Talmud. It was compiled during the fourth century in Israel. The Babylonian (Bavli) Talmud was compiled about the year 500 CE, although it continued to be edited later. The Oral Law was far from monolithic; rather, it varied among various schools. The most famous <b>...</b>
http://wn.com/History_of_the_Talmud_3/7
Mr. Law School (Sam E. Goldberg) - Oral Argument - Default Judgment
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:25
- Published: 07 Oct 2010
- Uploaded: 26 Aug 2011
- Author: mrlawschool
Check out Sam E. Goldberg's second oral argument law school. He is arguing to set aside a default judgment which has been issued against his client. Sam represents the defendant in this case. Plaintiffs filed a complaint and the Defendants did not respond with an answer in given amount of days which vary by jurisdiction. In order to prove that a default judgment should be set aside there is a three prong test which needs to be proven (once again may vary by jurisdiction) 1. Reasonable neglect 2. Meritorious defenses 3. filed within reasonable time
http://wn.com/Mr_Law_School_Sam_E_Goldberg__Oral_Argument__Default_Judgment
History of the Talmud 5/7
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:43
- Published: 19 Dec 2009
- Uploaded: 05 Sep 2011
- Author: Greyshark09
Arte France production - History of the Talmud. This documentary by Pierre Henri Salfati explores the essence of Talmudic wisdom (Hebrew: תַּלְמוּד talmūd "instruction, learning", from a root LMD "teach, study"), which is a central text of mainstream Judaism, in the form of a record of rabbinic discussions pertaining to Jewish law, ethics, customs and history. The Talmud has two components: the Mishnah (compiled 200 CE), the first written compendium of Judaism's Oral Law; and the Gemara (compiled 500 CE), a discussion of the Mishnah and related Tannaitic writings that often ventures onto other subjects and expounds broadly on the Tanakh (Hebrew Bible). The terms Talmud and Gemara are often used interchangeably. The Gemara is the basis for all codes of rabbinic law and is much quoted in other rabbinic literature. The whole Talmud is also traditionally referred to as Shas (ש"ס), a Hebrew abbreviation of shisha sedarim, the "six orders" of the Mishnah. The process of "Gemara" proceeded in the two major centers of Jewish scholarship, the Land of Israel and Babylonia. Correspondingly, two bodies of analysis developed, and two works of Talmud were created. The older compilation is called the Jerusalem (Yerushalmi) Talmud. It was compiled during the fourth century in Israel. The Babylonian (Bavli) Talmud was compiled about the year 500 CE, although it continued to be edited later. The Oral Law was far from monolithic; rather, it varied among various schools. The most famous <b>...</b>
http://wn.com/History_of_the_Talmud_5/7
photo: Creative Commons
Torahs in Ashkenazi Synagogue (Istanbul, Turkey)
photo: US Coastguard / Lt. Cmdr. C. T. O'Neil)
MIAMI -- Coast Guard Lt. j.g. Rebecca Shults, assistant law enforcement duty officer in the District Seven Command Center, documents information passed from a boarding team during a boarding of a vessel Oct. 17, 2007. Shults is training to qualify as a law enforcement duty officer, a process that takes about four months, culminating with a written test and an oral board. (U.S. Coast Guard Photo by Lt. Cmdr. C. T. O'Neil) (181371) ( Assistant Law Enforcement Duty Officer (FOR RELEASE) )
photo: Creative Commons / Rabe
The old Building of the University and its library in 1815
photo: US Navy / Mass Communication Specialist 2nd Class Jessica Bidwell
Medical personnel perform an oral surgery procedure during a medical civic action project at Da Nang hospital.
photo: Creative Commons
Belt buckle. Gilt and silvered bronze and glass paste, Visigothic Aquitaine, 6th century. Found in 1868 in the Visigothic necropolis of Tressan, Hérault, Languedoc (Musée national du Moyen Âge)
photo: Creative Commons / Rabo
The Pauliner Church, once the seat of the University Library in which Heinrich Heine, the Brothers Grimm, and Goethe worked
photo: Creative Commons / Steve Pastor
Masai people and huts with Enkang barrier in foreground - eastern Serengeti, 2006. Masai society is strongly patriarchal in nature with elder men, sometimes joined by retired elders, deciding most major matters for each Maasai group. A full body of oral law covers many aspects of behavior.
photo: US Navy / Cpl. Samantha L. Jones
Hospital Corpsman 3rd Class Sondra R. LaForge assigned to the 1st Dental Battalion, Combat Logistics Battalion Five, 1st Marine Logistics Group performs oral surgery by extracting a tooth from the mouth of a soldier.
photo: Creative Commons
A Celtic bronze disc from the pre-Christian era, found near Derry
photo: Creative Commons / Gilabrand
Judaica
photo: Creative Commons
Reading of the Torah
photo: Creative Commons
Ruins of the O'Davoren law school at Cahermacnaghten, County Clare
photo: Creative Commons
The Attenborough Tower, home of many of the university's arts departments
photo: Creative Commons / BernardM
The Rig Veda is one of the oldest religious texts. This Rig Veda manuscript is in Devanagari
photo: GFDL / Sterilgutassistentin
Autoclaves such as this one are standard equipment in professional piercing studios, helping to prevent infection.
photo: Creative Commons
Christ drives the Usurers out of the Temple, a woodcut by Lucas Cranach the Elder in Passionary of Christ and Antichrist
photo: Creative Commons
Kahnawake
photo: Creative Commons
His statue in Bodrum, ancient Halicarnassus. He has been called "The Father of History" (first conferred by Cicero) and "The Father of Lies".[12] As these epithets imply, there has long been a debate—at least from the time of Cicero's On the Laws (Book 1, paragraph 5)—concerning the veracity of his tales and, more importantly, the extent to which he knew himself to be creating fabrications.
photo: Creative Commons
"Hamlet, Horatio, and the Gravediggers" by Eugène Delacroix.
photo: Creative Commons
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scottish_Gaelic
photo: Creative Commons
Isaac Blessing Jacob, painting by Govert Flinck (Rijksmuseum Amsterdam)
photo: Creative Commons
Dylan touring in The Netherlands, in 1984
photo: Creative Commons
History of the Greek language (see also: Greek alphabet)
photo: Creative Commons
Rest home for seniors in Český Těšín, Czech Republic
photo: Creative Commons
17th-century manuscript illustration showing Amblett, on whom Shakespeare's Hamlet is based
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Oral law
An oral law is a code of conduct in use in a given culture, religion or community application, by which a body of rules of human behaviour is transmitted by oral tradition and effectively respected, or the single rule that is orally transmitted.
a habit, or custom with legal relevance or when the formal law expressly refers to it (but in this latter case, it is properly an indirect source of legal rights and obligations);
a spoken command or order that has to be respected as a law (in most modern western legal systems, some dispositions can be issued by word in given cases of emergency).
An oral law, intended as a body of rules, can be admitted in jurisprudence as long as it shows some efficacy, therefore it needs that the law is public, the human action is evaluated by a judge (ordinarily producing a sentence according to the general interpretation of the law) and then a punishment has eventually to be put into effect. Some oral laws provide all these elements (for instance, some codes of conduct in use among criminal associations like mafia do have a well known law, a judge, a condemnation), while others usually miss some of them.
Constitution
Jurisprudence
Oral tradition
Revelation
*Uncodified constitution
Common Law
Finnegan, Ruth H., A Note on Oral Tradition and Historical Evidence, in History and Theory 10 (1970), 195-201.
Goody, J., & Watt,I., ? in J. Goody (ed.), Literacy in Traditional Societies (Cambridge, 1968)
Vansina, J., (tr. Wright), Oral Tradition:A Study in Historical Methodology (London, 1965)
Vansina, J., Oral Tradition as History (Wisconsin, 1985)
Finnegan, Ruth H., Oral Poetry: Its Nature, Significance and Social Context (Cambridge, 1977)
Henige, D.P., The Chronology of Oral Tradition: Quest for a Chimera (Oxford, 1974)
Henige, D.P., Oral Historiography (London, 1982)
Tonkin, Elizabeth, Narrating our Pasts: The Social Construction of Oral History (Cambridge, 1992).
Many cultures have an oral law, while most contemporary legal systems have a formal written organisation. The oral tradition (from the Latin tradere = to transmit) is the typical instrument of transmission of the oral codes or, in a more general sense, is the complex of what a culture transmits of itself among the generations, "from father to son". This kind of transmission can be due to lack of other means, such as in illiterate or criminal societies, or can be expressly required by the same law.
There has been a continuous debate over oral versus written transmission, with the focus on the perceived higher reliability of written evidence, primarily based on the "linear world of academia" where only written down records are accepted. However, "standard" theories of orality and literacy have been proposed.
Oral law in jurisprudence
From a legal point of view, an oral law can be:== Oral law in Judaism ==
Although the Hebrew term "Torah" is often translated as "Law", its actual meaning is "Instruction" or "Teaching". Rabbinic Judaism holds that the books of the Tanakh were transmitted in parallel with an oral tradition, as relayed by God to Moses and from him handed on to the scholarly and other religious leaders of each generation. Thus, in Judaism, the "Written Instruction" (Torah she-bi-khtav תורה שבכתב) comprises the Torah and the rest of the Tanakh; the "Oral Instruction" (Torah she-be'al peh תורה שבעל פה) was ultimately recorded in the Talmud (lit. "Learning") and Midrashim (lit. "Interpretations"). The interpretation of the Oral Torah is thus considered as the authoritative reading of the Written Torah. Further, Halakha (lit. "The Path", frequently translated as "Jewish Law") is based on a "Written Instruction" together with an "Oral Instruction". Jewish law and tradition is thus not based on a literal reading of the Tanakh, but on the combined oral and written tradition.
See also
Citations and notes
References
Further reading
Category:Legal history Category:Religious law Category:Law Category:Oral tradition
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