A gale is a very strong wind. There are conflicting definitions of how strong a wind must be to be considered a gale. The U.S. government's National Weather Service defines a gale as 34–47 knots (, or ) of sustained surface winds. Forecasters typically issue gale warnings when winds of this strength are expected.

Other sources use minimums as low as and maximums as high as . Through 1986, the National Hurricane Center used the term gale to refer to winds of tropical storm force for coastal areas, between and . The definition is very non-standard. A common alternative definition of the maximum is .

The most common way of measuring winds is with the Beaufort scale (pronounced ; see article for more on the traditional nautical use of the word "gale"). It is an empirical measure for describing wind speed based mainly on observed sea conditions. Its full name is the Beaufort wind force scale.

References

Category:Wind

fa:طوفان de:Starkwind es:Temporal (meteorología) ja:風力 nn:Kuling no:kuling pl:Wicher sv:Kuling

name	Lata Mangeshkar
background	solo_singer
born	September 28, 1929Indore, Central India Agency, British India
instrument	Vocals
genre	Film music (playback singing)
occupation	Singer
years active	1942–present }}

Lata Mangeshkar (; born September 28, 1929) is a singer from India. She is one of the best-known and most respected playback singers in India. Mangeshkar's career started in 1942 and has spanned over six and a half decades. She has recorded songs for over a thousand Bollywood movies and has sung songs in over thirty-six regional Indian languages and foreign languages, though primarily in Hindi. She is the elder sister of singer Asha Bhosle, and Hridayanath Mangeshkar, Usha Mangeshkar and Meena Mangeshkar. She is the second vocalist to have ever been awarded the Bharat Ratna, India's highest civilian honour.

Mangeshkar was featured in the ''Guinness Book of World Records'' from 1974 to 1991 for having made the most recordings in the world. The claim was that she had recorded approximately 25,000 solo, duet, and chorus-backed songs in 20 Indian languages between 1948 to 1974 (30,000 songs between 1948 and 1987, according to the 1987 edition). Over the years, while several sources have supported this claim, others have raised concerns over its veracity, claiming that this number was highly exaggerated and that Mangeshkar's younger sister, Asha Bhosle, had more song recordings than she had.

Early life

Lata Mangeshkar was born in Sikh Mohalla, Indore, in the Central India Agency (now part of Madhya Pradesh). Her father, Pandit Deenanath Mangeshkar who belonged to a Gomantak Maratha Samaj family from Goa, was a classical singer and theater actor. Her mother Shevanti (Shudhamati) who was from Thalner, Maharashtra, was Deenanath's second wife. The family's last name used to be Hardikar; Deenanath changed it to Mangeshkar in order to identify his family with his native town, Mangeshi in Goa. Lata was named "Hema" at her birth. Her parents later renamed her Lata after a female character, Latika, in one of her father's plays, ''BhaawBandhan''. Lata is the eldest child of her parents. Meena, Asha, Usha and Hridayanath are her siblings in sequence.

Mangeshkar took her first music lessons from her father. At the age of five, she started to work as an actress in her father's musical plays (''Sangeet Natak'' in Marathi). On the first day in the school, she started teaching songs to other children. When the teacher stopped her, she was so angry that she stopped going to the school. Other sources cite that she left school because they would not allow her to bring Asha with her, as she would often bring her younger sister with her.

Singing career

Early career in the 1940s

In 1942, when Mangeshkar was 13, her father died of heart disease. Master Vinayak (Vinayak Damodar Karnataki), the owner of Navyug Chitrapat movie company and a close friend of the Mangeshkar family, took care of them.

Mangeshkar sang the song "Naachu Yaa Gade, Khelu Saari Mani Haus Bhaari" which was composed by Sadashivrao Nevrekar for Vasant Joglekar's Marathi-language movie ''Kiti Hasaal'' (1942), but the song was dropped from the final cut. Vinayak gave her a small role in Navyug Chitrapat's Marathi movie ''Pahili Mangalaa-gaur'' (1942), in which she sang "Natali Chaitraachi Navalaai" which was composed by Dada Chandekar. Her first Hindi song was "Mata Ek Sapoot Ki Duniya Badal De Tu" for the Marathi film, ''Gajaabhaau'' (1943). Mangeshkar moved to Mumbai in 1945 when Master Vinayak's company moved its headquarters there. She started taking lessons in Hindustani classical music from Ustad Amanat Ali Khan Bhendibazaarwale. She sang “Paa Lagoon Kar Jori” for Vasant Joglekar's Hindi-language movie ''Aap Ki Seva Mein'' (1946), which was composed by Datta Davjekar. Mangeshkar and her sister Asha played minor roles Vinayak's first Hindi-language movie, ''Badi Maa'' (1945). In that movie, Lata also sang a bhajan, “Maata Tere Charnon Mein.” She was introduced to music director Vasant Desai during the recording of Vinayak's second Hindi-language movie, ''Subhadra'' (1946).

Following the partition of India in 1947, Ustad Amanat Ali Khan Bhendibazaarwale migrated to newly formed Pakistan, so Mangeshkar started to learn classical music under Amanat Khan Devaswale. Pandit Tulsidas Sharma, a pupil of Ustad Bade Ghulam Ali Khan, also trained her.

After Vinayak's death in 1948, music director Ghulam Haider mentored her as a singer. Haider introduced Mangeshkar to producer Sashadhar Mukherjee, who was working then on the movie ''Shaheed'' (1948), but Mukherjee dismissed Mangeshkar's voice as "too thin." An annoyed Haider responded that in the coming years the producers and the directors would "fall at Lata's feet" and "beg her" to sing in their movies. Haider gave Lata her first major break with the song “Dil Mera Toda,” from the movie ''Majboor'' (1948).

Initially, Mangeshkar is said to have imitated Noor Jehan, but later she developed her own style of singing. Lyrics of songs in Hindi movies are primarily composed by Urdu poets and contain a higher proportion of Urdu words, including the dialogue. Actor Dilip Kumar once made a mildly disapproving remark about Mangeshkar's Maharashtrian accent while singing Hindi/Urdu songs; so for a period of time, Lata took lessons in Urdu from an Urdu teacher named Shafi.

“Aayega Aanewaala,” a song in the movie ''Mahal'' (1949) was composed by music director Khemchand Prakash and lip-synced on screen by actress Madhubala.

1950s

In the 1950s, Mangeshkar sang songs composed by various music directors of the period, including Anil Biswas (in films such as Tarana and Heer), Shankar-Jaikishan, Naushad, S. D. Burman, C. Ramchandra, Hemant Kumar, Salil Chowdhury, Khayyam, Ravi, Sajjad Hussain, Roshan, Kalyanji-Anandji, Vasant Desai, Sudhir Phadke, Hansraj Behl, Madan Mohan, and Usha Khanna.

Mangeshkar sang many raga-based songs for Naushad in movies such as ''Baiju Bawra'' (1952), ''Mughal-E-Azam'' (1960), and ''Kohinoor'' (1960). ''Ae Chorre Ki Jaat Badi Bewafa'', a duet with G. M. Durrani, was her first song for composer, Naushad. The duo, Shankar-Jaikishan, chose Mangeshkar for ''Aag'', ''Aah'' (1953), ''Shree 420'' (1955), and ''Chori Chori'' (1956). Before 1957, composer Sachin Dev (S. D.) Burman chose Mangeshkar as the leading female singer for his musical scores in ''Sazaa'' (1951), ''House No. 44'' (1955), and ''Devdas'' (1955). However a rift developed between Lata and Burman in 1957, and Lata did not sing Burman's compositions again until 1962.

Mangeshkar won a Filmfare Best Female Playback Award for Salil Chowdhury's composition “Aaja Re Pardesi,” from ''Madhumati'' (1958). In the early fifties, Lata Mangeshkar's association with C. Ramchandra produced songs in movies such as Anarkali, Albela, Asha, Pehli Jhhalak, Shin Shinkai Bublaa Boo, Azad and Amardeep. For Madan Mohan, she performed for films like Adalat, Railway Platform, Dekh Kabira Roya and Chacha Zindabad.

1960s

Mangeshkar's song "Pyar Kiya To Darna Kya" from ''Mughal-E-Azam'' (1960), composed by Naushad and picturized on Madhubala, still remains famous . The Hawaiian-themed number "Ajeeb Dastaan Hai Yeh" from ''Dil Apna Aur Preet Parai'' (1960) was composed by Shankar-Jaikishan and picturized on Meena Kumari.

In 1961, Mangeshkar recorded two popular bhajans, "Allah Tero Naam" and "Prabhu Tero Naam", for Burman's assistant, Jaidev. In 1962, she was awarded her second Filmfare Award for the song "Kahin Deep Jale Kahin Dil" from ''Bees Saal Baad'', composed by Hemant Kumar.

On June 27, 1963, against the backdrop of the Sino-Indian War, Mangeshkar sang the patriotic song "Aye Mere Watan Ke Logo" (literally, "Oh, the People of My Country") in the presence of Jawaharlal Nehru, the then Prime Minister of India. The song, composed by C. Ramchandra and written by Pradeep, is said to have brought the Prime Minister to tears.

In 1963, Mangeshkar returned to collaboration with S. D. Burman. She also sang for R. D. Burman's very first film ''Chhote Nawaab'' and later for his films such as ''Bhoot Bangla'' (1965), ''Pati Patni'' (1966), ''Baharon ke Sapne'' (1967) and ''Abhilasha'' (1969). She also recorded several popular songs for S. D. Burman, including "Aaj Phir Jeene Ki Tamanna Hai", "Gata Rahe Mera Dil" (duet with Kishore Kumar) and "Piya Tose" from ''Guide'' (1965), and "Hothon Pe Aisi Baat" from ''Jewel Thief'' (1967).

During the 1960s, Lata Mangeshkar continued her association with Madan Mohan which included the songs "Aap Ki Nazron Ne Samjha" from ''Anpadh'' (1962), "Lag Ja Gale" and "Naina Barse Rim Jhim" from ''Woh Kaun Thi?'' (1964), "Woh Chup Rahen To" from ''Jahan Ara'' (1964), and "Tu Jahan Jahan Chalega" from ''Mera Saaya'' (1966).

The 1960s also witnessed the beginning of Mangeshkar's association with Laxmikant-Pyarelal, the music directors for whom she sang the most popular songs in her career.

She also sang several playback songs for Marathi films, composed by Marathi music directors including Hridaynath Mangeshkar, Vasant Prabhu, Srinivas Khale, Sudhir Phadke and herself (under the name ''Anandghan''). During the 1960s and 1970s, she also sang several Bengali songs, composed by music directors like Salil Chowdhury and Hemant Kumar.

In this period Lata Mangeshkar has recorded duets with Mukesh, Manna Dey, Mohammed Rafi, and Kishore Kumar.

1970s

In 1972, Meena Kumari's last film, ''Pakeezah'' released. It featured popular songs including "Chalte Chalte" and "Inhi Logon Ne" sung by Lata Mangeshkar, and composed by Ghulam Mohammed. She recorded many popular songs for S. D. Burman's last films, including "Rangeela Re" from ''Prem Pujari'' (1970), "Khilte Hain Gul Yahaan" from ''Sharmeelee'' (1971), and "Piya Bina" from ''Abhimaan'' (1973).

Lata Mangeshkar's most notable songs in 1970s were composed by Laxmikant-Pyarelal (Laxmi-Pyare) and Rahul Dev Burman. She recorded several songs composed by Laxmi-Pyare in 1960s and 1970s, many of them written by the lyricst Anand Bakshi. She also recorded many hit songs with Rahul Dev Burman in the films ''Amar Prem'' (1972), ''Caravan'' (1971), ''Kati Patang''(1971), and ''Aandhi'' (1975). The two are noted for their songs with the lyricists Majrooh Sultanpuri, Anand Bakshi and Gulzar.

In 1973, she won the National Film Award for Best Female Playback Singer for the song "Beeti Na Bitai" from the film ''Parichay'', composed by R. D. Burman, and written by Gulzar. In 1974, she sang her only Malayalam song "Kadali Chenkadali" for the film ''Nellu'', composed by Salil Chowdhury, and written by Vayalar Ramavarma. In 1975, she again won the national award, this time for the song "Roothe Roothe Piya" from the film ''Kora Kagaz'', composed by Kalyanji-Anandji.

From 1970s onwards, Lata Mangeshkar has also staged many concerts in India and abroad, including several charity concerts. Her first concert overseas was at the Royal Albert Hall, London, in 1974. She also released an album of Mirabai's bhajans, ''Chala Vaahi Des'', composed by her brother Hridayanath Mangeshkar. Some of the bhajans in the album include "Saanware Rang Raachi" and "Ud Jaa Re Kaaga". In the early 70s, she released other non-film albums, such as her collection of Ghalib ghazals, an album of Marathi folk songs (koli-geete), an album of Ganesh aartis (all composed by her brother Hridaynath) and an album of ''abhangs'' of Sant Tukaram composed by Shrinivas Khale.

In late 1970s and early 1980s, she worked with the children of composers she had earlier worked with. Some of these composers included Rahul Dev Burman (son of Sachin Dev Burman), Rajesh Roshan (son of Roshan), Anu Malik (son of Sardar Malik), and Anand-Milind (sons of Chitragupt).

1980s onwards

From 1980s onwards, Lata Mangeshkar worked with music directors including Shiv-Hari, Ram Laxman, and A. R. Rahman. She recorded some non-film songs, including ghazals with Jagjit Singh.

In 1990, Mangeshkar launched her own production house for Hindi movies which produced the Gulzar-directed movie ''Lekin...''. She won her third National Film Award for Best Female Playback Singer for her rendition of the song "Yaara Sili Sili" from the film, which was composed by her brother Hridayanath. During the 1990s, she recorded with music directors including Jatin-Lalit and Nadeem-Shravan. She has sung for Rajshri Productions, including ''Maine Pyar Kiya'' (1989) and ''Hum Aapke Hain Kaun'' (1994).

Mangeshkar has sung for almost all the Yash Chopra films and films from his production house Yash Raj Films at that time, including ''Chandni'' (1989), ''Lamhe'' (1991), ''Darr'' (1993), ''Yeh Dillagi'' (1994), ''Dilwale Dulhaniya Le Jayenge'' (1995), ''Dil To Pagal Hai'' (1997) and later on ''Mohabbatein'' (2000), ''Mujhse Dosti Karoge'' (2002) and ''Veer Zaara'' (2004).

A. R. Rahman recorded a few songs with Mangeshkar during this period, including "Jiya Jale" (''Dil Se''), "Khamoshiyan Gungunane Lagin" (''One Two Ka Four''), "Ek Tu Hi Bharosa" (''Pukar''), "Pyaara Sa Gaon" (''Zubeidaa''), "Lukka chuppi" (''Rang de Basanti'') and "O Paalanhaare" (''Lagaan''). She made an appearance in the film ''Pukar'' singing this song.

In 1999, Lata Eau de Parfum, a perfume brand named after her, was launched.

In 1999, Mangeshkar was nominated as a member of Rajya Sabha. However, she did not attend the Rajya Sabha sessions regularly, inviting criticism from several members of the House, including the Deputy Chairperson Najma Heptullah, Pranab Mukherjee and Shabana Azmi. She stated the reason for her absence as ill-health; it was also reported that she had not taken a salary, allowance or a house in Delhi for being a Member of Parliament.

In 2001, Lata Mangeshkar was awarded Bharat Ratna, India's highest civilian honor. In the same year, she established the Master Deenanath Mangeshkar Hospital in Pune, managed by the Lata Mangeshkar Medical Foundation (founded by the Mangeshkar family in October 1989). In 2005, she designed a jewellery collection called Swaranjali, which was crafted by Adora, an Indian diamond export company. Five pieces from the collection raised £105,000 at a Christie's auction, and a part of the money was donated for the 2005 Pakistan earthquake relief. Also in 2001, she recorded her first Hindi song with the composer Ilaiyaraaja, for the film ''Lajja''; she had earlier recorded Tamil and Telugu songs composed by Ilaiyaraaja.

Lata Mangeshkar's song "Wada Na Tod" is in the film ''Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind'' (2004) and on the film's soundtrack.

On June 21, 2007, she released an album ''Saadgi'', featuring eight ghazal-like songs written by Javed Akhtar and composed by Mayuresh Pai.

Non-singing career

Music direction

Lata Mangeshkar composed music for the first time in 1955 for Marathi movie ''Ram Ram Pavhane''. Later in 1960s, she composed music for following Marathi movies under the pseudonym of ''Anand Ghan''.

1960 - ''Ram Ram Pavhana''

1963 - ''Maratha Tituka Melvava''

1963 - ''Mohityanchi Manjula''

1965 - ''Sadhi Manase''

1969 - ''Tambadi Mati''

She won Maharashtra State Government's Best Music Director Award for the film ''Sadhi Manase''. The song "Airanichya Deva Tula" from the same film received best song award.

Production

Lata Mangeshkar has produced four films:

1953 - ''Vaadal'' (Marathi)

1953 - ''Jhaanjhar'' (Hindi), co-produced with C. Ramchandra

1955 - ''Kanchan'' (Hindi)

1990 - ''Lekin'' (Hindi)

Awards and recognitions

Lata Mangeshkar has won several awards and honors, including Padma Bhushan (1969), Padma Vibhushan (1999), Dada Saheb Phalke Award (1989), Maharashtra Bhushan Award (1997), NTR National Award (1999), Bharat Ratna (2001), ANR National Award (2009), three National Film Awards, and 12 Bengal Film Journalists' Association Awards. She has also won four Filmfare Best Female Playback Awards. In 1969, she made the unusual gesture of giving up the Filmfare Best Female Playback Award, in order to promote fresh talent. She was later awarded Filmfare Lifetime Achievement Award in 1993.

In 1984, the State Government of Madhya Pradesh instituted the ''Lata Mangeshkar Award'' in honuor of Lata Mangeshkar. The State Government of Maharashtra also instituted a Lata Mangeshkar Award in 1992.

In 1974, The Guinness Book of Records listed Lata Mangeshkar as the most recorded artist in the history, stating that she had reportedly recorded "not less than 25,000 solo, duet and chorus backed songs in 20 Indian languages" between 1948 and 1974. Her record was contested by Mohammed Rafi, who was claimed to have sung around 28,000 songs. After Rafi's death, in its 1984 edition, the Guinness Book of World Records stated Lata Mangeshkar's name for the "Most Recordings", but also stated Rafi's claim. The later editions of Guinness Book stated that Lata Mangeshkar had sung no fewer than 30,000 songs between 1948 and 1987.

Although the entry has not been printed in Guinness editions since 1991, reputable sources claim that she has recorded thousands of songs, with estimates ranging up to figures as large as 50,000. However, even the earliest Guinness claim of 25,000 songs (between 1948–1974) was claimed to be exaggerated by other sources, who stated that the number of songs sung by Lata Mangeshkar in Hindi films till 1991 was found to be 5250. Mangeshkar herself stated that she does not keep a record of the number of songs recorded by her, and that she did not know from where Guinness Book editors got their information.

See also

Playback singer

Asha Bhosle

List of Indian playback singers

Bollywood songs

References

Further reading

. A collection of articles written by Lata Mangeshkar since 1952. . . A collection of articles written by Lata Mangeshkar since 1952.

External links

Category:1929 births Category:Indian female singers Category:Indian film singers Category:Recipients of the Bharat Ratna Category:Recipients of the Padma Vibhushan Category:Recipients of the Padma Bhushan Category:Living people Category:Bollywood playback singers Category:Marathi people Category:Kollywood playback singers Category:People from Indore Category:Marathi playback singers Category:Telugu playback singers Category:Kannada playback singers Category:Hindi-language singers Category:Marathi-language singers Category:Bengali-language singers Category:Gujarati-language singers Category:Tamil-language singers Category:English-language singers Category:Dadasaheb Phalke Award recipients Category:Recipients of the Maharashtra Bhushan Award Category:Malayalam playback singers

ar:لاتا مانغيشكار bn:লতা মঙ্গেশকর de:Lata Mangeshkar es:Lata Mangeshkar fr:Lata Mangeshkar gu:લતા મંગેશકર hi:लता मंगेशकर id:Lata Mangeshkar it:Lata Mangeshkar kn:ಲತಾ ಮಂಗೇಶ್ಕರ್ ka:ლატა მანგეშკარი ml:ലത മങ്കേഷ്കർ mr:लता मंगेशकर nl:Lata Mangeshkar ne:लता मंगेशकर no:Lata Mangeshkar pnb:لتا منگیشکر ps:لتا منګېشکر pl:Lata Mangeshkar pt:Lata Mangeshkar fi:Lata Mangeshkar sv:Lata Mangeshkar ta:லதா மங்கேஷ்கர் te:లతా మంగేష్కర్ th:ลดา มังเคศกร ur:لتا منگیشکر

Position	Running back/ Return specialist
Number	40
Birth date	May 30, 1943Wichita, Kansas
Heightft	6
Heightin	0
Weight	198
Debutyear	1965
Debutteam	Chicago Bears
Finalyear	1971
Finalteam	Chicago Bears
Draftyear	1965
Draftround	1
Draftpick	4
Afldraftyear	1965
Afldraftround	1
Afldraftpick	5(By the Kansas City Chiefs)
College	Kansas
Teams	Chicago Bears (1965-1971)
Highlights	4× Pro Bowl selection (1965, 1966, 1967, 1969) 5× All-Pro selection (1965-1969) NFL 75th Anniversary All-Time Team NFL 1960s All-Decade Team 1965 UPI NFL-NFC Rookie of the Year 3× Pro Bowl MVP (1969, 1967, 1966) Chicago Bears #40 retired
Stat1label	Rushing Yards
Stat1value	4,956
Stat2label	Average
Stat2value	5.0
Stat3label	Touchdowns
Stat3value	48
Nfl	SAY276861
Hof	188
Collegehof	60043 }}

Gale Eugene Sayers (born May 30, 1943) also known as "The Kansas Comet", is a former professional football player in the National Football League who spent his entire career with the Chicago Bears.

Sayers is a member of both the Pro Football Hall of Fame and the College Football Hall of Fame. His friendship with fellow Chicago Bear Brian Piccolo was the basis for the 1971 movie ''Brian's Song''. He is a successful entrepreneur in the information technology field and an active philanthropist.

Early Years and College career

Born in Wichita, Kansas and raised in Omaha, Nebraska, Sayers graduated from Omaha Central High School (where he set a state long jump record of 24'11 3/4"); he was a two-time All-American football player at the University of Kansas. During his Jayhawk career, he rushed for 2,675 yards and gained 3,917 all-purpose yards. In 1963, he set an NCAA Division I record with a 99-yard run against Nebraska. In his senior year, he led the Jayhawks to a 15-14 upset victory over Oklahoma with a 96-yard kickoff return. Sayers is considered by many to have been the greatest open field runner in college football history.While being interviewed by Len Kaspar and Bob Brenley during a broadcast of a Chicago Cubs Baseball game on Sept. 8th, 2010. Sayers said he had originally intended to go to the University of Iowa. Sayers said that he decided against going to Iowa after the Iowa head coach, Jerry Burns, did not have time to meet Sayers during his on campus visit.

Professional career

Rookie season (1965)

Gale Sayers was drafted by the Kansas City Chiefs of the American Football League, but signed with Chicago. In his rookie year, he scored an NFL record 22 touchdowns (14 rushing, 6 receiving, and one each on punt and kickoff returns). He gained 1,374 yards from scrimmage and had 2,272 all-purpose yards (also a record, later broken by Tim Brown, who played two more games than Sayers). He tied Ernie Nevers' and Dub Jones' record for touchdowns in a single game, with six in a 61-20 victory over the San Francisco 49ers on December 12.

Sayers averaged 5.2 yards per rush and 17.5 yards per reception. His return averages were 14.9 yards per punt return and 31.4 yards per kickoff return. He was the unanimous choice for NFL Rookie of the Year honors. Despite his play, the Bears finished in third place in the NFL Western Conference (behind the Green Bay Packers and Baltimore Colts)

Second NFL season (1966)

In his second season, despite being the focus of opposing defenses, Sayers led the league in rushing with 1,231 yards, averaging 5.4 yards per carry with eight touchdowns. He led the Bears in receiving with 34 catches, 447 yards, and two more scores; he also surpassed his rookie season's kick return numbers, averaging 31.2 yards per return with two touchdowns. He set another NFL record with 2,440 all-purpose yards despite the Bears' fifth place finish, with a 5-7-2 record. Sayers also won the first of three Pro Bowl Most Valuable Player awards.

Third NFL season (1967)

In George Halas' last season as an NFL coach, Sayers again starred. Sharing more of the rushing duties with other backs, such as Brian Piccolo, Sayers gained 880 yards with a 4.7 average per carry. His receptions were down as well. He had three kickoff returns for touchdowns on 16 returns, averaging 37.7 yards per return. Only rarely returning punts, Sayers still managed to run one back for a score. Chicago finished in second place in the newly organized Central Division with a 7-6-1 record.

First and second injuries

After the first nine games of 1968, Sayers was again leading the NFL in rushing (he finished with 856 yards and a 6.2 average per carry). However, his season ended prematurely in a game against the San Francisco 49ers when Sayers tore many ligaments in his right knee. After surgery, Sayers went through a physical rehabilitation program with the help of teammate Brian Piccolo.

In the 1969 season Sayers led the league in rushing once again with 1,032 yards, but he lacked the lightning speed he once had, and averaged only 4.4 yards per carry. The Bears, long past the Halas glory years, finished in last place with a franchise worst 1–13 record.

In 1970, Sayers suffered a second knee injury, this time to his left knee. Piccolo also died of cancer that year. During his off time, Sayers took classes to become a stockbroker and became the first black stockbroker in his company's history. After another rehabilitation period, he tried a comeback in 1971, but was not successful. He was encouraged to retire because of his loss of speed. His final game was in the preseason; he was handed the ball three times and fumbled twice.

Sayers retired from football in 1971.

In 1977, Sayers was inducted into the Pro Football Hall of Fame, and is still the youngest inductee in the Hall's history. In 1994, the Bears retired his number, 40, at Soldier Field, along with number 51, which had been worn by his teammate, legendary linebacker Dick Butkus. In 1999, despite the brevity of his career, he was ranked #22 on ''The Sporting News'''s list of the 100 Greatest Football Players.

NFL records

Sayers' records include most touchdowns in a rookie season (22 in 1965), most touchdowns in a game (6, tied with Nevers and Jones), highest career kickoff return average (30.56), and most return touchdowns in a game (2, tied with many players).

''Brian's Song''

Gale Sayers' friendship with teammate Brian Piccolo, and Piccolo's struggle with cancer (embryonal cell carcinoma, an uncommon form of testicular cancer, which was diagnosed after it metastasized to a large tumor in his chest cavity), became the subject of the made-for-TV movie ''Brian's Song''. The movie, in which Sayers was portrayed by Billy Dee Williams in the 1971 original, and by Mekhi Phifer in the 2001 remake, was adapted from Sayers' account of this story in his 1971 autobiography, ''I Am Third''.

A notable aspect of Sayers' friendship with Piccolo, a white man, and the first film's depiction of their friendship, was its effect on race relations. The first film was made in the wake of racial riots, escalating racial tensions in the wake of Martin Luther King's assassination, and charges of discrimination across the nation. Sayers and Piccolo were devoted friends and deeply respectful of and affectionate with each other. Piccolo helped Sayers through rehabilitation after injury, and Sayers was by Piccolo's side throughout his illness.

Retirement

Gale Sayers has had a successful career following his retirement from football. In 1976, Sayers was named Athletic Director at Southern Illinois University. Later, in 1984 he founded Crest Computer Supply Company in the Chicago-area. Under Gale's leadership, this company experienced consistent growth and was renamed Sayers 40, Inc.

Currently, he is Chairman of Sayers 40, Inc., a technology consulting and implementation firm serving Fortune 1000 companies nationally with offices in Vernon Hills, IL, Canton, MA, Clearwater, FL, and Atlanta, GA.

Gale Sayers and his wife are also active philanthropists in Chicago. They support the Cradle Foundation—an adoption organization in Evanston, IL, and, most recently, they founded the Gale Sayers Center in the Austin neighborhood of Chicago. The Gale Sayers Center is an after-school program for children ages 8–12 from Chicago's west side and focuses on leadership development, tutoring, and mentoring.

In 2009, Sayers joined the University of Kansas Athletic Department staff as Director of Fundraising for Special Projects.

External links

Gale Sayers Biography at www.bearshistory.com

Video NFL Top 100 Players #22

Sayers 40, Inc. Gale Sayers-owned technology consulting firm

References

Category:1943 births Category:Living people Category:American football return specialists Category:American football running backs Category:Chicago Bears players Category:College Football Hall of Fame inductees Category:Kansas Jayhawks football players Category:NFL 75th Anniversary All-Time Team Category:National Football League players with retired numbers Category:National Football League players with multiple rushing titles Category:People from Chicago, Illinois Category:People from Wichita, Kansas Category:Pro Football Hall of Fame inductees Category:Sportspeople from Nebraska Category:University of Kansas alumni Category:Western Conference Pro Bowl players

de:Gale Sayers fr:Gale Sayers it:Gale Sayers

name	Suresh Wadkar
background	solo_singer
instrument	Vocalist
genre	film music (playback singing), Indian classical music
occupation	Singer
years active	1976–present }}

Suresh Ishwar Wadkar (, born 1954) is an Indian playback singer. He performs in both Hindi and Marathi films.He has sung songs in some Bhojpuri Films.

Early life

Suresh Wadkar was born in Kolhapur, India. At the age of 8, he began acquiring basic music education from Jialal Vasant. He soon impressed his guru with the quality of his voice. He began performing on the stage at a very early age.

Music Teaching life

Back in 1968, when Suresh Wadkar was barely 13, Acharya Jialal Vasant entrusted him with a student to initiate in Tabla. A year later, he was given the responsibility of a group of youngsters to teach vocal classical. Our system of education in music makes it mandatory to teach before you appear for your graduation in music through Prayag Sangit Samiti, because there “Prabhakar” certificate is equivalent to B. Ed. and it authorizes you to teach professionally. Guruji made every child studying for Senior Diploma, to sit in the class of 1st year with an experienced teacher and learn the process of “teaching”. Suresh successfully completed his “Prabhakar” and joined “Arya Vidya Mandir, Mumbai as a music teacher. A lot of famous “stars” of today had the opportunity to learn from him.

Acharya Jialal Vasant, announced during his felicitation function organized by his students on May 1985. He said, “We continuously talk about the benefits one enjoys when one is blessed with a good Guru. But let me tell you, that every Guru looks for at least one student, who can take his torch forward. I have been, I must say, very fortunate to get ‘the’ student; I have always looked for in Suresh. I am fully confident that he will leave no stone unturned to accomplish what I desire the most – to attain excellence both as a singer & a teacher. I feel that my mission is fulfilled.”

He has a music school in Mumbai, India (www.ajivasan.com) and New Jersey/New York, USA (www.sureshwadkarmusic.com) where methodical training is given to students.

Suresh Wadkar added a new chapter in his Music life when he started the First Online Music teaching school "SWAMA" (Suresh Wadkar Ajivasan Music Academy) under Ace Open University.

Singing career

Though groomed for Indian classical music, he entered the Sur-Singar competition in 1976. Wadkar won the competition which was judged by composers from the Indian film industry including Jaidev. Jaidev later offered him the song "Seene Mein Jalan" in the film ''Gaman'' (released in 1978). He also performed in the film ''Paheli'' (released 1977).

At the time, Lata Mangeshkar was so impressed with his voice that she strongly recommended him to film personalities including Laxmikant-Pyarelal, Khayyam and Kalyanji-Anandji. Laxmikant-Pyarelal, impressed with his voice, soon recorded a duet with Lata "Chal Chameli Bagh Mein" for ''Krodhi'' (released in 1981). Soon after, he was given the opportunity to perform for songs in ''Hum Paanch'', ''Pyaasa Sawan'' ("Megha re Megha Re") and above all, his turning point in films - Raj Kapoor's ''Prem Rog'' (released in 1982).

Wadkar also produced the film ''Tanman.com''. He was a judge on the Indian TV singing show ''Sa Re Ga Ma Pa Little Champs International'' and at the 2005 Sanjeet Awards.

Suresh Wadkar has for the first time sung a song in the upcoming Tamil film ''Kanden Kadhalai''. This film is an adaptation of the Hindi Blockbuster ''Jab We Met''. The song is a ghazal type song called "Naan Mozhi Arindhaen".

His voice has been acknowledged to have a quality for devotional songs. He has sung numerous devotional songs in various languages.

In a recent program, Suresh Wadkar gave credit to Ravindra Jain for shaping his singing career.

Marathi Music career

Suresh Wadkar has worked with some of the top class Marathi music directors like Pt.Hridaynath Mangeshkar, Sudhir Phadke, Shrinivas Khale, Shridhar Phadke, Vasant Desai, Ashok Patki, Anil-Arun etc. Some of his notable marathi songs are:

Dayaghana with pt.Hridaynath Mangeshkar

Kaal dehasi ala khau with Shrinivas Khale

tula pahile mi with Shridhar Phadke

Omkar swaroopa

Pahile Na Mi Tula

Stage Performances

Suresh Wadkar often performs with other legendary artistes such as Zakir Hussain, Shrinivas Khale, Hridaynath Mangeshkar, Lata Mangeshkar, Asha Bhonsle, and Kavita Krishnamurthy for numerous stage performances.

Personal life

Wadkar is married to classical singer Padma. He has two daughters, Ananya and Gia.

Awards

In 1976, Wadkar won the Madan Mohan Best Male Singer Award at the Sur-Singar competition.

He also won the 2007 Maharashtra Pride Award which is given by the government of Maharashtra to citizens of note.

He is also a recipient of the Lata Mangeshkar Puraskar instituted by Madhya Pradesh government.

In 2011, he won the National Award for Best Male Playback Singer for Mee Sindhutai Sapkal (Marathi).

Collaborators

Suresh Wadkar has sung for a variety of composers in the Indian film industry. These include:

Shrinivas Khale (Marathi)

Shridhar Phadke (Marathi)

Laxmikant Pyarelal

Kalyanji Anandji

R.D. Burman

Ilayaraja

Ravindra Jain

Bappi Lahiri

Khaiyyam

Usha Khanna

A.R. Rehman

Vidyasagar

Nadeem-Shravan

Vishal Bhardwaj

Rajesh Roshan

Raamlaxman

Shiv-Hari

Jatin-Lalit

Hridayanath Mangeshkar

Shridhar Phadke

Anand-Milind

Anu Malik

Himesh Reshammiya

Shanker

Ravi

Chitragupta

Jaidev

Selected filmography

''7 Khoon Maaf''(2012)

''Kanden Kadhalai''(2009) (Tamil)

''Kaminey'' (2009)

''Ek Vivah Aisa Bhi'' (2008)

''Omkara]]'' (2006)

''Vivah'' (2006)

''Bal Ganesh'' (2006)

''Indra'' (2002)

''Hu Tu Tu'' (1999)

''Sar Utha Ke Jiyo'' (1998)

''Satya'' (1998)

''Maachis'' (1996)

''PremGranth'' (1996)

''Rangeela'' (1995)

''Guddu'' (1995)

''Aaina'' (1993)

''In Custody'' (1993)

''Parampara'' (1992)

''Dil Aashna Hai'' (1992)

''Thalapathi'' (1991)

''Lamhe'' (1991)

''Lekin'' (1991)

''Henna'' (1991)

''Kurbaan'' (1991)

''Aaj Ka Samson'' (1991)

''Patthar Ke Phool'' (1991)

''The Blow'' (1991)

''Shiva'' (1990)

''Parinda (1989)

''Bhrashtachar'' (1989)

''Toofan'' (1989)

''Purani Haveli'' (1989)

''Chandni'' (1989)

''Hero Hiralal'' (1988)

''Libaas'' (1988)

''Thikana'' (1987)

''Hifazat'' (1987) directed by Prayag Raj

''Ram Teri Ganga Maili'' (1985)

''Utsav'' (1984)

''Sadma'' (1983)

''Masoom'' (1983)

''Disco Dancer'' (1982)

''Prem Rog'' (1982)

''Hum Paanch'' (1980)

''gaman'' (1978)

''Paheli'' (1977)

References

External links

Category:1954 births Category:Living people Category:Bollywood playback singers Category:Indian film singers Category:Indian male singers Category:Marathi playback singers Category:Marathi-language singers

mr:सुरेश वाडकर ur:سریش واڈکر

name	Gale Harold
birthname	Gale Morgan Harold III
birth place	Decatur, Georgia, U.S.
birth date	July 10, 1969
occupation	Actor
yearsactive	2000–present }}

Gale Morgan Harold III (born July 10, 1969) is an American actor widely known for his roles on ''Queer as Folk,'' ''Desperate Housewives'' and ''Hellcats'', as well as on a series of 2002 Pontiac Aztek commercials.

Early life

Harold was born in Decatur, Georgia, the son of an engineer father and a mother who was a real estate agent. The second of three children, Harold's parents were devout Pentecostals, and Harold had a strict Pentecostal upbringing. At age 15, he left the church, saying that he "knew it was bullshit." Harold's father left the church several years later.

After graduating from The Lovett School in Atlanta, Georgia, Harold attended American University in Washington, DC, on a soccer scholarship. He began a Liberal Arts degree in romance literature, departing after a year and a half following a conflict with his coach. Harold then moved to San Francisco, California, United States to pursue an interest in photography at the San Francisco Art Institute. He worked a variety of jobs including positions as a Ducati motorcycle technician and a construction worker.

In 1997, friend Susan Landau, daughter of actor Martin Landau, suggested Harold try acting. He relocated to Los Angeles and began a 3-year period of intensive drama study. At 28, he was accepted into the Actors Conservatory Program with the classical theater company A Noise Within. In his theatrical debut, Harold appeared as "Bunny" in ''Me and My Friends''. In 2003, he starred in Wake, produced by Susan Landau Finch and directed by her husband Henry Leroy Finch. The movie featured a cameo by Martin Landau and the lead part of Kyle Riven was written specifically for Harold.

Career

In 2000, Harold landed the controversial role of unapologetic gay man Brian Kinney, a central character on Showtime's popular gay drama ''Queer as Folk'', a breakthrough performance that included a level of explicit gay male sex unusual for American television. Brian Kinney's character, as well as the show itself, elicited quite a great deal of controversy. It was alternately lauded and criticized for its explicit depictions of gay club life. The show ran for five successful seasons, ending in 2005.

Harold had the lead role of Special Agent Graham Kelton in the short-lived FOX series ''Vanished'' in 2006, but his character was killed off in the seventh episode and appeared only as a corpse in the eighth episode.

Harold also guest-starred as Wyatt Earp in two episodes of the HBO series ''Deadwood'' and appeared twice on the CBS series ''The Unit''. Alongside childhood idol David Bowie, Gale is an associate producer of the documentary ''Scott Walker: 30 Century Man''.

Gale Harold returned to the New York stage in Tennessee Williams' play ''Suddenly Last Summer'' on November 15, 2006, in the role of Dr. Cukrowicz ("Dr. Sugar"). Harold's co-stars in the Roundabout Theatre repertory production, a limited Off-Broadway engagement running through January 20, 2007, were Blythe Danner and Carla Gugino.

Harold was the male lead in the indie romantic comedy ''Falling for Grace'', which debuted favorably at the 2006 Tribeca Film Festival (under working title ''East Broadway''). Harold played an eligible New York bachelor in an inter-racial relationship with an Asian-American woman. The film screened at festivals, theaters and campuses in the U.S., China and Germany; it was released on DVD in March, 2010.

Gale appeared in November 2007 in a guest role on ABC's ''Grey's Anatomy'' as Shane, a paramedic and white supremacist with a swastika tattooed on his abdomen, who is injured in an ambulance crash.

Harold joined the cast of ''Desperate Housewives'' on the fourth season finale May 18, 2008 as Jackson Braddock, Susan Mayer's love interest. Six months after a serious motorcycle accident, Harold returned to play Jackson on the May 3, 2009 episode of the show.

In January and February 2010, Gale performed alongside Denise Crosby (Star Trek TNG) and ex-model Claudia Mason in Tennessee Williams' ''Orpheus Descending'' at Theater/Theatre in Los Angeles. The production and cast received mostly positive reviews, with the Los Angeles Times calling his performance "brilliant" and adding "Harold, ideally cast, beautifully ignites with Crosby, whose unconventional interpretation is an affecting revelation."

In July 2010, it was announced at the Television Critics Association Summer Tour that Harold had accepted a recurring role as a law professor in the upcoming series ''Hellcats''. Executive Producer Kevin Murphy said of him:'' “Oh my God, I was such a fan of his on Queer As Folk. He has the ability to be really, really wicked smart and also just really kind of sexy and immersive, and his character, he pulls you in. He’s a seducer and I think all the great lawyers are seducers.”'' The series concluded its season with Harold's character involved in a sexual affair with the show's lead character Marti (played by Aly Michalka). However, the series was cancelled after one season. Prior to cancellation, however, it was announced that Harold would be a regular in another prospective CW series, ''The Secret Circle'', based on a trilogy of popular young adult novels.

Following considerable buzz in the press, the CW picked up ''The Secret Circle'' for the Fall of 2011. The series will revolve around a coven of teenaged witches in a small town in Washington State (changed from Maine in the novels), each a member of a different witch clan dating back to the 17th Century. Harold will play the show's villain, a scheming and powerful male witch (the word "warlock" will apparently not be used) who is the father of one of the teenagers. Because the author of the novel cycle, L. J. Smith, is also the author of the novels on which the CW series ''The Vampire Diaries'' is based, and because the series creators (Kevin Williamson and Julie Plec) are the same, the CW intends to use the latter show as the lead-in for ''The Secret Circle''. Both shows will air on Thursday nights.

Reaction from journalists who have seen the show's pilot episode has been almost uniformly positive, with one writer predicting: ''"We feel like Gale Harold is going to steal every single scene he's in on the show, just like he basically stole this extended trailer. He was creepy as hell threatening Adam's father (Adam Harrington) and even creepier when he was putting on the nice guy act for Cassie... after killing her mother. We already love to hate him."''

Personal life

Harold is a motorcycle enthusiast and former motorcycle technician. On October 14, 2008, Harold was hospitalized after a serious motorcycle accident at USC Medical Center's intensive care unit. He remained in critical condition after swelling of the brain was discovered as well as a fractured shoulder. Harold was subsequently released from intensive care and returned to complete his interrupted role on ''Desperate Housewives''. The online motorcycle publication ''Clutch & Chrome'', which has followed his recovery closely, celebrated his new ''Hellcats'' role with an article on August 3, 2010.

Filmography

''Mental Hygiene'' ''Particles of Truth'' ''The Unseen'' ''Falling for Grace'' ''Passenger Side'' ''Fertile Ground'' ''Rehab'' ''Street Time'' ''Fathers and Sons'' ''The Unit'' Wyatt Earp ''Grey's Anatomy'' ''[[Desperate Housewives'' ''CSI: NY'' ''Hellcats'' ''The Secret Circle (TV series)

colspan="4" style="background: LightSteelBlue;"	Film
2000	''36K''	Booker O'Brien
2001	|	David Ryan	Short film
rowspan="3"	2003	|	Morrison Wiley
''Rhinoceros Eyes''	Det. Phil Barbara
''Wake''	Kyle Riven
rowspan="2"	2005	|	Harold
''Life on the Ledge''	Chaz
2006	|	Andrew James Barrington, Jr.
2009	|	Karl
2010	|	Nate Weaver
2011	|	Dr. Daniel Brody	''Post-production''
colspan="4" style="background: LightSteelBlue;">Television
! Year !! Title !! Role !! Notes
2000-2005	Queer as Folk (North American TV series)>Queer as Folk''	Brian Kinney
rowspan="2"	2003	|	Geoff Beddoes	2 episodes
''Law & Order: Special Victims Unit''
rowspan="2"	2005	|	Elliott	Made-for-television film
''Martha: Behind Bars''	Peter Bacanovic
rowspan="3"	2006	|	Rory	Episode 1.07: "The Unit (season 1)#ep7
''[[Deadwood (TV series)	Deadwood''	| Episode 3.08: "Leviathan Smiles" Episode 3.09: "Amateur Night"
''Vanished''	Agent Graham Kelton
2007	|	Shane	Episode 4.09: "Grey's Anatomy (season 4)#ep70
2008-2009	|	Acquaintances of Susan Mayer#Jackson Braddock>Jackson Braddock	15 episodes
2010	|	Kevin Scott	CSI: NY (season 6)#ep139>Point of View"
2010-2011	|	Julian Parrish	9 episodes
2011	The Secret Circle'' ||	Thomas Mead	Main cast

References

External links

AfterElton.com: Documenting a Musical Outsider; interview with Stephen Kijak and Gale Harold

Category:American agnostics Category:American film actors Category:American television actors Category:American University alumni Category:Former Protestants Category:Actors from Georgia (U.S. state) Category:People from DeKalb County, Georgia Category:1969 births Category:Living people Category:San Francisco Art Institute alumni

ca:Gale Harold da:Gale Harold de:Gale Harold es:Gale Harold fr:Gale Harold it:Gale Harold he:גייל הרולד hu:Gale Harold nl:Gale Harold ja:ゲイル・ハロルド pl:Gale Harold pt:Gale Harold ru:Харольд, Гейл fi:Gale Harold uk:Гейл Харольд