The BEST Video About ALMATY
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- Duration: 3:17
- Published: 2007-08-07
- Uploaded: 2011-01-31
- Author: qazaqboy
It's updated full version of the previous video.
| Official name | Almaty |
|---|---|
| Native name | Алматы Алма-Ата |
| Image seal | NewGerb Almaty 2010.jpg |
| Pushpin map | Kazakhstan |
| Pushpin label position | bottom |
| Pushpin mapsize | 280 |
| Pushpin map caption | Location in Kazakhstan |
| Coordinates region | KZ |
| Subdivision type | Country |
| Subdivision type1 | Province |
| Subdivision name | |
| Established title | First settled |
| Established date | 10–9th century BC |
| Established title2 | Founded |
| Established date2 | 1854 |
| Established title3 | Incorporated (city) |
| Established date3 | 1867 |
| Leader title | Akim (mayor) |
| Leader name | Akhmetzhan Yesimov |
| Area total sq mi | |area_total_km2=324.8 |
| Area land sq mi | |area_land_km2= |
| Area water sq mi | |area_water_km2= |
| Area urban sq mi | |area_urban_km2= |
| Area metro km2 | |area_metro_sq_mi= |
| Population as of | August 1, 2010 |
| Population total | 1,421,868 |
| Population density sq mi | |population_density_km2=4152 |
| Timezone | UTC+6 |
| Utc offset | +6 |
| Elevation m | 500–1700 |elevation_ft=1640–5577 |
| Postal code type | Postal code |
| Postal code | 050000–050063 |
| Area code | +7 727 |
| Blank name | |
| Blank info | ALA |
| Blank1 name | License plate |
| Blank1 info | A |
| Website | http://www.almaty.kz |
Almaty (), also known by its former names Verny (Russian: Верный, "Faithful," prior to 1921) and Alma-Ata (, between 1921 and 1992), is the former capital and still largest city in Kazakhstan, with a population of 1,348,500 (as of 1 September 2008). This represents 9% of the population of the country.
It was the capital of the Kazakh SSR and its successor Kazakhstan from 1929 to 1997. Despite losing its status as the capital to Astana in 1997, Almaty remains the major commercial center of Kazakhstan. It is located in southern Kazakhstan, near the border with Kyrgyzstan.
In fact, there is great genetic diversity among the wild apples in the region surrounding Almaty; the region is thought to be the ancestral home of the apple, and the wild Malus sieversii, is considered a likely candidate for the ancestor of the modern domestic apple. The area is often visited by researchers and scientists from around the world in order to learn more about the complex systems of genetics, and also to discover the true beginnings of the domestic apple.
During the Saka’s period (from 700 BC to the beginning of the Common Era), these lands were chosen for residence by Saka tribes and later Uisun tribes inhabiting the territory north of the Tian Shan mountain range. The evidences of these times are numerous burial tumuli and ancient settlements, especially giant burial mounds of Saka tsars. The most famous archaeological finds are the Golden man from the Issyk Kurgan, Zhalauly treasure, Kargaly diadem, Zhetysu arts bronze (boilers, lamps and altars). During the period of Saka and uisun governance, Almaty became the early education center. coin minted in Almaty in 684 AD]]
In 10–14th centuries, settlements in the territory of the so called "Big Almaty" became part of the trade routes of the Silk Road. At that time, Almaty became one of the trade, craft and agricultural centers on the Silk Road and possessed an official mint. The city was first mentioned as Almatu in books from the 13th century.
These lands also witnessed the tragic developments related to the Dzungar intervention and rigorous efforts of the Kazakh to protect their land and preserve independence. In 1730 the Kazakh defeated the Dzungar in the Anyrakay mountains, 70 km to north-west from Almaty. It was a critical moment of the Patriotic War between Kazakhs and Dzungars.
In 1855 the first displaced Kazakh appeared in Verniy. Since 1856, Verniy started accepting Russian peasants. They founded the Bolshaya Almatinskaya Stanitsa (Cossack village) nearby the fortification. The inflow of migrants was increasing and led to construction of the Malaya Almatinskaya Stanitsa and Tatarskaya (Tashkentskaya) sloboda. It was the place of settlement for Tatar mechants and craftsmen.
In 1867 the Verniy Fort was transformed into the town and called Almatinsk. However, the population did not like the new name of the town and soon the town was re-named as Verniy.
According to the First City Plan, the city perimeters were 2 km on the south along Almatinka river, and 3 km on the west. The new city area was divided into residential parts, and the latter — into districts. Three categories of the city buildings were distinguished. Buildings of the first and second categories were two-storied or, at least, one-storied constructions with the high semi-basement. Buildings of categories I and II were erected around and in the center of the city, others — on the outskirts.
On 28 May 1887, at 4 a.m., an earthquake almost totally destroyed Verniy in 11–12 minutes. Brick buildings were mostly damaged. As a result, people were inclined to build up one-storied construction made of wood or adobe.
In 1926, the Council of Labour and Defence approved the construction of the Turkestan-Siberia Railway railway that was a crucial element of the republic reconstruction, specifically on the east and southeast of the republic. The Turkestan-Siberia Railway construction was also a decisive economic aspect that foreordained the destiny of Alma-Ata as a capital of Kazakh ASSR. In 1930 the construction of the highway and railway to the Alma-Ata station was completed.
On 2 March 1927, It was the initiative of the Central Executive Committee of the Kazakh Republic to transfer the capital from Kyzyl-Orda to Alma-Ata. The VI Kazakhstani Congress approved this initiative.
On 29 April 1927, it was officially decided on the sitting of the Russian SFSR Committee to transfer the capital of the Kazakh Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic from Kyzyl-Orda to Alma-Ata.
Besides, the Alma-Ata airport was opened in 1930 and people from the capital of Kazakhstan could fly now from Alma-Ata to Moscow. Alma-Ata became the air gate to Kazakhstan. Transformation of the small town into the capital of the Republic was supplied by the large-scaled construction of new administrative and government facilities and housing.
Given the transfer of the capital of Kazakhstan to Alma-Ata, in 1936 the Architecture and Planning Bureau elaborated the General Plan aimed at re-creating Alma-Ata as the new cultural and comfortable capital of Kazakhstan. The Plan was based on the existing rectangular system of districts that would further be strengthened and reconstructed.
Owing to self-denying labour, over 52,000 Alma-Ata residents were awarded. 48 residents were granted the title of Hero of The Soviet Union. Three rifle divisions were raised in Alma-Ata , including the well-known 8th Guards Rifle Division 'Panfilov', along with 2 rifle battalions and 3 aviation regiments that were raised on the bases of the air club of Alma-Ata.
The Medeu Dam, designed to protect the city of Almaty and the Medeo skating rink from catastrophic mudflows, was built in 1966 and reinforced a number of times in the 1960s and 1970s.
The supersonic transport Tupolev Tu-144 went into service on 26 December 1975, flying mail and freight between Moscow and Alma-Ata in preparation for passenger services, which commenced in November 1977. The Aeroflot flight on 1 June 1978 was the Tu-144's 55th and last scheduled passenger service.
Since 1981, the underground Almaty Metro construction project has been developed.
On 16 December 1986 Jeltoksan riot took place in response to General Secretary Mikhail Gorbachev's dismissal of Dinmukhamed Kunayev.
In 1993 the government made a decision to rename Alma-Ata. The new name of the city is Almaty.
In 1997 the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan Nursultan Nazarbayev approved the Decree to transfer the capital from Almaty to Astana.
On 1 July 1998 a Law was passed concerning the special status of Almaty as a scientific, cultural, historical, financial and industrial center.
According to the USSR Census of 1989, population of Almaty was 1,071,900; Kazakhstan Census of 1999 reported 1,129,400.
Air Astana is headquartered in the Air Astana Centre 1 in Almaty. Prior to their dissolution, Air Kazakhstan and Kazakhstan Airlines were also headquartered in Almaty.
The historic bandy team Dinamo won the Soviet Championships in 1977 and 1990 and the European Cup in 1978. Their home ground was Medeo, where bandy will be the only sport at the 2011 Winter Asian Games.
Category:Populated places in Kazakhstan Category:Populated places established in 1854 Category:Former national capitals Category:Cities in Central Asia Category:Populated places along the Silk Road Category:Provinces of Kazakhstan
This text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
![Concourse B at Christmastime. Almaty, Beirut, Belgrade, Bucharest-Otopeni, Cairo, Damascus, Dublin, Dubrovnik [seasonal], Istanbul-Atatürk [ends 26 March], Kiev-Boryspil, Kuwait [seasonal], Larnaca, London-Heathrow, Manchester [resumes 29 March] Minsk, Moscow-Sheremetyevo,](http://web.archive.org./web/20110216011008im_/http://cdn.wn.com/pd/27/35/b186bc29daf31eda40889e3a98b3_grande.jpg "Concourse B at Christmastime. Almaty, Beirut, Belgrade, Bucharest-Otopeni, Cairo, Damascus, Dublin, Dubrovnik [seasonal], Istanbul-Atatürk [ends 26 March], Kiev-Boryspil, Kuwait [seasonal], Larnaca, London-Heathrow, Manchester [resumes 29 March] Minsk, Moscow-Sheremetyevo,")
![Concourse B at Christmastime. Almaty, Beirut, Belgrade, Bucharest-Otopeni, Cairo, Damascus, Dublin, Dubrovnik [seasonal], Istanbul-Atatürk [ends 26 March], Kiev-Boryspil, Kuwait [seasonal], Larnaca, London-Heathrow, Manchester [resumes 29 March] Minsk, Moscow-Sheremetyevo,](http://web.archive.org./web/20110216011008im_/http://cdn.wn.com/pd/27/35/b186bc29daf31eda40889e3a98b3_thumb.jpg "Concourse B at Christmastime. Almaty, Beirut, Belgrade, Bucharest-Otopeni, Cairo, Damascus, Dublin, Dubrovnik [seasonal], Istanbul-Atatürk [ends 26 March], Kiev-Boryspil, Kuwait [seasonal], Larnaca, London-Heathrow, Manchester [resumes 29 March] Minsk, Moscow-Sheremetyevo,")
