Official name	Guadalajara
Image seal	Escudo_de_Armas_de_Guadalajara_(Jalisco).svg
Map caption	Location of Guadalajara within Jalisco
Pushpin map	Mexico
Pushpin mapsize	300
Coordinates region	MX
Subdivision type	Country
Subdivision name
Subdivision type1	State
Subdivision name1
Leader title	Mayor
Leader name	Jorge Aristóteles Sandoval
Established title	Foundation
Established date	1542
Area total km2	151
Area metro km2	2734
Population as of	2009
Population total	1,564,514
Population density km2	10361
Population metro	4,328,584
Population density metro km2	1583
Population blank1 title	Demonym
Population blank1	Tapatío
Timezone	Central Standard Time
Hdi	0.860 – High
Utc offset	-6
Timezone dst	Central Daylight Time
Utc offset dst	-5
Elevation m	1566
Elevation ft	5138
Postal code type
Website	guadalajara.gob.mx

Guadalajara () is the capital of the Mexican state of Jalisco, and the seat of the municipality of Guadalajara. The city is located in the central region of Jalisco in the western-pacific area of Mexico. With a population of 1,564,514 it is Mexico's second most populous municipality. The Guadalajara Metropolitan Area includes seven adjacent municipalities with a reported population of 4,328,584 in 2009, making it the second most populous metropolitan area in Mexico, behind Mexico City. The municipality is the second most densely populated area in Mexico; the first being Ciudad Nezahualcóyotl in Estado de México.

The city's economy is based on industry, especially information technology with a large number of international firms having manufacturing facilities in the Guadalajara Metro Area. Other, more traditional industries, such as shoes, textiles and food processing are also important. Guadalajara is the cultural center of Mexico, considered by most to be the home of Mariachi music and host to a number of large-scale cultural events such as the International Film Festival of Guadalajara and the Guadalajara International Book Fair and a number of internationally renowned cultural events which draw international crowds. It is also home to the Chivas football/soccer team, one of the two most popular in Mexico. This city was named American Capital of Culture in 2005 and will be the city host for the 2011 Pan American Games.

Guadalajara is the 10th largest city in Latin America in terms of population, urban area The city is named after the Spanish city of Guadalajara, with the name originating from the Arabic word wād al-ḥaŷara (واد الحجارة or وادي الحجارة) the literal translation of the Iberian name Arriaca, meaning "stony river".

In a 2007 research of the FDi magazine Guadalajara was the highest ranking major Mexican city having the second strongest economic potential of any major North American city and only Chicago scored more highly for sheer economic potential, in the same research was considered the "city of the future" due to its youthful population, low unemployment and large number of recent foreign investment deals, it was also found the third most business friendly city in North America.

This settlement was ferociously attacked during the Mixtón War in 1541, by Caxcan, Portecuex and Zacateco peoples under the command of Tenamaxtli. The village of Guadalajara barely survived and credit was given to the aid requested from the Archangel Michael, who remains as patron of the city. It was then decided to move the city once again, this time to Atemajac as it was more defensible and the city has remained here to this day. In 1542, records indicate that 126 people were living in Guadalajara, and in the same year, the status of city was conferred by the Spanish king. The settlement's name came from the Spanish hometown of Nuño de Guzmán.

Guadalajara remained the capital of Nueva Galicia with some modifications until the Mexican War of Independence. Hidalgo did sign a proclamation ending slavery, which was honored in the country since after the war. During this time, he also founded the newspaper El Despertador Americano dedicated to the insurgent cause. Insurgents Ignacio Allende and Mariano Abasolo wanted to concentrate their forces in the city and plan an escape route should they be defeated, but Hidalgo rejected this. Their second choice then was to make a stand at the Puente de Calderon just outside the city. Hidalgo had between 80,000 and 100,000 men and 95 cannons, but the better trained royalists won, decimating the insurgent army, forcing Hidalgo to flee towards Aguascalientes. Guadalajara would remain in royalist hands until nearly the end of the war. After the state of Jalisco was erected in 1823, the city became its capital. During the Reform War, President Benito Juárez had his government here for a time in 1856. French troops entered the city during the French Intervention in 1864, and the city was retaken by Mexican troops in 1866. After Independence, small-scale industries developed, many of them owned by immigrants from Europe. Rail lines connecting the city to the Pacific coast and north to the United States intensified trade and allowed products from rural areas of Jalisco state to be shipped. The ranch culture became a very important aspect of Jalisco's and Guadalajara's identity since this time. and the first industrial park was established in 1947. The population of the municipality has stagnated, and even declined, slowly but steadily since the early 1990s. In the 1980s, the city was described as a "divided city" east to west based on socioeconomic class. Since then, the city has evolved into four sectors, which are still more-or-less class centered. The upper classes tend to live in Hidalgo and Juárez in the northwest and southwest, while lower classes tend to live in the city center, Libertad in the north east and southeast in Reforma. However, lower class development have developed on the city's periphery and upper and middle classes are migrating toward Zapopan, making the situation less neatly divided.(napolitano21-22) . Since 1996, activity by multinational corporations has had a significant effect on the economic and social development of the city. The presence of companies such as Kodak, Hewlett-Packard, Motorola and IBM has been based on production facilities built just outside the city proper, bringing in foreign labor and capital. This was made possible in the 1980s by surplus labor, infrastructure improvements and government incentives. These companies focus on electrical and electronic items, which is now one of Guadalajara's two main products (the other being beer). This has internationalized the economy, steering it away from manufacturing and toward services, dependent on technology and foreign investment. This has not been favorable for the unskilled working class, and traditional labor sectors.

On April 22, 1992, numerous gasoline explosions in the sewer system over four hours destroyed 8 kilometers of streets in the downtown district of Analco. Gante Street was the most damaged. Officially, 206 people were killed, nearly 500 injured and 15,000 were left homeless. The estimated monetary damage ranges between $300 million and $1 billion. The affected areas can be recognized by the more modern architecture in the areas that were destroyed.

Three days before the explosion, residents started complaining of a strong gasoline-like smell coming from the sewers. City workers were dispatched to check the sewers and found dangerously high levels of gasoline fumes. However, no evacuations were ordered. An investigation into the disaster found that there were two precipitating causes. The first was new water pipes that were built too close to an existing gasoline pipeline. Chemical reactions between the pipes caused erosion. The second was a flaw in the sewer design that did not allow accumulated gases to escape.

Numerous arrests were made in an attempt to indict those responsible for the blasts. Four PEMEX (the state oil company) officials were indicted and charged, on the basis of negligence. Ultimately, however, these people were cleared of all charges. Calls for the restructuring of PEMEX were made but they were successfully resisted.

On May 24, 1993, Archbishop Juan Jesús Posadas Ocampo, along with six other people, was assassinated on the parking lot of Guadalajara International Airport. He was inside his car and received 14 gunshot wounds. A government inquiry concluded he was caught in a shootout between rival cocaine cartels and was mistakenly identified as a drug lord, but no one was ever imprisoned for the slaying. Juan Francisco Murillo Díaz "El Güero Jaibo" and Édgar Nicolás Villegas "El Negro", members of the Tijuana Cartel, were identified as the masterminds of the homicide.

The city has hosted several important international events, such as the first Cumbre Iberoamericana in 1991, the Third Summit of Heads of State and Governments from Latin America, the Caribbean and the European Union in 2004, the Encuentro Internacional de Promotores y Gestores Culturales in 2005, and will be the host city of the 2011 Pan American Games. It was also named the American Capital of Culture in 2005, Ciudad Educadora (Educator City) in 2006 and the first Smart City in Mexico due to its use of technology in development.

In its 2007 survey entitled "Cities of the Future", FDi magazine ranked Guadalajara highest among major Mexican cities, and designated Guadalajara as having the second strongest economic potential of any major North American city behind Chicago. FDI Magazine also ranked the city as the most business-friendly Latin American city in 2007.

Historic Downtown

The historic downtown of Guadalajara is the oldest section of the city, where it was founded and where the oldest buildings are located. It centers on Paseo Morelos/Paseo Hospicio from the Plaza de Armas, where the seats of ecclesiastical and secular power are, east toward the Plaza de Mariachis and the Hospicio Cabañas. The Plaza de Armas is a rectangular plaza with gardens, ironwork benches and an ironwork kiosk which was made in Paris in the 19th century.

Within Guadalajara's historic downtown, there is a large number of beautiful Squares and Public Parks that are worth the visit. Here is a complete list: Parque Morelos, Plaza de Armas, Plaza de la Liberacion, Plaza de los Mariachis, Plaza Fundadores, Plaza Guadalajara, Plaza Tapatia, Rotonda de los Jalicienses Ilustres, Plaza del Agave, Parque Revolucion, Jardin del Santuario.

The Metropolitan Cathedral began construction in 1558 and was consecrated in 1616. Its two towers were built in the 19th century after an earthquake destroyed the originals. They are considered one of the city's symbols. The architecture is a mix of Gothic, Baroque, Moorish and Neoclassical. The interior has three naves and eleven side altars, covered by a roof supported by thirty Doric columns. and contributes 37% to the state of Jalisco's total gross production. Its economic base is strong and well diversified, mainly based on commerce and services, although the manufacturing sector plays a defining role. It is also ranked in the top ten in Latin America in terms of gross domestic product and the highest ranking in Mexico. In its 2007 survey entitled "Cities of the Future", FDi magazine ranked Guadalajara highest among major Mexican cities, and designated Guadalajara as having the second strongest economic potential of any major North American city behind Chicago. FDI Magazine also ranked the city as the most business-friendly Latin American city in 2007.

Most of Guadalajara's economic growth since 1990 has been tied with foreign investment. International firms have invested here to take advantage of the relatively cheap labor, establishing manufacturing plants which re-export their products to the United States, as well as provide goods for the internal Mexican market. Exports from the city went from 3.92 billion USD in 1995 to 14.3 billion in 2003. From 1990 to 2000, socio-economic indicators show that quality of life improved overall; however, there is still a large gap between the rich and the poor, and the rich have benefited from the globalization and privatization of the economy more than the poor. International investment has not only affected the labor market in the Guadalajara metro area but also that of the rural towns and villages that surround it. Guadalajara is the distribution center for the region and its demands as such have led to a shifting of employment from traditional agriculture and crafts to manufacturing and commerce in urban centers. This has led to mass migration from the rural areas to the metropolitan area. Sixty percent of manufactured products are sold domestically, while forty percent are exported, mostly to the United States. This makes Guadalajara's economic fortunes dependent upon those of the U.S., both as a source of investment money and as a market for its goods. computer factory located in Guadalajara]]

However, it is the electronics and information technology sectors here that have given the city the nickname of the "Silicon Valley of Mexico." The city also has to compete with China, especially for electronics industries which rely on high-volume and low wages. This has caused the city to move toward high-mix, mid-volume and value-added services, such as automotives. However, its traditional advantage of proximity to the U.S. market is one reason Guadalajara stays competitive. Most of the economy revolves around commerce, employing 60% of the population. Also Best Buy opened its first Guadalajara store here. It's on the third floor and has its own additional private entrance on the top floor of the adjacent parking lot. Another Best Buy will open shortly in Ciudadela Lifestyle Center (Moctezuma and Patria), which will be the chain's third largest in the world, according to company publicity.

Also there is Andares which is a shopping mall located in Zapopan. This outdoor and indoor shopping center is Guadalajara's most exclusive shopping mall and is set in Puerta de hierro which is the most exclusive neighborhood in the city. It was opened on November 19, 2008 in a blaze of consumer frenzy that has affected the city in recent years. The 530 million dollar complex features luxurious world class residencies designed by famous Mexican architect Sordo Madaleno, a luxury Ritz-Carlton hotel and the shopping center complex which features elegant corridors, outdoor restaurants and cafes, anchored by upscale department stores as Liverpool (store) and El Palacio de Hierro in where brands such as Louis Vuitton, Prada, Valentino, Gucci, Oscar de la Renta, Dolce & Gabbana, Chanel, Fendi, Dior, Burberry, Ralph Lauren and most of the high-end fashion boutiques have a "corner shop" available, the corridors and indoor mall features dozens of upmarket clothing stores, including Thomas Pink, BCBG Max Azria, Stuart Weitzman, Façonnable, Marc Jacobs, DKNY, Hugo Boss, Salvatore Ferragamo, Max Mara, Ermenegildo Zegna, Lacoste, Swarovski, Diesel, Pal Zileri etc.

A large segment of the commercial sector caters to tourists and other visitors. Recreational tourism is concentrated in the historic center of the city. Urbanization centered on the city spreads out over seven other municipalities; of Zapopan, Tlaquepaque, Tonalá, Tlajomulco de Zuñiga, El Salto, Ixtlahuacán de los Membrillos and Juanacatlán. The entity underwent a number of reorganizations since then, but the modern university as it exists today was established in 1925, when the governor of Jalisco convened professors, students and others to re-establish the university. These precepts were organized into a law called the "Ley Organica."

Guadalajara is also home to ITESO, a Jesuit university, and has campuses of several private schools such as a campus of the Universidad del Valle de México, Tec de Monterrey, Universidad Panamericana Sede Guadalajara, Universidad Marista de Guadalajara,Universidad Guadalajara LAMAR, as well as the Universidad Autónoma de Guadalajara (UAG), which was founded in 1935 and is the oldest private university in Mexico., and Universidad del Valle de Atemajac (UNIVA) which is a young private university committed to building a strong international student educational program that supports its mission of providing an alternative to state-sponsored higher education. In addition, the city hosts The American School Foundation of Guadalajara (ASFG). ASFG has 1420 students in pre-school through twelfth grade; it is the only US-accredited school in Guadalajara.

Climate

Under the Köppen climate classification, Guadalajara has a humid subtropical climate (Cwa), featuring dry and cool winters and warm and wet summers. Guadalajara's climate is influenced by its high altitude and the general seasonality of precipitation patterns in western North America. Although the temperature is mild year-round, Guadalajara has very strong seasonal variation in precipitation. The northward movement of the Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone brings a great deal of rain, whereas for the rest of the year, the climate is very arid. The extra moisture in the wet months moderates the temperatures, resulting in cooler days and warmer nights during this period. The highest temperatures are usually reached in May averaging 32°C, before the onset of the wet season. March tends to be the driest month and July the wettest, with an average of of rain, over a quarter of the annual average of about Winters are cold, with temperatures reaching 0°C, although sometimes temperatures can reach even -10°C.

Transportation

Guadalajara is well connected by modern highways to Mexico City, to the Northwest and to the major beach resorts of Manzanillo, Mazatlán and Puerto Vallarta. The main highways are Highway 15, which connects the city northwest to Nogales, Sonora, via Tepic, Nayarit and east Mexico City via Morelia. Highway 80D leads northwest towards Aguascalientes, and Highway 54D leads south to the coast via Colima. The city is served by the Don Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla International Airport, also known as Guadalajara International Airport (ICAO code: MMGL) opened in 1966. It is located 16 kilometers south of downtown Guadalajara, and it was built on the Tlajomulco de Zuñiga city, way down to Chapala. This airport is the third most active of the country (after Mexico City and Cancún) with direct flights to many Mexican and American cities. It also has a lively and distinctive network of car-free streets.

Within the city itself, there are various forms of public transportation. The Guadalajara rail system, named SITEUR (Sistema de Tren Eléctrico Urbano), Spanish for Urban Electrical Train System, provides light rail service within Guadalajara and the neighboring municipalities of Zapopan and Tlaquepaque. It consists of two lines: line 1, running from north to south, with 19 stations, and line 2, running from downtown to the east, with 10 stations. The trains are electric and have a top speed of 70 km/h (43 mph). Currently there are 48 articulated cars in service, built in Mexico by Concarril/Bombardier. There is a plan for Line 3 going from north-central Ávila Camacho station to Tesistán as well as plans to extend Line 2 from Tetlán to Tonalá. The Guadalajara Macrobus is a public transportation system based on the concept of Bus Rapid Transit, where buses run in lanes specifically for them and have stations for boarding. Phase I of the Macrobús project opened in 2009 as a line 16-km line following Calzada Independencia and serving 27 stations. The city also has a trolleybus system, which has been operating since the 1970s, and there are several private companies operating regular city buses.

Culture

auditorium.]] Guadalajara is the cultural center of western Mexico and the second most important cultural center in the country. Cultural tourism is one of the most important economic activities, especially in the historic center. The Hospicio Cabañas in the historic center is a World Heritage Site. For these attributes and others, the city was named an American Capital of Culture in 2005.

This city has been the cradle and dwelling of distinguished poets, writers, painters, actors, film directors and representatives of the arts, etc., such as : José Clemente Orozco, Dr. Atl, Roberto Montenegro, Alejandro Zohn, Luis Barragán, Carlos Orozco Romero, Federico Fabregat, Raul Anguiano, Juan Soriano, Javier Campos Cabello, Martha Pacheco, Alejandro Colunga, José Fors, Juan Kraeppellin, Davis Birks, Carlos Vargas Pons, Jis, Trino, Erandini, Enrique Oroz, Rubén Méndez, Mauricio Toussaint, Scott Neri, Paula Santiago, Edgar Cobian, L.Felipe Manzano, and (the artist formerly known as Mevna); The freeplay guitarist and music composer for the movies El Mariachi and The Legend of Zorro, Paco Renteria; important exponents of Literature such as: Juan Rulfo, Francisco Rojas, Agustín Yáñez, Elías Nandino, Idella Purnell, Jorge Souza, among others; classic repertoire composers like Gonzalo Curiel, José Pablo Moncayo, Antonio Navarro, Ricardo Zohn, Carlos Sánchez-Gutiérrez and Gabriel Pareyon; film directors like Felipe Cazals, Jaime Humberto Hermosillo, Erik Stahl, Guillermo del Toro and actors like Katy Jurado, Enrique Alvarez Felix and actual exponents like Gael García Bernal.

The cuisine is a mix of pre-Hispanic and Spanish influences, like the rest of Mexico, but dishes here have their own flavors and are made with their own techniques. One of the main distinguishing dishes is birria. This is goat or lamb meat cooked in a spicy sauce seasoned with chili peppers, ginger, cumin, black pepper, oregano and cloves. The traditional way of preparing birria is to pit roast the meat and spices wrapped in maguey leaves. It is served in bowls along with minced onion, limes and tortillas.

Another dish that is strongly associated with Guadalajara is tortas ahogadas, literally "drowned tortas (sub sandwiches)." This sandwich is an oblong "bolillo" bun (made denser in Guadalajara than in the rest of the country) filled with pork and other ingredients. Then the sandwich is covered in a red tomato/chili pepper sauce. Other dishes that are popular here include pozole, a soup prepared with hominy, chicken or pork and various condiments and pipián, which is a sauce prepared with peanuts, squash and sesame seed. The city hosts the Feria Internacional Gastronomía (Internation Gastronomy Fair) each year in September showcasing both Mexican and international cuisines. A large number of restaurants, bars, bakeries and cafés participate as well as producers of beer, wine and tequila. Guadalajara hosts the Festival of Mariachi and Charreria, which began in 1994. It attracts personages in the fields of art, culture and politics from both Mexico and abroad. Regularly the best mariachis in Mexico participate, such as Mariachi Vargas, Mariachi de América and Mariachi los Camperos de Naty Cano. Mariachi bands from all over the world participate, coming from countries such as Venezuela, Cuba, Belgium, Chile, France, Australia, Slovak Republic, Canada and the United States. The events of this festival take place in a number of venues all over the metropolitan area. and includes a parade with floats. In the historic center of the city is the Plaza de los Mariachis, named such as many groups play here. The plaza is being renovated for the 2011 Pan American Games in anticipation of the crowds that will visit the city. Over 750 mariachi musicians play traditional melodies on the plaza, and along with the restaurants and other businesses, the plaza supports more than 830 families. A recent innovation has been the fusion of mariachi melodies and instruments with rock and roll performed by rock musicians in the Guadalajara area. An album collecting a number of these melodies was produced called "Mariachi Rock-O." There are plans to take these bands on tour in Mexico, the United States and Europe.

In addition to mariachi, the city is home to a renowned symphony orchestra. The Orquesta Filarmónica de Jalisco (Philharmonic Orchestra of Jalisco) was founded by José Rolón in 1915. It held concerts from that time until 1924, when state funding was lost. However, the musicians kept playing to keep the orchestra alive. This eventually caught the attention of authorities and funding was restated in 1939. Private funding started in the 1940s and in 1950, an organization called Conciertos Guadalajara A. C. was formed to continue fundraising for the orchestra. In 1971, the orchestra became affiliated with the Department of Fine Arts of the State of Jalisco. The current name was adopted in 1988, as it became the orchestra for the state, not just the city of Guadalajara although it remains based here. International soloists such as Paul Badura-Skoda, Claudio Arrau, Jörg Demus, Henryck Szeryng, Nicanor Zabaleta, Plácido Domingo, Kurt Rydl and Alfred Brendel have performed with the organization. Today the orchestra is under the direction of Héctor Guzmán.

The city is also host to several dance and ballet companies such as the Chamber Ballet of Jalisco, the Folkloric Ballet of the University of Guadalajara, and University of Guadalajara Contemporary Ballet.

uses an inflatable screen for its open air cinemas]] Guadalajara is also known for several large cultural festivals. The International Film Festival of Guadalajara is a yearly event which happens in March. It mostly focuses on Mexican and Latin American films; however films from all over the world are shown. The event is sponsored by the Universidad de Guadalajara, CONACULTA, the Instituto Mexicano de Cinematographía as well as the governments of the cities of Guadalajara and Zapopan. The 2009 festival had over 200 films shown in more than 16 theatres and open-air forums, such as the inflatable screens set up in places such as Chapultepec, La Rambla Cataluña and La Minerva. In that year, the event gave out awards totaling 500,000 USD. The event attracts names such as Mexican actor Guillermo del Toro, Greek director Constantin Costa-Gavras, Spanish actor Antonio Banderas and U.S. actor Edward James Olmos.

The Guadalajara International Book Fair is the largest Spanish language book fair in the world held each year over nine days at the Expo Guadalajara. Over 300 publishing firms from 35 different countries regularly attend, demonstrating the most recent productions in books, videos and new communications technologies. The event awards prizes such as the Premio FIL for literature, the Premio de Literatura Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz, also for literature, and the Reconocimento al Mérito Editorial for publishing houses. There is an extensive exposition of books and other materials in Spanish, Portuguese and English, covering academia, culture, the arts and more for sale. More than 350,000 people attend from Mexico and abroad. Activities include book presentations, academic talks, forums, and events for children.

Sports

]] Guadalajara is home to three professional football teams; Guadalajara also known as Chivas, Atlas and Estudiantes. Guadalajara is one of the two most followed teams in the country, along with rival América. In the latest IFFHS's club rankings, Guadalajara ranks fifth among CONCACAF teams and one hundred eighth overall. Atlas also plays in the Primera División de México, due to their fine football game style of playing, they're known in the country as 'The Academy', hence they've provided Mexico's Finest Football Players, among them: Rafael Márquez, Oswaldo Sánchez, Pavel Pardo, Andrés Guardado and Mexico national Team's Top Scorer Jared Borgetti. Atlas, also won several Championships on Amateur Tournaments, and first Football Championship of a Guadalajara Team back in 1951. Atlas fans are collectively called (the faithful)by themselves; younger followers are gathered as "Barra 51" ; La Barra 51 is a strong organized supporter group. His name recalls Atlas' the year of first championship in the Primera División de México in 1951.Estudiantes is associated with the Universidad Autónoma de Guadalajara AC. It currently plays in the Primera División, with home games in the Estadio 3 de Marzo (March 3 Stadium, for the University's 1935 date of founding). They've won also a single Championship back in 1994 as they defeated Santos.

Charreada, the Mexican form of rodeo and closely tied to mariachi music, is popular here. Since winning the bid to host the Games, the city has been undergoing extensive renovations. The games expect more than 5,000 athletes from approximately 42 countries from the Americas and the Caribbean. Sports include aquatics, football, racquetball and 27 more, with six others being considered. COPAG (the Organizing Committee for the Pan American Games Guadalajara 2011) has a total budget of $250 million USD with the aim of updating the city's sports and general infrastructure. The center of the city is repaving and creating streets as well as constructing new hotels for the approximately 22,000 rooms that will be needed by 2011. The new bus rapid transit (BRT) system, Macrobús, was launched in March and runs along Avenida Independencia. The Pan-American village will be built around Morelos Park, consisting of twelve new buildings. After the Games, the buildings will be used for housing. There are already 13 existing venues in Guadalajara that the games will use, including the Jalisco Stadium, UAG 3 de Marzo Stadium, and the UAG Gymnasium. Eleven new sporting facilities are being created for the event. Other works include a second terminal in the airport, a highway to Puerto Vallarta and a bypass for the southern part of the city.

Lorena Ochoa, retired and former #1 female golf player was born also in Guadalajara City.

Sister cities

Pop culture

André Breton visited Guadalajara in 1938; He stated after getting lost in Mexico City (as no one was waiting for him at the airport) "I don't know why I came here. Mexico is the most surrealist country in the world".

In the movie Fun in Acapulco starring Elvis Presley, he makes a very amusing and well choreographed musical of the song "Guadalajara".

Desi Arnaz recorded the song "Guadalajara". Desi also sang it in the I Love Lucy episode "The Girls Want to Go to a Nightclub".

Guadalajara is the birth-place of Mexican actor Gael García Bernal.

Guadalajara is the birth-place of Mexican movie director Guillermo Del Toro.

Singer Alejandro Fernández is from Guadalajara.

In Kirsty MacColl's song "In These Shoes", the city is mentioned.

In the show Family Guy while in a bank robbery, Peter Griffin asks the hostages to name a location for a game of improv and an old lady replies "Guadalajara, Mexico"

In the television series, Ugly Betty, Betty on her first day of working wears a poncho that says Guadalajara.

The city is jokingly referred to in Jurassic Park III.

In the song "My Old School" by Steely Dan, Guadalajara is mentioned in the lyrics. The lyrics go: "Oh no, Guadalajara won't do / Well I did not think the girl could be so cruel / And I'm never going back to my old school."

Guadalajara was a small part of the filming spot of the record-breaking audience soap opera, Destilando Amor.

In Two and a Half Men, Guadalajara is regularly mentioned as being the place where Alan Harper wanted to study chiropratic medicine.

Guadalajara is also the ending of "Albert Speer's" famous imaginery journey he under took whilst a prisoner in Spandau for war crimes.

In the worldwide popular game Street Fighter 2, T. Hawk's stage is The Cabañas Orphanage (Hospicio Cabañas).

In the fifteenth episode of the sixth season of That '70s Show, called "Who are you" Jackie says that her mom went to a bar called "La Cucaracha" in Guadalajara. "La Cucaracha" is a real bar close to Plaza del Sol in Guadalajara.

Las Tontas No Van al Cielo, a famous soap opera was filmed in Guadalajara.

Nine Inch Nails video "We’re In This Together" was filmed on location in Guadalajara, Mexico

Guadalajara is the birthplace of the famous electro-pop band, Belanova.

The movie Beverly Hills Chihuahua contains several scenes in the historical center in Guadalajara.

In the Nickelodeon show iCarly, in the episode iReunite with Missy, when Sam hears that someone knocked the door she yells to Carly "If it's Freddie's mom tell her I moved to Guadalajara."

The famous Rock en Español band Maná originated in Guadalajara. They originally went by the name Sombrero Verde.

Miss Universe 2010, Ximena Navarrete, is from Guadalajara.

Mexico and Manchester United soccer player Javier Hernández Balcázar is from Guadalajara

In the video game Team Fortress 2 the pyro wears a sombrero called 'Old Guadalajara'.

See also

Panteón de Belén

Hospicio Cabañas - an UNESCO World Heritage Site in Guadalajara

Puerta de Hierro - exclusive zone in Guadalajara

EU-Latin America summit of 2004 protest activity

References

External links

from San Pedro Tlaquepaque, to the Palacio de Gobierno (Government Palace), Metropolitan Cathedral, Rotonda de los Hombres Ilustres, the Orosco murals...

H. Ayuntamiento de Guadalajara

Guadalajara's Directory

Vivir Guadalajara, City's metroblog

* * Category:Mexican state capitals Category:Populated places established in 1542

Name	Último Guerrero
Names	Cóndor Dorado El Flanagan
Birth date	March 01, 1972
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Name	Ultimo Guerrero
Date of birth	March 1, 1972
Place of birth	Gómez Palacio, Durango

Category:1972 births Category:Living people Category:Mexican professional wrestlers Category:People from Durango