Name	Ipswich
Official name	Borough of Ipswich
Native name
Imagesize	260px
Map caption	Ipswich and surrounding area
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Coordinates region	GB
Subdivision type	Sovereign state
Subdivision name	United Kingdom
Subdivision type1	Constituent Country
Subdivision name1	England
Subdivision type2	Region
Subdivision name2	East of England
Subdivision type3	County
Subdivision name3	Suffolk
Subdivision type4	Borough
Subdivision name4	Ipswich
Parts style
Parts
P2
Government type	Leader and Cabinet
Leader title	MPs
Leader name	Ben Gummer
Leader title1
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Established title1
Established title2
Area magnitude
Unit pref
Area footnotes	– Ranked
Area total km2	39.42
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Population total	Ranked
Population density km2
Population urban	Unknown
Population blank1 title	Ethnicity
Population blank1	90.5% White 2.1% Black 3.9% S.Asian 1.1% Chinese or Other 2.4% Mixed Race|population_density_blank1_km2 =
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Blank name	ONS code
Blank info	42UD

Ipswich () (previously Gyppeswick in variant spellings) is a non-metropolitan district and the county town of Suffolk, England. It is located on the estuary of the River Orwell. Nearby towns are Felixstowe in Suffolk and Harwich and Colchester in Essex.

The town of Ipswich overspills the borough boundaries significantly, with only 85% of the town's population living within the borough at the time of the 2001 Census, when it was the third-largest settlement in the United Kingdom's East of England region, and the 38th largest urban area in England.

The modern name is derived from the medieval name, 'Gippeswick' (also spelt 'Gipewiz', 'Gepeswiz', or 'Gypeswiz') is probably taken from the River Gipping which is the name of the non-tidal section of the River Orwell. As of 2007, the borough of Ipswich is estimated to have a population of approximately 128,000 inhabitants.

History

Under the Roman empire, the area around Ipswich formed an important route inland to rural towns and settlements via the rivers Orwell and Gipping. A large Roman fort, part of the coast defences of Britain, stood at Walton near Felixstowe (13 miles, 21 km), and the largest villa in Suffolk (possibly an administrative complex) stood at Castle Hill (north-west Ipswich).

Ipswich is one of England's oldest towns, and took shape in Anglo-Saxon times (in the 7th–8th centuries) around Ipswich dock. As the coastal states of north-western Europe emerged from the collapse of the Roman Empire, essential North Sea trade and communication between eastern Britain and the continent (especially to Scandinavia, and through the Rhine) passed through the formerly Roman ports of London (serving the Kingdoms of Mercia, the East Saxons and of Kent) and of York (Eoforwic) (serving the Kingdom of Northumbria).

Gipeswic arose as the equivalent to these serving the Kingdom of East Anglia, its early imported wares dating to the time of King Rædwald, supreme ruler of the English (616–624). The famous ship-burial and treasure at Sutton Hoo nearby (9 miles, 14.5 km) is probably his grave. The Ipswich Museum houses replicas of the Roman Mildenhall Treasure and the Sutton Hoo treasure. A gallery devoted to the town's origins includes Anglo-Saxon weapons, jewellery and other artefacts.

The 7th century town, called 'Gippeswick' was centred near the quay. Towards 700 AD, Frisian potters from the Netherlands area settled in Ipswich and set up the first large-scale potteries in England since Roman times. Their wares were traded far across England, and the industry was unique to Ipswich for 200 years. With growing prosperity, in about 720 AD a large new part of the town was laid out in the Buttermarket area. Ipswich was becoming a place of national and international importance.

Parts of the ancient road plan still survive in its modern streets. After the invasion of 869 Ipswich fell under Viking rule. The earth ramparts circling the town centre were probably raised by Vikings in Ipswich around 900 to prevent its recapture by the English. They were unsuccessful. The town operated a Mint under royal licence from King Edgar in the 970s, which continued through the Norman Conquest until the time of King John, in about 1215. The abbreviation 'Gipes' appears on the coins.

King John granted the town its first charter in 1200, laying the medieval foundations of its modern civil government. In the next four centuries it made the most of its wealth, trading Suffolk cloth with the Continent. Five large religious houses, including two Augustinian Priories (St Peter and St Paul, and Holy Trinity, both mid-12th century), and those of the Greyfriars (Franciscans, before 1298), Ipswich Whitefriars (Carmelites founded 1278–79) and Blackfriars (Dominicans, before 1263), stood in medieval Ipswich. The last Carmelite Prior of Ipswich was the celebrated John Bale, author of the oldest English historical verse-drama (Kynge Johan, c.1538). There were also several hospitals, including the leper hospital of St Mary Magdalene, founded before 1199. During the Middle Ages the Marian Shrine of Our Lady of Grace was a famous pilgrimage destination, and attracted many pilgrims including Henry VIII and Katherine of Aragon. At the Reformation the statue was taken away to London to be burned, though some claim that it survived and is preserved at Nettuno, Italy.

Around 1380, Geoffrey Chaucer satirised the merchants of Ipswich in the Canterbury Tales. Thomas Wolsey, the future cardinal, was born in Ipswich about 1475 as the son of a wealthy landowner. One of Henry VIII's closest political allies, he founded a college in the town in 1528, which was for its brief duration one of the homes of the Ipswich School. He remains one of the town's most famed figures.

Ipswich was a kontor for the Hanseatic League with its port used for import and export to the Baltic.

is decorated with a particularly fine example of pargeting.]] In the time of Queen Mary the Ipswich Martyrs were burnt at the stake on the Cornhill for their Protestant beliefs. A monument commemorating this event now stands in Christchurch Park. From 1611 to 1634 Ipswich was a major centre for emigration to New England. This was encouraged by the Town Lecturer, Samuel Ward. His brother Nathaniel Ward was first minister of Ipswich, Massachusetts, where a promontory was named 'Castle Hill' after the place of that name in north-west Ipswich, UK. Ipswich was also one of the main ports of embarkation for puritans leaving other East Anglian towns and villages for the Massachusetts Bay Colony during the 1630s and what has become known as the Great Migration.

The painter Thomas Gainsborough lived and worked in Ipswich. In 1835, Charles Dickens stayed in Ipswich and used it as a setting for scenes in his novel The Pickwick Papers. The hotel where he resided first opened in 1518; it was then known as The Tavern and is now known as the Great White Horse Hotel. Dickens made the hotel famous in chapter XXI of The Pickwick Papers, vividly describing the hotel's meandering corridors and stairs.

In 1824, Dr George Birkbeck, with support from several local businessmen, founded one of the first Mechanics' Institutes which survives to this day as the independent Ipswich Institute Reading Room and Library. The elegant 15 Tavern Street building has been the site of the Library since 1836.

In 1797 Lord and Lady Nelson moved to Ipswich, and in 1800 Lord Nelson was appointed High Steward of Ipswich.

In the mid-19th century Coprolite (fossilized animal dung) was discovered, the material was mined and then dissolved in acid, the resulting mixture forming the basis of Fisons fertilizer business.

Ipswich was subject to bombing by German Zeppelins during the first world war but the greatest damage by far occurred during the German bombing raids of WWII. The area in and around the docks were especially devastated. The last bombs to fall on Ipswich landed on Seymour Street in March 1945.

Modern Ipswich

Ipswich has undergone an extensive rebuilding and a gentrification programme in recent years, principally centred around the waterfront. Though this has turned a former industrial dock area into an emerging residential and commercial centre, it is being completed at the expense of much of the town's industrial and maritime heritage and in spite of efforts made by a local civic group, The Ipswich Society. Much of this development is residential and is marketed at high net-worth individuals in the DINKY demographic. As such, some have considered it incompatible with Ipswich's existing socio-economic mix. It could therefore be considered to be aimed at encouraging economic migration to the town, particularly as a commutable satellite town of London.

The Tolly Cobbold brewery, built in the 19th century and rebuilt 1894–1896, is one of the finest Victorian breweries in the United Kingdom. There was a Cobbold brewery in the town from 1746 until 2002 when Ridley's Breweries took Tolly Cobbold over. Felix Thornley Cobbold presented Christchurch Mansion to the town in 1896. Smaller breweries include St Jude's Brewery situated in an 18th century coach-house near the town centre.

The town centre contains the glass-clad building owned by Willis, properly called the Willis Building but still often called the "Willis-Faber building" by locals, as the company Willis Corroon themselves used to be called Willis Faber. Designed by Norman Foster, the building dates from 1974. It became the youngest Grade I listed building in Britain in 1991 and at the time one of only two buildings to be listed and be under 30 years of age.

Ipswich is set to be the main hub for University Campus Suffolk, which will give Suffolk its first university, though it is essentially a collaborative project between Suffolk College (a local further education college) and two other regional universities. It is hoped that within a decade, a University of Suffolk in its own right will become established out of UCS.

In September 1993 Ipswich and Arras, Nord Pas-de-Calais, France, became twin towns, and a square in the new Buttermarket development was named Arras Square to mark the relationship.

On 13 March 2007 Ipswich was awarded the cleanest town award.

Ipswich remains a 'town' despite a few attempts at winning 'city' status. It does not have a cathedral, so the Bishop of St Edmundsbury and Ipswich is based at Bury St Edmunds the former headquarters of West Suffolk.

Districts

The Ipswich docks area (also 'the waterfront') are is now devoted primarily to leisure use and includes extensive recent development of residential apartment blocks and the new University College. Fairline Boats and Spirit Yachts operate from the dock as does a timber merchant. Other industrial uses dominate to the south of the wet dock. Recently Waterfront Action was formed to help create a friendly, thriving and vibrant community for the Ipswich Waterfront with the initiative being led by Waterfront Churches.

Holywells is the area around Holywells Park, a 67 acre (27 ha) public park, situated near the docks, that was painted by Thomas Gainsborough. Alexandra Park is the nearest park to the Northern Quay of the Ipswich Waterfont and situated on Back Hamlet next to the Northern block of UCS

Chantry is the name of a housing estate and park to the South-West of Ipswich. Its schools include Chantry High School and the Chantry Infant and Junior Schools which have merged, and been renamed 'The Oaks'. Another school that can be found in the outskirts of Chantry is St Joseph's College.

Other districts outside the town centre include Bixley Farm, Broke Hall, California, Castle Hill, The Dales, Gainsborough, Greenwich, Kesgrave (which is actually a separate town situated in Suffolk Coastal District), Maidenhall, Pinebrook, Priory Heath, Racecourse, Ravenswood(built on the former air field), Rose Hill, Rushmere, Springvale, St Margarets, Stoke, Warren Heath, Westbourne, Whitehouse and Whitton.

To the east of the town is Trinity Park near Bucklesham the home of the annual Suffolk Show one of the County shows in United Kingdom. The 'Trinity' is the name given to the three animals native to the county of Suffolk, namely Red Poll cattle, the powerful Suffolk Punch horse and the black faced Suffolk Sheep.

Culture

earliest commissions.]] Ipswich is home to many artists, with galleries at Christchurch Mansion, the Town Hall, a gallery in Ancient House and the Artists Gallery in Electric House being the more prominent. The visual arts are further supported with many sites of sculpture with easy accessibility. The Borough Council promotes creation of new public works of art and has been known to make this a condition of planning permission.

The town houses Ipswich Museum and the Ipswich Transport Museum.

Performing arts are well represented with Ipswich being home to many cultural hubs.

The New Wolsey Theatre is a 400 seat theatre situated on Civic Drive. Although the Wolsey Theatre was built in 1979, The New Wolsey Theatre Co. took on the management and running of the Wolsey Theatre in 2000, opening its first production in February 2001. Celebrating its 10th birthday in 2011 the New Wolsey Theatre offers a diverse range of quality productions for mixed ages and tastes. If you are hard of hearing, Deaf or deafened, use BSL or are blind, then the theatre can still be accessed via captioning, BSL interpreted performances and audio description. This theatre is also the producer of the incredibly popular Rock 'n' Roll pantomimes at Christmas.

The New Wolsey is also host to the annual Pulse Fringe Festival that takes place in May/June each year, bringing new and emerging work at various stages of development, from both national and international companies, to different venues in the town.

DanceEast, which has the primary aim of advocating innovation and development of dance in the East of England is now resident in their new premises as part of the waterfront development . They are building new premises as part of the waterfront development. These are the first custom built dance facilities in the East of England at a cost of around £8million..

The Eastern Angles theatre group are based at the Sir John Mills Theatre in Ipswich, named after the famous actor who lived in Felixstowe as a child.

Since 1991, there has been an annual arts festival called Ip-Art which brings together many events across art disciplines and different venues, notably a free music day in Christchurch Park, which in 2006 had over 50 different acts performing over 7 stages.

Key Arts is an artists run space using a disused church on the waterfront. They hold a comprehensive programme of events and residencies during the year and have been running since 2006.

Norwich remains the regional centre for TV broadcasting, but both BBC East and Anglia TV have presenters and offices in Ipswich. The town has three local radio stations, BBC Radio Suffolk covering the entire county, where the East Anglian Accent can be heard on its many phone-ins, the commercial SGR-FM which was founded in 1975 as Radio Orwell covering the A14 corridor in Suffolk and Town 102 which was founded in 2006 and is the first full time commercial station specific for Ipswich. The younger audience is catered for with Suffolk based Kiss 105-108. On 15 August 2007, Ipswich Community Radio launched full-time after successfully gaining a licence in early 2006.

The town's daily evening newspaper is the Evening Star (Ipswich) which is the sister title to the county's daily morning newspaper the East Anglian Daily Times.

Buildings

In addition to the Christchurch Mansion and Ancient House, Ipswich in the 21st century has some important cultural buildings including the New Wolsey Theatre and the Regent Theatre – the largest theatre venue in East Anglia where, in the 1960s, The Beatles performed when it was still known as the Gaumont.

There are several medieval Ipswich churches but the grandest is the Victorian St Mary le Tower. [Holy Trinity Church] by Ipswich Waterfront is one of the few churches in the country which was built during the reign of William IV and whilst the outside looks plain, the interior is quite spectacular. The world's oldest circle of church bells is housed in St Lawrence Church.

Modern buildings include the new Suffolk County Hall in the area known as Ipswich Village close to Ipswich Town's Portman Road stadium. The stadium has hosted England under 21, under 23, and full international matches in addition to an England hockey game.

On the north-west side of Ipswich lies Broomhill Pool, a Grade II listed Olympic-sized lido which opened in 1938 and closed in 2002, since which time a campaign to see it restored and re-opened has been run by the The Broomhill Pool Trust.

The tallest building in Ipswich, "The Mill", was topped out in November 2008; its purpose is accommodation for university students.

Politics

Ipswich is governed locally by a two-tier Council System. Ipswich Borough Council fulfils district council functions such as refuse collection, housing and planning and Suffolk County Council provides the County Council services such as transport, education and social services.

Between 1979 and September 2004, Ipswich Borough Council was under Labour control but the town is now governed by a Conservative-Liberal Democrat coalition.

The town is covered by two parliamentary constituencies: Ipswich, which covers about 75% and is represented by Conservative MP Ben Gummer, and Central Suffolk & North Ipswich, which covers the remaining 25% and is represented by Conservative MP Daniel Poulter.

In April 2006 the borough council initiated public discussions about the idea of turning the borough into a unitary authority (Ipswich had constituted a county borough from 1889 to 1974, independent of the administrative county of East Suffolk, and this status was not restored by the Banham/Cooksey Commission in the 1990s). Ipswich, Norwich, Exeter and Oxford united to campaign for unitary authority status for the four towns, hoping to use the window of opportunity presented by the October 2006 Local Government White Paper. In March 2007, it was announced that Ipswich was one of sixteen shortlisted councils and on the 25 July 2007, the Secretary of state announced that she was minded to implement the unitary proposal for Ipswich, but that there were 'a number of risks relating to the financial case set out in the proposal', on which she invited Ipswich to undertake further work before a final decision is taken. Early in December plans were thrown into doubt as the Government announced that it had 'delayed' the unitary bids for Ipswich and Exeter. In July 2008 the Boundary Committee announced their preferred option was for a unitary authority covering Ipswich and the south-eastern corner of Suffolk (including Felixstowe).

Industry

Industry around Ipswich has had a strong agricultural bias with Ransomes, Sims & Jefferies Ltd, one of the most famous agricultural manufacturers, located in the town. It is notable that the world's first commercial motorised lawnmower was built by Ransomes in 1902. There was a sugar beet factory at Ipswich for many years; it was closed in 2001 as part of a rationalisation by British Sugar. The hotel industry has been given a boost with the opening of the brand new Ramada Encore Hotel on Ranelagh Road near Ipswich Town football club.

The British Telecom Research Laboratories were located to the east of the town in 1975 at Martlesham Heath. They are now a science park called Adastral Park. The area was originally RAF Martlesham Heath – a WW2 airfield from where Douglas Bader fought. However, some senior locals confirm that Douglas Bader never flew from Ipswich/Martlesham. Part of the old airfield is now the site of Suffolk Constabulary's Headquarters.

Ipswich is one of the Haven ports and is still a working port, handling several million tonnes of cargo each year. Prior to decommissioning, HMS Grafton was a regular visitor to the port and has special links with the town and the county of Suffolk. HMS Orwell, named after the river, is also closely linked with the town. With the rise in popularity of the town around the Neptune Marina and the Ipswich dock a number of ship and boatbuilders have become established, in particular Fairline Yachts are a significant employer.

Transport

Ipswich sits close to the A14 and the A12 roads; it is also on the Great Eastern Main Line from London to Norwich, the East Suffolk Line to Lowestoft and the Felixstowe Branch Line with three railway stations (Ipswich, Westerfield and Derby Road). It is an hour from Stansted airport, 40 minutes from Harwich International Port and is also on Sustrans's National Cycle Route 5 and National Cycle Route 51. The Port of Felixstowe is a major container port 12 miles to the east.

Ipswich engine shed opened in 1846 and closed in 1968

Sport

, home ground of Ipswich Town]]

Ipswich's sole professional football club are Ipswich Town, who were established in 1878 and currently play in the second-tier Football League Championship at the 30,300-capacity Portman Road. They have a strong rivalry with Norwich City, and have been the previous clubs of the two most successful England managers, Alf Ramsey (who is buried in the Old Cemetery in the town) and Bobby Robson. They won the League Championship in 1961–62 during Ramsey's reign, as well as the 1978 FA Cup and the 1981 UEFA Cup under Robson. The club are also undefeated at home in all European competitions having drawn 6 and won the other 25. Ipswich is also home to several non-League clubs, including Ipswich Wanderers and Whitton United in the Eastern Counties League, and Achilles, Crane Sports and Ransomes Sports amongst several others in the Suffolk & Ipswich League.

The Speedway team, the Ipswich Witches, have ridden at Foxhall Stadium on the outskirts of Ipswich since 1951. The Witches have won the top tier league title four times, the knock-out cup five times and the second tier knock-out cup twice. The stadium is also used regularly for Stock car racing.

Ipswich Gymnastics Centre is one of only three fully Olympic accredited gymnastics facilities in the United Kingdom The resident club has also been home to international gymnasts.

The town has representation in both codes of Rugby. It has two amateur Rugby Union teams, Ipswich RUFC who play in London 3 North East League, and Ipswich YM RUFC (a third side Orwell RUFC, formerly Ransomes RFC having folded some time in the 1980s). The amateur rugby league side, Ipswich Rhinos, plays in the Rugby League Conference.

The Ipswich Cardinals (American football) is a successful American Football team, playing in the South-East Conference of BAFACL 1 – the second tier of the BAFA Community Leagues.

Ipswich is home to teamIpswich Swimming. Formed in 1884 as Ipswich Swimming Club, it is based at the town's Crown Pools, and also uses the Fore Street swimming pool. The most successful club member is World Championship gold medallist Karen Pickering.

Ipswich had a racecourse which ran a mix of flat and National Hunt races from 1710 to 1911.

Climate

Ipswich 2006 serial murders

A serial killer or spree killer responsible for the murders of five women in Ipswich gained notoriety in late 2006, as the Ipswich Murderer. The five women were identified as prostitutes; their bodies were found in December 2006. Suffolk Constabulary formally linked the murders in their investigation.

Steven Gerald James Wright, who had previously worked at the Port of Felixstowe, was arrested at his house in Ipswich on 19 December. On 21 December, Wright was formally charged with the murders of Gemma Adams, 25, Anneli Alderton, 24, Tania Nicol, 19, Paula Clennell, 24, and Annette Nicholls, 29. He appeared in Ipswich Magistrates' Court on 22 December 2006 and was remanded in custody until 2 January 2007 to appear in Ipswich Crown Court where he was remanded in custody for a second court appearance, held on 1 May 2007. At that hearing he pleaded not guilty to all five murders. His trial began in Ipswich on 14 January 2008. The jury returned a guilty verdict on 21 February, and the next day, Wright was sentenced to life imprisonment by Mr Justice Gross, who recommended that he should never be released from prison, on the basis that the murders resulted from a "substantial degree of pre-meditation and planning". The three-episode TV program titled 'Five Daughters' was based on the serial murders of the five prostitutes that happened in Ipswich in 2006.

Famous residents

Probably the most famous person born in the town is the Tudor Cardinal Thomas Wolsey. The artist Thomas Gainsborough and the cartoonist "Giles" worked here, Horatio, Lord Nelson became Steward of Ipswich, and Margaret Catchpole began her adventurous career here. Alf Ramsey and Sir Bobby Robson were both successful managers of Ipswich Town F.C.

*Professional darts player Mervyn King (born 1966) was born in Ipswich, as was the 1983 World Champion Keith Deller (born 1959).

It is also purported that Geoffrey Chaucer, author of The Canterbury Tales was born here.

Vocalist Dani Filth of renowned heavy metal band Cradle of Filth

Ipswich is also home to the current world's heaviest man, Paul Mason – weighing in at . Academy Award-nominated English actor Ralph Fiennes was born in an Ipswich hospital while his parents were living near Southwold but did not live in the town.

References

External links

Ipswich institutions

Ipswich Borough Council

The Ipswich Society

The Broomhill Pool Trust

Holy Trinity Church – The Ipswich Waterfront / Docks Church

Ipswich Waterfront Churches

Ipswich Waterfront Action

Entertainment in Ipswich

Ipswich Gigs community

The Grapevine

Ramada Encore Ipswich

History

Ipswich Museum

Clifford Road Air Raid Shelter Museum, Ipswich

Medieval town plan of Ipswich Town

Ipswich Transport Museum

History of Ipswich Airport

Video clip of 'Ipswich Past: The Town our Parents Knew' – original archive film from Ipswich

Video clip of 'Ipswich in the Sixties' – original archive film from Ipswich in the 1960s

Category:Articles including recorded pronunciations (UK English) Category:Towns in Suffolk Category:County towns in England Category:Port cities and towns of the North Sea Category:River Orwell Category:Trading posts of the Hanseatic League Category:Non-metropolitan districts of Suffolk Category:Local government districts of the East of England

Playername	Roy Keane
Fullname	Roy Maurice Keane
Dateofbirth	August 10, 1971
Cityofbirth	Cork
Countryofbirth	Ireland
Height
Position	Midfielder
Youthyears1	1979–1989
Youthclubs1	Rockmount
Years1	1989–1990
Clubs1	Cobh Ramblers
Caps1	12
Goals1	1
Years2	1990–1993
Clubs2	Nottingham Forest
Caps2	114
Goals2	22
Years3	1993–2005
Clubs3	Manchester United
Caps3	323
Goals3	33
Years4	2005–2006
Clubs4	Celtic
Caps4	10
Goals4	1
Totalcaps	459
Totalgoals	57
Nationalyears1	1990–1991
Nationalteam1	Republic of Ireland U21 |nationalcaps1=4
Nationalgoals1	0
Nationalyears2	1991–2005
Nationalteam2	Republic of Ireland
Nationalcaps2	67
Nationalgoals2	9
Manageryears1	2006–2008
Managerclubs1	Sunderland
Manageryears2	2009–2011
Managerclubs2	Ipswich Town

Roy Maurice Keane (born 10 August 1971) is a former Irish footballer and manager. In his 18-year playing career, he played for Cobh Ramblers in the League of Ireland, Nottingham Forest and Manchester United, before ending his career at Celtic in Scotland.

A dominating central-midfielder, Keane was noted for his aggressive and highly competitive style of play, an attitude which helped him excel as captain of Manchester United from 1997 until his departure in 2005. Keane helped United achieve a sustained period of success in more than 12 years at the club.

He played at international level for much of his career, representing the Republic of Ireland over a period of fourteen years, most of which he spent as captain. In the 1994 FIFA World Cup he played in every game, although he was sent home from the 2002 World Cup after an "incident" with national coach Mick McCarthy.

During his first season as Sunderland manager, he took the club from twenty-third position in the Football League Championship to win the league and gain promotion to the Premier League. Keane's arrival was largely attributed as the catalyst for Sunderland's recovery. He managed to keep Sunderland from relegation in the 2007–08 season, but in his second season as a top-flight manager he left his position with Sunderland in the relegation zone. In April 2009, he was appointed as manager of Ipswich Town, but was sacked by the club in January 2011 with them 19th in the Championship.

Childhood and early career

Keane was born into a working class family in the Mayfield suburb of Cork. His father, Maurice, took work wherever he could find it due to the economic hardships of the time, which led to jobs at a local knitwear company and a Murphy's Irish Stout brewery, amongst others. His family were keen on sport, football especially, and many of his relatives had played for junior clubs in Cork, including Rockmount A.F.C. Keane took up boxing at the age of nine and trained for a number of years, winning all of his four bouts in the novice league. During this period he was developing as a much more promising footballer at Rockmount, and his potential was highlighted when he was voted Player of the Year in his first season.

Keane supported Celtic and Tottenham Hotspur as a child, citing Liam Brady and Glenn Hoddle as his favourite players, but as time progressed, Manchester United's Bryan Robson became the footballer he most admired due to the all-action, box-to-box style for which 'Captain Marvel' had become famous. These were qualities which Keane also had in abundance, and little did he know that he would eventually become Robson's long-term replacement at Old Trafford.

Cobh Ramblers

Despite his growing promise, a future career in football began to look uncertain. He was turned down from the Ireland schoolboys squad after a trial in Dublin; one explanation from former Ireland coach and scout Ronan Scally was that the fourteen-year-old Keane was "just too small" to make it at the required level.

Nottingham Forest

Although delighted to have signed for a big club, Keane initially found life in Nottingham difficult due to the long periods away from his family, and he would often ask the club for a few days' home leave in order to return to Cork. Keane expressed his gratitude at Clough's generosity when considering his requests, as it helped him get through the tough early days at the club.}} He eventually scored his first professional goal against Sheffield United, and by 1991 he was a regular starter in the side, displacing the England international Steve Hodge. Keane scored three goals during a run to the 1991 FA Cup Final, which Forest ultimately lost to Tottenham Hotspur. In the third round, however, he made a costly error against Crystal Palace, gifting a goal to the opposition and allowing them to draw the game. On returning to the dressing room after the game, Clough punched Keane in the face in anger, knocking him to the floor. Despite this incident, Keane bore no hard feelings against his manager, later claiming that he sympathised with Clough due to the pressures of management and that he was too grateful to him for giving him his chance in English Football. A year later, Keane returned to Wembley with Forest for the League Cup final, but again finished on the losing side as his future club Manchester United gained a 1–0 win.

Keane was beginning to attract attention from the top clubs in the Premier League, and in 1992, Blackburn Rovers manager Kenny Dalglish spoke to Keane about the possibility of a move to the Lancashire club at the end of the season. With Forest struggling in the league and looking increasingly more likely to be relegated, Keane negotiated a new contract with a relegation escape clause. The lengthy negotiations had been much talked about in public, not least by Brian Clough, who described Keane as a "greedy child" He initially expressed doubts as to whether he would play again due to the severity of his injury,}} Any fears that Keane's injury may have reduced his effectiveness as a player were dispelled in the 1998–99 season, when he returned to captain the side to an unprecedented treble of the FA Premier League, FA Cup, and UEFA Champions League. One of his finest performances in this campaign was an inspirational display against Juventus in the second leg of the Champions League semi-final, when he helped haul his team back from two goals down to win 3–2, a game regarded around Europe as one of the best performances on a football field in the modern era of European football. He scored from a header to start United's comeback and continually drove the team forwards at every opportunity. His performance in Turin has been described as his finest hour as a footballer. Earlier in the match, however, Keane had received a yellow card that ruled him out of the final after a trip on Zinedine Zidane. In the final, United defeated Bayern Munich 2–1 at Nou Camp, but Keane had mixed emotions about the victory due to his suspension. Recalling his thoughts before the game, Keane said: "Although I was putting a brave face on it, this was just about the worst experience I'd had in football." Later that year, Keane scored the only goal in the finals of the Intercontinental Cup, as United defeated Palmeiras.

Contract negotiations dominated the landscape during the summer after the treble, with Keane turning down United's initial £2 million-a-year offer amid rumours of a move to Italy. His higher demands were eventually met midway through the 1999–00 season, committing him to United until 2004. Keane was angered when club officials explained an increase in season ticket prices was a result of his improved contract and asked for an apology from the club. Days after the contract was signed, Keane celebrated by scoring the winning goal against Valencia in the Champions League, although United's interest in the competition was ended by Real Madrid in the quarter-finals, partly due to an unfortunate Keane own-goal in the second leg. He was voted PFA Players' Player of the Year and Football Writers' Association Footballer of the Year at the end of the season after leading United to their sixth Premier League title in eight years.

Keane caused controversy in December 2000, when he criticised sections of United supporters after the Champions League victory over Dynamo Kiev at Old Trafford. He complained about the lack of vocal support given by some fans when Kiev were dominating the game, stating: "Away from home our fans are fantastic, I'd call them the hardcore fans. But at home they have a few drinks and probably the prawn sandwiches, and they don't realise what's going on out on the pitch. I don't think some of the people who come to Old Trafford can spell 'football', never mind understand it." and the term 'prawn sandwich brigade' is now part of the English football vocabulary, referring to people who attend football games or claim to be fans of football because it is fashionable rather than due to any genuine interest in the game.

He made headlines again in the 2001 Manchester derby, a game in which Alf-Inge Håland played. Five minutes from the final whistle, he was sent off for a blatant knee-high foul on the Norwegian in what was seen by many as an act of revenge. He initially received a three game suspension and a £5,000 fine from the FA, but further punishment was to follow after the release of Keane's autobiography in August 2002, in which he stated that he intended "to hurt" Håland. Keane's account of the incident was as follows:

I'd waited long enough. I fucking hit him hard. The ball was there (I think). Take that you cunt. And don't ever stand over me sneering about fake injuries.

An admission that the tackle was in fact a premeditated assault, it left the FA with no choice but to charge Keane with bringing the game into disrepute. He was banned for a further five matches and fined £150,000 in the ensuing investigation. Despite widespread condemnation, he later maintained in his autobiography that he had no regrets about the incident: "My attitude was, fuck him. What goes around comes around. He got his just rewards. He fucked me over and my attitude is an eye for an eye." as he believed the team-mates who had played in United's victorious 1999 Champions League final no longer had the motivation to work as hard.

In August 2002 he was fined £150,000 by Ferguson and suspended for three matches for elbowing Sunderland's Jason McAteer, and this was compounded by an added five-match suspension for the controversial comments about Håland. Keane used the break to undergo an operation on his hip, which had caused him to take painkillers for a year beforehand. Despite early fears that the injury was career-threatening, and suggestions of a future hip-replacement from his surgeon, he was back in the United team by December.

During his period of rest after the operation, Keane reflected on the cause of his frequent injuries and suspensions. He decided that the cause of these problems was his reckless challenges and angry outbursts which had increasingly blighted his career. prompting Keane to verbally confront the Arsenal captain. Referee Poll later revealed that he should have sent off both players before the match had begun, though was under pressure not to do so. Keane also jointly holds the record for the most red cards received in English football, being dismissed a total of 13 times in his career. He was inducted into the English Football Hall of Fame in 2004 in recognition of his undoubted impact on the English game, and became the only Irish player to be selected into the FIFA 100, a list of the greatest living footballers picked by Pelé.

Departure

Keane unexpectedly left Manchester United by mutual consent on 18 November 2005, during a protracted absence from the team due to an injury sustained in his last competitive game for the club, due to a robust challenge from Luis García against Liverpool. His departure marked the climax of increasing tensions between Keane and the United management and players since the club's pre-season training camp in Portugal, when he argued with Ferguson over the quality of the set-up at the resort. Ferguson was angered further by Keane's admission during an MUTV phone-in that he would be "prepared to play elsewhere" after the expiration of his current contract with United at the end of the season.

}}

Another of Keane's appearances on MUTV provoked more controversy, when, after a humiliating 4–1 defeat at the hands of Middlesbrough in early November, he took the opportunity to criticise the performances of John O'Shea, Alan Smith, Kieran Richardson and Darren Fletcher. The harshest analysis, however, was reserved for the club's record signing Rio Ferdinand: "Just because you are paid £120,000-a-week and play well for 20 minutes against Tottenham, you think you are a superstar." The outburst was deemed too damning by the United management and was subsequently pulled from transmission by the club's TV station. Keane's opinions were described by those present at the interview as "explosive even by his standards".

It was later revealed by United that Keane's testimonial would take place at Old Trafford on 9 May 2006 between United and Celtic. The home side won the game 1–0, with Keane playing the first half for Celtic and the second half in his former role as Manchester United captain. The capacity crowd of 69,591 remains the largest crowd ever for a testimonial match in England. All of the revenue generated from the match was given to Keane's favourite charity, the Guide Dogs for the Blind Association.

Celtic

Keane's Celtic career began in ignominious fashion in January 2006, when the Glasgow giants crashed to a 2–1 defeat to lowly Clyde in the third round of the Scottish Cup. His abrasive style had clearly not dwindled since his arrival, as he was seen criticising some of his new team-mates during the match. Keane scored what turned out to be his only Celtic goal a month later in a 2–1 Scottish Premier League victory over Falkirk. He retained his place the following Sunday in his first Old Firm derby, leading Celtic to victory in a typically combative Man of the Match performance. Celtic went on to complete a double of the Scottish Premier League title and Scottish League Cup, his last honour as a player.

On 12 June 2006, Keane announced his retirement from professional football on medical advice, only six months after joining Celtic. His announcement prompted glowing praise from many of his former colleagues and managers, not least from Alex Ferguson, who opined: "Over the years when they start picking the best teams of all time, he will be in there."

After a row with goalkeeping coach Packie Bonner and Alan Kelly on the second day of training, Keane announced that he was quitting the squad and that he wished to return home to Manchester due to his dissatisfaction with Ireland's preparation. The FAI were unable to get Keane an immediate flight home at such short notice, meaning that he remained in Saipan for another night, but they called up Colin Healy as a replacement for him. The following day, however, McCarthy approached Keane and asked him to return to the training camp, and Keane was eventually persuaded to stay.

Despite a temporary cooling of tensions in the Irish camp after Keane's change of heart, things soon took a turn for the worse. Keane immediately gave an interview to leading sports journalist Tom Humphries, of the Irish Times newspaper, where he expressed his unhappiness with the facilities in Saipan and listed the events and concerns which had led him to leave the team temporarily. McCarthy took offence at Keane's interview and decided to confront Keane over the article in front of the entire squad and coaching staff. Keane refused to relent, saying that he had told the newspaper what he considered to be the truth and that the Irish fans deserved to know what was going on inside the camp. Niall Quinn observed in his autobiography that “Roy Keane's 10-minute oration [against Mick McCarthy, above] ... was clinical, fierce, earth-shattering to the person on the end of it and it ultimately caused a huge controversy in Irish society.” But at the same time, he was also critical of Keane's stance, saying that "[He] left us in Saipan, not the other way round. And he punished himself more than any of us by not coming back."

None of Keane's team-mates voiced support for him during the meeting, although some supported him in private afterwards. Veterans Niall Quinn and Steve Staunton backed McCarthy in a press conference after the event. It was here that McCarthy announced that he had dismissed Keane from the squad and sent him home. By this time, the FIFA deadline for naming the World Cup squads had passed, meaning that Colin Healy was unable to be named as Keane's replacement and could not play in the tournament.

Recall

Mick McCarthy resigned as Ireland manager in November 2002 after defeats to Russia and Switzerland in qualification for Euro 2004. The possibility of Keane returning to the squad for future qualifiers was raised, as Keane had not yet fully retired from international football, insisting that McCarthy's presence was the main incentive for staying away from the Irish squad. McCarthy's replacement, Brian Kerr, discussed with Keane the possibility of a recall, and in April 2004 he was brought back into the Irish team to face Romania. Keane was not reinstated as captain, however, as Kerr decided to keep the armband with Kenny Cunningham. After the team's failure to qualify for the 2006 FIFA World Cup, he announced his retirement from international football in order to help prolong his club career.

Post-retirement

Keane has reiterated his displeasure with the attitude and selection policy of the FAI. In March 2007 Keane claimed that several Republic of Ireland players get picked solely on the basis of their media exposure and that the organisation was biased towards players originating from Dublin or other regions of Leinster: "Once you keep playing them on the reputation they've built up through the media or because they do lots of interviews, then it's wrong. There's a fine line between loyalty and stupidity." Keane claimed that Sunderland player Liam Miller was not picked because he was from Cork and that players with significant potential were failing to get picked for the national team. He also alleged that the FAI were incompetent in the running of their affairs. Keane was involved in further controversy in the wake of Ireland's defeat by France in the World Cup 2010 play-off. During an Ipswich Town press conference on November 20, 2009, Keane was critical of the Irish reaction to the Henry handball incident. His response included criticisms of the Irish team's defence and the FAI authorities.

Managerial career

His former manager Sir Alex Ferguson had previously said that he wanted Keane to succeed him as Manchester United coach when he retired. However, in the wake of Keane's acrimonious departure from the club, Ferguson became evasive regarding Keane's prospects as a manager: "Young managers come along and people say this one will be England manager or boss of this club, but two years later they're not there. It's not an easy environment to come into, I wouldn't forecast anything."

Sunderland

During his time at Celtic, Keane was suggested as a potential managerial successor to Gordon Strachan by former Celtic player Charlie Nicholas. However, it was Championship club Sunderland where Keane chose to launch his managerial career, re-uniting him with the club's chairman and outgoing manager, Niall Quinn. The two men, publicly at least, were on opposing sides during the fall-out from the Saipan incident, but they were on good terms at the time of the managerial appointment, with Quinn urging Sunderland fans to "support and enjoy one of football’s true greats".

Keane signed a three-year deal immediately after Sunderland's victory over West Bromwich Albion on 28 August, the Mackems' first win of the 2006–07 season after a dreadful run of four consecutive defeats under Quinn's temporary management. With his new club sitting in the relegation zone already, second bottom of the Championship table, Keane chose to enforce changes quickly. His first actions as manager were deciding to keep the existing assistant manager, Bobby Saxton, and to appoint his former Nottingham Forest colleague Tony Loughlan as head coach. He wasted no time in bringing in new additions to the squad, with a total of six players signing on the final day of the August transfer window. The most notable signings were Keane's former Manchester United team-mates Dwight Yorke and Liam Miller, supported by former Celtic colleagues Ross Wallace and Stanislav Varga, as well as Wigan Athletic pair Graham Kavanagh and David Connolly.

Keane's first two games as manager could not have gone much better; first coming from behind to beat Derby County 2–1, followed by an easy 3–0 victory over Leeds United. Sunderland began to steadily creep up the league standings under Keane's management, and by the turn of the year they had escaped the bottom half of the league. Five further players were signed during the January 2007 transfer window, three (Anthony Stokes, Carlos Edwards and Stern John) on permanent contracts and two (Jonny Evans and Danny Simpson) on loan from Manchester United, Keane's old club. Results continued to improve, and Keane was rewarded with the February and March "Manager of the Month" awards, while his team began to challenge for the automatic promotion places. Meanwhile, Keane tackled his players' non-professional approach with a firm hand. When three players were late for the team coach to a trip to Barnsley, in March 2007, he simply left them behind.

Sunderland secured promotion to the Premier League along with Birmingham City on 29 April when rivals Derby County were beaten by Crystal Palace. A week later, the Coca-Cola Championship title was sealed, and Sunderland's revival under Keane was complete. His achievements also earned him the Championship "Manager of the Year" award. A sign of Keane's bigger ambitions was shown by his decision not to celebrate promotion with an open-top bus parade through the city.

Some argue that Sunderland's 2007–08 season in the Premier League was marred with bad luck, both in terms of injuries and the notable refereeing decisions that went against them. However, many pundits hailed their fighting spirit under Keane and backed them for survival. The lowest point of their season came at Goodison Park, where they were beaten 7–1 by Everton, which Keane described as "one of the lowest points" of his career. However in the second half of the season the team's form was much improved (especially at home) and survival in the division was guaranteed with two games to go with a home win against Middlesbrough. Meanwhile, Keane carried on his trend of buying ex-Manchester United players with the addition of Kieran Richardson, Paul McShane, Danny Higginbotham, and Phil Bardsley. He has also continued his strict disciplinary policy by putting Liam Miller (one of Sunderland's apparently more consistent players) on the transfer list for being regularly late for training and other team meetings.

The beginning of the 2008–09 season would prove to be tumultuous. In September 2008 Keane became embroiled in a row with FIFA Vice President Jack Warner over the withdrawal of Dwight Yorke from the Trinidad and Tobago national team. Warner accused Keane of being disrespectful towards small countries. Keane responded by calling Warner "a clown" and insisted that Yorke was retired from international football. That same month Keane experienced "one of the worst and longest nights" of his career when Sunderland had to come from 2–0 down at home in a League Cup tie against Northampton. The game ended 2–2, with Sunderland progressing narrowly on penalties.

Despite some positive performances, including the historic 2–1 home victory against local rivals Newcastle United on 25 October (the first time the club had accomplished this in 28 years), as well as good showings by recent signings like Djibril Cissé and Anton Ferdinand, the team's general form remained inconsistent. By the end of November, Sunderland were 18th in the Premier League, having lost five of their six previous games. Keane stood down as manager on 4 December after bringing doubt on his own future with comments made in the wake of the 4–1 home defeat by Bolton the previous weekend.

In an interview with The Irish Times on 21 February 2009, Keane cited differences with Sunderland 30% shareholder Ellis Short and strains with club chairman Niall Quinn as the factors in his decision to resign as Sunderland manager.

Ipswich Town

On 23 April 2009, Keane was appointed as the new manager of Ipswich Town on a two-year contract, the day after the club had sacked Jim Magilton. The following week, Ipswich rounded off the season with a 2–1 win over Coventry. In the 2009–10 season, Ipswich started without a win in their first fourteen matches, making them the last team to record their first win in the whole league, finally winning on 31 October against Derby County and recording their first away win of the season on 29 November against Cardiff City. Their form gradually improved throughout the season, but Ipswich drew far too many games to come anywhere near the promotion race and they finished the season in 15th place. Keane was sacked as Ipswich manager on 7 January 2011.

Personal life

Keane is married to Theresa Doyle, and they have five children: Shannon, Caragh, Aidan, Leah and Alanna. The couple met when she was a dentist's assistant and he was playing for Nottingham Forest in 1992. They married in Mayfield, Cork in 1997.

When Keane moved to Manchester United, the family lived in a modern four-bedroom house in Bowdon, then moved to a mock Tudor mansion in Hale. It was not as private as he had hoped, a point proven during his exclusion from the 2002 World Cup. Often seen walking Triggs (his Labrador dog), Keane was then a regular at the Bleeding Wolf pub, and was found there by reporters on the night of David Beckham's wedding. When asked why he hadn't gone, Keane joked: "It was a choice between the wedding and the Wolf – and the Wolf won."

Keane is a recovering alcoholic. In his autobiography, Keane recounts how his addiction almost destroyed him. He has been sober for some 10 years now. He maintains that will-power helped him obtain sobriety

Wanting more privacy, his family had a 1930s home bulldozed so they could build a new £2.5 million house near Hale.

On 6 June 2009, it was announced that Keane and his family had purchased a new house in the Ipswich area, near to the training ground of Keane's new club, Ipswich. He eventually settled in the nearby coastal town of Woodbridge where he now lives with his family.

Honours

Player

Club

;Nottingham Forest

Full Members Cup (1): 1992

;Manchester United

Premier League (7): 1993–94, 1995–96, 1996–97, 1998–99, 1999–2000, 2000–01, 2002–03

FA Cup (4): 1993–94, 1995–96, 1998–99, 2003–04

FA Community Shield (4): 1993, 1996, 1997, 2003

UEFA Champions League (1): 1998–99

Intercontinental Cup (1): 1999

;Celtic

Scottish Premier League (1): 2005–06

Scottish League Cup (1): 2005–06

Individual

FWA Footballer of the Year: 2000

PFA Players' Player of the Year: 2000

Strogaldo De Legendary Award: 1999 & 2007

Premier League 10 Seasons Awards (1992–93 to 2001–02): Overseas Team of the Decade

English Football Hall of Fame: 2004

Premier League Player of the Month (2): October 1998, December 1999

FIFA 100

Manager

Club

;Sunderland

Football League Championship (1): 2006–07

Individual

Football League Championship Manager of the Month (2): February 2007, March 2007

Statistics

Player

Updated on 7 January 2011.

See also

List of people on stamps of Ireland

References

;General

Roy Keane (2002), As I See It, [DVD]

;Specific

External links

Career photos on BBC Online

BBC Wear – Roy Keane's first day on the job at SAFC

English Football Hall of Fame Profile

}}

Category:1971 births Category:Living people Category:People from Cork (city) Category:Republic of Ireland association footballers Category:Republic of Ireland expatriate association footballers Category:Expatriate footballers in England Category:Expatriate footballers in Scotland Category:Association football midfielders Category:Cobh Ramblers F.C. players Category:League of Ireland players Category:Nottingham Forest F.C. players Category:The Football League players Category:Premier League players Category:Manchester United F.C. players Category:Celtic F.C. players Category:Scottish Premier League players Category:Republic of Ireland under-21 international footballers Category:Republic of Ireland international footballers Category:1994 FIFA World Cup players Category:2002 FIFA World Cup players Category:Republic of Ireland football managers Category:Sunderland A.F.C. managers Category:Premier League managers Category:English Football Hall of Fame inductees Category:FIFA 100 Category:The Football League managers

Lewis Shay McGugan (born 25 October 1988 in Nottingham, England) is an English professional footballer who plays as a central midfielder for Championship side Nottingham Forest. He made his Amateur début on 17 October 2006 in Forest's Football League Trophy win at Gillingham. He has also represented England at Under-17 & 19 level and is known for his ability to score from long-range.

Career

2006–07

On 3 March 2007 McGugan was a substitute after just 12 minutes in Forest's match against Huddersfield Town. In his first five minutes of play he netted his second career goal with a shot, from the edge of the box, past the Huddersfield goalkeeper, Matt Glennon. This was Forest's third goal, in their 5–1 victory over Huddersfield. In an earlier match against Gillingham, McGugan scored a match-winning free kick in the 85th minute that ensured Forest would continue fighting for second place in League One. The goal was subsequently voted by fans as Forest's 'Goal of the season' for 2006–07.

2007–08

Although McGugan missed the start of the 2007–08 campaign, due to injury, he was recalled to the starting line-up following the absence of Neil Lennon. His performance enabled him to keep his place in the side, whilst Lennon remained on the bench following his own return. McGugan's first league goal of the season came from a 20-yard strike in Forest's 2–2 draw with Northampton Town. He scored his fourth goal of the season, in the second minute of stoppage time, in the New Year's Day 2–1 win, at the City Ground, over Huddersfield a goal which won him Forests goal of the season for the second year running. He did not score again until April, but then scored three goals in Forest's last four games of the season, including an outstanding free-kick against Yeovil Town in Forest's 3–2 win on the last day of the campaign, which saw Forest promoted from League One into the Championship. He finished the season with seven goals, with his form valuable to Forest to help them gain promotion. This was the youngster's first major honour of his career.

Following some impressive performances, manager Colin Calderwood said on 3 January 2008 "He's a young player with a wonderful future ahead of him." The youngster put pen to paper and signed a new three and a half year deal keeping him at the club until 2011.

2008–09

McGugan began the campaign with reasonable performances against Reading and Swansea City, before sustaining a torn Rectus Femoris muscle in his thigh in the latter game. He was due to be out for 3–4 weeks. It was announced before the game against Burnley that McGugan's progress had been hampered by a complete rupture of the same muscle close to where it attaches on his hip. He is now expected to be out for a further 6 weeks, to the dismay of Forest fans and players. McGugan scored his first goal in the Championship with a superb free-kick against QPR on his return from injury. He was voted the 16th best player outside the Premier League in January 2009.

2009–10

McGugan started the season mostly coming off the bench, as an impact sub. He scored a 90th minute leveller against Cardiff City on 1 November 2009, following up with two more late strikes against Doncaster and Preston.

2010–11

McGugan started the season in the same fashion as the previous one, mostly coming off the bench. His first start came away from home against Preston on 14th September where McGugan scored a brace to earn Forest a 2–1 victory. On the 25th September McGugan scored a penalty against Swansea. McGugan then extended Nottingam's lead to 2–0 by grabbing another bracce, his second of the season. After this he also went on to score in a 3–1 defeat away at Barnsley on the 16th of October and a 1–0 home win over Middlesbrough at the City Ground on the 19th of October. On the 23rd of October, McGugan continued his fine goal-scoring form with a superb long-range free-kick against Ipswich. His impressive form and spectacular long range efforts were seen again on the 6th November when he scored from 25 yards out from open play against Watford away from home. On the 20th November, McGugan added to his great start to the season with the opening goal in a 2-0 win at Cardiff, who were the league leaders at the time.

Career statistics

|- |2006–07||rowspan="5"|Nottingham Forest||rowspan="2"|League One||15||2||1||0||0||0||16||2 |- |2007–08||33||6||3||1||0||0||36||7 |- |2008–09||rowspan="3"|Championship||33||5||3||0||0||0||36||5 |- |2009–10||19||3||1||0||2||1||22||4 |- |2010–11||12||8||0||0||1||0||13||8 109||24||8||1||3||1||125||26 109||24||8||1||3||1||125||26

Honours

;Nottingham Forest:

League One Runner-up: 2008

PFA Championship Fans' player of the month: October 2010

References

External links

Category:1988 births Category:Living people Category:People from Long Eaton Category:People from Nottingham Category:English people of Jamaican descent Category:English people of Scottish descent Category:English footballers Category:Association football midfielders Category:Nottingham Forest F.C. players Category:The Football League players

Playername	Carlo Ancelotti
Fullname	Carlo Michelangelo Ancelotti
Dateofbirth	June 10, 1959
Cityofbirth	Reggiolo
Countryofbirth	Italy
Height
Position	Midfield
Currentclub	Chelsea (manager)
Youthclubs1	Parma
Years1	1976–1979
Years2	1979–1987
Years3	1987–1992
Clubs1	Parma
Clubs2	Roma
Clubs3	Milan
Caps1	55
Goals1	13
Caps2	171
Goals2	12
Caps3	112
Goals3	10
Totalcaps	338
Totalgoals	35
Nationalyears1	1980
Nationalteam1	Italy U-21
Nationalcaps1	3
Nationalgoals1	0
Nationalyears2	1981–1991
Nationalteam2	Italy
Nationalcaps2	26
Nationalgoals2	1
Manageryears1	1995–1996
Manageryears2	1996–1998
Manageryears3	1999–2001
Manageryears4	2001–2009
Manageryears5	2009–
Managerclubs1	Reggiana
Managerclubs2	Parma
Managerclubs3	Juventus
Managerclubs4	Milan
Managerclubs5	Chelsea

Carlo Michelangelo Ancelotti (born 10 June 1959) is a former Italian international footballer and current manager of Chelsea.

Nicknamed Carletto, Ancelotti played as a midfielder and had a successful career with Roma - captaining the team - with whom he won one Scudetto and 4 Coppa Italia and was part of the legendary late 80's Milan team, with whom he won two Scudetti and two European Cups in a five-year period. He was capped 26 times and scored one goal for the Italian national team and appeared at the 1986 and 1990 World Cups.

After spells as manager of Reggiana, Parma and Juventus, Carlo Ancelotti was appointed Milan manager in 2001. He won the Scudetto in 2004, the Champions League in 2003 and 2007 and the Coppa Italia in 2003. They were also Serie A and Champions League runner-ups in 2005. He is one of six men to have won the European Cup as player and manager. In May 2009 he was appointed Chelsea manager and in his first season led them to a historic Premier League and FA Cup Double. He became only the second non-British manager to win the double, the other being Arsène Wenger.

Club career

Carlo Ancelotti began his career in 1974 with Parma. In 1979, he transferred to Roma, as captain and midfielder, where he won the Italian championship in 1983, the Coppa Italia four times and helped Roma to reach the European Cup final in 1984. From 1987 until 1992, he played for Milan, and was part of the Milan squad that won consecutive European Cups in 1989 and 1990. During this time, Milan played with one of their finest teams ever assembled in that decade, with Paolo Maldini, Franco Baresi, Mauro Tassotti and Alessandro Costacurta as defenders, Frank Rijkaard, Ruud Gullit and Roberto Donadoni as midfielders and Marco van Basten upfront. His finest moment with Milan was when he received a pass from Ruud Gullit, dribbled around two Madrid players, and netted a powerful long-range shot during the Rossoneri's 5–0 thrashing of Real Madrid in the 1989 European Cup semi-finals. He went on to play all 90 minutes in Milan's 4–0 dismantling of Steaua Bucureşti in the final.

International career

Ancelotti made his debut and scored his first and only goal on 6 January 1981, in a one-off tournament against Netherlands, which ended in a 1–1 draw. He was very likely to be capped for the 1982 World Cup campaign, but a dramatic knee injury forced him away for several months. He also went on to appear in the 1986 and 1990 World Cups, along with Roberto Donadoni, Roberto Mancini and Paolo Maldini. Ancelotti made a total of 26 performances, scoring one goal for Italy, before he announced his retirement from international football in 1991.

Managerial career

A student at Coverciano, where he penned a research article entitled "Il Futuro del Calcio: Più Dinamicità" (English: The Future of Football: More Dynamic)

Reggiana

Ancelotti began his managerial career with Reggiana in 1995, where Reggiana achieved promotion to Serie A. However, he left the following year for Parma.

Parma

In 1996, Ancelotti was appointed manager of Parma, which included Gianluigi Buffon and Fabio Cannavaro. Parma finished 2nd in the 1996–97 season, which guaranteed them a Champions League place. The following season, Ancelotti guided them to a fifth place, qualifying for the UEFA Cup.

Juventus

In 1998, he was appointed Juventus manager, where he both succeeded and preceded Marcello Lippi, who returned to the club when Ancelotti left. Ancelotti's season began promisingly, winning the Intertoto Cup by beating Rennes 4–2 on aggregate. However, the following season, he went trophyless, finishing runner-up twice in Serie A.

Milan

Ancelotti was appointed Milan manager in 2001, after Fatih Terim was sacked, due to poor results. He was inheriting another recently trophyless team in Milan, as the Rossoneri had floundered domestically and in Europe since their last Scudetto victory in 1999. In his first full season, Ancelotti soon had Milan back in European competition, leading them to the semi-finals of the 2001–02 UEFA Cup.

The following season, Ancelotti, who was heavily criticized by Silvio Berlusconi, due to his defensive tactics, was able to adopt a creative play in Milan while making several roster changes. He made Dida, still maligned for his 2000–01 Champions League howler against Leeds United, his new starting goalkeeper barely a month into the 2002–03 season, while converting budding attacking midfielder Andrea Pirlo to a defensive playmaker and playing him behind Rui Costa. At the same time, Filippo Inzaghi and Andriy Shevchenko were dominant and dynamic. Milan won the 2003 Champions League, beating Juventus 3–2 on penalties at Old Trafford and the Coppa Italia and took home the Scudetto in 2004.

Under Ancelotti's reign, Milan were also back-to-back Serie A runners-up to Juventus in 2004–05 and 2005–06 (both Scudetti were later wiped from the record books due to Juventus' involvement in the Calciopoli scandal), and lost the 2005 UEFA Champions League Final to Liverpool losing 3–2 on penalties after leading 3–0 at halftime. Two years later, though, Milan avenged their defeat to Liverpool with a 2–1 win at the Olympic Stadium in Athens on 23 May 2007, leading to Ancelotti's second Champions League trophy as Milan coach and his fourth title overall, having also won it twice as a Milan player in 1989 and 1990. Ancelotti announced his resignation from Milan less than an hour following their 2–0 victory over Fiorentina on 31 May 2009, after the club terminated his contract by mutual consent with one year remaining.

Chelsea

He was confirmed as the new Chelsea manager after agreeing to a three-year contract worth £9 million. This contract made him the highest earning manager in the world. Ancelotti, succeeding temporary replacement Guus Hiddink, became the club's fourth permanent manager in 21 months, following José Mourinho, Avram Grant, and Luiz Felipe Scolari. He is also the third Italian to manage Chelsea, after Gianluca Vialli and Claudio Ranieri.

On 9 August 2009, Ancelotti won his first trophy as Chelsea manager, the Community Shield, beating Manchester United on penalties, following a 2–2 draw. His first Premier League game in charge of the Blues ended in a 2–1 home victory over Hull City on 15 August 2009. Chelsea lost their first game under Ancelotti at the DW Stadium against Wigan Athletic on 26 September, losing 3–1. They were eliminated from the League Cup on 2 December, reaching the quarter-finals stage after a penalty shootout defeat to Blackburn Rovers after a 3–3 draw at Ewood Park. Chelsea crashed out of the Champions League on 16 March 2010 after a 1–3 aggregate loss to Internazionale, having lost both home and away, in the Round of 16 stage.

On 9 May 2010, Ancelotti led Chelsea to win the Premier League title, beating Manchester United by one point and setting scoring records. The team finished the campaign with 103 goals, becoming the first team to score more than 100 goals in the top flight of English football since Tottenham Hotspur in the 1962–63 First Division season (Tottenham finished second). Chelsea secured the title with a 8–0 victory over Wigan Athletic at Stamford Bridge. Ancelotti also became the first Italian manager to win Premier League; and only the fifth manager overall in the league's eighteen seasons.

On 15 May 2010, Ancelotti led Chelsea to win the 2009–10 FA Cup, beating Portsmouth 1–0 in the final at Wembley. This was the third time Chelsea had won the FA Cup in four years, equalling the record set by Arsenal between 2002 and 2005. This also accomplished the club's first ever domestic double within the one season.

Though having lost to Manchester United in the Community Shield in August, Ancelotti led Chelsea to the top of the table on the first weekend of the new Premier League season thanks to a 6-0 rout of newly-promoted West Brom. Chelsea followed this result with another 6-0 win, this time over Wigan, whilst Stoke were beaten 2-0. Chelsea had a good start to the season, winning the first five matches. However, his success was easily forgotten, as he failed a second time in the League Cup, losing 4-3 to Newcastle United on September 23, 2010. He then went on to lose against Manchester City in the Premier League, on a 1-0 loss due to a cleverly taken strike by City skipper Carlos Tevez. He made a good start in Europe by beating Marseille and MSK Zilina 2-0 and 4-1 respectively. After a disappointment at the City of Manchester Stadium, Chelsea beat 4th placed Arsenal 2-0, thanks to a goal from Didier Drogba and a free-kick by defender Alex.

His next defeat of the season came against Liverpool at Anfield where they lost 2-0. A week later, Chelsea suffered their second Premier League defeat in three matches with a remarkable 3-0 defeat to Sunderland.

On 5 January 2011, Chelsea suffered a shock 1-0 defeat at struggling Wolverhampton Wanderers, leaving them fifth in the Premier League and in real danger of missing out on a Champions League place for the first time since 2002. This result led to Ancelotti ruling out Chelsea's chances of retaining the title, but he insists that he does not fear that he will be sacked.

Future plans

Ancelotti said in an October 2009 interview with sportmediaset.it. that one day he would like to return to Italy and become the manager of Roma, the only Italian club he would go to at this point in his career. Ancelotti also said that he would like to be the Italian national football team's manager after the 2010 World Cup.

After winning the 2010 FA Cup, Ancelotti stated he would like to continue managing the Blues for at least another 10 years. He has also said that one day he would like to manage the English National team.

Personal life

In 1983, Ancelotti has two children: a daughter, Katia, and a son, Davide, who also played in the Milan youth team and later joined Borgomanero in June 2008. In 2008, Carlo Ancelotti confirmed in an interview that he had broken up with his wife of 25 years.

Recently, Ancelotti has had to travel back to Italy on a regular basis to visit his 87-year-old father who was in poor health with diabetes and other issues. On the issue he said "I don't have a problem managing the team for this reason. It's difficult, emotionally, when it's your father... but this is life. I have to do my best to stay close to him, but this is the life." Giuseppe Ancelotti died in the early hours of 30 September 2010.

Career statistics

|- |1976–77||rowspan="3"|Parma||rowspan="2"|Serie C||1||0|||||||| |- |1977–78||21||8|||||||| |- |1978–79||Serie C1||33||5|||||||| |- |1979–80||rowspan="8"|Roma||rowspan="8"|Serie A||27||3|||||||| |- |1980–81||29||2|||||||| |- |1981–82||5||0|||||||| |- |1982–83||23||2|||||||| |- |1983–84||9||0|||||||| |- |1984–85||22||3|||||||| |- |1985–86||29||0|||||||| |- |1986–87||27||2|||||||| |- |1987–88||rowspan="5"|Milan||rowspan="5"|Serie A||27||2|||||||| |- |1988–89||28||2|||||||| |- |1989–90||24||3|||||||| |- |1990–91||21||1|||||||| |- |1991–92||12||2|||||||| 338||35|||||||| 338||35||||||||

Manager

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center" |- !rowspan="2"|Team !rowspan="2"|Nat !rowspan="2"|From !rowspan="2"|To !colspan="5"|Record |- !G!!W!!D!!L!!Win % |- |align=left|Reggiana | |align=left|1995 |align=left|1996 |- |align=left|Parma | |align=left|1996 |align=left|1998 |- |align=left|Juventus | |align=left|1999 |align=left|2001 |- |align=left|Milan | |align=left|6 November 2001 |align=left|31 May 2009 |- |align=left|Chelsea | |align=left|1 July 2009 |align=left|Present |- !colspan="4" align="center" valign=middle|Total |}

15 January 2011

Honours

Player

;Roma

;Milan

;Italy

FIFA World Cup 1990: Bronze Medal

Manager

;Juventus

;Milan

;Chelsea

Individual

Serie A coach of the Year: 2001, 2004

Albo Panchina d'Oro: 2002-03, 2003–04

UEFA Manager of the Year: 2002-03

World Soccer Magazine Manager of the Year: 2003

The World's best Club Coach 2007

Premier League Manager of the Month : November 2009, August 2010

UEFA Champions League Manager of the Year: 2002–03

References

External links

Category:1959 births Category:Living people Category:People from the Province of Reggio Emilia Category:Italian footballers Category:Italy international footballers Category:Italian football managers Category:Parma F.C. players Category:A.S. Roma players Category:A.C. Milan players Category:Serie A footballers Category:A.C. Reggiana 1919 managers Category:Parma F.C. managers Category:Juventus F.C. managers Category:A.C. Milan managers Category:Chelsea F.C. managers Category:Serie A managers Category:Premier League managers Category:Expatriate football managers in England Category:1986 FIFA World Cup players Category:UEFA Euro 1988 players Category:1990 FIFA World Cup players