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The Jordan River (American English) or River Jordan (British English) (Hebrew: נהר הירדן Nehar haYarden, Nahr al-Urdun) is a river in Southwest Asia flowing to the Dead Sea. In Judaism, the river serves as the eastern border of the "Eretz Yisra'el", the Land of Israel. In Christian tradition, Jesus was baptised here by John the Baptist. The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan takes its name from this river.
The Jordan River is 251 kilometres (156 miles) long.
Its section north of the Sea of Galilee (Hebrew: כינרת kinneret, Arabic: Bohayrat Tabaraya, meaning Lake of Tiberias) is within the boundaries of Israel, and forms the western boundary of the Golan Heights. South of the lake, it forms the border between the Kingdom of Jordan (to the east) and Israel and the West Bank (to the west).
In modern times, the waters are 70% to 90% used for human purposes and the flow is much reduced. Because of this and the high evaporation rate of the Dead Sea, the sea is shrinking. All the shallow waters of the southern end of the sea have been drained in modern times and are now salt flats.
Small sections of the Jordan's upper portion, near the Sea of Galilee, have been kept pristine for baptisms. Most polluted is the 60-mile downstream stretch - a meandering stream from the Sea of Galilee to the Dead Sea. Environmentalists say the practice has almost destroyed the river's ecosystem. Rescuing the river could take decades, according to environmentalists. The same environmentalist organization said in a report that the Jordan River could dry up by 2011 unless the decay is stopped. The flow rate of the Jordan River once was 1.3 billion cubic meters per year; as of 2010, just 20 to 30 million cubic meters per year flow into the Dead Sea. in the Jordan (Matthew ; Mark; Luke ; John). This is recounted as having taken place at Bethabara ().
Jesus came to be baptised by him there (; ; , ). The Jordan is also where John the Baptist bore record of Jesus as the Son of God and Lamb of God ().
The prophesy of Isaiah regarding the Messiah which names the Jordan () is recounted in .
The New Testament speaks several times about Jesus crossing the Jordan during his ministry (; ), and of believers crossing the Jordan to come hear him preach and to be healed of their diseases (; ). When his enemies sought to capture him, Jesus took refuge at Jordan in the place John had first baptised ().
Because the Israelites made a difficult and hazardous journey from slavery in Egypt to freedom in The Promised Land, the Jordan can refer to freedom. The actual crossing is the final step of the journey, which is then complete.
Category:Geography of Israel Category:Geography of Palestine Category:Geography of the West Bank Category:Great Rift Valley Category:Hebrew Bible rivers Category:Israel–Jordan relations Category:New Testament places Category:Old Testament Apocrypha places Category:Catholic pilgrimage sites Category:Sacred rivers Category:Rivers of Israel Category:Rivers of Jordan Category:International rivers of Asia Category:Rivers of the West Bank Category:Tourism in Jordan Category:Jordan River basin Category:Environmental issues in Israel Category:Fertile Crescent Category:Rivers of Syria Category:Israel–Jordan border Category:Israel–Syria border Category:Borders of the West Bank
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Name | Shirley Caesar-Williams |
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Background | solo_singer |
Alias | Pastor Shirley Caesar-Williams (The First Lady of Gospel) |
Born | October 13, 1938 |
Origin | Durham, North Carolina, U.S. |
Instrument | Vocals = Mezzo Soprano |
Genre | Gospel |
Occupation | Singer |
Years active | 1951–present |
Label | Artemis Gospel |
Associated acts | Albertina Walker (Queen of Gospel Music) James Cleveland (King of Gospel Music) The Caesar SingersThe CaravansInez AndrewsDorothy NorwoodPatti LaBelle |
Url | Official website}} |
Shirley Ann Caesar (born October 13, 1938, Durham, North Carolina) is an American Gospel music singer, songwriter and recording artist whose career has spanned six decades. A multi-award winning artist, with eleven Grammy Awards and seven Dove Awards to her credit, she is known as "First Lady of gospel".
Beginning recording at the age of 13 in 1951, Shirley Caesar has released over forty albums, exploring her gift and spreading messages of faith. She has participated in over 16 compilations and three gospel musicals, Mama I Want to Sing, Sing: Mama 2 and Born to Sing: Mama 3.
Her credits also include a series of commercials for MCI Communications and several awards for her recordings. She has won or received 11 Grammy Awards, 13 Stellar Awards, 18 Doves, 1 RIAA gold certification, an Essence Award, McDonald's Golden Circle Lifetime Achievement Award, NAACP Achievement Award, SESAC Lifetime Achievement Award, as well as induction into the Gospel Music Hall of Fame. According to Soundscan, she has sold 2.2 million albums since 1991. Pastor Shirley has made several notable appearances including the televised Live from Disney World Night of Joy, the Gospel According to VH1, a White House performance for George Bush, and a speech on the Evolution of Gospel Music to the US Treasury Department
She sang with the legendary late Queen of Gospel Dr. Albertina Walker, Dorothy Norwood, Inez Andrews, Delores Washington and James Cleveland while in the Caravans. She recorded and performed with The Caravans from 1958 until 1966, then she began pursuing a solo career and making a name for herself in the gospel music circuit. Caesar credits Albertina Walker as her mentor and "Queen of Gospel Music". After singing with the Caravans, she started her solo career, making guest appearances on the Bobby Jones gospel show and other popular television shows.
Between 1981 and 1995, she received seven Dove Awards for Black Gospel Album of the Year for Live at the G.M.W.A., Celebration, Christmasing, Sailin‘, Live ... In Chicago, Go and Rejoice. She received two Black Gospel Song of the Year Awards for "He's Working It Out for You" and "Hold My Mule". She has performed with such performers as Patti LaBelle, Whitney Houston, Dorothy Norwood, Faith Evans, Dottie Peoples, Arnold Houston, Kim Burrell, John P. Kee, and Tonex, Tye Tribbett among others.
Some of the songs she sang
Category:1938 births Category:1950s singers Category:1960s singers Category:1970s singers Category:1980s singers Category:1990s singers Category:2000s singers Category:2010s singers Category:Living people Category:African American singers Category:American gospel singers Category:Grammy Award winners Category:People from Durham, North Carolina Category:American evangelists
This text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
Name | Max Romeo |
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Background | solo_singer |
Birth name | Maxwell Livingston Smith |
Born | November 22, 1947 |
Origin | St. D'Acre, St. James, Jamaica |
Genre | Reggae, roots reggae |
Years active | 1966 - present |
Associated acts | The Upsetters |
Max Romeo (born Maxwell Livingston Smith, 22 November 1947, St. D'Acre, St. James, Jamaica) is a reggae and roots reggae recording artist who has achieved chart success in his home country, and in the UK. Romeo was responsible for launching an entirely new sub-genre of reggae, whose overtly suggestive lyrics caused an outcry but took a massive hold of the music scene regardless. Yet innuendo was the least of the singer's stylings, previous to the release of his infamous "Wet Dream," Romeo had garnered a string of sweet hits with the vocal trio the Emotions. And once the nocturnal naughtiness faded, the singer established himself as one of the most important figures in the roots scene.
Romeo moved to New York City in 1978, where he co-wrote (with Hair producer Michael Butler) the musical, Reggae, which he also starred in. In 1980 he appeared as a backing vocalist on "Dance" on The Rolling Stones album Emotional Rescue. In 1981, the favour was returned when Keith Richards (of The Rolling Stones) co-produced and played on Romeo's album, Holding Out My Love to You. The rest of his output during the decade went practically unnoticed, with Romeo finding work at a New York electronics store. He returned to Jamaica in 1990, and began touring and recording more regularly.
He visited the UK again in 1992, recording the albums Far I Captain of My Ship and Our Rights with Jah Shaka. In 1995 he recorded Cross of the Gun with Tappa Zukie, and he joined up with UK rhythm section/production team Mafia & Fluxy in 1999 for the album Selassie I Forever.
Romeo's music has been sampled by other artists; The Prodigy sampled his track "I Chase the Devil" for their 1992 UK Top Ten hit "Out of Space". Kanye West has also used samples from it to produce Jay-Z's hit song "Lucifer", which appeared on Jay-Z's 2003 release - The Black Album.
"I Chase the Devil" is featured on the reggae radio station in a popular videogame Grand Theft Auto San Andreas, released in October 2004. Romeo's single "Sipple Out Deh" appeared in John Peel's Record Box.
Category:1947 births Category:Living people Category:Jamaican male singers Category:Jamaican socialists Category:Converts to the Rastafari movement Category:Jamaican reggae singers Category:People from Saint James Parish, Jamaica
This text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
Name | Burning Spear |
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Background | solo_singer |
Birth name | Winston Godfrey Rodney |
Born | March 01, 1948 |
Genre | Reggae |
Years active | 1969–present |
Label | Studio One, Island, EMI, Heartbeat, Slash |
Url | www.burningspear.net |
Burning Spear was originally Rodney's group, named after Jomo Kenyatta, the first Prime Minister and President of an independent Kenya, leading Rodney to set up his own Spear label for future releases where he would have full control, although further releases followed on Island including a dub album (Garvey's Ghost) and the Man in the Hills album. a feat which he repeated with Jah Is Real in 2009.
In the mid 1990s, he set up the Burning Music Production company, handling his own bookings, and in 2002, he and his wife, Sonia Rodney who has produced a number of his albums, restarted Burning Spear Records, giving him a greater degree of artistic control. He signed a distribution deal for the label with MRI/Ryko. Since the mid-1990s, he has been based in Queens, New York.
Burning Spear was awarded the Order of Distinction in the rank of Officer on October 15, 2007.
The Track "We Are Going" was featured in cycling documentary "Roam" by The Collective.
Nominations for Best Reggae Album''
Category:1948 births Category:Living people Category:Converts to the Rastafari movement Category:Jamaican Rastafarians Category:Performers of Rastafarian music Category:Jamaican reggae singers Category:Jamaican songwriters Category:Jamaican male singers Category:Grammy Award winners Category:People from Saint Ann Parish
This text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.