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Name | Lute |
---|---|
Image capt | A renaissance-era lute |
Background | strings |
Hornbostel sachs | 321.321-5 |
Hornbostel sachs desc | Composite chordophone sounded by the bare fingers |
Developed | Classical antiquity (early lutes) |
The European lute and the modern Near-Eastern oud both descend from a common ancestor via diverging evolutionary paths. The lute is used in a great variety of instrumental music from the early Renaissance to the late Baroque eras. It is also an accompanying instrument, especially in vocal works, often realizing a basso continuo or playing a written-out accompaniment.
The player of a lute is called a lutenist, lutanist, or lutist, and a maker of lutes (or any string instrument) is referred to as a luthier.
==External links==
Category:Composite chordophones Category:Necked bowl lutes Category:Lutes Category:Early musical instruments Category:Baroque instruments Category:Arabic words and phrases
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He has written the standard modern textbook on continuo playing on the lute and related instruments: (review)
The following textbook is in preparation:
From 1974 to 1990 Nigel North played in baroque operas, baroque orchestras and chamber groups and accompanied singers in concerts, participating in over 100 recordings. Notable groups and people with whom he has worked:
With Andrew Manze (violin) and John Toll (harpsichord) he formed the ensemble Romanesca in 1988; they played together for the next 10 years.
His solo lute debut was a Bach programme at the Wigmore Hall in 1977; in 1985 he performed all of Bach's lute works for the first time in London. Numerous recitals and recordings followed and from 1984 to 2001 he toured worldwide.
He has made transcriptions for lute of Bach's solo violin works and solo cello suites, which he has performed at the Wigmore Hall and recorded on a 4 CD set, Bach on the Lute (1994–1998). He has published an edition of these transcriptions for lute tablature, classical guitar and staff notation.
Other notable recordings include the complete lute works of John Dowland (4 CDs on Naxos Records), and a series of CDs of music by 17th-century French lutenists.
Category:English classical guitarists Category:Living people Category:1954 births Category:British performers of early music Category:English lutenists
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Names | John Williams |
---|---|
Background | non_performing_personnel |
Birth name | John Towner Williams |
Born | February 08, 1932 |
Origin | Flushing, Queens, New York, United States |
Occupation | Composer, pianist, conductor |
Years active | 1952–present |
Spouse | Barbara Ruick (1956 - 74)(her death)Samantha Winslow (1980 - present) |
Url | jwfan.com |
Other notable works by Williams include theme music for four Olympic Games, the NBC Nightly News, the rededication of the Statue of Liberty, the DreamWorks Pictures production logo, and the television series Lost in Space. Williams has also composed numerous classical concerti, and he served as the principal conductor of the Boston Pops Orchestra from 1980 to 1993; he is now the orchestra's conductor laureate.
Williams has won five Academy Awards, four Golden Globe Awards, seven BAFTA Awards, and 21 Grammy Awards. During this time, Williams worked as a jazz pianist in New York's many clubs and eventually studios, most notably for composer Henry Mancini. His fellow session musicians included Rolly Bundock on bass, Jack Sperling on drums, and Bob Bain on guitar—the same lineup featured on the Mr. Lucky television series. Williams was known as "Little Johnny Love" Williams during the early 1960s, and he served as music arranger and bandleader for a series of popular music albums with the singer Frankie Laine.
Williams was married to actress Barbara Ruick from 1956 until her death on March 3, 1974. The Williamses had three children: Jennifer (born 1956), Mark (born 1958), and Joseph (born 1960). Williams' younger son is one of the various lead singers the band "Toto" has had over the decades. John Williams married his second wife, Samantha Winslow, on July 21, 1980.
John Williams is an honorary member of Kappa Kappa Psi, the national fraternity for college band members.
In April 2004, February 2006, and September 2007, he conducted the New York Philharmonic at Avery Fisher Hall in New York City. The initial program was intended to be a one-time special event, and featured Williams's medley of Oscar-winning film scores first performed at the previous year's Academy Awards. Its unprecedented popularity led to two concerts in 2006: fundraising gala events featuring personal recollections by film directors Martin Scorsese and Steven Spielberg. Continuing demand fueled three more concerts in 2007, which all sold out. These featured a tribute to the musicals of film director Stanley Donen, and had the distinction of serving as the opening event of the New York Philharmonic season. 1950s
1960s
1970s
1980s
1990s
2000s
2010s
Williams has composed music for four Olympic Games:
Williams has received three Emmy Awards and five nominations, seven BAFTAs, twenty-one Grammy Awards, and has been inducted into the American Classical Music Hall of Fame and the Hollywood Bowl Hall of Fame. In 2004 he received a Kennedy Center Honor. He won a Classical Brit award in 2005 for his soundtrack work of the previous year.
Notably, Williams has won the Grammy Award for Best Instrumental Composition for his scores for Star Wars, Close Encounters of the Third Kind, Superman, The Empire Strikes Back, E.T. The Extraterrestrial, Angela'a Ashes (1999), Munich (2005), and Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull. The competition includes not only composers of film scores, but also composers of instrumental music of any genre, including composers of legitimate classical fare such as symphonies and chamber music.
Williams's richly thematic and highly popular 1977 score to was selected in 2005 by the American Film Institute as the greatest American movie score of all time. His scores for Jaws and E.T. also appeared on the list, at #6 and #14, respectively.
In 2003, the International Olympic Committee accorded Mr. Williams its highest individual honor, the Olympic Order.
In 2010 Williams received the National Medal of Arts in the White House in Washington for his achievements in symphonic music for motion pictures, and "as a pre-eminent composer and conductor [whose] scores have defined and inspired modern movie-going for decades."
|- | 1962 | Checkmate | Best Soundtrack Album or Recording or Score from Motion Picture or Television | |- | 1975 | Jaws | Best Album of Original Score Written for a Motion Picture | |- | rowspan=3 | 1977 | | Best Pop Instrumental Performance | |- | "Main Title" from Star Wars | Best Instrumental Composition | |- | Star Wars | Best Album of Original Score Written for a Motion Picture | |- | rowspan=2 | 1978 | "Theme" from Close Encounters of the Third Kind | Best Instrumental Composition | |- | Close Encounters of the Third Kind | Best Album of Original Score Written for a Motion Picture | |- | rowspan=2 | 1979 | "Main Title Theme from Superman" | Best Instrumental Composition | |- | Superman | Best Album of Original Score Written for a Motion Picture | |- | rowspan=2 | 1980 | | Best Instrumental Composition | |- | Star Wars Episode V: The Empire Strikes Back | Best Album of Original Score Written for a Motion Picture | |- | 1981 | Raiders of the Lost Ark | Best Album of Original Score Written for a Motion Picture | |- | rowspan=3 | 1982 | "Flying" (Theme from E.T.) | Best Instrumental Composition | |- | E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial | Best Album of Original Score Written for a Motion Picture | |- | "Flying" (Theme from E.T.) | Best Arrangement on an Instrumental Recording | |- | rowspan=2 | 1984 | Olympic Fanfare and Theme | Best Instrumental Composition | |- | | Best Instrumental Composition Written for a Motion Picture or for Television | |- | 1988 | The Witches of Eastwick | Best Instrumental Composition Written for a Motion Picture or for Television | |- | 1989 | Empire of the Sun | Best Instrumental Composition Written for a Motion Picture or for Television | |- | 1990 | Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade | Best Instrumental Composition Written for a Motion Picture or for Television | |- | 1992 | "Somewhere in My Memory" (with Leslie Bricusse) from Home Alone | Best Song Written Specifically for a Motion Picture or for Television | |- | rowspan=2 | 1993 | Schindler's List | Instrumental Composition for a Motion Picture or Television | |- | Hook | Best Instrumental Composition Written for a Motion Picture or for Television | |- | 1994 | Jurassic Park | Best Instrumental Composition Written for a Motion Picture or for Television | |- | 1997 | "Moonlight" (with Alan Bergman and Marilyn Bergman) from Sabrina | Best Song Written Specifically for a Motion Picture or for Television | |- | rowspan=2 | 1998 | Seven Years in Tibet | Best Instrumental Composition Written for a Motion Picture or for Television | |- | | Best Instrumental Composition Written for a Motion Picture or for Television | |- | rowspan=2 | 1999 | Saving Private Ryan | Best Instrumental Composition Written for a Motion Picture or for Television | |- | Amistad | Best Instrumental Composition Written for a Motion Picture or for Television | |- | rowspan=2 | 2000 | "Theme" from Angela's Ashes | Best Instrumental Composition | |- | | Best Score Soundtrack Album for Motion Picture, Television or Other Visual Media | |- | 2002 | | Best Score Soundtrack Album for Motion Picture, Television or Other Visual Media | |- | 2003 | Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone | Best Score Soundtrack Album for Motion Picture, Television or Other Visual Media | |- | rowspan=2 | 2004 | Catch Me If You Can | Best Score Soundtrack Album for Motion Picture, Television or Other Visual Media | |- | Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets | Best Score Soundtrack Album for Motion Picture, Television or Other Visual Media | |- | 2005 | Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban | Best Score Soundtrack Album for Motion Picture, Television or Other Visual Media | |- | 2006 | | Best Score Soundtrack Album for Motion Picture, Television or Other Visual Media | |- | rowspan=3 | 2007 | Memoirs of a Geisha | Best Score Soundtrack Album for Motion Picture, Television or Other Visual Media | |- | Munich | Best Score Soundtrack Album for Motion Picture, Television or Other Visual Media | |- | "A Prayer For Peace" (Theme from Munich) | Best Instrumental Composition | |- | rowspan=2 | 2009 | "The Adventures of Mutt" from Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull | Best Instrumental Composition | |- | Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull | Best Score Soundtrack Album for Motion Picture, Television or Other Visual Media |
Category:1932 births Category:People from Queens Category:20th-century classical composers Category:21st-century classical composers Category:American film score composers Category:American music arrangers Category:Best Original Music Score Academy Award winners Category:BRIT Award winners Category:Grammy Award winners Category:Harry Potter music Category:Honorary Members of the Royal Academy of Music Category:Juilliard School of Music alumni Category:Kennedy Center honorees Category:Living people Category:Songwriters Hall of Fame inductees Category:United States Air Force personnel Category:University of California, Los Angeles alumni
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He worked with such ensembles as Hesperion, L'Arpeggiata, Hilliard Ensemble, Mala Punica, Orpheus Chamber Orchestra and singers Andreas Scholl, Maria-Cristina Kiehr, Arianna Savall, and Sting. Karamazov's solo archlute recording features Benjamin Britten's "Nocturnal" and J.S.Bach's Partita in d-minor (orig. for violin).
Recent collaborations with Sting (in the field of 16th century music) resulted in the album and film Songs from the Labyrinth, devoted to the lute-songs of John Dowland.
Karamazov's 2008 solo CD project on DECCA "The Lute is a Song" includes guest appearances of Sting, Renée Fleming and Macedonian singer and songwriter Kaliopi.
Category:1965 births Category:Living people Category:Lutenists Category:Bosnia and Herzegovina musicians Category:Bosnia and Herzegovina classical guitarists Category:People from Zenica
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Name | Lute Olson |
---|---|
Sport | Basketball |
Caption | Olson after a win at Stanford in 2007. |
Dateofbirth | September 22, 1934 |
Birthplace | Mayville, North Dakota, USA |
College | Arizona |
Title | Retired |
Championships | NCAA Division I Tournament Championship (1997)Regional Championships - Final Four (1980, 1988, 1994, 1997, 2001)Pac-10 Tournament Championship (1988, 1989, 1990, 2002)Pac-10 Regular Season Championship (1986, 1988, 1989, 1990, 1991, 1993, 1994, 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005)Big Ten Regular Season Championship (1979)Big West Regular Season Championship (1974) |
Awards | National Coach of the Year (1988, 1990)CBS-TV Coach of the Year (1989)Pac-10 Coach of the Year (1986, 1988, 1989, 1993, 1994, 1998, 2003)Big Ten Coach of the Year (1979, 1981) |
Overallrecord | 781–280 (.736) |
Player | * |
Years | 1953–1956 |
Team | Augsburg |
Coach | * |
Coachyears | 1956–19571957–19611962–19631963–19641964–19691969–19731973–19741974–19831983–2008 |
Coachteams | Mahnomen HSTwo Harbors HSWestern HS (asst.)Loara HSMarina HSLong Beach CCLong Beach StateIowaArizona |
Bballhof | 2002 |
Robert Luther "Lute" Olson (born September 22, 1934) is a retired American men's basketball coach, having been the head coach at the University of Arizona for 25 years, the University of Iowa for 9 years, and California State University, Long Beach for one season. Olson was known for player development, and many of his former players have gone on to impressive careers in the NBA after playing under him. On October 23, 2008 he announced his retirement from coaching at the University of Arizona. On December 18, Arizona announced that Olson planned to return for the 2008-09 season, and also named O'Neill as Olson's designated successor upon his retirement.
Kevin O'Neill publicly stated that he was still relying on a promise to be Lute Olson's successor, and that he would return to UA to be an assistant for the 2008–09 season. However, during an April 2008 press conference in which he appeared visibly annoyed and defensive with reporters, Olson announced that O'Neill would never coach at the University of Arizona again. This marked the second time in a year that Olson had reneged on a promise to promote an assistant coach, following his dismissal of Jim Rosborough. O'Neill later accepted an assistant coaching position with the Memphis Grizzlies of the NBA, and is presently the head coach at USC. Livengood also said assistant and former Wildcat guard Miles Simon (a key player on Olson's 1997 national championship team) would no longer coach.
On October 28, 2008, five days after Olson announced his retirement, a press conference was held in Tucson by Olson's personal physician, Steven D. Knope, MD, alongside Olson's daughters and grandson, who showed signs of emotion at times; Olson himself was not in attendance. It was announced by Knope, who in March had cleared Olson medically to return to coaching after his leave of absence, that the coach had an "initially undiagnosed" stroke earlier in the year (confirmed by an MRI scan taken on October 27) which had caused severe depression and impaired judgment. Olson had also apparently suffered from atrial fibrillation for several years, which could have produced a blood clot resulting in the stroke. Knope became concerned about "changes in (Olson's) behavior and trouble handling his increasing workload" and advised Olson to retire as a result:
:: "I believe some of those personality changes were out of character," Knope said. "I had very little contact with him this summer. I saw his (April 1) press conference and noticed that he was a little out of character...What I'm truly hoping for now is that the team and community rally around this now that they understand...I hope everyone remembers what he's done for the community."
Knope said that Olson was "devastated" upon being informed of the MRI results and remained at home in Tucson; Olson has so far declined to comment publicly on his condition. Knope further clarified his position for the Arizona Daily Star a few days later:
:: "During his initial bout of depression in November 2007, Olson responded appropriately to medications. He had a complete recovery from his depression. He had no unusual behavior at that time and there was no indication for an MRI. The results of an MRI performed at that time would likely have been normal. Depression is a very common illness...Doctors do not and should not order MRIs in the majority of depressed people...During Olson's more recent depression, which began approximately six weeks ago, Olson did not respond to therapy. This was a change. The medications were no longer effective. In addition, there were behaviors in recent months which, in retrospect, were uncharacteristic of the man. These were the clues that suggested he may have a rare frontal lobe syndrome, in which behavioral changes, judgmental errors and difficulty with complex tasks became prominent. These symptoms were the red flags that triggered the need for an MRI (which confirmed the stroke)".
Upon his retirement, accolades came in from several sources. Robert Shelton, University of Arizona president, said, "Lute Olson transformed the UA and Tucson into premier basketball country...Arizona now stands in the company of great college basketball programs, and we have Lute to thank for that. We will sorely miss his brilliance as our head coach, but we will benefit from the legacy he leaves for decades to come."
Kevin O'Neill, the man originally tapped to replace Olson as Arizona head coach, but who later left the Wildcat program, stated: "I have great respect for Lute Olson. He is one of the greatest college basketball coaches of all time...His legacy will (be) the standard at the University of Arizona for as long as they have basketball. I appreciate every opportunity he gave me."
"He's been involved in the game and been a great ambassador for college basketball for a long time," University of Florida head basketball coach Billy Donovan said. "There's no question he went through a difficult time and I don't know all that went on. He took over Arizona at rock bottom and built it into an incredible program...For him, maybe dealing with health issues and family issues, for whatever reason, it's not right for him to continue on. And I just hope he's at peace with where he's at in his decision."
Greg Hansen, columnist and longtime Olson critic for the Arizona Daily Star in Tucson, had this to say: "Until now, Lute Olson has been judged by games won and banners hung, but it is the passage of time that will be his greatest test. Ultimately, it won't matter that he didn't beat Purdue in the last game he ever coached, that his final recruiting class went bust or that he abandoned his school twice at the worst possible time. As the games fade away, the future will paint a flattering portrait of him...Across the last quarter-century, Olson made our city feel good about itself. He made us feel like winners. Who else has done that? He changed the way we looked at ourselves."
Category:1934 births Category:Living people Category:American basketball coaches Category:American basketball players Category:Arizona Wildcats men's basketball coaches Category:Basketball Hall of Fame inductees Category:Basketball players from North Dakota Category:College men's basketball head coaches in the United States Category:College men's basketball players in the United States Category:High school basketball coaches in the United States Category:Iowa Hawkeyes men's basketball coaches Category:American Lutherans Category:Long Beach State 49ers men's basketball coaches Category:National Collegiate Basketball Hall of Fame inductees Category:American sportspeople of Norwegian descent Category:People from Traill County, North Dakota Category:Augsburg College alumni
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Name | The Notorious B.I.G. |
---|---|
Background | solo_singer |
Birth name | Christopher George Latore Wallace |
Alias | Biggie Smalls, Biggie, Big, Big Poppa, B.I.G., Frank White |
Born | May 21, 1972New York City, New York, United States |
Died | March 09, 1997Los Angeles, California, United States |
Occupation | Rapper, songwriter |
Genre | Hip hop |
Years active | 1992–1997 |
Label | Bad Boy |
Associated acts | Lil' Kim, Sean Combs, Junior M.A.F.I.A., Total, 112, The Commission, Method Man, Jay-Z, |
Url |
On March 9, 1997, Wallace was killed by an unknown assailant in a drive-by shooting in Los Angeles. His double-disc set Life After Death, released 15 days later, hit #1 on the U.S. album charts and was certified Diamond in 2000 (one of the few hip hop albums to receive this certification). dark semi-autobiographical lyrics and storytelling abilities. Since his death, a further two albums have been released. MTV ranked him at #3 on their list of The Greatest MCs (Rappers) of All Time. His father left the family when Wallace was two years old, leaving his mother to work two jobs while raising him. At the Queen of All Saints Middle School, Wallace excelled in class, winning several awards as an English student. He was nicknamed "Big" because of his size before he turned 10. A year later, Wallace was arrested in North Carolina for dealing crack cocaine. He spent nine months behind bars until he made bail.
Wallace gained exposure later in the year on a remix to Mary J. Blige's single "Real Love", under the pseudonym The Notorious B.I.G., the name he would record under for the remainder of his career, after finding the original moniker "Biggie Smalls" was already in use. In July 1994, he appeared alongside LL Cool J and Busta Rhymes on a remix to label mate Craig Mack's "Flava in Ya Ear", reaching #9 on the Hot 100.
In his year of success, Wallace became involved in a rivalry between the East and West Coast hip-hop scenes with Tupac Shakur, his former associate. In an interview with Vibe magazine in April 1995, while serving time in Clinton Correctional Facility, Shakur accused Uptown Records' founder Andre Harrell, Sean Combs, and Wallace of having prior knowledge of a robbery that resulted in him being shot repeatedly and losing thousands of dollars worth of jewelry on the night of November 30, 1994. Though Wallace and his entourage were in the same Manhattan-based recording studio at the time of the occurrence, they denied the accusation.
Following release from prison, Shakur signed to Death Row Records on October 15, 1995. Bad Boy Records and Death Row, now business rivals, became involved in an intense quarrel. He pleaded guilty to second-degree harassment and was sentenced to 100 hours of community service. In mid-1996, he was arrested at his home in Teaneck, New Jersey, for drug and weapons possession charges.
In June 1996, Shakur released "Hit 'Em Up"; a in which he explicitly claimed to have had sex with Wallace's wife (at the time estranged), and that Wallace copied his style and image. Wallace referred to the first claim in regards to his wife's pregnancy on Jay-Z's "Brooklyn's Finest" where he raps: "If Faye (Faith Evans, his Wife at the time) have twins, she'd probably have two 'Pacs. Geddit? 2Pac's?" However he did not directly respond to the record during his lifetime, stating in a 1997 radio interview it is "not [his] style" to respond.
On October 29, 1996, Faith Evans gave birth to Wallace's son, Christopher "C.J." Wallace, Jr. The following month Junior M.A.F.I.A. member Lil' Kim released her debut album, Hard Core, under Wallace's direction while the two were involved in an apparent love affair. She was also pregnant with Wallace's child but decided to have an abortion.
In January 1997, Wallace was ordered to pay US$41,000 in damages following an incident involving a friend of a concert promoter who claimed Wallace and his entourage beat him up following a dispute in May 1995. Following the events of the previous year, Wallace spoke of a desire to focus on his "peace of mind". "My mom... my son... my daughter... my family... my friends are what matters to me now". After the ceremony, Wallace attended an after party hosted by Vibe magazine and Qwest Records at the Petersen Automotive Museum in Los Angeles. Other guests included Faith Evans, Aaliyah, Sean Combs, and members of the Bloods and Crips gangs.
On March 9, 1997, at around 12:30 a.m., Wallace left with his entourage in two GMC Suburbans to return to his hotel after the Fire Department closed the party early due to overcrowding.
By 12:45 a.m., the streets were crowded with people leaving the event. Wallace's truck stopped at a red light from the museum. A black Chevy Impala pulled up alongside Wallace's truck. The driver of the Impala, an African American male dressed in a blue suit and bow tie, rolled down his window, drew a 9 mm blue-steel pistol and fired at the GMC Suburban; four bullets hit Wallace in the chest. Wallace's entourage rushed him to Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, but he was pronounced dead at 1:15 a.m.
In 2002, Randall Sullivan released LAbyrinth, a book compiling information regarding the murders of Wallace and Shakur based on evidence provided by retired LAPD detective, Russell Poole. Sullivan accused Marion "Suge" Knight, co-founder of Death Row Records and an alleged Bloods affiliate, of conspiring with David Mack, an LAPD officer and alleged Death Row security employee, to kill Wallace and make Shakur and his death appear the result of a fictitious bi-coastal rap rivalry. Sullivan believed that one of Mack's associates, Amir Muhammad (also known as Harry Billups), was the hitman based on evidence provided by an informant, and due to his close resemblance to the facial composite. Filmmaker Nick Broomfield released an investigative documentary, Biggie & Tupac, based mainly on the evidence used in the book. The accuracy of the article was later refuted in a letter by the Assistant Managing Editor of the LA Times accusing Sullivan of using "shoddy tactics". Sullivan, in response, quoted the lead attorney of the Wallace estate calling the newspaper "a co-conspirator in the cover-up". In July 2005, the case was declared a mistrial after the judge showed concern that the police were withholding evidence. The criminal investigation was re-opened in July 2006. The third single, "Sky's The Limit", featuring the band 112, was noted for its use of children in the music video, directed by Spike Jonze, who were used to portray Wallace and his contemporaries, including Sean Combs, Lil' Kim, and Busta Rhymes. Wallace was named Artist of the Year and "Hypnotize" Single of the Year by Spin magazine in December 1997. The Source and Blender named Wallace the greatest rapper of all time.
Since his death, Wallace's lyrics have been sampled and quoted by a variety of hip hop, R&B; and pop artists including Jay-Z, 50 Cent, Alicia Keys, Fat Joe, Nelly, Ja Rule, Eminem, Lil Wayne, Game, Clinton Sparks, Michael Jackson and Usher. On August 28, 2005, at the 2005 MTV Video Music Awards, Sean Combs (then using the rap alias "P. Diddy") and Snoop Dogg paid tribute to Wallace: an orchestra played while the vocals from "Juicy" and "Warning" played on the arena speakers. He was often accompanied on songs with ad libs from Sean "Puffy" Combs. On The Source
Allmusic describe Wallace as having "a loose, easy flow" with "a talent for piling multiple rhymes on top of one another in quick succession". Time magazine wrote Wallace rapped with an ability to "make multi-syllabic rhymes sound... smooth", while Krims describes Wallace's rhythmic style as "effusive". Big Daddy Kane suggests that Wallace didn’t need a large vocabulary to impress listeners – “he just put his words together a slick way and it worked real good for him”. Rolling Stone named Wallace in 2004 as "one of the few young male songwriters in any pop style writing credible love songs".
Guerilla Black, in the book How to Rap, describes how Wallace was able to both “glorify the upper echelon” Marriott of the New York Times (in 1997) believed his lyrics were not strictly autobiographical and wrote he "had a knack for exaggeration that increased sales". Wallace described his debut as "a big pie, with each slice indicating a different point in my life involving bitches and niggaz... from the beginning to the end". Wallace described himself as feeling "broke and depressed" when he made his debut. Krims explains how upbeat, dance-oriented tracks (which featured less heavily on his debut) alternate with "reality rap" songs on the record and suggests that he was "going pimp" through some of the lyrical topics of the former. XXL magazine wrote that Wallace "revamped his image" through the portrayal of himself between the albums, going from "midlevel hustler" on his debut to "drug lord". In 1994, Rolling Stone described Wallace's ability in this technique as painting "a sonic picture so vibrant that you're transported right to the scene".
|- |rowspan="3"| 1998 || Life After Death || Best R&B;/Soul Album, Male || |- |rowspan="2"| "Mo Money Mo Problems" (with Mase and Puff Daddy) || Best R&B;/Soul Album || |- | Best R&B;/Soul or Rap Music Video ||
|- |rowspan="4"| 1995 || The Notorious B.I.G. || New Artist of the Year, Solo || |- | Ready to Die || Album of the Year || |- | The Notorious B.I.G. || Lyricist of the Year || |- | The Notorious B.I.G. || Live Performer of the Year ||
Category:1972 births Category:1997 deaths Category:1990s rappers Category:American drug traffickers Category:American murder victims Category:American rappers of Jamaican descent Big Category:Bad Boy Records artists Category:Deaths by firearm in California Category:Murdered rappers Category:People from Bedford–Stuyvesant, Brooklyn Category:People murdered in California Category:Rappers from New York City Category:Unsolved murders in the United States
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He studied guitar with Mario Sicca (Musikhochschule Stuttgart) and Ruggero Chiesa (Conservatorio di Musica Giuseppe Verdi), as well as Anglo–Saxon and Romance Languages and Philosophy at the University of Heidelberg.
At the Schola Cantorum in Basel, he worked under the tutelage of lutists Eugen Dombois, Hopkinson Smith and Peter Croton.
He has given performances on German and British television and performs at numerous festivals. Andreas Martin's 2004 recording of Bach received substantial international praise and recognition.
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