Kalyan

Kalyan is a part of the Thane District of Maharashtra state in Western India.It is also known for being the Mumbai region's exit station to North India and South India.

Kalyan is within the administrative division (tahsil) at a taluka level of the Thane District. Kalyan and its neighbouring township of Dombivli jointly form the Kalyan Dombivli Municipal Corporation, abbreviated as KDMC. It is considered a part of the Mumbai Metropolitan Region, along with Vitthalwadi, Bhiwandi, Thane, Ulhasnagar and the municipal councils of Ambernath and Badlapur.

Etymology

The word 'Kalyan' spelled in (Marathi: कल्याण) is a Marathi word which means 'Welfare' in English.

History

In pre-independent India, the administration spelled Kalyan as Kallian, Callian and sometimes as callianee. The city has been attacked by various foreign armies including the Mughal, the Portuguese and the British. The Marathas were held in high regard by the locals for being the only line of defence against invasions.

Walter Hamilton, a foreign visitor passing through India described Callianee as follows in his 1820 book A Geographical, Statistical, and Historical Description of Hindostan, and the Adjacent Counties, Volume 2 on page 150:

Kalyan (Lok Sabha constituency)

Kalyan Lok Sabha constituency (Marathi: कल्याण लोकसभा मतदारसंघ) is one of the 48 Lok Sabha (lower house of the Indian Parliament) constituencies in Maharashtra state in western India. This constituency was created on 19 February 2008 as a part of the implementation of the Presidential notification based on the recommendations of the Delimitation Commission of India constituted on 12 July 2002. It first held elections in 2009 and its first member of parliament (MP) was Anand Paranjpe of Shiv Sena. As of the 2014 elections, this constituency is represented by Shrikant Shinde also of Shiv Sena.

Assembly segments

After the reorganization of the assembly segments in 2008, Kalyan Lok Sabha constituency comprises six Vidhan Sabha (legislative assembly) segments. These segments are:

Members of Parliament

Key

  Shiv Sena  

Election results

General election 2009

General election 2014

See also

Kalyani (raga)

Kaḷyāṇ or Kaḷyāṇī, alternatively called Yaman in Hindusthani Music, is a melakarta rāga (parent musical scale) in the Carnatic music. Its Western equivalent is the Lydian mode.

Kalyani in Carnatic music

In South Indian weddings this is a very prominently played rāga. The word Kaḷyāṇī means she who causes auspicious things. It is the 65th melakarta rāga under the Katapayadi sankhya. It is also called Mechakaḷyāṇī. The notes for Kaḷyāṇī are S R₂ G₃ M₂ P D₂ N₃. Kalyani is the first Prathi Madhyama raga that was ever discovered. It was obtained by the process of Graha Bhedam or modal shift of tonic of the ancient Shadja Grama.

Specifics on this raga

Kalyani has scope for elaborate alapana. One should not remain too long on panchamam (pa) or alternate between shadjamam and panchamam too frequently. Kaḷyāṇī is a very beautiful raaga, and is prominently known among the public. It is often performed at the beginning of concerts because it is considered auspicious. This raga is very special because it is sung with all higher notes.