Name	The Guardian
Caption	A Guardian front page from October 2009.
Type	Daily newspaper
Format	Berliner
Owners	Guardian Media Group
Editor	Alan Rusbridger
Cost	UK£1
Foundation	1821
Political	Centre-left
Language	English
Headquarters	Kings Place, 90 York Way, London N1 9GU
Circulation	283,063
Sister newspapers	The Observer,The Guardian Weekly
Issn	0261-3077
Oclc	60623878
Website	guardian.co.uk

The Guardian (formerly known as The Manchester Guardian) is a British national daily newspaper owned by the Guardian Media Group. Founded in 1821, it is unique among major British daily newspapers in being owned by a foundation (the Scott Trust, via the Guardian Media Group). At the 2010 election it supported the Liberal Democrats.

The Guardian had a certified average daily circulation of 283,063 copies in March 2010, behind The Daily Telegraph and The Times, but ahead of The Independent.

Scott's friendship with Chaim Weizmann played a role in the Balfour Declaration of 1917, and in 1948 The Guardian was a supporter of the State of Israel. Daphna Baram tells the story of The Guardian's relationship with the Zionist movement and Israel in the book "Disenchantment: The Guardian and Israel".

Since 2000

Wars in Afghanistan and Iraq

During the Afghanistan and Iraq wars, The Guardian attracted a significant proportion of anti-war readers as one of the mass-media outlets most critical of UK and USA military initiatives. The paper did, however, endorse the argument that Iraq had to be disarmed of 'Weapons of Mass Destruction': "It is not credible to argue, as Iraq did in its initial reaction to Mr Powell [at the Security Council], that it is simply all lies. ...Iraq must disarm." (Guardian Leader, Thursday 6 February 2003) And one columnist congratulated UK Prime Minister Tony Blair on his victory: "For a leader who went to war in the absence of a single political ally who believed in the war as unreservedly as he did, Iraq now looks like a vindication on an astounding scale." (Hugo Young, 13 April 2003)

Accusations of bias in coverage of Israel

Despite its early support for the Zionist movement, in recent decades The Guardian has been accused of exaggerating criticism of Israeli government policy. In December 2003 columnist Julie Burchill cited "striking bias against the state of Israel" as one of the reasons she left the paper for The Times. Harriet Sherwood, The Guardian's foreign editor, has also denied The Guardian has an anti-Israel bias, saying that the paper aims to cover all viewpoints in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.

Nickname

The nickname The Grauniad for the paper originated with the satirical magazine Private Eye. This anagram played on The Guardian's reputation for frequent typographical errors, such as misspelling its own name as The Gaurdian. The domain grauniad.co.uk is registered to the paper.

The very first issue of the newspaper contained a number of errors, perhaps the most notable being a notification that there would soon be some goods sold at atction instead of auction. There are fewer typographical errors in the paper since the end of hot-metal typesetting. One of their writers, Keith Devlin, suggested that the high number of observed misprints was due more to the quality of the readership than their greater frequency.

April Fool content

The Guardian, along with other British news outlets, has a tradition of spoof articles on April Fool's Day, sometimes contributed by regular advertisers such as BMW. The most elaborate of these was a travel supplement on San Serriffe, whilst an article in The Guardian dated 1 April 2006 written by one Olaf Priol suggested that Chris Martin of Coldplay would be supporting the Conservatives at the next General Election and had already written a campaign song for them. Olaf Priol is an anagram of April Fool.

References in fiction

In the play Hobson's Choice Henry Horatio Hobson worries that his reputation will be in tatters after 'trespassing'. He comments that if the news were to be intercepted by The Manchester Guardian then everyone would know.

Political comedy Yes Minister mocked The Guardian several times.

:* In the fourth episode of series 3 (1982): :: Annie: "Her name's Jenny Goodwin from The Guardian." :: Bernard: "The Guardian!" :: Annie: "Yes." :: Bernard: "A journalist." :: Annie: "Yes, well, The Guardian anyway..." :* The 1984 Christmas special of Yes Minister shows a number of newspapers tipping Jim Hacker as the next Prime Minister including The Guardian misspelled as The Gaurdian in the header. In Episode 6 a group of pro-badger protesters tell Jim Hacker that The Guardian told them the area they are fighting to save has been inhabited by badgers for generations. In fact Hacker points out that the paper says that the "bodgers" have "dealt" there, satirising The Guardian's reputation for spelling errors. :* In Episode 4 of the second series of Yes, Prime Minister: ::Jim Hacker: I know exactly who reads the papers: The Daily Mirror is read by people who think they run the country; The Guardian is read by people who think they ought to run the country; ...

In the Young Ones episode "Boring", Rick eagerly notes that The Guardian has an article on how to get an increased student grant. Unfortunately the paper has totally mangled the spelling of a key part of it, leaving Rick with no idea how to get the increased grant. Worse still, the misspelling happens to sound the same as a Satanic chant, so that when Neil repeats what Rick read out loud he accidentally summons a demon who tries to kill everyone there.

In The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy, an entire planet goes into hibernation to wait out a galactic recession, only reviving themselves when the stock market reaches a satisfactorily high level for their needs. "Arthur, a regular Guardian reader, was deeply shocked by this", adding later about space: "There's so much of it, and so little in it, it sometimes reminds me of The Observer".

In the Sandy Duncan episode in the first season of The Muppet Show, Statler demonstrates his extreme age by using the pre-1959 name:

: Waldorf: Statler, do you 'get' the banana sketch? : Statler: No, I get The New York Times and The Manchester Guardian.

In an episode of the 1970s US horror series (The Vampire), the main character, reporter Carl Kolchak (Darren McGavin), lies to a police chief by telling him that he writes for The Manchester Guardian.

In the 2006 film American Dreamz, the US president played by Dennis Quaid is known for not reading the papers, until he starts reading The Guardian.

In the film The Bourne Ultimatum, Jason Bourne (Matt Damon) is mentioned in an article published in The Guardian and a reporter working for the newspaper itself plays a key role in the film.

In the Season Six episode of The West Wing (2004) entitled "The Wake Up Call", Assistant White House Press Secretary Annabeth Schott, portrayed by Kristen Chenowith, responds to a reporter quoting a damning allegation by The Guardian, stating "Well, the British papers can be a little dodgy".

In the novel The Line of Beauty by Alan Hollinghurst, the character Toby Fedden is briefly employed as a reporter for The Guardian and is criticised by his father, a Conservative MP.

In Dennis Potter's 1986 drama The Singing Detective, the character Philip Marlow (Michael Gambon) is given a word association exercise by an NHS psychiatrist; when presented with the word 'Guardian' he replies, "Misprint".

In The Thick Of It, meetings are set up with The Guardian's editorial staff. Spin doctor Malcolm Tucker refers to the paper as "The fucking Guardian. That's what we call it in number 10." Political aide Olly Reader also declares that he will read a piece by Polly Toynbee while on the toilet. Series producer Armando Iannucci previously wrote a weekly column for The Observer, which is published by Guardian Media Group.

In the beginning of the movie Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince, a copy of the Guardian is visible bearing a large picture of the collapsed Millennium Bridge.

Awards

Received

The Guardian has been awarded the National Newspaper of the Year in 1999 and 2006 by the British Press Awards, as well as being co-winner of the World's Best-designed Newspaper as awarded by the Society for News Design (2006). The guardian.co.uk website won the Best Newspaper category three years running in 2005, 2006 and 2007 Webby Awards, beating (in 2005) the New York Times, the Washington Post, The Wall Street Journal and Variety. It has been the winner for six years in a row of the British Press Awards for Best Electronic Daily Newspaper. The site won an Eppy award from the US-based magazine Editor & Publisher in 2000 for the best-designed newspaper online service. The website is known for its commentary on sporting events, particularly its over-by-over cricket commentary.

In 2007 the newspaper was ranked first in a study on transparency which analysed 25 mainstream English-language media vehicles, and which was conducted by the International Center for Media and the Public Agenda of the University of Maryland. It scored 3.8 out of a possible 4.0.

Given

The Guardian is the sponsor of two major literary awards: The Guardian First Book Award, established in 1999 as a successor to the Guardian Fiction Award which had run since 1965, and the Guardian Children's Fiction Prize, founded in 1967. In recent years it has also sponsored the Hay Festival in Hay-on-Wye.

The annual Guardian Student Media Awards, founded in 1999, recognise excellence in journalism and design of British university and college student newspapers, magazines and websites.

In memory of Paul Foot, who died in 2004, The Guardian and Private Eye jointly set up the "Paul Foot Award", with an annual £10,000 prize fund, for investigative or campaigning journalism.

Editors

John Edward Taylor (1821–1844)

Jeremiah Garnett (1844–1861) (jointly with Russell Scott Taylor in 1847–1848)

Edward Taylor (1861–1872)

Charles Prestwich Scott (1872–1929)

Ted Scott (1929–1932)

William Percival Crozier (1932–1944)

Alfred Powell Wadsworth (1944–1956)

Alastair Hetherington (1956–1975)

Peter Preston (1975–1995)

Alan Rusbridger (1995–present)

Notable regular contributors (past and present)

{| style="width:100%;" |- style="vertical-align:top;" |width=25%| Columnists

David Aaronovitch

Ian Aitken

Brian Aldiss

Tariq Ali

Araucaria

Paul Arendt

John Arlott

George Armstrong

Mark Arnold-Forster

Dilpazier Aslam

Nancy Banks-Smith

Leonard Barden

Laura Barton

Patrick Barkham

Catherine Bennett

Marcel Berlins

Michael Billington

Heston Blumenthal

Sidney Blumenthal

Julian Borger

Boutros Boutros-Ghali

Lloyd Bradley

Russell Brand

Emma Brockes

Charlie Brooker

Alex Brummer

Inayat Bunglawala

Julie Burchill

David Cameron

James Cameron

Duncan Campbell

Neville Cardus

Alexander Chancellor

Mark Cocker

Alistair Cooke

G. D. H. Cole

John Cole

Terry Coleman

Rosalind Coward

Gavyn Davies

Robin Denselow

Beth Ditto

Clare Dyer

Terry Eagleton

Larry Elliott

Matthew Engel

James Erlichman

Edzard Ernst

Harold Evans

Paul Foot

Liz Forgan

Brian J. Ford

Michael Frayn

Jonathan Freedland

Hadley Freeman

|width=25%|

Tanya Gold

Suzanne Goldenberg

Victor Gollancz

Richard Gott

Roy Greenslade

Germaine Greer

Harry Griffin

J. G. Hamilton

Ben Hammersley

Johann Hari

Clifford Harper

Patrick Haseldine

Max Hastings

Roy Hattersley

David Hencke

Jon Henley

Peter Hetherington

Isabel Hilton

L. T. Hobhouse

J. A. Hobson

Tom Hodgkinson

Will Hodgkinson

Simon Hoggart

Stewart Holden

Clare Hollingworth

Philip Hope-Wallace

Will Hutton

Marina Hyde

C. L. R. James

Erwin James (pseudonym)

Waldemar Januszczak

Simon Jenkins

Stanley Johnson

Alex Kapranos

Saeed Kamali Dehghan

Maev Kennedy

Naomi Klein

Arthur Koestler

Aleks Krotoski

David Leigh

Rod Liddle

Sue Limb (as Dulcie Domum)

Maureen Lipman

Derek Malcolm

Lucy Mangan

Johnjoe McFadden

Dan McDougall

Neil McIntosh

Gareth McLean

Mark Milner

Anna Minton

George Monbiot

C. E. Montague

Suzanne Moore

Malcolm Muggeridge

|width=25%|

James Naughtie

Richard Norton-Taylor

Maggie O'Kane

Susie Orbach

Greg Palast

David Pallister

John Palmer

Michael Parkinson

'Salam Pax'

Anne Perkins

Jim Perrin

Melanie Phillips

John Pilger

Agnès Poirier

Anna Politkovskaya

Peter Preston

Adam Raphael

Arthur Ransome

Andrew Rawnsley

Brian Redhead

James H Reeve

Gillian Reynolds

Stanley Reynolds

Jon Ronson

Mike Selvey

Paul Sheehan

Norman Shrapnel

Frank Sidebottom

Michael Simkins

Howard Spring

Jean Stead

David Steel

Jonathan Steele

Mary Stott

R. H. Tawney

A. J. P. Taylor

Simon Tisdall

Arnold Toynbee

Polly Toynbee

Jill Tweedie

Andrew Veitch

F. A. Voigt

Ed Vulliamy

Hank Wangford

Jonathan Watts

Brian Whitaker

Michael White

Ann Widdecombe

Zoe Williams

Martin Woollacott

Ted Wragg

Hugo Young

Tony Zappone

Slavoj Žižek

Victor Zorza

|width=25%| Cartoonists

David Austin

Steve Bell

Joe Berger

Berger & Wyse

Berke Breathed

Biff

Peter Clarke

Les Gibbard

John Kent

Jamie Lenman

David Low

Bill Papas

Martin Rowson

Posy Simmonds

David Shenton

Garry Trudeau

Kipper Williams

Satirists

Jeremy Hardy

Armando Iannucci

Terry Jones

Bel Littlejohn aka Craig Brown (satirist)

John O'Farrell

Mark Steel

Experts

Tim Atkin

Emily Bell

Richard Ehrlich

Matthew Fort

Malcolm Gluck

Tim Hayward

Jack Schofield

Photographers and Picture Editors

Herbert Walter Doughty (The Manchester Guardian's first photographer, July 1908)

Eamonn McCabe

|}

The Newsroom archive

The Guardian and its sister newspaper The Observer also provide The Newsroom, a visitor centre in London. It contains their archives, including bound copies of old editions, a photographic library and other items such as diaries, letters and notebooks. This material may be consulted by members of the public. The Newsroom also mounts temporary exhibitions and runs an educational programme for schools. There is also an extensive Manchester Guardian archive at the University of Manchester's John Rylands University Library and there is a collaboration programme between the two archives. The British Library also has a large archive of The Manchester Guardian, available in online, hard copy, microform, and CD-ROM in their British Library Newspapers collection.

In November 2007 The Guardian and The Observer made their archives available over the internet via DigitalArchive. The current extent of the archives available are 1821 to 2000 for The Guardian and 1791 to 2000 for The Observer: these archives will eventually run up to 2003.

See also

Online newspaper

Broadcast journalism

Internet radio

Internet television

Death of Ian Tomlinson

References

External links

Official mobile site

Founding of the Manchester Guardian

GuardianFilms website

Category:Newspapers published in the United Kingdom Category:Investigative news sources Category:Publications established in 1821

Name	Trevor Rabin
Background	solo_singer
Birth name	Trevor Charles Rabin
Born	January 13, 1954Johannesburg, South Africa
Instrument	Guitar, Keyboards, Piano, Bass, Vocals
Genre	Progressive rock, pop, hard rock, classical
Occupation	Musician, songwriter, producer, film composer
Years active	1974–present
Label	Chrysalis, Capricorn, RPM, Voiceprint, Elektra, Varèse Sarabande, Hollywood, Jet, Atco, One-Way Records
Associated acts	Yes, Rabbitt, Manfred Mann's Earth Band, Mr. Mister
Url	TrevorRabin.net
Notable instruments	*Westone Pantera Trevor Rabin Signature*Custom Fender Stratocaster*Alvarez Trevor Rabin Signature

Trevor Charles Rabin (born January 13, 1954) is a South African born musician, best known as a guitarist, vocalist and songwriter for the British progressive rock band Yes from 1983–1994, and since then, as a film composer. he later arranged and conducted for many artists in South Africa.

Rabin's early influences included Arnold Schoenberg, Tchaikovsky, Cliff Richard and the Shadows, The Beatles and Jimi Hendrix. He also dabbled with progressive and heavy rock with his first bands, The Conglomeration and Freedom's Children. The latter group were older musicians whose songs questioned the South African government, especially its racial policy of apartheid. During this same period, Rabin became a highly sought after session guitarist and bassist, playing with many jazz bands in South Africa. When Rabin fulfilled his obligation to the South African Army at age 19, he served with the entertainment division.

Rabin formed his first major recording group, Rabbitt along with Neil Cloud (drums), Ronnie Robot (bass guitar) and Duncan Faure (keyboards, guitar, vocals). Rabbitt evolved from The Conglomeration prior to Rabin's year of military conscription in 1974. The band started to gain popularity in 1975 after appearing at Johannesburg's "Take It Easy" club. Their first single, released in 1975, was a cover of Jethro Tull's "Locomotive Breath", which later appeared on their debut album, Boys Will Be Boys released on Jo'Burg Records in 1976. The album features original songs mostly penned by Rabin.

Rabbitt's second album, A Croak and a Grunt in the Night, was released in 1977. Rabin went on to win a South African Sarie music award (that country's answer to the Grammy Awards) for his co-production on the album. The band then gained with a short-term record distribution deal with Capricorn in the United States, but Rabbitt were unable to tour abroad because of continuing international disapproval of South Africa's apartheid policies. As a result, Trevor Rabin decided to leave South Africa. Rabbitt went on to record the album, Rock Rabbitt without Rabin before disbanding in 1978.

After moving to London in 1978, Trevor Rabin recorded his first solo album. It was released in England and the US simply as Trevor Rabin (Re-released in 2003 by Voiceprint Records entitled "Beginnings"). While some songs were reminiscent of Rabbitt, Rabin's guitar playing was more prominent as it would continue to be on his successive solo albums. He also established Blue Chip Music and struck an international deal with Chrysalis Records.

In transition: the UK and Los Angeles

Along with a budding solo career, Rabin began working as a producer and session player. Some of his prominent work included South African vocalist Margaret Singana ("Where Is The Love?"), fellow South African expatriate Manfred Mann and his Earth Band, and Wild Horses, featuring former members of Thin Lizzy and Rainbow. Rabin still found time to record his second album Face to Face, touring the United Kingdom in support of Steve Hillage in late 1979.

Face to Face had the melodic guitar style of his first solo album, but also took a more hard-edged approach on such songs as "The Ripper" and "Now". Rolling Stone's first edition of their Record Guide criticised Rabin's music for its hook-ridden ballads but still gave his first two albums moderate ratings for their overall technical qualities.

With the growth of the Punk scene in the late '70s, power-pop and hard rock music had fallen out of fashion in England. Neither of Rabin's first two solo albums found any commercial success. He began looking for more fertile ground for what would be characterised in the U.S. as album-oriented rock (AOR).

In 1981, he released the album Wolf, co-produced with Ray Davies of The Kinks. Manfred Mann's Earth Band members Chris Thompson and Manfred Mann made vocal and musical contributions to the album. Wolf marks Rabin's first collaboration with former Cream bassist Jack Bruce and session drummer Simon Phillips. Following the release of the album, Rabin severed ties with Chrysalis Records as he felt they did little to promote the album.

In 1981, Rabin moved to Los Angeles and signed with Geffen Records. He briefly recorded new material with a rhythm section consisting of future Quiet Riot drummer Frankie Banali and bassist Mark Andes, who would later join Heart. Some of these demo recordings developed into the Yes songs "Hold On" and "Make It Easy".

Although Geffen Records dropped his contract in 1982, Trevor Rabin kept composing material for his projected fourth solo album in Los Angeles. As a keyboardist, he also considered touring as a session player for Foreigner. During this time, Rabin auditioned with the prog-rock supergroup Asia in the run-up to their first album. Prior to that, Rabin was to have been part of a proposed supergroup with future Asia members John Wetton and Carl Palmer and also ex-Yes keyboardist Rick Wakeman. He has named Arnold Schoenberg as one of his favourite classical composers, and him and other classical composers - Beethoven, Sibelius, Elgar and Tchaikovsky - as influences. He names Jimi Hendrix, Steve Morse, Jeff Beck, & John McLaughlin as his favourite guitarists.

Personal life

Rabin has been married for nearly three decades to Shelley Rabin. They reside in Los Angeles and have one son, Ryan Rabin, who was a drummer for The Anthem and The Outline, and is currently in the band, Grouplove.

He was born and raised Jewish, and in a 2004 interview explained the profound influence Judaism has had on his life.

Rabin has finished the score for Renny Harlin's film 5 Days of August which will be released in March 2011.

Trevor's next score will be for the thriller I Am Number Four to be released on February 18, 2011.

Discography

With Rabbitt

Boys Will Be Boys (1976)

A Croak And A Grunt In The Night (1977)

Morning Light (EP) (1978)

With Yes

90125 (1983)

Big Generator (1987)

Union (1991)

Talk (1994)

Solo Albums

Trevor Rabin (1978) original title for ZA release Beginnings (re-released 2003)

Face to Face (1979)

Wolf (1981)

Can't Look Away (1989)

Live in LA (2003)

90124 (2003)

Upcoming Solo Album (2011)

Film Scores

Death Of A Snowman (1978)

The Glimmer Man (1996)

Con Air (1997) (With Mark Mancina)

Homegrown (1998)

Armageddon (1998) (With Harry Gregson-Williams)

Enemy Of The State (1998) (With Harry Gregson-Williams)

Jack Frost (1998)

Deep Blue Sea (1999)

Whispers: An Elephant's Tale (2000)

Gone In 60 Seconds (2000)

Remember The Titans (2000)

The 6th Day (2000)

Texas Rangers (2001)

American Outlaws (2001)

Rock Star (2001)

The One (2001)

Bad Company (2002)

The Banger Sisters (2003)

Kangaroo Jack (2003)

Bad Boys II (2003)

Torque (2004)

(2004)

National Treasure (2004)

Coach Carter (2005)

The Great Raid (2005)

Glory Road (2006)

Flyboys (2006)

Snakes on a Plane (2006)

Gridiron Gang (2006)

The Guardian (2006)

Hot Rod (2007)

(2007)

Get Smart (2008)

Race to Witch Mountain (2009)

12 Rounds (2009)

G-Force (2009)

The Last Shot (2010)

The Sorcerer's Apprentice (2010)

I Am Number Four (2011)

5 Days of August (2011)

Guest Appearances/Collaborations

Margaret Singana - Where Is The Love (1976) - Producer, Arranger

Manfred Mann's Earth Band - Chance (1980) - Producer

Frankie Goes To Hollywood - Welcome to the Pleasuredome (1984) - Guitar

Jon Anderson - 3 Ships (1985) - Guitar

Frankie Goes To Hollywood - Liverpool (1986) - Guitar

Lisa Hartman - 'Til My Heart Stops (1987) - Guitar

Marc Jordan - Talking Through Pictures (1987) - Guitar

Bonham - The Disregard of Timekeeping (1989) - Bass, Background Vocals

Seal - Seal (1991) - Guitar

Paul Rodgers - (1993) - Guitar

Michael Jackson - (1995) - Guitar

Various Artists - Crossfire: A Salute To Stevie Ray Vaughan (1996) - Guitar

Tina Turner - Wildest Dreams (1996) - Guitar, Background Vocals

Mark Mancina - Twister (1996) - Guitar (Track 7: The Hunt: Going Green)

Various Artists - Merry Axemas Vol. 2 (1998) - Guitar, Keyboards

Rick Wakeman - Return to the Centre of the Earth (1999) - Vocals, Guitar

Roger Hodgson - Open The Door (2000) - Guitar, Keyboards, Background Vocals

Don Harper's Oceana Orchestra - Dreams and Variations (2009) - Guitar

Mr. Mister - Pull (2010) - Guitar, Bass *material recorded in 1989

References

External links

Official MySpace Page

Discography

Interview (8/06)

Fan news site

Category:1954 births Category:South African film score composers Category:Living people Category:American people of South African descent Category:South African musicians Category:Yes (band) members Category:Naturalized citizens of the United States Category:South African expatriates in the United States Category:South African immigrants to the United States Category:South African Jews Category:Jewish musicians