An itinerant is a person who travels from place to place with no fixed home. The term comes from late 16th century: from late Latin itinerant (travelling), from the verb itinerari, from Latin iter, itiner (journey, road).

Types of itinerants

Drifters (rogues, rovers, vagabonds, vagrants)

Perpetual travelers, including illegal aliens (migrants)

Nomads, including hunter-gatherers and

Hobos, including tramps, bums, derelicts

Refugees and displaced persons

Street people (street children, paupers, squatters, waifs, schnorrers)

World citizens

Itinerants throughout history and today

Freight Train Riders of America (freighthoppers in United States)

Romani people

Various indigenous peoples (indigenous peoples, including uncontacted peoples)

" (1856), depicting two vagrants.]]

Afar people in Horn of Africa

Bajau of Philippines

Banjara of India

Bedouin (nomadic Arab people of the desert)

Beja people in North Africa

Bushmen of Southern Africa

Dom people in North Africa and Southwest Asia

Eurasian nomads of Eurasian Steppe

Ghilzai in South-Central Asia

Indigenous Australians

Indigenous Norwegian Travellers

Indigenous peoples of the Americas

Irish Travellers

Kuchi people of Afghanistan

Nomads of India

Pygmy peoples in Equatorial Africa and parts of Southeast Asia

Quinqui in northeren half of Spain)

Scottish Travellers

Yeniche people in Europe

Carnies (travelling show-people)

Hippies, including New Age travellers and Rainbow Travellers

Jossers (circus artists)

Kobzari (musicians of Ukraine)

Lightermen (bargees in England)

Peredvizhniki (realist artists of Russia)

Swagmen (homeless transients in Australia and New Zealand)

Circuit riders and Gyrovagues (Christian ministers and monks)

Bhikkhus (Buddhist monks)

Mendicants (beggars of Christianity, Hinduism, Islam, Jainism and Buddhism)

Pilgrims (religious travellers)

Sadhus (Jain monks)

Notable itinerants

camp in Stampede Trail, Alaska, 1992.]]

Albert Einstein

Christopher McCandless

Democritus

Diogenes of Sinope

Friedrich Nietzsche

Jean-Jacques Rousseau

Mark Twain

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi

Paul Erdős

Gautama Buddha

Historical Jesus

See also

Anarcho-primitivism

Human migration

Illegal immigration

Multiculturalism

Simple living

Travel

References

Further reading

Category:Cultural anthropology Category:Simple living Category:Sociology Category:Adventure travel Category:Backpacking Category:Homelessness Category:Human migration Category:Modern nomads Category:Nomads Category:Travel

Name	Ian Dury
Landscape	Yes
Background	solo_singer
Birth name	Ian Robins Dury
Birth date	May 12, 1942
Birth place	Harrow, Middlesex, England, UK
Origin	Upminster, England, UK
Death date	March 27, 2000
Instrument	Vocals, drums
Genre	Rock and roll revival, protopunk, New Wave, funk
Occupation	Singer, lyricist, actor
Years active	1971–2000
Label	Dawn, Stiff, Polydor, Demon, Ronnie Harris
Associated acts	Kilburn & the High Roads, The Blockheads
Url	IanDury.com
Type	single
Filename	Ian Dury And The Blockheads - Hit Me With Your Rhythm Stick excerpt.ogg
Format	Ogg
Title	"Hit Me With Your Rhythm Stick"}}

}}

Ian Robins Dury (12 May 1942 – 27 March 2000) was an English rock and roll singer, lyricist, bandleader and actor who initially rose to fame during the late 1970s, during the punk and New Wave era of rock music. He is best known as founder, frontman, and lead singer of the British band Ian Dury and the Blockheads, who were one of the groups of the New Wave era in the UK.

Biography

Early life

Dury was born in north-west London at his parents' home at 43 Weald Rise, Harrow Weald, Harrow (although he often pretended, and indeed all but one of his obituaries in the national press stated, that he was born in Upminster, Havering). His father, William George Dury (born 23 September 1905, Southborough, Kent; died 25 February 1968), was a bus driver and former boxer, while his mother Margaret (known as Peggy, born Margaret Cuthbertson Walker, 17 April 1910, Rochdale, Lancashire) was a health visitor, the daughter of a Cornish doctor, and granddaughter of an Irish landowner.

William Dury trained with Rolls-Royce to be a chauffeur, and was then absent for long periods, so Peggy Dury took Ian to stay with her parents in Cornwall. After the Second World War, the family moved to Switzerland, where his father chauffeured for a millionaire and the Western European Union. In 1946 Peggy brought Ian back to England and they stayed with her sister, Mary, a physician in Cranham, a small village bordering Upminster. Although he saw his father on visits, they never lived together again.

At the age of seven, he contracted polio; very likely, he believed, from a swimming pool at Southend on Sea during the 1949 polio epidemic. After six weeks in a full plaster cast in Truro hospital, he was moved to Black Notley Hospital, Braintree, Essex, where he spent a year and a half before going to Chailey Heritage Craft School, East Sussex, in 1951. Chailey was a school and hospital for disabled children, and believed in toughening them up, contributing to the observant and determined person Dury became. Chailey taught trades such as cobbling and printing, but Dury's mother wanted him to be more academic, so his aunt Moll arranged for him to enter the Royal Grammar School, High Wycombe which he attended until the age of 16 when he left to study painting at Walthamstow Art College, having gained GCE 'O' Levels in English Language, English Literature and Art.

From 1964 he studied art at the Royal College of Art under British artist Peter Blake, and in 1967 took part in a group exhibition, Fantasy and Figuration, alongside Pat Douthwaite, Herbert Kitchen and Stass Paraskos at the Institute of Contemporary Arts in London. When asked why he did not pursue a career in art, he said, "I got good enough [at art] to realise I wasn't going to be very good." From 1967 he taught art at various colleges in the south of England. Dury divorced Rathmell in 1985, but remained on good terms.

Kilburn & the High Roads

Dury formed Kilburn & the High Roads (a pun on the road in North West London) in November 1970. Dury was vocalist and lyricist, co-writing with pianist Russell Hardy and later enrolling into the group a number of the students he was teaching at Canterbury College of Art, including guitarist Keith Lucas (who later became the guitarist for 999 under the name Nick Cash) and bassist Humphrey Ocean. Managed by Charlie Gillett and Gordon Nelki, the Kilburns found favour on London's Pub Rock circuit and signed to Dawn Records in 1974, but despite favourable press coverage and a tour opening for The Who, the group failed to rise above cult status and disbanded in 1975.

The Blockheads

, Chalk Farm, London, 1978]] Under the management of Andrew King and Peter Jenner, the original managers of Pink Floyd, Ian Dury and the Blockheads quickly gained a reputation as one of the top live acts of New Wave music. They built up a dedicated following in the UK and other countries and scored several hit singles, including "What a Waste", "Hit Me With Your Rhythm Stick" (which was a UK number one at the beginning of 1979, selling just short of a million copies), "Reasons to be Cheerful, Part 3" (number three in the UK in 1979), and the rock and roll anthem, "Sex & Drugs & Rock & Roll". (Although it is sometimes claimed that Dury coined the phrase, there is evidence that it was already in common use and a virtually identical wording was used by Australian band Daddy Cool for the title of their second album Sex, Dope & Rock'n'Roll: Teenage Heaven, released in 1972) The tune is based on part of Charlie Haden's bass solo on "Ramblin'" on Ornette Coleman's 1959 album Change of the Century.)

Dury's lyrics are a distinctive combination of lyrical poetry, word play, observation of British everyday (working-class) life, acute character sketches, and vivid, earthy sexual humour. "This is what we find ... [H]ome improvement expert Harold Hill of Harold Hill, Of do-it-yourself dexterity and double-glazing skill, Came home to find another gentleman's kippers in the grill, So he sanded off his winkle with his Black & Decker drill." The song "Billericay Dickie" continues this sexual content, rhyming "I had a love affair with Nina, In the back of my Cortina" with "A seasoned-up hyena, Could not have been more obscener".

The Blockheads' sound drew from its members' diverse musical influences, which included jazz, rock and roll, funk, and reggae, and Dury's love of music hall. The band was formed after Dury began writing songs with pianist and guitarist Chaz Jankel (the brother of noted music video, TV, commercial and film director Annabel Jankel). Jankel took Dury's lyrics, fashioned a number of songs, and they began recording with members of Radio Caroline's Loving Awareness Band—drummer Charley Charles (born Hugh Glenn Mortimer Charles, Guyana 1945), bassist Norman Watt-Roy, keyboard player Mick Gallagher, guitarist John Turnbull -- and former Kilburns saxophonist Davey Payne. An album was completed, but major record labels passed on the band. However, next door to Dury's manager's office was the newly formed Stiff Records, a perfect home for Dury's maverick style. Their classic single, "Sex & Drugs & Rock and Roll", marked Dury's Stiff debut and although it was banned by the BBC it was named Single of the Week by NME on its release. It was soon followed by the album New Boots and Panties!!, which was eventually to achieve platinum status. In October 1977 Dury and his band started performing as Ian Dury & The Blockheads, when the band signed on for the Stiff "Live Stiffs Tour" alongside Elvis Costello And The Attractions, Nick Lowe, Wreckless Eric, and Larry Wallis. The tour was a success, and Stiff launched a concerted Ian Dury marketing campaign, resulting in the Top Ten hit, "What a Waste", and the classic hit single, "Hit Me With Your Rhythm Stick", which reached #1 in the UK, was notably not included on the original release of their subsequent LP Do It Yourself. Both the single and its accompanying music video featured Davey Payne simultaneously playing dual saxophones during his solo, in evident homage to jazz saxophonist Rahsaan Roland Kirk, whose 'trademark' technique this was.

The band's second album Do It Yourself was released in June 1979 in a Barney Bubbles-designed sleeve of which there were over a dozen variations, all based on samples from the Crown wallpaper catalogue. Bubbles also designed the Blockhead logo (illustrated on the left) which received international acclaim, and continued to be used by the Blockheads after Dury's death, e.g. on their DVD: Live in Colchester 2004.

Jankel left the band temporarily and relocated to the U.S. after the release of "What A Waste" (his organ part on that single was overdubbed later) but he subsequently returned to the UK and began touring sporadically with the Blockheads, eventually returning to the group full-time for the recording of "Hit Me With Your Rhythm Stick"; according to Mickey Gallagher, the band recorded 28 takes of the song but eventually settled on the second take for the single release. Partly due to personality clashes with Dury, The Blockheads disbanded in early 1982 after Dury secured a new recording deal with Polydor Records through A&R; man Frank Neilson. Choosing to work with a group of young musicians which he named The Music Students, he recorded the album Four Thousand Weeks' Holiday. This album marked a departure from his usual style and was not as well received by fans for its American jazz influence.

The Blockheads briefly reformed in June 1987 to play a short tour of Japan, and then disbanded again. In September 1990, following the death from cancer of drummer Charley Charles, they reunited for two benefit concerts in aid of Charles' family, held at The Forum, Kentish Town, with Steven Monti on drums. In December 1990, augmented by Merlin Rhys-Jones on guitar and Will Parnell on percussion, they recorded the live album Warts & Audience at the Brixton Academy.

Dury wrote and performed the theme song "Profoundly in Love with Pandora" for the television series The Secret Diary of Adrian Mole, Aged 13 3/4 (1985), based on the book of the same name by Sue Townsend, as well as its follow-up, The Growing Pains of Adrian Mole (1987). Dury turned down an offer from Andrew Lloyd Webber to write the libretto for Cats (from which Richard Stilgoe reportedly earned millions). The reason, said Dury, "I can't stand his music." "... I said no straight off. I hate Andrew Lloyd Webber. He's a wanker, isn't he? ... [E]very time I hear 'Don't Cry for Me Argentina' I feel sick, it's so bad. He got Richard Stilgoe to do the lyrics in the end, who's not as good as me. He made millions out of it. He's crap, but he did ask the top man first!"

When AIDS first came to prominence in the mid-1980s, Dury was among celebrities who appeared on UK television to promote safe sex, demonstrating how to put on a condom using a model of an erect penis. In the 1990s, he became an ambassador for UNICEF, recruiting stars such as Robbie Williams to publicise the cause. The two visited Sri Lanka in this capacity to promote polio vaccination. Dury appeared with Curve on the Peace Together concert and CD (1993), performing "What a Waste", with benefits to the Youth of Northern Ireland. He also supported the charity Cancer BACUP.

Dury appeared in the Classic Albums episode that focused on Steely Dan's album, Aja. Dury commented that the album was one of the most "hopeful" he'd ever heard, and that the album "lifted [his] spirits up" whenever he played it. He also felt that it showed Steely Dan's love for jazz musicians and that it had "California in its blood...[even though it was recorded by] boys from New York."

Dury also appeared at the end of the Carter USM track 'Skywest & Crooked' narrating from the book Don Quixote. The track appeared on the Carter USM album 1992 The Love Album.

Illness

It was known for some time before his death that Dury had cancer. He was diagnosed with colorectal cancer in 1996 and underwent surgery, but tumours were later found in his liver, and he was told that his condition was terminal. Upon learning of his illness Dury took the opportunity to marry his girlfriend, sculptress Sophy Tilson, with whom he had two children, Billy and Albert.

In 1998, his death was incorrectly announced on XFM radio by Bob Geldof, possibly due to hoax information from a listener.

In 1999, Dury collaborated with Madness on their first original album in fourteen years on the track "Drip Fed Fred". Suggs and the band cite him as a great influence. It was to be one of his last recordings.

Ian Dury & The Blockheads' last performance was a charity concert in aid of Cancer BACUP on 6 February 2000 at The London Palladium, supported by Kirsty MacColl and Phill Jupitus. Dury was noticeably ill and had to be helped on and off stage.

Death

Dury died of metastatic colorectal cancer on 27 March 2000, aged 57. An obituary in The Guardian read: "one of few true originals of the English music scene".

Principal photography for the biopic Sex & Drugs & Rock & Roll began in May 2009. Starring Andy Serkis as Dury, the film was released on 8 January 2010. Ray Winstone and Naomie Harris also appeared.

Discography

See also

Barney Bubbles

Stiff Records

Bus Driver's Prayer

Sex & Drugs & Rock & Roll (film)

Quotations

NME - December 1977 NME - June 1979

References

Further reading

Guinness Book of British Hit Singles 7th Edition

George McKay (2009). '"Crippled with nerves": popular music and polio, with particular reference to Ian Dury'. Popular Music vol. 28:3, pp. 341–365.

External links

theblockheads.com: The Blockheads' Biography

theblockheads.com: The Blockheads' Discography

New Ian Dury Biography by Will Birch

Guardian obituary for Ian Dury

Jools Holland biography of Ian Dury (archived 2003)

BBC News website report on Dury's funeral

BBC Music artist biography

Dury's obituary in The Times

17 August 1998 interview with The Independent ("Ian Dury: Great sense of tumour")

Institute for Performing Arts Development

Category:1942 births Category:2000 deaths Category:Academics of the University for the Creative Arts Category:Alumni of the Royal College of Art Category:English male singers Category:Old Wycombiensians Category:People from Harrow Category:People from Upminster Category:People from Cornwall Category:Pub rock musical groups Category:Protopunk musicians Category:Poliomyelitis

Caption	At the 66th Venice International Film Festival, September 2009
Birth name	Julie Anne Smith
Birth date	December 03, 1960
Birth place	Fayetteville, North Carolina, U.S.
Occupation	Actress
Spouse
Years active	1983–present

Julianne Moore (born December 3, 1960) is an American actress and a children's book author.

She began her acting career in 1983 in minor roles, before joining the cast of the soap opera As the World Turns, for which she won a Daytime Emmy Award in 1988. She began to appear in supporting roles in films during the early 1990s, achieving recognition in several independent films before her performance in Boogie Nights (1997) brought her widespread attention and nominations for several major acting awards. Her success continued with films such as The End of the Affair (1999) and Magnolia (1999). She was acclaimed for her portrayal of a betrayed wife in Far from Heaven (2002), winning several critic awards as best actress of the year, in addition to several other nominations, including the Academy Award, Golden Globe, and Screen Actors Guild Award. The same year she was also nominated for several awards as best supporting actress for her work in The Hours.

Early life

Moore was born Julie Anne Smith at Fort Bragg, near Fayetteville, North Carolina. Her mother, the late Anne McNeil McLean (née Love), was a psychiatric social worker who emigrated from Greenock, Scotland, and her father, Peter Moore Smith, a New Jersey native, was a military lawyer, judge, helicopter pilot, and army colonel. She has a younger sister, Valerie, and younger brother, novelist Peter Moore Smith III. Growing up as an "army brat", she lived in several places across the United States and Germany.

Career

Acting

Moore moved to New York City in 1983, working as a waitress and performing in bit parts before being cast in the dual roles of Frannie Hughes and Sabrina Hughes on the soap opera As the World Turns, for which she won a Daytime Emmy Award; she played the roles from 1985 to 1988. Critics noted the importance of this role in establishing her as an actress to take seriously. In addition, her performance on Vanya on 42nd Street, a filmed version of Chekhov's play, earned her critical recognition as being more than just a "blockbuster film" actress, with film critic Kenneth Turan calling her work in the film "a revelation". For this role, Moore won "Best Actress" from the Boston Society of Film Critics.

During the late 1990s and early 2000s, Moore appeared in a series of films that received Oscar recognition, including her roles in Boogie Nights (Best Supporting Actress nomination), The End of the Affair (Best Actress nomination), and her two 2002 films, The Hours (Best Supporting Actress nomination) and Far from Heaven (Best Actress nomination), for which she also won "Best Actress" from numerous critics groups (see below for a list) and from the Venice Film Festival. 2006 also saw the releasing of three of her films: Freedomland, which opened in February to mixed reviews, followed by Trust the Man, directed by her husband Bart Freundlich, and the critically acclaimed science fiction feature Children of Men. The following year she appeared opposite Nicolas Cage and Jessica Biel in Next, a science fiction action film based on The Golden Man, a short story by Philip K. Dick; and the controversial incest film Savage Grace, the story of a high-society mother and son whose Oedipal relationship ends in tragedy. In 2008, she starred alongside Mark Ruffalo in Blindness, a thriller from director Fernando Meirelles.

The next year Moore appeared opposite Colin Firth in the well-received American drama A Single Man, for which she received her fifth Golden Globe nomination. When the cancellation of As the World Turns was announced in late 2009, Moore decided to honor the soap that brought her fame and temporarily returned for a few days as Frannie Hughes, to which fans responded with great admiration. During the 2009–2010 season of 30 Rock, she had a guest role as Nancy Donovan, a love interest for Alec Baldwin's character.

In 2010, Moore starred in the erotic thriller Chloe, theatrically released by Sony Pictures Classics and grossing $3 million in the United States. Moore next appeared in the comedy-drama The Kids Are All Right, co-starring Annette Bening and Mark Ruffalo. The film was both a critical and commercial success, garnering a Gotham Awards nomination for Best Ensemble Performance and an Independent Spirit Awards nomination for Best Film.

Writing

In October 2007, Moore made her literary debut with the publication of Freckleface Strawberry, a children's book based on her experiences as a child. In April 2009, Moore followed up with a second children's book titled Freckleface Strawberry and the Dodgeball Bully.

Personal life

Moore was married to John Gould Rubin from 1986 to 1995. In 1996, she began a relationship with director Bart Freundlich, whom she wed on August 23, 2003. The couple had two children prior to their marriage: a son, Caleb (b. December 4, 1997), and a daughter, Liv Helen (b. April 11, 2002). Even though Moore has been a prolific actress for nearly three decades, she is now focusing on raising her two children, from walking them to school to cooking dinner. In a Cookie interview, Moore says she picks roles in movies that film in the summer so her family can accompany her: "My husband and I are very fortunate, because we have flexible jobs," she says. "If you talk to parents, that's what they're trying to do — have as much flexibility as possible." She lives with her family in the West Village neighborhood of Manhattan.

She is a pro-choice activist and during the 2004 presidential election donated $2,000 to John Kerry's presidential campaign. Since 2002, she has been involved with the TS Alliance to raise awareness of tuberous sclerosis and is an Artist Ambassador for Save the Children's programs in the United States.

She actively supports same-sex marriage.

Filmography

{| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Year ! Film ! Role ! class="unsortable" | Notes |- | 1984 | | Carmen Engler | |- | 1985–1988, 1986–1988 | As the World Turns | Frannie HughesSabrina Hughes | Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Younger Actress in a Drama Series |- | 1987 | I'll Take Manhattan | India West | |- | 1990 | | Susan | |- | 1990 | An Adult Comedy | Lead | TV Pilot, produced by Sarah Lawson |- | 1991 | Cast a Deadly Spell | Connie Stone | |- | 1992 | | Marlene Craven | Nominated—Saturn Award for Best Supporting Actress |- | 1992 | | Elinor | |- | 1993 | Body of Evidence | Sharon Dulaney | |- | 1993 | Benny & Joon | Ruthie | |- | 1993 | | Dr. Anne Eastman | |- | 1993 | Short Cuts | Marian Wyman | Golden Globe Special Ensemble AwardVolpi CupNominated—Independent Spirit Award for Best Supporting Female |- | 1994 | Vanya on 42nd Street | Yelena | Boston Society of Film Critics Award for Best ActressNominated—Chlotrudis Award for Best Actress |- | 1995 | Roommates | Beth Holzcek | |- | 1995 | Safe | Carol White | Nominated—Chlotrudis Award for Best ActressNominated—Independent Spirit Award for Best Lead Female |- | 1995 | Nine Months | Rebecca Taylor | |- | 1995 | Assassins | Electra | |- | 1996 | Surviving Picasso | Dora Maar | |- | 1997 | | Dr. Sarah Harding | Nominated—Blockbuster Entertainment Award for Favorite Actress – Sci-Fi |- | 1997 | | Mia | Nominated—Online Film Critics Society Award for Best Supporting Actress |- | 1997 | Boogie Nights | Amber Waves | Florida Film Critics Circle Award for Best Supporting ActressFlorida Film Critics Circle Award for Best CastNational Society of Film Critics Award for Best Supporting ActressSatellite Award for Best Supporting Actress – Motion PictureNominated—Academy Award for Best Supporting ActressNominated—Chlotrudis Award for Best Supporting Actress (also for The Myth of Fingerprints)Nominated—Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress – Motion PictureNominated—Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Supporting RoleNominated—Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture |- | 1998 | | Maude Lebowski | Nominated—Satellite Award for Best Supporting Actress – Motion Picture |- | 1998 | Hellcab | Distraught Woman | |- | 1998 | Psycho | Lila Crane | |- | 1999 | Cookie's Fortune | Cora Duvall | Dallas-Fort Worth Film Critics Association Award for Best Supporting Actress |- | 1999 | | Mrs. Laura Cheveley | Nominated—Chicago Film Critics Association Award for Best Supporting ActressNominated—Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Motion Picture Musical or ComedyNominated—Satellite Award for Best Actress – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy |- | 1999 | A Map of the World | Theresa Collins | |- | 1999 | | Sarah Miles | Nominated—Academy Award for Best ActressNominated—BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading RoleNominated—Chicago Film Critics Association Award for Best ActressNominated—Chlotrudis Award for Best Actress (also for An Ideal Husband)Nominated—Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Motion Picture DramaNominated—London Film Critics Circle Award for Best ActressNominated—Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Leading Role |- | 1999 | Magnolia | Linda Partridge | Florida Film Critics Circle Award for Best CastNational Board of Review Award for Best Supporting ActressNational Board of Review Award for Best CastNominated—Online Film Critics Society Award for Best Supporting ActressNominated—Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Supporting RoleNominated—Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion PictureNominated—Blockbuster Entertainment Award for Favorite Supporting Actress – Drama |- | 2000 | | Audrey | |- | 2000 | Not I | Mouth | |- | 2001 | Hannibal | Agent Clarice Starling | Nominated—Saturn Award for Best Actress |- | 2001 | Evolution | Dr. Allison Reed | |- | 2001 | | Wavey Prowse | |- | 2001 | World Traveler | Dulcie | |- | 2002 | Far from Heaven | Cathy Whitaker | Broadcast Film Critics Association Award for Best ActressChicago Film Critics Association Award for Best ActressChlotrudis Award for Best ActressDallas-Fort Worth Film Critics Association Award for Best ActressFlorida Film Critics Circle Award for Best ActressIndependent Spirit Award for Best Lead FemaleKansas City Film Critics Circle Award for Best ActressLondon Film Critics Circle Award for Best ActressLos Angeles Film Critics Association Award for Best Actress (also for The Hours)National Board of Review Award for Best ActressOnline Film Critics Society Award for Best ActressPhoenix Film Critics Society Award for Best ActressSan Diego Film Critics Society Award for Best ActressSeattle Film Critics Association Award for Best ActressSoutheastern Film Critics Association Award for Best ActressToronto Film Critics Association Award for Best ActressVancouver Film Critics Circle Award for Best ActressWashington D.C. Area Film Critics Association for Best ActressVolpi CupVillage Voice Film Poll - Best Lead PerformanceNominated—Academy Award for Best ActressNominated—Empire Award for Best ActressNominated—Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Motion Picture DramaNominated—Satellite Award for Best Actress – Motion Picture DramaNominated—Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Leading Role |- | 2002 | | Laura Brown | Silver Bear for Best Actress (shared with Meryl Streep and Nicole Kidman)Los Angeles Film Critics Association Award for Best Actress (also for Far from Heaven)Nominated—Academy Award for Best Supporting ActressNominated—BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Supporting RoleNominated—Chicago Film Critics Association Award for Best Supporting ActressNominated—Las Vegas Film Critics Society Award for Best Supporting ActressNominated—Phoenix Film Critics Society Award for Best CastNominated—Satellite Award for Best Actress – Motion Picture DramaNominated—Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion PictureNominated—Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Supporting Role |- | 2004 | Marie and Bruce | Marie | |- | 2004 | Laws of Attraction | Audrey Woods | |- | 2004 | | Telly Paretta | Nominated—Saturn Award for Best Actress |- | 2005 | | Evelyn Ryan | Nominated—Satellite Award for Best Actress – Motion Picture Drama |- | 2005,2007 | | Herself | Cameo in the initial 2005 indie-film festival winner, which later became the pilot for the 2007 TV series The Naked Brothers Band, created by her celebrity family-friend, the actress Polly Draper. |- | 2006 | Freedomland | Brenda Martin | |- | 2006 | Trust the Man | Rebecca | |- | 2006 | Children of Men | Julian | |- | 2007 | Next | Callie Ferris | |- | 2007 | I'm Not There | Alice | |- | 2008 | Savage Grace | Barbara Daly Baekeland | |- | 2008 | Eagle Eye | ARIIA | (voice) (uncredited) |- | 2008 | Blindness | Doctor's Wife | Nominated—Saturn Award for Best Actress |- | 2009 | | Kat | |- | 2009 | | Charlotte | Hollywood Film Festival Best Supporting ActressNominated—Broadcast Film Critics Association Award for Best Supporting ActressNominated—Chicago Film Critics Association Award for Best Supporting ActressNominated—Chlotrudis Award for Best Supporting ActressNominated—Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress – Motion PictureNominated—Washington D.C. Area Film Critics Association for Best Supporting Actress |- | 2009 | Chloe | Catherine | |- | 2009 | 30 Rock | Nancy Donovan | Episodes: "Secret Santa", "Winter Madness", "Lee Marvin vs. Derek Jeter", "Emanuelle Goes to Dinosaur Land", and "I Do Do" |- | 2010 | Shelter | Cara | |- | 2010 | | Jules | Nominated—Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Motion Picture Musical or ComedyNominated—Houston Film Critics Society Award for Best Supporting ActressNominated—Satellite Award for Best Actress – Motion Picture Musical or ComedyNominated—Gotham Awards for Best Ensemble Performance Nominated—Phoenix Film Critics Society Award for Best ActressNominated—Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture |- | 2010 | Boone's Lick | Mary Margaret | in pre-production |}

Other appearances

On December 11, 2005, Moore and actress Salma Hayek co-hosted the annual Nobel Peace Prize concert in Oslo, Norway.

On November 30, 2006, The Vertical Hour, directed by Sam Mendes, opened on Broadway.

References

External links

People in Film: Julianne Moore – Focus Features

CBS News interview (September 30, 2005)

IGN Films interview (April 29, 2004)

Julianne Moore at Rotten Tomatoes

Julianne Moore interview for The Kids Are All Right

Julianne Moore Q&A; for theartsdesk.com (July 24, 2010)

Category:1960 births Category:Actors from North Carolina Category:American actors of Scottish descent Category:American film actors Category:American soap opera actors Category:American stage actors Category:American television actors Category:Boston University alumni Category:Daytime Emmy Award winners Category:Independent Spirit Award for Best Female Lead winners Category:Living people Category:Military brats Category:People from Fayetteville, North Carolina Category:People from Greenwich Village, New York

Name	Isamu Noguchi
Caption	Isamu Noguchi, 1941.
Birthdate	November 17, 1904
Birthplace	Los Angeles, California
Deathdate	December 30, 1988
Deathplace	New York City, New York
Nationality	American
Field	Sculpture, landscape architecture, furniture design
Movement	Biomorphism
Works	Red Cube (New York City), Black Sun (Seattle), Sky Gate (Honolulu), Akari lanterns, Herman Miller lounge table
Awards	Logan Medal of the arts (Art Institute of Chicago), 1963; Gold Medal, Architectural League of New York, 1965; Brandeis Creative Arts Award, 1966; Gold Medal (American Academy of Arts and Letters), 1977; Order of the Sacred Treasure; National Medal of Arts (1987)

was a prominent Japanese American artist and landscape architect whose artistic career spanned six decades, from the 1920s onward. Known for his sculpture and public works, Noguchi also designed stage sets for various Martha Graham productions, and several mass-produced lamps and furniture pieces, some of which are still manufactured and sold.

Among his furniture work was his collaboration with the Herman Miller company in 1948 when he joined with George Nelson, Paul László and Charles Eames to produce a catalog containing what is often considered to be the most influential body of modern furniture . His work lives on around the world and at the Noguchi Museum in New York City.

Biography

Early life (1904–1922)

Isamu Noguchi was born in Los Angeles, the illegitimate son of Yone Noguchi, a Japanese poet who was acclaimed in the United States, and Léonie Gilmour, an American writer who edited much of Yone Noguchi's work.

Yone had ended his relationship with Gilmour earlier that year and planned to marry his true romance, The Washington Post reporter Ethel Armes. After proposing to Ethel Armes, Yone left for Japan in late August, settling in Tokyo and awaiting her arrival; their engagement fell through months later when she learned of Léonie and her newborn son.

In 1906, Yone invited Léonie to come to Tokyo with their son. She at first refused, but growing anti-Japanese sentiment following the Russo–Japanese War eventually convinced her to take up Yone's offer. The two departed from San Francisco in March 1907, arriving in Yokohama to meet Yone. Upon arrival, their son was finally given the name Isamu (, "courage"). However, Yone had taken a Japanese wife by the time they arrived, and was mostly absent from his son's childhood. After again separating from Yone, Léonie and Isamu moved several times throughout Japan.

In 1912, while the two were living in Chigasaki, Isamu's half-sister, pioneer of the American Modern Dance movement Ailes Gilmour, was born to Léonie and an unknown father. Here, Léonie had a house built for the three of them, a project that she had the 8-year-old Isamu "oversee". Nurturing her son's artistic ability, she put him in charge of their garden and apprenticed him to a local carpenter. However, they moved once again in December 1917 to an English-speaking community in Yokohama.

In 1918, Noguchi was sent back to the U.S. for schooling in Rolling Prairie, Indiana. After graduation, he left with Dr. Edward Rumely to LaPorte, where he found boarding with a Swedenborgian pastor, Samuel Mack. Noguchi began attending La Porte High School, graduating in 1922.

Early artistic career (1922–1927)

After high school, Noguchi explained his desire to become an artist to Rumely; though he preferred that Noguchi become a doctor, he acknowledged Noguchi's request and sent him to Connecticut to work as an apprentice to his friend Gutzon Borglum. Best known as the creator of Mount Rushmore National Memorial, Borglum was at the time working on the group called Wars of America for the city of Newark, New Jersey, a piece that includes forty two figures and two equestrian sculptures. As one of Borglum's apprentices, Noguchi received little training as a sculptor; his tasks included arranging the horses and modeling for the monument as General Sherman. He did, however, pick up some skills in casting from Borglum's Italian assistants, later fashioning a bust of Abraham Lincoln. At summer's end, Borglum told Noguchi that he would never become a sculptor, prompting him to reconsider Rumely's prior suggestion.

He then traveled to New York City, reuniting with the Rumely family at their new residence, and with Dr. Rumely's financial aid enrolled in February 1922 as a premedical student at Columbia University. Soon after, he met the bacteriologist Hideyo Noguchi, who urged him to reconsider art, as well as the Japanese dancer Michio Itō, whose celebrity status later helped Noguchi find acquaintances in the art world. Another influence was his mother, who in 1923 moved from Japan to California, then later to New York.

In 1924, while still enrolled at Columbia, Noguchi followed his mother's advice to take night classes at the Leonardo da Vinci Art School. The school's head, Onorio Ruotolo, was immediately impressed by Noguchi's work. Only three months later, Noguchi held his first exhibit, a selection of plaster and terra cotta works. He soon dropped out of Columbia University to pursue sculpture full-time, changing his name from Gilmour (the surname he had used for years) to Noguchi.

After moving into his own studio, Noguchi found work through commissions for portrait busts, he won the Logan Medal of the arts. During this time, he frequented avant-garde shows at the galleries of such modernists as Alfred Stieglitz and J. B. Neuman, and took a particular interest in a show of the works of Romanian sculptor Constantin Brancusi.

In late 1926, Noguchi applied for a Guggenheim Fellowship. In his letter of application, he proposed to study stone and wood cutting and to gain "a better understanding of the human figure" in Paris for a year, then spend another year traveling through Asia, exhibit his work, and return to New York. He was awarded the grant despite being three years short of the age requirement.

Early travels (1927–1937)

Noguchi arrived in Paris in April 1927 and soon afterward met the American author Robert McAlmon, who brought him to Brancusi's studio for an introduction. Despite a language barrier between the two artists (Noguchi barely spoke French, and Brancusi did not speak English), Noguchi was taken in as Brancusi's assistant for the next seven months. During this time, Noguchi gained his footing in stone sculpture, a medium with which he was unacquainted, though he would later admit that one of Brancusi's greatest teachings was to appreciate "the value of the moment." Meanwhile, Noguchi found himself in good company in France, with letters of introduction from Michio Itō helping him to meet such artists as Jules Pascin and Alexander Calder, who lived in the studio of Arno Breker. They became friends and Breker did a bronze bust of Noguchi.

Noguchi only produced one sculpture – his marble Sphere Section – in his first year, but during his second year he stayed in Paris and continued his training in stoneworking with the Italian sculptor Mateo Hernandes, producing over twenty more abstractions of wood, stone and sheet metal. Noguchi's next major destination was to be India, from which he would travel east; he arrived in London to read up on Oriental Sculpture, but was denied the extension to the Guggenheim Fellowship he needed.

In February 1929, he left for New York City. Brancusi had recommended that Noguchi visit Romany Marie's café in Greenwich Village. Noguchi did so and there met Buckminster Fuller, with whom he collaborated on several projects, including the modeling of Fuller's Dymaxion car.

Upon his return, Noguchi's abstract sculptures made in Paris were exhibited in his first one-man show at the Eugene Schoen Gallery. After none of his works sold, Noguchi altogether abandoned abstract art for portrait busts in order to support himself. He soon found himself accepting commissions from wealthy and celebrity clients. A 1930 exhibit of several busts, including those of Martha Graham and Buckminster Fuller, garnered positive reviews, and after less than a year of portrait sculpture, Noguchi had earned enough money to continue his trip to Asia.

Noguchi left for Paris in April 1930, and two months later received his visa to ride the Trans-Siberian Railway. He opted to visit Japan first rather than India, but after learning that his father Yone did not want his son to visit using his surname, a shaken Noguchi instead departed for Peking. In China, he studied brush painting with Qi Baishi, staying for six months before finally sailing for Japan. Even before his arrival in Kobe, Japanese newspapers had picked up on Noguchi's supposed reunion with his father; though he denied that this was the reason for his visit, the two did meet in Tokyo. He later arrived in Kyoto to study pottery with Uno Jinmatsu. Here he took note of local Zen gardens and haniwa, clay funerary figures of the Kofun era which inspired his terra cotta The Queen.

Noguchi returned to New York amidst the Great Depression, finding few clients for his portrait busts. Instead, he hoped to sell his newly-produced sculptures and brush paintings from Asia. Though very few sold, Noguchi regarded this one-man exhibition (which began in February 1932 and toured Chicago, the west coast, and Honolulu) as his "most successful". Additionally, his next attempt to break into abstract art, a large streamlined figure of dancer Ruth Page entitled Miss Expanding Universe, was poorly received. In January 1933 he worked in Chicago with Santiago Martínez Delgado, on a mural for the Chicago International Fair, then again found a business for his portrait busts; he moved to London in June hoping to find more work, but returned in December just before his mother Leonie's death.

Beginning in February 1934, Noguchi began submitting his first designs for public spaces and monuments to the Public Works of Art Program. One such design, a monument to Benjamin Franklin, remained unrealized for decades. Another design, a gigantic pyramidal earthwork entitled Monument to the American Plow, was similarly rejected, and his "sculptural landscape" of a playground, Play Mountain, was personally rejected by Parks Commissioner Robert Moses. He was eventually dropped from the program, and again supported himself by sculpting portrait busts. In early 1935, after another solo exhibition, the New York Sun's Henry McBride labeled Noguchi's Death, depicting a lynched African-American, as "a little Japanese mistake." That same year he produced the set for Frontier, the first of many set designs for Martha Graham.

After the Federal Art Project started up, Noguchi again put forth designs, one of which was another earthwork chosen for the New York City airport entitled Relief Seen from the Sky; following further rejection, Noguchi left for Hollywood, where he again worked as a portrait sculptor to earn money for a sojourn in Mexico. Here, Noguchi was chosen to design his first public work, a relief mural for the Abelardo Rodriguez market in Mexico City. The 20-meter-long History as Seen from Mexico in 1936 was hugely political and socially conscious, featuring such modern symbols as the Nazi swastika, a hammer and sickle, and the equation E = mc².

Further career in the United States (1937–1948)

Noguchi returned to New York in 1937. He again began to turn out portrait busts, and after various proposals was selected for two sculptures. The first of these, a fountain built of automobile parts for the Ford Motor Company's exhibit at the 1939 New York World's Fair, was thought of poorly by critics and Noguchi alike but nevertheless introduced him to fountain-construction and magnesite. Conversely, his second sculpture, a nine-ton stainless steel bas-relief entitled News, was unveiled over the entrance to the Associated Press building at the Rockefeller Center in April 1940 to much praise. Following further rejections of his playground designs, Noguchi left on a cross-country road trip with Arshile Gorky and Gorky's fiancée in July 1941, eventually separating from them to go to Hollywood.

Following the attack on Pearl Harbor, anti-Japanese sentiment was reenergized in the United States, and in response Noguchi formed "Nisei Writers and Artists for Democracy". Noguchi and other group leaders wrote to influential officials, including the congressional committee headed by Representative John Tolan, hoping to halt the internment of Japanese Americans; Noguchi later attended the hearings but had little effect on their outcome. He later helped organize a documentary of the internment, but left California before its release; as a legal resident of New York, he was allowed to return home. He hoped to prove Japanese-American loyalty by somehow helping the war effort, but when other governmental departments turned him down, Noguchi met with John Collier, head of the Office of Indian Affairs, who convinced him to travel to the internment camp located on an Indian reservation in Poston, Arizona to promote arts and crafts and community.

Noguchi arrived at the Poston camp in May 1942, becoming its only voluntary internee. Noguchi first worked in a carpentry shop, but his hope was to design parks and recreational areas within the camp. Although he created several plans at Poston, among them designs for baseball fields, swimming pools, and a cemetery, he found that the WRA authorities had no intention of implementing them. Noguchi also realized that, despite his heritage, he had little in common with the internees, who he described as being mostly unintellectual, nonpolitical farmers. In June, Noguchi applied for release, but intelligence officers labeled him as a "suspicious person" due to his involvement in "Nisei Writers and Artists for Democracy". He was finally granted a month-long furlough on November 12, but never returned; though he was granted a permanent leave afterward, he soon afterward received a deportation order. The FBI, accusing him of espionage, launched into a full investigation of Noguchi which ended only through the ACLU's intervention. Noguchi would later retell his wartime experiences in the British World War Two documentary series The World at War.

Upon his return to New York, Noguchi took a new studio in Greenwich Village. Throughout the 1940s, Noguchi's sculpture drew from the ongoing surrealist movement; these works include not only various mixed-media constructions and landscape reliefs, but lunars – self-illuminating reliefs – and a series of biomorphic sculptures made of interlocking slabs. The most famous of these assembled-slab works, Kouros, was first shown in a September 1946 exhibition, helping to cement his place in the New York art scene. He also designed furniture and lamp designs for Herman Miller and Knoll, and continued his involvement with theater, designing sets for Martha Graham's Appalachian Spring and John Cage and Merce Cunningham's production of The Seasons. Near the end of his time in New York, he also found more work designing public spaces, including a commission for the ceilings of the Time-Life headquarters. In March 1949, Noguchi had his first one-person show in New York since 1935 at the Charles Egan Gallery. In September 2003, The Pace Gallery held an exhibition of Noguchi's work at their 57th street gallery. The exhibition, entitled 33 MacDougal Alley: The Interlocking Sculpture of Isamu Noguchi, featured eleven of the artist’s interlocking sculptures. This was the first exhibition to illustrate the historical significance of the relationship between MacDougal Alley and Isamu Noguchi’s sculptural work.

Bollingen Fellowship and life in Japan (1948–1952)

Following the suicide of his friend Arshile Gorky in 1948 and a failed romantic relationship with Nayantara Pandit, the niece of Indian nationalist Jawaharlal Nehru, Noguchi applied for a Bollingen Fellowship to travel the world, proposing to study public space as research for a book about the "environment of leisure."

Later years

In the ensuing years he gained in prominence and acclaim, leaving his large-scale works in many of the world's major cities.

In 1955, he designed the sets and costumes for a controversial theatre production of King Lear starring John Gielgud.

In 1962, he was elected to membership in the American Academy of Arts and Letters.

In 1971, he was elected a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.

In 1987, he as awarded the National Medal of Arts.

Isamu Noguchi died on December 30, 1988 at the age of 84. In their obituary for Noguchi, the New York Times called him "a versatile and prolific sculptor whose earthy stones and meditative gardens bridging East and West have become landmarks of 20th-century art.".

The Isamu Noguchi Foundation and Garden Museum currently serves as Noguchi's official Estate. The U.S. copyright representative for the Isamu Noguchi Foundation and Garden Museum is the Artists Rights Society.

The Isamu Noguchi Foundation is represented by The Pace Gallery, New York.

Notable works by Noguchi

Japanese Garden at UNESCO Headquarters, Paris, France

A bridge in Peace Park, Hiroshima, Japan

Kodomo no Kuni, a children's playground in Yokohama, Japan

Bayfront Park, 1980–1990, Miami, Florida

Sunken Garden for Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut

Sunken Garden for Chase Manhattan Bank Plaza in New York, New York

Gardens for the IBM headquarters, Armonk, New York

Billy Rose Sculpture Garden, Israel Museum, Jerusalem

Playscapes, a children's playground in Atlanta, Georgia

Bust of Martha Graham, Honolulu Academy of Arts, Honolulu, Hawaii

Tsuneko-san (1931), Honolulu Academy of Arts

Sculpture for First National City Bank Building, Fort Worth, Texas

Red Cube (1968), HSBC Building, New York, New York

Octetra (1968)

Untitled Red (1965–66), Honolulu Academy of Arts

Sky Gate (1977), Honolulu Hale, Honolulu, Hawaii

Portal, Justice Center Complex, Cleveland, Ohio.

Dodge Fountain and Philip A. Hart Plaza in Detroit, Michigan (created in collaboration with Shoji Sadao)

Black Sun (1969), Volunteer Park, Seattle, Washington

California Scenario (1980–1982), Costa Mesa, California

Bolt of Lightning... Memorial to Ben Franklin (1984), Franklin Square (Philadelphia), Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

Landscape of the Cloud, in the lobby of 666 Fifth Avenue New York, New York

Lillie & Hugh Roy Cullen Sculpture Garden (1986) for the Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, Texas

Moerenuma Park, Sapporo, Japan

His final project was the design for Moerenuma Park, a 400 acre (1.6 km²) park for Sapporo, Japan. Designed in 1988 shortly before his death, it is completed and opened to the public in 2004.

Gallery

Honors

Noguchi was awarded the Order of the Sacred Treasure, Third Class by the Japanese government in 1988.

See also

Noguchi Museum

See also

Wabi-sabi

Notes

References

Marika Herskovic, American Abstract Expressionism of the 1950s An Illustrated Survey, (New York School Press, 2003.) ISBN 0-9677994-1-4. p. 254–257

Marika Herskovic, New York School Abstract Expressionists Artists Choice by Artists, (New York School Press, 2000.) ISBN 0-9677994-0-6. p. 39; p. 270–273

Lifetime Honors – National Medal of Arts.

Further reading

Altshuler, Bruce (1995). Isamu Noguchi (Modern Masters). Abbeville Press, Inc. ISBN 1-55859-755-7.

Ashton, Dore; Hare, Denise Brown (1993). Noguchi East and West. University of California Press. ISBN 0-520-08340-7.

Cort, Louise Allison, , Bert Winther-Tamaki. Isamu Noguchi and modern Japanese ceramics: a close embrace of the earth. Washington, D.C.: Arthur M. Sackler Gallery, Smithsonian Institution; Berkeley: University of California Press, 2003.

Noguchi, Isamu et al. (1986). Space of Akari and Stone. Chronicle Books. ISBN 0-87701-405-1.

Torres, Ana Maria; Williams, Tod (2000). Isamu Noguchi: A Study of Space. The Monticelli Press. ISBN 1-58093-054-9.

Winther-Tamaki, Bert. Art in the encounter of nations: Japanese and American artists in the early postwar years. Honolulu: University of Hawai’i Press, 2001.

Weilacher, Udo: "Isamu Noguchi: Space as Sculpture." in: Weilacher, Udo (1999): Between Landscape Architecture and Land Art. Birkhauser Publisher. ISBN 3-7643-6119-0.

External links

The Noguchi Museum

The Pace Gallery

Noguchi's Indiana experience

Noguchi's California Scenario (LandLiving.com)

Moerenuma Park (LandLiving.com)

An Interview with Isamu Noguchi

Artists Rights Society, Noguchi's U.S. Copyright Representatives

Category:Abstract expressionist artists Category:American sculptors Category:Japanese sculptors Category:Modern sculptors Category:American furniture designers Category:American landscape and garden designers Category:American artists of Japanese descent Category:American landscape architects Category:1904 births Category:1988 deaths Category:Japanese-American internees Category:American people of Japanese descent Category:People from Tokyo Category:People from Yokohama Category:People from Los Angeles, California Category:People from New York City Category:People from Greenwich Village, New York Category:Columbia University alumni Category:Members of Art Students League of New York Category:United States National Medal of Arts recipients Category:Recipients of the Order of the Sacred Treasure Category:Guggenheim Fellows